WO2011095132A1

WO2011095132A1 - Charger

Info

Publication number: WO2011095132A1
Application number: PCT/CN2011/070864
Authority: WO
Inventors: 鲍瑞那图•强尼; 田角峰; 刘芳世
Original assignee: 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司
Priority date: 2010-02-05
Filing date: 2011-01-31
Publication date: 2011-08-11

Abstract

A charger (100) includes: a charging circuit for charging a battery (20) by an external power supply (10); a controller (60) for controlling the operation of the charger (100); a manual switch (31), which is capable of being closed or opened so as to control the charging circuit to be powered on or to be powered off; and an electrical switch (32) connected to the manual switch (31) in parallel. The controller (60) controls the electrical switch (32) to be closed or opened. When the manual switch (31) is closed, the external power supply (10) supplies power to the controller (60) so that the electrical switch (32) is controlled to be closed by the controller (60). By this invention, the battery can be charged in the case of the battery being fully discharged, the requirement of user can be satisfied and the waste of the battery can be avoided.

Description

Charger technology field

The present invention relates to a charger, and more particularly to a charger capable of charging a battery when the battery is completely discharged.

Background technique

With the development of technology, there are more and more types of batteries, and rechargeable batteries, such as nickel-cadmium batteries, lead-acid batteries, and lithium batteries, have been developed to meet the needs of different users. However, the life of rechargeable batteries is limited. Because they often need to be charged by a charger, the quality of the charger has a huge impact on the life of the rechargeable battery.

Most of the existing chargers are powered by the battery to the controller of the charger when the battery is connected to the charger, so that the charger performs various judgments. When there is a mains input, the utility power is supplied to the controller. . Since the existing charger uses an electronic switch to control its on/off operation with the mains, the battery must have a certain amount of electric energy to enable the electronic switch to be closed, and the controller to perform various complicated operations. If the battery is fully discharged or has insufficient power when it is connected to the charger, it may not provide enough power to close the electronic switch. In this case, the charger will not be able to charge the battery, which may still be used. The battery has to be discarded, which is a waste of resources.

Summary of the invention

The present invention provides a charger that can still charge a battery when the battery power is too low.

To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is: A charger comprising: a charging circuit for charging a battery with an external power source; a controller for controlling operation of the charger; capable of being closed or opened by operation, and further a manual switch for controlling whether the charging circuit is energized or not; an electronic switch connected in parallel with the manual switch; the controller being capable of controlling the electronic switch to be closed or opened, and when the manual switch is closed, the external power source can Powering the controller, the controller is capable of controlling the electronic switch to close.

Preferably, the charger has an external power supply circuit connected to the controller, and when the manual switch or the electronic switch is closed, the external power supply circuit can utilize the power of the external power supply to the controller powered by.

Preferably, the external power supply circuit is provided with a DC/DC conversion circuit.

Preferably, the external power source is an AC power source, and the charger has an AC/DC conversion circuit that converts the AC power of the external power source into DC power and flows into the power of the external power supply circuit. The flow is the direct current.

Preferably, the manual switch is a non-self-locking mechanical switch.

Preferably, the electronic switch is a relay.

Preferably, the relay has a coil and a triode, and the controller controls whether the coil is energized by controlling the conduction or blocking of the transistor.

Preferably, the source of electrical energy flowing through the coil is the external power source.

Preferably, when the manual switch is pressed, the charger immediately charges the battery.

Compared with the prior art, the charger of the present invention is provided with a manual switch and an electronic switch, the manual switch is connected in parallel with the electronic switch, and when the manual switch is closed, the external power source can be directed to the controller Powering, the controller is capable of controlling the electronic switch to close. Through this scheme, when the battery is completely discharged or the battery is extremely low, the battery is charged by the external power source, thereby satisfying the needs of the user and avoiding unnecessary waste of the battery.

The invention provides a charger and a charging method thereof, which can save battery power when the battery is connected to the charger and there is no mains input.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is: a charger, comprising: a charging circuit for charging a battery by using an external power source; an external power detecting module for detecting an input of the external power source, and outputting a detection signal; And a controller for controlling operation of the charging circuit, configured to receive the detection signal, and determine, according to the detection signal, whether the external power supply input is present; the first power supply circuit and the second power supply circuit that supply power to the controller The power supply current of the second power supply circuit is smaller than the power supply current of the first power supply circuit, and both the first power supply circuit and the second power supply circuit can obtain power from the battery to supply power to the controller. When the controller determines that there is no external power input, it controls the first power supply circuit not to be powered.

Preferably, the charger further includes a third power supply circuit, and when the charger has the external power input, the third power supply circuit obtains the power of the external power supply to supply power to the controller.

Preferably, when the charger starts charging the battery, the first power supply loop is not energized, and the second power supply loop acquires power of the external power source to supply power to the controller.

Preferably, the first power supply circuit has a voltage stabilizing module capable of converting the voltage of the first power supply circuit and supplying the voltage to the controller.

Preferably, the second power supply circuit has a resistor and a voltage regulator in series.

Preferably, the second power supply circuit has a capacitor connected in parallel with the voltage regulator for supplying power to the controller when the power demand in the controller is increased. Preferably, the charger further includes a fourth power supply circuit having a button battery, and the fourth power supply circuit supplies power of the button battery to the controller.

