WO2011110067A1 - 一种基于无线网络的植物组培led光源控制系统 - Google Patents

一种基于无线网络的植物组培led光源控制系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011110067A1
WO2011110067A1 PCT/CN2011/071217 CN2011071217W WO2011110067A1 WO 2011110067 A1 WO2011110067 A1 WO 2011110067A1 CN 2011071217 W CN2011071217 W CN 2011071217W WO 2011110067 A1 WO2011110067 A1 WO 2011110067A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
microprocessor
light source
control
communication interface
control terminal
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PCT/CN2011/071217
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
潘学冬
周泓
李许可
王文海
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杭州汉徽光电科技有限公司
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Priority to US13/583,636 priority Critical patent/US9119265B2/en
Publication of WO2011110067A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011110067A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • H05B47/175—Controlling the light source by remote control
    • H05B47/19—Controlling the light source by remote control via wireless transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/20—Controlling the colour of the light

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wireless network control system, in particular to a plant tissue culture LED light source control system based on a ZIGBEE wireless control network.
  • Plant tissue culture technology has been nearly a hundred years old, and research on the industrialization of important economic plants through tissue culture technology is in the ascendant.
  • tissue light source system no matter what kind of light source is used as the tissue lamp, there must be a set of light source control system, and there are relatively few technologies on the market for the light source control system.
  • Manual switches, relays and other equipment, and switches and relays have mechanical losses. The switching operation of any equipment must be manually implemented. It is impossible to monitor and process the light source system for a full period of time, resulting in insufficient illumination of the plants during the appropriate growth period and poor periodic control.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art described above, and provide a plant tissue culture LED light source control system based on a wireless network, which can centrally control LED light sources in a wide range of venues, so that the LED light source The control becomes intelligent to more efficiently increase the photosynthesis of the light source on the plant and control the growth cycle of the plant.
  • a wireless tissue-based plant tissue culture LED light source control system comprising a main control terminal and a plurality of slave control terminals, wherein the main control terminal includes a first micro Processor, second microprocessor, memory, real time clock, display device, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, serial communication interface, USB communication interface, operation buttons and control software embedded in the dual microprocessor, first micro processing
  • the device is connected to the second microprocessor through the SPI bus
  • the memory is connected to the first microprocessor through the data line
  • the real-time clock, the display device, the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor and the operation button are respectively connected to the second microprocessor through the data line.
  • the serial communication interface and the USB communication interface are disposed on the second microprocessor, and the operations of setting, transmitting, receiving, and the like of the parameters are realized by the cooperation of the control software and the hardware of the dual microprocessor.
  • the slave control terminal includes a third microprocessor, an external expansion memory, a real time clock, a serial communication interface, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an I/O expansion port, and a control software embedded in the third microprocessor.
  • the third microprocessor and the first microprocessor communicate by using ZIGBEE mode, and the external expansion memory, the real-time clock, the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are respectively connected to the third microprocessor through the data line, the serial communication interface and the I/O expansion port.
  • the control software can implement functions such as driving control and receiving of the peripheral hardware circuit of the third microprocessor.
  • the ZIGBEE star mode is used for communication between the master and slave control terminals.
  • the master control terminal broadcasts the call by the unique MAC address pre-programmed from the internal Flash of the control terminal.
  • the terminal will send back an acknowledgement code to the main control terminal, and after receiving the confirmation code information, the first microprocessor transmits the confirmation code information to the second microprocessor for judgment processing and displays the corresponding slave control through the display device.
  • the parameters such as lighting cycle, time, date, temperature limit, humidity limit, etc. are set from the control terminal that has been called. When all the parameters have been set, the second microprocessor passes the SPI.
  • the data bus is transferred to the memory of the first microprocessor for data packet transfer.
  • an end message is first sent to the main control terminal, and then the setting parameters sent by the decompressing main control terminal are executed, and operation commands such as determining, parameter storage, and executing data are performed.
  • the control software of the third microprocessor from the control end can control the light intensity and photoperiod of the light source by calling the data and the line parameters sent from the main control terminal, and can also be different for a certain plant.
  • the corresponding plant growth curve adjustment program for different light quality and photoperiod requirements is stored in the external expansion memory from the control end, so that the plant tissue light source is controlled automatically by the growth curve set by the program. Adjustment.
  • the wireless control network can intelligently operate all aspects of the light source according to the set parameters in the case of unattended value.
  • the intelligent operation of the invention can effectively increase the growth amount and active ingredients of plant growth, solve the problems of high energy consumption and long cycle occurring in plant breeding, and greatly shorten the seedling cultivation cycle.
  • the above-mentioned wireless network-based plant tissue culture LED light source control system uses AVR Mega series single chip microcomputer.
  • the temperature sensor has a built-in temperature detecting circuit and a control circuit
  • the humidity sensor has a built-in humidity detecting circuit and a control circuit.
  • the operation button adopts an A/D conversion type button.
  • the above-mentioned wireless network-based plant tissue culture LED light source control system uses a dot matrix liquid crystal display.
