WO2011111281A1 - 光導波路デバイス - Google Patents
光導波路デバイス Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011111281A1 WO2011111281A1 PCT/JP2010/073509 JP2010073509W WO2011111281A1 WO 2011111281 A1 WO2011111281 A1 WO 2011111281A1 JP 2010073509 W JP2010073509 W JP 2010073509W WO 2011111281 A1 WO2011111281 A1 WO 2011111281A1
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- core
- photodiode
- optical waveguide
- waveguide device
- light
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4249—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details comprising arrays of active devices and fibres
- G02B6/425—Optical features
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0232—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical waveguide device including an optical waveguide having a plurality of cores and a light receiving element having a plurality of photodiodes.
- an optical waveguide device including an optical waveguide having a plurality of cores and a light receiving element having a plurality of photodiodes is known (for example, Patent Document 1).
- one photodiode is usually arranged corresponding to one core. Light emitted from each core is received by each corresponding photodiode. The intensity of the received light is converted into an electrical signal by the photodiode.
- the optical waveguide device is used for an optical touch panel, for example.
- an optical touch panel light from a light source is blocked by a touch input such as a finger or a pen.
- the position where the light intensity is reduced is detected by the optical waveguide device, and the coordinates of the finger, pen, etc. are specified.
- FIG. 4A shows a schematic plan view of a first example of the conventional optical waveguide device 20, and FIG. 4B shows a cross-sectional view thereof.
- the conventional optical waveguide device 20 includes an optical waveguide 21 and a light receiving element 22.
- the optical waveguide 21 includes a plurality of cores 23. Each core 23 emits outgoing light 25 from the tip 24.
- the light receiving element 22 includes a plurality of photodiodes 26 arranged in a line. Each photodiode 26 receives the emitted light 25 from the core 23.
- the pitch (center interval) L6 of the core 23 and the pitch (center interval) L7 of the photodiode 26 are the same. Therefore, the core 23 and the photodiode 26 have a one-to-one correspondence.
- the outgoing light 25 from the core 23 travels while spreading in a fan shape. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4A, when the distance L8 between the tip 24 of the core 23 and the light receiving surface of the photodiode 26 is long, the emitted light 25 emitted from the core 23 faces the core 23. It enters not only the photodiode 26 but also the adjacent photodiode 26.
- the third core 23 has no outgoing light. However, no. 3 facing the core 23 of No.3. No. 3 photodiode 26 has no. 2 and a part of the emitted light 25 of the core 23 of No. 2; Part of the emitted light 25 from the four cores 23 is incident. For this reason, no. The third photodiode 26 has incident light although it is weak. For this reason, no. In spite of the absence of the light emitted from the third core 23, there is a risk of erroneous determination.
- the threshold value of each photodiode 26 may be increased so that incident light from the adjacent core 23 is not sensed.
- the threshold value of the photodiode 26 is increased, in the optical touch panel using the optical waveguide device 20, the light receiving sensitivity of the optical waveguide device 20 is decreased. Therefore, there is a possibility that the optical touch panel has a problem that it does not sense touch input.
- the core 31 and the photodiode 32 are brought close to each other, and the tip 33 of the core 31 is The distance L9 from the light receiving surface of the photodiode 32 is shortened. Thereby, the fall of the light reception sensitivity of the optical waveguide device 30 can be prevented, and the malfunction of touch input can be avoided.
- this measure is taken, another problem arises.
- the core 31 is formed on the under cladding layer 35, and the core 31 is embedded by the over cladding layer 36.
- the tip 33 of the core 31 is separated from the over clad layer 36 due to manufacturing variations as shown in FIG. There is a risk of exposure.
- the diffusion attenuation of the emitted light 37 of the core 31 becomes significant.
- optical transmission from the core 31 to the photodiode 32 may be impossible.
- the formation accuracy of the over clad layer 36 must be increased. This reduces the mass productivity of the optical waveguide 34.
- FIG. 5A shows a state where the optical axes of the core 31 and the photodiode 32 are perfectly aligned (a state where alignment is completely performed).
- the optical axes (cores) of the core 31 and the photodiode 32 may shift as shown in FIG.
- the amount of deviation of the optical axis is L10.
