WO2011105776A2 - Émetteur de signal de radiodiffusion, récepteur de signal de radiodiffusion, et procédé d'émission-réception de signal de radiodiffusion utilisant ceux-ci - Google Patents

Émetteur de signal de radiodiffusion, récepteur de signal de radiodiffusion, et procédé d'émission-réception de signal de radiodiffusion utilisant ceux-ci Download PDF

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WO2011105776A2
WO2011105776A2 PCT/KR2011/001218 KR2011001218W WO2011105776A2 WO 2011105776 A2 WO2011105776 A2 WO 2011105776A2 KR 2011001218 W KR2011001218 W KR 2011001218W WO 2011105776 A2 WO2011105776 A2 WO 2011105776A2
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Prior art keywords
plp
data
information
signaling information
mimo
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PCT/KR2011/001218
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
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WO2011105776A3 (fr
Inventor
고우석
문상철
홍호택
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엘지전자 주식회사
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Publication of WO2011105776A2 publication Critical patent/WO2011105776A2/fr
Publication of WO2011105776A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011105776A3/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
    • H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
    • H04L27/3405—Modifications of the signal space to increase the efficiency of transmission, e.g. reduction of the bit error rate, bandwidth, or average power
    • H04L27/3416—Modifications of the signal space to increase the efficiency of transmission, e.g. reduction of the bit error rate, bandwidth, or average power in which the information is carried by both the individual signal points and the subset to which the individual points belong, e.g. using coset coding, lattice coding, or related schemes
    • H04L27/3427—Modifications of the signal space to increase the efficiency of transmission, e.g. reduction of the bit error rate, bandwidth, or average power in which the information is carried by both the individual signal points and the subset to which the individual points belong, e.g. using coset coding, lattice coding, or related schemes in which the constellation is the n - fold Cartesian product of a single underlying two-dimensional constellation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0072—Error control for data other than payload data, e.g. control data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0014—Three-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0023—Time-frequency-space
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0044—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path allocation of payload
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H04L5/005—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver of common pilots, i.e. pilots destined for multiple users or terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0058—Allocation criteria
    • H04L5/006—Quality of the received signal, e.g. BER, SNR, water filling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a broadcast signal transmitting apparatus for transmitting a broadcast signal, a broadcast signal receiving apparatus for receiving a broadcast signal, and a method for transmitting and receiving broadcast signals, and more particularly, an apparatus for transmitting and receiving a mobile broadcast signal; It is about a method.
  • the digital broadcast signal may include a larger amount of video / audio data than the analog broadcast signal, and may include various additional data in addition to the video / audio data.
  • the digital broadcasting system for digital broadcasting may provide HD (High Definition) level images, multi-channel sound, and various additional services.
  • HD High Definition
  • data transmission efficiency for high-capacity data transmission, robustness of the transmission / reception network, and flexibility of the network considering mobile reception equipment still need to be improved.
  • an object of the present invention is to transmit and receive a broadcast signal transmitter, a broadcast signal receiver, and an additional broadcast signal that can transmit and receive additional broadcast signals without securing additional frequencies using RF signals of the existing broadcast system. To provide a method.
  • Another object of the present invention is to transmit and receive a broadcast signal transmitter, a broadcast signal receiver, and a mobile broadcast signal that can transmit and receive a mobile broadcast signal without additional frequency by using an RF signal of a conventional broadcast system. To provide a method.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a broadcast signal transmission apparatus for signaling signaling information required for serving a broadcast signal, a broadcast signal reception apparatus, and a method for transmitting and receiving broadcast signals.
  • a plurality of PLPs are generated by dividing an input stream including a broadcast service into a plurality of components based on a packet identifier, Generating first and second signaling information signaled with signaling information for identifying a signal; one of the plurality of PLPs includes a program number corresponding to the broadcast service and program map table information signaled with identification information of each PLP; Performing a FEC encoding on the plurality of PLPs and the first and second signaling information, and generating a transmission frame including the plurality of FEC-encoded PLPs and the first and second signaling information.
  • the first signaling information may include PLP group identification information for identifying a PLP group including the plurality of PLPs and PLP identification information for identifying each PLP.
  • the second signaling information may include base PLP identification information for identifying the base PLP and service identification information for identifying the broadcast service.
  • the present invention allows the transmitter to generate and transmit a PLP for each component constituting a service, and the receiver can identify and decode a PLP received for each component. By doing so, it is possible to flexibly respond to the mobile broadcasting communication environment.
  • one component is divided into a component of a base layer and a component of at least one enhancement layer and transmitted, and the receiver decodes only the components of the base layer to provide an image of basic quality or A component of at least one enhancement layer may be decoded to provide a higher quality image. By doing so, it is possible to provide a variety of image quality according to the characteristics of the receiver.
  • the present invention demuxes data at the transmitting side and muxes at the receiving side so that an optimal performance can be obtained when applying a lower code rate LDPC codeword to a broadcast / communication system. By doing so, it is possible to obtain an optimal LDPC error correction performance even at a lower code rate for services in a weaker signal such as a mobile service or an indoor area. In particular, the present invention can obtain improved robustness while securing commonality with existing broadcasting / communication systems.
  • the present invention can increase the data transmission efficiency and increase the robustness (Robustness) of transmitting and receiving broadcast signals by using the MIMO system.
  • the present invention it is possible to provide a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a broadcast signal capable of receiving a digital broadcast signal without error even in a mobile reception device or an indoor environment.
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing an embodiment of a super frame structure according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a view showing the structure of a signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of a PLP-based signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 4A is a diagram illustrating an example of a P1 symbol structure according to the present invention.
  • 4B is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the P1 symbol generator according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an embodiment of a structure of a P1 symbol and an AP1 symbol according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a broadcast signal transmission apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating an input pre-processor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 8A and 8B illustrate an example of configuring a PLP in component units in an input pre-processor according to the present invention.
  • 9 (a) and 9 (b) illustrate another example of configuring a PLP in component units in an input processor according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a preprocessing method of a broadcast signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating an input pre-processor according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 12 (a) and 12 (b) show another example of configuring a PLP in component units in an input pre-processor according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a preprocessing method of a broadcast signal according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating an input processor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 15 is a block diagram illustrating a mode adaptation module of an input processor according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 16 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a stream adaptation module of an input processor according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a BICM module according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a frame builder according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of an OFDM generation according to the present invention.
  • 20A to 20E illustrate an output order of bit-cell demux according to each code rate when the LDPC block length is 16800 and the modulation format to be used for symbol mapping is 256QAM.
  • FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating a mapping relationship between an input bit and an output bit of a bit-cell demux according to the demux type of FIG. 20.
  • 22A to 22C show another embodiment of output order of bit-cell demux according to each code rate when the LDPC block length is 16800 and the modulation format to be used for symbol mapping is 256QAM.
  • FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating a mapping relationship between an input bit and an output bit of a bit-cell demux according to the demux type of FIG. 22.
  • 24A to 24C show another embodiment of output order of bit-cell demux according to each code rate when the LDPC block length is 16800 and the modulation format to be used for symbol mapping is 256QAM.
  • 26A and 26B illustrate an output sequence of bit-cell demux according to each code rate when the LDPC block length is 16800 and the modulation format to be used for symbol mapping is 16QAM.
  • FIG. 27 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a broadcast signal receiving apparatus according to the present invention.
  • 28 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an OFDM demodulator according to the present invention.
  • 29 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a P1 symbol detector according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 30 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of an AP1 symbol detector according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 31 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a frame demapper according to the present invention.
  • 32 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a BICM decoder according to the present invention.
  • 33 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of an output processor according to the present invention.
  • 34 is a block diagram illustrating another embodiment of an output processor according to the present invention.
  • 35 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the broadcast signal receiving apparatus according to the present invention.
  • 36 is a block diagram illustrating still another embodiment of the broadcast signal receiving apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 37 is a view showing an embodiment of a process of receiving a PLP suitable for a purpose of a receiver according to a broadcasting system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 39 is a diagram showing a MIMO transmission system and a broadcast signal transmission method using SVC according to another embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 40 is a diagram showing a MIMO transmission system and a broadcast signal transmission method using SVC according to another embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 41 illustrate embodiments of a signal frame for data transmission between the base station and the enhancement layer according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 42 is a block diagram illustrating still another embodiment of the broadcast signal transmission apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 43 is a block diagram illustrating still another embodiment of the broadcast signal receiving apparatus according to the present invention.
  • 45 illustrates an embodiment of a syntax structure of AP1 signaling information according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 47 illustrates an embodiment of a syntax structure of configurable L1-post signaling information according to the present invention.
  • 49 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a correlation between a service and a PLP group according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • 50 illustrates an embodiment of a syntax structure of a delivery system descriptor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • 51 is a flowchart illustrating a service scan method of a receiver according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 52 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a correlation between a service and a PLP group according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • 53 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a syntax structure of a component ID descriptor according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • 54 is a flowchart illustrating a service scan method of a receiver according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • 55 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a correlation between a service and a PLP according to a third embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 56 illustrates an embodiment of a syntax structure of a delivery system descriptor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 57 illustrates an embodiment of a syntax structure of a component ID descriptor according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 58 is a view showing one embodiment of a PLP_PROFILE field according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 59 is a flowchart illustrating a service scan method of a receiver according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • 60 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a correlation between a service and a PLP according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention
  • 61 is a view showing an embodiment of IP / MAC_location_descriptor according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 62 is a flowchart illustrating a service scan method of a receiver according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • 63 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a method of transmitting a broadcast signal according to the present invention.
  • the present invention provides an apparatus and method for transmitting and receiving an additional broadcast signal while sharing an RF frequency band with a conventional terrestrial broadcasting system (or T2 system) such as DVB-T2.
  • the additional broadcast signal may be an extended (or enhanced) broadcast signal and / or a mobile broadcast signal.
  • an additional broadcast signal is processed and transmitted in a non-MIMO (Multi Input Multi Output) method or a MIMO method.
  • the non-MIMO method corresponds to a multi-input single output (MISO), single-input single output (SISO) method, and the like.
  • multiple antennas of MISO or MIMO may be described with two antennas as an example for convenience of description, but the description of the present invention may be applied to a system using two or more antennas.
  • the super frame may be composed of a plurality of frames, and frames belonging to one super frame may be transmitted by the same transmission scheme.
  • the super frame according to an embodiment of the present invention may be composed of a plurality of T2 frames (also referred to as terrestrial broadcast frames) and a plurality of non-T2 frames for additional broadcast signals.
  • the non-T2 frame may include a Future Extension Frame (FEF) part provided in a conventional T2 system.
  • FEF parts are not contiguous and can be inserted between T2 frames.
  • the additional broadcast signal may be included in the T2 frame or the FEF part and transmitted.
  • the FEF part and the FEF are used interchangeably.
  • the FEF at this time will be referred to as a Next Generation Handheld (NGH) frame.
  • NGH Next Generation Handheld
  • the present invention may divide and transmit a video component into a plurality of video components among components constituting a broadcast service.
  • the video component may be separated into a base video component and an extended video component and transmitted.
  • the basic video component transmits in a non-MIMO scheme to enhance transmission stability
  • the extended video component transmits in a MIMO scheme to provide improved throughput
  • the base video component is referred to as a video component of a base layer
  • the extended video component is referred to as a video component of an enhancement layer
  • the present invention uses the video component of the base layer mixed with the video data of the base layer (or the data of the base layer) for convenience of description
  • the video component of the enhancement layer is video data (or enhancement) of the enhancement layer. The data of the layer)).
  • video data is encoded in a scalable video coding (SVC) scheme to be divided into video data of a base layer and video data of an enhancement layer.
  • SVC scalable video coding
  • the SVC scheme is an embodiment and may use any video coding method with scalability.
  • the data of the base layer is data for the image of the basic quality, it is strong in the communication environment, but the quality of the image is low, and the enhancement layer data can provide a high quality image as additional data for the image of the higher quality. It is a characteristic that is somewhat vulnerable to the environment.
  • the video data for terrestrial broadcasting may be divided into data of the base layer and data of the enhancement layer, and video data for the mobile broadcasting is enhanced with data of the base layer in order to flexibly correspond to the mobile broadcasting communication environment. It may be divided into data of a layer.
  • the receiver may decode only the video data of the base layer to provide an image having a basic quality, or may provide a higher quality image by decoding both the base layer video data and the enhancement layer video data.
  • video data of an enhancement layer is transmitted through an FEF
  • data of a base layer is transmitted through a T2 frame and / or an FEF.
  • the audio component may include an audio component of a base layer for providing basic sound, such as 2 channels or 2.1 channel, and an audio component of an enhancement layer for providing additional sound, such as 5.1 channel or MPEG-Surround. have.
  • the signal frame indicates one of a T2 frame, an FEF for transmitting a mobile broadcast signal (ie, an NGH frame), a T2 frame for transmitting video data of a base layer, and an FEF for transmitting video data of an enhancement layer.
  • a mobile broadcast signal ie, an NGH frame
  • a T2 frame for transmitting video data of a base layer
  • an FEF for transmitting video data of an enhancement layer.
  • the signal frame and the transmission frame have the same meaning.
  • a physical layer pipe is a unit of data (or stream) that can be identified in a physical layer.
  • the PLP may be viewed as a physical layer time division multiplex (TDM) channel carrying one or a plurality of services. That is, each service can be transmitted and received through multiple RF channels, where the PLP is the path through which this service is transmitted or the stream transmitted through that path.
  • the PLP may be located in slots that are distributed at time intervals on a plurality of RF channels, or may be distributed at time intervals on one RF channel. Therefore, the signal frame may transmit a PLP distributed in time on at least one RF channel. In other words, one PLP may be transmitted distributed in time in one RF channel or multiple RF channels.
  • one service may be transmitted to one PLP, or components constituting one service may be divided and transmitted to different PLPs. If the service components constituting one service are separated and transmitted to different PLPs, the receiver collects a plurality of components and combines them into one service. In the present invention, the service component and the component are used in the same sense.
  • the signal frame includes a P1 signaling information region (region or part), an L1 signaling information region, and a PLP region.
  • the P1 signaling information region is allocated first in the corresponding signal frame, followed by the L1 signaling information region and then the PLP region.
  • L1 signaling information only information included in the L1 signaling information region may be referred to as L1 signaling information, and both signaling information included in the P1 signaling information region and signaling information included in the L1 signaling region may be referred to as L1 signaling information.
  • the P1 signaling information transmitted to the P1 signaling information region is used to detect a signal frame and includes information for identifying the preamble itself.
  • the L1 signaling information includes L1-pre signaling information and L1-post signaling information.
  • the L1-pre signaling information includes information necessary for the receiver to receive and decode the L1-post signaling information.
  • the L1-post signaling information includes parameters required for the receiver to access the PLP.
  • the L1-post signaling information again includes configurable L1-post signaling information, dynamic L1-post signaling information, extension L1-post signaling information, CRC information, and includes L1 padding data. It may further include.
  • the configurable L1-post signaling information and the L1-post configurable signaling information are used synonymously.
  • the dynamic L1-post signaling information and the L1-post dynamic signaling information are used in the same meaning.
  • the PLP region includes at least one common PLP and at least one data PLP.
  • the common PLP includes PSI / SI (Program and System Information / Signaling Information).
  • the common PLP may include network information such as network information table (NIT) or PLP information, service description table (SDT), event information table (EIT), and program map table (PMT) / PAT ( Service information, such as a Program Association Table). Service information such as SDT and PMT / PAT may be included in the data PLP and transmitted according to the designer's intention.
  • the PAT is special information transmitted by a packet having a PID of '0' and includes PID information of a PMT and PID information of a NIT.
  • the PMT includes a program identification number and PID information of a TS packet to which individual bit streams such as video and audio constituting a program (or service) are transmitted, and PID information to which a PCR is delivered.
  • the NIT includes information of an actual transmission network (ie, a physical network).
  • the EIT includes information about the event (or program or service) (eg, title, start time, etc.).
  • the SDT includes information describing a service, such as a service name or a service provider.
  • the common PLP may include an IP information table such as an INT (IP / MAC notification table).
  • IP information table such as an INT (IP / MAC notification table).
  • information included in the common PLP may be referred to as L2 signaling information.
  • the L1 signaling information includes information necessary for processing a PLP in a signal frame in the broadcast signal receiver
  • the L2 signaling information includes information that can be commonly applied to a plurality of PLPs. Therefore, the broadcast signal receiver may obtain information about the structure and frame configuration of the PLPs included in the signal frame by decoding the L1 signaling information area by using the P1 signaling information included in the P1 signaling information area. In particular, the broadcast signal receiver may know through which PLP each service component included in a service is transmitted through L1 signaling information and / or L2 signaling information.
  • the BICM module of the broadcast signal transmitter may transmit L1 / L2 signaling information by encoding signaling information related to a broadcast service so that the broadcast signal receiver can decode the broadcast signal receiver.
  • the BICM decoder of the broadcast signal receiver may decode L1 / L2 signaling information.
  • the broadcast signal receiver may recognize and apply information on service components while receiving a signal frame.
  • the size of the L1 signaling information region is limited, the amount of information on service components that can be transmitted by the broadcast signal transmitter may also be limited. Accordingly, the L1 signaling information region is suitable for receiving information on a component of a service and receiving information on a signal frame at a broadcast signal receiver and transmitting information applicable to the broadcast signal receiver.
  • the broadcast signal receiver may obtain information about the service components after decoding of the L2 signaling information is completed. Therefore, while receiving a signal frame, the broadcast signal receiver cannot grasp or change information on components of a service. However, since the size of the region for transmitting the L2 signaling information is larger than the size of the L1 signaling information region, data for a plurality of service components may be transmitted. Therefore, L2 signaling information is suitable for transmitting general information about service components.
  • the L1 signaling information and the L2 signaling information are used together. That is, the L1 signaling information may include information that can be changed at the same time of receiving a signal frame at the PLP level, such as high mobile performance and high-speed data communication characteristics, or information of service components that can be changed at any time during broadcast signal transmission.
  • the L2 signaling information may include general information about channel reception and information on service components included in the service.
  • the data PLP included in the signal frame may include audio, video, and data TS streams, and PSI / SI information such as a program association table (PAT) and a program map table (PMT).
  • the data PLP may include a Type1 data PLP transmitted by one sub slice per signal frame and a Type2 data PLP transmitted by a plurality of sub slices.
  • the present invention will refer to the P data PLPs as PLP1 to PLPp. That is, PSI / SI information such as audio, video and data streams and PAT / PMT are transmitted through PLP1 to PLPp.
  • the data PLPs of FIG. 2 are examples of displaying on the basis of after scheduling and interleaving.
  • the common PLP may be decoded together with the data PLP, and the data PLP may be selectively decoded. That is, although the common PLP + data PLP can always be decoded, the data PLP1 + data PLP2 may not be decoded in some cases.
  • Information entering the common PLP may include PSI / SI information.
  • auxiliary data may be added to the signal frame.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a signal frame structure at a symbol level according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the signal frame according to the present invention is divided into a preamble area and a data area when viewed at the symbol level.
  • the preamble area consists of a P1 symbol and one or more P2 symbols
  • the data area consists of a plurality of data symbols.
  • the P1 symbol transmits P1 signaling information.
  • One or more P2 symbols carry L1-pre signaling information, L1-post signaling information, and signaling information (ie, L2 signaling information) included in the common PLP.
  • Signaling information included in the common PLP may be transmitted through a data symbol. Therefore, in the signal frame on the physical layer, the preamble region includes a part or all of the P1 signaling information region, the L1 signaling information region, and the common PLP region.
  • a PLP for transmitting PSI / SI in particular PAT / PMT, will be referred to as a base PLP.
  • the data PLPs transmitted through the plurality of data symbols may include a Type1 data PLP transmitted by one sub slice per signal frame and a Type2 data PLP transmitted by a plurality of sub slices.
  • a Type1 data PLP and a Type2 data PLP exist in one signal frame, the Type1 data PLP is allocated first and then the Type2 data PLP is allocated.
  • the Type1 data PLP has one subslice in the signal frame, that is, one PLP is transmitted in succession in the signal frame. For example, suppose that two Type1 data PLPs (PLP1 and PLP2) are transmitted. First, all the data of PLP1 are allocated to the corresponding signal frame, and then all the data of PLP2 are allocated and transmitted.
  • PLP1 and PLP2 are transmitted.
  • the Type2 data PLP refers to a PLP having two or more sub slices in a signal frame. That is, after dividing the data of each PLP by the number of sub slices, the data is distributed to each sub slice and transmitted. For example, assuming that two Type2 data PLPs (PLP3, PLP4) are present in one signal frame and each has two sub-slices, the data of PLP3 and the data of PLP4 are divided into two parts, respectively, Allocates sequentially to two sub slices. In this embodiment, the subslice for PLP3 and the subslice for PLP4 are alternately positioned and transmitted.
  • the present invention uses Type2 data PLPs to achieve high time diversity.
  • one data PLP may correspond to one service, and may include one of service components constituting the service, for example, a video component (or a video component of a base layer), an extended video component (or an enhancement layer). It may correspond to a video component), an audio component, a data component other than video and audio.
  • service components constituting the service, for example, a video component (or a video component of a base layer), an extended video component (or an enhancement layer). It may correspond to a video component), an audio component, a data component other than video and audio.
  • the present invention may transmit separate signaling information in the transmitter so that the receiver can identify and process additional broadcast signal frames such as NGH frames.
  • the present invention transmits separate signaling information through a P1 symbol, and the P1 symbol at this time will be referred to as a new_system_P1 symbol.
  • the new_system_P1 symbol may be different from the P1 symbol and may be plural.
  • the new_system_P1 symbol is positioned at the start of the signal frame, that is, in front of the first P2 symbol in the preamble region.
  • the preamble region includes one or more new_system_P1 symbols and one or more P2 symbols.
  • FIG. 4 (a) shows a P1 symbol structure according to the present invention.
  • the P1 symbol and the P2 symbol portion are referred to as a preamble region, and the body region is referred to as a data region.
  • the data area is composed of a plurality of data symbols (or data OFDM symbols).
  • the P1 symbols copy the front part and the rear part of the effective symbol A, respectively, and shift the frequency by + f SH , and then the front (C) and the rear (B) of the effective symbol A.
  • the C portion is called a prefix
  • the B portion is called a postfix. That is, the P1 symbol is composed of a prefix, a valid symbol, and a postfix portion.
  • such a P1 symbol structure is also referred to as a CAB structure.
  • the P1 symbol is a 1K OFDM symbol according to an embodiment.
  • the A portion T P1A has a length of 112 us
  • the C portion T P1C has a length of 59 us
  • the B portion T P1B has a length of 53 us.
  • 4B is a block diagram illustrating a P1 symbol generator showing a process of generating a P1 symbol according to the present invention.
  • 4B illustrates a carrier distribution sequence (CDS) table module (000100), a modulation signaling sequence (MSS) module (000200), a differential binary phase shift keying (DBPSK) mapping module (000300), a scrambling module (000400), Padding module (000500), IFFT module (000600), and CAB structure module (000700).
  • CDS carrier distribution sequence
  • MMS modulation signaling sequence
  • DBPSK differential binary phase shift keying
  • a new_system_P1 symbol is generated by modifying the P1 symbol structure of FIG. 4A or the P1 symbol generator of FIG. 4B.
  • a new_system_P1 symbol may be generated by modifying both the P1 symbol structure of FIG. 4A and the P1 symbol generator of FIG. 4B.
  • a new_system_P1 symbol may be generated by modifying a frequency shift (or displacement) value f SH for a prefix and a postfix.
  • a new_system_P1 symbol may be generated by modifying the length of the P1 symbol (eg, the lengths of T P1C and T P1B ).
  • a new_system_P1 symbol may be generated by replacing the length of the P1 symbol with 512, 256, 128, etc. at 1K.
  • the parameters used in the P1 symbol structure eg, f SH , T P1C , T P1B ) should also be appropriately modified.
  • the P1 symbol generator of FIG. 4B may be modified to generate a new_system_P1 symbol, it may be generated using at least one of the following methods. For example, a method of changing the distribution of active carriers used for the P1 symbol from the CDS table module (000100), the MSS module (000200), and the CAB structure module (000700) (for example, the CDS table module (000100)). You can use this other CSS (Complementary Set of Sequence) to generate a new_system_P1 symbol. As another example, a new_system_P1 symbol may be generated using a method of modifying a pattern for information transmitted as a P1 symbol (for example, a method in which the MSS module (000200) uses another CSS).
  • a method of modifying a pattern for information transmitted as a P1 symbol for example, a method in which the MSS module (000200) uses another CSS.
  • the present invention may additionally allocate a preamble symbol to a preamble region in a signal frame, particularly an NGH frame.
  • a preamble symbol for convenience of description, the present invention will be referred to as an additional preamble symbol as an AP1 symbol (Additional Preamble symbol).
  • the present invention adds one or more AP1 symbols to the signal frame to improve the detection performance of the mobile broadcast (ie NGH) signal at very low SNR or time-selective fading conditions.
  • the AP1 symbol is located between the P1 symbol and the first P2 symbol in the preamble region of the signal frame. That is, the P1 symbol and the AP1 symbol are transmitted continuously. If the P2 symbol is not transmitted in the signal frame, the AP1 symbol is positioned between the P1 symbol and the first data symbol in the preamble region of the signal frame. In another embodiment, the P1 symbol and the AP1 symbol may be allocated and transmitted at discontinuous positions in one signal frame.
  • the preamble region of the signal frame at this time includes a P1 symbol, one or more AP1 symbols, and one or more P2 symbols.
  • the data area is composed of a plurality of data symbols (or data OFDM symbols).
