WO2011092202A1 - Ensemble fil-guide médical - Google Patents

Ensemble fil-guide médical Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2011092202A1
WO2011092202A1 PCT/EP2011/051065 EP2011051065W WO2011092202A1 WO 2011092202 A1 WO2011092202 A1 WO 2011092202A1 EP 2011051065 W EP2011051065 W EP 2011051065W WO 2011092202 A1 WO2011092202 A1 WO 2011092202A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
guide wire
sensor
sensor signal
assembly according
wire assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/051065
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Magnus Samuelsson
Original Assignee
St Jude Medical Systems Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by St Jude Medical Systems Ab filed Critical St Jude Medical Systems Ab
Publication of WO2011092202A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011092202A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the cardiovascular system, e.g. pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow
    • A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
    • A61B5/0215—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by means inserted into the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6846—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive
    • A61B5/6847—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive mounted on an invasive device
    • A61B5/6851—Guide wires
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the cardiovascular system, e.g. pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow
    • A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
    • A61B5/0215—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by means inserted into the body
    • A61B5/02158—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by means inserted into the body provided with two or more sensor elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a medical guide wire assembly according to the preamble of the independent claim.
  • the present invention relates generally to sensor and guide wire assemblies, in which one or many sensors is/are mounted preferably at the distal end of a guide wire for
  • intravascular measurements of physiological variables in a living body and in particular in relation to the communication with the sensor(s).
  • a sensor guide comprises a sensor element, an electronic unit, a signal transmitting cable connecting the sensor element to the electronic unit, a flexible tube having the cable and the sensor element disposed therein, a solid metal wire (also called a core wire), and a coil attached to the distal end of the solid wire.
  • the sensor element comprises a pressure sensitive device, e.g. a membrane, with piezoresistive elements connected in a Wheatstone bridge- type of arrangement mounted thereon.
  • piezoresistive effect differs from the piezoelectric effect. In contrast to the piezoelectric effect, the piezoresistive effect only causes a change in resistance, it does not produce electrical charges.
  • Piezoresistors are resistors made from a piezoresistive material and are usually used for measurement of mechanical stress. They are the simplest form of piezoresistive devices.
  • the above sensors are passive sensors where a physiological variable is sensed and transmitted directly as a resistance, a current, a voltage, etc. being representative of physiological variable.
  • the senor is powered by a separate micro cable and the sensor signal is transmitted from the sensor to the proximal end of the guide wire via two other micro cables for further processing by a connected processing unit.
  • Signal transmission from such sensors may be hampered by cable/connector effects, e.g. cable resistance temperature coefficients, contact resistance, leakage due to wetting etc. and bending and mechanical strain on the wire causes disturbances.
  • cable/connector effects e.g. cable resistance temperature coefficients, contact resistance, leakage due to wetting etc. and bending and mechanical strain on the wire causes disturbances.
  • each sensor requires a separate set of micro cables, and if multiple cable strands and connector elements are used they may severely limit the mechanical performance of a guide wire, and in addition they are difficult to manufacture and are thus prone to reliability issues.
  • the object of the present invention is to achieve an guide wire assembly that obviates the above drawbacks related to guide wires provided with numerous micro cables, in particular in multi sensor arrangements.
  • the manufacture is simplified, e.g. it is easier to connect the micro cables to the circuitry chip in that it allows for much easier wire-to-chip bonding, it reduces the number of contact elements in the proximal connector and reduces complexity of wire fabrication.
  • the guide wire tubing that encloses the core wire along the guide wire may then be differently arranged, it could e.g. have a thicker wall.
  • a presumption for using the core wire as an active signalling part is that the inherent capacitances are handled which exist between the micro cables and the core wire along the entire guide wire. That may be achieved by arranging an inductance in order to achieve reactance matching. The theoretical circuitry of capacitance and inductance will then have a resonance frequency, i.e. a frequency that is amplified, and the processed sensor signal to be supplied via the core wire may then use that frequency.
  • the signalling through the core wire may have both DC and AC components although using only AC components with capacitive coupling has several advantages such as: • Improved safety for unwanted leakage currents.
  • the power supply and the active signalling channel use one of the micro cables and the other micro cable is used as ground.
  • the sensor signal is superimposed a DC level used as power supply.
  • the signal processing of the sensor signal must be performed in the sensor circuitry and the processed sensor signal is preferably a high frequency (MHz) AC voltage.
  • a further advantage by the arrangement according to this second embodiment is also, as in the first embodiment, that numerous sensors may be arranged along the guide wire as the sensor signals may be transferred simultaneously as they use e.g. different frequency.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a conventional sensor and guide wire assembly.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of a sensor guide wire assembly according to the present invention.
  • Figure 3 schematically illustrates the sensor chip and connected micro cables according to a first embodiment.
  • Figure 4 schematically illustrates the sensor chip and connected micro cables according to a second embodiment.
  • Figure 5 shows a simplified electrical circuit representing the capacitive situation of the guide wire.
  • Figure 6 schematically illustrates a multi sensor guide wire assembly according to the present invention.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 schematically illustrate resistances and capacitances along the guide wire. Detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention
  • the sensor guide 1 comprises a hollow tube 2, a core wire 3, a first coil 4, a second coil 5, a jacket or sleeve 6, a dome-shaped tip 7, a sensor element 8, and one or several electrical leads 9.
