WO2011123085A1 - Machine hydraulique - Google Patents

Machine hydraulique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011123085A1
WO2011123085A1 PCT/UA2011/000006 UA2011000006W WO2011123085A1 WO 2011123085 A1 WO2011123085 A1 WO 2011123085A1 UA 2011000006 W UA2011000006 W UA 2011000006W WO 2011123085 A1 WO2011123085 A1 WO 2011123085A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hydraulic machine
turbine chamber
chamber
impeller
hydraulic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/UA2011/000006
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Евгений Георгиевич САМОЙЛЕНКО
Original Assignee
Samoylenko Evgeny Georgievich
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from UAU201003612U external-priority patent/UA52552U/uk
Priority claimed from UAU201008388U external-priority patent/UA56377U/ru
Application filed by Samoylenko Evgeny Georgievich filed Critical Samoylenko Evgeny Georgievich
Priority to CN201180026549.2A priority Critical patent/CN102918259B/zh
Publication of WO2011123085A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011123085A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/04—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto with substantially axial flow throughout rotors, e.g. propeller turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • F03B11/02—Casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/16—Stators
    • F03B3/18—Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/16—Stators
    • F03B3/18—Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
    • F03B3/186—Spiral or volute casings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to hydropower, in particular to jet hydraulic machines designed for hydropower installations of power plants using a working medium, water in a wide range of heads. Hydraulic machines can be used both to generate mechanical energy and to supply a working medium under pressure.
  • a hydraulic machine including a spiral turbine chamber connected to the annular belts of the turbine stator, vanes of a multi-blade guide apparatus installed between the annular belts of the turbine stator, an impeller located in the impeller chamber and rigidly connected to the shaft, water supply and water removal parts (RF patent N ° 2306452, IPC F03B3 / 00, declared on October 28, 2005, published on September 20, 2007).
  • a disadvantage of the known hydraulic machine is the design complexity, which is determined by the significant dimensions of the guide apparatus, turbine stator and spiral chamber, which sequentially encircle the impeller, increasing the turbine dimensions in the horizontal direction by 2- ⁇ 3 times with respect to the dimensions of the impeller.
  • the water flow in such a turbine undergoes repeated deformations, leading to significant hydraulic losses, which reduces its operational and functional capabilities.
  • the turbine chamber has a spiral shape, the axis of which is located in the same plane.
  • the spiral turbine chamber is facing rigidly connected to two annular stator belts, between which columns are installed.
  • a guide apparatus is coupled to the upper and lower stator belts by its upper and lower rings, between which the vanes of the guide apparatus are mounted with the possibility of rotation by means of a drive mechanism.
  • the impeller with blades is placed in a special chamber of the impeller, which is a part of the sphere located behind the guide vane.
  • a disadvantage of the known hydraulic machine is the complexity of the design, the complexity of its manufacture and installation; due to the use of large and metal-intensive elements of the spiral chamber, stator, suction pipe and impeller, as well as the need to use special bulky rotation mechanisms to change the position of the vanes of the guide vane.
  • Such a constructive implementation of the known hydraulic machine also requires great labor both for manufacturing in the factory and for transporting its individual parts, as well as for installation.
  • the known hydraulic machine also has a low power density and limited operational and functional capabilities. This is due to the fact that the movement of the water flow in the multi-circuit flowing part of the turbine is accompanied by a multiple change in the direction of flow, namely: rotation in a spiral chamber, exit between stator columns, passage between blades of the guide apparatus, rotation on the impeller and rotation in a curved suction pipe. This causes a non-uniform distribution of velocities in the flow due to the presence of uneven geometric cross-section in individual nodes of the hydraulic machine, which leads to significant hydraulic losses of the water flow in various nodes of the flow part, and especially in the suction pipe, where the energy of the rotating stream is practically not restored.
  • the basis of the invention is the task of improving the design of the hydraulic machine by redesigning the individual units and their new relative position, which helps to optimize the water flow line in the flowing part of the machine by improving the hydrodynamic characteristics and increasing the efficiency of the use of potential energy of the water flow, which allows to simplify the design and reduce dimensions of the hydraulic machine, to increase its throughput and specific power, as well as expand operational and the functionality of the hydraulic machine while ensuring its high efficiency.
  • a hydraulic machine including a guide apparatus, a turbine chamber, an impeller, consisting of a housing with blades mounted on it and detachably mounted on a shaft that is installed in the bearing, as well as a suction pipe, according to the invention
  • the turbine chamber is made in the form of a screw-shaped hollow cylinder, one end of which is connected to a guide apparatus, and the other end is connected to a suction pipe.
  • the impeller blades are placed directly in the cavity of the screw-shaped cylinder, and the guide apparatus is installed in front of the turbine chamber.
  • the nominal internal the diameter of the turbine chamber is equal to the diameter of the impeller, and the guiding apparatus is made in the form of a sector shutter device located in its chamber on a rotary support.
  • the guiding apparatus is made in the form of a locking assembly, consisting of two sector-wide shutter devices located symmetrically with respect to the conduit axis, each of which is placed in a corresponding chamber on a rotary support, so that in the closed position they have a common interface line.
  • the advantage of the proposed hydraulic machine is that the design of the turbine chamber in the form of a helical hollow cylinder, as well as the location of the impeller blades directly in the helical cavity of the turbine chamber, ensures a uniform cross-section of the water flow from the apparatus guide to the suction pipe, which leads to an improvement in the flow hydrodynamic characteristics. This allows you to increase the throughput and specific power of the hydraulic machine, which significantly expands its operational and functional capabilities, allowing you to use it in a wide range of heads.
  • the helical turbine chamber simultaneously performs the function of the impeller chamber, so that its dimensions are reduced to the size of the diameter of the impeller, and the nominal inner diameter of the turbine chamber should preferably be equal to the diameter of the impeller.