The invention also provides a charging method for a charger for charging a battery by using an external power source, the charger having a controller, an external power detecting module and an electronic switch, and a first power supply circuit and a power supply for the controller a power supply circuit, wherein a supply current of the second power supply circuit is smaller than a power supply current of the first power supply circuit, the charging method includes: when a battery is loaded into the charger, the first power supply circuit and the second The power supply circuit acquires power of the battery to supply power to the controller; the controller determines whether the battery needs to be charged; when the battery needs to be charged, the controller controls the electronic switch to be closed, and the external switch is The power detecting module detects an input of the external power source; when the external power detecting module does not find the input of the external power source, the controller controls the electronic switch to be turned off, and controls the first power supply circuit not to be powered Powering the controller only by the second power supply circuit; the controller is turned on once every interval of time The first power supply circuit, and controlling the electronic switch to be closed, and detecting, by the external power supply detecting module, whether there is an input of the external power source; when the external power source detecting module detects the input of the external power source, The charger begins charging the battery.

Preferably, the charger further includes a charging voltage detecting module, which feeds back detection data to the controller, the controller obtains a voltage value of the battery according to the detection data, and the controller determines whether the battery needs The charging step further includes: the controller controls the first power supply circuit to be powered; the battery voltage detecting module detects a battery voltage, and feeds back to the controller to detect data;

The controller obtains a battery voltage according to the detection data, and compares the battery voltage with a preset voltage value; when the battery voltage is greater than or equal to the preset voltage value, the controller controls the The first power supply circuit is not energized, and only the second power supply circuit supplies power to the controller.

The controller controls the charger to charge the battery when the battery voltage is less than the predetermined voltage value.

Preferably, in the step of detecting whether there is the external power input at intervals, the following sub-steps are further included: the controller turns on the first power supply circuit every time interval; the controller controls The electronic switch is closed; the external power detecting module detects whether there is the external power input; when the external power detecting module does not detect the input of the external power, the controller controls the electronic switch to be disconnected The controller controls the first power supply circuit to be unenergized, and only the second power supply circuit supplies power to the controller.

Compared with the prior art, the charger of the present invention and the charging method thereof are provided with a first power supply circuit and a a power supply circuit, when the battery is loaded into the charger, the two power supply circuits are capable of obtaining power from the battery to supply power to the controller, and if the external power source is not input to the charger at this time, The controller controls the first power supply circuit to be unenergized, and only the second power supply circuit supplies power to the controller. Since the resistance of the second power supply circuit is large, the power supply current is small, so that the power consumption of the battery is very small, thereby avoiding further over-discharging of the battery, and effectively preventing the charger from causing damage to the battery.

DRAWINGS

The invention will now be further described with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

1 is a schematic view showing an operation state of a charger provided by a first embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a block diagram of the charging circuit of the charger of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of the charging circuit of the charger of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a working flow chart of the charger of Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a flow chart of the charging method of the charger of Figure 1;

6 is a sub-flowchart of the charging method of FIG. 5 for determining whether the battery needs to be charged;

7 is a sub-flowchart of the charging method of FIG. 5 detecting whether there is an external power input;

Fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of a charging circuit of a charger provided by a second embodiment of the present invention.

among them,

100. Charger 64. Indication module 210. External power supply

10. External power supply 65. Charging current detection module 220. Battery

20. Battery 70. Controller Power Supply Module 230. Switch Assembly

30. Switch assembly 71. First power supply circuit 240. External power supply detection module

31. Manual switch 72. Second power supply circuit 250. Conversion module

32. Electronic switch 73. Third power supply circuit 260. Controller

40. External power supply detection module 74. Controlled Shao 270. Controller power supply module

41. Light emitting unit 75. Voltage stabilizing module 271. First power supply circuit

42. Receiving unit 76. Connection point 272. Second power supply circuit

50. Conversion module 77. Connection point 278. Current input line

60. Controller 78. Current input line Rl, R2. Resistance

61. Battery voltage detection module 79. Connection point R3, R4. Resistance

62. Charging voltage detection module 80. Main power supply line R5, R6. Resistor

63. Clock circuit 200. Charger R7, R8. Resistance R9, RI O. Resistor Q2, Q3. MOS tube D8. LED

Rl l, R12. Resistance D l, D2. Diode KM.

R13, R14. Resistor D3, D4. Diode Cl, C2. Capacitor

R15, R16. Resistor D5, D9. Diode C3, C4. Capacitor

Ql - Transistor D6, D7. Light-emitting diode Zl.

detailed description

Referring to FIG. 1 , a working state diagram of a charger 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention is shown. The charger 100 can charge the battery 20 using the external power source 10.

The external power source 10 can be an AC power source or a DC power source. The power source can be the power generated by the utility or other commercial or residential generators. In the present embodiment, the external power source 10 is an AC power source, and the power source is the utility power.

The battery 20 is a rechargeable battery such as a nickel pot battery, a lithium battery, a lead acid battery, a nickel hydrogen battery, or the like. In the present embodiment, it is a lead acid battery.

It will be understood that the battery 20 is not limited to a single battery in the ordinary sense, and includes a battery pack having a plurality of batteries.

Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a schematic block diagram of the charging circuit of the charger 100. The charging circuit of the charger 100 has a main power supply line 80 connected to the external power source 10 and the battery 20. The main power supply line 80 has a switch assembly 30, an external power supply detection module 40, a conversion module 50, a controller 60, and a controller power supply module. 70. The switch unit 30 controls the on/off connection of the charger 100 to the external power source 10. The external power source detecting module 40 is connected to the switch unit 30 to detect whether there is an external power source 10 input, and can transmit detection information to the controller 60. The conversion module 50 is capable of converting the voltage input from the external power source 10 into a voltage suitable for the operation of the charger 100. The controller 60 controls the charger 100 to charge the battery 20 and has a sleep state and an operating state. The controller power supply module 70 obtains the power of the external power source 10 or the battery 20 to supply power to the controller 60, and meets the power demand of the sleep state and the working state.

Please refer to FIG. 3 together, which is a circuit diagram of the charging circuit of the charger 100. The switch assembly 30 is disposed adjacent to the main power supply line 80 to the external power source 10, and includes a manual switch 31 and an electronic switch 32 connected in parallel.

The manual switch 31 is a non-self-locking mechanical switch. When the manual switch 31 is pressed, the connected circuit is turned on, and when the applied external force is canceled, the manual switch 31 is automatically turned off.

The electronic switch 32 can be a relay, a triode, a thyristor, a solid state relay, or other electronic component that can control the on/off function. In the present embodiment, it is a relay. The main package of the relay Including a wire 圏 KM, a transistor Ql, a resistor Rl l, R12. The transistor Q1 is an NPN type transistor for use as a switching element for energizing the wire KM, and its base is connected to the controller 60 via a resistor R11. Resistor R12 is connected in parallel with the base and emitter of transistor Q1. The wire KM is electrically connected to the collector of the transistor Q1 and electrically connected to the controller power supply module 70.

When the controller 60 controls the electronic switch 32 to close, it will provide a high level to the base of the transistor Q1, thereby turning on the transistor Q1, and energizing the wire KM to generate a magnetic force, thereby causing the relay to pull in and realize the connection thereof. The circuit is turned on. When the controller 60 cancels the high level, the transistor Q1 will block the circuit, and when the line KM stops powering, the relay will disconnect its connected circuit.

The external power detecting module 40 is configured to detect whether there is power input of the external power source 10, which is connected to the switch assembly 30 and the controller 60, and is capable of transmitting a detection signal to the controller 60. The external power detecting module 40 can be a sampling circuit, an optocoupler power detecting circuit or a detecting circuit composed of a plurality of resistors. In the embodiment, it is an optocoupler power detecting circuit. The external power detecting module 40 includes a light emitting portion 41 and a receiving portion 42. The light emitting portion 41 includes a light emitting diode D8 and a diode D9 connected in parallel and opposite each other, and is connected to the switch assembly 30 through a resistor R13. When the switch assembly 30 is turned on and externally connected When the power source 10 inputs electric energy, the light emitting portion 41 emits light. The receiving portion 42 is a phototransistor that receives the light and conducts a detection signal to the controller 60.

The conversion module 50 is disposed in the main power supply line 80, and converts the voltage input from the external power supply 10 through the main power supply line 80 to be suitable for charging the battery 20. The conversion module 50 can be an AC/DC conversion circuit, a DC/DC conversion circuit, or both an AC/DC conversion circuit and a DC/DC conversion circuit. In this embodiment, it is an AC/DC. The conversion circuit converts the alternating current input from the external power source 10 into direct current.

It can be understood that the conversion module 50 can also be provided with a function of constant current charging and constant voltage charging of the battery 20. Since it is limited in space and is well known in the art, it will not be described in detail herein.

The controller power supply module 70 includes a first power supply circuit 71, a second power supply circuit 72, and a third power supply circuit 73. When the external power supply 10 is not input, the first power supply circuit 71 can obtain the power of the battery 20 to supply power to the controller 60 under the control of the controller 60, and the second power supply circuit 72 directly obtains the power of the battery 20 to supply power to the controller 60. The three power supply circuit 73 cannot supply power to the controller 60. When the external power supply 10 is input, the power source of the controller 60 is only the external power supply 10.

The first power supply circuit 71 and the second power supply circuit 72 have the same current input line 78, and the current input line 78 is electrically connected to the main power supply line 80 to form a connection point 79, and the connection point 79 is located near the main power supply line 80. The position of the battery 20 is set between the connection point 79 and the conversion module 50. There is a diode D1 that prevents current from the battery 20 from flowing into the conversion module 50.

The first power supply circuit 71 mainly includes a controlled module 74 and a voltage stabilizing module 75. The controlled module 74 is adapted to accept the control of the controller 60 such that the first power supply circuit 71 has two states, i.e., an energized state and a non-energized state, thereby enabling control of whether the first power supply circuit 71 supplies power to the controller 60.