- the light receiving area of the photodiode 32 is usually wider than the emission area of the core 31 of the optical waveguide 34 so that the optical axis alignment (alignment) can be easily performed.
- Patent Document 1 Column 11, lines 56 to 62.
- the pitch L7 of the photodiode 32 is increased.
- the pitch L6 of the core 31 is the same as the pitch L7 of the photodiode 32, the pitch L6 of the core 31 is also increased.
- Increasing the pitch L6 of the core 31 and the pitch L7 of the photodiode 32 makes it easy to solve the erroneous determination caused by the optical axis deviation L10 between the core 31 and the photodiode 32.
- increasing the pitch L6 of the core 31 and the pitch L7 of the photodiode 32 makes it difficult to increase the definition of the optical touch panel, for example.
- the pitch L6 of the core 23 and the pitch L7 of the photodiode 26 are the same. Therefore, the core 23 and the photodiode 26 correspond one to one. At this time, since the distance L8 between the tip 24 of the core 23 and the light receiving surface of the photodiode 26 is long, the emitted light 25 emitted from the core 23 may enter the adjacent photodiode 26. In that case, there is a possibility that the core 23 having no outgoing light 25 is erroneously determined as if the outgoing light 25 exists.
- the distance L9 between the tip 33 of the core 31 and the light receiving surface of the photodiode 32 is shortened. Thereby, the fall of the light reception sensitivity of the optical waveguide device 30 can be prevented, and the erroneous determination of touch input can be avoided.
- the tip 33 of the core 31 may be exposed from the over clad layer 36.
- the diffusion attenuation of the emitted light 37 becomes significant, and there is a possibility that light transmission from the core 31 to the photodiode 32 may be impossible.
- the second example of the conventional optical waveguide device 30 further has a problem regarding optical axis alignment (alignment).
- optical axis alignment In practice, it is difficult to completely align the core 31 and the photodiode 32, and the optical axes (cores) of the core 31 and the photodiode 32 may shift.
- the optical axes of the core 31 and the photodiode 32 are shifted, the emitted light 37 of the adjacent core 31 enters the photodiode 32. Also in this case, there is a possibility that the core 31 that does not actually have the emitted light 37 may be erroneously determined as if the emitted light 37 is present.
- the pitch L6 of the core 31 and the pitch L7 of the photodiode 32 are increased, the erroneous determination caused by the deviation of the optical axis between the core 31 and the photodiode 32 can be easily solved.
- increasing the pitch L6 of the core 31 and the pitch L7 of the photodiode 32 may be undesirable because it goes against high definition of an optical touch panel, for example.
- the optical waveguide device of the present invention includes an optical waveguide having a plurality of cores that emit outgoing light from the tip, and a light receiving element having a plurality of photodiodes that receive the outgoing light.
- the core and the photodiode are each arranged at a predetermined pitch.
- the core pitch is larger than the photodiode pitch.
- the ratio of the photodiode pitch to the core pitch is 0.1 to 0.8.
- the distance between the tip of the core and the light receiving surface of the photodiode is 200 ⁇ m to 1,000 ⁇ m.
- the pitch of the photodiodes is 2 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
- the core pitch is 10 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
- the vicinity of the tip of the core has a shape that expands in a tapered shape, and the tip of the core is substantially semicircular.
- the length of the tapered portion of the core is 100 ⁇ m to 1,000 ⁇ m, and the taper angle is 0.3 ° to 5 °.
- the radius of curvature of the substantially semicircular portion at the tip of the core is 2 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m.
- the optical waveguide device of the present invention there is a photodiode in which only the light emitted from one core is incident.
- the presence / absence of light emitted from the corresponding core can be correctly determined based on the presence / absence of incident light from the photodiode.
- the distance between the tip of the core and the light receiving surface of the photodiode can be made longer than that of the conventional optical waveguide device. Therefore, there is no possibility that the tip of the core is exposed from the over clad layer. Thereby, it is not necessary to extremely increase the formation accuracy of the over clad layer, and the mass productivity of the optical waveguide is improved.
- the alignment accuracy may be lower than that of the conventional optical waveguide device, and the mass productivity of the optical waveguide device is improved.