  • the proximal end of the first coil 4 is attached to the distal end of the hollow tube 2, while the distal end of the first coil 4 is attached to the proximal end of the jacket 6.
  • the proximal end of the second coil 5 is connected to the distal end of the jacket 6, and the dome-shaped tip 7 is attached to the distal end of the second coil 5.
  • the core wire 3 is at least partly disposed inside the hollow tube 2 such that the distal portion of the core wire 3 extends out of the hollow tube 2 and into the second coil 5.
  • the sensor element 8 is mounted on the core wire 3 at the position of the jacket 6, and is through the electrical leads 9 connected to an electronic unit (not shown in the figure).
  • the sensor element 8 comprises a pressure sensitive device in the form of a membrane (not visible in the figure), which through an aperture 11 in the jacket 6 is in contact with a medium, such as blood, surrounding the distal portion of the sensor guide 1.
  • a medium such as blood
  • the medical guide wire assembly comprises a guide wire having a proximal end and a distal end, and is preferably of the type shown in figure 1 and is provided with at least one physiology parameter sensor, e.g. a pressure sensor.
  • the sensor is preferably arranged close to the distal end.
  • the proximal end of the guide-wire is provided with an elongated connector part, having connection electrodes, for insertion into a connector housing provided with an elongated tubing adapted to achieve electrical and mechanical connection to the elongated connector part, the connector housing is in its turn electrically or wirelessly connectable to a physiology monitor (not shown).
  • the guide wire is further provided with a core wire running essentially along the entire guide wire, and a sensor signal processing circuitry, arranged in connection with the physiological sensor, and adapted to generate a processed sensor signal in response of a sensed parameter.
  • An outer tubing, or hollow tube, (not shown) encloses the core wire essentially along the entire guide wire.
  • the sensor signal processing circuitry comprises a modulation unit arranged to modulate the processed sensor signal and to generate a modulated sensor signal.
  • the assembly also comprises exactly two micro-cables that are connected to the sensor signal processing circuitry, and that the micro-cables run along the guide wire inside the outer tubing and are connected to the connection electrodes of the connector part.
  • One of the core wire and the two micro-cables is actively used when transferring the processed and modulated sensor signal to the connector housing.
  • the sensor and the signal processing circuitry is preferably arranged at a circuitry chip.
  • Two main embodiments may be identified of the assembly using only two micro cables, i.e. how the signalling is performed and how the sensor chip is power supplied.
  • the core wire is used to transfer the modulated sensor signal, i.e. being the active channel, one of the micro-cables is used for power supply of the circuitry and the other micro-cable is used as ground. This embodiment is illustrated in figure 3.
  • an impedance matching circuitry is arranged in the connector housing to take care of impedances between the core wire and the tubing.
  • the core wire is covered at its surface by an insulating layer, e.g. Teflon or a polymer, that may serve two purposes, to electrically isolate the core wire from the tubing and to reduce the friction between the core wire and the tubing.
  • This two alternatives are schematically illustrated in the electrical representations of the guide wire shown in figures 7 and 8, where figure 7 shows a so-called floating core wire, i.e. the core wire provided with coating, and figure 8 shows a so-called connected core wire, i.e. the core wire is not provided with a coating and may then be in electrical contact with the tubing.
  • Figures 7 and 8 illustrate resistances and capacitances along the guide wire, which form basis for tuning the impedance matching circuitry that is electrically connected to the core wire and the micro-cables to match the impedance of the core wire and micro cable(s), and includes preferably at least one tuning inductor.
  • Figure 5 shows a simplified electrical circuit representing the capacitive situation of the guide wire and a connected impedance matching circuitry ZL.
  • ZL external impedance
  • EMI electromagnetic interference
  • V out V 0SC 'Ci/(Ci+C 2 ), where V osc is the amplitude to the oscillator used to modulate the sensor signal, Ci is the capacitive coupling from the chip, in this example approx. 1 pF, and C 2 is the capacitive load of the guide wire, in this example approx. 180 pF.
  • ZL may e.g. be realized by an inductor or other means (a gyrator etc). By controlling Q for the impedance matching circuitry the amplification and bandwidth may be tailored to suit the modulation chosen. Z L may be tuneable to track the signal frequency and/or allow for variations in guide wire capacitive behaviour.
  • one of the micro cables is used as power supply of the sensor chip(s) and for signalling purposes and the other micro cable is used as ground.
  • the sensor signal is superimposed on the power supply DC voltage.
  • This embodiment may require large on-chip capacitors (or voltage regulators) at the sensor circuitry chip.
  • the signalling is preferably bidirectional, i.e. both from the sensor and active circuitry to the readout system and vice versa.
  • the signalling between the signal processing circuitry and the processing circuitry of the connector housing is performed by the modulated sensor signal which is transferred by using a multiple access technique. This is applicable to all embodiments described herein.
  • the multiple access technique is a frequency division multiple access technique, a time division multiple access technique, or a code division multiple access technique.
  • the modulation unit includes a sigma-delta modulator adapted to generate a modulated sensor signal including a bit stream.
  • the connector housing is provided with a demodulation unit adapted to demodulate the signal.
  • the connector housing is also provided with a processing circuitry adapted to process the demodulated signal.
  • the guide wire assembly comprises two or more physiology parameter sensors arranged along the guide wire. This embodiment is schematically illustrated in figure 6, where an assembly provided with n sensors is shown.
  • Each sensor is provided with a dedicated sensor signal processing circuitry including a modulation unit adapted to process and modulate the sensor signal and to transfer the processed and modulated sensor signal to the connector housing.
  • the sensor signals from all sensors are transferred at the same actively used channel, e.g. the core wire or one of the micro-cables, i.e. the multi sensor guide wire is applicable to both the first and second embodiment.
  • the sensors may include at least two of a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor or a flow sensor, or any other type of sensor, where each sensor has different modulation schemes when using any of the multiple access techniques, e.g. Frequency Division Multiple Access, Time