The controlled module 74 includes a resistor R4, a MOS transistor Q3, a capacitor Cl, a resistor R2, a resistor R1, and a MOS transistor Q2. The MOS transistor Q3 is connected in parallel with the capacitor CI and connected to the gate of the MOS transistor Q2. The gate of the MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the controller 60 via a resistor R4, and the resistor R1 is connected in parallel with the source and the gate of the MOS transistor. When the battery 20 is connected to the charger 100, since the capacitor C1 is charged as a short circuit, the current can flow through the resistor R1 to provide an opening voltage for the MOS transistor Q2 to turn on the MOS transistor Q2, so that the first power supply circuit 71 is turned on. When the power is on, the current enters the controller 60 through the voltage stabilizing module 75. At this time, the controller 60 supplies a voltage to the gate of the MOS transistor Q3 to turn on, thereby maintaining the energization state of the first power supply circuit 71. When the first power supply circuit 71 is required to enter the non-energized state, the controller 60 stops supplying voltage to the MOS transistor Q3, and the controlled module 74 no longer forms a path. If the gate of the MOS transistor Q2 no longer has a voltage input, the current cannot be The first power supply circuit 71 is in a non-energized state by the MOS transistor Q3.

It can be understood that the MOS tubes Q2 and Q3 can also be replaced with other electronic components having circuit on/off control, such as triodes, relays, etc., which are limited herein, and are not enumerated in detail, but as long as the functions and effects thereof are the same as the present invention. Or similar, should be covered by the scope of the present invention.

The voltage stabilizing module 75 is a DC/DC converting circuit that converts the voltage of the first power supply circuit 71 into a DC voltage suitable for the controller 60 and supplies it to the controller 60. When there is no external power supply 10 input, the first power supply circuit 71 obtains the power of the battery 20 to supply power to the controller 60, and the voltage regulator module 75 steps down the voltage input by the battery 20 to suit the controller 60, and can continue to be stable. Keep the output of this voltage. In this embodiment, when the voltage of the battery 20 is 28V and is continuously decreasing, and the operating voltage of the controller 60 is 5V, the voltage regulator module 75 reduces the voltage provided by the battery 20 to 5V, and then provides the control. 60. When there is an external power supply 10 input, since the voltage of the direct current converted by the conversion module 50 may be too high, if the power is directly supplied to the controller 60, the controller 60 may be burned. At this time, the voltage regulation module 75 may convert the module 50. The output current is stepped down and made more stable to power the controller 60.

Only one resistor R10 is disposed in the second power supply circuit 72, and the load carrying capacity of the second power supply circuit 72 is smaller than the load carrying capability of the first power supply circuit 71, that is, the first power supply circuit 71 can drive more circuit components. The resistor R10 can be set to 1M, 1.5M or 2M, etc., in the present embodiment, The resistance is 1 M. The second power supply circuit 72 and the first power supply circuit 71 have a connection point 76, which is connected to the power input terminal of the controller 60. The connection point 76 is located between the voltage stabilizing module 75 and the controller 60, and in order to prevent the current from flowing to the voltage stabilizing module 75 when the first power supply circuit 71 is in the non-energized state, the connection point 76 is set between the connection point 76 and the voltage stabilizing module 75. A diode D5.

When the controller 60 is only powered by the second power supply circuit 72, since the power supply current is small and not stable enough, the controller 60 does not perform work such as data comparison or judgment, and can enter and maintain the sleep state when it is awakened. The controlled module 74 can be controlled to bring the first power supply circuit 71 into an energized state, thereby enabling the electronic switch 32 to be closed.

It can be understood that in order to make the second power supply circuit 72 supply power to the controller 60 more stable, and prevent the instantaneous voltage from being too high in the second circuit to burn the controller 60, a Zener Z1 can be connected at the connection point 76, at this time. The power supply circuit 72 supplies power to the controller 60 in series through the resistor R10 and the Zener diode Z1. Since the resistor R10 is prevented from being large and the voltage drop is large, the operating voltage of the Zener diode Z1 is less than its rated voltage, thereby implementing the flow direction controller 60. The current is small and stable. In addition, the second power supply circuit 72 is provided with a capacitor C2 in parallel with the Zener diode Z1 to meet the need for the surge of power demand in the transient state when the controller 60 is awakened from the sleep state, thereby preventing the controller 60 from crashing due to insufficient power supply. .

The third power supply circuit 73 can supply power to the controller 60 by using the power of the external power source 10, which is directly connected to the main power supply line 80, and the connection point is located after the conversion module 50 converts the external power into the DC power.

The third power supply circuit 73 is provided with a voltage stabilizing module, that is, a DC/DC converting circuit. In order to achieve circuit optimization, the third power supply circuit 73 and the first power supply circuit 71 can share a voltage stabilizing module 75, that is, the first power supply circuit 71 and The third power supply circuit 73 is connected to the voltage stabilizing module 75 to form a connection point 77, and a diode D3 is disposed at a position where the first power supply circuit 71 is close to the connection point 77, and the third power supply circuit 73 is close to the connection point 77. The position of the diode D2 is set to limit the direction of the current, and the current of the third power supply circuit 73 is prevented from flowing into the first power supply circuit 71, or the current of the first power supply circuit 71 flows into the third power supply circuit 73. In order to prevent the circuit from being turned on, the current in the circuit is too large to burn out the voltage regulator module 75. A resistor R9 can be provided between the connection point 77 and the voltage regulator module 75 to protect the voltage regulator module 75.

