WO2011079529A1 - 交互式网络电视系统的边缘内容传递设备和内容传递网络 - Google Patents

交互式网络电视系统的边缘内容传递设备和内容传递网络 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011079529A1
WO2011079529A1 PCT/CN2010/070003 CN2010070003W WO2011079529A1 WO 2011079529 A1 WO2011079529 A1 WO 2011079529A1 CN 2010070003 W CN2010070003 W CN 2010070003W WO 2011079529 A1 WO2011079529 A1 WO 2011079529A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
content
content delivery
edge
media content
delivery device
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PCT/CN2010/070003
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吕雪花
戴夫·鲁滨逊·塞西尔
基泽尔·安德雷
包红强
Original Assignee
上海贝尔股份有限公司
阿尔卡特朗讯公司
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Application filed by 上海贝尔股份有限公司, 阿尔卡特朗讯公司 filed Critical 上海贝尔股份有限公司
Priority to US13/520,603 priority Critical patent/US20120284759A1/en
Priority to CN2010800604181A priority patent/CN102696234A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2010/070003 priority patent/WO2011079529A1/zh
Priority to KR1020127020405A priority patent/KR101470111B1/ko
Priority to EP10840319.7A priority patent/EP2523454A4/en
Priority to JP2012547423A priority patent/JP2013516854A/ja
Publication of WO2011079529A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011079529A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/173—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/21—Server components or server architectures
    • H04N21/222—Secondary servers, e.g. proxy server, cable television Head-end
    • H04N21/2225—Local VOD servers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/61—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
    • H04L65/611—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio for multicast or broadcast
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/61—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
    • H04L65/612—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio for unicast
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/1097—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network for distributed storage of data in networks, e.g. transport arrangements for network file system [NFS], storage area networks [SAN] or network attached storage [NAS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/231—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion
    • H04N21/23113—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion involving housekeeping operations for stored content, e.g. prioritizing content for deletion because of storage space restrictions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/643—Communication protocols
    • H04N21/64322—IP

Definitions

  • Edge content delivery device and content delivery network for interactive network television system are
  • the present invention relates to an interactive network television (IPTV) system, and in particular to an edge content delivery device in an IPTV system and a content delivery network including such an edge content delivery device.
  • IPTV interactive network television
  • IPTV also known as interactive network television
  • IPTV is an Internet-based multimedia communication technology that utilizes the infrastructure of a broadband network to provide television channels and other multimedia content to end users using a home television or personal computer as a display terminal.
  • the main features of IPTV are interactivity and real-time.
  • an IPTV service provider receives media content from a content provider and stores it in a centralized storage (also referred to as a central storage server), and then, according to certain policies, for example, according to The prevalence of predicted or observed is replicated throughout the system.
  • a centralized storage also referred to as a central storage server
  • the first challenge is to find an IPTV system solution that can be scaled up to a very large scale, for example, to provide IPTV services to more than 10 million users.
  • the second challenge is to find a flexible IPTV system solution that combines the traditional IPTV model with the IPTV "cloud" model.
  • the IPTV "cloud” model means that the IPTV service provider can provide a part of the system platform to third parties. Capabilities, some third-party IPTV services are provided by third parties, such as creating local community video on demand directories.
  • CDN Content Delivery Network
  • the traditional content delivery network is a distributed content distribution network built on an IP network, mainly adopting a central-edge server distribution method.
  • an edge server is set up in a relatively centralized area or network where users access, while the central server stores all of the media content.
  • Central service According to the distributed policy, the device distributes a piece of content to each edge server through the backbone network, and then provides the content to the end user through the edge server. For example, the most popular media content is distributed to the edge server, while the less popular media content remains on the central server. In this way, it is easy to occur in the case where the same media content is stored on multiple edge servers.
  • the global load balancing technology is used to point the user's access to the working edge server closest to the user, and the edge server directly responds to the user's request. If the edge server does not have content that the user wants to access, it automatically grabs the corresponding content from the central server and provides it to the user according to the configuration.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of an existing hierarchical content delivery network, which is documented in the Functional Architecture (version 1.1) document published by the IPTV Open Forum.
  • the IPTV control server is a central server that stores all media content, and CDN1 and CDN2 respectively represent content delivery networks located in different areas.
