WO2011086559A1

WO2011086559A1 - Methods and systems of producing lenticular image articles from remotely uploaded interlaced images

Info

Publication number: WO2011086559A1
Application number: PCT/IL2011/000047
Authority: WO
Inventors: Assaf Zomet; Jonathan Siboni
Original assignee: Humaneyes Technologies Ltd.
Priority date: 2010-01-14
Filing date: 2011-01-13
Publication date: 2011-07-21

Abstract

A method of generating a lenticular imaging article. The method comprises receiving an interlaced composite image having a first pitch, providing a second pitch set to match a optical pitch of a lenticular lens sheet, converting the interlaced composite image to form a converted interlaced composite image having the second pitch, and generating a lenticular imaging article having the converted interlaced composite image viewable thorough the lenticular lens sheet.

Description

METHODS AND SYSTEMS OF PRODUCING LENTICULAR IMAGE ARTICLES FROM REMOTELY UPLOADED INTERLACED IMAGES

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/294,843, filed on January 14, 2010 and U.S. Provisional Application 61/303,385 filed on February 11, 2010. The content of the above document is incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein.

FIELD AND BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention, in some embodiments thereof, relates to lenticular printing and, more particularly, but not exclusively, to methods and system of generating lenticular image articles. A lenticular image article usually comprises an interlaced composite image which is a combination of multiple input images overlaid with a lenticular lens sheet to provide a sense of depth, movement, or other change, depending on how the input images differ. In order to avoid artifacts, such as ghosting, the mechanical pitch of the lenticular lens sheet, which is the physical pitch of the lenticular lenses, and the pitch of the interlaced composite image are usually calibrated (matched). Poor calibration of the lenticular lens sheet and the interlaced composite image can cause the passage from one image to another to not be simultaneous over the entire print. The image transition progresses from one side of the print to the other, giving the impression of a veil or curtain crossing the visual. This phenomenon is felt less for the 3-D effects.

The matching is usually performed during the interlacing process, a process in which printed information is stripped and arranged to a given pitch in a manner that matches a lenticular lens sheet. Usually matching is performed using a pitch test, a series of graduated bars with an ascending lenticuls-per-inch (LPI) value that is used to determine the visual pitch of a lenticular lens sheet. This is generally used during proofing and on press. It is not uncommon for a lens to have a different visual pitch between the proofing device and the printing press. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of generating a lenticular imaging article. The method comprises receiving an interlaced composite image having a first pitch, providing a second pitch set to match a optical pitch of a lenticular lens sheet, converting the interlaced composite image to form a converted interlaced, composite image having the second pitch, and generating a lenticular imaging article having the converted interlaced composite image viewable thorough the lenticular lens sheet.

Optionally, the first pitch is at least 20% higher than the optical pitch.

Optionally, the interlaced composite image is generated in a first network node and transmitted via a network; the converting is performed in a second network node.

More optionally, the method further comprises aligning the interlaced composite image at the second network node.

More optionally, the method further comprises deinterlacing the interlaced composite image to form a plurality of views, and computing a shift to the interlaced composite image according to the plurality of views.

More optionally, the aligning comprises displaying the plurality of views in their order to allow an operator to visually confirm the order.

Optionally, the converting comprises: deinterlacing the interlaced composite image to form a plurality of views, generating a plurality of samples of the plurality of views, and interlacing the plurality of samples.

More optionally, the second network node is a web server providing a lenticular printing service to a plurality of client terminals the interlaced composite image is originated from one of the plurality of client terminals.

More optionally, the interlaced composite image is not aligned by the first network node.

According to some embodiments of the present invention there is provided an apparatus of generating a lenticular imaging article. The apparatus comprises a receiving module which receives, via a network, an interlaced composite image having a first pitch, the interlaced composite image being provided from a remote client terminal connected to the network, a conversion module which converts the interlaced composite image to form a converted interlaced composite image having a second pitch set according to a optical pitch of a lenticular lens sheet, and a lenticular imaging article generation unit which generates a lenticular imaging article having the converted interlaced composite image viewable thorough the lenticular lens sheet.