  • the AP1 symbol may be generated by modifying the P1 symbol structure of FIG. 4A or by modifying the P1 symbol generator of FIG. 4B. . In another embodiment, the AP1 symbol may be generated by modifying both the P1 symbol structure of FIG. 4A and the P1 symbol generator of FIG. 4B.
  • 5 shows an embodiment of the structure of the P1 symbol and the structure of the AP1 symbol according to the present invention. 5 illustrates an example of generating an AP1 symbol by modifying a P1 symbol.
  • the P1 symbol on the left side copies the front part and the rear part of the effective symbol A, respectively, and shifts the frequency by + f SH , and then places them in front (C) and the rear (B) of the valid symbol (A). Is generated.
  • the C portion is called a prefix portion
  • the B portion is called a postfix portion. That is, the P1 symbol is composed of a prefix, a valid symbol, and a postfix portion.
  • the AP1 symbol on the right side copies the front part and the rear part of the valid symbol D, respectively, and shifts the frequency by -f SH , and then positions them in front (F) and rear (E) of the valid symbol (D). Is generated.
  • the F portion is called a prefix portion
  • the E portion is called a postfix portion. That is, the AP1 symbol is composed of a prefix, a valid symbol, and a postfix part.
  • the two frequency shift values + f SH and -f SH used for the P1 symbol and the AP1 symbol are identical to each other, and only opposite signs are used. In other words, the frequency shift is performed in the opposite direction.
  • the lengths of C and F copied before the valid symbols are set differently, and the lengths of B and E copied after the valid symbols are set differently.
  • the lengths of C and F may be different, and the lengths of B and E may be the same, or vice versa.
  • the effective symbol length of the P1 symbol and the effective symbol length of the AP1 symbol may be set differently.
  • a Complementary Set Sequence (CSS) different from the P1 symbol may be used for tone selection and data scramble in AP1.
  • the lengths of C and F copied before the valid symbols are set differently, and the lengths of B and E copied after the valid symbols are set differently.
  • Equation 1 C, B, F, E length according to the present invention can be obtained as shown in Equation 1 below.
  • the P1 symbol and the AP1 symbol have the same frequency shift value but have opposite signs.
  • an offset value is added to or subtracted from the length of A (T A ) / 2 to set the length of C and B, and an value added to or subtracted from the length of T (T D ) / 2 to set the length of F, E, or Set the offset value to be subtracted differently.
  • the offset value of the P1 symbol is set to 30 and the offset value of the AP1 symbol is set to 15.
  • the P1 symbol and the AP1 symbol are generated and inserted into each signal frame in the structure as shown in FIG. 5, so that the P1 symbol does not degrade the detection performance of the AP1 symbol, whereas the AP1 symbol does not degrade the detection performance of the P1 symbol. .
  • the detection performance of the P1 symbol and the AP1 symbol are almost the same.
  • the complexity of the receiver can be minimized by having a similar structure between the P1 symbol and the AP1 symbol.
  • the P1 symbol and the AP1 symbol may be continuously transmitted to each other, or may be allocated and transmitted at different positions within the signal frame.
  • the transmission is allocated to different positions, a high time diversity effect can be obtained for the preamble symbol.
  • the present invention transmits continuously.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a broadcast signal transmission apparatus (or broadcast signal transmitter or transmitter) according to the present invention.
  • the apparatus for transmitting broadcast signals may include an input pre-processor 100000, an input processor 100100, a BICM module 100200, a frame builder 100300, and an OFDM generator 100400.
  • the BICM module 100200 may also be referred to as a BICM encoder.
  • the input stream may include at least one of a TS stream, an Internet Protocol (IP) stream, or a GSE (General Sream Encapsulation) stream (or GS stream).
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • GSE General Sream Encapsulation
  • the input pre-processor 100000 receives at least one of a TS stream, an IP stream, or a GSE stream, and generates one or more PLPs in a service unit (or service component unit) to provide robustness.
  • the input processor 100100 generates a BB frame including one or more PLPs generated by the input pre-processor 100000.
  • the input processor 100100 may generate a BB frame after separating the PLPs corresponding to a service component.
  • the BICM module 100200 adds redundancy and interleaves the output of the input processor 100100 to correct an error on a transmission channel.
  • the frame builder 100300 maps a plurality of PLPs to a transmission frame on a cell basis to complete a transmission frame (or signal frame) structure.
  • the OFDM generator 100400 generates a baseband signal that can be transmitted to an antenna by OFDM modulation of input data.
  • the input pre-processor 100000 classifies data corresponding to a service by component and processes data to transmit data corresponding to each component to a separate PLP. do.
  • the apparatus for transmitting broadcast signals according to the present invention may transmit one or more services in PLP units, but may also separate components included in one service and transmit them in PLP units.
  • the broadcast signal receiving apparatus may provide a service by identifying and processing PLPs including each component.
  • the input pre-processor 100000 according to the present invention processes data in component units.
  • the present invention will be described by dividing an example of generating a PLP by receiving a TS stream and an example of generating a PLP by receiving an IP stream.
  • FIG. 7 is a configuration block diagram of the present invention showing an embodiment of an input pre-processor receiving a stream of TS type.
  • the input pre-processor of FIG. 7 includes a PID filter 101010, a PSI / SI controller 101020, a PSI / SI decoder 101030, a PSI / SI modifying / generating module 101040, and a PSI / SI.
  • the input pre-processor divides the TS packets included in the TS for each component and outputs them to different PLPs.
  • each TS packet includes a header and a payload, and the header includes a packet identifier (PID) indicating the data of the payload data.
  • the payload may include any one of a video elementary stream (ES), an audio ES, a data ES, and a PSI / SI ES to be transmitted.
  • ES video elementary stream
  • the information included in the common PLP may be referred to as L2 signaling information or L2 information / data
  • the L1 signaling information may be referred to as L1 information.
  • the PID of the TS packet including the video component of the base layer and the PID of the TS packet including the video component of the enhancement layer are In one embodiment different from each other.
  • the PID filter 101010 filters the TS packets included in the TS using the PID and outputs the filtered TS packets to the corresponding PLP path. Since a PID capable of distinguishing each component is allocated to the TS packet, the PID filter 101010 may identify TS packets corresponding to each component as a PID and output the same as a separate PLP path. However, in order to perform the filtering, PID information must be known, so the PID filter 101010 first filters the PSI / SI included in the TS packet. The PSI / SI decoder 101030 decodes the PSI / SI information filtered by the PID filter 101010 to obtain PID information.
  • a PAT having a fixed PID of '0' includes PID information of the PMT and PID information of the NIT, and the PMT includes PID information of video, audio, and data ES corresponding to each component constituting the service.
  • the PSI / SI controller 101020 controls the PID filter 101010 using the PID information acquired by the PSI / SI decoder 101030 to filter and output data corresponding to a desired component for each PID. . Since the PSI / SI included in the TS is transmitted through a preset PID, the PSI / SI may be directly filtered and processed without setting a separate PID filter 101010.
  • the PID filter 101010 filters TS packets for each component and outputs the TS packets to respective PLP paths. For example, a TS packet corresponding to a video component, a TS packet corresponding to an audio component, and a TS packet corresponding to a data component are output to the corresponding component mergers 101090 and 101110, and the component mergers 101090 and 101110 are inputted. Merge TS packets to configure each component PLP. For example, the component merger 101090 may receive only TS packets corresponding to the video component of the base layer, and TS packets corresponding to the video component of the base layer and TS packets corresponding to the video component of the enhancement layer. These components may be merged to configure one component PLP. In addition, TS packets including PAT / PMT filtered and output from the PID filter 101010 are output to the PAT / PMT merger 101070 and merged.
  • the receiver may not be able to retrieve all the data corresponding to one service even if the channel is scanned. That is, unlike the method of configuring PLPs for each service and identifying them as PSI / SI, in the present invention, since the PLPs are configured for each component constituting the service, there may be a component PLP that does not include PSI / SI. Accordingly, the present invention adds a PSI / SI such as PAT / PMT to any PLP among the component PLPs constituting the service so as to find the component PLPs constituting the service, and adds service configuration information such as PAT / PMT.
  • a component PLP having the same will be referred to as a base PLP. When the receiver scans and decodes the base PLP, the receiver can know information about the remaining component PLPs for providing a service, thereby solving the above-described problem.
  • the PSI / SI modification / generation module 101040 modifies or generates PSI / SI to be modified or added, such as NIT and SDT, and outputs the modified or generated PSI / SI.
  • the input pre-processor may signal information about the base PLP to at least one of L1 signaling information and L2 signaling information (common PLP).
  • L1 signaling information and L2 signaling information (common PLP).
  • the PSI / SI modification / generation module 101040 may signal information about the base PLP to NIT / SDT_other or PAT / PMT.
  • the information on the base PLP may include information for searching for the base PLP, information necessary for extracting and decoding the base PLP, information on a PAT / PMT for a service configuration included in the base PLP, and the like.
  • information on a component for a high quality / high definition service such as SVC and MPEG surround is signaled to L1 signaling information.
  • SDT may be represented as SDT_actual and SDT_other
  • EIT may be represented as EIT_actual and EIT_other
  • SDT_actual / EIT_actual indicates that a service / event indicated by corresponding information is a service / event included in a current frame or TS
  • SDT_other / EIT_other indicates that a service / event included in another frame or another TS.
  • the PSI / SI extraction from the TS includes the common PLP
  • the PSI / SI modification / generation module 101040 may modify SDT_actual to SDT_other or EIT_actual to EIT_other.
  • the PSI / SI merger 101050 merges the signaling information output from the PSI / SI modification / generation module 101040 and the signaling information output from the PID filter 101010.
  • the null packet insertion modules 101060, 101080, 101100, and 101120 insert null packets in place of other components so that each component can maintain synchronization in the TS.
  • the common PLP is output from the null packet insertion module 101060 and the base PLP is output from the null packet insertion module 101080.
  • the null packet insertion module 101100 and 101120 outputs a corresponding component PLP.
  • the component may be a video component, an audio component, a data component, or the like.
  • the input pre-processor receives a TS, and data including a PSI / SI is a common PLP path, and data corresponding to a component PLP including service configuration information is a base PLP path. Data corresponding to each component may be output to the corresponding component PLP path, and thus data corresponding to each PLP path may be referred to as PLP data or PLP.
  • the input pre-processor signals the information about the components thus configured to the L1 signaling information so that the component can be extracted in units of PLPs according to the receiver type. In other words, if the type of service is selected according to the receiver, the receiver should process components corresponding to the service. In the present invention, since the PLP is configured for each component, the receiver can extract and process components corresponding to a service only when information on the PLP structure is included in the L1 signaling information. Thus, the input pre-processor can control the information on the component PLP structure to be signaled in the L1 signaling information.
  • 8A and 8B illustrate an example of configuring a PLP in component units in an input pre-processor according to the present invention.
  • a TS 102010 composed of TS packets represents a TS input to an input pre-processor in FIG. 7, and each TS packet corresponds to data corresponding to an audio component and data corresponding to a video component. , One of the data corresponding to the data component and the data corresponding to the PSI / SI component.
  • the input pre-processor of FIG. 7 performs the above-described preprocessing on the TS packets included in the TS stream 102010, divides the components by components, and outputs them to different PLP paths.
  • TS packets including NIT, SDT, and EIT are output through a common PLP path to configure a common TS 102020
  • TS packets including data of a video component are video components.
  • the TS packets including the data of the audio component are output to the audio component PLP path to configure the audio component TS 102040
  • the TS packets including the data component data and PAT / PMT information are output to the data component PLP path.
  • Configure the data component TS 102050 As another example, TS packets including data of two or more components may be output through one PLP path to configure one TS.
  • TS packets including data of specific components of a plurality of services may be output through one PLP path to configure one TS.
  • the input pre-processor inserts null packets at different component positions in each component TS to maintain synchronization of each component while separating TS packets composed of different components such as audio, video, and data into each component.
  • the common TS 102020 inserts a null packet at a TS packet position including audio, video, data, PAT, and PMT
  • the video component TS 102030 inserts a null packet at audio, NIT, SDT, EIT, Data, PAT.
  • the null packet is inserted at the TS packet location including the PMT.
  • the audio component TS 102040 inserts a null packet at a TS packet position including video, NIT, SDT, EIT, Data, PAT, and PMT.
  • audio, video, NIT, SDT, EIT is inserted.
  • the null packet insertion is performed by the null packet insertion modules 101060, 101080, 101100, and 101120 of FIG. 7. TSs of each component into which null packets are inserted are output to the input processor 100100.
  • the present invention may refer to a common TS 102020 with a null packet inserted therein as a common PLP (or PLP data).
  • the video component TS 102030 with a null packet inserted therein may be referred to as a video component PLP (or PLP). Data).
  • the audio component TS 102040 into which a null packet is inserted may be referred to as an audio component PLP (or PLP data)
  • the data component TS 102050 into which a null packet is inserted may be called a data component PLP (or PLP data).
  • 9A and 9B illustrate another example of configuring a PLP in component units in an input processor according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 9A illustrates TSs output for each component in the input pre-processor 100000.
  • FIG. 9B illustrates TSs output for each component in the input processor 100100.
  • FIG. 9A illustrates TSs output for each component in the input pre-processor 100000.
  • FIG. 9B illustrates TSs output for each component in the input processor 100100.
  • the input processor 100100 deletes a null packet other than a valid packet from each TS output from the input pre-processor 100000, and provides information on the number of deleted null packets (DNPs) according to the deleted position. Insert it. That is, null packets other than valid packets are reduced to DNP bytes in each TS.
  • DNPs deleted null packets
  • null packets are deleted from each TS and DNP bytes indicating the number of deleted null packets are inserted instead. And it can be seen that the sync byte for synchronization at the receiving end is inserted before each DNP byte.
  • the present invention may refer to a common TS in which a null packet is deleted and a DNP byte is inserted as a common PLP (or PLP data) as shown in FIG. 9B, and the null packet is deleted and a DNP byte is deleted.
  • the inserted video component TS may be referred to as a video component PLP (or PLP data).
  • an audio component TS with null packets deleted and a DNP byte inserted may be referred to as an audio component PLP (or PLP data). ) Can be called.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a preprocessing method of a broadcast signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a method in which the above-described input pre-processor 100000 of FIG. 7 classifies TSs in component units and outputs data of the classified component units in separate PLP paths.
  • the input pre-processor 100000 filters the TS packets including the PAT / PMT from the input TS using the PID filter 101010 (S105010). Since PAT / PMT is transmitted as a static PID in a corresponding TS packet, filtering is possible without setting a separate PID filter. Alternatively, the PID of the PMT may be obtained from the PAT.
  • the input pre-processor 100000 uses the PSI / SI decoder 101030 to decode the filtered PAT / PMT and acquires PID information for each component (S105020).
  • the PSI / SI controller 101020 sets the PID filter 101010 with decoded PID information to filter and output TS packets for each component (S105030).
  • the input pre-processor 100000 performs another operation according to the component type (S105040).
  • the input pre-processor 100000 determines whether the PSI / SI needs modification (S105050), and if the modification requires the corresponding PSI / SI. Create or modify SI (S105050).
  • the input pre-processor 100000 may signal the information about the base PLP to NIT / SDT_other or PAT / PMT as described above in the description with reference to FIG. 7 using the PSI / SI modification / generation module 101040.
  • the NIT, SDT, and EIT information may be modified.
  • signaling information to be included in the PSI / SI component is merged using the PSI / SI merger 101050 (S105070).
  • the input pre-processor 100000 determines whether the data corresponds to the base PLP among the component PLPs (S105100). In the case of data for the base PLP, the input pre-processor 100000 merges the PAT / PMT with data included in the base PLP and signals the information about the base PLP to the L2 signaling information. In this step, the L2 signaling information may be set to signal information on the base PLP to NIT / SDT_other or PAT / PMT, and the PAT / PMT may be set to signal service configuration information according to the component structure, which is described above. It may be performed together with step S105060.
  • the input pre-processor 100000 merges the PAT / PMT including the service configuration information in the base PLP data using the PAT / PMT merger 101070 (S105120).
  • the input pre-processor 100000 sets a physical PLP parameter based on the component type to signal the L1 signaling information.
  • the input pre-processor 100000 may signal the information on the component PLP structure to the L1 signaling information so that the receiver may process the component PLP corresponding to the service according to the component structure of the present invention.
  • the input pre-processor 100000 inserts a null packet into the processed PLP data according to the component type (S105080). Insertion of a null packet is as described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8. Each component PLP data into which a null packet is inserted is output to each PLP path (S105090).
  • data corresponding to a component may be divided into IP packet units.
  • the PSI / SI in the TS may correspond to IP service information, and the IP service information may include electronic service guide (ESG) information, provider information, bootstrap information, and the like.
  • ESG information may include IP address information, port number information, etc. of the service component.
  • the IP stream may be input / output in units of Generic Stream Encapsulation (GSE) streams.
  • GSE Generic Stream Encapsulation
  • 11 is a configuration block diagram of the present invention showing an embodiment of an input pre-processor receiving a stream in the IP form.
  • the input pre-processor 100000 of FIG. 11 includes a UDP / IP filter 101060, an IP service controller 101060, an IP service information decoder 101060, and an IP service information modifying / generating module 106040. , IP stream merger 101060, GSE encapsulating modules 106060, 106080, 106100, 106120, component mergers 106070, 106090, 106110 and GSE decapsulating module 106130.
  • the input pre-processor 100000 of FIG. 11 receives a GSE stream or an IP stream and divides data included in the stream into components and outputs them to different PLPs.
  • the PLP including the IP service information may be referred to as a common PLP
  • the common PLP may be referred to as L2 signaling information or L2 information / data.
  • the L1 signaling information may be referred to as L1 information.
  • the GSE stream is input to the GSE decapsulation module 106130, and the IP stream is input to the UDP / IP filter 101060.
  • the GSE decapsulation module 106130 extracts an IP stream by performing GSE decapsulation on the GSE stream and outputs the IP stream to the UDP / IP filter 101060.
  • the UDP / IP filter 101060 may filter and output IP packets included in an IP stream by component using a UDP port number and an IP address. Since each UDP port number and IP address are assigned to IP packets of respective components included in the IP stream, the UDP / IP filter 101060 identifies the IP packet corresponding to each component by the UDP port number and the IP address. Can be output as a separate PLP path. In the following, such a UDP port number and an IP address may be referred to as address or address information.
  • the UDP / IP filter 101060 first filters IP service information included in an IP stream, and the IP service information decoder 101060 is used for the UDP.
  • the IP service information filtered by the / IP filter 101060 is decoded to obtain address information.
  • the address information may be obtained from the ESG information among the IP service information.
  • the IP service controller 10620 may control the UDP / IP filter 101060 using the address information obtained from the IP service information decoder 101060 and filter and output an IP packet corresponding to a desired component for each address. . Since the IP service information included in the IP stream is transmitted to a predetermined address, the IP service information may be filtered and processed immediately without setting a separate UDP / IP filter 101060.
  • the UDP / IP filter 101060 filters the IP packets included in the IP stream for each component and outputs them to the corresponding component through each PLP path. For example, the IP packets corresponding to the video component are output to the component merger 106070, the IP packets corresponding to the audio component are output to the component merger 106090, and the IP packets corresponding to the data component are the component merger 106110. ) The component mergers 106070, 106090, and 106110 merge IP packets of the corresponding component.
  • the outputs of the component mergers 106070, 106090, and 106110 are GSE encapsulated in each GSE encapsulation module 106080, 1061000, and 106120 and then into the GSE stream.
  • the GSE encapsulation process may be omitted.
  • the receiver may not be able to retrieve all the data corresponding to one service even if the channel is scanned. That is, unlike the method of configuring a PLP for each service to identify the IP service information, in the present invention, since the PLP is configured for each component corresponding to the service, there may be a component PLP that does not include IP service information. Accordingly, in the present invention, service configuration information is added to IP service information so that component PLPs corresponding to a service can be found.
  • the IP service information modification / generation module 106040 modifies or generates and outputs IP service information to be modified or added, such as ESG information, service provider information, bootstrap information, and the like.
  • IP service information such as ESG information, service provider information, bootstrap information, and the like.
  • service configuration information constituting the PLP for each component may be signaled in the ESG information.
  • the IP stream merger 10050 merges the IP service information, such as the IP service information modified / generated by the IP service information modification / generation module 106040 and additional information that does not need modification, and outputs it to the common PLP path.
  • null packet insertion modules as shown in FIG. 7 may be omitted.
  • the input pre-processor may receive an IP stream (or a GSE stream) and output data including IP service information as a common PLP path, and output data corresponding to each component as a component PLP path.
  • the data corresponding to each PLP path may be referred to as PLP data or PLP.
  • the input pre-processor signals the information about the components thus configured to the L1 signaling information so that the component can be extracted in units of PLPs according to the receiver type. That is, when selecting a type of service according to the receiver, the receiver should process components corresponding to the service.
  • the input pre-processor since the PLP is configured for each component, by signaling the information on the PLP structure to the L1 signaling information, the receiver can extract and process the components corresponding to the service. Therefore, the input pre-processor may generate information on the component PLP configuration and control it to be included in the L1 signaling information.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates another embodiment of configuring a PLP in component units in an input pre-processor according to the present invention.
  • an IP stream 10702 composed of IP packets represents an IP stream input to the UDP / IP filter 101060 of the input pre-processor in FIG. 11, and each IP packet represents data and video component of an audio component. Data of the data component, data of the data component, and data of the IP service information component.
  • the input pre-processor of FIG. 12 performs the above-described preprocessing on the IP packets included in the IP stream 10710, and then outputs them to different PLP paths by dividing them by component.
  • IP packets including NIT, INT, Bootstrap, and ESG information are output to a common PLP path to form a common IP stream 1072020, and IP packets including data of a video component to a video component PLP path. Output to configure a video component IP stream 1073030.
  • IP packets including the data of the audio component are output to the audio component PLP path to configure the audio component IP stream 107040, and IP packets including the data component of the data component are output to the data component PLP path to output the data component IP stream.
  • 107050 is constituted.
  • IP packets including data of two or more components may be output through one PLP path to configure one IP stream.
  • IP packets including data of specific components of a plurality of services may be output through one PLP path to configure one IP stream.
  • common IP stream 1072020 may be referred to as common PLP (or PLP data)
  • video component IP stream 10730 may be referred to as video component PLP (or PLP data)
  • audio component IP stream 107040 may be referred to as an audio component PLP (or PLP data)
  • data component IP stream 107050 may be referred to as a data component PLP (or PLP data).
  • IP streams of each PLP path of FIG. 12 need not maintain synchronization or order due to the characteristics of the IP stream.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a preprocessing method of a broadcast signal according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates a method of processing the input pre-processor 100000 of FIG. 11 to classify an IP stream into component units and output the classified component unit data through separate PLP paths.
  • the input pre-processor 100000 decapsulates the GSE stream into an IP stream using the GSE decapsulating module 106130 (S109010). If the input stream is an IP stream, this step (S109010) can be omitted.
  • the input pre-processor 100000 filters the ESG information of the input IP stream by using the UDP / IP filter 101060 (S109020). Since the ESG information is transmitted to a preset address in the IP stream, filtering is possible without setting a separate filter.
  • the input pre-processor 100000 uses the IP service information decoder 101060 to decode the ESG information filtered by the UDP / IP filter 101060 and obtain address information for each component included in the IP stream ( S109030).
  • the IP service controller 101060 sets the UDP / IP filter 101060 with the address information obtained in step S109030 to filter and output data for each component (S109040).
  • the input pre-processor 100000 performs another operation according to the component type of the data (S109050).
  • the input pre-processor 100000 determines whether the IP service information needs modification (S109060), and when the modification is necessary, the corresponding IP service.
  • Information ESG information, bootstrap information, provider information, etc.
  • S109070 IP service information to be included in data transmitted to the common PLP is merged using the IP stream merger 10050 (S109090).
  • the input pre-processor 100000 sets a physical PLP parameter based on the component type and is signaled to the L1 signaling information (S109080). In other words, the input pre-processor 100000 may signal the information on the component PLP structure to the L1 signaling information so that the receiver may process the component PLP corresponding to the service according to the component structure of the present invention.
  • the input pre-processor 100000 performs GSE encapsulation on the processed PLP data according to the component type (S109100). This step can also be omitted if the data output format is an IP stream. Each component PLP data is output to each PLP path (S109110).
  • the output of the input pre-processor 100000 is output to the input processor 100100.
  • TS or IP or GSE streams may be converted into n + 1 streams to be independently processed through the input preprocessor 100000 or the input processor 100100.
  • the stream to be independently processed may be a complete TS stream including several service components, or may be a TS stream of a minimum unit including only one service component (for example, video or audio).
  • it may be a complete GSE stream including several service components or a GSE stream including only one service component.
  • it may be a complete IP stream including several service components or an IP stream including only one service component.
  • FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of an input processor 100100 of the apparatus for transmitting broadcast signals according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates an embodiment of the input processor 100100 when there is only one input stream.
  • the input processor 100100 may include an input interface module 110100, a CRC-8 encoder 110200, a BB header inserter 110300, a padding inserter 110400, and a BB scrambler 110500.
  • the input interface module 110100, the CRC-8 encoder 110200, and the BB header inserter 110300 are referred to as a mode adaptation module, and the padding inserter 110400 and the BB scrambler 110500 are illustrated in FIG. 14. This is called a stream adaptation module.
  • the input interface module 110100 maps the input stream into an internal logical-bit format for performing FEC (BCH / LDPC) encoding in the BICM module 100200 at the rear. That is, the input interface module 110100 slices an input stream in units of the number of bits necessary to generate a base band (BB) frame and maps the input stream to the BB frame payload.
  • the CRC-8 encoder 110200 performs CRC encoding on the BB frame payload output from the interface module 110100, and the BB header inserter 110300 performs a front end of the BB frame payload on which the CRC encoding is performed. Insert a header having a fixed size into the BB frame.
