WO2011102755A1

WO2011102755A1 - Spade

Info

Publication number: WO2011102755A1
Application number: PCT/RU2011/000083
Authority: WO
Inventors: Александр Михайлович ДЖЕТЫМОВ; Михаил Александрович ДЖЕТЫМОВ
Original assignee: Dzhetymov Aleksandr Mikhailovich; Dzhetymov Mikhail Aleksandrovich
Priority date: 2010-02-17
Filing date: 2011-02-16
Publication date: 2011-08-25
Also published as: RU2010105465A; RU2457643C2

Abstract

The invention relates to tools for working the soil, and can be used in agriculture, allotment growing, and gardening both for working new ground and for digging over the soil in autumn and spring, as well as for removing root crops and digging trenches for the planting of trees and bushes. The spade comprises a blade and a composite shaft, one part of which is connected to the blade, while the other is connected to a handle (grip). The composite parts of the shaft are joined at an angle and are fastened by a rigid link. The rigid link is in the form of a bent tube, bar or shaped rod. The spade can be equipped with an additional handle (grip) connected to the blade by a flexible length-adjustable pull rod. The design of the spade makes it easier to dig the soil.

Description

SHOVEL

The workers' dream of a simple, reliable and cheap shovel, which you can work tirelessly for a long time, while not bending your back, seemed to be a pipe dream. But she came true! Such a shovel "DREAM" invented. The invention relates to tools for tillage in agriculture, summer cottages and household plots and can be used both for processing virgin lands and for autumn and spring digging of the soil, as well as for harvesting root crops and digging various ditches and grooves for planting in them trees and bushes. A shovel can be used in any work that uses well-known bayonet shovels, and military units can also be equipped with it. The proposed shovel "DREAM" is currently an innovative anti-crisis weapon. If it is not possible to bury and bury the crisis completely, then there are huge chances to deliver a significant blow to it by using a shovel to grow your own potatoes and other root crops without special efforts, rather than buying them at prices that only grow steadily, turning them into an expensive delicacy .

Since time immemorial, the most common bayonet shovel containing a blade and a rectilinear stalk connected to the blade, usually with a circle section, is well known. The main disadvantage of this shovel is severe fatigue and great physical exertion on the body of the person working when using it, especially severe pain in the spine arising from the need to “bend the back” at each separation from the soil.

This disadvantage is only slightly eliminated also in the well-known shovel containing a blade and a handle connected to it, on the other end of which there is a handle or handle. The disadvantage is heavy loads, especially during the initial cultivation of the soil in a new garden or household plot, and if the plot is more than six hundred parts, then work for many elderly people is excessive and is a real nightmare.

A spade is known, which contains a handle, a blade mounted at an obtuse angle to it and connected to the blade with a length-adjustable rod, at the end of which there is an additional handle, and the axis of attachment of the rod is offset from the axis of the blade to its lateral edge [1]. Working with this shovel is much easier, but it also has drawbacks: the hands of both hands, the lower back and the spine hurt no less, if not more. In addition, when digging virgin and In heavy clay soils, the bending angle changes, it becomes more difficult to work, fatigue appears, and often the shovel breaks down because it breaks at the bend of the blade, i.e. the operational life of the shovel is reduced.

A shovel [2] is known, which has a curved shank connected to the blade and an additional handle on the rod, the axis of attachment of which is located on the axis of the blade. The disadvantage of this shovel is the pain of the shoulder joint, hands and fingers of both hands during and after work, as well as the need to spend considerable effort when working due to the small angle of the bend of the handle. These disadvantages are eliminated in the well-known shovel [3], but this shovel is expensive.

Closest to the proposed shovel is the well-known shovel [4], containing a composite handle, one part of which is connected to the blade, and the other part to the handle or handle. Parts of the compound handle are interconnected by a hard link. When working with this shovel, you do not have to bend down and raise the soil at all. When working with this shovel, there is no need to bend your back.

However, this shovel also has drawbacks: its manufacturing cost is quite high due to the greater number of parts, which increase the cost of its manufacture compared to the proposed shovel, and taking into account the low purchasing power of the population and the constant stable increase in prices for everything and everything, buying a well-known shovels are becoming inaccessible to so many, especially for senior citizens.

