WO2011099578A1 - Dispositif de purification d'eau - Google Patents

Dispositif de purification d'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011099578A1
WO2011099578A1 PCT/JP2011/052929 JP2011052929W WO2011099578A1 WO 2011099578 A1 WO2011099578 A1 WO 2011099578A1 JP 2011052929 W JP2011052929 W JP 2011052929W WO 2011099578 A1 WO2011099578 A1 WO 2011099578A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
filtrate
filtration
line
raw water
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2011/052929
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
邦彦 山中
精一 石川
Original Assignee
Yamanaka Kunihiko
Ishikawa Seiichi
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yamanaka Kunihiko, Ishikawa Seiichi filed Critical Yamanaka Kunihiko
Priority to JP2011553899A priority Critical patent/JP5563604B2/ja
Publication of WO2011099578A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011099578A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/08—Hollow fibre membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
    • B01D2313/26—Specific gas distributors or gas intakes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B01D2321/02—Forward flushing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B01D2321/10—Use of feed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B01D2321/18—Use of gases
    • B01D2321/185—Aeration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B01D2321/44—Specific cleaning apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/74—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/05—Conductivity or salinity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a circulation type water purifier that performs partial filtration with a filtration membrane, can suppress the growth of bacteria, eliminates the need for cleaning with a chemical solution, or can greatly reduce the frequency thereof, maintainability, environmental conservation It is related with the water purifier excellent in property and energy saving.
  • Patent Document 1 includes a desalination apparatus for seawater (or brine)
  • Patent Document 2 includes a system for producing a sterile aqueous solution
  • Patent Document 3 includes a water treatment apparatus for processing sewage such as sewage. It is disclosed.
  • water shortages are becoming a serious problem on a global scale, and there is a growing demand for technologies for recycling organic wastewater including industrial wastewater and domestic wastewater.
  • membrane filtration methods such as reverse osmosis membranes and ultrafiltration membranes to produce reclaimed water with extremely good water quality that can be used as industrial, agricultural, or household water. Yes.
  • JP-A-6-23356 JP 7-8996 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-244979
  • the present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, with a simple configuration, without using a chemical solution, or significantly reducing the frequency, and reliably and efficiently removing solid particles and bacteria attached to the filtration membrane.
  • Bacteria growth can be suppressed, filtration membrane cleaning efficiency and environmental protection are excellent, and the durability, long life and maintenance of the filtration membrane can be greatly improved.
  • Prevention, stability of operation, filtration efficiency, energy saving, and control of electrolyte components contained in filtered water which can easily adjust the conductivity and dissolved oxygen concentration of filtered water.
  • the purpose is to provide a water purifier with excellent versatility that can be used for a wide range of purposes such as drinking water, washing water for foods, tableware and the like.
  • the water purification apparatus is a circulation type water purification apparatus that performs partial filtration with a filtration membrane disposed in a filtration unit, the raw water tank storing raw water, the raw water tank, and the A raw water supply line having a raw water supply pump and a raw water supply valve for connecting the filtration unit and supplying the raw water from the raw water tank to the filtration unit, and an upstream side of the raw water supply pump and the filtration unit connected to the raw water supply line
  • a concentrated water circulation line that circulates the concentrated water in which the solid particles are concentrated in the filtration unit, and a filtered water discharge line that has a filtered water discharge valve that is connected to the filtration unit and discharges the filtered water filtered by the filtration unit;
  • a concentrated water drain having a filtrate water tank for storing filtrate discharged from the filtrate drain line, and a concentrated water discharge valve for branching from the concentrate circulation line and discharging the concentrated
  • a raw water-side bubble generating part that is disposed downstream of the concentrated water discharge valve of the concentrated water discharge line and bubbles in the raw water tank, and from the upstream side of the filtered water discharge valve of the filtered water discharge line
  • a filtered filtrate supply line for washing having a filtrate supply valve that branches and is connected to the concentrated water circulation line downstream from the branch position of the concentrated water circulation line with the concentrated water discharge line and supplies the filtrate as washing water.
  • Concentrated between the raw water supply line and the filtration unit by continuously operating the raw water supply pump because it has a concentrated water circulation line that connects the upstream side of the pump and the filtration unit and circulates the concentrated water in which the solid particles are concentrated in the filtration unit. Filtration can be performed while circulating water, the load of the raw water supply pump can be reduced, and the durability and operational stability are excellent.
  • a concentrated water discharge line having a concentrated water discharge valve that branches off from the concentrated water circulation line and discharges the concentrated water to the raw water tank is provided. Therefore, the concentrated water can be prevented from being excessively concentrated, clogging of the filtration membrane can be reduced, and the filtration efficiency is excellent.
  • the raw water supply pump is not limited as long as it can suck the raw water from the raw water tank and supply it to the filtration unit and circulate the concentrated water concentrated in the filtration unit, but a centrifugal pump or the like is preferably used.
  • a centrifugal pump or the like is preferably used.
  • electromagnetic valves are preferably used.
  • the raw water side bubble generating unit may be any unit that can generate bubbles, but sucks ambient air into the drainage pipe using the negative pressure generated when the concentrated water is discharged from the concentrated water discharge line. Those that generate bubbles are preferably used. This is because drainage energy can be used effectively, no special power is required, and energy saving is excellent.