It can be understood that the conversion module 50 can have two positive output terminals, and the output voltages of the two output terminals are different, one is suitable for charging the battery 20, and the other is suitable for supplying power to the controller 60. The power supply circuit 73 is directly connected to the output terminal of the conversion module 50 for supplying power to the controller 60. Thus, the third power supply circuit 73 can directly supply power to the controller 60 without connecting to the voltage regulator module 75.

It can be understood that the connection point of the coil KM of the electronic switch 32 and the controller power supply module 70 is stable. Between the voltage module 75 and the diode D5.

The first power supply circuit 71, the second power supply circuit 72, and the third power supply circuit 73 supply power to the controller 60 as shown in Table 1 below.

Table I

For example, when there is no external power supply 10 and the battery 20 is connected to the charger 100, the charger 100 does not perform any work; for example, numbers 2 and 3, when the external power source 10 is connected without the battery 20, the controller 60 does not The electronic switch 32 is turned on, and the manual switch 31 is jogged, and the controller 60 is powered by the third power supply circuit 73. However, the controller 60 does not operate because the battery 20 is not found.

As shown in the serial numbers 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, when the external power source 10 is not connected and the battery 20 is loaded into the charger 100, the first power supply circuit 71 and the second power supply circuit 72 both supply power to the controller 60 (e.g., No. 4), and the supply current of the first power supply circuit 71 is greater than the supply current of the second power supply circuit 72, the controller 60 determines whether the battery 20 needs to be charged, and when no charging is required, the controller 60 does not control the electronic switch 32. When the battery 20 needs to be charged (such as the serial number 5), the controller 60 controls the electronic switch 32 to be turned on, and detects whether there is an external power source 10 input through the external power source detecting module 40. At this time, if the external power source 10 is not found. Then, the controller 60 disables the first power supply circuit 7 1 (such as the serial number 6), and turns off the electronic switch 32 to supply power only by the second power supply circuit 72. The controller 60 turns on the first power supply circuit 7 1 every time interval, and controls the electronic switch 32 to be turned on once (such as the serial number 7) to determine whether there is an external power source 10 input.

As shown in the serial number 8, when an external power source 10 input is found, the control electronic switch 32 is turned on, and the charger 100 is controlled to start charging the battery 20, at which time the third power supply circuit 73 is turned on and supplies power to the controller 60. Due to the length of the line, the voltage of the third power supply circuit 73 is higher than the voltage of the first power supply circuit 71 at the connection point 77. Therefore, after the third power supply circuit 73 is turned on, the first power supply circuit 71 is no longer controlled. The device 60 is powered.

As shown in the serial number 9, after the battery 20 is full, the controller 60 controls the electronic switch 32 to be turned off. At this time, the controller 60 is only powered by the second power supply circuit 72, and the charger 100 does not consume the power of the external power source 10, and because The second power supply circuit 72 has a small supply current, and the power consumption of the battery 20 is also very small, so that the entire charger 100 is very energy-saving.

As shown in the serial number 10, after the battery 20 is fully charged, the controller 60 controls the first power supply circuit 71 to be turned on once every interval. At this time, the controller 60 determines whether the battery 20 needs to be charged, and if necessary, repeats the foregoing functions, and does not need to Then, the first power supply circuit 7 1 is controlled to stop the power supply.

As shown in the serial numbers 1 1 and 12, when both the external power source 10 and the battery 20 are connected to the charger 100, if the controller 60 has not made corresponding charging for the battery 20, if the manual switch 3 1 is turned on, this The charger 100 immediately starts charging the battery 20 (e.g., serial number 1 1 ) and controls the electronic switch 32 to be closed (e.g., serial number 12), thereby realizing a quick response charging function.

If the battery 20 is loaded into the charger 100, it has been over-discharged or even completely discharged, it may not have enough power to perform the functions of the aforementioned serial numbers 7 and 8, that is, the controller 60 cannot provide sufficient power to turn the electronic switch 32 on. If the manual switch 31 is not closed, the charger 100 cannot start charging the battery 20. If the manual switch 3 1 is closed, the external power source 10 supplies power to the controller 60 through the third power supply circuit 73, so that the controller 60 can control the connection. By the electronic switch 32, even if the manual switch 31 is turned off, the electric energy enters the third power supply circuit 73 from the electronic switch 32, thereby ensuring power supply to the controller 60, thereby enabling the entire charger 100 to charge the battery 20.

It can be understood that the charger 100 can also have a fourth power supply circuit, and the fourth power supply circuit has a button battery, which supplies the power of the button battery to the controller 60, which is the controller 60. The power in the sleep state is provided, and the controller 60 can be turned on the first power supply circuit 71. At this time, the charger 100 can omit the second power supply circuit 72, and four power supply circuits that supply power to the controller 60 can coexist.

The controller 60 is used to control the charger 100 to charge the battery 20, and is connected to a battery voltage detecting module 61, a charging voltage detecting module 62, a clock circuit 63, an indicating module 64, and a charging current detecting module 65. A watchdog circuit is also integrated internally in the controller 60 for waking up the controller 60 when the controller 60 enters a sleep state.

The battery voltage detecting module 61 is connected to the controller power supply module 70. When the battery 20 is connected to the charger 100, the voltage of the battery 20 is detected, and the detection information is fed back to the controller 60, and the controller 60 performs an operation to obtain the battery 20. Voltage value.

