WO2011073780A1 - Composition comprenant du carbonate de diethyle derive du bioethanol provenant d'huile vegetale - Google Patents

Composition comprenant du carbonate de diethyle derive du bioethanol provenant d'huile vegetale Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011073780A1
WO2011073780A1 PCT/IB2010/003272 IB2010003272W WO2011073780A1 WO 2011073780 A1 WO2011073780 A1 WO 2011073780A1 IB 2010003272 W IB2010003272 W IB 2010003272W WO 2011073780 A1 WO2011073780 A1 WO 2011073780A1
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Prior art keywords
gas oil
volume
composition
composition according
equal
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PCT/IB2010/003272
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English (en)
Inventor
Marcello Notari
Elena Maria Rebesco
Maria Cristina Savarese
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Eni S.P.A.
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Publication of WO2011073780A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011073780A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
    • C10L1/026—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for compression ignition
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1011—Biomass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
    • C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
    • C10L2200/0461—Fractions defined by their origin
    • C10L2200/0469—Renewables or materials of biological origin
    • C10L2200/0476—Biodiesel, i.e. defined lower alkyl esters of fatty acids first generation biodiesel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
    • C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
    • C10L2200/0461—Fractions defined by their origin
    • C10L2200/0469—Renewables or materials of biological origin
    • C10L2200/0484—Vegetable or animal oils
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
    • Y02P30/20—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas oil composition
  • a gas oil composition comprising diethyl carbonate and hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) .
  • the present invention relates to a gas oil composition
  • a gas oil composition comprising diethyl carbonate obtained from bioethanol and hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) .
  • the above composition can be advantageously used as fuel for diesel engines.
  • FAME fatty acid methyl esters
  • HVO hydrotreated vegetable oils
  • Fatty acid methyl esters can be produced starting from crude vegetable oil (triglycerides) obtained by squeezing the seeds of oleaginous plants such as, for example, rape, palm, soya, sunflower, mustard, and also from other triglyceride sources such as, for example, algae, animal fats, or used or waste vegetable oils, by transesterification in the presence of methanol and of an acid or basic catalyst.
  • crude vegetable oil triglycerides
  • oleaginous plants such as, for example, rape, palm, soya, sunflower, mustard
  • other triglyceride sources such as, for example, algae, animal fats, or used or waste vegetable oils
  • Hydrotreated vegetable oils also known as green diesel, are produced by the hydrogenation/deoxygenation of a material deriving from renewable sources comprising triglycerides and free fatty acids, in the presence of hydrogen and of a catalyst as described, for example, by Holmgren J. et al. in the article "New developments in renewable fuels offer more choices", published in "Hydrocarbon Processing", September 2007, pg. 67-71.
  • the best characteristics of said hydrotreated vegetable oils (HVO) are indicated, with respect to fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) , in particular, in terms of improved oxidative stability and of cold properties.
  • said hydrotreated vegetable oils (HVO) do not have the problem of the higher emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) .
  • hydrotreated vegetable oils HVO
  • HPV hydrotreated vegetable oils
  • PM particulate matter emissions
  • the ignitability of fuels for diesel engines is measured by their ignition delay time, i.e. the period of time necessary in a diesel engine between the start of the injection and the start of the combustion: the cetane number is a measurement of this ignition delay.
  • bioethanol/gas oil blends are also known in the art.
  • bioethanol/gas oil blends have various problems such as, for example, non-homogeneity, a low cetane number, a low flash point.
  • European patent application EP 1,721,954 describes a diesel fuel composition
  • a diesel fuel as base material ethanol in an amount ranging from 5% by weight to 30% by weight with respect to the total amount of said diesel; ethyl nitrite or, alternatively, ethyl nitrate, in an amount ranging from 0.5% by weight to 7% by weight with respect to the total amount of said diesel.
  • Said ethanol is preferably obtained from vegetable material, for example from the fermentation of vegetable substances such as agricultural crops comprising sugar beet and corn. Thanks to the presence of ethyl nitrite or ethyl nitrate, the above diesel composition is said to have an excellent ignitability in spite of the presence of ethanol.
  • Said patent application does not provide data relating to the flash point of the above diesel composition.