  • Invention of Claim 2 is a water purifier of Claim 1, Comprising: The switching valve arrange
  • a switching valve disposed downstream from the filtrate water supply valve of the filtrate water supply line for washing and a branch from the filtrate water supply line for washing between the filtrate water supply valve and the selector valve are connected to the raw water tank.
  • the filtration water supply valve of the washing filtrate supply line is closed during filtration, and the switching valve is opened, so that a part of the washing filtrate supply line is used to remove the raw water tank from the drainage line.
  • Concentrated water can be discharged, the piping can be simplified and the apparatus can be miniaturized, and space saving and mass productivity are excellent.
  • the drainage line is arranged in parallel with the concentrated water discharge line, it is possible to circulate by selecting the opening and closing of the switching valve of the washing filtrate supply line and the opening and closing of the concentrated water discharge valve of the concentrated water discharge line.
  • the amount of concentrated water discharged and the amount of bubbling in the raw water tank can be adjusted, and the concentration of the concentrated water can be kept at a moderate level to prevent clogging of the filtration membrane. Excellent.
  • the switching valve only needs to be able to adjust the opening / closing amount in the washing filtrate supply line, but a solenoid valve is preferably used.
  • the switching valve can adjust the supply amount of filtrate when supplying filtrate from the washing filtrate supply line, and also adjust the drainage of concentrated water and the drainage of concentrated water from the concentrate circulation line. be able to.
  • Invention of Claim 3 is a water purifier of Claim 1 or 2, Comprising: The said filtered water tank is connected upstream and the said filtrate water tank of the said filtrate drain valve of the said filtrate drain line, and the said filtrate water is used. It has the structure provided with the filtrate circulating line which has the filtrate circulating pump to circulate. With this configuration, in addition to the operation of the first or second aspect, the following operation is provided. (1) Connect the filtrate water tank upstream with the filtrate drain valve of the filtrate drain line and have a filtrate circulating pump to circulate the filtrate, so circulate the filtrate and filter it on the inner wall of the filtrate drain line. It can prevent the adhesion of minerals in the water and is excellent in maintainability.
  • the filtrate circulating pump may be any pump that can suck and circulate filtrate from the filtrate tank.
  • the required amount of filtered water can be taken out using the power of the filtered water circulation pump. It can be supplied to and has excellent energy savings.
  • Invention of Claim 4 is a water purification apparatus of Claim 3, Comprising: It branches from the said filtrate water supply valve of the said filtrate water supply line for washing
  • a filtration water bubbling line having a filtrate water bubble generating section that branches from the filtrate water supply valve downstream from the filtrate water supply valve and is connected to the filtrate water tank and bubbles in the filtrate water tank.
  • the filtered water-side bubble generating unit may be anything that can generate bubbles, but the negative pressure generated when the filtered water is discharged from the filtered water bubbling line, Those that suck air into a drain pipe to generate bubbles are preferably used. This is because drainage energy can be used effectively, no special power is required, and energy saving is excellent.
  • the Invention of Claim 5 is a water purifier of Claim 4, Comprising:
  • natural water side bubble generation part and the said filtrate water side bubble generation part are a cylindrical liquid inflow pipe, and the said liquid inflow pipe
  • a cylindrical liquid outflow pipe that is provided on the downstream side and has an inner diameter larger than the inner diameter of the liquid inflow pipe, and a plurality of air introduction pipes that are formed in the peripheral wall on the upstream side of the liquid outflow pipe and communicate with the liquid outflow pipe. And a hole.
  • Bubbling can be performed using the drainage energy of the concentrated water and filtered water that passes through the concentrated water discharge line and the filtered water bubbling line. The device can be simplified and the size can be reduced, and the space is saved.
  • the diameters of the liquid inflow pipe, the liquid outflow pipe, and the air introduction microhole can be appropriately selected according to the flow rate (flow velocity) of the fluid passing through the inside, but the inner diameter of the liquid outflow pipe is that of the liquid inflow pipe.
  • the inner diameter of the air introduction micropore is preferably 0.05 to 0.2 times the inner diameter of the liquid outflow pipe. As the inner diameter of the liquid outflow pipe becomes smaller than twice the diameter of the liquid inflow pipe, the gap formed between the fluid passing through the liquid outflow pipe and the inner wall surface of the liquid outflow pipe becomes smaller (the air layer becomes smaller).
  • the amount of air sucked from the air introduction micropores decreases, and bubbles tend to be less likely to be generated, and passes through the liquid outflow pipe as it becomes larger than 5 times the diameter of the liquid inflow pipe.
  • the fluid velocity drops below the pipe resistance, making it difficult for negative pressure to occur, reducing the amount of air sucked in, and the gap formed between the fluid passing through the liquid outlet pipe and the inner wall surface of the liquid outlet pipe Is large (the air layer is thick), the fluid passing through the liquid outflow pipe and the air sucked from the air introduction micropores are difficult to mix and stir, and the amount of bubbles generated tends to decrease, both of which are preferable. Absent.
  • the inner diameter of the air introduction microhole becomes smaller than 0.05 times the inner diameter of the liquid outflow pipe, the workability is lowered and clogging is likely to occur, and the stability of bubble generation tends to be reduced.
  • the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the liquid outflow pipe becomes smaller, and the fluid passing through the liquid outflow pipe And air are less likely to be mixed and stirred, and the amount of bubbles generated tends to decrease, which is not preferable.
  • the cross-sectional shapes of the liquid inflow pipe and the liquid outflow pipe may be uniform in the longitudinal direction, but various combinations can be selected as necessary.