  • the padding inserter 110400 may insert a padding bit into the BB frame to form a BB frame when the data amount of the input bit stream is smaller than the amount of the BB frame for FEC.
  • the BB scrambler 110500 performs XOR (Exclusive OR) operation on a bit stream of a BB frame with a pseudo random binary sequence (PRBS) to perform rendering.
  • PRBS pseudo random binary sequence
  • the operation of the BB scrambler 110500 may lower the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the finally transmitted OFDM modulated signal.
  • PAPR peak-to-average power ratio
  • FIG. 15 illustrates an embodiment of a mode adaptation module of the input processor 100100 for multiple PLP inputs in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 illustrates an embodiment of a mode adaptation module in which the input pre-processor 100000 processes a plurality of PLPs when the input stream type is TS.
  • the mode adaptation module includes n + 1 input interface modules 111200-0 to n and n + 1 input streams operated in parallel to perform mode adaptation for each PLP among a plurality of PLPs.
  • CRC cyclic redundancy check
  • the broadcast signal transmitting apparatus may increase transmission efficiency by including and transmitting signaling information that can be commonly applied to a plurality of PLPs, such as a transport layer signal of a TS, in one PLP.
  • PLP0 shown in FIG. 15 plays such a role, and this PLP is referred to as a common PLP in the present invention.
  • P PLPs other than PLP0 of FIG. 15 may be used for data transmission, and this PLP is referred to as a data PLP in the present invention.
  • 15 is an embodiment, and there may be a plurality of common PLPs such as PLP0.
  • the input interface modules 111200-0 to n slice the input stream of the corresponding PLP in units of the number of bits necessary to generate a base band frame and map it to the BB frame payload.
  • the input stream sink modules 111210-0 to n generate sink timing information necessary for recovering the TS or GS stream from the receiver and insert the sink timing information into the BB frame payload. That is, when the service is restored in the receiver, sink timing information is generated in consideration of all delays that may occur in the channel and the transmission process so that the service may be restored to the original timing.
  • the sync timing information may be input stream clock reference (ISCR) information.
  • the input stream sink modules 111210-0 to n may add a sync byte to synchronize with the receiver.
  • the delay compensators 111220-0 to n compensate for the delay difference between the PLPs when a plurality of PLPs are present so that a frame can be efficiently formed. That is, the delay compensators 111220-0 to n synchronize data by delaying data with respect to PLPs in group units based on the sync timing information inserted by the input stream sink modules 111210-0 to n.
  • the null packet removers 111230-0 to n delete null packets other than valid packets in the corresponding TS, and insert information on the number of deleted null packets DNP according to the deleted position. In other words, null packets are reduced to DNP bytes. In this way, transmission efficiency can be improved.
  • the CRC encoders 111240-0 to n add CRC data by performing CRC encoding on the corresponding BB frame payload in order to increase transmission reliability of the BB frame.
  • the BB header inserters 111250-0 to n insert a header having a fixed size in front of the corresponding BB frame payload so as to identify the format of the data field.
  • the header may include Mode Adaptation Type information, User Packet Length information, Data Field Length information, User Packet Sync Byte indicating Mode TS, IP or GS. ) Information, starting address information of the user packet sync byte included in the data field, a high efficiency mode indicator, an input stream sink field, and the like.
  • the input stream type is TS
  • delay compensators 111220-0 to n and null packet cancelers 111230-0 to n are omitted.
  • IP packets are buffered and reproduced at the receiver according to time stamps, there is no need to delay data and no addition / deletion of null packets. It also has its own CRC, so there is no need to add a CRC byte. Accordingly, in the operation of the input processor of FIG. 15, the delay compensators 111220-0 to n and the null packet cancelers 111230-0 to n are omitted, or when the input data is an IP stream or a GSE stream. Blocks can be bypassed.
  • FIG. 16 illustrates one embodiment of a stream adaptation module of the input processor 100100 for multiple PLP inputs in accordance with the present invention.
  • the stream adaptation module includes n + 1 frame delays 130100-0 through n, n + 1 in-band signaling / padding inserters 130200-0 through n, and n + 1 for n PLP processing. Two BB scramblers 130300-0 to n.
  • the stream adaptation module further includes a scheduler 120300.
  • the scheduler 120300 may perform scheduling to allocate a plurality of PLPs to each slot of a transmission frame. If the MIMO scheme is used, the scheduler 120300 may perform scheduling for dual polarity MIMO. That is, parameters related to polarity paths such as H-path, V-path, and the like that can be used in signal processing blocks such as demux, cell interleaver, and time interleaver of the BICM module 100200 are described. Can be generated. In addition, the scheduler 120300 may output the L1-dynamic signaling information for the current frame separately from the in-band signaling so that the cell mapper maps the input cells according to the scheduling.
  • the frame delayers 130100-0 to n delay input data by one transmission frame so that scheduling information for the next frame can be transmitted through the current frame for in-band signaling.
  • the in-band signaling / padding inserters 130200-0 to n insert non-delayed L1-dynamic signaling information into data delayed by one transmission frame.
  • padding bits may be inserted or in-band signaling information may be inserted in the free space.
  • the BB scramblers 130300-0 to n perform XOR operations on the PRBS and the PRB output from the in-band signaling / padding inserters 130200-0 to n to minimize correlation between transmission bit streams. Render the stream. Through the scramble process, the PAPR of the finally transmitted OFDM modulated signal can be lowered.
  • the scheduler 120300 may transmit the L1-dynamic signaling information of the current frame to the cell mapper of the frame builder separately from in-band signaling.
  • the cell mapper uses the input information to map input cells to the transmission frame.
  • the stream adaptation module for the multi-PLP input of FIG. 16 differs from the stream adaptation module for the single PLP input of FIG. 14 by the scheduler 120300, n + 1 frame delayers 130100-0 through n, and n. +1 in-band signaling / padding inserters 130200-0 to n, etc. have been added.
  • the stream adaptation module of FIG. 16 may further include an L1 signaling generator.
  • the L1 signaling generator In addition to the in-band signaling information, the L1 signaling generator generates L1 signaling information transmitted through a preamble symbol or a spread data symbol. Such L1 signaling information includes L1-pre signaling information and L1-post signaling information. The L1 signaling generator outputs L1-pre signaling information and L1-post signaling information, respectively.
  • the present invention may further include a first BB scrambler for scrambled L1-pre signaling information and a second BB scrambler for scrambled L1-post signaling information at an output terminal of the L1 signaling generator.
  • the L1-pre signaling information is scrambled through the XOR operation with the PRBS in the first BB scrambler and the second BB scrambler.
  • the L1 signaling generator may output L1 signaling information including L1-pre signaling information and L1-post signaling information, and scramble the L1 signaling information output by one BB scrambler.
  • the MISO method may be applied to each PLP data independently, or the MIMO method may be applied.
  • the MIMO PLP data to be transmitted in the MIMO scheme performs MIMO encoding in the BICM module
  • the MISO PLP data to be transmitted in the MISO scheme performs MISO encoding in the OFDM generator.
  • the BICM module performs MIMO encoding on the MIMO PLP data to be transmitted in the MIMO scheme, and performs MISO encoding on the MISO data to be transmitted in the MISO scheme.
  • the MISO encoding process is omitted in the OFDM generator.
  • FIG. 17 is a block diagram of a BICM module 100200 according to an embodiment of the present invention, for bit interleaving and error correction for a plurality of input processed PLP data, L1-pre signaling information, and L1-post signaling information. Perform the encoding.
  • the BICM module of FIG. 17 includes a first BICM encoding block 130600 for processing MISO PLP data, a second BICM encoding block 130700 for processing MIMO PLP data, and a third BICM encoding block 130800 for processing signaling information.
  • the third BICM encoding block 130800 again includes a first encoding block for processing the L1-pre signaling information and a second encoding block for processing the L1-post signaling information.
  • the signaling information may be MISO or MIMO processed in the OFDM generator.
  • signaling information includes information necessary for recovering PLP data included in a transmission frame at the receiver, greater robustness between transmission and reception is required than PLP data. Therefore, according to the present invention, the signaling information is processed by the OFDM generator according to the MISO method.
  • the first BICM encoding block 130600 includes a forward error correction (FEC) encoder (131100-0), a bit interleaver (131200-0), a demux (131300-0), a constellation mapper (131400-0), and a cell interleaver. (131600-0), and time interleaver 131700-0.
  • FEC forward error correction
  • the FEC encoder 131100-0 adds redundancy to the input bit stream so that the receiver can correct errors on the transport channel for input processed PLP data, and codes such as 1/4, 1/3, 2/5 Encode the bit stream at rate.
  • the FEC encoder 131100-0 adds redundancy for error correction and encodes using a Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquengham (BCH) / Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) code.
  • BCH Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquengham
  • LDPC Low Density Parity Check
  • the bit interleaver 131200-0 performs bit interleaving on a unit of one FEC block with respect to PLP data on which FEC encoding has been performed, so that the bit interleaver 131200-0 has robustness against burst errors that may occur during transmission.
  • the bit interleaver 131200-0 may perform bit interleaving using two FEC block units.
  • paired cells may be generated from different FEC blocks in a frame builder to be described later. Accordingly, in the broadcast signal receiver, diversity may be secured to improve reception performance.
  • the demux 131300-0 performs demultiplexing on the bit interleaved PLP data in units of one FEC block.
  • the demux 131300-0 controls the robustness of the bits by adjusting the order of the bits constituting the cell, and outputs a cell including the bits. That is, the demux 131300-0 adjusts the bit output order in order to distribute and distribute the distribution of data reliability generated in LDPC encoding when symbol mapping is performed in the constellation mapper 131400-0.
  • the demux 131300-0 may perform demultiplexing using two FEC blocks. As described above, when demultiplexing is performed using two FEC blocks, cells constituting a pair in the frame builder to be described later may be generated from different FEC blocks. Therefore, the receiver can secure diversity and obtain high reception performance.
  • the constellation mapper 131400-0 maps the PLP data of the demultiplexed bit unit to the constellation in symbol units.
  • the constellation mapper 131400-0 may rotate the constellation at an angle according to the modulation type.
  • the rotated constellations can be represented by I-phase (In-phase) and Q-phase (Quadrature-phase) components, and the constellation mapper 131400-0 delays only the dual Q-phase components to arbitrary values. can do.
  • the constellation mapper 131400-0 may remap the demultiplexed PLP data to the new constellation using the in-phase component and the delayed Q-phase component.
  • the cell interleaver 131600-0 may perform interleaving on a cell-by-cell basis for PLP data mapped or remapped to constellations, and the time interleaver 131700-0 interleaves on a cell basis for cell interleaved PLP data. Output to the Frame Builder. In this case, the time interleaver 131700-0 may perform interleaving using two FEC blocks. Through this process, since a pair of cells in the frame builder to be described later can be generated from different FEC blocks, the receiver can secure diversity and obtain high reception performance.
  • the second BICM encoding block 130700 includes an FEC encoder 131100-1, a bit interleaver 131200-1, a demux 131300-1, a first constellation mapper 131400-1, and a second constellation mapper. (131400-2), MIMO encoder (131500-1), first cell interleaver (131600-1), second cell interleaver (131600-2), first time interleaver (131700-1), and second time interleaver (131700) -2).
  • the FEC encoder 131100-1 and the bit interleaver 132100-1 perform the same functions as the FEC encoder 131100-0 and the bit interleaver 131200-0 of the first BICM encoding block 130600.
  • the demux 131300-1 may perform the same function as the demux 131300-0 of the first BICM encoding block 130600, and further, by demultiplexing PLP data to two input paths required for MIMO transmission. You can print In this case, transmission characteristics of data transmitted through each input path may be the same or may be different.
  • the demux 131300-1 randomizes bit words of the PLP data corresponding to the cells included in one FEC block to each input path. Can be assigned.
  • the second constellation mapper 131400-2, the second cell interleaver 131600-2, and the second time interleaver 131700 shown in dotted lines. -2) may not be used.
  • the first constellation mapper 131400-1 and the second constellation mapper 131400-2 perform the same function as the constellation mapper 131400-0 of the first BICM encoding block 130600.
  • the MIMO encoder 131500-1 performs MIMO encoding by applying a MIMO encoding matrix to PLP data mapped to the first constellation mapper 131400-1 and the second constellation mapper 131400-2. Output to the path.
  • the MIMO encoding method will be described in detail later.
  • the first cell interleaver 131400-1 and the second cell interleaver 131400-2 are MIMO-encoded and PLP data corresponding to half the size of a cell included in one FEC block of PLP data input through respective paths. According to an embodiment of the present invention, cell interleaving is performed only for. Accordingly, cell interleaving by the first cell interleaver 131400-1 and the second cell interleaver 131400-2 has the same effect as the interleaving of the MISO cell interleaver 131400-0 of the first BICM encoding block 130600.
  • the memory setting of the cell interleaver 131400-0 is used without additional memory allocation to the first cell interleaver 131400-1 and the second cell interleaver 131400-2 to process data of a plurality of paths. There is an advantage that can perform cell interleaving.
  • the first time interleaver 131700-1 and the second time interleaver 131700-1 perform the same function as the time interleaver 131700-0 of the first BICM module 130600.
  • the first time interleaver 131700-1 and the second time interleaver 131700-2 may perform time interleaving on PLP data input through respective paths, or perform time interleaving in another method. You may.
  • the third BICM encoding block 130800 includes a first encoding block for processing L1-pre signaling information and a second encoding block for processing L1-post signaling information.
  • the first encoding block includes an FEC encoder 132100-0, a constellation mapper 132400-0, a cell interleaver 132500-0, and a time interleaver 132600-0.
  • the second encoding block includes an FEC encoder 132100-1, a bit interleaver 132200, a demux 132300, a constellation mapper 132400-1, a cell interleaver 132500-1, and a time interleaver 132600-1. It may include.
  • bit interleaving and demultiplexing are not performed on the L1-pre signaling information so that the receiver can perform fast decoding of the L1-pre signaling information.
  • Operations of the blocks included in the first encoding block and the second encoding block may refer to operations of the same blocks included in the first BICM encoding block 130600, and thus, detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the two FEC encoders 132100-0-1 perform FEC encoding including shortening and puncturing on the input L1-pre signaling information and the L1-post signaling information, respectively.
  • the FEC encoding may include BCH encoding and LDPC encoding.
  • the L1 signaling generator may be located in front of the two FEC encoders 132100-0-1 of the third BICM encoding module instead of the input processor.
  • a first BB scrambler and a second scrambler may be further included at an output terminal of the L1 signaling generator.
  • the operation description of the L1 signaling generator and the first and second BB scramblers is the same as the operation description of the corresponding block of the input processor.
  • the L1 signaling information including the L1-pre signaling information and the L1-post signaling information may be scrambled using one BB scrambler.
  • Demuxes 131300-0, 131300-1, 132300 in the first to third BICM encoding blocks of FIG. 17 may also be referred to as bit-cell demuxes.
  • the first BICM encoding block 130600 outputs the PLP data to be transmitted in the MISO method through one path STX_k
  • the second BICM encoding block 130700 uses the MIMO method in two paths STX_m and STX_m + 1. Output the PLP data to be transmitted.
  • the third BICM encoding block 130800 outputs one path (STX_pre, STX_post) for the L1-pre signaling information and the L1-post signaling information, respectively.
  • the present invention refers to a path corresponding to STX_k, STX_m, STX_pre, and STX_post as a first path, and a path corresponding to STX_m + 1 is referred to as a second path.
  • the PLP data or signaling data is processed in symbol units after being mapped to the constellation.
  • the second BICM encoding block 130700 performs MIMO encoding, cell interleaving, and time interleaving on the basis of OFDM symbols on the MIMO PLP data.
  • the time deinterleaver, the cell deinterleaver, and the MIMO decoder of the broadcast signal receiver process the received data in symbol units.
  • a MIMO encoder may be provided at output terminals of the first time interleaver and the second time interleaver.
  • the BICM decoder of the broadcast signal receiver must first perform MIMO decoding on the MIMO PLP data, and the data on which the MIMO decoding is performed is output in units of bits. Subsequently, the BICM decoder of the broadcast signal receiver may perform time deinterleaving and cell deinterleaving on the MIMO decoded data.
  • the BICM decoder of the broadcast signal receiver may perform time deinterleaving and cell deinterleaving on the MIMO decoded data.
  • data output in bits is input, information on a symbol unit of input data is required. That is, since the broadcast signal receiver needs to store information on symbol mapping of input bits necessary for the deinterleaving process, the memory complexity of the receiver may increase.
  • the MIMO encoder is located between the constellation mapper and the cell interleaver as shown in FIG. 17, the BICM decoder of the corresponding broadcast signal receiver performs symbol deinterleaving and symbol deinterleaving after performing both time deinterleaving and cell deinterleaving. MIMO decoding is performed on the data of. In this case, since the bit-by-bit data on which MIMO decoding is performed is subjected to constellation demapping, information on symbol mapping is not required. Therefore, when the MIMO encoder is located behind the constellation mapper, the memory complexity of the receiver may be reduced compared to the case where the MIMO encoder is located behind the time interleaver.
  • FIG. 18 is a block diagram illustrating a frame builder according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is suitable for processing an output of the BICM module of FIG. 17.
  • the frame builder is also called a frame mapper.
  • the frame builder of FIG. 18 inputs the first frame building block 133100 that receives MISO PLP data, MIMO PLP data, L1-pre signaling data, and L1-post signaling data of the first path and MIMO PLP data of the second path.
  • the receiving second frame building block 133500 is included.
  • Data of the first path is transmitted through the first antenna Tx_1 after being modulated by the OFDM generator, and data of the second path is transmitted through the second antenna Tx_2 after being modulated by the OFDM generator.
  • the first frame building block 133100 may include a delay compensator 133200, a first cell mapper 133200, and a first frequency interleaver 133400, and the second frame building block 133500 may define a second path.
  • a second cell mapper 133600 and a second frequency interleaver 133700 are provided.
  • the first cell mapper 133300 and the first frequency interleaver 133400, the second cell mapper 133600, and the second frequency interleaver 133700 may operate the same for the first path and the second path, and independently. It can work.
  • the delay compensator 133200 adjusts time synchronization with input PLPs by compensating for a delay occurring in signaling information for cell mapping. That is, the delay of one transmission frame and the delay due to the encoding of the third BICM encoding block 130800 are compensated for the L1-pre signaling data or the L1-post signaling data. Since the L1 signaling information may include not only information on the current transport frame but also information on the next transport frame, in the input processing process, the L1 signaling information is delayed by one frame than the currently input PLP data. Through this process, one transport frame can transmit L1 signaling information including information about the current transport frame and the next transport frame.
  • the first cell mapper 133300 and the second cell mapper 133600 transmit subcarriers of OFDM symbols in a transmission frame according to scheduling information included in signaling information for PLP data and L1 signaling data in a symbol unit input through each path. Maps to cell units.
  • first cell mapper 133300 and the second cell mapper 133600 map MISO PLP data and MIMO PLP data to subcarriers of one OFDM symbol on a cell basis.
  • the PLP data input to the first cell mapper 133300 and the second cell mapper 133600 through the first path and the second path may include common PLP data, MISO, and MIMO PLP data.
  • subslicing may be performed on PLP data cells and mapped in a transmission frame.
  • the MISO PLP data and the L1-pre and post signaling data are input only through the first path, but the MIMO PLP data is input through the first path and the second path, so that the operation of the cell mapper depends on what data is input. Can vary.
  • the first cell mapper 133300 and the second cell mapper 133600 may receive the same MISO PLP data input through the first path, respectively, and the same L1-pre and output from the delay compensator 133200. Each of the post signaling data may be received. In this case, the first cell mapper 133300 and the second cell mapper 133600 may map respective input data to be allocated to a subcarrier of an OFDM symbol in a transmission frame.
  • the first cell mapper 133300 of the first cell mapper 133300 and the second cell mapper 133600 may receive MISO PLP data and delay-compensated L1-pre and post signaling data.
  • the second cell mapper 133600 may perform mapping only for the MIMO PLP.
  • the first frequency interleaver 133400 and the second frequency interleaver 133700 may perform frequency interleaving on a cell-by-cell basis with respect to data input through each path and output the frequency interleaved data through the respective paths to the OFDM generator.
  • the first frequency interleaver 133400 and the second frequency interleaver 133700 interleave cells arranged in a transmission frame based on an OFDM symbol in a frequency domain.
  • the second cell mapper 133600 receives only MIMO PLP data
  • the second frequency interleaver 133700 may also interleave only MIMO PLP data.
  • FIG. 19 is a block diagram illustrating an OFDM generator according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is suitable for processing the output of the frame builder of FIG.
  • FIG. 19 illustrates an example of transmitting a broadcast signal through MTU or MIMO through two transmission antennas.
  • a polarity multiplexing MIMO scheme is used.
  • the OFDM generator of FIG. 19 includes a MISO encoder (134100), two pilot inserters (134100-0, 134100-1), two IFFT modules (134200-0, 134200-1), and two PAPR reduction modules (134300-0). 134300-1), two GI insertion modules (134400-0,134400-1), two P1 symbol insertion modules (134500-0,134500-1), two AP1 symbol insertion modules (134600-0,134600- 1) and two DACs 134700-0 and 134700-1.
  • a block for modulating a broadcast signal to be transmitted through a first transmit antenna Tx1 is called a first transmitter
  • a block for modulating a broadcast signal to be transmitted through a second transmit antenna Tx2 is referred to as a second transmitter.
  • the first transmitter is a pilot inserter (134100-0), IFFT module (134200-0), PAPR reduction module (134300-0), GI insertion module (134400-0), P1 symbol insertion module (134500-0), AP1 Symbol insertion module 134600-0, and DAC 134700-0.
  • the second transmitter includes a pilot inserter (134100-1), an IFFT module (134200-1), a PAPR reduction module (134300-1), a GI insertion module (134400-1), a P1 symbol insertion module (134500-1), and an AP1.
  • the MISO encoder 134100 performs MISO encoding on the first and second path signals to transmit through two transmission antennas and then performs MISO encoding so that each pilot inserter 134100-0 , 134100-1). If MIMO encoded data is input from the BICM module, the MISO encoder 134100 bypasses the input data to the pilot inserters 134100-0 and 134100-1.
  • the MISO encoder 134100 performs MISO encoding in units of OFDM symbols by using an MISO encoding matrix. Afterwards, outputs to pilot inserters (134100-0, 134100-1). In this case, the data may be input to the MISO encoder 134100 only through one of the first path and the second path.
  • an embodiment of the MISO encoding matrix may include an Orthogonal Space-Time Block Code (OSTBC) / Orthogonal Space Frequency Block Code (OSFBC), or an Alamouti code (OSFBC).
  • OSTBC Orthogonal Space-Time Block Code
  • OSFBC Orthogonal Space Frequency Block Code
  • OSFBC Alamouti code
  • the pilot inserter 134100-0 and 134100-1 inserts a pilot signal of a specific pilot pattern into a corresponding position in a signal frame so as to perform transmission channel estimation and time / frequency synchronization in a receiver. 0, 134200-1).
  • the pilot pattern information may be signaled to the AP1 signaling information or may be signaled to the L1 signaling information. Alternatively, both the AP1 signaling information and the L1 signaling information may be signaled.
  • the IFFT modules 134200-0 and 134200-1 convert the pilot-inserted signals into the time domain through a fast inverse Fourier transform and output them to the PAPR reduction modules 134300-0 and 134300-1.
  • the PAPR reduction modules 134300-0 and 134300-1 reduce the PAPR of signals in the time domain and output the reduced PAPR to the GI insertion modules 134400-0 and 134400-1.
  • the PAPR reduction modules 134300-0 and 134300-1 reduce PAPR in the modulated OFDM symbol using at least one of an Active Constellation Extension (ACE) technique or a Tone Reservation technique.
  • ACE Active Constellation Extension
  • information required according to the PAPR reduction algorithm may be fed back to the pilot inserters 134100-0 and 134100-1.
  • the GI insertion module (134400-0, 134400-1) inserts a guard interval in the form of a cyclic prefix by copying the last portion of the effective OFDM symbol to the front of the corresponding OFDM symbol to insert the P1 symbol insertion module (134500-0, 134500-). Output to 1).
  • the GI information is signaled to the L1 pre signaling information.
  • part of the GI information is signaled to the P1 signaling information.
  • the P1 symbol insertion module 134500-0 and 134500-1 inserts a P1 symbol at the beginning of each signal frame and outputs the P1 symbol to the AP1 symbol insertion module 134600-0 and 134600-1.
  • the AP1 symbol insertion module 134600-0 and 134600-1 inserts the AP1 symbol after the P1 symbol and outputs the AP1 symbol to the DACs 134700-0 and 134700-1.
  • the insertion of the P1 symbol and the AP1 symbol may be performed by the P1 symbol insertion modules 134500-0 and 134500-1, in which case the AP1 symbol insertion modules 134600-0 and 134600-1 are omitted.
  • the DACs 134700-0 and 134700-1 convert each signal frame in which the AP1 symbol is inserted into an analog signal and transmit the same through the corresponding transmission antennas Tx1 and Tx2.
  • the MIMO encoder 131500-1 in the BICM module of FIG. 17 performs MIMO encoding using a MIMO encoding matrix. Thereafter, the MIMO encoder indicates the MIMO encoder 131500-1 in the BICM module of FIG. 17.
  • the MIMO encoding matrix of the present invention may include spatial multiplexing, golden code (GC), full-rate full diversity code, linear dispersion code, and the like. have.
  • MIMO encoding may be performed using the MIMO encoding matrix of the following first to third embodiments.
  • the present invention outputs a plurality of transmission signals by MIMO processing a plurality of input signals according to the parameters of the MIMO matrix and the MIMO matrix in order to have low system complexity, high data transmission efficiency, and high signal recovery performance in various channel environments.