Optionally, the interlaced composite image is not aligned by the remote client terminal.

Optionally, the conversion module is set to align the interlaced composite image for the conversion thereof.

Optionally, the first pitch is at least 20% higher than the optical pitch.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and/or scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains. Although methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of embodiments of the invention, exemplary methods and/or materials are described below. In case of conflict, the patent specification, including definitions, will control. In addition, the materials, methods, and examples are illustrative only and are not intended to be necessarily limiting.

Implementation of the method and/or system of embodiments of the invention can involve performing or completing selected tasks manually, automatically, or a combination thereof. Moreover, according to actual instrumentation and equipment of embodiments of the method and/or system of the invention, several selected tasks could be implemented by hardware, by software or by firmware or by a combination thereof using an operating system.

For example, hardware for performing selected tasks according to embodiments of the invention could be implemented as a chip or a circuit. As software, selected tasks according to embodiments of the invention could be implemented as a plurality of software instructions being executed by a computer using any suitable operating system. In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, one or more tasks according to exemplary embodiments of method and/or system as described herein are performed by a data processor, such as a computing platform for executing a plurality of instructions. Optionally, the data processor includes a volatile memory for storing instructions and/or data and/or a non-volatile storage, for example, a magnetic hard-disk and/or removable media, for storing instructions and/or data. Optionally, a network connection is provided as well. A display and/or a user input device such as a keyboard or mouse are optionally provided as well.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Some embodiments of the invention are herein described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings. With specific reference now to the drawings in detail, it is stressed that the particulars shown are by way of example and for purposes of illustrative discussion of embodiments of the invention. In this regard, the description taken with the drawings makes apparent to those skilled in the art how embodiments of the invention may be practiced.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a system for generating a lenticular image article which is connected, via network, to a plurality of client terminals, according to some embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method of generating lenticular imaging articles set to match a certain optical pitch and based on an interlaced composite image that is received, with another pitch, from a remote client terminal, according to some embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a process for converting an interlaced composite image having a first pitch to another interlaced composite image having a second pitch, according to some embodiments of the present invention; and

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration depicting the order of strips of an interlaced composite image, according to some embodiments of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

The present invention, in some embodiments thereof, relates to lenticular printing and, more particularly, but not exclusively, to methods and system of generating lenticular image articles.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a system and a method of generating a lenticular imaging article having an interlaced composite image with a pitch that is adapted to the optical pitch of its lenticular lens sheet and different from the pitch of a source interlaced composite image, optionally received from a remote client terminal. The system and method allow a remote client to provide a remote lenticular printing service with an interlaced composite image having a pitch which does not match the optical pitch of the lenticular lens sheet of the lenticular imaging article(s) which are generated based on the provided interlaced composite image. The system and method covert the received interlaced composite image to form a converted interlaced composite image having a pitch that matches to the optical pitch of the lenticular lens sheet of the lenticular imaging article(s). In such a manner, good pitch calibration is achieved and the process of generating lenticular imaging article(s) based on interlaced composite image which are remotely selected and uploaded may be facilitated.

The method, which is optionally implemented by a network node, such as an online lenticular printing service provider, is based on the ability to receive an interlaced composite image having a first pitch and converting the received interlaced composite image to form a converted interlaced composite image having the second pitch that is optionally adapted to the optical pitch of a target interlaced composite image. This allows generating a lenticular imaging article having the converted interlaced composite image viewable thorough the target lenticular lens sheet, namely a lenticular imaging article with high pitch calibration. Optionally, the source interlaced composite image is aligned by the system, optionally automatically. In such a manner, the user who sends the lenticular imaging article from the client terminal does not have to adjust its alignment

Before explaining at least one embodiment of the invention in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not necessarily limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of the components and/or methods set forth in the following description and/or illustrated in the drawings and/or the Examples. The invention is capable of other embodiments or of being practiced or carried out in various ways.