  • Miloslaw et al . for example, in the article "The influence of synthetic oxygenates on Euro 4 diesel passenger car exhaust emissions" published in SAE Report 2008-01-2387, indicate, among other things, the results of an experimentation carried out on a Euro 4 motor vehicle according to the NEDC -cycle and according to the FTP- 75 cycle with the use of a gas oil containing 5% by volume of diethyl carbonate with respect to the total volume of the diesel/diethyl carbonate blend, which corresponds to an oxygen content in the blend equal to about 2.4% by weight.
  • Diethyl carbonate is a non-toxic compound, having a density equal to 975 kg/m 3 and an oxygen content equal to 40.7% by weight which, with respect to other oxygenated components for fuels such as, for example, dimethyl carbonate, ethanol, has the advantage of having a more favourable gas oil/water distribution coefficient.
  • a further advantage of diethyl carbonate with respect to other oxygenated components for fuels, for example, methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE) is that if it is accidentally left in the environment, it is slowly transformed, by hydrolytic decomposition, to carbon dioxide and ethanol, which are compounds having a low environmental impact.
  • MTBE methyl-tert-butyl ether
  • the Applicant has observed that the use of hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) in compositions comprising gas oil in high amounts (e.g., higher than or equal to 20% by volume with respect to the total volume of said compositions) can cause various drawbacks.
  • the Applicant has observed that the use of hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) in high amounts can negatively influence the characteristics of the starting gas oil such as, for example, the density and the cetane number.
  • the Applicant has considered the problem of using high amounts (e.g., higher than or equal to 20% by volume with respect to the total volume of said compositions) of hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) in compositions comprising gas oil, avoiding the drawbacks described above.
  • high amounts e.g., higher than or equal to 20% by volume with respect to the total volume of said compositions
  • HVO hydrotreated vegetable oil
  • the Applicant has now found that the addition of said diethyl carbonate, in addition to increasing the percentage of components of a biological origin in said compositions comprising gas oil and hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) in high amounts, is capable of improving some of the characteristics such as, for example, the density and the cetane number. Furthermore, the addition of said diethyl carbonate does not negatively influence the other characteristics of said compositions comprising gas oil and hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) in high amounts, such as, for example, the cold properties such as the cloud point (CP) and the cold filter plugging point (CFPP) . Furthermore, the addition of said diethyl carbonate allows the absence of oxygen in said compositions comprising gas oil and hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) in high amounts, to be compensated, consequently further reducing the particulate matter emissions (PM) .
  • PM particulate matter emissions
  • An object of the present invention therefore relates to a gas oil composition
  • a gas oil composition comprising:
  • diethyl carbonate is obtained from bio- ethanol .
  • any gas oil can be used.
  • said gas oil can be selected either from gas oils which fall within the specifications of gas oil for motor vehicles according to the standard EN 590:2009, or from gas oils which do not fall within these specifications.
  • the gas oil is generally a blend containing aliphatic hydrocarbons such as, for example, paraffins, aromatic hydrocarbons and naphthenes, typically having from 13 to 30 carbon atoms.
  • the distillation temperature of the gas oil generally ranges from 160°C to 380°C.
  • said gas oil can have a density, at 15°C, determined according to the standard EN ISO 3675:1998, ranging from 800 kg/m 3 to 870 kg/m 3 , preferably ranging from 820 kg/m 3 to 850 kg/m 3 .
  • said gas oil can have a flash point, determined according to the standard EN ISO 2719:2002, higher than or equal to 55°C, preferably higher than or equal to 65 °C.
  • said gas oil can have a cetane number, determined according to the standard EN ISO 5165:1998, higher than or equal to 49, preferably higher than or equal to 51.
  • Said diethyl carbonate can be obtained by means of various processes known in the art for the synthesis of diethyl carbonate from ethanol .
  • said diethyl carbonate can be obtained by means of a process which comprises the transesterification of at least one dialkyl carbonate such as, for example, dimethyl carbonate, or at least a cyclic carbonate such as, for example, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, with bioethanol, in the presence of at least one catalyst.
  • Said process is particularly advantageous as it uses non-toxic carbonylating agents (i.e. dialkyl carbonate, or cyclic carbonate) .