The charging voltage detecting module 62 is configured to detect the charging voltage during charging of the battery 20 by the charger 100, and feed back the detection information to the controller 60, and the controller 60 performs an operation to obtain a charging voltage.

The clock circuit 63 is used to provide a clock source to the controller 60 and is capable of taking power from the controller 60 to maintain operation of the clock circuit 63.

It can be understood that the clock circuit 63 is an external low frequency clock circuit. When the controller 60 enters the sleep state, the power supply to the clock circuit 63 is stopped, thereby saving power.

The indicator module 64 includes a plurality of light emitting diodes that illuminate or change the color of the illumination under the control of the controller 60, and the change in the color of the illumination can be used to indicate the operational state of the charger 100 or whether the battery 20 has been fully charged. In the present embodiment, two light-emitting diodes D6, D7 are provided, and light of two colors of red and green is respectively emitted. LED status, the status of the corresponding charger is shown in Table 2 below.

The controller 60 obtains the electric energy from the controller power supply module 70, can receive the detection signal sent by the external power supply detection module 40, and determines whether there is an input of the external power supply 10 according to the detection signal, and can supply the electronic switch 32 and the controller power supply module 70. A control signal is issued and power can be supplied to the clock circuit 63 and the indicator module 64. It can be understood that when the controller 60 determines whether there is an input of the external power supply 10 according to the detection signal sent by the external power detecting module 40, the specific configuration of the external power detecting module 40 may be different, for example, the external power supply is different. The detecting module 40 can be a sampling circuit, that is, it can obtain the power operation of the battery 20, and perform the sample detection of the input of the external power source 10. When the input of the external power source 10 is not detected, the low level is output to the controller 60. When the input of the external power supply 10 is detected, it outputs a high level to the controller 60, and the low level or the high level outputted by the external power detecting module 40 is a detection signal with respect to the controller 60. In the embodiment, the external power detecting module 40 is an optocoupler power detecting circuit. When there is an input of the external power source 10, the detection signal output by the external power detecting module 40 is an electrical signal. When there is no input of the external power source 10, the external connection is external. The detection signal output by the power detecting module 40 is a null value, that is, it does not emit an electrical signal, and the controller 60 determines whether there is an input of the external power source 10 based on the received electrical signal or a null value. Of course, the technical solution of the controller 60 to determine whether there is an external power supply 10 input through the external power supply detecting module 40 is not limited thereto, and is not exhaustive again due to space limitation, but as long as the technology and the effect achieved are The invention is identical or similar and should be covered by the scope of the invention.

Referring to FIG. 4, a flow chart for controlling the charger 100 to charge the battery 20 for the controller 60 is shown. When the battery 20 is loaded into the charger 100, the first power supply circuit 71 and the second power supply circuit 72 both receive power from the battery 20 to supply power to the controller 60, and the controller 60 starts operating, which maintains the first power supply circuit 71 in an energized state, and The voltage value of the battery 20 is calculated by the detection data provided by the battery voltage detecting module 61, and the battery is required to be charged by comparing with a preset voltage value in the controller 60. In this embodiment, the pre-hypothesis is assumed. The voltage value is set to 26V. When the controller 60 finds that the voltage of the battery 20 is greater than 26V, it is considered that the battery 20 does not need to be charged. When the controller 60 finds that the voltage value of the battery 20 is less than or equal to 26V, the battery 20 is considered to be charged.

When the battery 20 does not need to be charged, the controller 60 controls the first power supply circuit 71 to enter a non-energized state, which is only powered by the second power supply circuit 72, the charging process ends, the controller enters a sleep state; when it is detected that the battery 20 needs to be charged The controller 60 controls the electronic switch 32 to be closed, and detects whether there is an external power source 10 input through the external power source detecting module 40. When the external power source 10 is not found, the controller 60 controls the first power supply circuit 71 to enter a non-energized state, which is only The power supply circuit 72 supplies power. At this time, the controller 60 enters a sleep state, and wakes up once by its internal watchdog circuit every time interval. After being woken up, it turns on the first power supply circuit 71, and then controls the electronic switch 32. When it is closed once, the external power supply detecting circuit 40 detects whether there is an external power source 10 input. When there is no external power source 10 input, it goes into sleep again, and repeats the step of detecting the external power source 10; when the external power source 10 is found, Then the battery 20 is charged.

It can be understood that the controller 60 is awakened from the sleep mode every interval of time, and the time interval can be gradually extended, for example, the controller 60 is woken up every 3 seconds in the first 5 minutes, and the electronic switch 32 is controlled to be closed to detect whether there is an external power supply. 10, If there is no external power supply 10, it will be awakened once in the 6th minute to the 10th minute and changed to 30 seconds. After 10 minutes, it will be changed to wake every 10 minutes. Of course, the present invention is not limited to the law of the wake-up controller 60 described in this embodiment, and other changes may be made by those skilled in the art, but as long as the technical essence thereof is the same as or similar to the present invention, it should be covered in the present invention. Within the scope of the invention.