Reference is now made to FIG. 1, which is a schematic illustration of a system 100 for generating a lenticular image article which is connected, via network 101, to a plurality of client terminals 102, according to some embodiments of the present invention. The client terminals 401 allow users 110 to generate a composite interlaced image, for example as known in the art, and to forward the composite interlaced image to the system 100 via the network 102, for example using network messages, such as TCP/IP message(s). For example, the client terminal 102 allows a user 110 to access a website or a webpage in which she can upload the composite interlaced image to the system 100. As used herein a client terminal 102 means a personal computer, a server, a laptop, thin client, a tablet, a kiosk in a photo shop, a personal digital assistant (PDA), or any other computing unit with network connectivity. Optionally, each client terminal 101 allows the user 110 locally create the interlaced composite image, for example by using a locally installed interlacing module 103. The interlacing module 103 may be hosted on the client terminal 102 or on a remote network node 106, for example as shown at 105. The interlacing module 103 may be used to interlace any set of images that is selected by the user 110, as known in the art. The system 100 optionally functions as a lenticular printing service which receives the interlaced composite image and generates one or more lenticular image articles therefrom. The system 100 includes an input unit 111 for receiving the interlaced composite images from the client terminals 101 and/or the remote network node 106. The system 100 further includes a conversion module 112 for generating a converted interlaced composite image having a desired pitch based on the received interlaced composite image. The conversion module 112 is executed on a computing unit, such as a central processing unit (CPU) and/or a digital signal processor (DSP). The generation may be performed by applying a conversion as described below. The system 100 further includes a printing module 113 for instructing the printing of the converted interlaced composite image. Optionally, the system 100 forwards the printing instructions for printing converted interlaced composite image to a printing unit 115 designed for printing lenticular image articles, for example as known in the art, for instance as described in International Patent Application NO. WO2008/087632, which is incorporated herein by reference. The printing unit 115 may be connected directly to the system 100 and/or via the network 101. Optionally, the printing unit 115 includes or connected to a lamination mechanism for laminating a media containing the converted interlaced composite image to a target lenticular lens sheet. As used herein a target lenticular lens sheet is a lenticular lens sheet through which the interlaced composite image or a derivative thereof is about to be viewed. The target lenticular lens sheet may be any image separating mask that is set to create an optical effect, for example an array of lenticules and/or a parallax barrier. The system 100, which is a network node connected to the network, allows receiving an interlaced composite image from another network node, such as the client terminal 101. In such a manner, an image originated from one network node is printed with a different pitch by another network node without requiring from the one network node to perform and preliminary action, such as alignment or to provide the actual views which are used to generate the interlaced composite image.

Reference is now also made to FIG. 2, which is a flowchart of a method 200 of generating one or more lenticular imaging articles set to match a certain optical pitch and based on an interlaced composite image that is received, with another pitch, from a remote client terminal, according to some embodiments of the present invention. The method 200 is optionally implemented by a network node, such as the system 100, for example on a host platform connected to the network 101.

As shown at 201, an interlaced composite image having a first pitch is received from a remote client terminal, such as 102, via a network, such as 101. As shown at 202, a second pitch set which matches to an optical pitch of a target lenticular lens sheet is provided. As used herein an optical pitch is a value which usually corresponds with the number of lenses (or lines) per unit of measurement (for example per inch) on the surface of a lenticular lens sheet. The optical pitch may be defined for a certain viewing distance and/or varies when the viewing distance changes. For example, a layout with a mechanical pitch X may have an optical pitch which is greater than X, depending on their viewing distance. Usually, the smaller the lenses, the higher is the optical pitch (Smaller lenses allow for less breakup of detail).

Optionally, the second pitch is the actual pitch of the target lenticular lens sheet that is used for generating the lenticular imaging articles based on the received interlaced composite image. Optionally, the actual optical pitch of the target lenticular lens sheet is identified, for example provided manually by an operator and/or measured automatically according to a measuring device.