  • a MIMO encoding is performed on a broadcast signal by using a MIMO encoder, and then transmitted through a plurality of transmission antennas.
  • a broadcast signal received by a plurality of reception antennas by a MIMO decoder is used.
  • MIMO decoding is performed.
  • the present invention may refer to a MIMO encoder as a MIMO processor, and may refer to a MIMO decoder as a ML (Maximum Likelihood) detector (or ML decoder).
  • the modulation scheme may be expressed by Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (M-QAM) or N-QAM. That is, when M (or N) is 2, Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) is represented by 2-QAM. When M (or N) is 4, quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) is represented by 4-QAM. In addition, if M (or N) is 16, 16-QAM, M (or N) is 64, 64-QAM, and if M (or N) is 256, 256-QAM. M and N represent the number of symbols used for modulation.
  • M-QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
  • N-QAM Binary Phase Shift Keying
  • QPSK quadrature phase shift keying
  • M + M QAM MIMO indicates that the QAM symbols used for MIMO encoding and MIMO decoding use the same M-QAM.
  • M + N QAM MIMO indicates that QAM symbols used for MIMO encoding and MIMO decoding use different M-QAMs and N-QAMs.
  • a channel environment in which transmit / receive paths are independent of each other is referred to as an un-correlated channel, and fully correlated to a channel environment having a high correlation between channels in a transmit / receive path such as a line of sight (LOS) environment. ) Channel.
  • LOS line of sight
  • the MIMO system is designed such that a signal received through the channel satisfies the following conditions.
  • the received signal should be able to represent all original signals.
  • the Euclidean distance means the distance between coordinates on the constellation.
  • the Hamming distance characteristic of the received signal should be good so as to lower the bit error rate.
  • the hamming distance represents the number of bits whose corresponding bit values do not coincide between binary codes having the same number of bits.
  • the present invention first proposes a MIMO encoding method using a MIMO encoding matrix including an encoding parameter (or encoding coefficient) a as shown in Equation 2 below.
  • the received signals 1 (Rx1) and 2 (Rx2) received by the receive antenna 1 and the receive antenna 2 are It is calculated as shown in Equation 3, and in particular, when the MIMO channel is correlated, it is calculated as shown in the last line of Equation 3.
  • S1 and S2 are designed to have different powers, respectively, to secure the toughness.
  • the MIMO encoder can encode input signals such that the input signals S1 and S2 have different powers according to the encoding parameter (or encoding coefficient) a, and that S1 and S2 are received in different distributions even in the correlation channel.
  • the input signals can be separated and recovered even if the receiver experiences a correlation channel. .
  • Equation 4 The MIMO encoding matrix of Equation 2 is expressed as Equation 4 in consideration of the normalization factor.
  • MIMO encoding of a MIMO encoder using a MIMO encoding matrix such as Equation 4 rotates the input signals by an arbitrary angle (theta) that can be represented by the encoding parameter a, such that the cosine and sine components (or real numbers) of the rotated signal
  • the component and the imaginary component may be separated and transmitted to different antennas by assigning +/ ⁇ signs to the separated components, respectively.
  • the MIMO encoder transmits the cosine component of the input signal S1 and the sine component of the input signal S2 to one transmission antenna, and the sine component of the input signal S1 and the -signed cosine component of the input signal S2 to another transmission antenna. Can be encoded.
  • the rotation angle changes according to the change of the encoding parameter a value, and the power (power) distribution between the input signals S1 and S2 varies according to the value and angle of this parameter. Since the changed power distribution can be expressed as the distance between the symbol coordinates in the constellation (that is, Euclidean distance), these encoded input signals are expressed in different constellations even though they undergo the correlating channel at the receiving end. It can be recovered separately.
  • the transmission signals received at the receiving side are represented by identifiable constellations having different Euclidean distances, respectively, so that they can be recovered from the correlation channel.
  • the MIMO encoder can encode the input signal S1 and the input signal S2 into signals having different Euclidean distances according to the value a, and the encoded signals can be received and recovered with constellations identifiable at the receiving end. have.
  • Equation 5 MIMO encoding of the input signal using the above-described MIMO encoding matrix
  • Equation 5 S1 and S2 represent normalized QAM symbols of constellations mapped in the constellation mapper of the MIMO path of the input signal S1 and the input signal S2, respectively.
  • X1 and X2 represent MIMO encoded symbols, respectively.
  • the MIMO encoder applies a matrix such as Equation 5 to the first input signal including the symbols corresponding to S1 and the second input signal including the symbols corresponding to S2 to include the symbols corresponding to X1.
  • Symbols of the transmission signal X2 including symbols corresponding to the first transmission signal and X2 may be output.
  • the MIMO encoder may perform encoding by further adjusting the encoding parameter a value while performing MIMO encoding on the input signals using the MIMO encoding matrix as described above. That is, consideration and adjustment of additional data recovery performance of the MIMO transmission / reception system may be optimized by adjusting the encoding parameter a, which will be described in detail below.
  • a value which is an encoding parameter, can be calculated in consideration of Euclidean distance.
  • the first embodiment of the present invention allows a signal added at the receiving side via an correlating MIMO channel to have a Euclidean distance such as a QAM signal.
  • the first embodiment of the present invention proposes a method of optimizing the value of a so that each symbol has the same Euclidean distance in the symbol constellation of the received signal passing through the correlation channel.
  • the MIMO encoder encodes the input signals using the above-described MIMO matrix
  • the received symbol is represented in the constellation of the received signal (that is, the signal added with the first transmission signal St1 and the second transmission signal St2) that has undergone the correlation channel.
  • the value of a may be expressed as shown in Equation 6 according to a combination of modulation schemes.
  • the distribution and constellation of transmission / reception symbols vary according to the modulation scheme of the received signal and combinations thereof, and the value of a for optimizing Euclidean distance also varies according to the distribution and constellation of symbols. Can be.
  • the MIMO encoding method according to the first embodiment of the present invention exhibits superior SNR performance over the GC scheme or the SM scheme in the correlated MIMO channel.
  • the SNR gain according to the first embodiment of the present invention is higher as the code rate of the outer code is higher.
  • SM cannot decode at all correlation channels at a code rate of 2/5 or higher, and reception of a service is impossible regardless of SNR.
  • the MIMO encoding method according to the first embodiment of the present invention shows the same performance as the SM in the uncorrelated channel, and shows the best performance compared to other schemes. Therefore, the MIMO encoding method according to the first embodiment of the present invention can obtain better performance while using a system having a lower complexity than the GC scheme, and obtain superior performance in the correlation channel compared to the SM scheme of similar complexity. can do.
  • a subset of the GC may be used as the MIMO encoding matrix in the MIMO encoding, in which case the MIMO encoding matrix is represented by Equation (7).
  • Performance is shown to be better than the first embodiment of the present invention when using an encoding matrix such as Equation (7).
  • Second Embodiment MIMO Encoding Method Considering Gray Mapping in addition to Euclidean Distance
  • a MIMO encoding method in which a received signal passing through a correlation channel has gray mapping while a value is set such that Euclidean distance is optimized.
  • the sign of the real and imaginary parts of S2 of the input signals S1 and S2 can be changed according to the value of S1 so as to perform gray mapping at the receiving end.
  • the change of the data value included in S2 may be performed using a method such as Equation 8 below.
  • the MIMO encoder may perform MIMO encoding by changing the sign of the input signal S2 according to the value of S1 while using the MIMO encoding matrix used in the first embodiment.
  • the MIMO encoding matrix is applied to the determined input signal S1 and the input signal S2, and the first transmission signal St1 and The second transmission signal St1 may be output.
  • the XOR operation is performed on the bit values assigned to the real part and the imaginary part of S1 in the input signals S1 and S2, and the sign of the real part and the imaginary part of S2 is determined according to the result.
  • the transmission signal 1 and the transmission signal 2 to which the MIMO encoding matrix is applied to the input signal S1 and the input signal S2 thus processed are transmitted from the transmission antenna 1 and the transmission antenna 2, respectively,
  • the received symbols will have a gray mapping. Therefore, the hamming distance between adjacent symbols in the constellation diagram does not exceed two.
  • the (M * N) -QAM signal (or (M * M) -QAM signal) received at the receiver has a minimum (or equivalent) Euclidean distance and gray mapping, so in the second embodiment, correlation correlated MIMO
  • the same performance as the SIMO method can be expected in the channel.
  • the value of S2 depends on S1 when the ML decoder decodes the received signal and acquires S1 and S2, complexity may increase, and performance may deteriorate due to correlation between input signals in an uncorrelated MIMO channel.
  • Third embodiment MIMO encoding method for setting MIMO encoding parameter in consideration of Hamming distance in addition to Euclidean distance
  • the value of a is set so that the Euclidean distance is optimized in consideration of the hamming distance of the received signal without the entire constellation of the received signal having the minimum Euclidean distance.
  • the third embodiment adjusts the Euclidean distance so that the power difference can compensate for the difference in recovery performance due to the difference in hamming distance.
  • the difference in the number of other bits is twice, and the interval having twice the hamming distance is adjusted more widely for the Euclidean distance to have more power so that the difference in the hamming distance when the received signal is recovered.
  • the deterioration of the performance can be compensated for.
  • the relative Euclidean distance in the received signal in which the two transmission signals St2 and St2 received by the receiver are combined is determined.
  • the MIMO encoder uses the above-described MIMO matrix to perform MIMO encoding such that the power of the input signals are distributed differently so that each has a different size Euclidean distance. That is, in the third embodiment, the MIMO encoder may perform MIMO encoding by calculating and setting the encoding parameter a value such that the power-distributed input signals have a Euclidean distance that compensates for a difference in hamming distance. The value may be expressed by Equation 9 according to a combination of modulation schemes.
  • Equation 9 the value shown in Equation 9 is the case where the constellation mapper performs QAM modulation on the input signals S1 and S2 with QPSK and 16QAM, respectively, and then normalizes the power to 1. Assume If you have not performed normalization, you can modify the value of a accordingly.
  • a value such as 4.0 may be used in addition to the above values. This is due to the characteristic that the added signal can represent both S1 and S2 in the QCK + 16QAM MIMO in the correlation channel.
  • the outer code may use a value of 4.0 or near instead of the value calculated by Equation 9 to compensate for the performance at a high code rate.
  • the second embodiment shows the same performance as SIMO in the correlating MIMO channel, so that there is no performance loss, and the MIMO method in the correlating MIMO channel is obtained. It can improve the disadvantages.
  • input data S1 and S2 are not independent of each other by MIMO encoding, and S2 changes according to S1, so that performance degradation occurs in the uncorrelated channel. Therefore, iterative ML detection may be used to solve a problem in which reception and decoding errors of S1 are reflected in S2 to cause additional errors in decoding errors of S2.
  • Iterative ML detection includes an outer code in an iterative loop, and converts the soft posterior probability value of S1 output from the outer code into the ML detector's prior probability value. By reducing the S1 detection error, the detection error of S1 is applied to the S2 detection.
  • the MIMO encoding method of the second embodiment can be used to represent the performance of the SIMO system in the correlated MIMO channel and the performance of the SM scheme in the uncorrelated MIMO channel.
  • the MIMO encoding method of the third embodiment is designed such that the received signal received through the correlated MIMO channel considers both the Hamming distance and the Euclidean distance. Therefore, it is confirmed that not only has good performance in the correlation correlated MIMO channel, but also the gain of the MIMO transmission / reception can be used because there is no performance loss in the uncorrelated MIMO channel compared to the SM scheme. In this case, the complexity of the receiver has a similar complexity to that of the SM scheme, which is advantageous in the implementation of the receiver.
  • the demuxes 131300-0, 131300-1, and 132300 in the BICM module of FIG. 17 arrange data so as to reduce the difference in robustness that occurs after symbol mapping and determine the number of bits transmitted per carrier.
  • the demuxes 131300-0, 131300-1, and 132300 are referred to as bit-cell demux for convenience of description.
  • the bit-cell demux of the present invention is used to optimize the error correction capability of the LDPC by appropriately placing different reliability caused by QAM modulation in the LDPC codeword.
  • LDPC coding is a linear error correcting code (linear error correcting code) as one of error correction coding methods for transmitting information with a minimum probability of information loss.
  • the LDPC block may be represented by parameters represented by N and K, where N represents a block length (# bits) and K represents a number of encoded information bits included in one LDPC block.
  • the amount of data that one LDPC block can transmit may be determined according to the size and code rate of the LDPC parity region.
  • the code rate applicable in the present invention may be one of 1/4, 2/5, 3/5, 1/2, 4/5, 1/3, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6. have.
  • the length of the LDPC block may be one of 16200 bits (or 16K) and 64800 bits (or 64K).
  • the LDPC codeword bits output from the FEC encoder are input to the bit interleaver, and the bit interleaver performs interleaving bit by bit in the LDPC block and outputs the bit-cell demux.
  • the bit-cell demux separates the input LDPC codeword bit stream into a plurality of bit streams.
  • the LDPC block length is 16800, and a modulation format used for symbol mapping is divided into two if QPSK, eight for 16QAM, 12 for 64QAM, and eight bit streams for 256QAM.
  • the number of sub-streams is 2, 8 for 16QAM, 12 for 64QAM, and 8 for 256QAM. If 256QAM, eight bits are in one bit group.
  • the order of output from the bit-cell demux may vary according to a predetermined condition or a reliability arrangement method. That is, the order of bits output from the bit-cell demux varies according to the arrangement of the reliability, the code rate, and the modulation method that appear when the corresponding bit group is mapped to the QAM symbol.
  • demultiplexing is to map the bit interleaved input bits, v di, to output bits, b e, do .
  • v di is the input of the bit-cell demux and di is the input bit number.
  • b e, do is the output of the bit-cell demux and do is the bit number of the given stream at the output of the bit-cell demux.
  • 20A to 20E show examples of output order of bit-cell demux according to each code rate when the LDPC block length is 16800 and the modulation format to be used for symbol mapping is 256QAM. If the modulation format is 256QAM, 8-bit units are mapped to one symbol.
  • FIG. 20 (a) shows the output order of bit-cell demux when the code rate is 1/4
  • the present invention uses the demux method as shown in FIG. 20 (a) as Type 1-1 of 256QAM. Let's do it. That is, in the case of type 1-1, when the bit interleaved input bits are input of bit-cell demux in the order of 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7, 5 in the bit-cell demux Output is in the order of 3,2,7,1,6,4,0.
  • the constellation mapper performs symbol mapping in the order of output from the bit-cell demux.
  • a reliability array of C, B, B, D, A, D, C, A from the first bit to the last bit of the LDPC codeword is obtained.
  • A, B, C, and D represent reliability when bits of the corresponding bit group output from the bit-cell demux are mapped to QAM symbols. Reliability is high in the order of A> B> C> D.
  • FIG. 20 (b) shows the output order of the bit-cell demux when the code rates are 2/5 and 3/5, and the present invention uses the demux method as shown in FIG. Let 1-2 be called. That is, in the case of type 1-2, when the bit interleaved input bits are input to the bit-cell demux in the order of 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7, the bit-cell demux is 5, The outputs are in the order of 1,0,7,3,6,4,2.
  • the constellation mapper performs symbol mapping in the order of output from the bit-cell demux. In this case, a reliability array of C, A, A, D, B, D, C, and B is obtained from the first bit to the last bit of the LDPC codeword.
  • (C) of FIG. 20 shows the output order of bit-cell demux when the code rate is 1/2.
  • the present invention uses the type 1-3 of 256QAM as the demux method of FIG. 20 (c). Let's do it. That is, in the case of type 1-3, when the bit interleaved input bits are input to the bit-cell demux in the order of 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7, the bit-cell demux is 7, Output is in the order of 3,1,6,5,2,4,0.
  • the constellation mapper performs symbol mapping in the order of output from the bit-cell demux. In this case, a reliability array of D, B, A, D, C, B, C, A from the first bit to the last bit of the LDPC codeword is obtained.
  • FIG. 20 (d) shows the output order of bit-cell demux when the code rate is 4/5
  • the present invention uses the demux method as shown in FIG. 20 (d) as Type 1-4 of 256QAM. Let's do it. That is, in the case of Type 1-4, when the bit interleaved input bits are input to the bit-cell demux in the order of 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7, the bit-cell demux is 3, Output is in the order 2,1,5,7,6,4,0.
  • the constellation mapper performs symbol mapping in the order of output from the bit-cell demux. In this case, a reliability array of B, B, A, C, D, D, C, A from the first bit to the last bit of the LDPC codeword is obtained.
  • Figure 20 (e) shows the output order of the bit-cell demux when the code rate is 1 / 3.2 / 3,3 / 4,5 / 6, the present invention is the same as the (e) of FIG.
  • the mux method is referred to as type 1-5 of 256QAM. That is, in the case of Type 1-5, when the bit interleaved input bits are input to the bit-cell demux in the order of 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7, the bit-cell demux is 7, Output is in the order of 3,1,5,2,6,4,0.
  • the constellation mapper performs symbol mapping in the order of output from the bit-cell demux. In this case, a reliability array of D, B, A, C, B, D, C, A from the first bit to the last bit of the LDPC codeword is obtained.
  • FIG. 21 illustrates an example of mapping relationship between an input bit and an output bit of a bit-cell demux according to the demux type of FIG. 20.
  • bits b0, b2, b4, b6 of (b0, b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7) corresponding to the QAM symbol bits determine the sign and size of the real part.
  • bit-cell demux behaves like a type 1-1 of 256QAM
  • the bit reordering in the bit-cell demux causes the last bit (v7) in one substream to be the sign bit of the real part
  • the fifth bit v4 is assigned to the sign bits b1,0 of the imaginary part.
  • the third, seventh, and sixth bits (v2, v6, v5) are sequentially allocated to the magnitude bits (b2, 0, b4, 0, b6, 0) of the real part, and the second, first, and fourth bits.
  • v1, v0, v3) are sequentially assigned to the size bits (b3,0, b5,0, b7,0) of the imaginary part.
  • mapping methods of the remaining types namely, type 1-2 to type 1-5, may be referred to the description of type 1-1, detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • FIG. 22 (a) shows the output order of bit-cell demux when the code rates are 1/4, 1/3, 2/5, 3/5, and the present invention is shown in FIG.
  • the same demux method will be referred to as type 2-1 of 256QAM. That is, in the type 2-1, when the bit interleaved input bits are input to the bit-cell demux in the order of 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7, the bit-cell demux is 5, It is output in the order of 1,3,7,0,6,4,2.
  • the constellation mapper performs symbol mapping in the order of output from the bit-cell demux. In this case, a reliability array of C, A, B, D, A, D, C, and B is obtained from the first bit to the last bit of the LDPC codeword.
  • FIG. 22 shows the output order of the bit-cell demux when the code rates are 1/2, 2/3, and 4/5, and the present invention provides a demux method as shown in FIG. 22 (b).
  • type 2-2 of 256QAM if the bit interleaved input bits are input to the bit-cell demux in the order of 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7, the bit-cell demux is 7, Output is in the order of 3,1,6,2,5,4,0.
  • the constellation mapper performs symbol mapping in the order of output from the bit-cell demux. In this case, a reliability array of D, B, A, D, B, C, C, A from the first bit to the last bit of the LDPC codeword is obtained.
  • FIG. 22 (c) shows the output order of bit-cell demux when the code rates are 1/4, 1/3, 2/3, 4/5, 3/4, 5/6, and the present invention.
  • the demux method as shown in FIG. 22 (c) will be referred to as type 2-3 of 256QAM. That is, in the case of type 2-3, when the bit interleaved input bits are input to the bit-cell demux in the order of 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7, the bit-cell demux is 7, Output is in the order of 3,1,5,2,6,4,0.
  • the constellation mapper performs symbol mapping in the order of output from the bit-cell demux. In this case, a reliability array of D, B, A, C, B, D, C, and A is obtained from the first bit to the last bit of one LDPC code word.
  • the number of bit-cell demuxes can be reduced compared to FIG. 20, thereby reducing the complexity of the system.
  • FIG. 23 illustrates an example of mapping relationship between an input bit and an output bit of a bit-cell demux according to the demux type of FIG. 22.
  • bit-cell demux operates in the same way as Type 2-1 of 256QAM
  • the constellation mapper uses bit rearrangement of bit-cell demux, so that bit 5 in the sub-stream (v4) is the sign bit of the real part ( b0,0, and the second bit v1 is assigned to the sign bits b1,0 of the imaginary part.
  • the eighth, seventh, and sixth bits (v7, v6, v5) are sequentially assigned to the magnitude bits (b2, 0, b4, 0, b6, 0) of the real part, and the third, first, and fourth bits.
  • v2, v0, v3 are sequentially assigned to the size bits (b3, 0, b5, 0, b7, 0) of the imaginary part.
  • mapping methods of the remaining types namely, type 2-2 and type 2-3, may be referred to the description of type 2-1, detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • FIG. 24 show other embodiments of the output order of bit-cell demux according to each code rate when the LDPC block length is 16800 and the modulation format to be used for symbol mapping is 256QAM. have.
  • Figure 24 (a) shows the output sequence of the bit-cell demux when the code rate is 2/5, 3/5
  • the present invention is a 256QAM type of the demux method as shown in Figure 24 (a)
  • This is referred to as 3-1. That is, in the case of type 3-1, when the bit interleaved input bits are input to the bit-cell demux in the order of 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7, the bit-cell demux is 5, The outputs are in the order of 1,0,7,3,6,4,2.
  • the constellation mapper performs symbol mapping in the order of output from the bit-cell demux. In this case, a reliability array of C, A, A, D, B, D, C, and B is obtained from the first bit to the last bit of the LDPC codeword.
  • FIG. 24 (b) shows the output order of the bit-cell demux when the code rate is 1/2.
  • the present invention uses the demux method as shown in FIG. 24 (b) as type 3-2 of 256QAM. Let's do it. That is, in the case of type 3-2, when the bit interleaved input bits are input to the bit-cell demux in the order of 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7, the bit-cell demux is 7, Output is in the order of 3,1,6,5,2,4,0.
  • the constellation mapper performs symbol mapping in the order of output from the bit-cell demux. In this case, a reliability array of D, B, A, D, C, B, C, A from the first bit to the last bit of the LDPC codeword is obtained.
  • FIG. 24 (c) shows the output order of bit-cell demux when the code rates are 1/4, 1/3, 2/3, 4/5, 3/4, 5/6, and the present invention.
  • the demux method as shown in FIG. 24 (c) will be referred to as type 3-3 of 256QAM.
  • Type 3-3 performs demultiplexing in the same manner as type 2-3. Therefore, type 3-3 may be referred to as type 2-3.
  • the number of bit-cell demuxes can be reduced compared to FIG. 20, thereby reducing the complexity of the system.
  • FIG. 25 (a) to (c) illustrate embodiments of output order of bit-cell demux according to each code rate when the LDPC block length is 16800 and the modulation format to be used for symbol mapping is 64QAM.
  • the modulation format is 64QAM, 6-bit units are mapped to one symbol.
  • FIG. 25 (a) shows the output order of bit-cell demux when the code rates are 2/5 and 3/5, and the present invention uses the demux method of 64QAM as shown in FIG. 25 (a). 2-1. That is, in the case of Type 2-1 of 64QAM, when the bit interleaved input bits are input as bit-cell demux in the order of 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11 In the bit-cell demux, 5, 6, 1, 7, 9, 11, 3, 8, 10, 4, 2, and 0 are output. The constellation mapper performs symbol mapping in the order of output from the bit-cell demux.
  • FIG. 25 (b) shows the output order of the bit-cell demux when the code rate is 1/2.
  • the present invention uses the demux method of FIG. 25 (b) as type 2-2 of 64QAM. Let's do it. That is, in the case of Type 2-2 of 64QAM, when the bit interleaved input bits are input as bit-cell demux in the order of 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11 In the bit-cell demux, 5, 11, 7, 1, 8, 10, 4, 9, 6, 2, 3, and 0 are output.
  • the constellation mapper performs symbol mapping in the order of output from the bit-cell demux. In this case, a reliability array of C, C, A, A, B, C, C, B, A, B, B, A from the first bit to the last bit of the LDPC codeword is obtained.
  • FIG. 25C shows the output order of bit-cell demux when the code rate is 1/4, 1/3, 2/3, 4/5, 3/4, 5/6.
  • the demux method as shown in FIG. 25 (c) will be referred to as type 2-3 of 64QAM. That is, in the case of Type 2-3 of 64QAM, if the bit interleaved input bits are input as bit-cell demux in the order of 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11 In the bit-cell demux, 11,7,3,10,6,2,9,5,1,8,4,0 are output.
  • the constellation mapper performs symbol mapping in the order of output from the bit-cell demux. In this case, a reliability array of C, A, B, C, A, B, B, C, A, B, C, A from the first bit to the last bit of the LDPC codeword is obtained.
  • 26 (a) and 26 (b) show embodiments of output order of bit-cell demux according to each code rate when the LDPC block length is 16800 and the modulation format to be used for symbol mapping is 16QAM.
  • Figure 26 (a) shows the output order of the bit-cell demux when the code rate is 1/2
  • the present invention is a type 2-2 of 16QAM as the demux method of Figure 26 (a) Let's do it. That is, in the type 2-2, when the bit interleaved input bits are input to the bit-cell demux in the order of 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7, the bit-cell demux is 3, The output is in the order of 1,5,7,6,4,2,0.
  • the constellation mapper performs symbol mapping in the order of output from the bit-cell demux. In this case, a reliability array of B, A, A, B, B, A, B, A from the first bit to the last bit of the LDPC codeword is obtained.
  • FIG. 26B shows the bit-cell demux when the code rates are 1/4, 1/3, 2/5, 3/5, 2/3, 4/5, 3/4, 5/6.
