WO2011084948A2 - Ultrasonic flow meter, transducer assembly, and methods of manufacturing the same - Google Patents
Ultrasonic flow meter, transducer assembly, and methods of manufacturing the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011084948A2 WO2011084948A2 PCT/US2011/020109 US2011020109W WO2011084948A2 WO 2011084948 A2 WO2011084948 A2 WO 2011084948A2 US 2011020109 W US2011020109 W US 2011020109W WO 2011084948 A2 WO2011084948 A2 WO 2011084948A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- piezoelectric element
- housing
- spacers
- transducer assembly
- piezoelectric
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/66—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by measuring frequency, phase shift or propagation time of electromagnetic or other waves, e.g. using ultrasonic flowmeters
- G01F1/667—Arrangements of transducers for ultrasonic flowmeters; Circuits for operating ultrasonic flowmeters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/66—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by measuring frequency, phase shift or propagation time of electromagnetic or other waves, e.g. using ultrasonic flowmeters
- G01F1/662—Constructional details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/80—Constructional details
- H10N30/88—Mounts; Supports; Enclosures; Casings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/42—Piezoelectric device making
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49005—Acoustic transducer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
Definitions
- An ultrasonic flow meter includes two or more transducer assemblies, each secured inside of a port in the body, or spool piece, of the flow meter. To contain the transported fluid within the flow meter, an end connector is secured over the exterior end of each transducer port in the spool piece. Thus, the spool piece and end connectors create a pressure boundary that contains fluid flowing through the meter.
- Each transducer assembly includes a piezoelectric element.
- the piezoelectric element When an alternating current is applied to the piezoelectric element of the first transducer assembly, the piezoelectric element responds by radiating an ultrasonic wave in the fluid being transported through the flow meter.
- the second transducer assembly When the wave is incident upon the piezoelectric element of the second transducer assembly, the second transducer assembly responds by generating an electric signal. Some time later, an alternating current is applied to the piezoelectric element of the second transducer assembly, and the piezoelectric element responds by radiating an ultrasonic wave through the fluid in the flow meter. When the wave is incident upon the piezoelectric element of the first transducer assembly, the first transducer assembly responds by generating an electric signal. In this way, the transducer assemblies transmit and receive signals back-and-forth across the fluid stream.
- the piezoelectric element is positioned in one end of the transducer assembly proximal the fluid stream flowing through the spool piece.
- the piezoelectric element is positioned in a housing and surrounded by a matching layer that provides acoustical coupling between the piezoelectric element and fluid flowing through the spool piece.
- the piezoelectric element is radially centered in the housing and the thickness of the matching layer between the piezoelectric element and the end of the transducer assembly in the fluid flow is carefully controlled.
- radially centering the piezoelectric element insures that the ultrasonic wave is symmetrical about the transducer center which improves flow measurement accuracy because dimensional measurements of the port position in the meter bore typically assumes that the ultrasonic wave is in the center of the port hole. Further, radially centering the piezoelectric element eliminates concerns with the rotational orientation of the transducer in the port.
- the piezoelectric element is typically positioned and held at the desired in the housing with a positioning tool. While holding the piezoelectric element at the desired location within the housing with the positioning tool, a first matching layer fill is disposed in the housing around a portion of the piezoelectric element. Without interfering with the matching layer, the positioning tool continues to hold the piezoelectric element in the desired position as the first matching layer fill solidifies and cures. Once the first matching layer fill has sufficiently hardened, it helps hold the piezoelectric element in place, and thus, the positioning tool may be removed before a second matching layer fill is disposed in the housing around the remainder of the piezoelectric element.
- the proper positioning of the piezoelectric element within the housing is achieved with a specialized positioning tool, and further, a relatively labor intensive and time consuming two separate matching layer fill process is employed.
- transducer assemblies having piezoelectric elements properly positioned to optimize the quality of the ultrasonic signals.
- Such transducer assemblies would be particularly well received if their manufacture was relatively simple, low cost, and less time consuming.
- the transducer assembly comprises a piezoelectric capsule.
- the piezoelectric capsule includes a housing having a central axis, a first end, a second end opposite the first end, and a first inner chamber extending axially from the first end.
- the piezoelectric capsule includes a piezoelectric element disposed in the first inner chamber.
- the piezoelectric element includes a plurality of spacers disposed in the first inner chamber between the piezoelectric element and the housing.
- the ultrasonic flow meter comprises a spool piece including a throughbore and a transducer port extending from the outer surface of the spool piece to the throughbore.