  • This also helps to simplify the design and, accordingly, reduce the dimensions of the main unit of the hydraulic machine - the unit for converting the hydraulic pressure of water into mechanical energy. Placing the guide vane in the general layout of the hydraulic machine in front of the turbine chamber ensures that water is supplied to it with minimal energy loss.
  • the implementation of turbine chambers in the form of a helical hollow cylinder, and the location of the guide apparatus in front of the turbine chamber provide an optimal water flow line, which significantly improves the flow hydrodynamic characteristics by reducing the number of turns of the flow in the flow part of the hydraulic machine. This is possible due to the fact that the water flow, passing through the flow part, undergoes only double deformation, smoothly flowing around the guide apparatus and moving along a helical path in the turbine chamber.
  • the implementation of the guide apparatus in the form of a sector shutter device which in the general layout of the machine provides minimal hydraulic resistance to water flow, and in the "fully open” position is outside the flow and practically does not create hydraulic resistance to the working medium.
  • This makes it possible to maximize the use of potential hydraulic energy of the water flow, improve the hydrodynamic characteristics of the flowing part of the hydraulic machine. This allows you to expand the functionality of the hydraulic machine, so it can be used in conduits with a very low pressure in any shape and any section of the conduit.
  • the implementation of the guide apparatus in the form of a locking unit, consisting of two sector-wide shutter devices arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of the water conduit, each of which is placed in a corresponding chamber on a rotary support, allows smoother control of the power of the hydraulic machine, by changing the useful cross section of the water pipe from 0 to 100%, and thus provide a specified amount of water flow through the turbine chamber and, as a result, provide enhanced functionality of the hydraulic machine.
  • figure 1 schematically shows a hydraulic machine
  • FIG. 2 is a section along AA in FIG. one ;
  • FIG. 3 is a view B in FIG. one ;
  • FIG. 4 is a section BB in FIG. 1 (the position of the shutter device is “open”);
  • section BB in FIG. 1 (the position of the shutter device is “closed”);
  • FIG. 6 shows a shutter assembly in which a first and a second shutter device in a hydraulic conduit of a hydraulic machine is shown in the “closed” position (section BB in FIG. 1);
  • FIG. 7 shows a shutter assembly in which a first and second shutter device is shown in the water conduit of the hydraulic machine in the “open” position (section BB in FIG. 1).
  • the hydraulic machine includes a turbine chamber 1, made in the form of a two-step screw-shaped hollow cylinder.
  • One of the ends 2 of the turbine chamber 1 is stationary, for example by welding, connected to a guide apparatus 3, which in turn is equipped with a drive 4 for opening or closing the guide apparatus 3 when water is supplied to the turbine chamber 1.
  • the guide apparatus 3 is made in the form of a sector shutter device 5, which is placed in a closed chamber 6 and rotates in a hinge support 7.
  • the housing 8 of the impeller 9, the diameter of which is equal to the nominal diameter of the turbine chamber 1, is detachably mounted on the shaft 10, which is placed in the bearing 11 and kinematically connected with an external machine (not shown).
  • the blades 12 of the impeller 9 are rigidly mounted on the housing 8 of the impeller 9 and placed in the cavity of the turbine chamber 1.
  • the blades 12 can be mounted on the housing 8 with the possibility of their rotation relative to an axis located at an angle / for example, straight to the axis of the turbine.
  • the second end 13 of the turbine chamber 1 is inextricably connected to the suction pipe 14, which is made direct-flow.
  • the guiding apparatus of the hydraulic machine can be made in the form of a locking unit, which contains a sector device 5 located in a closed chamber 6 and a sector device 15 installed symmetrically to the sector device 5 relative to the axis of the conduit 17.
  • the sector device 15 is installed so that when both are completely closed sector devices 15 and 5, they form a common interface line 18.
  • the hydraulic machine operates as follows.
  • the water flow moving in the screw cavity of the turbine chamber 1, along the spiral path passes the space between the blades 12 of the impeller 9, leaves the other end of the screw turbine chamber 13 and through the suction pipe 14 enters the downstream. Passing through the impeller 9, the water gives it the energy of pressure and pressure head, which are converted into mechanical energy of the shaft 10, due to which a torque arises.
  • Mechanical energy from the impeller 9 is transmitted through the shaft 10 to the rotor of an electric machine (not shown). In the case of the hydraulic machine in pump mode, mechanical energy is transmitted to the impeller 9, which, rotating in the opposite direction, transfers energy to the reverse water flow.
  • the inventive hydraulic machine is compact, has a high throughput and specific power, can be connected to a pressure pipe of any section. Due to this, it can be used in a wide range of low water heads, for example, from 1 m to 50 m.
  • the relatively small dimensions, as well as the possibility of using a hydraulic machine in any spatial arrangement without increasing its construction part, also allows the use of the inventive hydraulic machine instead of complex capsule hydraulic units low-pressure hydroelectric power plants.
  • deepening of the impeller relative to the level of the downstream, in order to exclude the cavitation regime does not require additional construction work.
  • the use of the inventive hydraulic machine as part of the hydropower equipment of hydroelectric power stations and pumped storage power plants makes it possible to efficiently use the energy of low-pressure sections and build power plants with a smaller building.
  • the industrial applicability of the inventive hydraulic machine is confirmed by the possibility of its production on known equipment, in industrial production, using well-known domestic materials and devices.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne le domaine du génie énergétique hydraulique et notamment des machines hydrauliques à réaction. La machine hydraulique comprend un appareil de direction (3), une chambre de turbine (1), une roue de travail (9) constituée d'un corps sur lequel sont montés des pales et montée sur un arbre qui est posé sur un palier, ainsi qu'un tuyau d'aspiration (14). La chambre de turbine (1) se présente comme un cylindre creux dont une extrémité est raccordée à l'appareil de direction (3) et l'autre extrémité est raccordée au tuyau d'aspiration (14); les pales de la roue de travail sont disposées directement dans la cavité du cylindre. L'appareil de direction (3) est monté sous la chambre de turbine (1). La roue de travail est fixée à l'arbre de manière détachable. L'invention permet de simplifier la structure de la machine hydraulique et d'en élargir les propriétés d'exploitation et fonctionnelles.
PCT/UA2011/000006 2010-03-29 2011-01-31 Machine hydraulique WO2011123085A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201180026549.2A CN102918259B (zh) 2010-03-29 2011-01-31 液压发动机