  • the cross-sectional area may be gradually reduced toward the bottom, or the cross-sectional area may be gradually increased from the upstream end side of the liquid inflow pipe toward the downstream end side of the liquid outflow pipe.
  • the cross-sectional area of the liquid outflow pipe is gradually enlarged from the upstream end side toward the downstream end side, turbulent flow is generated inside the liquid outflow pipe, and the suction force of the air introduction micropore is increased. Bubbling (aeration) performance can be improved.
  • the Invention of Claim 6 is a water purifier of any one of Claims 1 thru
  • the said filtration part is two or more filtration membranes from which the performance arrange
  • the filtration unit is arranged in two or more filtration membranes arranged in parallel, a merging pipe connecting the filtration side of each filtration membrane and the filtrate discharge line, and each merging pipe And an electric conductivity meter on the filtrate discharge line, so that the conductivity of the filtrate discharged from the filtration unit can be measured with the conductivity meter.
  • an ultrafiltration membrane As a kind of filtration membrane arrange
  • a reverse osmosis membrane When a reverse osmosis membrane is used as one of the filtration membranes in the filtration section, RO water obtained by filtration through the reverse osmosis membrane can be used as washing filtered water, such as bacteria adhering to the raw water side of the filtration membrane It is possible to remove the deposits reliably and efficiently, and the cleaning efficiency is excellent.
  • Invention of Claim 7 is a water purifier of Claim 6, Comprising: The raw
  • the filtration unit has a raw water side connection pipe connecting the raw water sides of two filtration membranes arranged in parallel and having different performances, and an on-off valve arranged in the raw water side connection pipe, By closing the filtrate discharge valve of the filtrate drain line, the filtered water filtered through the high-performance filtration membrane out of the two filtration membranes has low performance through the confluence pipe by the pressure of the filtrate circulating pump It can be sent to the filtration side of the filtration membrane for cleaning, and is excellent in cleaning efficiency and long life of the filtration membrane.
  • the raw water supply valve of the raw water supply line, the filtrate discharge valve of the filtrate discharge line, and the concentrate discharge valve of the concentrate discharge line are closed, and the filtrate supply line for washing
  • the filtrate water stored in the filtrate water tank is led from the filtrate water circulation line to the filtrate water discharge line and washing filtrate water supply line to the concentrated water circulation line, and then the raw water It can be supplied to the raw water side of the filtration section through the supply line.
  • the raw water supply pump can be opened by opening an on-off valve arranged in the raw water side connecting pipe that connects the raw water sides of the two filtration membranes.
  • the raw water side of the two filtration membranes can be circulated and washed with filtered water, and the filtration membrane is excellent in durability and long life. Then, by selecting the opening and closing of the concentrated water discharge valve as appropriate, a portion of the filtered water used for cleaning is discharged to the raw water tank, and cleaning is performed while exchanging the circulating filtered water with new filtered water. The cleaning efficiency and reliability are excellent.
  • the water purifier of the present invention has the following effects.
  • (1) By generating bubbles in the raw water side bubble generation unit and oxidizing and precipitating organic matter, iron, magnesium, manganese, calcium, etc., the supernatant liquid in the raw water tank is supplied to the filtration unit and efficient in a short time
  • the filter membrane can be filtered and the raw water side of the filtration membrane can be washed using the filtered water filtered in the filtration section, greatly reducing or eliminating the use of chemicals. It is possible to provide a water purifier that is excellent in maintainability and environmental protection, that does not chemically deteriorate the filtration membrane, and that is excellent in durability and long life of the filtration membrane.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a water purifier according to Embodiment 1.
  • 1 is the water purifier of the first embodiment
  • 2 is the raw water tank of the water purifier 1 where raw water collected from rivers, lakes, seas, etc.
  • a discharge section for discharging the sediment precipitated in the raw water tank 2 and the concentrated raw water, 3 is a filtration of the water purification apparatus 1 provided with a filtration membrane such as an ultrafiltration membrane or a reverse osmosis membrane 4, 4 is a raw water supply line connecting the raw water tank 2 and the filtration unit 3, 4a and 4b are pipelines of the raw water supply line 4 from the raw water tank 2 to the filtration unit 3, and 5 is a raw water supply line 4 (pipe 4a).
  • a raw water supply valve that uses an electromagnetic valve or the like that opens and closes the raw water supply line 4, and 6 is a raw water supply that is provided in the raw water supply line 4 (pipe 4 b) to supply raw water from the raw water tank 2 to the filtration unit 3.
  • the pump 7 is disposed in the raw water supply line 4 (pipe 4b).
  • a pressure meter 8 that measures the supply pressure of water, 8 is a concentrated water circulation line of the water purification apparatus 1 that connects the upstream side of the raw water supply pump 6 of the raw water supply line 4 and the filtration unit 3 and circulates the concentrated water concentrated in the filtration unit 3.
  • Pipe line of the discharge line 9, 10 is a filtrate water tank of the water purification device 1 that stores filtrate water discharged from the filtrate water discharge line 9, and 11 is provided in the filtrate water discharge line 9 (between the pipe lines 9 a and 9 b).
  • An air chamber for preventing air from entering the filtration membrane when washing the filtration unit 3 by backflowing filtered water (during backwashing), 12 is disposed in the filtrate discharge line 9 (pipe 9b).