- the ultrasonic flow meter comprises a transducer assembly disposed in the transducer port, the transducer assembly has a central axis and comprises a piezoelectric capsule.
- the piezoelectric capsule includes a housing having a first end, a second end, and an inner chamber proximal the first end.
- the piezoelectric capsule includes a piezoelectric element disposed in the inner chamber.
- the piezoelectric capsule includes a plurality of spacers disposed within the inner chamber between the piezoelectric element and the housing.
- the ultrasonic flow meter comprises a transformer capsule including a transformer, wherein the transformer capsule is coupled to the piezoelectric capsule.
- the method comprises providing a piezoelectric housing having a central axis, a first end, a second end opposite the first end, and a first counterbore extending axially from the first end.
- the method comprises inserting a piezoelectric element into the first counterbore.
- the method comprises inserting a plurality of spacers into the first counterbore.
- the method comprises positioning each of the spacers radially between the piezoelectric element and the housing.
- the method comprises filling the first counterbore with a matching layer after positioning each of the spacers.
- Figure 1A is a cross-sectional top view of an embodiment of an ultrasonic flow meter
- Figure 1C is a schematic top view of the flow meter of Figure 1 A;
- Figure 2 is a perspective view of an embodiment of an ultrasonic flow meter
- Figure 4 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional side view of the piezoelectric capsule of the transducer assembly of Figure 3;
- Figure 5 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional top view of the piezoelectric capsule of the transducer assembly of Figure 3;
- Figure 6 is a perspective end view of the piezoelectric capsule of the transducer assembly of Figure 3;
- Figure 7 is a schematic end view of the piezoelectric capsule of the transducer assembly of Figure 3.
- Figure 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional side view of the transformer capsule of Figure 3.
- the terms “including” and “comprising” are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean “including, but not limited to... .”
- the term “couple” or “couples” is intended to mean either an indirect or direct connection. Thus, if a first device couples to a second device, that connection may be through a direct connection, or through an indirect connection via other devices, components, and connections.
- the terms “axial” and “axially” generally mean along or parallel to a central axis (e.g., central axis of a body or a port), while the terms “radial” and “radially” generally mean perpendicular to the central axis. For instance, an axial distance refers to a distance measured along or parallel to the central axis, and a radial distance means a distance measured perpendicular to the central axis.
- FIGS 1 A and IB show an embodiment of an ultrasonic flow meter 10 for purposes of explaining its various components and their relationships.
- Spool piece 11 is suitable for placement between sections of a pipeline.
- Spool piece 11 has a predetermined size and defines a central passage through which a fluid (e.g., gas and/or liquid) flows.
- An illustrative pair of transducers 12 and 13 and their respective housings 14 and 15 are located along the length of spool piece 11.
- Transducers 12 and 13 are acoustic transceivers. More particularly, transducers 12, 13 are ultrasonic transceivers, meaning that they both generate and receive acoustic energy having frequencies of above about 20 kilohertz.
- the length of "chord” 17 is the distance between the face of transducer 12 and the face of transducer 13.
- Points 18 and 19 define the locations where acoustic signals generated by transducers 12, 13 enter and leave fluid flowing through the spool piece 11 (i.e., the entrance to the spool piece bore).
- the position of transducers 12, 13 may be defined by the angle ⁇ , by a first length L measured between transducers 12, 13, a second length X corresponding to the axial distance between points 18, 19, and a third length d corresponding to the pipe inside diameter. In most cases distances d, X, and L are precisely determined during meter fabrication. Further, transducers
- spool piece 12 are usually placed a specific distance from points 18, 19, respectively, regardless of meter size (i.e., spool piece size). Fluid passing through spool piece 11, such as natural gas, flows in a direction 22 with a velocity profile 23. Velocity vectors 24-29 illustrate that the gas velocity through spool piece 11 increases toward the centerline 20.
- the upstream transducer 13 A short time later (e.g., within a few milliseconds), the upstream transducer 13 generates a return acoustic signal that propagates back across the fluid in the spool piece 11, and is then incident upon and detected by the downstream transducer 12. Thus, the transducers 12, 13 play "pitch and catch" with signals 30 along chordal path 17. During operation, this sequence may occur thousands of times per minute.
- the transit time of the acoustic signal 30 between transducers 12, 13 depends in part upon whether the acoustic signal 30 is traveling upstream or downstream with respect to the fluid flow.