  • the output order is shown.
  • the demux method as shown in FIG. 26 (b) will be referred to as type 2-3 of 16QAM. That is, in the case of type 2-3, when the bit interleaved input bits are input to the bit-cell demux in the order of 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7, the bit-cell demux is 7, Output is in the order of 1,4,2,5,3,6,0.
  • the constellation mapper performs symbol mapping in the order of output from the bit-cell demux. In this case, a reliability array of B, A, A, B, A, B, B, A from the first bit to the last bit of the LDPC codeword is obtained.
  • the demux type may vary depending on, for example, a symbol mapping method or a code rate of error correction encoding.
  • different demux types may be used depending on the symbol mapping scheme, code rate, and reliability arrangement illustrated.
  • the bit rearrangement is performed according to the modulation format and the code rate in the bit-cell demux, and after the symbol mapping is performed according to the modulation format in the constellation mapper, the transmitted signal is an LDPC codeword in the cell-bit mux of the receiver. Obtain the original array of and output it to the FEC decoder.
  • FIG. 27 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a broadcast signal receiving apparatus (or broadcast signal receiver or receiver) according to the present invention.
  • the broadcast signal receiving apparatus may include an OFDM demodulator 138100, a frame demapper 138200, a BICM decoder 138300, and an output processor 138300.
  • the frame demapper 138200 may also be referred to as a frame parser.
  • the OFDM demodulator 138100 converts signals in a time domain, which are received by a plurality of receiving antennas and are digitally converted, into signals in a frequency domain.
  • the frame demapper 138200 outputs PLPs for a required service among signals converted into a frequency domain.
  • the BICM decoder 138300 corrects an error caused by a transport channel, and the output processor 138300 performs processes necessary to generate an output TS or an IP or GS stream.
  • the OFDM demodulator of FIG. 28 is an embodiment of an OFDM demodulator 138100 of a broadcast signal receiving apparatus according to the present invention.
  • the OFDM demodulator of FIG. 28 is an OFDM demodulator that performs a reverse process of the OFDM generator of FIG. 19.
  • two reception antennas Rx1 and Rx2 are used to receive a broadcast signal transmitted through MIMO or MISO.
  • a polarity multiplexing MIMO scheme is used.
  • the OFDM demodulator 138100 of FIG. 28 includes a first receiver for OFDM demodulating a signal received through a first receiving antenna Rx1 and a second receiver for OFDM demodulating a signal received through a second receiving antenna Rx2. do.
  • the first receiver includes a tuner 139000-0, an ADC 139100-0, a P1 symbol detector 139200-0, an AP1 symbol detector 139250-0, a time / frequency synchronizer 139300-0, and a GI canceller.
  • the method includes a (139400-0), an FFT module (139500-0), and a channel estimator (139600-0).
  • the second receiver includes a tuner 139000-1, an ADC 139100-1, a P1 symbol detector 139200-1, an AP1 symbol detector 139250-1, a time / frequency synchronizer 139300-1, and a GI canceller.
  • the processor 139400-1, the FFT module 139500-1, and the channel estimator 139600-1 are included.
  • the OFDM demodulator further includes a MISO decoder 139700 at the output of the first and second receivers.
  • the MISO decoder 139700 may also be referred to as an MISO processor.
  • the present invention will be described in detail with respect to the blocks of the first receiver. Since the operation of each block of the second receiver is the same as the operation of the same block of the first receiver, a detailed description of the second receiver will be omitted.
  • the tuner 139000-0 of the first receiver may select only signals of a desired frequency band.
  • the tuner 139000-0 has a frequency hopping (FH) function to be applied to a TFS system.
  • the ADC 139100-0 converts an analog broadcast signal input through a first path (eg, V-path) into a digital broadcast signal.
  • the P1 symbol detector (139200-0) detects a P1 symbol from a digital broadcast signal and finds out what frame configuration the currently received signal has using the P1 signaling information transmitted as the P1 symbol.
  • the AP1 symbol detector 139250-0 detects and decodes an AP1 symbol that transmits AP1 signaling information among digital broadcast signals to obtain pilot pattern information of a current signal frame.
  • the detection and decoding of the P1 symbol and the AP1 symbol may be performed by the P1 symbol detector 139200-0, in which case the AP1 symbol detector 139250-0 is omitted.
  • the time / frequency synchronization unit 139300-0 performs GI extraction, time synchronization, and carrier frequency synchronization using at least one of the P1 signaling information and the AP1 signaling information.
  • the GI remover 139400-0 removes the GI from the synchronized signal, and the FFT module 139500-0 converts the GI-removed signal into a signal in the frequency domain.
  • the channel estimator 139600-0 estimates a transmission channel from a transmission antenna to a reception antenna using a pilot signal inserted in a signal in a frequency domain.
  • the channel estimator 139600-0 may perform channel equalization to compensate for distortion of a transmission channel based on the estimated transmission channel. Channel equalization is optional.
  • the MISO decoder 139700 performs MISO decoding on the data output from the channel estimator 139600-0.
  • the MISO decoder 139700 of the present invention may perform four operations when MISO decoding is performed on MISO PLP data and L1 signaling data. Each operation is described below.
  • the MISO decoder 139700 when the MISO decoder 139700 does not perform channel equalization with respect to the MISO PLP in the channel estimators 139600-0 and 139600-1 included in the first receiver and the second receiver, the MISO decoder 139700 performs a channel for all transmittable reference points. After applying the effect of the estimation, the LLR value can be calculated. Therefore, the same effect as that of channel equalization can be obtained.
  • the MISO decoder 139700 may perform the following operations according to the operation of the constellation mapper included in the BICM module of the broadcast signal transmitter. For example, when the constellation is rotated by an angle in the constellation mapper and only the Q-phase component of the constellation is delayed to an arbitrary value, the MISO decoder 139700 delays only the I-phase component of the constellation to an arbitrary value. 2D-LLR value can be calculated by considering the rotation angle of constellation.
  • the MISO decoder 139700 may adjust the 2-D LLR value based on the normal QAM. Can be calculated
  • the MISO decoder 139700 may select the MISO decoding matrix and perform MISO decoding so that an inverse process may be performed according to the MISO encoding matrix used in the MISO encoder included in the OFMD generator described with reference to FIG. 19.
  • the MISO decoder 139700 may combine MISO PLP data input through two reception antennas.
  • the signal combining method according to the present invention may include maximum ratio combining, equal gain combining, selective combining, and the like. In this case, the MISO decoder 139700 may maximize the SNR of the combined signal to obtain a diversity effect.
  • the MISO decoder 139700 may perform MISO decoding on one signal on which signal combining is performed, and may combine MISO decoded signals after performing MISO decoding on two antenna inputs.
  • the MISO decoder 139700 may perform MIMO decoding on MIMO PLP data input through the first path and the second path. In this case, the same operations as the above-described MISO decoding may be performed, but the last of four operations, that is, the signal combining operation, is not performed.
  • FIG. 29 illustrates an embodiment of any one of the P1 symbol detectors 139200-0 and 139200-1.
  • the P1 symbol detectors 139200-0 and 139200-1 are also referred to as C-A-B preamble detectors.
  • the present invention describes the P1 detector 139200-0 of the first receiver as an embodiment.
  • the P1 detector 139200-1 of the second receiver follows an operation description of the P1 detector 139200-0 of the first receiver.
  • the signals digitally converted by the respective ADCs 139100-0 are input to the down shifter 139801, the first conjugator 139803, and the second delayer 139806 of the P1 symbol detector 139200-0. do.
  • the down shifter 139801 is connected to an input signal. Inverse modulation is performed by multiplying the values. When the inverse modulation is performed in the down shifter 139801, the frequency shifted input signal is restored to the original signal. The inversely modulated signal is output to the first delayer (139802) and the second conjugator (139807).
  • the first delayer 139802 delays the inversely modulated signal by the length T C of the C part and outputs the delayed signal to the first condenser 139803.
  • the first conjugator 139803 complex-conjugates the signal delayed by the length T C of the C part, and then multiplies the signal by the input signal to output the first filter 139804.
  • the third delayer 139805 delays the filtered signal by the length T A of the A part (that is, the effective symbol) and outputs the delayed signal to the multiplier 139809.
  • the second delay unit 139806 delays the input signal by the length T B of the B part and outputs the delayed signal to the second conjugator 139807.
  • the second conjugator 139807 complex-conjugates the signal delayed by the length T B of the B part, and then multiplies the signal by the inversely modulated signal to output the second filter 139808.
  • the multiplier 139809 multiplies the output of the second filter 139809 by a signal delayed by the length T A of the A part. By doing so, the P1 symbol can be detected from each signal frame of the received broadcast signal.
  • the length of C (T C), the length (T B) of B can be obtained by applying the equation (1).
  • the AP1 symbol detectors 139250-0 and 139250-1 may also be referred to as F-D-E preamble detectors.
  • the present invention describes the AP1 detector 139250-0 of the first receiver in one embodiment.
  • the AP1 detector 139250-1 of the second receiver follows an operation description of the AP1 detector 139250-0 of the first receiver.
  • the signal digitally converted by the ADC 139100-0 or the signal output from the P1 symbol detector 139200-0 may be an up shifter 139901 or a first conjugator 139903 of the AP1 symbol detector 139250-0. ), And to the second delayer 139906.
  • the up shifter 139901 is connected to an input signal. Inverse modulation is performed by multiplying the values. When inverse modulation is performed in the up shifter 139901, the frequency shifted input signal is restored to the original signal. That is, the upshifter 139901 of FIG. 30 has the same structure as the downshifter 139801 of the P1 symbol detector 139200-0, except that the frequency direction of inverse modulation is reversed. The inversely modulated signal from the up shifter 139901 is output to the first delay unit 139902 and the second conjugator 139907.
  • the first delay unit 139902 delays the inversely modulated signal by the length T F of the F part and outputs the delayed signal to the first conjugator 139903.
  • the first conjugator 139903 complex-conjugates the signal delayed by the length T F of the F part, and then multiplies the signal by the input signal and outputs the multiplied signal to the first filter 139904.
  • the third delayer 139905 delays the filtered signal by the length T D of the D part (that is, the effective symbol) and outputs the delayed signal to the multiplier 139909.
  • the second delayer 139906 delays the input signal by the length T E of the E part and outputs the delayed signal to the second conjugator 139907.
  • the second conjugator 139907 complex-conjugates the signal delayed by the length T E of the E part, and then multiplies the signal by the inversely modulated signal and outputs the signal to the second filter 139908.
  • the multiplier 139909 multiplies the output of the second filter 139909 by a signal delayed by the length T D of the D part. In this way, the AP1 symbol can be detected from each signal frame of the received broadcast signal.
  • the length T F and the length T E of F can be obtained by applying Equation 1 above.
  • FIG. 31 illustrates an embodiment of the frame demapper 138200 of the apparatus for receiving broadcast signals according to the present invention, and is suitable for processing the output of the OFDM demodulator of FIG.
  • the frame demapper 138200 performs an inverse process of the frame builder 100300 of the apparatus for transmitting broadcast signals of FIG. 18.
  • the frame demapper of FIG. 31 includes a first frame demapping block 140100 for processing data input through a first path and a second frame demapping block 140200 for processing data input through a second path. It may include.
  • the first frame demapping block 140100 includes a first frequency deinterleaver 140101, a first cell demapper 140102, a first combiner 140103, a second combiner 140104, and a third combiner 140105.
  • the second frame demapping block 140200 may include a second frequency deinterleaver 140201 and a second cell demapper 140202.
  • first frequency deinterleaver 140101 and the first cell demapper 140102 and the second frequency deinterleaver 140201 and the second cell demapper 140202 may operate the same for the first path and the second path. Can operate independently.
  • the first frequency deinterleaver 140101 and the second frequency deinterleaver 140201 may perform deinterleaving on a cell-by-cell basis in the frequency domain for data input through the first path and the second path, respectively.
  • the first cell demapper 140102 and the second cell demapper 140202 may extract common PLP data, PLP data, and L1 signaling data on a cell basis from the deinterleaved data.
  • the extracted PLP data may include MISO decoded MISO PLP data and MIMO decoded MIMO PLP data
  • the extracted L1 signaling data may include information about a current transport frame and a next transport frame. Also, if subslicing is performed on the PLP data at the transmitter, the sub-slice processors of the first cell demapper 140102 and the second cell demapper 140202 may merge the sliced PLP data to generate one stream. have.
  • the first combiner 140103 may perform signal combining of the MISO decoded MISO PLP data when the MISO decoder of the OFDM modulator does not perform signal combining on the MISO decoded MISO PLP data.
  • the second combiner 140104 and the third combiner 140105 perform the same functions as the first combiner 140103 except that operations are performed on the L1-pre signaling data and the L1-post signaling data, respectively.
  • MISO PLP data, MIMO PLP data, and signaling data which are frame demapping data, that is, data output through a first path, are input to a BICM decoder through a path from SRx_k to SRx_post, MIMO PLP data output through the second path is input to the BICM decoder in a path from SRx_m + 1 to SRx_n + 1.
  • the BICM decoder 32 is an embodiment of a BICM decoder of a broadcast signal receiving apparatus according to the present invention, and is suitable for processing an output of the frame demapper of FIG.
  • the BICM decoder performs an inverse process of the BICM module of the broadcast signal transmitting apparatus of FIG. 17.
  • the BICM decoder of FIG. 32 includes a first BICM decoding block 150100 that receives MISO PLP data through one path SRx_k and processes MIMO PLP data through two paths SRx_m and SRx_m + 1.
  • the third BICM decoding block 150500 also includes a first decoding block for processing L1-pre signaling data and a second decoding block for processing L1-post signaling data.
  • the MISO PLP data and the L1 signaling data are MISO decoded and input by the OFDM demodulator of FIG. 31, and the MIMO PLP data is MIMO decoded by the BICM decoder of FIG. 32.
  • the BICM decoder of the present invention can apply the MISO method independently to the data input from each path, and can apply the MIMO method.
  • the first BICM decoding block 150100 includes a time deinterleaver 150101, a cell deinterleaver 150102, a constellation demapper 150103, a mux 150104, a bit deinterleaver 150105, and an FEC decoder 150106. It may include.
  • the time deinterleaver 150101 performs time-domain deinterleaving on the MISO-decoded data input by the OFDM modulator to restore the original position, and the cell deinterleaver 150102 performs a cell unit on the time deinterleaved data. Deinterleaving may be performed.
  • the constellation demapper 150103 may perform the following functions according to the operation of the MISO decoder 139700 of the OFDM demodulator.
  • the constellation demapper 150103 may calculate an LLR value. Specifically, it is as follows. When the constellation rotation and the Q-phase component delay are performed in the constellation mapper included in the BICM module of the broadcast signal transmitting apparatus shown in FIG. 17, the constellation demapper 150103 delays the I-phase component and then LLR. The value can be calculated. If the constellation rotation and the Q-phase component delay are not performed in the constellation mapper included in the BICM module of the broadcast signal transmitter, the constellation demapper 150103 may calculate the LLR value based on the normal QAM.
  • the method of calculating the LLR value may include a method of calculating a 2-D LLR and a method of calculating a 1-D LLR value.
  • a method of calculating a 2-D LLR may be performed to reduce the complexity of the LLR calculation.
  • the mux 150104 may restore the demapped data in the form of a bit stream. That is, the mux 150104 restores the original order when the output order of the bits in the demux on the transmitting side is adjusted and transmitted.
  • the bit deinterleaver 150105 performs deinterleaving on the input bit stream in units of bits, and the FEC decoder 150106 performs FEC decoding on the data on which bit deinterleaving is performed to correct an error on a transmission channel to correct MISO. Output PLP data.
  • an LDPC decoding and / or BCH decoding method is used as a decoding method.
  • the second BICM decoding block 150300 may include a first time deinterleaver 150301 and a second time deinterleaver 150401, a first cell deinterleaver 150302, a second cell deinterleaver 150402, and a first constellation D.
  • the mapper 150303 and the second constellation demapper 150403, the mux 150305, the bit deinterleaver 150306, and the FEC decoder 150307 may be included.
  • the first time deinterleaver 150301 and the second time deinterleaver 150401 may perform deinterleaving of the input data on a cell-by-cell basis in order to restore the original data in the original data order.
  • the first cell deinterleaver 150302 and the second cell deinterleaver 150402 perform cell deinterleaving only for data corresponding to half the size of a cell included in one FEC block among data input through each path. Can be done.
  • cell deinterleaving by the first cell deinterleaver 150301 and the second cell deinterleaver 150402 may have the same effect as the deinterleaving of the MISO cell deinterleaver 150102 using one FEC block. .
  • the MIMO decoder 150303 performs MIMO decoding on data output from the first and second cell deinterleavers 150302 and 150402.
  • the MIMO decoder 150303 may perform the fourth operation of the four operations of the MISO decoder 139700 of the OFDM demodulator of FIG. 28, ie, other operations except the signal combining operation, in the same manner as the MISO decoder 139700.
  • the MIMO decoder 150303 may perform decoding using the MIMO encoding matrixes of the first to third embodiments described above.
  • the first constellation demapper 150304, the second constellation demapper 150404, the mux 150305, the bit deinterleaver 150306 and the FEC decoder 150307 are identical to those of the first BICM decoding block 150100 described above. Refer to the operation description of the block.
  • the third BICM decoding block 150500 includes a first decoding block for processing L1-pre signaling data and a second decoding block for processing L1-post signaling data.
  • the L1-pre signaling data and the L1-post signaling data are MISO decoded by the MISO decoder 139700 of the OFDM demodulator of FIG. 28 and input.
  • the first decoding block includes a time deinterleaver 150501, a cell deinterleaver 150502, a constellation demapper 150503, and an FEC decoder 150504, and the second decoding block includes a time deinterleaver 150601, a cell deinterleaver. It may include an interleaver 150602, a constellation demapper 150603, a mux 150604, a bit deinterleaver 150605, and an FEC decoder 150606.
  • the FEC decoders 150504 and 150606 perform FEC decoding after de-shortening and de-puncturing the input data.
  • the first BICM decoding block 150100 outputs BICM decoded MISO PLP data
  • the second BICM decoding block 150300 outputs BICM decoded MIMO PLP data to an output processor.
  • the L1-pre signaling data processed by BICM in the first decoding block of the third BICM decoding block 150500 and the L1-post signaling data processed by the BICM decoding in the second decoding block are also output to the output processor.
  • the MIMO decoder 150303 is located between the first and second cell deinterleavers 150302 and 150402 and the first and second constellation demappers 150304 and 150404.
  • the MIMO decoder of the second BICM decoding block 150300 may be located in front of the first and second time deinterleavers 150301 and 150401.
  • 33 is a view illustrating an output processor 138300 of a broadcast signal receiving apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG 33 illustrates an embodiment of the output processor 138300 when there is only one output stream (or one PLP input), which performs the reverse process of the input processor 100100 and the input pre-processor 100000. In one embodiment.
  • the output processor 138300 may include a BB descrambler 190100, a padding remover 190200, a CRC-8 decoder 190300, and a BB frame processor 190400.
  • the BB descrambler 190100 descrambles the input bit stream. That is, the BB descrambler 190100 descrambles the bit stream and the input bit stream generated in the same manner as the PRBS processed by the BB scrambler 110500 of FIG. 14.
  • the padding remover 190200 removes the padding bit inserted in the broadcast signal transmission apparatus as necessary.
  • the CRC-8 decoder 190300 performs CRC decoding on the input bit stream, and the BB frame processor 190400 decodes information included in a BB frame header and then uses TS / IP using the decoded information. / GS Restore and output the stream.
  • 34 is yet another embodiment of an output processor 138300 of the apparatus for receiving broadcast signals according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 34 illustrates an embodiment of an output processor 138300 when there are a plurality of output streams, that is, a plurality of PLPs.
  • the output processor 138300 of FIG. 34 is suitable for configuring one service by extracting components from each PLP when the components constituting the service are received by different PLPs.
  • the output processor of FIG. 34 includes n + 1 BB descramblers 193100-0 through n, n + 1 padding removers 193200-0 through n, and n + 1 CRC-8 for processing n PLPs.
  • the CRC-8 decoders 193300-0-n and n + 1 null packet inserters 193600-0-n are omitted in the block diagram of FIG. 34. Or bypass the blocks. For example, since the IP packet is reproduced buffered according to the time stamp at the receiver, there is no need to delay data at the transmitter and no addition / deletion of null packets is required.
  • the BB descramblers 193100-0 to n, the padding removers 193200-0 to n, the CRC-8 decoders 193300-0 to n, and the BB frame processors 193400-0 to n Each operation of) is the same as the operation of the corresponding block of FIG. 33, and the description of FIG. 33 will be referred to and will be omitted here. In FIG. 34, a portion different from that of FIG. 33 will be described.
  • the de-jitter buffers 193500-0 to n compensate for a delay arbitrarily inserted in a transmission terminal according to a time to output parameter (TTO) for sinking a plurality of PLPs.
  • TTO time to output parameter
  • the null packet inserters 193600-0 to n insert the null packet removed at the transmitter by referring to the deleted null packet (DNP) information indicating the number of deleted null packets at a corresponding position of the TS.
  • the TS clock regenerator 193800 may restore detailed time synchronization of the output packet based on an input stream time reference (ISCR).
  • the TS recombiner 193900 is also referred to as TS merger, and restores the recovered common PLP and data PLPs to the original TS or IP stream or GS stream.
  • the TTO, DNP, and ISCR information are all included in the BB frame header and transmitted.
  • the in-band signaling decoders 193700-m to n restore and output in-band signaling information transmitted through the data PLP.
  • a single service is configured as a common PLP, a video component PLP, an audio component PLP, and a data component PLP through the input pre-processor 100000 and the input processor 100100 of the transmitter as shown in FIG.
  • the de-jitter buffers 193500-0 to n of FIG. 34 output the plurality of PLPs to the null packet inserters 193600-0 to n, as shown in FIG. 9B, and the null packet inserter. (193600-0 ⁇ n) inserts the null packet removed from the transmitter by referring to the DNP information at the corresponding position of the TS.
  • the TS combiner 193900 merges valid packets of the common TS, the video component TS, the audio component TS, and the data component TS the TS constituting one service is output as shown in FIG.
  • the output processor of the present invention may further include an L1 signaling decoder.
  • the L1 signaling decoder may further include first and second BB descramblers.
  • the first BB descrambler descrambles the L1-pre signaling information output from the FEC decoder 150504 of the third BICM decoding module 150500
  • the second BB descrambler decodes the third BICM decoding module 150500.
  • the descrambled L1-post signaling information output from the FEC decoder 150606 is output to the L1 signaling decoder. That is, the first and second BB descramblers XOR the bit stream and the input bit stream generated in the same manner as the PRBS processed by the first and second BB scramblers of the transmitter to perform descrambling.
  • the L1 signaling decoder decodes the descrambled L1-pre signaling data and L1-post signaling data to restore L1 signaling information.
  • the recovered L1 signaling information includes L1-pre signaling information and L1-post signaling information.
  • the L1-post signaling information includes configurable L1-post signaling information and dynamic L1-post signaling information.
  • the L1 signaling information reconstructed by the L1 signaling decoder is transmitted to a system controller so that a broadcast signal receiver can perform operations such as bit interleaved coding and modulation (BICM) decoding, frame demapping, orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM) demodulation, and the like. Provide them.
  • BICM bit interleaved coding and modulation
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplex
  • the L1 signaling decoder may be located at the output of the FEC decoders 150504 and 150606 of the third BICM decoding module 150500 of the BICM decoder 138300 instead of the output processor.
  • a first BB descrambler may be further included between the L1 signaling decoder and the FEC decoder 150504, and a second BB descrambler may be further included between the L1 signaling decoder and the FEC decoder 150606.
  • the operation description of the first and second BB descramblers and the L1 signaling decoder is the same as the operation description of the corresponding block of the output processor.
  • FIG. 35 is a block diagram illustrating still another embodiment of a broadcast signal receiving apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 35 is a block diagram of a broadcast signal receiving apparatus when a stream type input to an input pre-processor of a transmitter is TS. .
  • the broadcast signal receiving apparatus of FIG. 23 is suitable for configuring one service by extracting components from each PLP when components constituting one service are received by different PLPs.
  • the plurality of PLP deinterleaving and demodulator modules 210500 which respectively perform deinterleaving and demodulation on the plurality of PLPs, are similar to the operations of the BICM decoder 138300 described above, respectively, and the BBFs for the plurality of PLPs.
  • BBF BaseBand Frame
  • a plurality of BBF decoders and null packet reconstruction modules 210600 and TS merger 210700 that output TS by reconstructing and reconstructing null packets are similar to those of the output processor 138400 described above.
  • the L1 decoder 210300 corresponds to the aforementioned L1 signaling decoder.
  • the PLP selecting module 210400 controls the frame demapper 210200 such that only PLPs of components constituting the selected service are output from the frame demapper 210200.
  • Service selection may be made at the request of the user or may be made automatically by the system.
  • the OFDM demodulator 210100 decodes the P1 / AP1 signaling information and the L1 decoder 210600 decodes the L1 / L2 signaling information to obtain information about a transport frame structure and a PLP configuration.
  • components constituting a service are received in a plurality of PLPs.
  • the broadcast receiver may know to which PLPs the components constituting the service are included.
  • the PLP selecting module 210400 controls the frame demapper 210200, and the frame demapper 210200 outputs a plurality of PLP data including components corresponding to the selected service.
  • the plurality of PLP data are deinterleaved / demodulated in the corresponding PLP deinterleaving and demodulator modules, respectively, and the BBF decoding / null packet reconstruction processing is performed in the BBF decoder and null packet reconstruction module, and then selected in the TS merger 210700. Merged into a TS for the service.