  • Each content delivery network includes a CDN controller
  • CDNC compact Network Controller
  • CC content controller
  • CDF content delivery function
  • the cluster formed by the content controller and the content delivery function module forms an edge server
  • the content delivery function module controls the content controller
  • the requested media content is played to the end user.
  • the CDN controller in the multi-layered content delivery network provides better system redundancy through a tree topology, when a content delivery network does not contain users who want to access The content of the user is redirected from the CDN controller of the content delivery network to the CDN controller of another content delivery network.
  • this hierarchical content delivery network is not suitable for IPTV systems that can be expanded to a very low cost.
  • media content is distributed from the same central server to multiple edge servers, so the central server is prone to become a transmission bottleneck.
  • this content delivery network is not flexible enough.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above technical problems, and an object thereof is to provide an edge content delivery device and a content delivery network for an interactive network television system, which can solve
  • an edge content delivery device for an interactive network television (IPTV) system
  • the IPTV system includes a central content delivery device and a plurality of edge content delivery devices
  • the edge content delivery device The method includes: a requesting device, configured to request media content from other edge content delivery devices; a receiving device, configured to receive media content distributed by the central content delivery device, receive media content from other edge content delivery devices, and receive the secondary content a media content directly injected by the content source of the provider; a storage device, configured to store the received media content; a control device, configured to manage the stored media content based on a predetermined content management policy; Determining, by the control device, the media content from the storage device; and the streaming device, configured to play the requested media content to the end user according to the indication of the control device, and in response to the other edge content delivery device Request, send The requested edge content delivery device "delivers the requested media content.
  • a content delivery network of an interactive network television (IPTV) system comprising: a central content delivery device; a plurality of the above-described edge content delivery devices; and an IP network; wherein the central content The delivery device distributes the media content to the edge content delivery device via the IP network.
  • IPTV interactive network television
  • 1 is a schematic block diagram of an existing content delivery network
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of an edge content delivery device for an IPTV system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a content delivery network of an IPTV system including the edge content delivery device shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of an edge content delivery device 200 for an IPTV system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • IPTV content delivery is extended to collaborative content delivery and management, and combined with P2P technology to enable content delivery and sharing between edge content delivery devices.
  • an IPTV system has a content injection system, a content management system, a content delivery (distribution) system, a terminal, and the like, wherein the content delivery system includes a central content delivery device, a plurality of edge content delivery devices, and an IP network as a delivery network.
  • the edge content delivery device has been improved.
  • the edge content delivery device 200 of this embodiment includes: a requesting device 201 that requests media content from other edge content delivery devices; and a receiving device 202 that receives media content distributed by the central content delivery device, and receives the content from Other edge content delivery device media content, and receiving media content directly injected from a content provider's content source; storage device 203, which stores the received media content; control device 204, based on a predetermined content management policy, management office The stored media content; the deletion device 205, which deletes the content from the storage device 204 according to the instruction of the control device 204; and the streaming device 206, which plays the requested media to the end user according to the instruction of the control device 204.
  • Content and in response to a request from other edge content delivery devices, deliver the requested media content to the requesting edge content delivery.
  • the requesting device 201 requests the required media content from other edge content delivery devices in the IPTV system by transmitting a request message.
  • Receiving device 202 can receive media content from a central content delivery device.
  • the media content includes a real-time television channel program and video-on-demand content, wherein the real-time electric video
  • the channel program can be played to the end user by means of live broadcast or time-shift broadcast, and the video on demand content is played according to the on-demand of the end user.
  • the central content delivery device distributes the media content to each of the edge content delivery devices in accordance with a certain content management policy.
  • the edge content delivery device 200 requests the media content to be sent to the edge content delivery device by the requesting device 201
  • the receiving device 202 also receives the media content delivered by the edge content delivery device in response to the request.
  • the receiving device 202 can also be used to receive the media content directly from the content source of the provider.
  • the content provider can be a television media (TV station), a film and television production company, a news media agency, a distance education institution, a game producer, and the like.
  • the edge content delivery device 200 can autonomously select the desired media content, such as content with high local popularity or local media content, without going through the central content delivery device, and the media content does not need to be in the central content delivery device. Stored on top, thereby mitigating the load on the central content delivery device.
  • the received media content described above will be stored in storage device 203.
  • the storage device 203 stores the media content and other edges distributed by the central content delivery device.