- the transit time for an acoustic signal traveling downstream i.e., in the same direction as the fluid flow) is less than its transit time when traveling upstream (i.e., against the fluid flow).
- the upstream and downstream transit times can be used to calculate the average velocity along the signal path, or chordal path 17, and the speed of sound in the measured fluid.
- Ultrasonic flow meters can have one or more acoustic signal paths.
- Figure IB illustrates an elevation view of one end of ultrasonic flow meter 10. As shown, ultrasonic flow meter has four chordal paths A, B, C, D at varying levels within the spool piece 11. Each chordal path A-D extends between a pair of transducers, each transducer behaving alternately as a transmitter and receiver. Hidden from view in Figure IB are the four pairs of transducers that correspond to chordal paths A-D.
- a control electronics package or enclosure 40 is also shown. Electronics package 40 acquires and processes data for the four chordal paths A-D.
- transducer ports 34, 35 (only partially in view) and associated transducers is mounted such that a chordal path extending between the transducers in transducer ports 34, 35 and chordal path 17 between transducers 12, 13 loosely forms the shape of an "X.”
- transducer ports 38, 39 are placed parallel to transducer ports 34, 35 but at a different "level" (i.e., a different radial position in spool piece 11). Not explicitly shown in Figure 1C is a fourth pair of transducers and transducer ports.
- the pairs of transducers are arranged such that the chords paths A, B of the upper two pairs of transducers form an the shape of an "X", and the chordal paths C, D of the lower two pairs of transducers corresponding also form the shape of an "X.”
- the flow velocity of the fluid may be determined at each chord A-D to obtain chordal flow velocities, and the chordal flow velocities then combined to determine an average flow velocity through spool piece 11. From the average flow velocity, the amount of fluid flowing through the spool piece 11, and thus the pipeline, may be determined.
- Spool piece 105 is the housing for ultrasonic flow meter 100 and configured for placement between sections of a pipeline.
- Spool piece 105 has a central axis 110 and includes a first or inlet end 105a, a second end or outlet end 105b, a fluid flow passage or throughbore 130 extending between ends 105a, 105b, and a plurality of transducer ports 165 extending from the outer surface of spool piece 105 to throughbore 130.
- ends 105a, b each include a flange that axially couples spool piece 105 end-to-end between individual pipe segments of a pipeline.
- a horizontal reference plane 111 passes through central axis 110 and generally divides spool piece 105 into upper and lower halves 105c, d, respectively.
- spool piece 105 also includes a plurality of transducer cable bosses - extending generally vertically along its outer circumference.
- Each boss 135 is positioned such that it intersects the radially outer (relative to axis 110) ends 165b of two vertically spaced transducer ports 165.
- Each cable 125 extends from one of the transducer assemblies 200 installed one port 165 along one of the bosses 135 to the electronics package 108.
- two cables 125 extend vertically within each boss 135.
- each transducer port 165 has a central axis 166 and extends through spool piece 105 from a radially inner (relative to central axis 110 of Fig. 2) or first end 165a at throughbore 130 to a radially outer (relative to central axis 110) or second end 165b at the outer surface of the spool piece 105.
- each transducer port 165 is generally horizontal, hi other words, central axis 166 of each transducer port 165 lies in a plane generally parallel to reference plane 111 (Fig. 2).
- central axis 166 of each transducer port 165 may not necessarily intersect central axis 110 of spool piece 105, for purposes of simplicity, the radial positions of various features and components may be described relative to axis 110, it being generally understood that “radially inner” (relative to central axis 110) refers to positions generally proximal axis 110 and bore 130 and “radially outer” (relative to central axis 110) refers to positions generally distal axis 110 and bore 130.
- each transducer port 165 includes an annular shoulder 167 between ends 165a, b and internal threads 169 positioned axially (relative to central axis 166) between shoulder 167 and first end 165a.
- shoulder 167 aids in positioning transducer assembly 200 within port 165, and threads 169 engage mating tlireads on transducer assembly 200, thereby threadingly coupling transducer assembly 200 within port 165 to spool piece 105.
- transducer assembly 200 includes a piezoelectric capsule 210 and a transformer capsule 250 including a terminal block 258.
- spacers 230 are axially inserted into counterbore 213 between piezoelectric element 212 and housing 211.
- spacers 230 are radially disposed between piezoelectric element 212 and housing 211, with each pair of circumferentially adjacent spacers 230 and angularly spaced less than 180° apart about axis 215.
