WO2011113686A1 - Polymer composition for w&c application with advantageous electrical properties - Google Patents
Polymer composition for w&c application with advantageous electrical properties Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011113686A1 WO2011113686A1 PCT/EP2011/052990 EP2011052990W WO2011113686A1 WO 2011113686 A1 WO2011113686 A1 WO 2011113686A1 EP 2011052990 W EP2011052990 W EP 2011052990W WO 2011113686 A1 WO2011113686 A1 WO 2011113686A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/06—Polyethene
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- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/26—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/0026—Apparatus for manufacturing conducting or semi-conducting layers, e.g. deposition of metal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
- H01B3/441—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from alkenes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
- H01B7/0208—Cables with several layers of insulating material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B9/00—Power cables
- H01B9/02—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients
- H01B9/027—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients composed of semi-conducting layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2312/00—Crosslinking
Definitions
- the invention relates to a use of a polymer composition for producing a layer of a power cable, preferably of a direct current (DC) power cable, which is preferably crosslinkable and subsequently crosslinked, to a direct current (DC) power cable, which is preferably crosslinkable and subsequently crosslinked, to a preparation process of the cable, as well as a subgroup of the polyolefin composition.
- a polymer composition for producing a layer of a power cable, preferably of a direct current (DC) power cable, which is preferably crosslinkable and subsequently crosslinked, to a direct current (DC) power cable, which is preferably crosslinkable and subsequently crosslinked, to a preparation process of the cable, as well as a subgroup of the polyolefin composition.
- the polymer material in one or more of said layers is often crosslinked to improve e.g. heat and deformation resistance, creep properties, mechanical strength, chemical resistance and abrasion resistance of the polymer in the layer(s) of the cable.
- crosslinking reaction of a polymer interpolymer crosslinks (bridges) are primarily formed.
- Crosslinking can be effected using e.g. a free radical generating compound. Free radical generating agent is typically incorporated to the layer material prior to the extrusion of the layer(s) on a conductor. After formation of the layered cable, the cable is then subjected to a
- One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a use of a further polymer composition with advantageous electrical properties, i.a. low electrical conductivity, for producing power cable layer, preferably a direct current (DC) cable layer. Also an independent subgroup of the polymer composition with advantageous electrical properties is provided.
- advantageous electrical properties i.a. low electrical conductivity
- DC direct current
- HV DC power cable as used below or in claims means herein either HV DC power cable, preferably with operating at voltages as defined above, or extra high HV DC power cable, preferably with operating at voltages as defined above. Thus the term covers independently the operating areas for both the HV DC cable also EHV DC cable applications.
- the polymer composition of the invention is referred herein below also shortly as
- the polyolefm (a) is preferably a polyethylene polymerised in the presence of an olefin polymerisation catalyst and selected from an ethylene homopolymer or a copolymer of ethylene with one or more comonomer(s); or a homo- or copolymer of C3-20 alpha-olefin which is preferably selected from a propylene homopolymer, a random copolymer of propylene with one or more comonomer(s) or heterophasic copolymer of propylene with one or more comonomer(s), or from homo- or copolymers of butene.
- Polyethylene polymerised in the presence of an olefin polymerisation catalyst is also often called as
- the polyolefm (a) is polyethylene selected from very low density polyethylene (VLDPE) copolymers, linear low density polyethylene
- the most preferred polyolefm (a) is a polyethylene polymerised in the presence of an olefin polymerisation catalyst and selected from an ethylene homopolymer or a copolymer of ethylene with one or more comonomer(s) as defined above or below. Even more preferably the polyolefm (a) is a MDPE polymer or a HDPE polymer, most preferably a HDPE polymer as defined above or below, even more preferably a HDPE polymer which is unimodal or multimodal with respect to molecular weight distribution as defined above or below.
- Crosslinkable polymer composition further comprises a crosslinking agent. It is preferred that the polyolefm (a) and the second polyolefm (b) of the polymer composition are crosslinked. Moreover, the crosslinked polymer composition or, respectively, the crosslinked polyolefm (a) and the second polyolefm (b), is most preferably crosslinked via radical reaction with a free radical generating agent.
- the crosslinked polymer composition has a typical network, i.a.