- the optical waveguide device of the present invention has a lens shape in which the tip of the core suppresses the spread of the emitted light, transmission of light from the core to the photodiode as compared with an optical waveguide device that does not have a lens at the tip of the core. High efficiency and high light receiving sensitivity.
- An optical waveguide device 10 of the present invention includes an optical waveguide 11 and a light receiving element 12 as shown in FIG. 1A and a cross-sectional view thereof.
- the optical waveguide 11 includes a plurality of cores 13 arranged in a line at a predetermined pitch. Each core 13 emits light 15 from the tip 14.
- the light receiving element 12 includes a plurality of photodiodes 16 arranged in a line at a predetermined pitch. The photodiode 16 receives the light 15 emitted from the core 13.
- the pitch (center interval) L1 of the core 13 is larger than the pitch (center interval) L2 of the photodiodes. That is, the relationship between the pitch L1 of the core 13 and the pitch L2 of the photodiode 16 is L1> L2.
- the ratio L2 / L1 between the pitch L2 of the photodiode 16 and the pitch L1 of the core 13 is preferably 0.1 to 0.8, and more preferably 0.15 to 0.5. Therefore, more than one photodiode 16 faces one core 13. That is, the core 13 and the photodiode 16 do not correspond one to one.
- the emitted light 15 emitted from the tip 14 of the core 13 travels while spreading in a fan shape.
- the way in which the emitted light 15 spreads (angle distribution) is not particularly different from the core 31 of the conventional optical waveguide device 30 (second example).
- the distance L3 between the tip 14 of the core 13 and the light receiving surface of the photodiode 16 of the optical waveguide device 10 of the present invention is equal to the tip 33 of the core 31 and the photodiode of the conventional optical waveguide device 30 (second example). It is longer than the distance L9 to 32 light receiving surfaces. Therefore, the range in which the emitted light 15 spreads on the light receiving surface of the photodiode 16 is wider than that of the conventional optical waveguide device 30 (second example).
- the pitch L 2 of the photodiodes 16 is smaller than the pitch L 1 of the cores 13, the emitted light 15 of one core 13 tends to enter a plurality of photodiodes 16.
- the emitted light 15 of the plurality of cores 13 often enters one photodiode 16.
- such a core 13 is referred to as a core 13 corresponding to the photodiode 16.
- the emitted light 15 of the other core 13 does not enter the photodiode 16. Therefore, when there is no outgoing light 15 from the corresponding core 13, the photodiode 16 has no incident light.
- no. 4 of the core 13 of No. 4 7-No. 9 is incident on the photodiode 16.
- the light 15 emitted from the core 13 of No. 5 9-No. 11 is incident on the photodiode 16.
- No. 6 of the core 13 is No.6. 11-No. The light enters the 13 photodiodes 16. Therefore, no. No. 9 photodiode 16 has no. 4 of the core 13, No. 4 5 of the core 13 is incident.
- No. No. 11 photodiode 16 has no. 5 of the core 13 of No. 5; Outgoing light 15 from the 6 cores 13 enters.
- no. No. 10 photodiode 16 has no. Only the outgoing light 15 of the core 13 of the fifth is incident. That is, no. No. 10 photodiode 16 has no. The outgoing light 15 of the cores 13 other than the core 13 of the fifth is not incident.
- no. No. 6 photodiode 16 has no. Only the emitted light 15 of the third core 13 is incident. Therefore, as shown in FIG. If there is no light emitted from the core 13 of No. 3, no. 6 photodiode 16 has no incident light. Therefore, no. No. 6 photodiode 16 indicates the presence or absence of incident light. The presence / absence of the emitted light 15 of the third core 13 can be correctly determined.
- the pitch L2 of the photodiode 16 is made smaller than the pitch L1 of the core 13.
- the distance L3 between the tip 14 of the core 13 and the light receiving surface of the photodiode 16 is set to the distance L9 between the tip 33 of the core 31 and the light receiving surface of the photodiode 32 of the conventional optical waveguide device 30 (second example).
- the distance L3 between the tip 14 of the core 13 and the light receiving surface of the photodiode 16 is appropriately 200 ⁇ m to 1,000 ⁇ m.