  • the storage device 203 further includes: a channel content storage 2031 storing the received real-time television channel program according to the type of the stored media content. Used for live or time-shifted playback; and on-demand memory 2032, which stores the received video-on-demand content.
  • the control device 204 manages the media content obtained by the edge content delivery device 200 in accordance with a predetermined content management policy.
  • Content management policies can include, but are not limited to, the following strategies:
  • control device 204 may determine whether the media content stored in the storage device 203 can be deleted according to a predetermined deletion rule, where the deletion rule may include, but is not limited to: 1) judging whether the media content is unique in the entire IPTV system, if it is unique, it is determined that the media content cannot be deleted; otherwise, the following judgment is continued;
  • the popularity of the media content can generally be determined by the number of views of the media content, of course, one of ordinary skill in the art Easy to understand, other indicators can also be used to indicate popularity;
  • the content management policy can be centrally stored in the central content delivery device and can be accessed by the edge content delivery device 200.
  • the content management policy may also be stored in the storage device 203, wherein the content management policy is attached to the media content as metadata of the media content.
  • the deletion device 205 can be instructed to delete the corresponding media content from the storage device 203. By periodically deleting the media content that satisfies certain conditions from the storage device 203, the storage space can be effectively saved.
  • the streaming media device 206 as a device for providing media content, can play the requested media content to the end user according to the instruction of the control device 204, which is the same as the function of the streaming media server in the existing content delivery network, and the corresponding description is omitted here. instruction of.
  • media content is allowed to be transferred between different edge content delivery devices, and therefore, when other edge content delivery devices send a request for media content to the edge content delivery device 200 of the present embodiment, the response
  • the streaming device 206 under the control of the control device 204, delivers the requested media content to the requesting edge content delivery, thereby enabling sharing of media content between different edge content delivery devices.
  • the edge content delivery device 200 may further include: a marking device (not shown in the figure) Out), which tags the received media content directly injected from the content source to indicate that the media content is received locally and applies a corresponding content management policy.
  • marking the media content includes: adding a flag to the media content and/or adding an expiration time stamp.
  • the edge content delivery device 200 of the present embodiment can become a content source for content distribution by receiving media content directly injected from a content provider and transferring the media content with other edge content delivery devices, and The media content can be obtained from other edge content delivery devices other than the central content delivery device, thereby alleviating the burden on the central content delivery device to store all of the media content to some extent.
  • Fig. 3 schematically shows an example of a content delivery system of an IPTV system including the edge content delivery device 200 shown in Fig. 2.
  • the details will be described below in conjunction with the drawings, and the same portions as those of the previous embodiment will be appropriately omitted.
  • the content delivery system includes a central content delivery device 301, two branch content delivery devices 302, 303, and four edge content delivery devices 304, 305, 306, 307, which form a tree structure, wherein
  • the central content delivery device 301 is connected to the branch content delivery devices 302, 303 through an IP network
  • the branch content delivery device 302 is respectively connected to the edge content delivery devices 304, 305 via an IP network
  • the branch content delivery device 303 separately and the edge content through the IP network.
  • Delivery devices 306, 307 are connected.
  • the central content delivery device, the branch content delivery device, and the edge content delivery device can be located in different regions.
  • the edge content delivery devices 304, 305, 306, and 307 employ the structure of the edge content delivery device shown in Fig. 2.
  • the central content delivery device 301 distributes the media content to the respective edge servers via the branch content delivery devices 302, 303 according to a certain policy.
  • This content distribution mechanism is the same as the traditional content distribution mechanism.
  • Each of the edge content delivery devices can directly inject the media content.
  • the edge content delivery device 304 only injects the television program, and the edge content delivery device 305 injects only the video on demand content and the like.
  • the edge content delivery device can directly access the media content bypassing the central content delivery device, and the injected media content need not be stored on the central content delivery device.
  • the central content delivery device can grab media content from the edge content delivery device as needed. Additionally, media content can be delivered between the various edge content delivery devices to enable content sharing.
  • edge content delivery device 306 wants to retrieve the media content from the edge content delivery device 305, it sends a request to the edge content delivery device 305, and then the edge content delivery device 305 passes the requested media content to the request in response to the request.
  • the content delivery system shown in FIG. 3 is a distributed content delivery network.
  • the media content is distributed over the entire network, and is not concentrated on the central content delivery device, thereby reducing central content delivery.