  • the invention aims at the disadvantages of the conventional artificial light source control system in the existing plant growth process, such as poor periodic control, mechanical device wear, strong manual operation, long-term cultivation cycle control, special adjustment, etc., and has the following beneficial effects: Disadvantages of inconvenient wiring in tissue culture room; adopting star wireless control network, only one main control terminal can control multiple slave control terminals to facilitate system expansion; with graphical operation interface, which can facilitate parameter monitoring and setting;
  • the LED light source in a wide range of venues can be centrally controlled, and the control of the LED light source becomes intelligent, and the photosynthesis of the light source to the plant is improved more efficiently, and the growth cycle of the plant is controlled.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the principles of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the main control terminal of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit schematic diagram of a first microprocessor of the main control terminal of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit schematic diagram of a second microprocessor of the main control terminal of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit schematic diagram of a USB communication interface of the main control terminal of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a circuit schematic diagram of the main control terminal temperature sensor of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a circuit schematic diagram of the main control terminal humidity sensor of the present invention.
  • FIG 8 is a circuit diagram of the real-time clock (RTC) of the main control terminal of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a circuit schematic diagram of the A/D conversion type button of the main control terminal of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a circuit schematic diagram of the serial communication interface of the main control terminal of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a flow chart showing the operation of the main control terminal control software of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a flow chart showing the operation of the control software from the control terminal of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention from the control terminal.
  • Figure 14 is a circuit diagram of the third microprocessor of the present invention from the control terminal.
  • Figure 15 is a circuit diagram of the present invention for expanding the memory from the control terminal.
  • FIG. 16 is a circuit diagram of the RTC of the present invention from the control terminal.
  • Figure 17 is a circuit diagram of the serial communication interface from the control terminal of the present invention.
  • Figure 18 is a circuit diagram of the temperature sensor from the control terminal of the present invention.
  • Figure 19 is a circuit schematic diagram of the humidity sensor from the control end of the present invention.
  • Figure 20 is a circuit diagram of the present invention from the control terminal I/O expansion port.
  • the wireless control network system of the present invention adopts ZIGBEE star wireless control technology, and the control platform has strong expandability and can form a large communication application network, and can be freely modified without modification or modification. Extend multiple application nodes.
  • the present invention is mainly composed of a main control terminal (also referred to as a main control terminal) and a slave control terminal (also referred to as a slave controller), and the main control terminal and the slave control terminal adopt a ZIGBEE method. Communication.
  • the main control terminal implements parameter setting, transmission, and reception related parameters.
  • the drive control is implemented from the control end, the setting parameters sent by the main control terminal are received, the judgment is performed, the parameters are stored, and the data command is executed.
  • the main control terminal is controlled by a dual microprocessor, which is composed of a first microprocessor, a second microprocessor, a memory, a real-time clock, a display device, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a serial
  • the communication interface, the USB communication interface, the operation buttons and the control software embedded in the dual microprocessor (the workflow is as shown in FIG. 11)
  • the first microprocessor is connected to the second microprocessor through the SPI bus, and the memory is passed
  • the data line is connected to the first microprocessor, and the real-time clock, the display device, the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor and the operation button are respectively connected to the second microprocessor through the data line, and the serial communication interface and the USB communication interface are set in the second micro processing.
  • the control software and hardware of the dual microprocessor the related operations of parameter setting, transmission, reception, etc. are realized.
  • the first microprocessor of the main control terminal shown in FIG. 3 adopts the CC2430 transceiver control module chip, and the chip integrates 51 cores internally, and can form a plurality of wireless control networks, and serves as a central transceiver station of the star wireless control network. For example, from the control terminal to send the collected temperature, humidity, time and other data to the main control terminal for processing and judgment, then the third microprocessor chip from the control terminal will perform some simple processing on the collected data. Send the application to the wireless control transmit port.
  • the transceiver station of the main control terminal detects the request to transmit data from the control terminal
  • the transceiver station (first microprocessor) of the main control terminal responds to the data transmitted from the application of the control terminal. Receiving, if the response is received, the received data is temporarily stored in the storage of the transceiver station (first microprocessor), and then the data is exchanged with the second microprocessor through the SPI bus. If the application is not responded to, the data will not be received.
  • the execution of the transmission of the main control terminal is similar to this. As shown in FIG.
  • the data to be transmitted is transmitted by the second microprocessor through the SPI bus to the central transceiver station (first microprocessor), and the transceiver station (the first microprocessor)
  • the data to be sent is processed and sent to the transmitting port for transmission.
  • the only difference is that the data sent by the main control terminal must receive and process the data from the receiving end of the control terminal.
  • the second microprocessor of the main control terminal shown in FIG. 4 uses an AVR Mega16 microcontroller.
  • the USB communication interface shown in FIG. 5 can be communicatively processed with a PC. For example, if we do not know what settings we have made in the actual control terminal, which are unnecessary settings, which need to be changed, or when the time and date are found to be in use during use, we can connect to the PC. The machine performs operations such as correction and modification.
  • the humidity sensor is used to collect the environmental humidity in which the plant grows.
  • the humidity sensor uses the CHM-02 sensor, DC. 5V power supply, the output is linear voltage value, high accuracy, long life and so on.
  • the temperature sensor is used to collect the ambient temperature at which the plant grows.
  • the temperature sensor adopts the 18B20 type sensor, and the output is a digital signal. Instead of the traditional analog quantity, the temperature measurement accuracy is high, and the way of communicating with the microprocessor is adopted. Single-line communication requires only one I/O (input/output) port, reducing the amount of I/O port occupied by the second microprocessor.