- the spacers e.g., spacers 230
- the spacers are preferably uniformly circumferentially spaced about the piezoelectric element (e.g., piezoelectric element 212).
- spacers 230 maintain the radial and axial position of piezoelectric element 212 within counterbore 213.
- Housing 251 includes an inner chamber 259 defined by a throughbore 254 extending axially (relative to axis 205) between ends 251a, b and two circumferentially spaced (relative to axis 205) radially outward extending pins 257 proximate end 251b, which enable coupling of port cover assembly 300 to transformer capsule 250.
- electrical couplings 235 are disposed in throughbores 236 of housing 21 1 and extend between piezoelectric capsule 210 and transformer capsule 250. Ends 235a, b of each coax couplings 235 engage and mate with female plug sockets 216, 253, respectively, thereby electrically coupling piezoelectric capsule 210 and transformer capsule 250.
- first end 250a of transformer capsule 250, with cable 125 and port cover assembly 900 coupled thereto, is inserted into counterbore 217 of piezoelectric capsule 210 to shoulder transformer capsule 250 against piezoelectric capsule 210 with ends 235b of male connectors 235 received witliin female plug sockets 253.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201180008174.7A CN102741666B (en) | 2010-01-06 | 2011-01-04 | Ultrasonic flow meter, transducer assembly, and methods of manufacturing the same |
CA2786401A CA2786401C (en) | 2010-01-06 | 2011-01-04 | Ultrasonic flow meter, transducer assembly, and methods of manufacturing the same |
EP11732048.1A EP2521898B1 (en) | 2010-01-06 | 2011-01-04 | Ultrasonic flow meter, transducer assembly, and methods of manufacturing the same |
MX2012007921A MX2012007921A (en) | 2010-01-06 | 2011-01-04 | Ultrasonic flow meter, transducer assembly, and methods of manufacturing the same. |
RU2012128112/28A RU2532651C2 (en) | 2010-01-06 | 2011-01-04 | Ultrasonic flow meter, converter unit and methods for their manufacture |
BR112012016651A BR112012016651B8 (en) | 2010-01-06 | 2011-01-04 | TRANSDUCER ASSEMBLY, ULTRASONIC FLOW METER, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING AN ULTRASONIC FLOW METER |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/683,044 US8181534B2 (en) | 2010-01-06 | 2010-01-06 | Ultrasonic flow meter with transducer assembly, and method of manufacturing the same while maintaining the radial position of the piezoelectric element |
US12/683,044 | 2010-01-06 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2011084948A2 true WO2011084948A2 (en) | 2011-07-14 |
WO2011084948A3 WO2011084948A3 (en) | 2011-10-06 |
WO2011084948A4 WO2011084948A4 (en) | 2011-12-08 |
Family
ID=44223912
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2011/020109 WO2011084948A2 (en) | 2010-01-06 | 2011-01-04 | Ultrasonic flow meter, transducer assembly, and methods of manufacturing the same |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8181534B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2521898B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102741666B (en) |
BR (1) | BR112012016651B8 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2786401C (en) |
MX (1) | MX2012007921A (en) |
RU (1) | RU2532651C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011084948A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US8186229B2 (en) * | 2010-01-06 | 2012-05-29 | Daniel Measurement And Control, Inc. | Ultrasonic flow meter having a port cover assembly |
US8181533B2 (en) * | 2010-01-06 | 2012-05-22 | Daniel Measurement And Control, Inc. | Ultrasonic flow meter and transducer assembly with isolated transformer capsule |
US8132469B2 (en) * | 2010-01-06 | 2012-03-13 | Daniel Measurement And Control, Inc. | Ultrasonic flow meter with transducer assembly having a rotatable receptacle and elbow connector |
US8181534B2 (en) * | 2010-01-06 | 2012-05-22 | Daniel Measurement And Control, Inc. | Ultrasonic flow meter with transducer assembly, and method of manufacturing the same while maintaining the radial position of the piezoelectric element |
RU2575976C2 (en) | 2011-04-01 | 2016-02-27 | ДЭНИЕЛ МЕЖЕМЕНТ энд КОНТРОЛ, ИНК. | Ultrasonic flow meter with cable jacket (versions) |
US8621936B2 (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2014-01-07 | General Electric Company | Flow cell for a flow meter |
EP2802846A4 (en) | 2012-01-12 | 2015-12-02 | Daniel Measurement & Control | Meter having banded shroud |