  • a single service is configured as a common PLP, a video component PLP, an audio component PLP, and a data component PLP through the input pre-processor 100000 and the input processor 100100 of the transmitter as shown in FIG.
  • the BBF decoders of FIG. 23 output a plurality of PLPs to the null packet reconstruction modules as shown in FIG. 9 (b), and the null packet reconstruction modules refer to the null packet removed from the transmitter by referring to DNP information. Insert it in the corresponding position of.
  • FIG. 9A or FIG.
  • the common TS, the video component TS, the audio component TS, and the data component TS into which the null packet is inserted are output to the TS merger 210700.
  • TS merger 210700 When the merged valid packets of the common TS, the video component TS, the audio component TS, and the data component TS are merged in the TS merger 210700, TS constituting one service is output as shown in FIG.
  • the broadcast signal receiving apparatus when the stream type input to the input pre-processor of the transmitter is an IP stream format or a GSE stream format. It is a block diagram of the configuration.
  • the broadcast signal receiving apparatus of FIG. 36 is suitable for configuring one service by extracting components from each PLP when components constituting one service are received by different PLPs.
  • the broadcast signal receiving apparatus of FIG. 36 includes an OFDM demodulator 220100, a frame demapper 220200, an L1 decoder 220300, a PLP selecting module 220400, a plurality of PLP deinterleaving and demodulator modules 220500, and a plurality of BBFs.
  • a decoder 220600 and a buffer unit 220700 are included.
  • the buffer unit 220700 may include a PSI / SI (IP Service Information) buffer, a bootstrap buffer, a metadata buffer, an audio buffer, a video buffer, and a data buffer according to the type of data.
  • PSI / SI IP Service Information
  • the plurality of PLP deinterleaving and demodulator modules 220500 which respectively perform deinterleaving and demodulation on the plurality of PLPs are similar to the operations of the BICM decoder 138300 described above, respectively, and each of the BBFs for the plurality of PLPs.
  • the plurality of BBF decoders 220600 that perform decoding to output an IP stream are similar to the operation of the output processor 138400 described above.
  • the L1 decoder 220300 corresponds to the aforementioned L1 signaling decoder.
  • the PLP selecting module 220400 controls the frame demapper 220200 such that only PLPs of components constituting the selected service are output from the frame demapper 220200.
  • Service selection may be made at the request of the user or may be made automatically by the system.
  • the OFDM demodulator 220100 decodes the P1 / AP1 signaling information and the L1 decoder 220600 decodes the L1 / L2 signaling information to obtain information about a transport frame structure and a PLP configuration.
  • components constituting a service are received in a plurality of PLPs.
  • the broadcast receiver may know to which PLPs the components constituting the service are included.
  • the PLP selecting module 220400 controls the frame demapper 220200, and the frame demapper 220200 outputs a plurality of PLP data including components corresponding to the selected service.
  • a plurality of PLP data are deinterleaved / demodulated in the corresponding PLP deinterleaving and demodulator modules, BBF decoded in the corresponding BBF decoder, and then switched to the PSI / SI (IP service information) buffer and boot of the buffer unit 220700 through switching.
  • PSI / SI IP service information
  • the PSI / SI (IP Service Information) buffer, bootstrap buffer, metadata buffer, audio buffer, video buffer, and data buffer temporarily store and output PLP data input from any one of the plurality of BBF decoders 220600.
  • the present invention may further include a stream merger and a component splitter between the plurality of BBF decoders 220600 and the buffer unit 220700.
  • IP streams of a plurality of PLP data output after being BBF decoded by the plurality of BBF decoders 220600 corresponding to the components of the selected service are merged in the stream merger and output as one IP stream corresponding to the selected service.
  • the stream merger may merge a plurality of IP streams into IP streams corresponding to one service by referring to an IP address and a UDP port number.
  • the component splitter may classify the data included in the IP stream, which is merged and output from the stream merger as a service, for each component and output the data to the buffer unit 220700.
  • the component splitter may output data corresponding to each component by switching to a buffer corresponding to each component included in the buffer unit using address information such as an IP address and a UDP port number.
  • the buffer unit 220700 buffers and outputs data corresponding to each component according to the output order of the IP stream.
  • the present invention has been described as an embodiment in which at least one of components constituting a service is divided into a base layer and an enhancement layer and transmitted.
  • the present invention divides the video component into data of the base layer and data of the enhancement layer by SVC encoding.
  • the data of the base layer is data for the image of the basic quality, it is strong in the communication environment, but the quality of the image is low, and the enhancement layer data can provide a high quality image as additional data for the image of the higher quality. It is a characteristic that is somewhat vulnerable to the environment.
  • the video data for terrestrial broadcasting may be divided into data of the base layer and data of the enhancement layer, and video data for the mobile broadcasting is enhanced with data of the base layer in order to flexibly correspond to the mobile broadcasting communication environment. It may be divided into data of a layer.
  • the receiver may decode only the base layer data to obtain an image having a basic quality, or may decode both the base layer data and the enhancement layer data to obtain a higher quality image.
  • a mobile receiver such as a mobile phone or a mobile TV can provide a basic image quality by decoding only the data of the base layer.
  • both the base layer data and the enhancement layer data can be decoded. It can decode to provide a high quality image.
  • the data of the base layer and the data of the enhancement layer may be transmitted through one PLP or may be transmitted through different PLPs.
  • FIG. 37 is a block diagram illustrating a process of receiving a PLP suitable for a purpose in a broadcast receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 37 shows an example of receiving a transmission frame including a plurality of PLPs, that is, a service consisting of PLP1 to PLP4.
  • PLP1 transmits a video stream of an SVC encoded base layer
  • PLP2 transmits a video stream of an SVC encoded enhancement layer
  • PLP3 transmits an audio stream
  • PLP4 transmits a data stream.
  • the receiver can selectively receive the required PLP according to the characteristics of each receiver. Look at the specific example below.
  • the broadcast signal transmission apparatus may set and transmit physical parameters for high reception performance with respect to PLP1. .
  • the broadcast signal transmitting apparatus may receive the fixed signal that needs to receive a high definition broadcast having a high resolution.
  • the physical parameters of the PLP2 can be set and transmitted.
  • the mobile receiver may provide a service having a general resolution by decoding PLP1 for transmitting a video stream of a base layer and PLP3 and PLP4 for transmitting an audio and data stream.
  • the fixed receiver can provide a high-definition service by decoding both PLP1 transmitting the video stream of the base layer, PLP2 transmitting the video stream of the enhancement layer, and PLP3 and PLP4 transmitting the audio and data streams.
  • the mobile receiver decodes PLP1 for transmitting the video stream of the base layer, PLP2 for transmitting the video stream of the enhancement layer, PLP3 for transmitting the audio stream, and PLP4 for transmitting the data stream.
  • PLP1 for transmitting the video stream of the base layer
  • PLP2 for transmitting the video stream of the enhancement layer
  • PLP3 for transmitting the audio stream
  • PLP4 for transmitting the data stream.
  • the broadcast signal transmission apparatus transmits data of the base layer in a non-MIMO scheme and transmits data of an enhancement layer in a MIMO scheme.
  • a broadcast signal transmission apparatus supporting the MIMO scheme will be referred to as a MIMO transmission system.
  • FIG. 38 is a conceptual diagram of a MIMO transmission system using SVC according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the MIMO transmission system uses an SVC encoder 244100 for encoding broadcast data into an SVC, and a MIMO encoder 244200 for distributing data through spatial diversity or spatial multiplexing to transmit the data to a plurality of antennas. It may include.
  • the MIMO encoder may be referred to as a MIMO processor.
  • the SVC encoder 244100 SVC encodes broadcast data and outputs the data as data of a base layer and an enhancement layer.
  • the data of the base layer is transmitted in the same manner in the first transmit antenna (Tx1) 244300 and the second transmit antenna (Tx2) 244400, and the data of the enhancement layer is MIMO-encoded in the MIMO encoder (244200) to make the same data or different data.
  • the constellation mapper of the transmission system performs symbol mapping with the corresponding symbols according to the modulation type as shown in the left side of the figure. For example, the constellation mapper performs hierarchical modulation to map bits corresponding to the base layer to the Most Significant Bit (MSB) portion of the symbol and bits corresponding to the enhancement layer to the Least Significant Bit (LSB) portion. can do.
  • MSB Most Significant Bit
  • LSB Least Significant Bit
  • the receiver may separate and acquire the data of the base layer and the data of the enhancement layer from the demodulated bit information using the constellation demapper.
  • the data of the enhancement layer may be obtained using bit information of the final SVC after undergoing MIMO decoding. If bit information corresponding to MIMO cannot be separated, the receiver may acquire data of the base layer and provide a service using only bit information corresponding to SISO or MISO.
  • 39 is a conceptual diagram of a MIMO transmission system using SVC according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the MIMO transmission system includes an SVC encoder 245100 for encoding broadcast data into an SVC, and a MIMO encoder 245200 for distributing data through spatial diversity or spatial multiplexing to transmit the data to a plurality of antennas.
  • 39 shows an embodiment of a transmission system using a hybrid modulation or frequency division multiplexing (FDM) method.
  • FDM frequency division multiplexing
  • the SVC encoder 245100 encodes broadcast data and outputs the data of the base layer and the data of the enhancement layer.
  • the data of the base layer is transmitted identically at the first transmit antenna (Tx1) 245300 and the second transmit antenna (Tx2) 245400, and the data of the enhancement layer is MIMO encoded at the MIMO encoder (245200) so that the same data is different or different.
  • Data is transmitted through the first transmit antenna 245300 and the second transmit antenna 245400, respectively.
  • the MIMO transmission system of FIG. 39 may process data using an FDM scheme to increase data transmission efficiency, and in particular, may transmit data through a plurality of subcarriers using the OFDM scheme.
  • subcarriers may be allocated to subcarriers used for transmitting SISO / MISO signals and subcarriers for transmitting MIMO signals, thereby transmitting respective signals.
  • Data of the base layer output from the SVC encoder 245100 may be identically transmitted through a plurality of antennas through an SISO / MISO carrier, and data of an enhancement layer may be transmitted through a plurality of antennas through a MIMO carrier through MIMO encoding. .
  • the receiver may receive the OFDM symbol to SISO / MISO decode the data corresponding to the SISO / MISO carrier to obtain the data of the base layer, and to obtain the data of the enhancement layer by MIMO decoding the data corresponding to the MIMO carrier. Thereafter, if MIMO decoding is not possible according to the channel condition and the receiver, only the base layer data may be used, and if MIMO decoding is possible, the service may be provided after decoding by including the data of the enhancement layer.
  • the MIMO encoder 245200 can be located after the constellation mapper, so that the structure of the receiving system is simpler than that of the embodiment shown in FIG. It may be done.
  • FIG. 40 is a conceptual diagram of a MIMO transmission system using SVC according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the MIMO transmission system includes an SVC encoder 246100 for encoding broadcast data into an SVC, and a MIMO encoder 246200 for distributing data through spatial diversity or spatial multiplexing to transmit the data to a plurality of antennas.
  • 40 shows an embodiment of a transmission system using a layered PLP or TDM method.
  • the transmission system may transmit data of the SVC encoded base layer and data of the enhancement layer through the SISO / MISO slot and the MIMO slot, respectively.
  • This slot may be a slot of a time or frequency unit of a transmission signal, and is illustrated as a time slot in the embodiment of FIG. 40.
  • This slot may also be a PLP.
  • the receiver determines what type of slot is being received, and receives data of the base layer from the SISO / MISO slot and data of the enhancement layer from the MIMO slot.
  • the base layer data may be used, and when MIMO decoding is possible, the service may be provided after decoding by including data of the enhancement layer.
  • the MIMO encoders 244200, 245200, and 246200 of FIGS. 38 to 40 perform MIMO encoding using at least one of the aforementioned MIMO encoding schemes. This is an embodiment and may perform MIMO encoding using an SM or GC scheme.
  • data of the base layer and the enhancement layer may be transmitted to one PLP, and data of the base layer and the data of the enhancement layer may be transmitted to each PLP.
  • data of the base layer may be transmitted through a T2 frame (ie, a terrestrial broadcast frame), and data of an enhancement layer may be transmitted through an FEF part.
  • a T2 frame ie, a terrestrial broadcast frame
  • data of an enhancement layer may be transmitted through an FEF part.
  • data of the base layer and data of the enhancement layer may be transmitted only through the FEF part.
  • the FEF part transmitting data of the enhancement layer will be referred to as a MIMO broadcast frame.
  • the MIMO broadcast frame is used interchangeably with a signal frame or a transport frame.
  • MIMO broadcast data including data of the base layer and data of the enhancement layer for convenience of description.
  • MIMO broadcast data may be generated and transmitted by one of the following first to third methods, and may also be generated and transmitted by a combination of one or more of them.
  • a method of transmitting MIMO broadcast data separately from a PLP including terrestrial broadcast (for example, T2 broadcast) data while including MIMO broadcast data in a specific PLP is possible.
  • the specific PLP is used to transmit MIMO broadcast data.
  • additional information on the specific PLP may be signaled to prevent malfunction in an existing receiving system.
  • a specific PLP including MIMO broadcast data may be referred to as a MIMO broadcast PLP
  • a PLP including terrestrial broadcast data may be referred to as a terrestrial broadcast PLP.
  • the conventional terrestrial broadcast signal receiving apparatus may not process MIMO broadcast data, it is necessary to signal additional information for identifying the terrestrial broadcast PLP and the MIMO broadcast PLP.
  • signaling of the information for identifying the PLP type may use a reserved field in the L1 signaling information.
  • the PLP_TYPE field of the L1-post signaling information may be used.
  • the MIMO broadcast PLP may be displayed by using one of the values of PLP_TYPE field values 011 to 111.
  • the code rate of the new modulation scheme and error correction code can be used to obtain more robust robustness in the transmission of the PLP.
  • L1-post signaling information may be used to identify the code rate of the modulation scheme and the error correction code.
  • the code rate of the MIMO broadcast PLP is indicated by using the PLP_COD field of the L1-post signaling information.
  • the PLP_COD field value 110 or 111 may be used to identify the code rate of the MIMO broadcast PLP.
  • the modulation scheme of the MIMO broadcast PLP is indicated by using the PLP_MOD field of the L1-post signaling information.
  • any one of the PLP_MOD field values 100 to 111 may be used to identify a modulation scheme of the MIMO broadcast PLP.
  • the data of the base layer and the enhancement layer constituting the MIMO broadcast data may be transmitted in one PLP or may be transmitted in each PLP.
  • the PLP_PROFILE field is used to determine whether the current PLP is the PLP of the base layer or the enhancement layer. It may indicate whether it is a PLP.
  • a method of transmitting MIMO broadcast data separately from a frame including conventional terrestrial broadcast data is possible.
  • the specific frame is used to transmit MIMO broadcast data, and at this time, additional information about the specific frame can be signaled to prevent malfunction in the existing receiving system.
  • a specific frame including MIMO broadcast data may be referred to as a MIMO broadcast frame
  • a frame including conventional terrestrial broadcast data may be referred to as a terrestrial broadcast frame.
  • the FEF may be referred to as a MIMO broadcast frame.
  • the present invention can distinguish and transmit terrestrial broadcast data and MIMO broadcast data on a frame basis.
  • the conventional terrestrial broadcast signal receiving apparatus can identify a frame through L1 signaling information and ignore the MIMO broadcast frame to prevent malfunction. .
  • the present invention may transmit a PLP including MIMO broadcast data through a terrestrial broadcast frame and a MIMO broadcast frame.
  • data of the base layer may be transmitted through a terrestrial broadcast frame
  • data of the enhancement layer may be transmitted through a MIMO broadcast frame.
  • the MIMO broadcast PLP since the MIMO broadcast PLP also exists in the terrestrial broadcast frame, it is necessary to signal the relationship between the terrestrial broadcast frame and the connected PLP present in the MIMO broadcast frame.
  • the MIMO broadcast frame also includes the L1 signaling information, and information about the MIMO broadcast PLP present in the frame may be transmitted together with the L1 signaling information of the terrestrial broadcast frame.
  • the concatenation of MIMO broadcast PLPs present in different frames may use fields for a PLP included in the L1-post signaling information of each frame.
  • the receiving system checks the connection relationship of the MIMO broadcast PLPs included in different frames using at least one of the PLP_ID field, the PLP_TYPE field, the PLP_PAYLOAD_TYPE field, and the PLP_GROUP_ID field included in the L1-post signaling information, and the desired MIMO.
  • a service may be obtained by continuously decoding broadcast PLPs.
  • the terrestrial broadcast PLP present in an existing terrestrial broadcast frame may be transmitted in a transmission mode predefined and supported by the terrestrial broadcast system. May be sent.
  • the MIMO broadcast PLP included in the terrestrial broadcast frame is transmitted as a base layer in a transmission mode of terrestrial broadcast in an MISO or SISO scheme
  • the MIMO broadcast PLP included in the MIMO broadcast frame is an enhancement layer. It may be transmitted in a MIMO scheme.
  • FIG. 41A illustrates a structure of a super frame according to another embodiment of the present invention, in which a PLP of a base layer is transmitted through a terrestrial broadcast frame, and enhanced through a MIMO broadcast frame (ie, a FEF part).
  • a PLP of a base layer is transmitted through a terrestrial broadcast frame, and enhanced through a MIMO broadcast frame (ie, a FEF part).
  • MIMO broadcast frame ie, a FEF part
  • An example of transmitting a PLP of a layer is shown.
  • the PLP including the data of the base layer may be transmitted in the SISO or MISO scheme
  • the PLP including the data of the enhancement layer may be transmitted in the SISO, MISO, or MIMO scheme.
  • 41 (b) is a diagram illustrating a structure of a super frame according to another embodiment of the present invention, in which both a PLP of a base layer and a PLP of an enhancement layer are transmitted through a MIMO broadcast frame (ie, an FEF part). An example is shown.
  • the base layer PLP including the data of the base layer may be transmitted in the SISO or MISO scheme
  • the enhancement layer PLP including the data of the enhancement layer may be transmitted in the SISO, MISO, or MIMO scheme.
  • the ratio of the base layer PLP and the enhancement layer PLP in the MIMO broadcast frame may vary from 0 to 100%.
  • 41 (c) is a diagram illustrating a structure of a super frame according to another embodiment of the present invention, in which both base layer data and enhancement layer data are transmitted through a MIMO broadcast frame (ie, an FEF part). An example is shown.
  • the base layer and the enhancement layer are not classified as PLPs, but are transmitted as carriers. That is, data corresponding to the base layer and data corresponding to the enhancement layer may be allocated to separate subcarriers and then OFDM modulated and transmitted.
  • FIG. 42 is a diagram illustrating a broadcast signal transmission apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the broadcast signal transmitting apparatus of FIG. 42 corresponds to an embodiment in which data of a base layer is classified into a baseizer PLP and data of an enhancement layer is classified into an enhancement layer PLP.
  • the apparatus for transmitting broadcast signals includes an SVC encoder that SVC encodes data and outputs the data of the base layer and the data of the enhancement layer.
  • the data of the base layer is included in the PLP1 and the data of the enhancement layer is described in the embodiment.
  • the broadcast signal transmitting apparatus of FIG. 42 includes a first BICM module 258100 for BICM processing a PLP (PLP1) of a base layer, a second BICM module 258200 for BICM processing a PLP (PLP2) of an enhancement layer, MIMO that performs MIMO, MISO, or SISO processing on the output data of the frame builder 258300 and the frame builder 258300 that receive the PLPs processed by the first and second BICM module 258200 and build a frame.
  • OFDM generator 2586500 for OFDM modulating a first transmission signal output from the MIMO encoder 258400.
  • operation description of the blocks having the same name of the broadcast signal transmission apparatus described above will be referred to, and the detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the MIMO encoder 258400 may be located between the constellation mapper and the time interleaver in the second BICM module 258200.
  • FIG. 43 is a view showing a broadcast signal receiving apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the broadcast signal receiving apparatus of FIG. 43 corresponds to an embodiment of the broadcast signal receiving apparatus that receives and processes the base layer and the enhancement layer when the base layer and the enhancement layer are separated and transmitted as shown in FIG. 42.
  • the apparatus for receiving broadcast signals includes an SVC decoder for recovering data by SVC decoding data of the base layer and enhancement.
  • the base layer is included in PLP1 and the enhancement layer is included in PLP2.
  • the broadcast signal receiving apparatus of FIG. 43 performs MIMO decoding of OFDM demodulators 259100 and 259200 and OFDM demodulated signals of the OFDM demodulators 259100 and 259200 according to channel characteristics.
  • BICM decoders 259500 and 259600 that perform the reverse process of the BICM module to correct errors caused by the transport channel.
  • the broadcast signal receiving apparatus of FIG. 43 receives data of a base layer from a PLP (PLP1) output from a first BICM decoder 259500 and data of an enhancement layer from a PLP (PLP2) output from a second BICM decoder 259600. After acquiring, they may be SVC decoded to provide a service. If only the data of the base layer is acquired by the broadcast signal receiving apparatus, the base layer may be provided by decoding the data of the base layer. If the data of the enhancement layer is acquired, the higher quality / sound quality service may be provided. Can be.
  • the mux is further included in front of the BICM module of the broadcast signal transmitting apparatus of FIG. 42.
  • the apparatus for transmitting broadcast signals includes one time interleaver.
  • the base layer and the enhancement layer are combined to interleave the two layers so that diversity is obtained in the time domain.
  • the data corresponding to the base layer in the PLP is SISO or MISO processing
  • the data corresponding to the enhancement layer is MIMO processed and transmitted according to an embodiment.
  • the frame demapper of the broadcast signal receiving apparatus of FIG. 43 includes the base layer data and the enhancement layer data.
  • PLP PLP1
  • the broadcast signal receiving apparatus includes one time deinterleaver, and time deinterleaving the PLP (PLP1) in the time deinterleaver to separate data of the base layer and data of the enhancement layer, and then rearrange them in the time domain. Output each stream.
  • the BICM decoders 259500 and 259600 process the base layer stream and the enhancement layer stream, respectively.
  • the data of the base layer and the enhancement layer which are error corrected and output by the BICM decoders 259500 and 259600, may be SVC decoded to provide a service. If only the data of the base layer is acquired, the base service may be provided by decoding the data of the base layer, and if the data of the enhancement layer is acquired, the higher quality / sound quality service may be provided.
  • the MIMO decoder 259300 may be located between the frame demapper 259400 and the BICM decoders 259500 and 259600.
  • the signal frame according to the present invention is divided into a preamble region and a data region, and the preamble region consists of a P1 symbol, one or more P2 symbols, and the data region consists of a plurality of data symbols.
  • the preamble region may further include an AP1 symbol after the P1 symbol.
  • the P1 symbol and the AP1 symbol are continuously transmitted.
  • the P1 symbol transmits P1 signaling information
  • the AP1 symbol transmits AP1 signaling information
  • the one or more P2 symbols transmit L1 signaling information and signaling information (ie, L2 signaling information) included in the common PLP.
  • Signaling information included in the common PLP may be transmitted through a data symbol. Therefore, when looking at the signal frame on the physical layer, the preamble region may be a portion or all of the P1 signaling information region in which the P1 signaling information is signaled, the L1 signaling information region in which the L1 signaling information is signaled, and the common PLP region in which the L2 signaling information is signaled. Include.
  • the common PLP region may also be referred to as an L2 signaling information region. If the signal frame includes an AP1 symbol, the preamble region includes a part or all of the P1 signaling information region, the AP1 signaling information region, the L1 signaling information region, and the common PLP region.
  • the L1 signaling information includes L1-pre signaling information and L1-post signaling information.
  • the L1-post signaling information again includes configurable L1-post signaling information, dynamic L1-post signaling information, extension L1-post signaling information, CRC information, and includes L1 padding data. It may further include.
  • 7 bits are allocated to the P1 signaling information and include a 3-bit S1 field and a 4-bit S2 field.
  • the S2 field is divided into the first three bits of S2 field1 and one bit of S2 field2 among the four bits.
  • the S1 field signals a preamble format. For example, if the S1 field value is 000, the preamble is a T2 preamble and indicates that data is transmitted in an SISO format (T2_SISO). If the S1 field value is 001, this indicates that the preamble is a T2 preamble and data is transmitted in MISO format (T2_MISO). If the S1 field value is 010, this indicates that the preamble is a non-T2 preamble.
  • the S2 field signals FFT size information and the like.
  • the FFT size is 1k, 2k, 4k, 8k, 16k
  • the GI size is 1/128, 1/32, 1/16, 19/256, 1/8, 19/128, 1/4 In one embodiment it will be.
  • the FFT size means the number of subcarriers constituting one OFDM symbol. If the S2 filed2 value is 0, all preambles are transmitted in the same type in the current transmission, and if 1, other types of preambles are transmitted.
  • 45 shows an embodiment of a syntax structure of AP1 signaling information according to the present invention.
  • 7 bits are allocated to the AP1 signaling information according to an embodiment, and include a 4-bit PILOT_PATTERN field and a 3-bit L1_PRE_SPREAD_LENGTH field.
  • the PILOT_PATTERN field indicates a pilot pattern of the corresponding signal frame.
  • the pilot pattern information is transmitted through the AP1 symbol, so that even when the P2 symbol is not transmitted and the L1 signaling information is spread in the data symbols of the data region, the receiver may decode the pilot pattern before decoding the L1 signaling information of the data region. It can be seen.
  • the L1_PRE_SPREAD_LENGTH field indicates the length of a section in which L1 pre-signaling information is spread in the data area. That is, the number of data symbols included in a section in which L1 pre-signaling information is spread among the data symbols of the signal frame. In the present invention, a section in which the L1 pre signaling information is spread will be referred to as an L1 pre spread section. If the L1_PRE_SPREAD_LENGTH field value is '000', it means that the L1 signaling information is not spread in the data area of the corresponding signal frame.