  • the second microprocessor performs data acquisition on the temperature/humidity sensor and calculates whether it reaches the set temperature value/humidity.
  • the initial temperature set in the control software is 2-28 degrees Celsius, and the initial humidity setting. 80%-90% relative humidity, according to the actual situation, you can modify the parameter value or other types of parameters through the A/D conversion button (see Figure 9).
  • the second microprocessor periodically extracts and detects the data amount/voltage value of each sensor for the temperature/humidity sensor to calculate and judge. If the temperature/humidity setting is detected to be greater or less than the value we originally set, the second microprocessor passes the 25-pin (T) Expansion port)/26 feet (H Expansion Port) Two I/O ports are set to 1 and output high level to drive the peripheral control circuit.
  • the temperature/humidity sensor control port is controlled by the 25-pin/26-pin of the second microprocessor.
  • Two I/O ports when the I/O port outputs a high level (DC 5V) is connected to the base of the NPN polarity transistor through a 1K current limiting resistor.
  • the collector and emitter of the NPN transistor are turned on. Since the collector of the NPN transistor is connected to an external 5V power supply, when the NPN transistor is turned on, Will DC The 5V power supply is transmitted to the emitter of the NPN transistor and the 4-pin connected to the photocoupler.
  • the loop of the photocoupler is connected to the system to form a current loop, which leads to the conduction and re-drive of the pins 1 and 2 of the photocoupler.
  • the high-voltage relay intelligently controls the external temperature/humidity sensor to achieve effective temperature/humidity control. From the above process, we use NPN triode, optocoupler two-stage circuit for high-voltage anti-interference processing to ensure the stability of the circuit system.
  • clock device is connected with the second microprocessor to provide accurate clock control, can use PCF8563 clock chip or other clock chip, preferably PCF8563 clock chip, the chip has high accuracy, hardware and software Mature development.
  • the second microprocessor scans the A/D conversion button, and if the button is in the set time state, the second microprocessor internal
  • the control software can access the state of the RTC chip memory (00H, 01H) address and the program writing and calling of the register, which can accurately register the RTC chip register (08H----02H) year, month, day, hour, minute , seconds setting.
  • RTC Using the interrupt source that comes with the RTC chip itself, when the second microprocessor sets its (0CH-week alarm, 0BH-day alarm, 0AH-hour alarm, 09H-minute alarm) without participating in its internal work, RTC The circuit can accumulate the time itself. Once the accumulated time reaches the set value, the RTC internally generates an interrupt alarm signal, and the interrupt processing information is submitted to the second microprocessor through the I2C data general route interface, when the second microprocessor When processing the request, the second microprocessor will process the interrupt source according to its priority, so that the time and period we set can be accurately controlled.
  • the A/D conversion type button performs A/D scanning on the voltage amount of the button by the second microprocessor, thereby determining and confirming the function button corresponding to the voltage amount. But sometimes the same button, if the operation of the different settings function page, the corresponding function of the button is different. This involves a problem of button multiplexing.
  • the display device is used to display various parameters of the button setting, and adopts a 128x128 black and white dot matrix liquid crystal display LCD, and is connected to the second microprocessor through the total number of SPI data for screen control.
  • the serial communication interface shown in FIG. 10 is used for debugging data input, software expansion, and the like to reserve an expansion port.
  • the chip Preferably adopt MAX 3232 chip, the chip has a wide working voltage value, from 3-5V can be stable and normal operation.
  • the schematic diagram of the slave control terminal shown in FIG. 13 is controlled by a single processor from the control terminal, which is composed of a third microprocessor, an external expansion memory, a real-time clock, a serial communication interface, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and an I/O.
  • the expansion port and the control software embedded in the third microprocessor (the workflow thereof are shown in FIG. 12) are used, and the control software is used to implement the functions of driving control, receiving, and the like on the peripheral hardware circuit of the third microprocessor.
  • the third microprocessor and the first microprocessor communicate by using a ZIGBEE mode, and the external expansion memory, the real-time clock, the temperature sensor, and the humidity sensor are respectively connected to the third microprocessor through the data line, the serial communication interface and the I/O extension.
  • the port is located on the third microprocessor.
  • the third microprocessor from the control end adopts the control chip CC2430 of the same model series as the central transceiver station of the main control terminal, and the control module chip is integrated and integrated with 51 cores, which can form a plurality of wireless control networks.
  • the slave control circuit in addition to serving as the transceiver terminal point of the star wireless control network, it is also the core host processor.
  • the temperature, humidity, time and other data collected from the control terminal are first processed and judged in the third microprocessor. If it is judged that the collected data exceeds the normal value, the third microprocessor simply performs a simple packing process on the data exceeding the normal value and sends it to the wireless register inside the third microprocessor, and then the transmitting port. Transmitting, in order to ensure that the transmitted data is received by the central transceiver station of the main control terminal, this requires the central transceiver station of the main control terminal to send a reception completion confirmation signal to the slave control terminal after receiving the completion data, if the first After the second transmission, the main control terminal does not send back an acknowledgment signal, and then delays one second and then sends it again.
  • the transmission parameter of the time is canceled from the control terminal. If the main control terminal receives the data and sends an acknowledgment signal to the slave control terminal, the transmission is completed, and the communication transmission data is successful. The method by which the main control terminal transmits data to the slave control terminal has been mentioned above and will not be repeated here.