- the electrical conductivity as described under the "Determination method” is measured from a sample of said polymer composition which is non-crosslinked (i.e. does not contain a crosslinking agent and has not been crosslinked with a crosslinking agent).
- the polymer composition wherein the crosslinked polymer composition comprising polyolefm (a), which is blended to the second polyolefm (b) has a reduced electrical conductivity compared to the electrical conductivity of a crosslinked second polyolefm (b) alone.
- the crosslinking contributes preferably also to the mechanical properties and the heat and deformation resistance of the polymer composition.
- the unit "mmol -0-0-/kg polymer composition” means herein the content (mmol) of peroxide functional groups per kg polymer composition, when measured from the polymer composition prior to crosslinking. For instance the 35 mmol -0-0-/kg polymer
- suitable organic peroxides di-tert-amylperoxide, 2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)-2,5-dimethyl-3-hexyne, 2,5- di(tert-butylperoxy)-2,5-dimethylhexane, tert-butylcumylperoxide, di(tert-butyl)peroxide, dicumylperoxide, butyl-4,4-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-valerate, 1 , l-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3,5- trimethylcyclohexane, tert-butylperoxybenzoate, dibenzoylperoxide, bis(tert-amylperoxide, 2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)-2,5-dimethyl-3-hexyne, 2,5- di(tert-butylperoxy)-2,5-dimethylhexane,
- the peroxide is selected from 2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)-2,5- dimethylhexane, di(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene, dicumylperoxide, tert- butylcumylperoxide, di(tert-butyl)peroxide, or mixtures thereof. Most preferably, the peroxide is dicumylperoxide.
- the polymer composition comprises preferably conventionally used additive(s) for W&C applications, such as one or more antioxidant(s) and optionally one or more of scorch retarder(s) or crosslinking booster(s), preferably at least one or more antioxidant(s).
- additives for W&C applications, such as one or more antioxidant(s) and optionally one or more of scorch retarder(s) or crosslinking booster(s), preferably at least one or more antioxidant(s).
- additives for W&C applications, such as one or more antioxidant(s) and optionally one or more of scorch retarder(s) or crosslinking booster(s), preferably at least one or more antioxidant(s).
- antioxidants e.g. sterically hindered or semi-hindered phenols, aromatic amines, aliphatic sterically hindered amines, organic phosphites or phosphonites, thio compounds, and mixtures thereof.
- the combined amount of polyolefin (a) and the second polyolefin (b) in the polymer composition of the invention is typically of at least 50 wt%, preferably from 80 to 100 wt% and more preferably from 85 to 100 wt%, of the total weight of the polymer component(s) present in the polymer composition.
- the preferred polymer composition consists of polyolefin (a) and the second polyolefin (b) as the only polymer components.
- the expression means that the polymer composition does not contain further polymer components, but the polyolefin (a) and the second polyolefin (b) as the sole polymer component(s).
- the polymer composition may comprise further components other than the polyolefin (a) and the second polyolefin (b) components, such as additives which may optionally be added in a mixture with a carrier polymer, i.e. in so called master batch.
- the amount of the second polyolefm (b) is 50wt% or more, more preferably of 60 to 99.0wt%, more preferably of 70 to 99.0wt%, more preferably of 75 to 99.0wt%, even more preferably of 80 to 99.0wt%, based on the combined weight of the polyolefm (a) and the second polyolefm (b).
- This independent subgroup of the polymer composition of the invention is also preferred subgroup of the polymer composition of the invention present in at least one layer, preferably at least in the insulation layer, of the power cable of the invention as defined above, below or in claims.
- polymerization catalysts including multi- or dual site catalysts, in a one stage
- multistage polymerisation process the polymer is polymerised in a process comprising at least two polymerisation stages.
- the unsaturation originates at least from an unsaturated second polyolefm (b) component. More preferably, the unsaturated second polyolefm (b) is an unsaturated polyethylene, more preferably an unsaturated LDPE polymer, even more preferably an unsaturated LDPE homopolymer or an unsaturated LDPE copolymer.
- CTA chain transfer agent
- propylene ethylene
- polymerization conditions e.g., polyethylene, polyethylene, and/or by polymerization conditions.