- the distance L3 between the tip 14 of the core 13 and the light receiving surface of the photodiode 16 is smaller than 200 ⁇ m, the tip 14 of the core 13 may be exposed from the overcladding layer 17 due to manufacturing variations. Therefore, the distance L3 between the tip 14 of the core 13 and the light receiving surface of the photodiode 16 is preferably 200 ⁇ m or more.
- the distance L3 between the tip 14 of the core 13 and the light receiving surface of the photodiode 16 is larger than 1,000 ⁇ m, the spread of the emitted light 15 becomes too large so that only the emitted light 15 of one core 13 is incident. There is a possibility that the photodiode 16 does not exist. That is, there is a possibility that the emitted light 15 of the plurality of cores 13 enters any photodiode 16. At that time, there is no photodiode 16 that can reliably determine the presence or absence of the emitted light 15 from the core 13. Therefore, the distance L3 between the tip 14 of the core 13 and the light receiving surface of the photodiode 16 is preferably 1,000 ⁇ m or less.
- FIG. 1A shows a state in which the optical axes of the core 13 and the photodiode 16 are perfectly aligned (a state where alignment is completely performed) in the optical waveguide device of the present invention.
- the optical waveguide device 10 of the present invention it is difficult for the optical waveguide device 10 of the present invention to completely align the core 13 and the photodiode 16.
- the optical axes (cores) of the core 13 and the photodiode 16 may be shifted as shown in FIG. The amount of deviation of the optical axis in the case of FIG.
- the optical axes (cores) of the core 13 and the photodiode 16 are not shifted. No. 3 of the core 13 only enters the incident light 15. 6 photodiodes 16.
- the optical axes (cores) of the core 13 and the photodiode 16 are shifted. No. 3 of the core 13 only enters the incident light 15. 7 photodiode 16. Accordingly, the correspondence between the photodiode 16 and the core 13 differs between FIG. 1A and FIG.
- any core 13 has a photodiode 16 that can accurately determine the presence or absence of emitted light.
- a photodiode 16 corresponding to the core 13 For example, in FIG. The presence or absence of the emitted light 15 of the core 13 of No. 3 This can be accurately determined by the presence / absence of incident light from the six photodiodes 16. In FIG. The presence or absence of the emitted light 15 of the core 13 of No. 3 7 can be accurately determined by the presence or absence of incident light of the photodiode 16.
- the light receiving element 12 used in the optical waveguide device 10 of the present invention has a plurality of photodiodes 16 arranged in a line at a predetermined pitch.
- This type of light receiving element 12 is generally called a linear image sensor.
- Such a light receiving element 12 is used to detect the intensity of light received by the optical waveguide 11 in order to convert an optical signal into an electrical signal.
- a CMOS linear image sensor or a CCD linear image sensor is suitable.
- the light receiving element 12 used in the present invention preferably has 500 or more photodiodes 16, more preferably 1,000 or more.
- the pitch L2 of the photodiodes 16 is preferably 2 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
- the pitch L2 of the photodiode 16 is small (about 2 ⁇ m to about 5 ⁇ m), for example, the pitch L1 of the core 13 can be reduced to increase the definition of the optical touch panel.
- the pitch L2 of the photodiodes 16 is large (about 10 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m), the light receiving surface of the photodiodes 16 is widened, so that the sensitivity of the light receiving element 12 can be increased. Thereby, for example, the sensitivity of the optical touch panel can be increased.
- the optical waveguide 11 used in the present invention has a plurality of cores 13 that guide light to the photodiode 16.
- the plurality of cores 13 are arranged in a line at a predetermined pitch.
- the core 13 is normally embedded in the cladding layers 17 and 18.
- the under cladding layer 18 and the over cladding layer 17 are collectively referred to as cladding layers 17 and 18.
- Such an optical waveguide 11 can be obtained, for example, by a polymer optical waveguide manufacturing method described in pages 76 to 81 of “All about Optical Wiring Technology” by Takeshi Shioda, published by Industrial Research Co., Ltd. .
- the core 13 is made of any material having a higher refractive index than the clad layers 17 and 18 and high transparency at the wavelength of propagating light.
- the material forming the core 13 is preferably an ultraviolet curable resin having excellent patterning properties.
- the pitch L1 of the core 13 of the optical waveguide 11 is preferably 10 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 20 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, so long as the relationship between the pitch L1 of the core 13 and the pitch L2 of the photodiode 16 satisfies L1> L2. is there.