  • the burden of the device, and the flexibility of the distribution of media content can be in the horizontal (between the edge content delivery devices) and the vertical (from the central content delivery device to the edge content delivery device and from the edge content delivery device to the central content delivery device) Distribute content. Since the media content can be directly injected into the edge content delivery device, the ultra-large-scale deployment of the IPTV system and the "IPTV cloud" model can be realized.
  • edge content delivery device of the above embodiments and its components may be comprised of semiconductors such as very large scale integrated circuits or gate arrays, such as logic chips, transistors, etc., or such as field programmable gate arrays, programmable logic devices, and the like.
  • the hardware circuit implementation of the programming hardware device can also be implemented by software executed by various types of processors, or by a combination of the above hardware circuits and software.
  • edge content delivery device and the content delivery system of the present invention have been described in detail above by way of some exemplary embodiments, the above embodiments are not exhaustive, and those skilled in the art can implement each within the spirit and scope of the present invention. Changes and modifications. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the embodiments, and the scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于交互式网络电视（IPTV）系统的边缘内容传递设备以及相应的内容传递系统，其中，该边缘内容传递设备包括：请求装置，用于向其它边缘内容传递设备请求媒体内容；接收装置，用于接收所述中心内容传递设备所分发的媒体内容，接收来自其它边缘内容传递设备的媒体内容，以及接收从内容提供商的内容源直接注入的媒体内容；存储装置，用于存储所接收的媒体内容；控制装置，用于基于预定的内容管理策略，管理所存储的媒体内容；删除装置，用于根据所述控制装置的指示，从所述存储装置中删除媒体内容；以及流媒体装置，用于根据所述控制装置的指示，向终端用户播放所请求的媒体内容，以及响应于来自其它边缘内容传递设备的请求，向发出请求的边缘内容传递设备传递所请求的媒体内容。

Description

交互式网络电视系统的边缘内容传递设备和内容传递网絡 技术领域
本发明涉及交互式网络电视 ( IPTV )系统， 具体地， 涉及 IPTV系统 中的边缘内容传递设备以及包括这样的边缘内容传递设备的内容传递网 络。 背景技术