Then, as shown at 203, the received interlaced composite image is converted to form a converted interlaced composite image having the second pitch which matches the optical pitch of the target lenticular lens sheet. In such a manner, the user 110 can upload any interlaced composite image to the system 100, in a given pitch, and the system 100 generates a converted version of the interlaced composite image with a pitch which matches the lenticular lens sheet on which it is printed and/or projected. Alternatively, the converted version of the interlaced composite image may be printed on a medium that is set to be attached to the target lenticular lens sheet. For brevity, the received interlaced composite image may be referred to herein as an input interlaced image and the converted interlaced composite image may be referred to herein as the printed interlaced image.

Optionally, the received interlaced composite image is aligned in order to allow the processing thereof. The alignment is performed in order to find the required transformation, for example shifting, of the interlaced image so as to match the locations of strips in the interlaced image according to locations of lenticules in the sheet.

Reference is now made to a mathematical description of an exemplary alignment process of aligning an interlaced composite image, according to some embodiments of the present invention. For brevity, with reference to the alignment process / denotes the received image, P denotes the pitch of the received image, D denotes the resolution of the received image, and W denotes width.

First, a variable k is set so that k = DIP. Then, a derivative image (DI) is set as follows: DI(x,y) =I(x,y)-I(x-l,y). Now, the absolute values of DI along the columns are summed to get the following sums vector: Equation 1:

y

This allows calculating a shift that brings the interlaced image to an alignment. The shift may be given as follows:

Equation 2:

0<T<K n=l ..WP / D It should be noted that the above alignment makes the assumption that the strips are vertically oriented. An implementation for the alignment of the strips at other orientations is also possible by first rotating the interlaced image to bring the strips to a vertical orientation.

Another exemplary alignment process is performed as follows: first, the received interlaced composite image / is deinterlaced to create a set of views Vo,.., Vk-i. The deinterlacing may be performed as described below with reference to block 301 of FIG. 3. Then, a shift that brings the received interlaced image to alignment as computed as follows:

Equation 3:

where mod(T-l,K) denotes a modulo operator. The alignment, which is performed according to the views, does not require any preset marks. Optionally, the views are presented to an operator on a display that is connected to the system 100. The view may be displayed according to their original order, for example playing the views from first to last and/or from the last to first. In FIG. 5, the locations of the columns corresponding by example to view 1 or to view 5 and the displaying is performed according to their order, for example 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and/or 5, 4, 3, 2, 1. Views 1 and 5 in this example are the first and last views. In such a manner, the operator may confirm the order of the views before the generation of the lenticular article based on the received interlaced composite image. The alignment allows receiving a composite interlaced image that does not include alignment marks from a remote client terminal. In addition, as the alignment is performed automatically at the system 100 and not at the client terminal 101 that is used to create the aligned interlaced composite image, the user 110 who provides and/or creates the interlaced composite image does not have to align it. For example, the user is not required to align any of the columns of the interlaced image to correspond to any of the views. An automatic alignment of the interlaced image to a lenticular sheet is identical in some embodiments to identifying the first view in a list of deinterlaced views. It should be noted that the optical pitch of a lenticular lens sheet tends to change as a result of factors such as temperature and/or humidity changes. By matching the pitch of the printed interlaced composite image at the production unit and not at the image uploading unit, for example at the client terminal 102, one may avoid artifacts which are an outcome of poor calibration.

Optionally, the resolution (£⁾;) of the received interlaced composite image (Ij) is an integer multiple of its pitch (Pi). For example, the pitch Pj of the interlaced composite image Ij is 60 lenses (lenticules) per inch (LPI) when resolution Dj is 600 dots per inch (DPI). In use, image 7; is used to create a converted interlaced composite image (I₂) having a second pitch P₂ which matches the optical pitch of the target lenticular sheet. Optionally, pitch Pj is 20% or more than pitch P₂, for example 100% or more than pitch P . For brevity, a pitch that is higher than another in 20% or more may be referred to herein as a pitch that is significantly higher than another pitch. It should be noted that the higher is the pitch, the higher is the quality of the interlaced image.