- the width W of the core 13 is, for example, 4 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m
- the height H of the core 13 is, for example, 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
- the cladding layers 17 and 18 are made of any material having a refractive index lower than that of the core 13.
- the maximum refractive index difference between the core 13 and the cladding layers 17 and 18 is preferably 0.01 or more, and more preferably 0.02 to 0.2.
- the material for forming the cladding layers 17 and 18 is preferably a thermosetting resin or an ultraviolet curable resin.
- the number of the cores 13 of the optical waveguide 11 is appropriately designed according to the purpose, and is, for example, 50 to 2,000.
- the tip 14 of the core 13 used in the present invention preferably has a lens shape that suppresses the spread of the emitted light 15.
- the tip of the core 13 preferably has a structure shown in FIGS. 3A (plan view) and (b) (cross-sectional view).
- the vicinity of the tip 14 of the core 13 has a shape that expands in a tapered shape toward the light receiving element 12, for example.
- the tip 14 of the core 13 is, for example, a substantially semicircular shape.
- the length L5 of the portion extending in a tapered shape is referred to as a lens length L5.
- the taper angle ⁇ is preferably 0.3 ° to 5 °.
- the lens length L5 is preferably 100 ⁇ m to 1,000 ⁇ m.
- the radius of curvature R of the substantially semicircular portion of the core tip 14 is preferably 2 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m.
- the optical waveguide device 10 of the present invention has a lens shape in which the tip 14 of the core 13 suppresses the spread of the emitted light 15. Therefore, compared with an optical waveguide device that does not have a lens at the tip of the core, the light transmission efficiency from the core 13 to the photodiode 16 is good and the light receiving sensitivity is high.
- a clad layer forming varnish was applied to the surface of a polyethylene naphthalate film having a thickness of 188 ⁇ m. It was then irradiated 1,000 mJ / cm 2 ultraviolet radiation. Then, it heat-processed for 5 minutes at 80 degreeC. Thereby, an under cladding layer 18 having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m was formed. The refractive index of the under cladding layer 18 at a wavelength of 830 nm was 1.510.
- a core-forming varnish was applied to the surface of the underclad layer 18. Next, it heat-processed for 5 minutes at 100 degreeC, and formed the core layer. Next, a photomask was put on the core layer with a gap of 100 ⁇ m, and ultraviolet rays were irradiated at 2500 mJ / cm 2 . Furthermore, it heat-processed for 10 minutes at 100 degreeC.
- the UV-irradiated portion of the core layer was dissolved and removed with an aqueous ⁇ (gamma) -butyrolactone solution. Thereafter, heat treatment was performed at 120 ° C. for 5 minutes to form a plurality of cores 13.
- the width of the core 13 is 30 ⁇ m
- the height is 50 ⁇ m
- the pitch L1 is 52 ⁇ m.
- the refractive index of the core 13 at a wavelength of 830 nm was 1.592.
- the lens length L5 is 200 ⁇ m
- the taper angle ⁇ is 3.5 °.
- the tip 14 of the core 13 has an aspherical lens shape with a radius of curvature of 20 ⁇ m and a conic constant of ⁇ 1.
- a cladding layer forming varnish was applied to the surface of the under cladding layer 18 so as to embed the core 13.
- ultraviolet rays were irradiated at 2,000 mJ / cm 2 .
- an overcladding layer 17 having a thickness of 1 mm was formed.
- the refractive index of the over cladding layer 17 at a wavelength of 830 nm was 1.510.
- the optical waveguide 11 was produced as described above.
- the optical waveguide 11 and the light receiving element 12 were coupled through a clad layer forming varnish so that the tip 14 of the core 13 was opposed to the photodiode 16.
- the optical waveguide device 10 was produced.
- the distance L3 from the tip 14 of the core 13 of the optical waveguide 11 to the light receiving surface of the photodiode 16 was 300 ⁇ m.
- an optical touch panel having a coordinate input area of 211 mm ⁇ 158 mm was produced.
- the light sensitivity of the optical touch panel was high, and no erroneous touch determination was observed.