当前， IPTV系统已经得到了广泛的商用。 IPTV也称为交互式网络电 视， 是一种基于因特网的多媒体通信技术， 其利用宽带网絡的基础设施， 以家用电视机或个人计算机为显示终端， 向终端用户提供电视频道节目和 其它多媒体内容。 IPTV的主要特点在于交互性和实时性。
在 IPTV系统中， 媒体内容的分发和管理是一项重要的技术。 在传统 的内容分发方法中， IPTV服务提供商从内容提供商接收媒体内容， 并将 其存储在集中式存储器（也称为中心存储服务器） 内， 然后， 媒体内 艮 据某些策略， 例如根据所预测或观察的流行度， 在整个系统中进行复制。
为了使 IPTV系统提供更丰富的服务， 已经开始寻求新的 IPTV解决 方案。 第一个挑战在于寻求一种能够低成本地扩展成超大规模的 IPTV系 统解决方案， 例如， 向超过一千万用户提供 IPTV服务。 第二个挑战在于 寻求一种灵活的能够将传统的 IPTV模型与 IPTV"云"模型相结合的 IPTV 系统解决方案，其中 IPTV "云"模型是指 IPTV服务提供商能够向第三方 提供一部分系统平台能力， 由第三方提供一些地区化的 IPTV服务， 例如 创建本地社区视频点播目录等。
然而， 传统的内容传递网络（ Content Delivery Network, 筒称 CDN ) 并不适合于上述新的挑战。
传统的内容传递网络是构建在 IP网络上的分布式的内容分发网络，主 要采用中心 -边缘的服务器分布方式。通常， 在用户访问相对集中的地区或 网絡中设置边缘服务器， 而中心服务器存储有全部的媒体内容。 中心服务 器根据分发的策略， 通过骨干网向各个边缘服务器分发一部 ^^体内容， 然后通过边缘服务器向终端用户提供。 例如， 将最具流行度的媒体内容分 发到边缘服务器， 而流行度低的媒体内容保留在中心服务器。 这样， 容易 出现在多个边缘服务器上都存储有同一个媒体内容的情形。 当终端用户进 行访问时， 利用全局负载均衡技术将用户的访问指向到距离用户最近的工 作正常的边缘服务器， 由边缘服务器直接响应用户的请求。 如果该边缘服 务器没有用户想要访问的内容， 则它会根据配置自动地向中心服务器抓取 相应的内容并提供给用户。
图 1示出了现有的层级内容传递网络的示意性框图， 其在 IPTV开放 论坛发布的功能性体系结构（1.1版本）文档中记载。 如图 1所示， IPTV 控制服务器是中心服务器， 存储所有的媒体内容， CDN1和 CDN2分别表 示位于不同区域的内容传递网络。 每个内容传递网络包括 CDN控制器
( CDNC )、 内容控制器（CC )和多个内容传递功能（CDF )模块， 其中， 由内容控制器与内容传递功能模块构成的集群形成边缘服务器， 而内容传 递功能模块在内容控制器的控制下， 向终端用户播放所请求的媒体内容。 由图 1可以看出， 多层的多个内容传递网絡中的 CDN控制器通过树状的 网络拓朴， 提供更好的系统冗余能力， 当某个内容传递网络中不包含用户 想要访问的内容时， 将该用户的请求从该内容传递网络的 CDN控制器重 定向到另一个内容传递网絡的 CDN控制器。 在图 1所示的网絡中， 并没 有涉及内容注入和分发机制的问题。
由于所有的媒体内容都存储在中心服务器上， 因此这种层级内容传递 网络并不适合于能够低成本地扩展成超大 莫的 IPTV系统。 在这种内容 传递网絡中， 媒体内容是从同一个中心服务器分发到多个边缘服务器， 这 样， 中心服务器容易成为传输瓶颈。 另外， 对于上述第二个挑战， 这种内 容传递网络也不足够灵活。
另外， 在 IPTV 系统的内容分发 /传递中也引入了对等连接
( eer-to-peer, 简称 P2P )技术， 其允许在对等节点之间直接传递、 交换 或分享内容， 然而， 现有的 P2P的方法适用于在终端用户之间共享内容。 因此， 期望一种能够适合于扩展成超大规模并且能够向第三方提供一 部分系统平台能力以实现 IPTV "云" 模型的内容传递网络解决方案。 发明内容
本发明正是鉴于上述技术问题而提出的， 其目的在于提供一种用于交 互式网络电视系统的边缘内容传递设备以及内容传递网络， 其能够解决
IPTV系统的扩展和 "云" 问题， 并且避免中心服务器的负载过大。
根据本发明的一个方面， 提供一种用于交互式网络电视（IPTV )系统 的边缘内容传递设备， 其中所述 IPTV系统包括中心内容传递设备和多个 边缘内容传递设备， 所述边缘内容传递设备包括： 请求装置， 用于向其它 边缘内容传递设备请求媒体内容； 接收装置， 用于接收所述中心内容传递 设备所分发的媒体内容， 接收来自其它边缘内容传递设备的媒体内容， 以 及接收从内容提供商的内容源直接注入的媒体内容； 存储装置， 用于存储 所接收的媒体内容； 控制装置， 用于基于预定的内容管理策略， 管理所存 储的媒体内容； 删除装置， 用于根据所述控制装置的指示， 从所述存储装 置中删除媒体内容； 以及流媒体装置， 用于根据所述控制装置的指示， 向 终端用户播放所请求的媒体内容， 以及响应于来自其它边缘内容传递设备 的请求， 向发出请求的边缘内容传递设^ "递所请求的媒体内容。