Reference is now made to a mathematical process which may be used for converting an interlaced composite image having a certain pitch to form another interlaced composite image with a different pitch. The description herein is of an implementation for interlaced images corresponding to a vertical lens direction. The adaption of this implementation to interlaced images with horizontal lens direction is straightforward by switching the x coordinates (abscissa) with y coordinates (ordinate).

In this description of the mathematical process I denotes a first interlaced image having Pj and resolution Di defined so that Di =Pj*k where k optionally denotes an integer which satisfies the following:

and J denotes a second interlaced image having P2 and D₂. D3 denotes a resolution defined as follows: D3=P₂*k. Optionally, D₃=D₂.

Reference is now also made to FIG. 3 which is a flowchart of a process for converting an interlaced composite image having a first pitch to another interlaced composite image having a second pitch, according to some embodiments of the present invention. Optionally, the received image comprises a plurality of strips each having a number of columns corresponding to different views. By deinterlacing the received interlaced composite image, it is possible to extract these views. FIG. 4 depicts as an exemplary interlaced . image embedding five views, where each strip contains five columns where each column corresponding to one of the five views. First, as shown at 301, / is deinterlaced to extract a plurality of views denoted herein as Vo, ..., V_k-i where each view V, has a resolution Di/k X(Di)_, where X denotes a horizontal X vertical resolution, and may be computed as follows:

Equation 4: V_j(x,y) = I(x*k+j,y)

where 6></<&.

Now, as shown at 302, the views are resampled to create views of resolution D3/kX(D₃)_> denoted herein Uo,.., U_k-i- The resampling is optionally performed as follows:

Equation 5:

where when the coordinates of V_j are non-integer, interpolation may be used, such as bilinear, nearest neighbor or bicubic interpolation.

If A; is a non integer, image / may be sampled (resampled) to a resolution of k *Pi where ki denotes an integer number, for example by a rounding up of k, as follows: &;=ce /Y&)and using bilinear interpolation. As reflected from Equation 5 , if Pi is significantly higher than P₂, the quality of the lenticular article that is generated from image / may be increased (in relation to a lenticular article that is generated with image I) as more information is preserved following the resampling of the views. This allows, as shown at 303, to create an interlaced image J, referred to herein as a reinterlaced image, by interlacing columns from views Uo,...,U_k-i , for example, as follows:

Equation 6:

Optionally, as shown at 304, the interlaced image J is deinterlaced and resampled to acquire a second reinterlaced image. This additional resampling may be performed when D₂≠ D3. Now, as shown at 305, the reinterlaced interlaced composite image is outputted. Blocks 301-304 are based on the assumption that k=DilPi is an integer number. It should be noted that the process 300 depicted in FIG. 3 is optional and other processes may be used. For example, an implementation that is mathematically equivalent to the process 300 above can be performed without creating views £/ø,.., Uk-i, by creating each time few rows or row parts of these views, and resampling them to compute corresponding rows or rows parts in interlaced image J. The resampling procedure follows Equations 4-6.

Reference is now made, once again, to FIG. 2. Block 203 outputs a converted interlaced composite image, optionally reinterlaced, with a pitch that is adapted to the optical pitch of the target lenticular lens sheet. This allows, as shown at 204, generating one or more lenticular imaging articles which comprises the converted interlaced composite image viewable thorough the target lenticular lens sheet.

The system 100 allows providing a lenticular printing service to request from any of a plurality of customers, such as 110, which input interlaced composite images having one of a set of predefined pitch values as opposed to require the input of an interlaced image that matches the exact pitch of the lenticules of the target lenticular lens sheet of the generated lenticular article. In such a manner, the system 100 has a workflow that is less dependent on production variability.

It is expected that during the life of a patent maturing from this application many relevant systems and methods will be developed and the scope of the term a lenticular lens sheet, an interlaced composite image, and a computing unit is intended to include all such new technologies a priori.

As used herein the term "about" refers to ± 10 %.

The terms "comprises", "comprising", "includes", "including", "having" and their conjugates mean "including but not limited to". This term encompasses the terms "consisting of" and "consisting essentially of".