CN102606135B (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2015-02-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Detecting system for mass and flow of return solid particles in oil drilling shaft and detecting method |
EP2999947B1 (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2018-11-28 | Endress+Hauser Flowtec AG | Ultrasonic flowmeter with two ultrasonic transducer mounting assemblies |
US9711709B2 (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2017-07-18 | General Electric Company | Transducer systems |
US9255828B2 (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2016-02-09 | Daniel Measurement And Control, Inc. | Transducer cable assembly and flow meter employing same |
US9404782B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2016-08-02 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Use of transducers with a piezo ceramic array to improve the accuracy of ultra sonic meters |
US9671270B2 (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2017-06-06 | Daniel Measurement And Control, Inc. | Flow meter having electronic mount bracket assembly |
DE102016105338B4 (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2022-01-05 | Endress+Hauser Flowtec Ag | Ultrasonic transducer for use in an ultrasonic flow meter or in an ultrasonic level meter |
EP3376177B1 (en) | 2017-03-14 | 2019-11-20 | Endress + Hauser Flowtec AG | Ultrasonic flowmeter |
EP3376178A1 (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2018-09-19 | Endress + Hauser Flowtec AG | Ultrasonic flowmeter |
US11422014B2 (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2022-08-23 | Gwf Messsysteme Ag | Flow meter having a measuring channel formed by a hydroforming process |
CN107356299A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2017-11-17 | 上海诺仪表有限公司 | A kind of ultrasonic flowmeter |
CN107356300A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2017-11-17 | 上海诺仪表有限公司 | A kind of ultrasonic flowmeter |
EP3717873B1 (en) * | 2017-12-03 | 2024-05-22 | Eugene Fourie | A flowmeter |
MX2020007983A (en) | 2018-02-01 | 2020-10-16 | Reliance Worldwide Corp | Flow tube for hosting a flow meter and a shut-off valve. |
WO2019152041A1 (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2019-08-08 | Reliance Worldwide Corporation | Sensor mount |
EP4081764A1 (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2022-11-02 | Belimo Holding AG | System and method for measuring a flow of gas through a channel |
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US8181533B2 (en) * | 2010-01-06 | 2012-05-22 | Daniel Measurement And Control, Inc. | Ultrasonic flow meter and transducer assembly with isolated transformer capsule |
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-
2010
- 2010-01-06 US US12/683,044 patent/US8181534B2/en active Active
-
2011
- 2011-01-04 EP EP11732048.1A patent/EP2521898B1/en active Active
- 2011-01-04 CA CA2786401A patent/CA2786401C/en active Active
- 2011-01-04 RU RU2012128112/28A patent/RU2532651C2/en active
- 2011-01-04 MX MX2012007921A patent/MX2012007921A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2011-01-04 CN CN201180008174.7A patent/CN102741666B/en active Active
- 2011-01-04 BR BR112012016651A patent/BR112012016651B8/en active IP Right Grant
- 2011-01-04 WO PCT/US2011/020109 patent/WO2011084948A2/en active Application Filing
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US4130624A (en) | 1977-11-03 | 1978-12-19 | Ohaus Scale Corporation | Piezo-electric disc mounting methods and apparatus |
DE10084627B4 (en) | 1999-05-24 | 2006-09-21 | Joseph Baumoel | Transducer for the acoustic measurement of a gas flow and its characteristics |
DE10229494A1 (en) | 2002-07-01 | 2004-01-29 | Siemens Ag | Piezo actuator and method for its production |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of EP2521898A4 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2012128112A (en) | 2014-02-20 |
CA2786401C (en) | 2016-03-08 |
BR112012016651B8 (en) | 2022-08-30 |
MX2012007921A (en) | 2012-11-06 |
RU2532651C2 (en) | 2014-11-10 |
WO2011084948A4 (en) | 2011-12-08 |
CN102741666A (en) | 2012-10-17 |
US20110162461A1 (en) | 2011-07-07 |
EP2521898A2 (en) | 2012-11-14 |
EP2521898B1 (en) | 2022-08-31 |
CN102741666B (en) | 2014-10-29 |
WO2011084948A3 (en) | 2011-10-06 |
EP2521898A4 (en) | 2014-07-23 |
US8181534B2 (en) | 2012-05-22 |
CA2786401A1 (en) | 2011-07-14 |
BR112012016651A2 (en) | 2018-05-15 |
BR112012016651B1 (en) | 2020-03-10 |
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