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un ensemble fil-guide médical qui comprend un fil-guide possédant une extrémité proximale et une extrémité distale, et au moins un capteur de paramètres physiologiques. L'extrémité proximale du fil-guide précité est équipée d'un élément raccord allongé comportant des électrodes de connexion, qui est destiné à s'insérer dans un logement de raccord équipé d'une tubulure allongée apte à établir une liaison électrique et mécanique avec l'élément raccord allongé, le logement de raccord pouvant à son tour être relié électriquement ou sans fil à un dispositif de surveillance physiologique. Le fil-guide précité comprend un fil central qui s'étend essentiellement sur toute sa longueur. Des circuits de traitement de signal de capteur sont agencés de façon qu'ils sont reliés au capteur de paramètres physiologiques et qu'ils sont aptes à produire un signal de capteur traité en réponse à un paramètre détecté. Lesdits circuits de traitement de signal de capteur comprennent une unité de modulation agencée pour moduler le signal de capteur traité et pour produire un signal de capteur modulé. L'ensemble selon l'invention comprend exactement deux microcâbles qui sont reliés aux circuits de traitement de signal de capteur, lesdits microcâbles s'étendant le long du fil-guide et étant reliés aux électrodes de connexion de l'élément raccord, le fil central étant activement utilisé lors du transfert du signal de capteur traité et modulé vers le logement de raccord.
PCT/EP2011/051065 2010-01-29 2011-01-26 Ensemble fil-guide médical WO2011092202A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1050092 2010-01-29
SE1050092-4 2010-01-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011092202A1 true WO2011092202A1 (fr) 2011-08-04