- CTA chain transfer agent
- the unsaturation can be provided by one or more of the following means: by a chain transfer agent (CTA), by one or more polyunsaturated comonomer(s) or by polymerisation conditions.
- polyunsaturated comonomer(s) The polyunsaturated comonomers suitable for the unsaturated second polyolefm (b) preferably consist of a straight carbon chain with at least 8 carbon atoms and at least 4 carbons between the non-conjugated double bonds, of which at least one is terminal, more preferably, said polyunsaturated comonomer is a diene, preferably a diene which comprises at least eight carbon atoms, the first carbon-carbon double bond being terminal and the second carbon-carbon double bond being non-conjugated to the first one.
- propylene can be used as a comonomer or as a chain transfer agent (CTA), or both, whereby it can contribute to the total amount of the carbon-carbon double bonds, preferably to the total amount of the vinyl groups.
- CTA chain transfer agent
- a compound which can also act as comonomer, such as propylene is used as CTA for providing double bonds, then said copolymerisable comonomer is not calculated to the comonomer content.
- the second polyolefin (b), more preferably the LDPE polymer, is unsaturated, then it has preferably a total amount of carbon-carbon double bonds, which originate from vinyl groups, vinylidene groups and trans-vinylene groups, if present, of more than 0.4/1000 carbon atoms, preferably of more than 0.5/1000 carbon atoms.
- the upper limit of the amount of carbon-carbon double bonds present in the polyolefin is not limited and may preferably be less than 5.0/1000 carbon atoms, preferably less than 3.0/1000 carbon atoms.
- the total amount of carbon-carbon double bonds, which originate from vinyl groups, vinylidene groups and trans-vinylene groups, if present, in the unsaturated LDPE is preferably higher than 0.40/1000 carbon atoms, preferably higher than 0.50/1000 carbon atoms, preferably higher than 0.60/1000 carbon atoms.
- the second polyolefin (b) is unsaturated LDPE polymer as defined above and the polymer composition contains the preferable "low" peroxide content of the invention as defined above or in claims. Higher double bond content combined with the preferable "low” peroxide content further contributes to the low electrical conductivity.
- the embodiment is also preferable e.g. if high cable production speed or longer extrusion time, or both, is desired.
- the embodiment also contributes to the desirable mechanical and/or heat resistance properties are needed for the layer, preferably insulation layer, material.
- the second polyolefin (b) is unsaturated LDPE as defined above and contains at least vinyl groups and the total amount of vinyl groups is preferably higher than 0.05/1000 carbon atoms, still more preferably higher than 0.08/1000 carbon atoms, and most preferably of higher than 0.11/1000 carbon atoms.
- the total amount of vinyl groups is of lower than 4.0/1000 carbon atoms.
- the second polyolefin (b), prior to crosslinking contains vinyl groups in total amount of more than 0.20/1000 carbon atoms, still more preferably of more than 0.30/1000 carbon atoms.
- the preferred second polyolefin (b) for use in the polymer composition is an unsaturated LDPE copolymer of ethylene with at least one polyunsaturated comonomer, preferably a diene as defined above, and optionally with other comonomer(s), and has the total amount of carbon-carbon double bonds, which originate from vinyl groups, vinylidene groups and trans-vinylene groups, if present, as defined above, preferably has the total amount of vinyl groups as defined above.
- Said unsaturated LDPE copolymer is highly usable for the invention for use as the second polyolefm (b) of a polymer composition, preferable in an insulation layer of a power cable, preferably of a DC power cable.
- the second polyolefm (b) of the invention is a LDPE polymer, which is preferably produced at high pressure by free radical initiated polymerisation (referred to as high pressure (HP) radical polymerization).
- HP reactor can be e.g. a well known tubular or autoclave reactor or a mixture thereof, preferably a tubular reactor.
- HP high pressure
- the high pressure (HP) polymerisation and the adjustment of process conditions for further tailoring the other properties of the polyolefm depending on the desired end application are well known and described in the literature, and can readily be used by a skilled person.
- Suitable polymerisation temperatures range up to 400 °C, preferably from 80 to 350°C and pressure from 70 MPa, preferably 100 to 400 MPa, more preferably from 100 to 350 MPa. Pressure can be measured at least after compression stage and/or after the tubular reactor.
- Temperature can be measured at several points during all steps.