根据本发明的另一个方面， 提供一种交互式网絡电视（IPTV )系统的 内容传递网络， 包括： 中心内容传递设备； 多个上述的边缘内容传递设备； 以及 IP网络； 其中， 所述中心内容传递设备经由所述 IP网络向所述边缘 内容传递设备分发媒体内容。 附图说明
图 1是现有的内容传递网络的示意性框图；
图 2是根据本发明的一个实施例的用于 IPTV系统的边缘内容传递设 备的示意性框图；
图 3是包括图 2所示的边缘内容传递设备的 IPTV系统的内容传递网 絡的一个例子的示意图。 具体实施方式
相信通过以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施例的详细描述， 本发明的 上述和其它目的、 特征和优点将会变得更加明显。
图 2示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的用于 IPTV系统的边缘内容传 递设备 200的示意性框图。 下面结合附图， 对本实施例进行详细的描述。
在本实施例中， 将现有的 IPTV内容传递扩展成协作式的内容传递和 管理， 并且与 P2P技术相结合以实现边缘内容传递设备之间的内容传递和 共享。
一般地， IPTV系统具有内容注入系统、 内容管理系统、 内容传递（分 发） 系统、 终端等， 其中内容传递系统包括中心内容传递设备、 多个边缘 内容传递设备和作为传递网络的 IP网络。在本实施例中，为了解决现有技 术的问题， 对边缘内容传递设备进行了改进。
如图 2所示， 本实施例的边缘内容传递设备 200包括： 请求装置 201， 其向其它边缘内容传递设备请求媒体内容； 接收装置 202, 其接收中心内 容传递设备所分发的媒体内容， 接收来自其它边缘内容传递设备的媒体内 容， 以及接收从内容提供商的内容源直接注入的媒体内容； 存储装置 203， 其存储所接收的媒体内容； 控制装置 204, 其基于预定的内容管理策略， 管理所存储的媒体内容； 删除装置 205， 其根据控制装置 204的指示， 从 存储装置 204中删! ^体内容； 以及流媒体装置 206，其根据控制装置 204 的指示， 向终端用户播放所请求的媒体内容， 以及响应于来自其它边缘内 容传递设备的请求， 向发出请求的边缘内容传递设^ ~递所请求的媒体内 容。
在该边缘内容传递设备 200中， 请求装置 201通过发送请求消息来向 IPTV系统中的其它边缘内容传递设备请求所需要的媒体内容。
接收装置 202可以接收来自中心内容传递设备的媒体内容。 在本实施 例中， 媒体内容包括实时电视频道节目和视频点播内容， 其中实时电视频 道节目可以通过直播或时移播出的方式向终端用户播放， 而视频点播内容 是根据终端用户的点播而进行播放。 中心内容传递设备根据一定的内容管 理策略， 向各个边缘内容传递设备分发媒体内容。 另外， 当边缘内容传递 设备 200通过请求装置 201向某个边缘内容传递设备发送媒体内容的请求 时， 接收装置 202还接收该边缘内容传递设备响应于该请求而传递的媒体 内容。 进一步地， 接收装置 202还可用于直接从内^ ^供商的内容源接收 媒体内容。 内容提供商可以是电视传媒（电视台） 、 影视制片公司、 新闻 媒体机构、 远程教育机构、 游戏生产商等。 这样， 边缘内容传递设备 200 可以自主地选择所希望的媒体内容， 例如在本地流行度高的内容或者本地 的媒体内容， 而无需经过中心内容传递设备， 同时这些媒体内容也无需在 中心内容传递设备上存储， 从而减轻中心内容传递设备的负载。 上述的所 接收的媒体内容将被存储在存储装置 203中。
存储装置 203存储了中心内容传递设备所分发的媒体内容、 其它边缘 地， 存储装置 203根据所存储的媒体内容的类型， 进一步包括： 频道内容 存储器 2031，其存储所接收的实时电视频道节目，以用于直播或时移播放； 以及点播内^ 储器 2032， 其存储所接收的视频点播内容。
控制装置 204根据预定的内容管理策略， 对边缘内容传递设备 200所 获得的媒体内容进行管理。 内容管理策略可以包括但不限于下述策略：
1.允许在边缘内容传递设备 200和其它边缘内容传递设备之间传递媒 体内容， 包括从其它边缘内容传递设备获得媒体内容和向其它边缘内容传 递设备分发媒体内容；