  • Reference numerals a and 13b are arranged in parallel with the filtrate drain line 9, and one or both of them are opened to adjust the filtrate discharge pressure.
  • Concentrated water discharge line 15 of the water purifier 1 for branching out from the concentrated water discharge line 14 for discharging the concentrated water to the raw water tank 2.
  • Reference numeral 16 denotes a check valve disposed downstream of the concentrated water discharge valve 15 of the concentrated water discharge line 14 to prevent the backflow of the concentrated water
  • reference numeral 17 denotes the concentrated water discharge valve 15 and the check of the concentrated water discharge line 14.
  • a raw water-side bubble generating section disposed downstream of the valve 16 and bubbling in the raw water tank 2, 18 is branched from the filtered water discharge valves 13 a and 13 b of the filtered water discharge line 9 from the upstream side (pipe 9 c), and concentrated water is circulated.
  • Concentrated water in line 8 The filtered filtrate supply line 18a, 18b, 18c of the water purifier 1 is connected to the concentrated water circulation line 8 downstream of the branch line with the discharge line 14 and supplies filtered water as washing water.
  • a pipe 19 of the washing filtrate supply line 18 that branches and reaches the concentrated water circulation line 8 is an electromagnetic valve 19 that is disposed in the washing filtrate supply line 18 (pipe 18a) and opens and closes the washing filtrate supply line 18.
  • the filtered water supply valve 20 and the like are disposed downstream of the filtered water supply valve 19 (pipe 18 c) of the washing filtrate supply line 18 and switch between discharging concentrated water and supplying washing filtrate.
  • a switching valve 21 using a solenoid valve or the like is branched from the washing filtrate supply line 18 (between the pipes 18b and 18c) between the filtrate supply valve 19 and the switch valve 20 and connected to the raw water tank 2.
  • Drainage line of the water purifier 1, 1a is a drainage adjusting unit using a pressure regulating valve such as a spring check valve that adjusts the pressure of drainage and is disposed in the drainage line 21, and 21b is disposed in a pipe line 18b of the filtered water supply line 18 for washing.
  • a check valve 22 for preventing the concentrated water discharged from the passage 18 c from flowing into the filtrate water tank 10 through the pipe 18 b is provided downstream of the filtrate water supply valve 19 of the washing filtrate water supply line 18.
  • the filtered water bubbling line 23 of the water purification apparatus 1 branched from the side (between the pipes 18a and 18b) and connected to the filtered water tank 10 is provided in the filtered water bubbling line 22 and passes through the filtered water tank 10.
  • the filtered water side bubble generating unit 24 to be bubbled, 24 is the filtered water circulation of the purified water device 1 that connects the filtered water discharge valve 13a, 13b upstream of the filtered water discharge line 9 (between the pipe lines 9b and 9c) and the filtered water tank 10.
  • a filtered water intake line 26a for supplying water, 26a is a filtered water intake switching valve disposed at a branch position between the conduit 9d of the filtered water discharge line 9 and the filtered water intake line 26, and 27 is a concentrated water discharge line 14.
  • the waste water line 27a is disposed at a branch position between the concentrated water discharge line 14 and the waste water line 27 to prevent the concentrated water from being drained out of the system and concentrated in the raw water tank 2 if necessary.
  • FIG. 1 A wastewater switching valve for switching between discharge of concentrated water to the raw water tank 2 and wastewater to the outside of the system.
  • the filtered water discharge line 9 is provided with two filtered water discharge valves 13a and 13b, and one or both are opened to adjust the pressure.
  • the opening degree (pressure) is arbitrary. In the case of using an arbitrary valve that can be set to 1, one is sufficient.
  • the concentrated water concentrated without being filtered by the filtration unit 3 returns to the raw water supply line 4 (pipe 4b) through the concentrated water circulation line 8 and is circulated. At this time, a part of the circulated concentrated water is discharged to the raw water tank 2 by opening the concentrated water discharge valve 15 of the concentrated water discharge line 14 and the switching valve 20 of the washing filtrate supply line 18 as necessary. To prevent excessive concentration of concentrated water.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an essential part of a raw water side bubble generating part of the water purifier according to the first embodiment.
  • 30 is a straight liquid inflow pipe of the raw water side bubble generating unit 17
  • 30 a is a liquid inflow hole drilled in the liquid inflow pipe 30, and 31 is connected to the downstream side of the liquid inflow pipe 30 and has an inner diameter.
  • the inner diameters of the liquid inflow pipe 30, the liquid outflow pipe 31, and the air introduction microhole 32 can be appropriately selected depending on the flow rate (flow velocity) of the concentrated water passing through the inside and the number of the air introduction microholes 32.
  • the concentrated water passing through the liquid outflow hole 31a and the liquid outflow pipe 31 There is a tendency that the gap formed between the inner wall surface is small (the air layer is thin), the amount of air sucked from the air introduction microhole 32 is reduced, and bubbles are less likely to be generated.
  • the inner diameter becomes larger than 5 times the speed of the concentrated water passing through the liquid outflow hole 31a decreases, it becomes difficult to generate negative pressure, the amount of air sucked in decreases, and the liquid outflow hole 31a passes through.
  • the gap formed between the concentrated water and the inner wall surface of the liquid outflow pipe 31 is large (the air layer is thick), and the concentrated water passing through the liquid outflow hole 31a and the air sucked from the air introduction microhole 32 are mixed. Become difficult to stir This is because the bubble generation amount is found to have a tendency to become liable to lower.