  • the external expansion memory EEPROM in the third microprocessor from the control terminal, in addition to being a transmitter and receiver, the third microprocessor also serves as the main processor, and the program code to be compiled and run.
  • the memory of the third microprocessor itself is basically filled, and in the actual operation, the parameter variables are continuously extracted from the detection circuit from the control terminal for storage, so an extension of the third microprocessor should be extended. Memory to meet the control software's need for access space.
  • the clock device is connected to the third microprocessor for providing accurate clock control, and can utilize the PCF8563 clock chip or other clock chip, preferably using the PCF8563 clock chip.
  • the chip has high accuracy and mature software and hardware development.
  • the RTC can also decompress (write/read) time, date, interrupt alarm, etc. from the data sent from the main control terminal.
  • the internal control software of the third microprocessor can access the state of the RTC chip memory (00H, 01H) address and the program writing and calling of the register, which can accurately register the RTC chip register (08H----02H) , month, day, hour, minute, and second settings.
  • RTC Using the interrupt source provided by the RTC chip itself, when the third microprocessor sets its (0CH-week alarm, 0BH-day alarm, 0AH-hour alarm, 09H-minute alarm) without participating in its internal work, RTC The circuit can accumulate the time itself. Once the accumulated time reaches the set value, the RTC internally generates an interrupt alarm signal, and the interrupt processing information is submitted to the third microprocessor through the I2C data general route interface, when the third microprocessor When the request is processed, the third microprocessor processes the interrupt source according to its priority. When processed, the obtained result will raise the level of the corresponding I/O expansion port to a high level, thereby driving the MOS. The conduction control of the tube or the expansion of the control circuit such that the relay is sucked, so that the illumination and extinguishment of the plant tissue lamp are accurately controlled.
  • the serial communication interface is used to debug data input/output, post-maintenance, software upgrade and other important operations reserved.
  • the chip Preferably adopt MAX 3232 chip, the chip has a wide working voltage value, from 3-5V can be stable and normal operation.
  • the main purpose of adding a pair of temperature/humidity sensors to each control module is to accurately reach a constant temperature, constant humidity plant growth environment for each of the larger tissue culture chambers.
  • the humidity sensor is used to collect the environmental humidity in which the plant grows.
  • the humidity sensor uses the CHM-02 sensor, DC. 5V power supply, the output is linear voltage value, high accuracy, long life and so on.
  • the temperature sensor is used to collect the ambient temperature at which the plant grows.
  • the temperature sensor uses the 18B20 sensor, and the output is a digital signal. Instead of the traditional analog quantity, there is a high temperature measurement accuracy and communication with the third microprocessor. Single-line communication is used, which only takes up one I/O (input/output) port, which reduces the I/O port occupancy of the third microprocessor.
  • the third microprocessor performs data acquisition on the temperature/humidity sensor and calculates whether the set temperature value/humidity amount is reached.
  • the initial temperature of the control software we set the initial temperature of the control software to 23-28 degrees Celsius
  • the humidity is initially set 80%-90% relative humidity, according to the actual situation, the parameter value or other types of parameter settings can be sent through the main control terminal.
  • the third microprocessor periodically extracts and detects the data amount/voltage value of each sensor for the temperature/humidity sensor to calculate and judge. If it is detected that the temperature/humidity setting value is greater or smaller than the value we initially set, the third microprocessor will simply send the data out of the normal value to the wireless inside the third microprocessor.
  • the register is then transmitted by the transmitting port to the main control terminal for judgment processing. If the main control sends an operation command for lowering/warming, adding/decreasing the above-mentioned situation to the slave control terminal, then the slave microprocessor of the control program calls the fifth microprocessor of the third microprocessor (T Expansion port)/8 feet (H Expansion Port) Two I/O ports are set to 1 and output high level to drive the peripheral control circuit. As shown in Figures 18 and 19, the temperature/humidity sensor control port is controlled by the 25-pin/26-pin of the second microprocessor.
  • I/O expansion port because the third microprocessor from the control terminal can not provide multi-channel I / O output port control line to control the peripheral drive circuit, such as: MOS, thyristor, relay and other switching components.
  • the peripheral drive circuit such as: MOS, thyristor, relay and other switching components.
  • PCF8577 Communication mode (PCF8577) I/O port expansion chip
  • the chip can be expanded to 32 I/O ports, and only need to provide DC to the chip 5V voltage and system ground (GND) and 2 I2C control lines can solve the problem of insufficient I/O of the third microprocessor from the control terminal, so that more peripheral control circuit units can be constructed to control the plant tissue lamp. .