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PCT/EP2011/051065 WO2011092202A1 (fr) 2010-01-29 2011-01-26 Ensemble fil-guide médical
PCT/EP2011/051045 WO2011092190A1 (fr) 2010-01-29 2011-01-26 Ensemble de fils de guidage médical

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PCT/EP2011/051045 WO2011092190A1 (fr) 2010-01-29 2011-01-26 Ensemble de fils de guidage médical

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013080103A1 (fr) 2011-11-28 2013-06-06 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Câble pour instruments médicaux

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013028737A1 (fr) * 2011-08-22 2013-02-28 Lake Region Manufacturing, Inc. D/B/A Fil-guide multiconducteur, de faible profil
JP6506297B2 (ja) 2014-02-03 2019-04-24 ボルケーノ コーポレイション 導体が埋め込まれたコアワイヤを持つ血管内装置、システム及び方法
WO2016071822A1 (fr) 2014-11-03 2016-05-12 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Dispositifs, systèmes et procédés intravasculaires ayant une pointe flexible modelée radio-opaque

Citations (10)

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USRE35648E (en) 1990-07-11 1997-11-04 Radi Medical Systems Ab Sensor guide construction and use thereof
US6182513B1 (en) 1998-12-23 2001-02-06 Radi Medical Systems Ab Resonant sensor and method of making a pressure sensor comprising a resonant beam structure
US6343514B1 (en) 1996-01-30 2002-02-05 Radi Medical Systems Ab Combined flow, pressure and temperature sensor
US6461301B2 (en) 2000-03-21 2002-10-08 Radi Medical Systems Ab Resonance based pressure transducer system
US6615067B2 (en) 2000-03-21 2003-09-02 Radi Medical Systems Ab Method and device for measuring physical characteristics in a body
US6692446B2 (en) 2000-03-21 2004-02-17 Radi Medical Systems Ab Passive biotelemetry
WO2004052182A2 (fr) * 2002-12-11 2004-06-24 Proteus Biomedical, Inc. Procede et systeme permettant de controler et traiter des parametres hemodynamiques
EP1654980A1 (fr) * 2004-11-09 2006-05-10 Radi Medical Systems Ab Réduction du courant de fuite dans des fils de guide
US20060173364A1 (en) * 2004-10-29 2006-08-03 Worcester Polytechnic Institute Multi-channel electrophysiologic signal data acquisition system on an integrated circuit
US20080132806A1 (en) * 2006-12-01 2008-06-05 Radi Medical Systems Ab Sensor and guide wire assembly

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK232783D0 (da) * 1983-05-24 1983-05-24 Radiometer As Elektrokemisk maleelektrodeindretning og fremgangsmade til transmission af signaler fra samme
US8517921B2 (en) * 2004-04-16 2013-08-27 Gyrus Acmi, Inc. Endoscopic instrument having reduced diameter flexible shaft

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE35648E (en) 1990-07-11 1997-11-04 Radi Medical Systems Ab Sensor guide construction and use thereof
US6343514B1 (en) 1996-01-30 2002-02-05 Radi Medical Systems Ab Combined flow, pressure and temperature sensor
US6182513B1 (en) 1998-12-23 2001-02-06 Radi Medical Systems Ab Resonant sensor and method of making a pressure sensor comprising a resonant beam structure
US6461301B2 (en) 2000-03-21 2002-10-08 Radi Medical Systems Ab Resonance based pressure transducer system
US6615067B2 (en) 2000-03-21 2003-09-02 Radi Medical Systems Ab Method and device for measuring physical characteristics in a body
US6692446B2 (en) 2000-03-21 2004-02-17 Radi Medical Systems Ab Passive biotelemetry
WO2004052182A2 (fr) * 2002-12-11 2004-06-24 Proteus Biomedical, Inc. Procede et systeme permettant de controler et traiter des parametres hemodynamiques
US20060173364A1 (en) * 2004-10-29 2006-08-03 Worcester Polytechnic Institute Multi-channel electrophysiologic signal data acquisition system on an integrated circuit
EP1654980A1 (fr) * 2004-11-09 2006-05-10 Radi Medical Systems Ab Réduction du courant de fuite dans des fils de guide
US20080132806A1 (en) * 2006-12-01 2008-06-05 Radi Medical Systems Ab Sensor and guide wire assembly

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013080103A1 (fr) 2011-11-28 2013-06-06 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Câble pour instruments médicaux
US9711259B2 (en) 2011-11-28 2017-07-18 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Cable for medical instruments

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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