  • the inner diameter of the air introduction microholes 32 becomes smaller than 0.05 times the inner diameter of the liquid outflow pipe 31, workability deteriorates and clogging occurs.
  • the number of air introduction microholes 32 is preferably 2 to 8, although it varies depending on the inner diameter of the liquid outflow pipe 31.
  • the number of air introduction micropores 32 is less than two, the amount of air sucked from the air introduction micropores 32 is reduced, and it becomes difficult for the concentrated water and air to be mixed and stirred, and the amount of generated bubbles is likely to decrease.
  • the number of air introduction micro-holes 32 is more than 8, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the liquid outflow pipe 31 becomes small, and the concentrated water and air passing through the liquid outflow hole 31a are mixed and stirred. This is because it has been found that there is a tendency that the bubble generation amount tends to decrease and the durability of the liquid outflow pipe 31 tends to decrease.
  • the cross-sectional shapes of the liquid inflow pipe 30 and the liquid outflow pipe 31 are uniformly formed in the longitudinal direction, but the present invention is not limited to this, and various combinations can be selected as necessary. can do.
  • the cross-sectional area is gradually reduced from the upstream end side to the downstream end side of the liquid outflow pipe 31, or the cross-sectional area is gradually increased from the upstream end side of the liquid inflow pipe 30 toward the downstream end side of the liquid outflow pipe 31. May be enlarged.
  • the cross-sectional area of the liquid outflow pipe 31 is gradually enlarged from the upstream end side toward the downstream end side, turbulent flow is generated inside the liquid outflow pipe 31 and the suction force of the air introduction microhole 32 is increased.
  • the bubbling (aeration) performance can be improved.
  • the filtrate water stored in the filtrate water tank 10 can be removed from the filtrate water discharge line 9 by driving the filtrate circulation pump 25 during filtration. It can be made to circulate between 9d and the filtrate water tank 10, and it can prevent that the mineral content etc. in filtrate water adhere to the pipe inner wall of the filtrate water discharge line 9.
  • the raw water supply valve 5 of the raw water supply line 4 the filtrate water discharge valves 13 a and 13 b of the filtrate discharge line 9 and the concentrated water discharge valve 15 of the concentrated water discharge line 14 are closed while the raw water supply pump 6 and the filtrate circulating pump 25 are driven.
  • the filtrate water stored in the filtrate water tank 10 is opened from the filtrate water circulation line 24 to the pipeline 9c of the filtrate discharge line 9 by opening the filtrate water supply valve 19 and the switching valve 20 of the filtrate water supply line 18 for washing.
  • the bubbled filtered water can be used as the washing water, the substance adhering to the filtration membrane can be peeled off by an oxidizing action, and the washing efficiency by chemical reaction can be improved.
  • the concentrated water discharge valve 15 of the concentrated water discharge line 14 as necessary, a part of the filtered water used for washing can be discharged to the raw water tank 2, and the circulating filtered water can be removed. Washing can be performed efficiently while replacing with new filtered water.
  • the filtrate water side bubble generation part 23 has the same structure as the raw
  • the raw water supply pump 6 and the filtrate circulating pump 25 are continuously driven throughout the filtration and washing, the raw water supply pump is compared with the case where the raw water supply pump 6 and the filtrate circulating pump 25 are intermittently operated. 6 and when the filtrate circulating pump 25 is stopped or re-driven, the load generated can be reduced, and the operation stability and the durability of the apparatus are excellent.
  • the air chamber 11 may be provided as necessary, and may be omitted.
  • the water purifier according to Embodiment 1 has the following action. (1) A raw water tank 2 in which raw water is stored, a raw water supply line 4 having a raw water supply pump 6 and a raw water supply valve 5 that connect the raw water tank 2 and the filtration unit 3 and supply the raw water from the raw water tank 2 to the filtration unit 3. Then, the upstream side of the raw water supply line 6 of the raw water supply line 6 is connected to the filtration unit 3, and the concentrated water in which the solid particles are concentrated in the filtration unit 3 is circulated from the filtration unit 3 to the pipe 4 b of the raw water supply line 4.
  • the water circulation line 8 Since the water circulation line 8 is provided, it is possible to perform filtration while continuously operating the raw water supply pump 6 to circulate the concentrated water, and it is possible to reduce the load caused by stopping or restarting the raw water supply pump 6. Excellent operational stability.
  • the concentrated water discharge line 14 having the concentrated water discharge valve 15 that branches from the concentrated water circulation line 8 and discharges the concentrated water to the raw water tank 2 is provided, the concentrated water that circulates through the concentrated water circulation line 8 as necessary. A part is discharged to the raw water tank 2 to prevent the concentrated water from being excessively concentrated, clogging of the filtration membrane can be reduced, and the filtration efficiency is excellent.
  • the washing filtrate supply line 18 having the filtrate supply valve 19 for supplying water as washing water
  • the raw water side of the filtration membrane can be washed with filtered water, so that no chemical solution is required or the chemical solution
  • the amount used can be greatly reduced, it is excellent in environmental protection, the filtration membrane is not chemically deteriorated, and the filtration membrane is excellent in durability and long life.
  • the switching valve 20 disposed on the downstream side of the filtrate water supply valve 19 of the washing filtrate supply line 18, and the washing filtrate supply line 18 branches between the filtrate water supply valve 19 and the switching valve 20.