- the obtained LDPE is typically in a form of a polymer melt which is normally mixed and pelletized in a pelletising section, such as pelletising extruder, arranged in connection to the HP reactor system.
- additive(s) such as antioxidant(s)
- ethylene (co)polymers by high pressure radical polymerization can be found i.a. in the Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, Vol. 6 (1986), pp 383-410 and Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology, 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd.: "Polyethylene: High-pressure, R.Klimesch, D.Littmann and F.-O. Mahling pp. 7181-7184.
- WO 9308222 describes a high pressure radical polymerisation of ethylene with polyunsaturated monomers. As a result the unsaturation can be uniformly distributed along the polymer chain in random copolymerisation manner.
- WO 9635732 describes high pressure radical polymerisation of ethylene and a certain type of polyunsaturated ⁇ , ⁇ - divinylsiloxanes.
- the polymer composition of the invention can be used for producing a layer of a power cable, preferably a direct current (DC) power cable, as defined above, below or in claims.
- a power cable preferably a direct current (DC) power cable, as defined above, below or in claims.
- DC direct current
- the invention further provides a power cable, preferably a direct current (DC) power cable, comprising a conductor which is surrounded at least by an inner semiconductive layer, an insulation layer and an outer semiconductive layer, in that order, wherein at least one layer, preferably at least the insulation layer, comprises, preferably consists of, a polymer composition as defined above, below or in claims comprising
- a power cable preferably a direct current (DC) power cable, comprising a conductor which is surrounded at least by an inner semiconductive layer, an insulation layer and an outer semiconductive layer, in that order, wherein at least one layer, preferably at least the insulation layer, comprises, preferably consists of, a polymer composition as defined above, below or in claims comprising
- the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable comprises, preferably consists of, a first semiconductive composition
- the insulation layer comprises, preferably consists of, an insulation composition
- the outer semiconductive layer comprises, preferably consists of, a second semiconductive composition.
- compositions preferably at least the insulation composition comprises, more preferably, consists of the polymer composition of the invention.
- conductor means herein above and below that the conductor comprises one or more wires.
- the cable may comprise one or more such conductors.
- the conductor is an electrical conductor and comprises one or more metal wires.
- the first and the second semiconductive compositions can be different or identical and comprise a polymer(s) which is preferably a polyolefm or a mixture of polyolefins and a conductive filler, preferably carbon black.
- Suitable polyolefm(s) are e.g. polyethylene produced in a low pressure process or a polyethylene produced in a HP process (LDPE).
- LDPE HP process
- the general polymer description as given above in relation to the polyolefm (a) and, respectively, in relation to the second optional polyolefm (b) apply also for the suitable polymers for semiconductive layers.
- the carbon black can be any conventional carbon black used in the semiconductive layers of a power cable, preferably in the semiconductive layer of a DC power cable.
- the carbon black has one or more of the following properties: a) a primary particle size of at least 5 nm which is defined as the number average particle diameter according ASTM D3849-95a, dispersion procedure D
- the polymer composition comprises 10 to 50 wt% carbon black, based on the weight of the Semiconductive composition.
- the power cable, preferably the DC power cable, of the invention is preferably
- crosslinkable wherein at least one layer, preferably at least the insulation layer, comprises, preferably consists of, the polymer composition as defined above, below or in claims comprising
- a second polyolefm which is different from the polyolefm (a) , as defined above or in claims, and a crosslinking agent, preferably a peroxide in an amount of up to 110 mmol -0-0-/kg polymer composition, preferably of up to 90 mmol -0-0-/kg polymer composition, more preferably of 1.0 to 75 mmol -0-0-/kg polymer composition, preferably of less than 50 mmol -0-0-/kg polymer composition, preferably of less than 40 mmol -0-0-/kg polymer composition, preferably of less than 37 mmol -0-0-/kg polymer composition, preferably of less than 35 mmol -0-0-/kg polymer composition, preferably of 0.1 to 34 mmol -O-O- /kg polymer composition, preferably of 0.5 to 33 mmol -0-0-/kg polymer composition, more preferably from 5.0 to 30 mmol -0-0-/kg polymer composition, more preferably from 7.0
- the cable can optionally comprise further layers, e.g. layers surrounding the insulation layer or, if present, the outer semiconductive layers, such as screen(s), a jacketing layer(s), other protective layer(s) or any combinations thereof.