  • the meanings of the fields and their values included in the AP1 signaling information are exemplary embodiments for better understanding of the present invention, and the meanings of the fields and the values that may be included in the AP1 signaling information may be easily changed by those skilled in the art. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the above embodiment.
  • the L1-pre signaling information includes information necessary for decoding the L1 post signaling information.
  • the TYPE field is allocated 8 bits and indicates the type of the input stream transmitted in the super frame. That is, the input stream may be TS, GS, TS + GS, IP, etc., and this identification uses a TYPE field.
  • the BWT_EXT field is allocated with 1 bit and indicates whether bandwidth of an OFDM symbol is extended.
  • the L1_REPETITION_FLAG field is allocated with 1 bit and indicates whether or not the L1-post signaling information associated with the current frame is signaled in the P2 symbol. If the L1 signaling information of the next signal frame is spread to the data symbols of the current signal frame, the L1_REPETITION_FLAG field may be used to indicate whether the L1 signaling information of the next signal frame is spread to the current signal frame. For example, if the L1_REPETITION_FLAG field is 1, it indicates that the L1 signaling information of the next signal frame is spread to the current signal frame, and 0 indicates that it is not spread.
  • the GUARD_INTERVAL field is allocated with 3 bits and indicates the GI size of the current transmission frame.
  • the GI size means a ratio occupied by the GI in one OFDM symbol. Therefore, the OFDM symbol length depends on the FFT size and the GI size.
  • the PAPR method used in the present invention may be an ACE method or a TR method.
  • 4 bits are allocated to the L1_MOD field and indicate a QAM modulation type of L1-post signaling information.
  • Two bits are allocated to the L1_COD field and indicate a code rate of L1-post signaling information.
  • Two bits are allocated to the L1_FEC_TYPE field and indicate the FEC type of the L1-post signaling information.
  • the L1_POST_SIZE field is assigned with 18 bits and indicates the size of coded and modulated L1-post signaling information.
  • 18 bits are allocated to the L1_POST_INFO_SIZE field and indicate the size of L1-post signaling information in units of bits.
  • the PILOT_PATTERN field is assigned with 4 bits and indicates a distributed pilot pattern inserted in the current signal frame.
  • the TX_ID_AVAILABILITY field is assigned 8 bits and indicates a transmission device identification capability within a range of a current geographic cell.
  • the CELL_ID field is allocated 16 bits and indicates an identifier for identifying a geographic cell in the network for mobile broadcast (NGH).
  • the NETWORK_ID field is allocated with 16 bits and indicates an identifier for identifying the current network.
  • the SYSTEM_ID field is allocated with 16 bits and indicates an identifier for identifying a system.
  • the NUM_NGH_FRAMES field is allocated 8 bits and indicates the number of NGH frames in the current super frame.
  • the NUM_T2_FRAMES field is allocated 8 bits and indicates the number of T2 frames in the current super frame. This field is useful for knowing the structure of the super frame and can be used to calculate information for hopping directly to the next NGH frame.
  • L1_POST_SPREAD_LENGTH field 12 bits are allocated to the L1_POST_SPREAD_LENGTH field and indicate the length of a section in which the L1 post signaling information is spread in the data area. That is, the number of data symbols included in a section in which L1 post signaling information is spread among the data symbols of the signal frame.
  • a section in which the L1 post signaling information is spread will be referred to as an L1 post spread section. If all L1_POST_SPREAD_LENGTH field values are 0, it means that the L1 post signaling information is not spread in the data area of the corresponding signal frame.
  • the NUM_DATA_SYMBOLS field is assigned with 12 bits and indicates the number of data symbols except for the P1, AP1, and P2 symbols in the current signal frame.
  • the REGEN_FLAG field is assigned 3 bits and indicates the number of times of signal reproduction by the repeater.
  • One bit is allocated to the L1_POST_EXTENSION field, and indicates whether an extension field of the L1-post signaling information exists.
  • the NUM_RF field is assigned with 3 bits and indicates the number of RFs in the current system.
  • the CURRENT_RF_IDX field is allocated with 3 bits and indicates the index of the current RF channel.
  • the RESERVED field is allocated 10 bits and is for future use.
  • the CRC-32 field is allocated 32 bits and indicates a 32-bit CRC error extraction code.
  • the meanings of the fields and their values included in the L1-pre signaling information are exemplary embodiments for better understanding of the present invention, and the meanings of the fields and the values that may be included in the L1-pre signaling information may be easily understood by those skilled in the art.
  • the present invention will not be limited to the above embodiment as such may be changed.
  • the configurable L1-post signaling information includes parameters necessary for the receiver to decode the PLP, and in particular, may include information that can be equally applied over one signal frame.
  • 15 bits are allocated to the SUB_SLICES_PER_FRAME field and indicate the number of sub slices included in one signal frame.
  • the NUM_PLP field is allocated 8 bits and indicates the number of PLPs in the current super frame.
  • 4 bits are allocated for the NUM_AUX field and may indicate the number of auxiliary streams.
  • the AUX_CONFIG_RFU field is allocated 8 bits and is an area for future use.
  • a for loop (hereinafter, referred to as a frequency loop) that is repeated by the number of RFs (NUM_RF field value-1) of the current system is signaled.
  • the NUM_RF field is signaled in the L1-pre signaling information.
  • the RF_IDX field is allocated with 3 bits and indicates the index of each frequency of the RF channel.
  • the FREQUENCY field is assigned with 32 bits and indicates the center frequency of the RF channel.
  • FEF_TYPE field FEF_LENGTH field
  • FEF_INTERVAL field FEF_INTERVAL field
  • FEF_TYPE 4 bits are allocated to the FEF_TYPE field and indicate a Future Extension Frame (FEF) type.
  • FEF Future Extension Frame
  • the FEF_LENGTH field is allocated 22 bits and indicates the number of elementary periods of the associated FEF part.
  • the NEXT_NGH_SUPERFRAME field is assigned with 8 bits and indicates the number of super frames between the current super frame and the next super frame including the next NGH frame.
  • the RESERVED_2 field is allocated 32 bits and is for future use.
  • auxiliary stream loop a for loop that is repeated by the number of auxiliary streams (NUM_AUX field value-1) is signaled and includes a 32-bit AUX_RFU field for future use.
  • a for loop (hereinafter, referred to as a PLP loop) that is repeated by the number of PLPs (NUM_PLP field value-1) in the current super frame is signaled.
  • 8 bits are allocated for the PLP_ID field and indicate an identifier for identifying the corresponding PLP.
  • the PLP_TYPE field is assigned with 3 bits and indicates whether the corresponding PLP is a common PLP, a Type1 data PLP, or a Type2 data PLP.
  • the PLP_TYPE field indicates whether the corresponding PLP is a PLP included in a plurality of PLP groups or a group PLP included in only one PLP group.
  • the PLP_PAYLOAD_TYPE field is allocated with 5 bits and indicates the type of the PLP payload. That is, data included in the payload of the PLP may be GFPS, GCS, GSE, TS, IP, and the like, and this identification uses a PLP_PAYLOAD_TYPE field.
  • the PLP_PROFILE field is allocated with 2 bits and indicates a profile of the corresponding PLP. That is, it indicates whether the corresponding PLP is a mandatory PLP or an optional PLP. For example, if a PLP of video data is divided into a PLP transmitting a base layer and a PLP transmitting an enhancement layer, the PLP transmitting the base layer becomes an essential PLP, and the PLP transmitting the enhancement layer is an optional PLP. Can be.
  • common PLPs correspond to essential PLPs. That is, the receiver uses the PLP_PORFILE field to determine which receiver can use the component of the broadcast service currently transmitted to the PLP according to receiver characteristics such as a mobile receiver and a fixed receiver, and whether to receive the current PLP according to the receiver characteristic. Can be determined.
  • the FF_FLAG field is assigned 1 bit, and if two or more RF channels are used, it indicates a fixed frequency mode.
  • Three bits are allocated to the FIRST_RF_IDX field and indicate the RF index of the first signal frame of the corresponding PLP.
  • 8 bits are allocated to the FIRST_FRAME_IDX field and indicate the frame index of the first signal frame of the corresponding PLP.
  • 8 bits are allocated to the PLP_GROUP_ID field and indicate an identifier for identifying a PLP group associated with the corresponding PLP.
  • Three bits are allocated to the PLP_COD field and indicate a code rate of the corresponding PLP.
  • a code rate of any one of 1/4, 1/3, 2/5, 1/2, 3/5, 2/3, 3/4, 4/5, 5/6 may be used for the corresponding PLP. have.
  • Three bits are allocated to the PLP_MOD field and indicate the constellation size (ie, modulation format) of the corresponding PLP.
  • constellation size ie, modulation format
  • any one of BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, and 256QAM modulation formats (or modulation types) may be used.
  • Two bits are allocated to the PLP_MIMO_TYPE field and indicate whether the corresponding PLP is a MIMO type or a MISO type.
  • the PLP_MOD field value that is, the constellation size
  • the PLP_MOD field value may be determined by combining with the PLP_MIMO_TYPE field. If the PLP_MIMO_TYPE field value indicates MISO, the PLP_MOD field is used for symbol remapping. If the value of the PLP_MIMO_TYPE field indicates MIMO, the PLP_MOD field is interpreted as a constellation size having the resulting spectral efficiency after the MIMO processing.
  • the PLP_ROTATION field is assigned with 1 bit and indicates whether constellation rotation and remapping of the PLP are used.
  • Two bits are allocated to the PLP_FEC_TYPE field and indicate the FEC type of the corresponding PLP.
  • the FRAME_INTERVAL field is allocated 8 bits and indicates the T2 frame interval in the super frame when inter frame interleaving is applied.
  • the TIME_IL_LENGTH field is allocated 8 bits and indicates the time interleaver length (or depth).
  • the TIME_IL_TYPE field is allocated with 1 bit and indicates the type of time interleaver.
  • the IN_BAND_FLAG field is allocated with 1 bit and indicates whether in-band signaling is present.
  • the RESERVED_1 field is allocated with 16 bits, and is a field for future use in a PLP loop.
  • the PLP loop may further include a PLP_COMPONENT_TYPE field. 8 bits are allocated to the PLP_COMPONENT_TYPE field and indicate the type of data (or service component) transmitted through the corresponding PLP. Therefore, the receiver may distinguish whether a type of a component transmitted through the PLP is a video component of a base layer, a video component of an enhancement layer, an audio component, or a data component based on the PLP_COMPONENT_TYPE field.
  • the PLP group may be referred to as a link-layer-pipe (LLP), and the PLP_GROUP_ID field is referred to as an LLP_ID field.
  • the NIT to be described later may include the same PLP_GROUP_ID field as the PLP_GROUP_ID field included in the L1 signaling information, and may include a transport_stream_id field for identifying a transport stream associated with the PLP group.
  • the receiver can know which PLP group a particular stream is associated with. That is, in order to simultaneously decode a stream (eg, TS) transmitted through PLPs having the same PLP_GROUP_ID, one service stream may be restored by merging the streams indicated by the transport_stream_id field of the NIT.
  • a stream eg, TS
  • the receiver may recover the original TS by merging PLPs having the same PLP_GROUP_ID field.
  • the receiver may find service components related to one service using the PLP_GROUP_ID field, and may merge the service components to restore one service. Therefore, the receiver should be able to simultaneously receive PLPs having the same PLP_GROUP_ID.
  • the meanings of the fields and their values included in the configurable L1-post signaling information are exemplary embodiments for better understanding of the present invention, and the meanings of the fields and their values may be included in the configurable L1-post signaling information. Meanings can be easily changed by those skilled in the art, so the present invention will not be limited to the above embodiments.
  • the dynamic L1-post signaling information includes parameters necessary for the receiver to decode the PLP, and in particular, includes characteristic information corresponding to a signal frame currently being transmitted.
  • the dynamic L1-post signaling information may be signaled in-band so that the receiver can efficiently handle slicing.
  • the FRAME_IDX field is allocated 8 bits and represents the index of the current signal frame in the super frame. For example, the index of the first signal frame in the super frame is set to zero.
  • 22 bits are allocated to the SUB_SLICE_INTERVAL field and indicate the number of OFDM cells between two sub-slices in the same PLP.
  • 22 bits are allocated for the TYPE_2_START field and indicate a start position among OFDM cells of Type2 data PLPs.
  • the L1_CHANGE_COUNTER field is allocated 8 bits and indicates the number of super frames remaining before the L1 configuration (e.g., the contents of the fields included in the L1 pre-signaling or the contents of the configurable part of the L1 post signaling) is changed. Indicates.
  • the START_RF_IDX field is allocated with 3 bits and indicates the start RF index of the next signal frame.
  • the RESERVED_1 field is allocated 8 bits and is for future use.
  • the NEXT_NGH_FRAME field indicates the number of T2 or FEF frames between the first T2 frame and the next NGH frame in the next super frame including the NGH frame.
  • the NEXT_NGH_FRAME field and the NEXT_NGH_SUPERFRAME field may be used to calculate the amount the receiver will hop to the next NGH frame.
  • the NEXT_NGH_FRAME field and the NEXT_NGH_SUPERFRAME field provide an efficient hopping mechanism when there are many T2 frames mixed with FEFs and all FEFs are not used for NGH frames only.
  • the receiver can hop directly to the next NGH frame without detecting and decoding the P1 signaling information of all signal frames in the super frame.
  • a for loop (hereinafter, referred to as a PLP loop) that is repeated by the number of PLPs (NUM_PLP field value-1) in the current super frame is signaled.
  • the PLP_ID field, the PLP_START field, and the PLP_NUM_BLOCKS field are included in a PLP loop, and the detailed description of the fields is as follows.
  • the PLP_ID field is allocated 8 bits and indicates an identifier for identifying the PLP.
  • the PLP_START field is allocated 22 bits and indicates the start position of OFDM cells of the current PLP.
  • the RESERVED_2 field is allocated 8 bits and is for future use in the PLP loop.
  • the RESERVED_3 field is allocated 8 bits and is for future use.
  • auxiliary stream loop a for loop that is repeated by the number of auxiliary streams (NUM_AUX field value -1) is signaled and includes a 48-bit AUX_RFU field for future use.
  • the meanings of the fields and their values included in the dynamic L1-post signaling information are exemplary embodiments for better understanding of the present invention, and the meanings of the fields and the values that may be included in the dynamic L1-post signaling information may be understood by those skilled in the art.
  • the present invention will not be limited to the above embodiment as it can be easily changed by.
  • the present invention may signal an association between a PLP or a PLP and a service component using at least one of a PLP_GROUP_ID field, a PLP_TYPE field, a PLP_PROFILE field, and a PLP_COMPONENT_TYPE field of a PLP loop in the configurable L1-post signaling information.
  • operation characteristics such as mobile performance and data communication characteristics of the PLP may be known using the PLP_COD field and the PLP_MOD field.
  • the first to third embodiments are signaling methods for transmitting a broadcast signal of TS type
  • the fourth embodiment is a signaling method for transmitting broadcast signal of an IP type.
  • the first embodiment is a signaling method in which a receiver may recover one TS by merging PLPs included in the same PLP group by using a correlation between a PLP group included in an L1 signaling information region and a service.
  • the receiver may merge the PLPs included in the same PLP group by using the association between the PLP group and the service to restore one TS, and may also be included in the PLP. It is a signaling method that can selectively receive a desired PLP according to the characteristics of a receiver by using a relationship between a component constituting a service and a service.
  • the third embodiment is similar to the second embodiment, but a signaling method for selectively receiving a PLP constituting a desired service by a receiver in the physical layer by transmitting information about components constituting the same service through a base PLP. to be.
  • a receiver when transmitting a broadcast signal in an IP form, merges components for transmitting PLPs included in the same PLP group through a correlation between the service and a PLP for transmitting components included in the service. Signaling method that can be restored.
  • Signaling such as L1 signaling information, L2 signaling information, PAT / PMT, etc. of associations between PLPs, TSs (or IP streams), services, and components according to the first to fourth embodiments is a broadcast signal transmission apparatus (or transmitter). It may be performed in the input pre-processor or the input processor, or may be performed in the BICM module.
  • L1 signaling information and L2 signaling information is performed in an input pre-processor as shown in FIG. 7, and a PLP including PAT / PMT and component PLPs constituting a service are generated.
  • the L2 signaling information may include NIT, SDT, and the like.
  • the input stream is an IP stream format
  • signaling of L1 signaling information and L2 signaling information is performed in the input pre-processor as shown in FIG. 11, and a PLP and a service including ESG, provider information, bootstrap information, and the like.
  • the L2 signaling information may include an IP information table.
  • signaling of the L1 signaling information as shown in FIGS. 46 to 48 may be performed in the L1 signaling generator in the input processor or the L1 signaling generator in the BICM module.
  • the PLPs generated by the input pre-processor may be encoded and transmitted in the MISO scheme or may be encoded and transmitted in the MIMO scheme.
  • the PLP data transmitted by the MISO method is called MISO PLP data
  • the PLP data transmitted by the MIMO method is called MIMO PLP data.
  • MIMO PLP data is MIMO encoding is performed in the MIMO encoder of the BICM module of FIG. 17
  • MISO PLP data is MISO encoding is performed in the MISO encoder of the OFDM generator of FIG.
  • M1 encoding information is performed in the MISO encoder of the OFDM generator of FIG. 19.
  • the broadcast signal receiving apparatus may signal an association between PLPs, TSs (or IP streams), services, and components in at least one of the frame demapper, the BICM decoder, and the output processor of FIGS. 31 to 34.
  • the decoding of the PLPs including the L1 / L2 signaling information, the PAT / PMT or the ESG, the provider information, the bootstrap information, and the like is performed.
  • the MISO-encoded MISO PLP data is MISO-decoded by the MISO decoder of the OFDM demodulator of FIG. 28, and the MIMO-encoded MIMO PLP data is MIMO-decoded by the MIMO decoder of the BICM decoder of FIG. 32. .
  • the L1 signaling information is MISO decoded in the MISO decoder of the OFDM demodulator of FIG. 28 according to an embodiment.
  • the process of selecting and decoding at least one of the MISO PLP data and the MIMO PLP data is different according to the following first to fourth embodiments. That is, it is possible to know in which PLPs the components constituting the service are included in at least one of the first to fourth embodiments. According to this result, PLPs constituting a specific service are selected and output from the frame demapper of FIG. 31, and the selected PLPs are error corrected and decoded by the BICM decoder of FIG. Is merged.
  • the above-described process may be performed by the broadcast signal receiving apparatus as shown in FIG. 35. That is, at least one of the frame demapper 210200, the PLP deinterleaving and demodulator module 210500, the L1 decoder 210300, the BBF decoder, and the null packet reconstruction module 210600 may be associated with PLPs, TSs, services, and components. It is possible to perform decoding of the L1 / L2 signaling information, the PLP including the PAT / PMT and the PLPs including the components of which the relationship is signaled.
  • the L1 decoder 210300 decodes a PLP including L1 / L2 signaling information and PAT / PMT signaled as an association between PLPs, TSs, services, and components, and the PLP selecting module 210400 determines L1.
  • the frame demapper 210200 is controlled such that only PLPs of components constituting a specific service are output from the frame demapper 210200 according to the decoding result of the decoder 210300.
  • the PLPs selected by the frame demapper 210200 and output through the corresponding PLP deinterleaving and demodulator module, the BBF decoder, and the null packet reconstruction module are merged into one service in the TS merger.
  • a PLP for transmitting PSI / SI in particular PAT / PMT, may be referred to as a base PLP.
  • the above-described process may be performed by the broadcast signal receiving apparatus as shown in FIG. 36. That is, L1 in which an association between PLPs, IP streams, services, and components is signaled in at least one of the frame demapper 220200, the PLP deinterleaving and demodulator module 220500, the L1 decoder 220300, and the BBF decoder 220600. Decoding of PLPs including / L2 signaling information, ESG, bootstrap information, provider information, and the like, and PLPs including components may be performed.
  • the present invention decodes the PLP including the L1 / L2 signaling information, ESG, bootstrap information, provider information, etc., in which the association between PLP, IP stream, service, and components is signaled in the L1 decoder 220300, and the PLP.
  • the selecting module 220400 controls the frame demapper 220200 such that only PLPs of components constituting a specific service are output from the frame demapper 220200 according to the decoding result of the L1 decoder 220300. .
  • the PLPs selected by the frame demapper 220200 and output through the PLP deinterleaving and demodulator module and the BBF decoder are output to the corresponding buffers.
  • the description so far applies to at least one of the first to fourth embodiments below.
  • 49 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an association relationship between a service and a PLP group according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the receiver when transmitting a broadcast signal of TS type, acquires a service ID and uses the associated PLP group ID to merge the PLPs included in the same PLP group to recover the TS of one service. Signaling method.
  • the L1 signaling information area 500100 includes information related to each of a plurality of PLPs, that is, a PLP_GROUP ID field and a PLP_ID field, as shown in FIGS. 46 to 48. And the like.
  • the L2 signaling information area 500200 includes NIT and SDT.
  • the NIT includes a PLP_GROUP_ID field and a transport_stream_id field identical to the PLP_GROUP_ID field included in the L1 signaling information area 500100. Through this, the receiver may know which PLP group a specific TS is associated with.
  • the SDT includes a transport_stream_id field and a service_id field identical to the transport_stream_id field included in the NIT. Through this, the receiver may distinguish between services transmitted through a specific transport frame.
  • the receiver may identify a desired service among the services included in the specific TS through the service_id field included in the SDT, and identify the PLP group associated with the specific TS through the transport_stream_id field and the PLP_GROUP_ID field included in the NIT. have. Thereafter, the receiver may decode PLPs having the same PLP_GROUP_ID field value of the L1 signaling information region 500100. That is, the receiver may recover one TS by merging a plurality of PLPs included in a PLP group associated with a desired service.
  • the receiver obtains an identifier of a service selected by the user from the service_id field of the SDT.
  • a group identifier of PLPs for transmitting components of a selected service is obtained from the PLP_GROUP_ID field of the NIT by mapping the transport_stream_id field of the SDT and the transport_stream_id field of the NIT.
  • each PLP identifier of PLPs included in the PLP group is obtained from the PLP_ID field of the corresponding PLP through mapping of the PLP_GROUP_ID field of the NIT and the PLP_GROUP_ID field of the L1 signaling information. If the PLPs of the obtained PLP identifier are merged, the TS constituting one service can be recovered.
  • the L1 signaling information area 500100 of the first embodiment includes the fields described with reference to FIGS. 46 to 48, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the NIT is a table for transmitting information related to the physical configuration of the multiplexer / TS transmitted through a given network and information about the characteristics of the network itself.
  • the receiver can obtain information about the TS from the NIT.
  • the NIT of the first embodiment includes a network_id field, a transport_stream_id field, and a delivery_system_descriptor.
  • the network_id field is a field used for identifying a network on which a current broadcast signal is transmitted.
  • the transport_stream_id field is a field used to identify a TS currently transmitted.
  • the delivery_system_descriptor may include fields necessary for matching the TS to the PLP and the transmission system.
  • the delivery_system_descriptor includes the same PLP_GROUP_ID field as the PLP_GROUP_ID field included in the L1 signaling information.
  • the delivery_system_descriptor includes a system_id field, a system_parameters () field, and a cell_parameters () field according to an embodiment.
  • the system_id field is a field used for identifying a system unique to a broadcast network to be transmitted.
  • the system_parameters () field may include parameters indicating transmission system characteristics such as whether SISO / MIMO, bandwidth, guard interval, transmission mode, and the like.
  • the cell_parameters () field may include parameters indicating cell information such as a center frequency and a cell identifier.
  • the SDT is a table that contains information about a plurality of services included in one transport frame.
  • the SDT according to the first embodiment of the present invention may include a transport_stream_id field and a service loop.
  • the service loop is repeated as many as the number of services included in a transport frame and includes a service_id field.
  • the transport_stream_id field is the same as the transport_stream_id field included in the NIT, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the service_id field is used to identify a plurality of services included in a transport frame.
  • FIG. 50 is a syntax structure illustrating delivery_system_descriptor included in the NIT of FIG. 49 in more detail, and is used to connect a TS with a PLP_GROUP_ID field of the L1 signaling information area 500100.
  • the delivery_system_descriptor may include a descriptor_tag field, a descriptor_length field, a system_id field, a PLP_GROUP_ID field, and a first loop.
  • the first loop is used when the size of the descriptor_lenth field is larger than 3, and may include a system_parameters () field and a second loop.
  • the second loop may include a cell_parameters () field.
  • the descriptor_tag field indicates that the corresponding descriptor is delivery_system_descriptor.
  • the descriptor_length field represents the size from this field to the last field in the descriptor.
  • the system_id field is a field used for identifying a system unique to a broadcast network to be transmitted.
  • the PLP_GROUP_ID field indicates the identifier of the PLP group to be merged with the transport_stream_id field of the NIT. Since the basic content is the same as the PLP_GROUP_ID field described with reference to FIG. 47, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the system_parameters () field included in the first loop and the cell_parameters () field included in the second loop are the same as described with reference to FIG. 49, and thus a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • 51 is a flowchart illustrating a service scan method of a receiver according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the receiver receives a TS type broadcast signal transmitted through a specific channel through tuning (S507100).
  • tuning in order to receive a service desired by a user, information about a service included in a transmission frame transmitted through a channel is required.
  • this process may be performed in the tuner of the receiver and may be changed according to the designer's intention.
  • the receiver decodes the L1 signaling information included in the transmission frame to obtain a PLP identifier, PLP group identifier information, etc. (S507200). Thereafter, the receiver identifies the PLP groups through the decoded PLP group ID, selects a desired PLP group, and decodes the PLP transmitting the L2 signaling information and the PSI / SI (S507300).