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
UAU201003612U UA52552U (uk) 2010-03-29 2010-03-29 Роторно-лопатева гідравлічна машина
UAU201003612 2010-03-29
UAU201008388U UA56377U (ru) 2010-07-05 2010-07-05 Гидравлическая машина самойленко
UAU201008388 2010-07-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011123085A1 true WO2011123085A1 (fr) 2011-10-06

Family

ID=44712514

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/UA2011/000006 WO2011123085A1 (fr) 2010-03-29 2011-01-31 Machine hydraulique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN102918259B (fr)
WO (1) WO2011123085A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111550569A (zh) * 2020-04-22 2020-08-18 中国科学院力学研究所 一种适用于燃烧室的开闭装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB729097A (en) * 1953-03-25 1955-05-04 Thompson Prod Inc Improvements in or relating to turbine units and turbine driven fuel pumps
SU1105682A2 (ru) * 1983-01-07 1984-07-30 Проектно-Конструкторский И Технологический Институт "Водавтоматика И Метрология" Микрогидроэлектростанци
SU1134766A1 (ru) * 1983-08-18 1985-01-15 Lashkov Anatolij S Способ останова гидротурбины
US20030223857A1 (en) * 2000-07-12 2003-12-04 Milan Daniel C Hydraulic turbine feed tank
WO2006021094A1 (fr) * 2004-08-27 2006-03-02 David George Demontmorency Boitier de guidage pour turbine hydraulique

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU918617A1 (ru) * 1979-01-02 1982-04-07 Киевский Ордена Ленина Политехнический Институт Им.50-Летия Великой Октябрьской Социалистической Революции Регулирующа заслонка
JPS5891371A (ja) * 1981-11-24 1983-05-31 Koichi Totsugi 水車装置
JPS58128470A (ja) * 1982-01-27 1983-08-01 Hitachi Ltd 貫流水車
NL8500055A (nl) * 1985-01-10 1986-08-01 Jansen Venneboer B V Waterturbine.
RU2030670C1 (ru) * 1991-12-17 1995-03-10 Институт горной механики им.Г.А.Цулукидзе АН Грузии Обратный клапан
CN201176907Y (zh) * 2008-03-25 2009-01-07 湘阴县兴农机械有限公司 水轮机

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB729097A (en) * 1953-03-25 1955-05-04 Thompson Prod Inc Improvements in or relating to turbine units and turbine driven fuel pumps
SU1105682A2 (ru) * 1983-01-07 1984-07-30 Проектно-Конструкторский И Технологический Институт "Водавтоматика И Метрология" Микрогидроэлектростанци
SU1134766A1 (ru) * 1983-08-18 1985-01-15 Lashkov Anatolij S Способ останова гидротурбины
US20030223857A1 (en) * 2000-07-12 2003-12-04 Milan Daniel C Hydraulic turbine feed tank
WO2006021094A1 (fr) * 2004-08-27 2006-03-02 David George Demontmorency Boitier de guidage pour turbine hydraulique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102918259A (zh) 2013-02-06
CN102918259B (zh) 2016-02-17

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