- further layers e.g. layers surrounding the insulation layer or, if present, the outer semiconductive layers, such as screen(s), a jacketing layer(s), other protective layer(s) or any combinations thereof.
- the invention also provides a process for producing a power cable, more preferably a DC power cable, as defined above or in claims, which is preferably crosslinkable, whereby the process comprises the steps of
- At least one layer preferably an inner semiconductive layer comprising a first semiconductive composition, an insulation layer comprising an insulation composition and an outer semiconductive layer comprising a second semiconductive composition, in that order, wherein the composition of at least one layer, preferably of the insulation layer comprises, preferably consists of, the polymer composition comprising
- a second polyolefm which is different from the polyolefm (a), as defined above or in claims, and optionally, and preferably, a crosslinking agent, which is preferably a peroxide in an amount of up to 110 mmol -0-0-/kg polymer composition, preferably of up to 90 mmol - 0-0-/kg polymer composition, more preferably of 0 to 75 mmol -0-0-/kg polymer composition, preferably of less than 50 mmol -0-0-/kg polymer composition, preferably of less than 40 mmol -0-0-/kg polymer composition, preferably of less than 37 mmol - 0-0-/kg polymer composition, preferably of less than 35 mmol -0-0-/kg polymer composition, preferably of 0.1 to 34 mmol -0-0-/kg polymer composition, preferably of 0.5 to 33 mmol -0-0-/kg polymer composition, more preferably from 5.0 to 30 mmol -O- 0-/kg polymer composition
- the polymer composition comprises the crosslinking agent and the process comprises a further step of crosslinking at least the polymer composition of said insulation layer, in the presence of the crosslinking agent, preferably in an amount as defined above, at crosslinking conditions, and optionally, and preferably, crosslinking at least one, preferably both, of the first semiconductive composition of the inner semiconductive layer and the second semiconductive composition of the outer semiconductive layer, in the presence of a crosslinking agent at crosslinking conditions.
- an optionally, and preferably, crosslinkable first semiconductive composition comprising a polymer, a carbon black and optionally further component(s) for the inner semiconductive layer
- the polymer composition of the invention and, optionally, the optional first and second semiconductive composition are provided to the cable production process in form of powder, grain or pellets.
- Pellets mean herein generally any polymer product which is formed from reactor-made polymer (obtained directly from the reactor) by post-reactor modification to a solid polymer particles.
- a well-known post-reactor modification is pelletising a meltmix of a polymer product and optional additive(s) in a pelletising equipment to solid pellets.
- Pellets can be of any size and shape.
- the polyolefm components (a) and (b) can be combined in a same powder, grain or pellet product, which thus contains a solid polymer mixture of the polyolefm (a) and the second polyolefm (b).
- the polyolefm (a) and the second polyolefm (b) are provided separately, e.g. as two separate pellet products, to the cable production process. All or part of the optional additives can be present in any such powder, grain or pellets or added separately.
- the (melt)mixing step (a) of the provided polymer composition of the invention and of the preferable first and second semiconductive compositions is preferably carried out in a cable extruder.
- the step a) of the cable production process may optionally comprise a separate mixing step, e.g. in a mixer arranged in connection and preceding the cable extruder of the cable production line. Mixing in the preceding separate mixer can be carried out by mixing with or without external heating (heating with an external source) of the component(s).
- a crosslinkable power cable preferably a crosslinkable DC power cable, more preferably a crosslinkable HV DC power cable
- the insulation layer comprises, preferably consists of, a crosslinkable polymer composition of the invention which comprises a peroxide in an amount as given above or below, and wherein the second polyolefm (b) is optionally, and preferably, an unsaturated LDPE homo or copolymer, and wherein at least the
- crosslinkable insulation layer of the obtained cable is crosslinked in step c) at crosslinking conditions. More preferably in this crosslinkable embodiment, also a crosslinked power cable, preferably a crosslinked DC power cable, more preferably a crosslinked HV DC power cable, is provided.