The phrase "consisting essentially of" means that the composition or method may include additional ingredients and/or steps, but only if the additional ingredients and/or steps do not materially alter the basic and novel characteristics of the claimed composition or method. As used herein, the singular form "a", "an" and "the" include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. For example, the term "a compound" or "at least one compound" may include a plurality of compounds, including mixtures thereof.

The word "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance or illustration". Any embodiment described as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments and/or to exclude the incorporation of features from other embodiments.

The word "optionally" is used herein to mean "is provided in some embodiments and not provided in other embodiments". Any particular embodiment of the invention may include a plurality of "optional" features unless such features conflict.

Throughout this application, various embodiments of this invention may be presented in a range format. It should be understood that the description in range format is merely for convenience and brevity and should not be construed as an inflexible limitation on the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the description of a range should be considered to have specifically disclosed all the possible subranges as well as individual numerical values within that range. For example, description of a range such as from 1 to 6 should be considered to have specifically disclosed subranges such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6 etc., as well as individual numbers within that range, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. This applies regardless of the breadth of the range.

Whenever a numerical range is indicated herein, it is meant to include any cited numeral (fractional or integral) within the indicated range. The phrases "ranging/ranges between" a first indicate number and a second indicate number and "ranging/ranges from" a first indicate number "to" a second indicate number are used herein interchangeably and are meant to include the first and second indicated numbers and all the fractional and integral numerals therebetween.

It is appreciated that certain features of the invention, which are, for clarity, described in the context of separate embodiments, may also be provided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features of the invention, which are, for brevity, described in. the context of a single embodiment, may also be provided separately or in any suitable subcombination or as suitable in any other described embodiment of the invention. Certain features described in the context of various embodiments are not to be considered essential features of those embodiments, unless the embodiment is inoperative without those elements.

Although the invention has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations that fall within the spirit and broad scope of the appended claims.

All publications, patents and patent applications mentioned in this specification are herein incorporated in their entirety by reference into the specification, to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated herein by reference. In addition, citation or identification of any reference in this application shall not be construed as an admission that such reference is available as prior art to the present invention. To the extent that section headings are used, they should not be construed as necessarily limiting.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

\. A method of generating a lenticular imaging article, comprising:

receiving an interlaced composite image having a first pitch;

providing a second pitch set to match a optical pitch of a lenticular lens sheet; converting said interlaced composite image to form a converted interlaced composite image having said second pitch; and

generating a lenticular imaging article having said converted interlaced composite image viewable thorough said lenticular lens sheet.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said first pitch is at least 20% higher than said optical pitch.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein said interlaced composite image is generated in a first network node and transmitted via a network; said converting is performed in a second network node.

4. The method of claim 3, further comprising aligning said interlaced composite image at said second network node.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein said aligning comprises:

deinterlacing said interlaced composite image to form a plurality of views, and computing a shift to said interlaced composite image accordmg to said plurality of views.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein said aligning comprises displaying said plurality of views in their order to allow an operator to visually confirm said order.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein said converting comprises:

deinterlacing said interlaced composite image to form a plurality of views, generating a plurality of samples of said plurality of views, and

interlacing said plurality of samples.

8. The method of claim 3, wherein said second network node is a web server providing a lenticular printing service to a plurality of client terminals said interlaced composite image is originated from one of said plurality of client terminals.

9. The method of claim 3, wherein said interlaced composite image is not aligned by said first network node.

10. An apparatus of generating a lenticular imaging article, comprising:

a receiving module which receives, via a network, an interlaced composite image having a first pitch, said interlaced composite image being provided from a remote client terminal connected to said network;

a conversion module which converts said interlaced composite image to form a converted interlaced composite image having a second pitch set according to a optical pitch of a lenticular lens sheet; and

a lenticular imaging article generation unit which generates a lenticular imaging article having said converted interlaced composite image viewable thorough said lenticular lens sheet.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein said interlaced composite image is not aligned by said remote client terminal.

12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein said conversion module is set to align said interlaced composite image for the conversion thereof.

13. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein said first pitch is at least 20% higher than said optical pitch.