  • Said transesterification can be carried out at a temperature ranging from 50°C to 250°C, in the presence of at least one catalyst which can be selected from: inorganic basic compounds such as, for example, hydroxides (e.g., sodium hydroxide), alkoxides (e.g., sodium methoxide) , alkaline metals or compounds of alkaline metals; organic basic compounds such as, for example, triethylamine , triethanolamine, tributylamine ; compounds of tin, titanium, zirconium or thallium; heterogeneous catalysts such as, for example, zeolites, modified zeolites such as, for example, titanium silicalites (e.g., titanium silicalite TS-1 treated with potassium carbonate) ; metal oxides belonging to group IVA and/or to group IVB of the Period Table of Elements, preferably supported on a porous carrier; rare earth oxides.
  • inorganic basic compounds such as, for example, hydroxides (
  • the methanol co-produced can be removed by distillation as an azeotropic mixture with dimethyl carbonate, whereas the diethyl carbonate produced can be recovered by separating it by distillation from the excess of ethanol and from the methyl-ethyl carbonate which is the reaction intermediate.
  • the diethyl carbonate produced can be recovered by separating it by distillation from the excess of bioethanol, from the non-reacted alkylene carbonate and alkylene glycol co- produced.
  • said diethyl carbonate can be obtained by means of a process which comprises the reaction of urea with bioethanol, in the presence of at least one catalyst.
  • This process uses urea as carbonylating agent, which is a non-toxic, inexpensive and easily available product. Furthermore, the possibility of recycling the ammonia co-produced to the production of urea, makes the synthesis process highly sustainable as it uses bioethanol and carbon dioxide.
  • the above process firstly involves the formation of ethyl carbamate which is subsequently converted to diethyl carbonate.
  • Said process which can be either a single-step or a two-step process, can be carried out at temperatures ranging from 100 °C to 270 °C, removing the reaction ammonia, in the presence of at least one catalyst which can be selected from: homogenous catalysts such as, for example, compounds of tin; heterogeneous catalysts such as, for example, metallic oxides, or powder or supported metals; a bifunctional catalytic system, consisting of a Lewis acid and a Lewis base; mineral acids or bases.
  • European patent EP 0061672 and international patent application WO 95/17369 describe synthesis processes of dialkyl carbonates from urea and alcohol carried out, in either a single step or two consecutive steps, in the presence of tin compounds as catalysts such as, for example, dibutyltin oxide, dibutyltin dimethoxide, at a temperature ranging from 120°C to 270°C, removing the reaction ammonia and recovering the product by distillation.
  • tin compounds as catalysts such as, for example, dibutyltin oxide, dibutyltin dimethoxide
  • Both steps are conveniently carried out by removing the reaction ammonia, in the presence of a bifunctional catalytic system, consisting of a Lewis acid, such as diisobutyl aluminium hydride, and of a Lewis base, such as triphenylphosphine , which allows a reduction in the formation of by-products deriving from the decomposition of the alkyl carbamate.
  • a bifunctional catalytic system consisting of a Lewis acid, such as diisobutyl aluminium hydride, and of a Lewis base, such as triphenylphosphine , which allows a reduction in the formation of by-products deriving from the decomposition of the alkyl carbamate.
  • dialkyl carbonate takes place in a reactor equipped with a distillation column, in the presence of at least one tin (IV) alkoxide such as, for example, dibutyltin dimethoxide and of at least one high-boiling solvent containing electron-donor atoms such as, for example, triglime (triethylene glycol dimethylether) .
  • the reaction is carried out at a temperature of about 180 °C and at a pressure of about 0.6 MPa, feeding to the reactor, the urea-alkyl carbamate mixture in alcohol coming from the pre-reactor and removing the dialkyl carbonate at the top.
  • the selectivity to dialkyl carbonate indicated for this process is about 91%-93%.
  • the above process for the synthesis of diethyl carbonate from bioethanol and urea can also be carried out in the presence of heterogeneous catalysts such as, for example, metal oxides, less toxic than organo-tin compounds.
  • heterogeneous catalysts such as, for example, metal oxides, less toxic than organo-tin compounds.