The purpose of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks: reducing production costs and manufacturing costs, and therefore the cost of the shovel. This goal is achieved due to the fact that the rigid link can be made in the form of a curved pipe, beam or rod of shaped section — The goal can also be achieved due to the fact that the shovel can be equipped with an additional handle connected to the blade by a flexible rod that is adjustable in length along the length.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a shovel with a compound handle, the parts of which are connected between each other, at an angle with a rigid link, made in the form of a curved cast iron pipe.

In FIG. Figure 2 shows a shovel with a composite handle, the parts of which are connected between each other, at an angle with a rigid link, made in the form of a curved cast iron pipe. The shovel is equipped with an additional handle connected to the blade by a flexible thrust adjustable in length.

In FIG. 3 shows a shovel with a composite handle, parts of which are connected to each other at an angle by means of a rigid link, which is a curved steel pipe.

Fig. 4 shows the same shovel as in fig. 4, equipped with an additional handle connected to the blade with a flexible, length-adjustable rod. In FIG. 5 shows the implementation of the connection of the parts of the composite cuttings of this shovel with a rigid link in the form of a curved pipe due to gluing of their contacting surfaces and fastening with screws and self-tapping screws.

In FIG. 6 shows the implementation of the connection of the parts of the composite cuttings of this shovel with a rigid link in the form of a curved pipe.

In FIG. 7 shows a general view of two manufactured shovels with a compound shank of various sizes, the parts of which are rigidly connected to each other at an angle by means of a rigid link. One of the shovels has a rigid link made in the form of a polypropylene pipe bent at an angle, and on the other a shaped section (I-beam) bent at an angle.

In FIG. Figure 8 shows a shovel equipped with an additional handle connected to a blade (blade) with a flexible thrust adjustable in length, and with a compound handle, parts of which are interconnected and fixed by means of a rigid link in the form of a shaped section profile

In FIG. 9 shows a view of the connection section of the parts of the handle with a shaped profile

In FIG. 10 shows the fastening of the components of the handle with the straight parts of the shaped profil

In FIG. 11 shows the perimeter of the cross-section of each of the two shaped profiles and their fastening with parts of the composite handle.

Below, by way of example, descriptions of various designs of the proposed shovel are provided.

EXAMPLE 1. A shovel (Fig. 1) in which the blade 1 of the shovel is connected to the rectilinear part 2 of the composite handle. The second straight part 3 of the composite handle, equipped with a handle 4 mounted on its end. The component parts of the handle 2 and 3 are rigidly connected to each other at an angle by means of a rigid link, which is a curved pipe 5 cast from cast iron. The rigid link 5 is fixed with the components of the handle 2 and 3 by means of screws or self-tapping screws 11, for example, with a cylindrical head with a slot and a full thread DIN 7971 C ISO 1481 or self-tapping screws with a half-secret head with a slot and a full thread DIN 7973 C ISO 1483 ( Fig. 5). It is possible to glue them, as well as the contacting surfaces of the cuttings and the inner surface of the pipe, with a layer of glue 12 or epoxy resin 13 (Fig. 5). Such fastening of the parts of the shank is reliable during operation of the shovel, and simplifies the assembly of parts of the shovel in its manufacture. The length of the components of the handle 2 and 3, as well as the dimensions of the bent pipe 5 and the bending angle of this pipe are selected in advance.

The same shovel, containing an additional handle 8, connected to the blade 1 by a flexible rod, adjustable in length, attached to the blade by placing it in one of the holes 7 located in the corner of the upper edge of the blade 1. -shown in Fig. 2. Work with this - Pata is much more convenient than that shown in Fig.1. The shovel works as follows. When digging up soil in a garden or garden plot, the length of the link b is adjusted by setting it so that the additional handle 8 adjoins the handle 4 or is 2 nN cm below the handle 4. Blade 1 is pressed into the soil with the foot, stepping back about a step back so that the position of the handle 4, when the blade 1 is completely vertically pressed into the ground, is at an elongated distance, at the level of the shoulder of the arm (in height you can 5-15 cm below or above the level of the shoulders). The handle 4 is fed to itself, the blade with the soil is lifted, easily breaking away from the soil. By pulling with one hand (for right-handed people - left, and for left-handed people - right) additional handle 8 on flexible rod 6, at the same time with the second hand using handle 4, turning the handle around its axis, the blade is turned over, and the soil from the blade of the shovel is crumbled . It takes much less effort to detach from the soil with a blade than with a conventional bayonet shovel, since the formed lever with a shoulder equal to the length of an outstretched arm works. You can work with a shovel while standing, without bending over or bending over. At the same time, the most difficult operations that are inherent in working with a well-known bayonet shovel are completely excluded: lifting on the blade and folding up the cut soil. The back, arms, legs, and pain do not hurt after many hours of work even with wet soil. When working with this shovel, do not bend your back !!!