- Crosslinking of the polymer composition of the insulation layer is preferably carried out in the presence of a peroxide in an amount as defined above or in below claims, and the optional and preferable crosslinking of the first semiconductive composition of the inner semiconductive, is carried out in the presence of crosslinking agent(s), preferably in the presence of free radical generating agent(s), which is preferably a peroxide(s).
- decomposition products formed from the crosslinking agent.
- degassing step can be reduced, which accelerates the overall cable production process
- the preferred DC power cable of the invention is a HV DC power cable.
- the HV DC power cable operates at voltages as defined above for HV DC cable or extra HV DC cable, depending on the desired end cable application.
- the thickness of the insulation layer of the DC power cable is typically 2 mm or more, preferably at least 3 mm, preferably of at least 5 to 100 mm, more preferably from 5 to 50 mm, and conventionally 5 to 40 mm, e.g. 5 to 35 mm, when measured from a cross section of the insulation layer of the cable.
- the thickness of the inner and outer semiconductive layers is typically less than that of the insulation layer, and in HV DC power cables can be e.g. more than 0.1 mm, such as from 0.3 up to 20 mm, 0.3 to 10 of inner semiconductive and outer semiconductive layer.
- Mz, Mw, Mn, and MWD are measured by Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) according to the following method:
- A is the maximum absorbance defined as peak height
- E the molar extinction coefficient of the group in question (1-mol 1 -mm “1 )
- L the film thickness (mm)
- D the density of the material (g-cm "1 ).
- SR Scorch retardant: 2,4-Diphenyl-4-methyl-l-pentene (CAS 6362-80-7)
- Lamella thickness Thickness of crystal lamellas in the material (fractions* ⁇ 0.1 wt% are ignored).
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
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CA2792990A CA2792990C (en) | 2010-03-17 | 2011-03-01 | Polyethylene polymer composition and power cable with improved electrical properties |
EP11708014.3A EP2547729B1 (en) | 2010-03-17 | 2011-03-01 | Polymer composition for w&c application with advantageous electrical properties |
CN201180019496.1A CN102947384B (en) | 2010-03-17 | 2011-03-01 | Have excellent electrical characteristic is suitable to the poly-of electric wire application and compositions |
KR1020127026998A KR101959473B1 (en) | 2010-03-17 | 2011-03-01 | Polymer composition for w&c application with advantageous electrical properties |
RU2012142301/04A RU2571663C2 (en) | 2010-03-17 | 2011-03-01 | Polymer composition, possessing advantageous electrical properties, for manufacturing wires and cables |
US13/635,524 US10208196B2 (en) | 2010-03-17 | 2011-03-01 | Polymer composition for W and C application with advantageous electrical properties |
BR112012023374A BR112012023374B1 (en) | 2010-03-17 | 2011-03-01 | power cable, production process, polymer composition and use |
US16/267,599 US10626265B2 (en) | 2010-03-17 | 2019-02-05 | Polymer composition for W and C application with advantageous electrical properties |
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EP10156721.2 | 2010-03-17 | ||
EP10156721 | 2010-03-17 |
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US13/635,524 A-371-Of-International US10208196B2 (en) | 2010-03-17 | 2011-03-01 | Polymer composition for W and C application with advantageous electrical properties |
US16/267,599 Continuation US10626265B2 (en) | 2010-03-17 | 2019-02-05 | Polymer composition for W and C application with advantageous electrical properties |
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US (2) | US10208196B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2547729B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101959473B1 (en) |
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BR (1) | BR112012023374B1 (en) |
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Also Published As
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RU2571663C2 (en) | 2015-12-20 |
BR112012023374B1 (en) | 2020-06-09 |
KR20130051928A (en) | 2013-05-21 |
CN102947384A (en) | 2013-02-27 |
RU2012142301A (en) | 2014-04-27 |
US20190169414A1 (en) | 2019-06-06 |
US10208196B2 (en) | 2019-02-19 |
CN102947384B (en) | 2016-08-10 |
EP2547729A1 (en) | 2013-01-23 |
KR101959473B1 (en) | 2019-03-18 |
CA2792990C (en) | 2019-05-14 |
US20130087362A1 (en) | 2013-04-11 |
US10626265B2 (en) | 2020-04-21 |
CA2792990A1 (en) | 2011-09-22 |
EP2547729B1 (en) | 2020-12-16 |
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