- the produced optical waveguide 11 was cut in cross section using a dicer cutting machine (DAD522 manufactured by DISCO). The cut surface was observed and measured using a laser microscope (manufactured by Keyence Corporation) to determine the width W and height H of the core 13.
- the optical waveguide device 10 of the present invention is suitably used for an optical touch panel or an optical wiring board.
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Abstract
Description
(2)本発明の光導波路デバイスでは、フォトダイオードのピッチとコアのピッチの比が0.1~0.8である。
(3)本発明の光導波路デバイスでは、コアの先端と前記フォトダイオードの受光面との距離が200μm~1,000μmである。
(4)本発明の光導波路デバイスでは、フォトダイオードのピッチが2μm~30μmである。
(5)本発明の光導波路デバイスでは、コアのピッチが10μm~200μmである。
(6)本発明の光導波路デバイスでは、コアの先端近傍がテーパー状に広がる形状であり、コアの先端がほぼ半円形である。
(7)本発明の光導波路デバイスでは、コアのテーパー状部分の長さが100μm~1,000μmであり、テーパー角度が0.3°~5°である。
(8)本発明の光導波路デバイスでは、コア先端のほぼ半円形部分の曲率半径が2μm~50μmである。
本発明の光導波路デバイス10は、図1(a)に平面図を、図1(b)に断面図を示すように、光導波路11と受光素子12を備える。光導波路11は、所定のピッチで一列に配列した複数のコア13を備える。各コア13は先端14から光15を出射する。受光素子12は、所定のピッチで一列に配列した複数のフォトダイオード16を備える。フォトダイオード16は、コア13から出射された光15を受光する。
本発明の光導波路デバイス10に用いられる受光素子12は、所定のピッチで一列に配列した複数のフォトダイオード16を有する。この種の受光素子12は、一般にリニアイメージセンサーと言われる。このような受光素子12は、光信号を電気信号に変換するため、光導波路11で受信した光の強度を検出することに用いられる。このような受光素子12としては、CMOSリニアイメージセンサーやCCDリニアイメージセンサーが適している。
本発明に用いられる光導波路11は、フォトダイオード16に光を導く複数のコア13を有する。複数のコア13は、所定のピッチで一列に配列する。コア13は、通常、クラッド層17、18に埋設される。ここでは、アンダークラッド層18とオーバークラッド層17を合わせてクラッド層17、18という。このような光導波路11は、例えば、株式会社工業調査会発行、塩田剛史著「光配線技術のすべて」76ページ~81ページに記載された、高分子光導波路の作製方法により、得ることができる。
・(成分A)脂環骨格を有するエポキシ系紫外線硬化樹脂(アデカ社製EP4080E):100重量部
・(成分B)光酸発生剤(サンアプロ社製CPI-200K):2重量部
以上の2つの成分を混合して、クラッド層形成用ワニスを調製した。
・(成分C)フルオレン骨格を含むエポキシ系紫外線硬化樹脂(大阪ガスケミカル社製オグソールEG):40重量部
・(成分D)フルオレン骨格を含むエポキシ系紫外線硬化樹脂(ナガセケムテックス社製EX-1040):30重量部
・(成分E)1,3,3-トリス(4-(2-(3-オキセタニル))ブトキシフェニル)ブタン:30重量部(特開2007-070320実施例2に準じて合成)
・(成分B)光酸発生剤(サンアプロ社製CPI-200K):1重量部
・乳酸エチル:41重量部
以上の5つの成分を混合して、コア形成用ワニスを調製した。
厚み188μmのポリエチレンナフタレートフィルムの表面に、クラッド層形成用ワニスを塗布した。次に紫外線を1,000mJ/cm2照射した。その後、80℃で5分間加熱処理した。これにより厚み20μmのアンダークラッド層18を形成した。波長830nmにおけるアンダークラッド層18の屈折率は、1.510であった。
1,024個のフォトダイオード16が一列に並んだ受光素子12(CMOSリニアセンサーアレイ、浜松ホトニクス社製s10226、ピッチL2=7.8μm)を準備した。光導波路11と受光素子12を、コア13の先端14がフォトダイオード16に対向するように、クラッド層形成用ワニスを介して結合した。このようにして光導波路デバイス10を作製した。
[屈折率]
クラッド層形成用ワニスおよびコア形成用ワニスを、それぞれシリコンウェハ上にスピンコートにより成膜して、屈折率測定用フィルムを作製した。これらのフィルムの屈折率を、プリズムカプラー(サイロン社製SPA-400)を用いて測定した。
作製した光導波路11を、ダイサー式切断機(DISCO社製DAD522)を用いて断面切断した。切断面をレーザー顕微鏡(キーエンス社製)を用いて観察測定して、コア13の幅W、高さHを求めた。