  • the receiver may decode the NIT and the SDT included in the decoded L2 signaling information, decode the PAT / PMT included in the PLP, and store service information associated with the transmission system and the PLP structure (S507400).
  • the service information according to the present invention may include a service ID for identifying a service.
  • the receiver may determine whether the currently selected PLP group is the last PLP group (S507500).
  • the receiver may return to step S507300 to select the next PLP group, and if it is determined that it is the last PLP group.
  • the receiver may determine whether the current channel is the last channel (S507600).
  • the receiver may return to step S507100 again to tune the next channel, and if determined to be the last channel, the first service or the preset service may be tuned using the stored service information ( S507700).
  • decoding of L1 signaling information, L2 signaling information, PLP for transmitting PSI / SI, and PLPs including components includes frame demapper, BICM decoder, and output. It may be performed in at least one of the processors. If the apparatus for receiving broadcast signals is illustrated in FIG. 35, the decoding of the L1 signaling information, the L2 signaling information, the PLP transmitting the PSI / SI, and the PLPs transmitting the components may include a frame demapper, a PLP deinterleaving and demodulator module, an L1 decoder, and a BBF. At least one of the decoder and the null packet reconstruction module may be performed. In addition, the scanning process may be performed by a separate controller.
  • FIG. 52 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a correlation between a service and a PLP group according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first embodiment is a signaling method using a PLP group ID and a service ID.
  • the receiver may restore one service using an association relationship between the service and the PLP group at the service level.
  • the second embodiment of the present invention when receiving a TS format broadcast signal, not only a method of signaling using a correlation between a service and a PLP group, but also a type of a current TS and a component included in each PLP. It is intended to provide a signaling method for acquiring information and selectively receiving a TS and a PLP based on the information.
  • the L1 signaling information area 508100 includes information related to each of a plurality of PLPs, that is, a PLP_GROUP ID field, a PLP_ID field, a PLP_COMPONENT_TYPE field, and the like.
  • the L2 signaling information region 508200 includes NIT and SDT according to an embodiment.
  • the NIT includes the same PLP_GROUP_ID field and transport_stream_id field as the PLP_GROUP_ID field included in the L1 signaling information region 508100. Through this, the receiver can know which PLP group a specific TS is associated with.
  • the SDT includes a transport_stream_id field and a service_id field identical to the transport_stream_id included in the NIT. Through this, the receiver can distinguish and select a service transmitted through a specific transport frame.
  • the PMT includes a program_number field matching the service_id field included in the SDT according to an embodiment. This allows the receiver to check the program number corresponding to the selected service.
  • the PMT includes a stream type field, a PLP_ID field, and a PLP_COMPONENT_TYPE field according to an embodiment. In this case, the receiver can identify the type of the current stream through the stream type field, and selectively decode the PLP by identifying the component type included in the current PLP through the PLP_COMPONENT_TYPE field.
  • the receiver can identify a desired service among the services included in the transmission frame by obtaining the service_id field from the SDT as in the first embodiment, and identify the PLP group associated with the TS transmitting the service through NIT. have. Thereafter, the receiver decodes the PLPs included in the PLP group identified by the PLP_GROUP_ID field value of the L1 signaling information to recover the TS of one service. In addition, the PLP is selectively decoded using the PLP_COMPONENT_TYPE field and the PLP_ID field to provide an image suitable for receiver characteristics.
  • L1 signaling information NIT, SDT, and PMT according to the second embodiment will be described.
  • the L1 signaling information according to the second embodiment includes the same fields as the L1 signaling information described with reference to FIGS. 46 to 48, and NIT and SDT are the same as the NIT and SDT described with reference to FIG. 49, detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the PMT is a table indicating the types of streams included in each service or including PID information identifying streams.
  • the PMT according to the second embodiment of the present invention may be transmitted through a PLP, and the transmission side may process and transmit the same as data.
  • the PMT may include a program_number field and a PID loop.
  • the program_number field is used to identify each program (or service) in the current TS and matches the service_id field of the SDT.
  • the PID loop may include PID information (elementary_PID), stream type (stream_type field), and component_id_descriptor of a TS packet in which an individual bit stream such as video or audio constituting a program (or service) is transmitted.
  • the stream_type field indicates the type and encoding information of the ES included in the TS packet having the PID value indicated by the elementary_PID field.
  • the stream type according to the present invention may include an SVC stream, an AVC stream, and the like.
  • the elementary_PID field represents an identifier of an elementary stream (ES). That is, this field is used to identify the TS packet transmitting the ES.
  • the component_id_descriptor includes a PLP_ID field and a PLP_COMPONENT_TYPE field according to an embodiment. Since the PLP_ID field and the PLP_COMPONENT_TYPE field are the same as the PLP_ID field and the PLP_COMPONENT_TYPE field included in the L1 signaling information, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the receiver may identify and select a stream through the stream_type field.
  • the PLP_COMPONENT_TYPE field may be used to determine whether a component transmitted by the PLP is a base layer or an enhancement layer and may selectively decode the PLP of the enhancement layer according to characteristics of the receiver.
  • FIG. 53 is a syntax structure illustrating the component_id_descriptor included in the PMT of FIG. 52 in more detail and is used to connect a TS with a PLP_COMPONENT_TYPE field of L1 signaling information.
  • the component_id_descriptor may include a descriptor_tag field, a descriptor_length field, a system_id field, a PLP_ID field, and a PLP_COMPONENT_TYPE field.
  • the PLP_ID field may be used to identify a PLP matching with the PID substream of the corresponding stream type.
  • 54 is a flowchart illustrating a service scan method of a receiver according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the receiver receives a TS type broadcast signal transmitted through a specific channel through tuning (S510100).
  • a TS type broadcast signal transmitted through a specific channel through tuning (S510100).
  • information for identifying a service included in a transmission frame transmitted through a channel is required.
  • this process may be performed in the tuner of the receiver and may be changed according to the designer's intention.
  • the receiver decodes the L1 signaling information included in the transmission frame to obtain a PLP ID, a PLP group ID, a system ID, and the like (S510200). Thereafter, the receiver identifies the PLP groups based on the decoded PLP group ID, selects the desired PLP group, and decodes the PLP including the L2 signaling information and the PSI / SI (S510300). The receiver may decode the NIT and the SDT included in the decoded L2 signaling information, decode the PAT / PMT included in the PLP, and store service information associated with the information about the transmission system and the PLP structure (S510400).
  • the receiver may identify the type of a component currently transmitted by the PLP using the stream_type field and the PLP_COMPONENT_TYPE field included in the decoded PMT, and may store a component to be additionally received according to the characteristics of the receiver (S510500). That is, the receiver may further receive / store a component corresponding to a service that can be provided according to receiver characteristics using the above-described stream_type and PLP_ COMPONENT_TYPE information.
  • the receiver may determine whether the currently selected PLP group is the last PLP group (S510600).
  • the receiver may return to step S510300 and select the next PLP group, and if it is determined that it is the last PLP group.
  • the receiver may determine whether the current channel is the last channel (S510600).
  • the receiver may return to step S510100 again to tune the next channel, and if it is determined that the last channel, the receiver may tune the first service or the pre-set service using the stored service information ( S510700).
  • decoding of L1 signaling information, L2 signaling information, PLP for transmitting PSI / SI, and PLPs including components includes frame demapper, BICM decoder, and output. It may be performed in at least one of the processors. If the apparatus for receiving broadcast signals is illustrated in FIG. 35, the decoding of the L1 signaling information, the L2 signaling information, the PLP transmitting the PSI / SI, and the PLPs transmitting the components may include a frame demapper, a PLP deinterleaving and demodulator module, an L1 decoder, and a BBF. At least one of the decoder and the null packet reconstruction module may be performed. In addition, the scanning process may be performed by a separate controller.
  • 55 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a correlation between a service and a PLP according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • a receiver when a receiver scans a channel, it may not be able to search all of the PLPs that transmit a component included in one service. This is because there may be a PLP that does not include PSI / SI because components included in one service for each service are transmitted through each PLP.
  • the third embodiment of the present invention transmits PSI / SI such as PAT / PMT to any PLP included in a plurality of PLP regions, so that all PLPs transmitting components included in one service can be searched.
  • a PLP for transmitting service configuration information such as PAT / PMT may be referred to as a base PLP. That is, when the receiver decodes the base PLP, the receiver may obtain information about the remaining component PLPs included in one service.
  • the receiver instead of processing all the TS to obtain signaling information, the receiver processes the signaling information in the physical layer to obtain signaling information included in the base PLP, thereby for each PLP. Signaling information can be obtained.
  • the L1 signaling information area 511100 may include information related to each of a plurality of PLPs, that is, a PLP_GROUP ID field, a PLP_ID field, a PLP_COMPONENT_TYPE field, a PLP_PROFILE field, and the like.
  • the L2 signaling information region 511200 includes NIT and SDT.
  • the NIT includes a BASE_PLP_ID field that matches the PLP_ID field included in the L1 signaling information region 511100.
  • the receiver may identify a base PLP for transmitting PMT / PAT.
  • the SDT includes a transport_stream_id field and a service_id field identical to the transport_stream_id included in the NIT. Through this, the receiver may separately select a service transmitted through a specific transport frame.
  • the PMT transmitted through the base PLP includes a program_number field matching the service_id field included in the SDT. Through this, the receiver may identify a program number corresponding to the selected service.
  • the PMT includes a stream type field, a PLP_ID field, and a PLP_PROFILE field. In this case, the receiver may determine the type of the current stream through the stream type field included in the PMT, and decode the PLP suitable for the receiver by identifying the component association with the PLP using the PLP_ID field and the PLP_PROFILE field.
  • the receiver may decode the PLP for transmitting differentiated service components such as standard definition service and high definition service according to the characteristics of the receiver using the PLP_PROFILE field included in the PMT. Through this, the TS corresponding to the characteristics of the receiver can be restored.
  • the receiver may identify and select the base PLP using the BASE_PLP_ID field included in the NIT, and decode the PMT transmitted through the base PLP.
  • the identifier of the desired service is identified through the service_id field included in the SDT, and all the PLPs transmitting components included in the selected service are decoded using the PLP_ID fields included in the PMT as well as the receiver using the PLP_PROFILE field. Depending on the characteristics of the specific PLP can be decoded.
  • L1 signaling information region 511100 the NIT, the SDT, and the PMT according to the third embodiment will be described.
  • the L1 signaling information of the third embodiment is the same as the L1 signaling information described with reference to FIGS. 46 to 48, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the PLP_PROFILE field may identify whether the corresponding PLP is a mandatory PLP or an optional PLP. For example, when a component transmitted through a PLP is classified into a base layer or an enhancement layer, the PLP transmitting the base layer may be an essential PLP, and the PLP transmitting the enhancement layer may be an optional PLP.
  • the base PLP also becomes an essential PLP. That is, the receiver uses the PLP_PORFILE field to determine which receiver can use the PID component transmitted to the current PLP according to receiver characteristics such as a mobile receiver and a fixed receiver, and to determine whether to decode the current PLP according to the receiver characteristics. can do.
  • the NIT of the third embodiment is the same as the NIT of the second embodiment described with reference to FIG. 52, but may further include a BASE_PLP_ID field.
  • the BASE_PLP_ID field is used to identify a base PLP.
  • the base PLP may transmit PSI / SI information of a corresponding service such as PMT / PAT.
  • the BASE_PLP_ID field may be included in delivery_system_descriptor of NIT.
  • the PMT of the third embodiment includes a program_number field and a PID loop, and the PID loop includes a stream_type field and a component_id_descriptor.
  • the component_id_descriptor includes a PLP_PROFILE field and a PLP_ID field.
  • the contents of the program_number field and the PLP_ID field are the same as those described with reference to FIGS. 47 and 52. Since the PLP_PROFILE field is the same as the PLP_PROFILE field included in the L1 signaling information, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • FIG. 56 is a syntax structure illustrating in more detail the delivery_system_descriptor included in the NIT of FIG. 55.
  • the delivery_system_descriptor of the third embodiment of the present invention is the same as the delivery_system_descriptor of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 50, but may further include a BASE_PLP_ID field. Since the contents of the BASE_PLP_ID field are the same as those described with reference to FIG. 55, detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted.
  • FIG. 57 is a syntax structure illustrating the component_id_descriptor included in the PMT of FIG. 55 in more detail.
  • the component_id_descriptor included in the PID loop of the PMT of the third embodiment of the present invention is the same as the component_id_descriptor of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 52, but may include a PLP_PROFILE field instead of the PLP_COMPONENT_TYPE field. Since the content of the PLP_PROFILE field is the same as that described with reference to FIG. 55, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • FIG. 58 shows one embodiment of a PLP_PROFILE field according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the PLP_PROFILE field may provide information in a selector format in units of bits.
  • the PLP_PROFILE field may indicate information about a video component according to the field value.
  • 0x00 indicates a common profile and indicates that the component can be received and used by any receiver.
  • 0x01 indicates a mobile profile component that can only be used in a mobile receiver
  • 0x02 indicates a HD profile component that can only be used in an HD receiver (or a fixed receiver)
  • 0x03 indicates a component that can be applied to both mobile and HD receivers Indicates that
  • FIG. 59 is a flowchart illustrating a service scan method of a receiver according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the receiver receives a TS type broadcast signal through tuning (S515100).
  • tuning S515100
  • information for identifying a service included in a transmission frame transmitted through a channel is required.
  • this process may be performed in the tuner of the receiver and may be changed according to the designer's intention.
  • the receiver decodes the L1 signaling information included in the transmission frame to obtain PLP ID, PLP group ID, PLP component type information, PLP profile information, system ID, and the like (S515150). Thereafter, the receiver identifies the PLP groups based on the decoded PLP group ID, selects the desired PLP group, and decodes the L2 signaling information (S515200). In addition, the receiver decodes the NIT included in the L2 signaling information and finds a base PLP of each service using the BASE_PLP_ID field included in the NIT (S515250).
  • the receiver may identify the TS included in the PLP group by using the transport_stream_id field included in the NIT, and decode the PMT included in the base PLP (S515300).
  • the receiver uses the PLP_PROFILE field included in the component ID descriptor field of the decoded PMT to determine which receiver of a broadcast service component currently transmitted to the PLP can be used in which receiver according to receiver characteristics such as a mobile receiver and an HD receiver, and the PLP_ID field.
  • the PLP to be decoded can be selectively decoded using.
  • the receiver may store information regarding a relationship between the component and the PLP in consideration of characteristics of the receiver (S515350).
  • the information about the relationship between the component and the PLP may be PID information of the PMT and a PLP ID included in the component ID descriptor.
  • the receiver may determine whether the current TS is the last TS in the PLP group (S515400).
  • the receiver may return to step S515250 to parse the NIT and acquire a base PLP through the BASE_PLP_ID field, and if it is determined that the last TS, the receiver determines whether the current PLP group is the last PLP group. It may be (S515450).
  • the receiver may return to step S515200 again, select the next PLP group, decode the base PLP, and determine that it is the last PLP group. The receiver may determine whether it is the last channel (S515500).
  • the receiver may return to step S515100 again and tune the next channel. If it is determined that the channel is the last channel, the receiver may tune the first service or the pre-set service (S515550).
  • decoding of L1 signaling information, L2 signaling information, a base PLP for transmitting PSI / SI, and PLPs including components includes a frame demapper, a BICM decoder, It may be performed in at least one of the output processors. If the apparatus for receiving broadcast signals is illustrated in FIG.
  • the decoding of the L1 signaling information, the L2 signaling information, the base PLP transmitting PSI / SI, and the PLPs transmitting components may include a frame demapper, a PLP deinterleaving and demodulator module, an L1 decoder, It may be performed in at least one of the BBF decoder and the null packet reconstruction module. In addition, the scanning process may be performed by a separate controller.
  • 60 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a correlation between a service and a PLP according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • a receiver when a broadcast signal is transmitted in the form of IP, a receiver obtains a service ID address, information on a component type and a component address included in the PLP, merges the PLPs included in the same PLP group, and transmits one transport stream. Signaling method for recovering
  • the L1 signaling information region 516100 includes information related to each of a plurality of PLPs, that is, a PLP_GROUP_ID field, a PLP_ID field, and the like. do.
  • the L2 signaling information region 516200 includes an IP information table.
  • the IP information table may include an IP_address_list () field and a descriptor.
  • the IP_address_list () field includes IP address information for receiving bootstrap information
  • the descriptor may include a PLP_GROUP_ID field included in the L1 signaling information area 516100, a PLP_GROUP_ID field identical to the PLP_ID field, In an embodiment, the PLP_ID field is included. Since the IP_address_list () field and the descriptor are paired with each other, the receiver can know which PLP group is associated with a specific IP stream. Thereafter, the receiver may receive bootstrap information using the IP_address_list () field.
  • the bootstrap information includes a boot_IP_address field, and through this, the receiver may acquire an IP address for obtaining service guide or broadcast content guide information.
  • the receiver may receive service guide information such as an electronic service guide (ESG) / broadcast content guide (BCG) through the received bootstrap information.
  • the service guide information or the broadcast content guide information may be received through an interactive channel or may be received through an IP stream included in a specific PLP, which is possible according to the designer's intention.
  • the receiver may identify and decode the desired service and service component using the service_id field, component_type field, and component_IP_address field included in the ESG / BCG.
  • the receiver obtains the IP address of each service and service component through the component_IP_address field included in the ESG / BCG or the boot_IP_address field of the bootstrap information, and through the IP_address_list () field and the PLP_GROUP_ID field of the IP information table, It can be seen whether the packet and the PLP group are associated. Thereafter, the receiver may restore one service by merging the service components included in the PLP having the same PLP_GROUP_ID field value included in the L1 signaling information region 516100.
  • the L1 signaling information of the fourth embodiment may include the same fields as the L1 signaling information described with reference to FIGS. 46 to 48, and the receiver determines whether to match with the component_type field included in the ESG / BCG using the PLP_COMPONENT_TYPE field. Can be.
  • the IP information table of the fourth embodiment is a table containing information related to IP, that is, information such as an IP address.
  • the receiver can know how the IP stream is transmitted from the IP information table.
  • the IP information table may include an IP_addr_location loop, and the IP_addr_location loop may include target_IP_add_descriptor () and IP / MAC_location_descriptor.
  • the target_IP_add_descriptor () may include an IP_address_list () field, and the IP_address_list () field may include information related to an IP address.
  • an IP address / port field is included. There may be a plurality of IP address / port fields according to the number of UDP ports.
  • the IP / MAC_location_descriptor may be called an IP / MAC_location_information field and is used to connect an IP stream with the PLP_COMPONENT_TYPE field included in the L1 signaling information.
  • the IP / MAC_location_descriptor may include a PLP_ID field and a PLP_GROUP_ID field identical to the PLP_ID field and the PLP_GROUP_ID field included in the L1 signaling information.
  • Bootstrap may include a boot_IP_addr field, and the boot_IP_addr field may identify a boot address of the IP.
  • ESG / BCG may include a NUM_SERVICE loop.
  • the NUM_SERVICE loop is a service_name field corresponding to a plurality of services. It may include a service_id field and a NUM_COMPONENT loop.
  • the service_name field may be used to indicate the name of each service, and the service_id field may be used to identify each service.
  • the NUM_COMPONENT loop is a loop including information on a plurality of components included in a service and may include a component_type field and a component_IP_address field.
  • the component_type field may be used to identify a component type of a service, and a component according to the present invention may include a base layer video component, a video component of an enhancement layer, an audio component, a data component, and the like. In addition, this field may match the PLP_COMPONENT_TYPE field included in the L1 signaling information.
  • the component_IP_address field may identify an IP address of each component.
  • 61 is a view showing an embodiment of IP / MAC_location_descriptor according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the same fields as the component_id_descriptor field according to the second embodiment of the present invention described with reference to FIG. 53 are included, but the PLP_GROUP_ID field is included instead of the PLP_COMPONENT_TYPE field. can do. Since the contents of each field are the same as described above with reference to FIGS. 47 and 53, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • FIG. 62 is a flowchart illustrating a service scan method of a receiver according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the receiver receives an IP type broadcast signal through tuning (S518100).
  • tuning S518100
  • information about a service included in a transmission frame transmitted through a channel is required.
  • this process may be performed in the tuner of the receiver and may be changed according to the designer's intention.
  • the receiver decodes the L1 signaling information included in the transmission frame to obtain a PLP ID, a PLP group ID, and the like (S518200). Thereafter, the receiver identifies the PLP groups through the decoded PLP group ID, selects a desired PLP group, and decodes the PLP including the L2 signaling information, the PSI / SI, and the meta data (S518300).
  • the receiver decodes the IP information table included in the decoded L2 signaling information, and decodes meta data included in the PLP (S518400).
  • service information associated with information about a transmission system and a PLP structure may be obtained and stored (S518400).
  • the service information according to the present invention may include a service IP address, a component IP address, and the like. Thereafter, the receiver may determine whether the currently selected PLP group is the last PLP group (S518500).
  • the receiver may return to step S518300 and select the next PLP group, and if it is determined that it is the last PLP group.
  • the receiver may determine whether the current channel is the last channel (S518600).
  • the receiver may return to step S518100 again to tune the next channel, and if it is determined that it is the last channel, the receiver may tune the first service or the pre-set service using the stored service information ( S518700).
  • the decoding of the LLP signaling information, the L2 signaling information, the PLP for transmitting the PSI / SI and the metadata, and the PLPs including the components may include a frame demapper and a BICM. It may be performed at least one of a decoder and an output processor. If the apparatus for receiving broadcast signals is illustrated in FIG. 36, the decoding of the L1 signaling information, the L2 signaling information, the PLP transmitting PSI / SI and metadata, and the decoding of PLPs transmitting components may include a frame demapper, a PLP deinterleaving and demodulator module, and an L1. At least one of the decoder and the BBF decoder may be performed. In addition, the scanning process may be performed by a separate controller.
  • a plurality of PLPs are generated by dividing an input stream including a broadcast service into a plurality of components based on a packet identifier, and generate first and second signaling information signaled by signaling information for identifying the plurality of PLPs.
  • the input stream is TS and the packet identifier is PID.
  • the first signaling information is L1 signaling information and the second signaling information is L2 signaling information.
  • one of the plurality of PLPs is a base PLP including a program number corresponding to the broadcast service and program map table (PMT) information in which identification information of each PLP is signaled.
  • step S600100 is performed by an input pre-processor.
  • FEC encoding is performed on a plurality of PLPs and first and second signaling information (S600200), and a transmission frame including the plurality of FEC-encoded PLPs and first and second signaling information.
  • S600300 To generate (S600300).
  • the FEC encoding is performed by the FEC encoder of the BICM module, and the generation of the transmission frame is performed by the frame builder.
  • step S600400 inserting a pilot signal of a specific pilot pattern into the transmission frame, inserting a first preamble signal signaled by a preamble format and a second preamble signal signaled by pilot pattern information to a start position of a transmission frame into which the pilot signal is inserted; (S600400).
  • the first preamble signal is P1 signaling information
  • the second preamble signal is AP1 signaling information.
  • step S600400 is performed in an OFDM generator.
  • the first signaling information includes PLP group identification information (PLP GROUP ID) for identifying a PLP group including the plurality of PLPs and PLP identification information (PLP ID) for identifying each PLP.
  • the signaling information includes base PLP identification information (BASE PLP ID) for identifying the base PLP and service identification information (SERVICE ID) for identifying the broadcast service.
  • the base PLP identification information is included in the NIT of the second signaling information
  • the service identification information is included in the SDT of the second signaling information.
  • the present invention may be applied in whole or in part to a digital broadcasting system.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un émetteur de signal de radiodiffusion, un récepteur de signal de radiodiffusion, et un procédé d'émission-réception d'un signal de radiodiffusion utilisant ceux-ci. Le procédé d'émission du signal de radiodiffusion comprend les étapes suivantes: la production d'une pluralité de PLP par division en plusieurs composantes d'un flux d'entrée comprenant un service de radiodiffusion, sur la base d'un identifiant de paquets, et la production de premières et secondes informations de signalisation, certaines d'entre elles servant à identifier la pluralité de PLP dont l'un est un PLP de base assorti d'un numéro de programme correspondant au service de radiodiffusion et d'une table de mappage des programmes utilisable pour identifier des informations pour chaque PLP; le codage FEC de la pluralité de PLP, des premières informations de signalisation et des secondes informations de signalisation; la production d'une trame d'émission comprenant la pluralité de PLP soumis à codage FEC, les premières informations de signalisation et les secondes informations de signalisation; et l'insertion dans la trame d'émission d'un signal pilote présentant un modèle pilote spécifique, l'insertion d'un premier signal de préambule présentant un format de préambule à l'emplacement de départ de la trame d'émission où le signal pilote a été inséré, l'insertion d'un second signal de préambule présentant les informations de modèle pilote, et leur transmission. Les premières informations de signalisation comprennent des informations d'identification de groupes de PLP incluant la pluralité de PLP, et des informations d'identification de PLP permettant d'identifier chaque PLP. Les secondes informations de signalisation comprennent des informations d'identification de PLP de base permettant d'identifier le PLP de base, et des informations d'identification de service permettant d'identifier le service de radiodiffusion.
PCT/KR2011/001218 2010-02-23 2011-02-23 Émetteur de signal de radiodiffusion, récepteur de signal de radiodiffusion, et procédé d'émission-réception de signal de radiodiffusion utilisant ceux-ci WO2011105776A2 (fr)

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CN106464940A (zh) * 2015-03-04 2017-02-22 索尼公司 接收设备、接收方法、传输设备以及传输方法
US11490138B2 (en) 2015-03-04 2022-11-01 Saturn Licensing Llc Reception apparatus, reception method, transmission apparatus, and transmission method for indicating presence or absence of signaling information in a payload of a packet

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