During the charging process, the controller 60 obtains the data detected by the battery voltage detecting module 61, the charging voltage detecting module 62, and the charging current detecting module 65, and determines whether the battery 20 is fully charged, or may be based only on the battery voltage, the charging voltage, or One of the charging currents determines whether the battery 20 is full. In the present embodiment, for example, it is determined whether the battery 20 is full only according to the charging current, and a preset current value is set in the controller 60, for example, 300 mA, when the controller 60 performs the data detected by the charging current detecting module 65. After the operation, if the obtained charging current value is greater than 300 mA, it is considered that the battery 20 is not full and needs to continue charging; when the obtained charging current value is less than or equal to 300 mA, the controller 60 will consider that the battery 20 is full, then control the electronic switch 32. Disconnect, end the charging process.

It can be understood that, after the battery 20 is fully charged, if not disconnected from the charger 100, the charger 100 enters a sleep state and is powered only by the second power supply circuit 72. Thereafter, the controller 60 is woken up once every interval, and is turned on first. The power supply circuit 71 detects the battery voltage. If the controller 60 finds that the battery 20 needs to be charged, it controls the charger 100 to charge the battery 20. If the battery 20 does not need to be charged, it controls the first power supply circuit 71 not to be powered, and then enters again. Sleep state.

Compared with the existing charger, the charger 100 uses two power supply circuits for obtaining power from the battery 20 to supply power to the controller 60, and the first power supply circuit 71 controls the power supplied to the controller 60 through the voltage regulator module 75. The controller 60 can control the electronic switch 32 and perform operations such as detecting voltage or current. The second power supply circuit 72 is provided with a large resistor R10, so that the current is small, and the voltage is regulated only by a Zener Z1, so that the controller 60 can be maintained. In the sleep state, it is enabled to wake up, and the first power supply circuit 71 is turned on. Since the power consumption of the plurality of electronic components in the first power supply circuit 71 is avoided when the controller 60 enters the sleep state, only the power supply of the plurality of electronic components in the first power supply circuit 71 is avoided, and the power consumption of the voltage stabilization module 75 is avoided, thereby saving The electrical energy of the battery 20 also avoids the risk of further overdischarge of the battery 20.

Furthermore, the charger of the present invention is provided with a manual switch and an electronic switch, the manual switch and the The electronic switches are connected in parallel, and when the manual switch is closed, the external power source can supply power to the controller, and the controller can control the electronic switch to close. Through this scheme, when the battery is completely discharged or the battery is extremely low, the battery is charged by the external power source, thereby satisfying the needs of the user, and the battery cannot be charged due to the battery being too low, so that the battery cannot be used again. Produce unnecessary waste.

Referring to FIG. 5, which is a charging method suitable for the charger 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the method includes the following steps.

Step S110: When the battery 20 is loaded into the charger 100, the first power supply circuit 71 and the second power supply circuit 72 acquire the power of the battery 20 to supply power to the controller 60.

When the battery 20 is loaded into the charger 100, the first power supply circuit 71 and the second power supply circuit 72 are energized, at which time the controller 60 starts operating and controls the first power supply circuit 71 to maintain the energized state.

Step S115: The controller 60 determines whether the battery 20 needs to be charged.

The controller 60 calculates the battery voltage by calculating the data detected by the battery voltage detecting module 61, compares the magnitude relationship with the preset voltage value inside the controller 60, and determines whether the battery 20 needs to be charged.

Step S119: If the battery 20 does not need to be charged, the controller 60 controls the first power supply circuit 71 to be unpowered, and only the second power supply circuit 72 supplies power to the controller 60.

Controller 60 then goes to sleep and waits to be woken up by its internal watchdog circuit.

Step S123: When the battery 20 needs to be charged, the controller 60 controls the electronic switch 32 to be closed, and the external power detecting module 40 detects the input of the external power source 10.

Step S125: When the external power detecting module 40 does not find the input of the external power source 10, the controller 60 controls the electronic switch 32 to be turned off, and controls the first power supply circuit 71 to be unenergized, and only the second power supply circuit 72 is directed to the controller 60. powered by.

When the controller 60 does not find the external power source 10 through the external power source detecting circuit 40, it controls the first power supply circuit 71 to be de-energized, and is only powered by the second power supply circuit 72, at which time the controller 60 enters the sleep state.

Step S127: At intervals, the controller 60 turns on the first power supply circuit 71 once, and the control electronic switch 32 is closed, and the external power supply detecting module 40 detects whether there is an input of the external power source 10.

The controller 60 is woken up once every interval, and the first power supply circuit 71 is turned on, and then the electronic switch 32 is closed once, and the external power supply detecting circuit 40 detects whether there is an external power supply 10 Input.

Step S133: When there is an external power source 10 input, the charger 100 starts charging the battery 20. Step S139: When the battery 20 is fully charged, the controller 60 controls the charger 100 to disconnect from the external power source 10.

The controller 60 can determine whether the battery 20 is fully charged by acquiring the data detected by the battery voltage detecting module 61, the charging voltage detecting module 62, and the charging current detecting module 65, and of course, only according to the battery voltage, the charging voltage, or the charging current. It is judged whether or not the battery 20 is already full. In the present embodiment, the controller 60 determines whether the battery 20 is full based on the charging current. If the battery 20 is already full, the control electronic switch 32 is turned off, causing the charger 100 to disconnect from the external power source 10.