Shovel is indispensable for harvesting potatoes and other root crops. The heavy and unattractive labor of digging the soil, when using the proposed shovel, turns into pleasure. At the same time, when making a shank from wood or cheap plastic, the cost of a shovel is comparable to the cost of known shovels.

EXAMPLE 2. A shovel (Fig. 3) containing a blade and a compound handle, one of the parts of which 2 is connected to the blade 1, and the other 3 is connected to the handle 9. The difference between the handle 9 and the handle 4 is that it is rectilinear rod of circular or tubular cross section with a T-shaped connection with a handle. The components of the handle are rigidly fixedly connected to each other at an angle. The connection of the parts of the composite handle is formed by means of a rigid link (Fig. 3). The rigid link is made in the form of a pipe 5, bent to the required angle. The pipe may be metal, plastic or composite. In this example, a hard link, inside a steel bent pipe 5 has detachable shanks 2 and 3. These parts of the stalk can have an overall contact surface ^"14. This mounting (FIG. 6) and with a rigid fixing element (tube 5) formed by one 15 or two galvanized threaded rods, for example, type DIN 975 and nuts 18 with a hexagonal head made of structural galvanized steel, for example, corresponding to DIN 933 and ISO 4017, as well as washers 19 and nuts 17, equipped with “thumbs” for twisting - manual unscrewing without using specially th installation tool. To do this, there are holes in the rigid link in the form of a pipe 5, and in parts of the composite handle 2 and 3, holes are drilled the holes in which the studs are placed 15. These studs can be placed in the sleeves 16. It is more convenient to use easily mounted wing bolts 20 of the type DIN 316 and nuts 21 conforming to the DIN 315 standard, equipped with “wings” for twisting - manual unscrewing without using a special mounting tool. The surfaces of the cuttings in contact with each other and between the pipe can be further glued with a layer of glue 13 or epoxy resin 12.

When working with a shovel with such a handle 9, it is possible to conveniently (with two hands) tear off the blade with the soil from the soil, which significantly reduces the load and fatigue compared to working with a shovel equipped with a handle 4. A significant difference is also the lower cost of the handle 9 than the handle 4.

EXAMPLE 3. A shovel (Fig. 4) containing a blade and a composite handle, one of the parts of which 2 is connected to the blade 7, and the other 3 is connected to the handle 9. The component parts of the handle are rigidly fixedly connected to each other by a rigid link made of curved at an angle, pipes. The shovel contains an additional handle 10 connected to the blade 1 by a flexible rod 6 that is adjustable in length and stretched through one of the holes 7 located at the corners of the upper edge of the blade 1. A feature of this shovel is that the additional handle 10 is of a simpler design. The handle 10 is made of a piece of flexible or rigid pipe. The pipe section can be metal, wood, plastic, rubber, composite. A part of the flexible rod 6, which can be made of a cord, rope, wire, chain, etc., is passed inside the pipe, forming a loop. products. An advantage of this design is the lower cost of this handle 10 compared to handle 4. The shovel works in the same way as in the previous example.

EXAMPLE 4. In FIG. 7 shows a general view of two manufactured shovels with a composite handle, parts of which are of different sizes 2 and 5, connected by means of a rigid link 5 with fixation of the parts 2 and J of the handle in a predetermined position at an angle. One of the shovels (left in the photo) has a rigid link made in the form of a polypropylene pipe 5 bent at an angle with an inner diameter of 40 mm. The fastening of the polypropylene pipe with the parts of the handle is the same as in the previous examples. The shovel is equipped with a handle 4.

The second shovel (right in the photo, Fig. 7) is also made with a composite handle, parts of which are of different sizes 2 and 3, connected by means of a hard link. The rigid link 22 is made in the form of a curved rod shaped section (double tee) of durable aluminum alloy. The blade 1 of the shovel is connected to the rectilinear part 2 of the composite handle. The second rectilinear part 3 of the composite handle, is equipped with a handle 9 mounted on its end. The rigid link 22 is connected and fixed to the components of the handle 2 and 5 by means of a furniture confirm screw (hexagonal slot) or screw connection 23. Rigid Link 22 can be made in the form of rectilinear and curved rods of metal, alloy, wood, plastic or composite material with a rectangular cross section, as well as, for example, from a corner, channel, I-beam, rods of a special shaped cross section, etc. P. profile.