Description

一种基于无线网络的植物组培LED光源控制系统 技术领域
本发明涉及无线网络控制系统，具体地说是一种基于ZIGBEE无线控制网络的植物组培LED光源控制系统。
背景技术
植物组织培养技术已有近百年历史，通过组织培养技术实现重要经济植物工厂化生产的研究方兴未艾。在使用植物组培灯光源系统的时候，无论采用何种光源作为组培灯都必须要有一套光源的控制系统，而市场上对光源控制系统这方面的技术相对较少，大部分只采用普通的人工开关、继电器等设备，而且开关与继电器均会有机械性损耗。任何设备的开关操作都要靠人工手动实现，无法对光源系统进行全时间段监控处理，造成植物在适合的生长时间段得不到充足的光照，周期性控制差。
目前我国对有关植物组织培养用人工光源（如白炽灯、日光灯、钠灯、高压汞灯等）改进工作则主要集中在研发较低散热与较高效率的人工光源上，而对人工光源控制系统管理方面的研究与开发相对较少，尤其是比人工光源具有可调整光强、光谱、冷却负荷低、电光转换效率高、体积小、寿命长、使用直流电及可设定特定波长等优点的LED光源，其控制管理系统的研究与开发几乎没有。
 技术解决方案
本发明所要解决的技术问题是克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷，提供一种基于无线网络的植物组培LED光源控制系统，该系统能对大范围场地内的LED光源进行集中控制，使LED光源的控制变得智能化，以更高效的提高光源对植物的光合作用，控制植物的生长周期。
为此，本发明采用以下的技术方案：一种基于无线网络的植物组培LED光源控制系统，包括一主控制端和多个从控制端，其特征在于所述的主控制端包括第一微处理器、第二微处理器、存储器、实时时钟、显示装置、温度传感器、湿度传感器、串行通信接口、USB通信接口、操作按键和嵌入在双微处理器里面的控制软件，第一微处理器通过SPI总线与第二微处理器连接，存储器通过数据线与第一微处理器连接，实时时钟、显示装置、温度传感器、湿度传感器和操作按键分别通过数据线与第二微处理器连接，串行通信接口和USB通信接口设在第二微处理器上，通过双微处理器的控制软件与硬件的相互配合下实现参数的设置、发送、接收等相关的操作。
所述的从控制端包括第三微处理器、外扩存储器、实时时钟、串行通信接口、温度传感器、湿度传感器、I/O扩展口和嵌入在第三微处理器里面的控制软件，第三微处理器与第一微处理器采用ZIGBEE方式进行通信，外扩存储器、实时时钟、温度传感器和湿度传感器分别通过数据线与第三微处理器连接，串行通信接口和I/O扩展口设在第三微处理器上，控制软件能实现对第三微处理器的外围硬件电路进行驱动控制、接收等功能。
主、从控制端之间采用ZIGBEE星形方式进行通信，主控制端通过对每个从控制端内部Flash中我们所预编设定的唯一的MAC地址进行广播呼叫，被广播呼叫到的从控制端将会发送回一个确认编码给主控制端，经过第一微处理器对接收到该确认编码信息后通过SPI数据总线传送到第二微处理器进行判断处理以及通过显示装置显示出相应从控制端的编码、控制模式选项、时间、日期、从控制端周围的温度、湿度等信息。跟据我们的要求，对已呼叫到的从控制端进行亮灯周期、时间、日期、温度限值、湿度限值等参数设置，当一切参数已设置妥当后再由第二微处理器通过SPI数据总线传送到第一微处理器的存储器里面进行数据打包传送。当从控制端第三微处理接收完数据包后也会先发送一个结束信息到主控制端，然后执行解压主控制端发来的设置参数，进行判断、参数存储、执行数据等操作指令。从控制端第三微处理器的控制软件通过对主控制端发来的数据跟行参数调用，可实现对光源的光强与光周期的控制，其中还可以针对某一种植物在不同的生长阶段里对不同的光质、光周期的需求量而设置相对应的植物生长曲线调节程序存储到从控制端的外扩存储器里面，让植物组培灯光源受控于程序所设置的生长曲线进行自动调整。
本发明只要把硬件的相关参数设置好，无线控制网络就可以在无人守值的情况下能按照设定的参数对光源各方面进行智能化操作。本发明的智能化操作可有效地提高植物生长的生长量与有效成分，解决植物繁育中出现的高能耗、周期长等问题，极大的缩短了种苗培育周期。
上述的基于无线网络的植物组培LED光源控制系统，第一微处理器采用CC2430芯片，该芯片内部集成51内核。
上述的基于无线网络的植物组培LED光源控制系统，第二微处理器采用AVR Mega系列单片机。
上述的基于无线网络的植物组培LED光源控制系统，温度传感器内置温度检测电路和控制电路，湿度传感器内置湿度检测电路和控制电路。
上述的基于无线网络的植物组培LED光源控制系统，所述的操作按键采用A/D转换式按键。
上述的基于无线网络的植物组培LED光源控制系统，显示装置采用点阵式液晶显示屏。
 有益效果
本发明针对现有植物生长过程中采用传统人工光源控制系统存在的周期性控制差、有机械器件磨损、依赖人工操作性强、长培育周期控制需要专人调节等不足，具有以下有益效果：解决了组培室布线不方便的缺点；采用星形无线控制网络，只需要一个主控制端就能对多个从控制端进行控制，方便系统扩展；具有图形化操作界面，可方便参数监测与设置；能对大范围场地内的LED光源进行集中控制，LED光源的控制变得智能化，更高效的提高光源对植物的光合作用，控制了植物的生长周期。
附图说明
下面结合说明书附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步说明。