Step S141: The controller 60 turns on the first power supply circuit 71 once every interval of time, and repeats the foregoing step S115.

Because the battery 20 has a self-discharge phenomenon, if it is installed on the charger 100 for a long time, the controller 60 turns on the first power supply circuit 71 every time interval, and performs calculation by the data detected by the battery voltage detecting module 61. The voltage value of the battery 20 is obtained to determine whether it needs to be charged.

It will be understood that the foregoing is a repetitive cycle charging method, and the charging method ends only when the battery 20 is removed from the charger 100.

It can be understood that, referring to FIG. 6, the foregoing step S115 further includes the following sub-steps.

Step S150: The controller 60 controls the first power supply circuit 71 to be powered.

Step S152: The battery voltage detecting module 61 detects the voltage of the battery 10, and feeds back to the controller 60 to detect the data;

Step S154: The controller 60 obtains a battery voltage value according to the detected data, and compares the battery voltage value with a preset voltage value;

Step S156: When the battery voltage value is greater than or equal to the preset voltage value, the controller 60 controls the first power supply circuit 71 not to be powered, and only the second power supply circuit 72 supplies power to the controller 60.

Step S158: When the battery voltage value is less than the preset voltage value, the controller 60 controls the charger 100 to charge the battery 20.

It can be understood that, referring to FIG. 7, the foregoing step S127 further includes the following sub-steps.

Step S160: The controller 60 turns on the first power supply circuit 71 every time interval.

The controller 60 is woken up once every interval of time, and then it turns on the first power supply circuit 71. Step S162: The controller 60 controls the electronic switch 32 to be closed;

The controller 60 turns on the electronic switch 32 under the power supply of the first power supply circuit 71. Step S164: The external power source detecting module 40 detects whether there is an external power source 10 input.

Step S166: When the external power detecting module 40 does not detect the input of the external power source 10, the controller 60 controls the electronic switch 32 to be turned off.

Step S168: The controller 60 controls the first power supply circuit 71 not to be powered, and only the second power supply circuit 72 supplies power to the controller 60.

At this time, the controller 60 enters a sleep state and waits for the next wakeup.

Please refer to FIG. 8, which is a circuit diagram of a charger 200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The charger 200 can charge the battery 220 by using the external power source 210, and has a main power supply line 280 connected to the external power source 210. The main power supply line 280 is connected with a switch component 230, an external power source detection module 240, a conversion module 250, and a control. The controller 260 and the controller power supply module 270.

The charger 200 has substantially the same function and structure as the charger 100 provided by the first embodiment, except that the controller power supply module 270 includes only the first power supply circuit 271 and the second power supply circuit 272.

When the battery 220 needs to be charged, and the external power detecting module 240 finds the input of the external power source 210, the current will enter the current input line 278 along the main power supply line 280, and then flow through the first power supply circuit 271 and the second power supply circuit 272 to control. The device 260 is powered. During charging of the battery 220, the controller 260 maintains the first power supply circuit 271 in an energized state to maintain the controller 260 with a continuously stable supply of electrical energy.

Compared with the prior art, the charger of the present invention and the charging method thereof are provided with a first power supply circuit and a second power supply circuit, and when the battery is loaded into the charger, the two power supply circuits are capable of acquiring power from the battery. Supplying power to the controller. If the external power source is not input to the charger at this time, the controller controls the first power supply circuit to be unenergized, and only the second power supply circuit is The controller is powered. Since the resistance of the second power supply circuit is large, the power supply current is small, so that the power consumption of the battery is very small, thereby avoiding further over-discharging of the battery, and effectively preventing the charger from causing damage to the battery.

It is to be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may have other implementations, but the technical essence of the invention is the same or similar to the present invention, or any variation or replacement based on the present invention is in the present invention. Within the scope of protection.

Claims

Claim

1. A charger, including:

a charging circuit for charging a battery with an external power source;

a controller for controlling operation of the charger;

a manual switch that can be operated to close or open, thereby controlling the charging circuit to be energized or de-energized; an electronic switch in parallel with the manual switch;

The controller is capable of controlling the electronic switch to be closed or opened. When the manual switch is closed, the external power source can supply power to the controller, and the controller can control the electronic switch to be closed. .

2. The charger according to claim 1, wherein: the charger has an external power supply circuit connected to the controller, and when the manual switch or the electronic switch is closed, the external power supply circuit can The controller is powered by the electrical energy of the external power source.

3. The charger according to claim 2, wherein: said external power supply circuit is provided with a DC/DC conversion circuit.

The charger according to claim 3, wherein: the external power source is an AC power source, and the charger has an AC/DC conversion circuit that converts the AC power of the external power source into DC power and flows into the external device. The current of the power supply circuit is the direct current.

The charger according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the manual switch is a non-self-locking type switch.

6. The charger of claim 5 wherein: said electronic switch is a relay, a triode, a thyristor or a solid state relay.

7. The charger according to claim 6, wherein: the relay has a coil and a triode, and the controller controls whether the coil is energized by controlling the conduction or blocking of the transistor.

8. The charger of claim 7, wherein: the source of electrical energy flowing through the coil is the external power source.

9. The charger of claim 5, wherein: said charger immediately charges said battery when said manual switch is depressed.