  • the filtration filtrate supply line 19 of the washing filtrate supply line 18 is closed during filtration, and the switching valve 20 is opened to open the filtration filtrate supply line 18 for washing.
  • Concentrated water can be discharged from the drainage line 21 to the raw water tank 2 using a part (the pipe line 18c), so that the piping can be simplified and the apparatus can be miniaturized. Excellent.
  • a part (pipe line 18 c) of the washing filtrate supply line 18 and the drainage line 21 are arranged in parallel with the concentrated water discharge line 14, they are arranged in the pipe line 18 c of the washing filtrate supply line 18.
  • the filtrate water discharge line 13 is connected upstream of the filtrate water discharge valves 13a and 13b (the pipe line 9c) and the filtrate water tank 10 and has a filtrate water circulation pump 25 for circulating the filtrate water.
  • Filtrated water bubbling having a filtered water side bubble generating unit 23 that branches from the filtered water supply valve 19 of the washing filtered water supply line 18 from the downstream side and is connected to the filtered water tank 10 to bubble inside the filtered water tank 10.
  • the filtered water bubbled in the filtered water tank 10 can be used as washing water, so that substances such as colloids and hardly soluble salts adhering to the filtration membrane are peeled off by an oxidizing action. It is possible to improve the cleaning efficiency by chemical reaction, suppress the deterioration of the filtration membrane, and have excellent long life.
  • the raw water side bubble generating part 17 and the filtered water side bubble generating part 23 are connected to the liquid inflow part 30 having the liquid inflow hole 30a and the downstream side of the liquid inflow part 30 and have a larger diameter than the liquid inflow hole 30a. Since the liquid outflow part 31 having the liquid outflow hole 31a and the plurality of air introduction micro holes 32 which are formed in the peripheral wall on the upper end side of the liquid outflow part 31 and communicate with the liquid outflow hole 31a are provided, the liquid inflow of the liquid inflow part 30 Concentrated water or filtered water flowing in from the hole 30a passes through the liquid outflow hole 31a of the liquid outflow part 31, so that the pressure inside the liquid outflow part 31 becomes lower than the outside, and the external air becomes the air introduction microhole 32.
  • Bubbling can be performed by using the drainage energy of the concentrated water and filtered water passing through the concentrated water discharge line 14 and the filtered water bubbling line 22, and no power is required separately.
  • the structure can be simplified and the apparatus can be miniaturized, and the space is saved.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the water purifier according to the second embodiment.
  • symbol is attached
  • the water purifier 1a of the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the filtration unit 3A has two filtration membranes 3a and 3b having different performances arranged in parallel, and the filtration membranes 3a and 3b.
  • the raw water side connecting pipe 3c that connects the raw water sides of each other, the merging pipes 28a, 28b that connect the filtration side of each filtration membrane 3a, 3b and the conduit 9a of the filtered water discharge line 9, and each merging pipe 28a, It is the point provided with the electrical conductivity meter 35 arrange
  • the two filtration membranes 3a and 3b having different performances are arranged in parallel in the filtration unit 3A. While measuring and confirming the conductivity (purity) of the filtrate with the conductivity meter 35, the degree of opening of each of the filtrate adjustment valves 29a and 29b is adjusted to obtain filtrate with a desired conductivity (purity). be able to.
  • the filtration membranes 3a and 3b an ultrafiltration membrane, a reverse osmosis membrane, a nano membrane and the like can be used in combination.
  • RO water obtained by filtration through the reverse osmosis membrane can be used as the filtration water for washing, and the filtration membranes 3a and 3b Deposits such as bacteria attached to the raw water side can be reliably and efficiently peeled off, resulting in excellent cleaning efficiency.
  • the pressure is increased on the raw water side of the filtration membrane (for example, reverse osmosis membrane) having the higher performance among the filtration membranes 3a and 3b.
  • the pressure can be released to the raw water side of the lower performance filtration membrane (for example, ultrafiltration membrane) to prevent the filtration membrane from being damaged, and the filtration membrane is excellent in protection.
  • the filtered water amount adjusting valves 29a and 29b may be opened and closed with a time difference by a delay timer or the like to adjust the filtered water amount in each of the filtration membranes 3a and 3b.
  • the filtration unit 3A includes two or more filtration membranes 3a and 3b having different performances arranged in parallel, and filtration water amount adjusting valves 29a and 29b arranged on the filtration side of the respective filtration membranes 3a and 3b.
  • the conductivity meter 35 is disposed in the conduit 9d of the filtrate discharge line 9, so that the conductivity (purity) of the filtrate discharged from the filtration unit 3A is measured with the conductivity meter.
  • each filtered water volume adjustment valve 29a, 29b can be adjusted, and the conductivity (purity) of filtered water can be kept optimal according to the purpose, application, etc., preventing excessive or insufficient filtration. It is excellent in filtration efficiency and energy saving.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of the water purifier according to the third embodiment.
  • symbol is attached
  • the water purifier 1b of the third embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that the filtration unit 3B is opened and closed disposed on the raw water side connecting pipe 3c that connects the raw water sides of the filtration membranes 3a and 3b.
  • the point provided with the valve 3d and the point provided with the separation tank 4c connected to the tip of the pipe line 4a of the raw water supply line 4 and sunk in the raw water tank 2. Since the operation
  • the filtration membrane 3a is a high performance filtration membrane such as a reverse osmosis membrane
  • the filtration membrane 3b is a medium performance filtration membrane such as an ultrafiltration membrane having a lower performance than the filtration membrane 3a.