图1是本发明的原理示意图。
图2是本发明主控制端的原理示意图。
图3是本发明主控制端第一微处理器的电路原理图。
图4是本发明主控制端第二微处理器的电路原理图。
图5是本发明主控制端USB通信接口的电路原理图。
图6是本发明主控制端温度传感器的电路原理图。
图7是本发明主控制端湿度传感器的电路原理图。
图8是本发明主控制端实时时钟(RTC)的电路原理图。
图9是本发明主控制端A/D转换式按键的电路原理图。
图10是本发明主控制端串行通信接口的电路原理图。
图11是本发明主控制端控制软件的工作流程图。
图12是本发明从控制端控制软件的工作流程图。
图13是本发明从控制端的原理示意图。
图14是本发明从控制端第三微处理器的电路原理图。
图15是本发明从控制端外扩存储器的电路原理图。
图16是本发明从控制端RTC的电路原理图。
图17是本发明从控制端串行通信接口的电路原理图。
图18是本发明从控制端温度传感器的电路原理图。
图19是本发明从控制端湿度传感器的电路原理图。
图20是本发明从控制端I/O扩展口的电路原理图。
 本发明的实施方式
如图1所示，本发明的无线控制网络系统采用ZIGBEE星形无线控制技术，该控制平台的扩展性强，能组成大型的通信应用网络，在不修改或修改量少的情况下，能随意扩展多个应用节点。从图1中可以看出本发明主要是由主控制端（也被称为主控制端）、从控制端（也被称为从控制器）组成，主控制端与从控制端采用ZIGBEE方式进行通信。主控制端实现参数的设置、发送、接收相关的参数。从控制端实现驱动控制、接收执行主控制端发来的设置参数，进行判断，参数存储，执行数据指令。
如图2所示的主控制端，主控制端采用双微处理器控制，其由第一微处理器、第二微处理器、存储器、实时时钟、显示装置、温度传感器、湿度传感器、串行通信接口、USB通信接口、操作按键和嵌入在双微处理器里面的控制软件(其工作流程如图11所示)组成，第一微处理器通过SPI总线与第二微处理器连接，存储器通过数据线与第一微处理器连接，实时时钟、显示装置、温度传感器、湿度传感器和操作按键分别通过数据线与第二微处理器连接，串行通信接口和USB通信接口设在第二微处理器上，通过双微处理器的控制软件与硬件的相互配合下实现参数的设置、发送、接收等相关的操作。
如图3所示的主控制端的第一微处理器，采用的是CC2430收发控制模块芯片，该芯片内部集成51内核，能构成多种无线控制网络，充当星形无线控制网络的中心收发站。例如：从控制端要将采集到的温度、湿度、时间等数据发送到主控制端里处理、判断，那么从控制端的第三微处理器芯片内部将会对采集到的数据进行一些简单处理后送到无线控制发射端口发射申请。当主控制端的收发站（主控制端第一微处理器）检测到从控制端的申请传送数据命令后，主控制端的收发站（第一微处理器）就会响应从控制端的申请是否对传送的数据进行接收，如果响应接收，则把接收到的数据会暂时存放在收发站（第一微处理器）的储存器里，然后再通过SPI总线跟第二微处理器相互传输交换要数据。如果不响应数据接收申请，则不会对这一数据进行接收。主控制端的发送的执行步骤与此相近，如图11所示，要发送的数据由第二微处理器通过SPI总线传输中心收发站（第一微处理器），收发站（第一微处理器）对要发送的数据进行处理，再送到发射端口发送出去。但唯一不同的是，主控制端所发送的数据，从控制端的接收端必须对数据进行接收处理。
如图4所示的主控制端的第二微处理器，其采用AVR Mega16单片机。
如图5所示的USB通信接口，其可与PC机进行通信处理。比如：我们在使用中有不知道自己在实际中对主控制端进行了哪些设置，哪些是不必要的设置，哪些需要更改的或者在使用中发现时间、日期有误差的，都可以连接上PC机进行校正修改等操作。
湿度传感器用于采集植物生长所处的环境湿度，湿度传感器采用CHM-02型传感器，DC 5V供电，输出的是线性电压值，准确度高，寿命长等优点。温度传感器用于采集植物生长所处的环境温度，温度传感器采用18B20型传感器，输出的为数字信号，而非传统的模拟量，则有温度测量准确度高，与微处理器通信的方式是采用单线通信，只需占用一个I/O（输入/输出）口，减少了对第二微处理器的I/O口的占用量。比如：第二微处理器对温度/湿度传感器进行数据采集、计算是否达到设定的温度值/湿度量，这里我们对控制软件中所设定的初始温度为2-28摄氏度,湿度初始设定80%-90%相对湿度，根据实际情况可以通过A/D转换式按键（见图9）进行修改参数值或其它类型的参数。第二微处理器会定时对温度/湿度传感器进行抽取检测各自传感器的数据量/电压值进行计算、判断。如果检测到温度/湿度的设定值大于或小于我们所初始设定的值时，第二微处理器通过对25脚(T Expansion port)/26脚(H Expansion port)两个I/O口置1,输出高电平，从而驱动外围控制电路，如图6、7所示，温度/湿度传感器控制口受控于第二微处理器的25脚/26脚两个I/O口，当I/O口输出的是高电平（DC 5V）经过1K的限流电阻连接到NPN极性的三极管的基极，NPN三极管的集电极与发射极导通，由于NPN三极管的集电极接通一个外部5V电源，当NPN三极管导通时也会将DC 5V电源传送到NPN三极管的发射极与光电耦合器相连的4脚，经光电耦合器的3脚通过接系统地形成电流的环路，带动光电耦合器的1、2两脚的导通再驱动高压继电器对外部的温度/湿度传感器等进行智能控制，从而达到温度/湿度的有效控制。从上述的流程中，我们采用NPN三极管，光电耦合器两级电路的对高压抗干扰处理，确保了电路系统的稳定性。