The operation of these shovels is carried out as in the previous examples.

EXAMPLE 5. A shovel equipped with an additional handle connected to the blade by a flexible rod, adjustable in length, with a compound handle, parts of which are connected between themselves and. fixed by means of two shaped profiles bent at the same angle, the perimeter of the cross-section of which contains an arc whose radius is equal to the radius of the handle

In FIG. 8 shows a shovel with a composite handle, one of the parts of which is connected to the blade 1, and the second part 3 is connected to the handle 4. Parts 2 and 3 of the composite handle are connected to each other at an angle in the plane perpendicular to the plane of the blade (blade) and secured by two curved shaped profiles 24 and 25. The perimeter of the cross section of each of these shaped profiles 24 and 25 (Fig. 10 and 11) contains one part made along an arc 26, the radius of which is equal to the radius of the circular cross section of the shovel handle. The angle between the rectilinear parts of the shaped profile 24 is formed by its flexible at a given angle, and a smaller angle between the rectilinear parts of the shaped profile is formed along the arc, the radius of which is equal to the radius of the circular cross section of the shank of the shovel. On the shaped profile 25, on the contrary, this angle is larger. In FIG. 9 shows a view along the arrow— * D of the section of the connection of the parts of the handle with the shaped profile. Their fastening with the straight parts of the shaped profile is made by means of one 15 or two galvanized threaded rods, for example, type DEM 975 (or bolts) and nuts 18 made of structural galvanized steel with a six-headed head, for example, according to DIN 933 and ISO 4017, as well as washers 19. For this purpose, in each profile 24 and 25 there are holes, and in the parts of the composite handle 2 and 5, holes are drilled in which the studs 15 are placed. These studs can be placed in the bushings 16. It is more convenient to use easily installed wing bolts type DIN 316 and g Menus 17 of the corresponding standard DIN 315, provided with 'mackerel' for tightening - loosening manually without using a special insertion tool.

The shovel contains an additional handle 8 connected to the blade 1 by a flexible rod 6, adjustable in length, stretched through one of two holes 7 located at the corners of the upper edge of the blade 1. A ring or a special hook can be inserted into this hole 7.

Depending on the purpose of the shovel: automobile, country, garden, small, planting, pedigree, ritual special shovel for funeral ceremonies, tourist, mining, character, as well as features performed with its help, cross-sectional configuration and dimensions of the shaped profile may be different. They work with a shovel in the same way as in the previous examples. The advantage of a shovel is its high quality, reduced load and fatigue during the processing of clay and other heavy soils with a slight increase in the cost of its manufacture compared to the cost of known shovels.

The shovel can be made without an additional handle 8, connected to the blade 1 by a flexible thrust adjustable in length b. However, digging with it is less convenient than with a shovel equipped with an additional handle 8.

To ensure greater ease of use of shovels by workers of various heights, with different lengths of legs and arms, shovels can be produced in three sizes: for people 150-165 cm tall; 165 + 175 cm; 175 + 200 cm. The shovels of these sizes can differ in the length of the constituent parts of the handle, as well as in the angle between them, the dimensions of the rigid link 15,

Information sources.

1. A.S. USSR NQ 1149887, MKIA01V 1.02 - 1.04

2 Calendar 2000. "Garden". With the lunar-solar calendar 2000.

Description on page March 16th. PE "Samokhin". Etc. N ° 065790

3. Pat. RF M 2152698 MKIA01V 1.02 - 1.04

4. RF application for the invention N ° 2004117578/12 (019047). Decision to grant a patent for this application

Claims

FORMULA OF THE INVENTION.

1. A shovel containing a blade and a compound handle, one part of which is connected to the blade, the other part of the compound handle can be connected to a handle or handle, and between each other the parts of the compound handle are connected by a rigid link, forming an angle between them, characterized in that it is rigid the link is made in the form of a curved pipe, beam or rod shaped section.

2. A shovel according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with an additional handle or handle connected to the blade with a flexible, adjustable, but not for thrust.