マイクロスコープ(キーエンス社製)にて撮影した写真から、コア13のピッチL1、フォトダイオード16のピッチL2、コア13の先端14とフォトダイオード16の受光面との距離L3を求めた。
Claims (8)
- 先端から出射光を出射する複数のコアを有する光導波路と、
前記出射光を受光する複数のフォトダイオードを有する受光素子とを含む光導波路デバイスであって、
前記コアおよび前記フォトダイオードは各々所定のピッチで配列し、
前記コアのピッチは前記フォトダイオードのピッチよりも大きく、
前記各コアについて、当該コアの出射光のみが入射する前記フォトダイオードが存在する光導波路デバイス。 - 前記フォトダイオードのピッチと前記コアのピッチの比が0.1~0.8である、請求項1に記載の光導波路デバイス。
- 前記コアの先端と前記フォトダイオードの受光面との距離が200μm~1,000μmである、請求項1または2に記載の光導波路デバイス。
- 前記フォトダイオードのピッチが2μm~30μmである、請求項1または2に記載の光導波路デバイス。
- 前記コアのピッチが10μm~200μmである、請求項1または2に記載の光導波路デバイス。
- 前記コアの先端近傍がテーパー状に広がる形状で、前記コアの先端がほぼ半円形である、請求項1または2に記載の光導波路デバイス。
- 前記コアのテーパー状部分の長さが100μm~1,000μmであり、テーパー角度が0.3°~5°である、請求項6に記載の光導波路デバイス。
- 前記コア先端のほぼ半円形部分の曲率半径が2μm~50μmである、請求項6に記載の光導波路デバイス。
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CN201080060211.4A CN102695974B (zh) | 2010-03-09 | 2010-12-27 | 光波导装置 |
US13/583,445 US8664667B2 (en) | 2010-03-09 | 2010-12-27 | Optical waveguide device |
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JPH0921934A (ja) * | 1995-07-07 | 1997-01-21 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 光受信モジュール |
JP2009103902A (ja) * | 2007-10-23 | 2009-05-14 | Nitto Denko Corp | タッチパネル用光導波路およびそれを用いたタッチパネル |
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US5914709A (en) | 1997-03-14 | 1999-06-22 | Poa Sana, Llc | User input device for a computer system |
KR100322579B1 (ko) * | 1998-10-08 | 2002-03-08 | 윤종용 | 광 커넥터 모듈 |
JP2001274528A (ja) * | 2000-01-21 | 2001-10-05 | Fujitsu Ltd | 薄膜デバイスの基板間転写方法 |
JP2002028883A (ja) | 2000-07-14 | 2002-01-29 | Sony Corp | キャリブレーション装置および検査装置 |
JP2002311260A (ja) * | 2001-04-12 | 2002-10-23 | Canon Inc | プラスチック光ファイバ、その作製方法、それを用いた光実装体および光配線装置 |
JP3966157B2 (ja) | 2002-10-25 | 2007-08-29 | 株式会社デンソー | エジェクタ |
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JPH0921934A (ja) * | 1995-07-07 | 1997-01-21 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 光受信モジュール |
JP2009103902A (ja) * | 2007-10-23 | 2009-05-14 | Nitto Denko Corp | タッチパネル用光導波路およびそれを用いたタッチパネル |
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TWI461774B (zh) | 2014-11-21 |
CN102695974B (zh) | 2014-06-25 |
JP5303496B2 (ja) | 2013-10-02 |
US20130001726A1 (en) | 2013-01-03 |
KR101432402B1 (ko) | 2014-08-21 |
JP2011186192A (ja) | 2011-09-22 |
US8664667B2 (en) | 2014-03-04 |
CN102695974A (zh) | 2012-09-26 |
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