如图8所示的 RTC实时时钟电路原理图，时钟装置与第二微处理器连接，用于提供精确的时钟控制，可利用PCF8563时钟芯片或者其他时钟芯片，优选采用PCF8563时钟芯片，该芯片具有准确度高、软硬件开发成熟。RTC电路除了能帮助第二微处理器从休眠的低功耗状态唤醒，第二微处理器通过对A/D转换式按键的扫描处理，如果按键处于设定时间状态，第二微处理器内部的控制软件即可对RTC芯片内存（00H，01H）地址的状态访问以及寄存器的程序编写、调用,可以准确地对RTC芯片寄存器（08H----02H）年、月、日、时、分、秒的设定。利用RTC芯片本身自带的中断源，在第二微处理器对其（0CH-星期报警、0BH-日报警、0AH-小时报警、09H-分钟报警）的设置而不参与其内部工作时，RTC电路能自身对时间进行累加计算，一旦累加的时间到达设定值的时候，RTC内部产生中断报警信号，通过I2C数据总路线接口向第二微处理器提交中断处理信息，当第二微处理器的处理请求时第二微处理器会根据中断源的优先级对其进行处理，使我们所设定的时间、周期能得到准确的控制。
如图9所示的A/D转换式按键，通过第二微处理器对按键的电压量进行A/D扫描，从而判断、确认该电压量对应的功能按键。但有时候同一个按键，如果在不同的设置功能页面的操作的时候，该按键所对应的功能是不同。这涉及到一个按键复用的问题。
显示装置用于显示按键设定的各种参数，采用128x128的黑白点阵式液晶显示屏LCD，通过SPI数据总数连接上第二微处理器进行刷屏控制。
如图10所示的串行通信接口，用于调试数据的输入，软件升级等操作预留的扩展口。优选采用MAX 3232芯片，该芯片具有较宽的工作电压值，从3-5V均可以稳定正常工作。
如图13所示的从控制端的原理示意图，从控制端采用单处理器控制，其由第三微处理器、外扩存储器、实时时钟、串行通信接口、温度传感器、湿度传感器、I/O扩展口和嵌入在第三微处理器里面的控制软件(其工作流程如图12所示)组成，控制软件用于实现对第三微处理器的外围硬件电路进行驱动控制、接收等功能操作。第三微处理器与第一微处理器采用ZIGBEE方式进行通信，外扩存储器、实时时钟、温度传感器和湿度传感器分别通过数据线与第三微处理器连接，串行通信接口和I/O扩展口设在第三微处理器上。
如图14所示的从控制端的第三微处理器，其采用与主控制端的中心收发站同一型号系列的控制芯片CC2430收发控制模块芯片，该芯片内部集成51内核，能构成多种无线控制网络，在从控制端电路中是除了充当星形无线控制网络的收发终端点外，还是核心主处理器。
例如：从控制端将采集到的温度、湿度、时间等数据先在第三微处理器里对所有数据进行处理、判断。如果对采集到的数据判断出有超出正常数值的，那么第三微处理器就会把超出正常数值的数据进行简单的打包处理送到第三微处理器内部的无线寄存器里面，然后由发送端口发射出去，为了确保发送出的数据是否被主控制端的中心收发站接收到，这就要求主控制端的中心收发站在接收完成数据后，再往从控制端发送一个接收完成确认信号，如果第一次发送出去后，主控制端没有往回发确认信号，则会延迟一秒后再发送一次，如果第二次也没有得到主控制端的接收，则从控制端取消该次的发送参数。如果主控制端接收完数据后往从控制端发送确认信号，传送完成，该次通信传输数据成功。而主控制端向从控制端传送数据的方法在前面已提到，这里就不再重复。
如图15所示的外扩存储器EEPROM，在从控制端的第三微处理器中，第三微处理器除了作为一个发射与接收器之外，还要担任主处理器，所要编译运行的程序代码把第三微处理器自身所带的储存器基本放满，而在实际运行时从控制端还会不断地从检测电路里提取参数变量进行储存，故应该为第三微处理器扩展一个外扩存储器，以满足控制软件对存取空间的需求。
如图16所示的从控制端RTC时钟电路原理图，时钟装置与第三微处理器连接，用于提供精确的时钟控制，可利用PCF8563时钟芯片或者其他时钟芯片，优选采用PCF8563时钟芯片，该芯片具有准确度高、软硬件开发成熟。RTC电路除了能帮助第三微处理器从休眠的低功耗状态唤醒，第三微处理器还可通过从主控制端发送过来的数据里解压出（写/读）时间、日期、中断报警等信息，第三微处理器内部的控制软件即可对RTC芯片内存（00H，01H）地址的状态访问以及寄存器的程序编写、调用,可以准确地对RTC芯片寄存器（08H----02H）年、月、日、时、分、秒的设定。利用RTC芯片本身自带的中断源，在第三微处理器对其（0CH-星期报警、0BH-日报警、0AH-小时报警、09H-分钟报警）的设置而不参与其内部工作时，RTC电路能自身对时间进行累加计算，一旦累加的时间到达设定值的时候，RTC内部产生中断报警信号，通过I2C数据总路线接口向第三微处理器提交中断处理信息，当第三微处理器的处理请求时第三微处理器会根据中断源的优先级对其进行处理，当处理后得到的得到的结果会把对应的I/O扩展口的电平拉高为高电平，从而驱动MOS管的导通或者使继电器吸合等扩展控制电路，使植物组培灯的亮、灭等得到准确的控制。
如图17所示的串行通信接口，用于调试数据的输入/出、后期的维护、软件升级等重要操作预留的扩展口。优选采用MAX 3232芯片，该芯片具有较宽的工作电压值，从3-5V均可以稳定正常工作。