  • the on-off valve 3d, the raw water supply valve 5, the filtrate discharge valves 13a and 13b and the filtrate supply valve 19 of the filtrate discharge line 9 are By closing, the filtrate filtered through the high-performance filtration membrane 3a out of the two filtration membranes 3a and 3b is sent to the filtration side of the low-performance filtration membrane 3b by the pressure of the filtrate circulating pump 25, Washing (back washing) can be performed.
  • the filtrate water supply valve 19 is opened, filtration with low performance is performed with a large amount of mixed water obtained by mixing the filtrate filtered through the high-performance filtration membrane 3a and the filtrate stored in the filtrate tank 10.
  • the membrane 3b can be washed (backwashed) from the filtration side.
  • the filtrate shut-off valve is closed, the filtrate filtered through the filtration membrane 3a is sent directly to the filtration side of the filtration membrane 3b through the merge pipes 28a and 28b (filtrate adjustment valves 29a and 29b). Washing (back washing) can be performed, and cleaning reliability and reliability are excellent.
  • the cleaning method for the filtration membranes 3a and 3b can be appropriately selected by opening and closing the on-off valve 3d, and the versatility is excellent.
  • natural water side of the filtration membranes 3a and 3b) in the water purifier 1b of Embodiment 3 is the same as that of Embodiment 1, filtered water is the filtration part 3B.
  • the raw water side is supplied, by opening the on-off valve 3d disposed in the raw water side connecting pipe 3c, the raw water side of the two filtration membranes 3a and 3b is circulated and washed with filtered water by the raw water supply pump 6. be able to.
  • the separation tank 4c is formed in a cylindrical shape with a bottom, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the peripheral wall surface.
  • SS floating matter
  • the separation tank 4c is formed in a cylindrical shape with a bottom, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the peripheral wall surface.
  • Embodiment 3 in addition to the action obtained in Embodiment 1 or 2, it has the following action.
  • the raw water side connection pipe 3c that connects the raw water sides of the two filtration membranes 3a and 3b having different performances arranged in parallel with the filtration unit 3B, and the on-off valve provided in the raw water side connection pipe 3c 3d, the open / close valve 3d, the raw water supply valve 5, and the filtered water discharge line 9 are filtered while the concentrated water discharge valve 15, the switching valve 20 and the filtered water amount adjusting valves 29a and 29b of the concentrated water discharge line 14 are opened.
  • the filtrate filtered through the high-performance filtration membrane 3a out of the two filtration membranes 3a and 3b is filtered by the pressure of the filtrate circulation pump 25. Further, it can be sent to the filtration side of the low-performance filtration membrane 3b through the merging pipes 28a and 28b, and washing can be performed, and the washing efficiency and the long life of the filtration membrane are excellent.
  • the switching valve 20 and the filtrate amount control valves 29a and 29b are opened and the filtrate drain valves 13a and 13b and the on-off valve 3d are closed to wash the low performance filtration membrane 3b, filtration is performed.
  • the filtered water stored in the filtered water tank 10 is supplied from the filtered water circulation pump 25 to the filtered water filtered by the high-performance filtration membrane 3a, and a large amount of mixing is performed.
  • the filter membrane 3b having low performance can be washed from the filtration side with water, and the workability and certainty of filtration membrane cleaning are excellent.
  • the raw water supply pump 6 allows two filters to be opened by opening the on-off valve 3d disposed in the raw water side connecting pipe 3c that connects the raw water sides of the two filtration membranes 3a and 3b.
  • Film 3a can the raw water side of the 3b circulating washed with filtered water, filtration membranes 3a, 3b durability, excellent in long life.
  • the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples.
  • the present invention is not limited to these examples.
  • the water permeability recovery of the filtration membrane by washing was evaluated.
  • filtration and washing were repeated for 140 hours for 14 days for the water purifier 1, and the raw water-side circulation pressure and the filtration-side filtration pressure of the filtration unit 3 were measured during that time.
  • An ultrafiltration membrane (Dializer KF-15 manufactured by Kawasumi Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used as the filtration membrane.
  • the raw water supply line uses a silicon tube with an inner diameter of 3 mm, the raw water side line length is 4 m, the quantitative filtration pressure is 2.5 kPa, the membrane pressure loss is 20 Pa, and the viscosity of the raw water (test water) is 0.002 Pa ⁇ s.
  • Quantitative filtration was performed using a flow rate of about 10 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 m 3 / s obtained from Poiseuille's law as the flow rate of the raw water supply pump.
  • the flow rate of the filtrate circulating pump was about 7 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 m 3 / s.
  • the raw water (test water) used for the evaluation was adjusted so that the humic acid concentration was about 10 times that of the natural world by adding humic acid to the soil water along the coast of the Onga River. It is added.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing changes in TMP (transmembrane pressure difference) when filtration and washing are repeated.
  • the horizontal axis is the number of days elapsed from the start of use
  • the vertical axis is the pressure
  • what is plotted with a black circle is the raw water-side circulation pressure
  • what is plotted with the white square is the filtration-side filtration pressure.
  • FIG. 4 only the pressure fluctuation measured during filtration or washing is plotted, and while the apparatus is at rest (one day of filtration or washing is finished, then washing or filtration is started). Is not included.