  • said diethyl carbonate can be obtained by means of a process which comprises the oxidative carbonylation of bioethanol with carbon monoxide and oxygen, in the presence of at least one catalyst.
  • Said process is preferably carried out in gas phase using heterogeneous catalysts such as, for example, CuCl 2 /PdCl 2 /AC, containing copper (II) chloride and palladium (II) chloride supported on activated carbon (AC) ; or CuCl 2 /PdCl 2 /AC-KOH, obtained from the previous catalyst by means of subsequent treatment with potassium hydroxide; or CuCl 2 /PdCl 2 /KCl/AC-NaOH, obtained by impregnation of activated carbon with CuCl 2 , PdCl 2 , KC1 and subsequent treatment with sodium hydroxide .
  • heterogeneous catalysts such as, for example, CuCl 2 /PdCl 2 /AC, containing copper (II) chloride and palladium (
  • Said bioethanol can be obtained by fermentation processes from biomasses, that is from agricultural crops rich in carbohydrates and sugars, such as, for example, cereals, sugary coltures, starchy products, vinasses, or mixtures thereof, known in the art.
  • said bioethanol can be obtained by the fermentation of at least one biomass deriving from agricultural crops, such as, for example, corn, sorghum, barley, beet, sugar cane, or mixtures thereof.
  • agricultural crops such as, for example, corn, sorghum, barley, beet, sugar cane, or mixtures thereof.
  • said bioethanol can be obtained by the fermentation of at least one lignocellulosic biomass which can be selected from:
  • Said hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) can be obtained by means of various processes known in the art.
  • said hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) can be obtained by hydrogenation/deoxygenation of a material deriving from renewable sources, such as, for example, soya oil, rape oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, comprising triglycerides and free fatty acids, in the presence of hydrogen and of a catalyst as described, for example, by Holmgren J. et al . in the article "New developments in renewable fuels offer more choices", published in "Hydrocarbon Processing", September 2007, pg. 67-71.
  • renewable sources such as, for example, soya oil, rape oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, comprising triglycerides and free fatty acids
  • the product obtained from the above hydrogenation/deoxygenation, suitably purified can be subjected to a hydrogenation/isomerisation process, which transforms a part of the n-paraffins present in said product into isoparaffins , as described, for example, in European patent application 1,728,844 and in international patent application WO 2008/058664.
  • any hydrotreated vegetable oil can be used.
  • said hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) can have a density, at 15°C, determined according to the standard EN ISO 3675:1998, ranging from 720 kg/m 3 to 820 kg/m 3 , preferably ranging from 750 kg/m 3 to 800 kg/m 3 .
  • said hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) can have a flash point, determined according to the standard EN ISO 2719:2002, higher than or equal to 55°C, preferably higher than or equal to 65°C.
  • composition of gas oil object of the present invention can optionally comprise fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) in an amount lower than or equal to 10% by volume, preferably lower than or equal to 7% by volume, with respect to the total volume of said composition considered equal to 100.
  • FAME fatty acid methyl esters
  • composition of gas oil object of the present invention can optionally comprise conventional additives known in the art such as, for example, flow improvers, lubricity improvers, cetane ' improvers, antifoaming agents, detergents, antioxidants, anticorrosion agents, antistatic additives, dyes, or mixtures thereof.
  • additives if present, are generally present in an amount not higher than 0.3% by volume with respect to the total volume of said composition considered equal to 100.
  • the equipment used for the preparation of diethyl carbonate consisted of a jacketed glass flask, having a volume of 2 litres, heated by circulation in the jacket of oil coming from a thermostatic bath, equipped with a magnetic stirrer, a thermometer and a glass distillation column with 30 perforated plates. All the vapour is condensed at the top of the column and only a part of the liquid is removed by the intervention of an electromagnetic valve.
  • the following reagents were added to the above glass flask, in an inert atmosphere: 1,081 g (12 moles) of dimethyl carbonate (purity equal to 99.9%), containing 200 mg/kg of water and 0.1% by weight of methanol; 1,106 g (23.9 moles) of anhydrous bioethanol (purity equal to 99.6%) for motor vehicles, in conformance with the standard EN 15376:2008, containing 1,000 mg/kg of water, 0.1% by weight of methanol and 0.2% by weight of C 3 -C 5 saturated alcohols; 8.6 g of a solution of sodium methoxide at 30% by weight in methanol .