在每个控制模块里增加一对温度/湿度传感器的主要目的是为能准确地对面积较大的组培室里的每一处都能达恒温、恒湿的植物生长环境。
湿度传感器用于采集植物生长所处的环境湿度，湿度传感器采用CHM-02型传感器，DC 5V供电，输出的是线性电压值，准确度高，寿命长等优点。
温度传感器用于采集植物生长所处的环境温度，温度传感器采用18B20型传感器，输出的为数字信号，而非传统的模拟量，则有温度测量准确度高，与第三微处理器通信的方式是采用单线通信，只需占用一个I/O（输入/输出）口，减少了对第三微处理器的I/O口的占用量。
比如：第三微处理器对温度/湿度传感器进行数据采集、计算是否达到设定的温度值/湿度量。这里我们对控制软件中所设定的初始温度为23-28摄氏度,湿度初始设定80%-90%相对湿度，根据实际情况可以通过主控制端发送下来参数值或其它类型的参数的设置。第三微处理器会定时对温度/湿度传感器进行抽取检测各自传感器的数据量/电压值进行计算、判断。如果检测到温度/湿度的设定值大于或小于我们所初始设定的值时，第三微处理器就会把超出正常数值的数据进行简单的打包处理送到第三微处理器内部的无线寄存器里面，然后由发送端口发射传送到主控制端进行判断处理。如果主控制对上述情况作出降/升温、加/减湿的操作指令发送到从控制端，那么从控制的微处理器对调用等程序对第三微处理器的5脚(T Expansion port)/8脚(H Expansion port)两个I/O口置1，输出高电平，从而驱动外围控制电路，如图18、19所示，温度/湿度传感器控制口受控于第二微处理器的25脚/26脚两个I/O口，当I/O口输出的是高电平（DC 5V）经过1K的限流电阻连接到NPN极性的三极管的基极，NPN三极管的集电极与发射极导通，由于NPN三极管的集电极接通一个外部5V电源，当NPN三极管导通时也会将DC 5V电源传送到NPN三极管的发射极与光电耦合器相连的4脚，经光电耦合器的3脚通过接系统地形成电流的环路，带动光电耦合器的1、2两脚的导通再驱动高压继电器对外部的温度/湿度控制设备等进行智能控制，从而达到温度/湿度的有效控制。从上述的流程中，我们采用NPN三极管，光电耦合器两级电路的对高压抗干扰处理，确保了我们电路系统的稳定性。
如图20的 I/O扩展口，由于从控制端的第三微处理器无法提供多路I/O输出口控制线来控制外围的驱动电路，如：MOS、可控硅、继电器等开关元器件。一旦该系统在对多路组培灯控制时，第三微处理器的控制能力就显得有点力不从心的了，控制器的优越的控制性能也就体现不出，为了解决这个瓶颈，采用了I2C的通信的方式的（PCF8577）I/O口扩展芯片，该芯片最可扩展到32只I/O口，而且只需向芯片提供DC 5V电压与系统地（GND）以及2根I2C控制线即可解决从控制端的第三微处理器的I/O不足的问题，从而能构建更多的外围控制电路单元对植物组培灯的控制。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种基于无线网络的植物组培LED光源控制系统，包括一主控制端和多个从控制端，其特征在于所述的主控制端包括第一微处理器、第二微处理器、存储器、实时时钟、显示装置、温度传感器、湿度传感器、串行通信接口、USB通信接口、操作按键和嵌入在双微处理器里面的控制软件，第一微处理器通过SPI总线与第二微处理器连接，存储器通过数据线与第一微处理器连接，实时时钟、显示装置、温度传感器、湿度传感器和操作按键分别通过数据线与第二微处理器连接，串行通信接口和USB通信接口设在第二微处理器上；
    所述的从控制端包括第三微处理器、外扩存储器、实时时钟、串行通信接口、温度传感器、湿度传感器、I/O扩展口和嵌入在第三微处理器里面的控制软件，第三微处理器与第一微处理器采用ZIGBEE方式进行通信，外扩存储器、实时时钟、温度传感器和湿度传感器分别通过数据线与第三微处理器连接，串行通信接口和I/O扩展口设在第三微处理器上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于无线网络的植物组培LED光源控制系统，其特征在于第一微处理器采用CC2430芯片，该芯片内部集成51内核。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的基于无线网络的植物组培LED光源控制系统，其特征在于第二微处理器采用AVR Mega系列单片机。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的基于无线网络的植物组培LED光源控制系统，其特征在于温度传感器内置温度检测电路和控制电路，湿度传感器内置湿度检测电路和控制电路。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的基于无线网络的植物组培LED光源控制系统，其特征在于所述的操作按键采用A/D转换式按键。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的基于无线网络的植物组培LED光源控制系统，其特征在于所述的显示装置采用点阵式液晶显示屏。
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