2.允许中心内容传递设备将边缘内容传递设备 200所直接注入的媒体 内容拉入其存储器内集中存储；
3.允许删除流行度最低的媒体内容或者期满的媒体内容，但如果该媒 体内容在 IPTV系统中是唯一的， 则不删除该媒体内容。
具体地， 控制装置 204可以依据预先确定的删除规则判断在存储装置 203中存储的媒体内容是否可被删除， 其中删除规则可以包括但不限于： 1 ) 判断媒体内容在整个 IPTV系统中是否是唯一的， 如果是唯一的， 则判断为该媒体内容不能删除； 否则， 继续以下的判断；
2 ) 判断媒体内容是否是流行度最低的， 如果是， 则判断为该媒体内 容可被删除； 媒体内容的流行度通常可以通过该媒体内容的观看次数来确 定， 当然， 本领域的普通技术人员容易理解， 也可以采用其它指标来表明 流行度；
3 ) 判断媒体内容是否期满， 如果期满， 则判断为该媒体内容可被删 除； 应当注意， 该规则用于边缘内容传递设备 200在本地所接收的直接来 自内容源的媒体内容。
以上虽然给出了内容管理策略以及有关删除规则的一些例子， 但并不 限于此， 对于本领域的普通技术人员来说， 也可以使用其它的内容管理策 略和删除规则。
在本实施例中，内容管理策略可以被集中存储在中心内容传递设备中， 并能够被边缘内容传递设备 200访问。 可选地， 内容管理策略也可以存储 在存储装置 203中， 其中内容管理策略作为媒体内容的元数据附加在媒体 内容上。
当控制装置 204发现某些媒体内容可被删除时， 可指示删除装置 205 从存储装置 203中删除相应的媒体内容。 通过定期从存储装置 203中删除 满足一定条件的媒体内容， 可以有效地节约存储空间。
流媒体装置 206作为提供媒体内容的装置， 可以根据控制装置 204的 指示， 向终端用户播放所请求的媒体内容， 这与现有的内容传递网络中的 流媒体服务器的功能相同， 在此省略相应的说明。
如上所述， 在内容管理策略中， 允许在不同的边缘内容传递设备之间 传递媒体内容， 因此， 当其它边缘内容传递设备向本实施例的边缘内容传 递设备 200发送媒体内容的请求时， 响应于该请求， 流媒体装置 206在控 制装置 204的控制下， 向该发出请求的边缘内容传递设 递所请求的媒 体内容， 从而实现在不同边缘内容传递设备之间媒体内容的共享。
进一步地， 边缘内容传递设备 200还可以包括： 标记装置（图中未示 出） ， 其对所接收的从内容源直接注入的媒体内容进行标记， 以表明该媒 体内容是在本地接收的并应用相应的内容管理策略。 在本实施例中， 对媒 体内容进行标记包括： 在媒体内容上添加标志和 /或添加期满时间戳。
通过以上描述可以看出， 本实施例的边缘内容传递设备 200通过接收 从内容提供商直接注入的媒体内容， 并与其它边缘内容传递设备之间传递 媒体内容， 能够成为内容分发的内容源， 并且能够从除了中心内容传递设 备之外的其它边缘内容传递设备获得媒体内容， 从而在一定程度上减轻中 心内容传递设备存储所有媒体内容的负担。
图 3示意性地示出了包括图 2所示的边缘内容传递设备 200的 IPTV 系统的内容传递系统的一个例子。 下面结合附图进行详细描述， 其中与前 面实施例相同的部分， 适当省略其说明。
如图 3所示，该内容传递系统包括一个中心内容传递设备 301、 2个分 支内容传递设备 302、 303以及 4个边缘内容传递设备 304、 305、 306、 307, 它们形成一个树形结构，其中， 中心内容传递设备 301通过 IP网絡与分支 内容传递设备 302、 303相连， 分支内容传递设备 302通过 IP网络分别与 边缘内容传递设备 304、 305相连， 分支内容传递设备 303通过 IP网络分 别与边缘内容传递设备 306、 307相连。 另外， 中心内容传递设备、 分支内 容传递设备和边缘内容传递设备可以位于不同的区域。
在图 3所示的内容传递系统中， 边缘内容传递设备 304、 305、 306和 307采用如图 2所示的边缘内容传递设备的结构。
中心内容传递设备 301根据一定的策略， 将媒体内容经由分支内容传 递设备 302、 303向各个边缘服务器分发。这种内容分发机制与传统的内容 分发机制是相同的。
各个边缘内容传递设备可以直接注入媒体内容， 例如， 边缘内容传递 设备 304只注入电视台节目， 边缘内容传递设备 305只注入视频点播内容 等。 这样， 边缘内容传递设备可以绕过中心内容传递设备而直接获取媒体 内容， 并且所注入的媒体内容无需存储在中心内容传递设备上。 当然， 中 心内容传递设备可以根据需要， 从边缘内容传递设备中抓取媒体内容。 另外， 在各个边缘内容传递设备之间可以传递媒体内容以实现内容共 享。 例如， 当边缘内容传递设备 306想从边缘内容传递设备 305中获取媒 体内容时， 其向边缘内容传递设备 305发送请求， 然后边缘内容传递设备 305响应于该请求， 将所请求的媒体内容传递给边缘内容传递设备 306。