  • the period during which the raw water side circulation pressure is high and the filtration side filtration pressure is low is the state during filtration, and the period during which the raw water side circulation pressure is low and the filtration side filtration pressure is high represents the state during washing. Yes. From FIG. 5, even if the water purifier 1 is driven for 14 days for 140 hours, there is almost no change in TMP (transmembrane pressure difference), and the water permeability (filtration efficiency) of the filtration membrane is maintained almost constant by washing. I understand that. As a result, the water purifier of the present invention having a cleaning function with the bubbling filtered water can realize sufficient water permeability recovery by circulating cleaning, and the filter membrane has a long life, durability, and environmental protection. It can be said that it is excellent.
  • the present invention has a simple structure and suppresses bacterial growth by removing impurities and bacteria adhering to the filter membrane reliably and efficiently without using chemicals or by greatly reducing the amount of chemicals used.
  • Excellent filtration membrane cleaning efficiency and environmental protection can greatly improve the durability, long life, and maintainability of the filtration membrane, prevent deterioration of filtration performance over time, and stable operation
  • the purity of filtered water can be easily adjusted by controlling the electrolyte components contained in the filtered water, and the filtered water can be washed in drinking water, food, dishes, etc.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de purification d'eau ayant une excellente polyvalence, qui peut éliminer de façon fiable et efficace les impuretés, les bactéries, ou similaires adhérant à une membrane de filtration afin d'éliminer toute croissance bactérienne avec une configuration simple sans utilisation de solution chimique, qui a une efficacité de lavage et des performances écologiques de la membrane de filtration excellentes, qui améliore la durabilité, la performance à long terme, et l'entretien de la membrane de filtration de façon significative, qui empêche la dégradation dans le temps de la performance de filtration, qui présente une stabilité de fonctionnement, une efficacité de filtration, et des performances d'économies d'énergie excellentes, qui peut contrôler un composant électrolyte ou similaire dans le filtrat pour ajuster facilement la pureté du filtrat, et qui peut utiliser le filtrat dans une large gamme d'applications telles que l'eau potable, ou l'eau de lavage des aliments, de la vaisselle, ou similaires. L'invention concerne spécifiquement un dispositif de purification d'eau qui est doté : d'un réservoir d'eau brute ; d'une conduite d'alimentation en eau brute qui alimente une section de filtration en eau brute ; une conduite de circulation d'eau concentrée qui permet la circulation d'eau concentrée ; une conduite d'évacuation du filtrat qui évacue le filtrat ; un réservoir à filtrat qui stocke le filtrat ; une conduite d'évacuation de l'eau concentrée qui évacue l'eau concentrée vers le réservoir d'eau brute ; une section de production de bulles du côté de l'eau brute qui fait des bulles à l'intérieur du réservoir d'eau brute ; et une conduite d'alimentation en filtrat de lavage qui fournit le filtrat comme eau de lavage.
PCT/JP2011/052929 2010-02-13 2011-02-10 Dispositif de purification d'eau WO2011099578A1 (fr)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014061695A1 (fr) * 2012-10-18 2014-04-24 東レ株式会社 Procédé de génération d'eau douce
CN104965419A (zh) * 2015-06-01 2015-10-07 小米科技有限责任公司 浓缩水排放方法及装置
WO2016119708A1 (fr) * 2015-01-30 2016-08-04 艾欧史密斯(中国)热水器有限公司 Ensemble de réservoir d'eau pour épurateur d'eau et épurateur d'eau

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63111905A (ja) * 1986-10-28 1988-05-17 Kurita Water Ind Ltd 膜分離装置
JPH1199389A (ja) * 1997-09-29 1999-04-13 Kurita Water Ind Ltd 有機成分とマンガンを含む水の処理方法
JPH11192482A (ja) * 1997-10-16 1999-07-21 Nikkiso Co Ltd 多価金属含有水浄化装置
JP2005510338A (ja) * 2001-04-18 2005-04-21 バディ ドン グレイ， 接線濾過濃縮物を再循環させるためのシステム
JP2007175624A (ja) * 2005-12-28 2007-07-12 Miura Co Ltd 膜濾過システムの運転方法

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63111905A (ja) * 1986-10-28 1988-05-17 Kurita Water Ind Ltd 膜分離装置
JPH1199389A (ja) * 1997-09-29 1999-04-13 Kurita Water Ind Ltd 有機成分とマンガンを含む水の処理方法
JPH11192482A (ja) * 1997-10-16 1999-07-21 Nikkiso Co Ltd 多価金属含有水浄化装置
JP2005510338A (ja) * 2001-04-18 2005-04-21 バディ ドン グレイ， 接線濾過濃縮物を再循環させるためのシステム
JP2007175624A (ja) * 2005-12-28 2007-07-12 Miura Co Ltd 膜濾過システムの運転方法

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014061695A1 (fr) * 2012-10-18 2014-04-24 東レ株式会社 Procédé de génération d'eau douce
JPWO2014061695A1 (ja) * 2012-10-18 2016-09-05 東レ株式会社 造水方法
WO2016119708A1 (fr) * 2015-01-30 2016-08-04 艾欧史密斯(中国)热水器有限公司 Ensemble de réservoir d'eau pour épurateur d'eau et épurateur d'eau
CN104965419A (zh) * 2015-06-01 2015-10-07 小米科技有限责任公司 浓缩水排放方法及装置
CN104965419B (zh) * 2015-06-01 2018-06-08 小米科技有限责任公司 浓缩水排放方法及装置

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