  • the reaction mixture was kept under stirring, at atmospheric pressure, and heated to boiling point.
  • the temperature at the top of the column became stabilized at a value of 63.5°C
  • the collection of the distillate, containing the azeotropic mixture of methanol-dimethyl carbonate was initiated, operating with a reflux ratio which was such as to maintain the temperature at the top as constant as possible, thus minimizing the content of ethanol in the distillate.
  • the distillation residue was subjected to filtration to eliminate the catalyst, obtaining 61 g of product, mainly containing diethyl carbonate (BioDEC) (95.8% by weight) and dialkyl carbonates from C 3 -C 5 alcohols (4.2% by weight).
  • BioDEC diethyl carbonate
  • dialkyl carbonates from C 3 -C 5 alcohols (4.2% by weight).
  • the synthesis of diethyl carbonate (BioDEC) carried out as described above, was characterized by a conversion of dimethyl carbonate equal to 78.5%, a conversion of bioethanol equal to 71.3%, a selectivity of dimethyl carbonate to diethyl carbonate (BioDEC) equal to 80.7% and a selectivity of dimethyl carbonate to methyl-ethyl carbonate equal to 19.1%.
  • the diethyl carbonate (BioDEC) obtained has a purity equal to 99.5%.
  • a hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) having the characteristics indicated in Table 2 was added to a gas oil having the characteristics specified in Table 1, in an amount equal to 45% by volume with respect to the total volume of the composition composed of gas oil and hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) : the characteristics of the composition obtained are indicated in Table 3.
  • a hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) having the characteristics indicated in Table 2 was added to a gas oil having the characteristics specified in Table 1, in an amount equal to 45% by volume, together with diethyl carbonate (BioDEC) (purity equal to 99.5%) obtained according to Example 1 indicated above, in an amount equal to 4% by volume, said amounts being calculated with respect to the total volume of the composition composed of gas oil, hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) and diethyl carbonate: the characteristics of the composition obtained are indicated in Table .

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Edible Oils And Fats (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)

Abstract

Selon l'invention, la composition de gas-oil comprend: - entre 5% en volume et 79,9% en volume, de préférence entre 30% en volume et 68% en volume, par rapport à la composition totale de ladite composition, d'au moins un gas-oil; entre 0,1% en volume et 20% en volume, de préférence entre 2% en volume et 10% en volume, par rapport au volume total de ladite composition d'au moins un carbonate de diéthyle; entre 20% en volume et 75% en volume, de préférence entre 30% en volume et 60% en volume, par rapport au volume total de ladite composition d'au moins une huile végétale hydrotraitée (HVO); ledit carbonate de diéthyle étant obtenu à partir du bioéthanol. Ladite composition peut servir avantageusement de carburant à des moteurs diesel.
PCT/IB2010/003272 2009-12-16 2010-12-13 Composition comprenant du carbonate de diethyle derive du bioethanol provenant d'huile vegetale WO2011073780A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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ITMI2009A002202A IT1397623B1 (it) 2009-12-16 2009-12-16 Composizione di gasolio comprendente dietil carbonato da bioetanolo ed olio vegetale idrotrattato
ITMI2009A002202 2009-12-16

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Cited By (5)

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WO2015114292A1 (fr) * 2014-01-29 2015-08-06 Tulino Research & Partners Ltd Formulation d'un nouveau carburant diesel adapté aux moteurs diesel
US20180237710A1 (en) * 2017-02-21 2018-08-23 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Diesel boiling-range fuel blend and methods of making the same
WO2020208299A1 (fr) * 2019-04-10 2020-10-15 Neste Oyj Composition de carburant diesel
US11485924B2 (en) 2016-08-26 2022-11-01 Neste Oyj Method for manufacturing a fuel component
US12037556B2 (en) 2016-08-26 2024-07-16 Neste Oyj Diesel fuel composition and a method for producing a diesel fuel composition

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