图 3所示的内容传递系统是分散式内容传递网絡， 与传统的集中式内 容传递网絡相比， 媒体内容分布在整个网络上， 而并不集中在中心内容传 递设备上， 从而减轻中心内容传递设备的负担， 并且使媒体内容的分发更 灵活， 可以在横向 （边缘内容传递设备之间）和纵向 （从中心内容传递设 备到边缘内容传递设备以及从边缘内容传递设备到中心内容传递设备 )上 进行内容的分发。 由于能够直接向边缘内容传递设备注入媒体内容， 因此， 能够实现 IPTV系统的超大规模部署以及 "IPTV云" 模型。
应当指出， 上述实施例的边缘内容传递设备及其组成部分可以由诸如 超大规模集成电路或门阵列、 诸如逻辑芯片、 晶体管等的半导体、 或者诸 如现场可编程门阵列、 可编程逻辑设备等的可编程硬件设备的硬件电路实 现， 也可以用由各种类型的处理器执行的软件实现， 也可以由上述硬件电 路和软件的结合实现。
以上虽然通过一些示例性的实施例详细描述了本发明的边缘内容传递 设备及内容传递系统， 但是以上这些实施例并不是穷举的， 本领域技术人 员可以在本发明的精神和范围内实现各种变化和修改。 因此， 本发明并不 限于这些实施例， 本发明的范围仅由所附的权利要求限定。

Claims

权利要求
1. 一种用于交互式网络电视（IPTV ) 系统的边缘内容传递设备， 其 中所述 IPTV系统包括中心内容传递设备和多个边缘内容传递设备， 所述 边缘内容传递设备包括：
请求装置， 用于向其它边缘内容传递设备请求媒体内容；
接收装置， 用于接收所述中心内容传递设备所分发的媒体内容， 接收 来自其它边缘内容传递设备的媒体内容， 以及接收从内 ^^供商的内容源 直接注入的媒体内容；
存储装置， 用于存储所接收的媒体内容；
控制装置， 用于基于预定的内容管理策略， 管理所存储的媒体内容； 删除装置， 用于根据所述控制装置的指示， 从所述存储装置中删除媒 体内容； 以及
流媒体装置， 用于根据所述控制装置的指示， 向终端用户播放所请求 的媒体内容， 以及响应于来自其它边缘内容传递设备的请求， 向发出请求 的边缘内容传递设^ "递所请求的媒体内容。
2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的边缘内容传递设备， 还包括： 标记装置， 用于对所接收的从内容源直接注入的媒体内容进行标记。
3. 根据权利要求 1 所述的边缘内容传递设备， 其中， 所述内容管理 策略存储在所述中心内容传递设备中， 并能够被所述边缘内容传递设备访 问。
4. 根据权利要求 1 所述的边缘内容传递设备， 其中， 所述内容管理 策略与所述媒体内容一起存储在所述存储装置中， 其中所述内容管理策略 作为所述媒体内容的元数据。
5. 根据权利要求 1 所述的边缘内容传递设备， 其中， 所述媒体内容 包括： 实时电视频道节目； 以及视频点播内容。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的边缘内容传递设备， 其中， 所述存储装置 包括：
频道内容存储器， 其存储所述实时电视频道节目， 以用于时移播放； 以及
点播内^ 储器， 其存储所述视频点播内容。
7. 一种交互式网络电视（IPTV ) 系统的内容传递系统， 包括： 中心内容传递设备；
多个如权利要求 1所述的边缘内容传递设备； 以及
IP网络；
其中，所述中心内容传递设备经由所述 IP网絡向所述边缘内容传递设 备分发媒体内容。
8. 根据权利要求 7所述的内容传递系统， 还包括：
多个分支内容传递设备， 其中每一个分支内容传递设备接收所述中心 内容传递设备所分发的媒体内容， 以及向与其相连的所述边缘内容传递设 备分发媒体内容。
PCT/CN2010/070003 2010-01-04 2010-01-04 交互式网络电视系统的边缘内容传递设备和内容传递网络 WO2011079529A1 (zh)

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EP2523454A1 (en) 2012-11-14
KR20120107004A (ko) 2012-09-27
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