WO2011071425A1 - Procédé et agencement d'équilibrage de consommation d'énergie entre stations de base dans un système de communication - Google Patents

Procédé et agencement d'équilibrage de consommation d'énergie entre stations de base dans un système de communication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011071425A1
WO2011071425A1 PCT/SE2009/051389 SE2009051389W WO2011071425A1 WO 2011071425 A1 WO2011071425 A1 WO 2011071425A1 SE 2009051389 W SE2009051389 W SE 2009051389W WO 2011071425 A1 WO2011071425 A1 WO 2011071425A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
base station
energy
wireless communication
amount
marginal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2009/051389
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Pål FRENGER
Johan Moe
Ove Linnell
Original Assignee
Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) filed Critical Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ)
Priority to PCT/SE2009/051389 priority Critical patent/WO2011071425A1/fr
Priority to US13/514,630 priority patent/US8831672B2/en
Priority to EP09852107.3A priority patent/EP2510728B1/fr
Publication of WO2011071425A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011071425A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0203—Power saving arrangements in the radio access network or backbone network of wireless communication networks
    • H04W52/0206—Power saving arrangements in the radio access network or backbone network of wireless communication networks in access points, e.g. base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • H02J3/144—Demand-response operation of the power transmission or distribution network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/30—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
    • H04W52/34—TPC management, i.e. sharing limited amount of power among users or channels or data types, e.g. cell loading
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/06—TPC algorithms
    • H04W52/14—Separate analysis of uplink or downlink
    • H04W52/143—Downlink power control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/30—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
    • H04W52/34—TPC management, i.e. sharing limited amount of power among users or channels or data types, e.g. cell loading
    • H04W52/343—TPC management, i.e. sharing limited amount of power among users or channels or data types, e.g. cell loading taking into account loading or congestion level
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/30—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
    • H04W52/34—TPC management, i.e. sharing limited amount of power among users or channels or data types, e.g. cell loading
    • H04W52/346—TPC management, i.e. sharing limited amount of power among users or channels or data types, e.g. cell loading distributing total power among users or channels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an arrangement in a communication system and, more in particular, to a mechanism for improving the performance within the communication system.
  • the object is achieved by a method in an energy management unit.
  • the energy management unit is situated in a communication system for energy consumption balancing between a first base station and a second base station.
  • the first base station and the second base station are comprised within the communication system.
  • the method comprises computing a marginal energy value for the first base station and the second base station respectively, based on the energy source type of each base station.
  • the computed respective marginal energy value for the first base station and the second base station are then compared with each other.
  • the method also comprises adjusting the amount of wireless communication managed by the first base station, in relation to the second base station. The adjustment is performed such that the amount of wireless communication managed by the first base station is increased if the first base station has a lower marginal energy value than the second base station.
  • the amount of wireless communication managed by the first base station decreased if the first base station has a higher marginal energy value than the second base station.
  • the object is also achieved by an arrangement in an energy management unit.
  • the energy management unit is situated in a communication system for energy consumption balancing between a first base station and a second base station.
  • the first base station and the second base station are comprised within the communication system.
  • the arrangement comprises a computing unit.
  • the computing unit is adapted to compute a marginal energy value for the first base station and the second base station respectively, based on the energy source type of each base station.
  • the arrangement comprises a comparison unit.
  • the comparison unit is adapted to compare the computed respective marginal energy value for the first base station and the second base station with each other.
  • the arrangement comprises an adjustment unit.
  • the adjustment unit is adapted to adjust the amount of wireless communication managed by the first base station, in relation to the second base station.
  • the adjustment is performed such that the amount of wireless communication managed by the first base station is increased if the first base station has a lower marginal energy value than the second base station.
  • the amount of wireless communication managed by the first base station decreased if the first base station has a higher marginal energy value than the second base station.
  • the present methods and arrangements it is possible to reduce energy costs by utilizing renewable energy sources, when possible, instead of non renewable energy sources.
  • the marginal cost of renewable energy is close to zero while the marginal cost of grid energy is typically lower than the marginal cost of diesel energy.
  • installing renewable energy sources on all sites may be too expensive and in many sites it may not be possible e.g. for practical reasons. Instead the present solution allows operators to divert traffic to nodes with renewable energy whenever possible. Installing grid power at all sites may not be possible either. However, neighbouring grid powered sites can take over traffic from diesel powered off-grid sites or from off-grid sites with temporarily insufficient supply of renewable energy. Also, by switching off redundant units, the lifetime of these units may be prolonged.
  • the present method may also enable operators to cost effectively reduce the carbon dioxide emissions caused by their network operation by using renewable, clean energy whenever possible.
  • an improved mechanism within a communication system is provided.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram illustrating an off-grid cellular site, according to prior art.
  • Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating a communication system according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 3 is a block diagram illustrating embodiments of an arrangement in a communication system.
  • Figure 4A is a block diagram illustrating a communication system according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 4B is a block diagram illustrating a communication system according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 5 is a flow chart illustrating method steps in a communication system according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 6 is a block diagram illustrating embodiments of an arrangement in an energy management unit.
  • the present solution is defined as a method and an arrangement in a communication system, which may be put into practice in the embodiments described below.
  • the present solution may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present solution. It should be understood that there is no intent to limit the present methods, and/or arrangements to any of the particular forms disclosed , but on the contrary, the present methods and arrangements are to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the present solution as defined by the claims.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a communication system 100 according to some embodiments.
  • the communication system 100 comprises a first base station 1 10 and a second base station 120.
  • the first base station 1 10 may be attached to a first energy management unit 105 and to a battery 140, which may provide energy supply to the first base station 1 10.
  • the optional battery 140 may in turn be charged by an energy source such as e.g. a wind turbine 152.
  • an energy source such as e.g. a wind turbine 152.
  • the second base station 120 may be attached to a second energy management unit 105 and to an energy source such as e.g. a diesel generator 154.
  • a diesel generator 154 an energy source
  • diesel generator is here used as a non limiting example only, of any fuel driven generator, such as e.g. ethanol, petrol, gasoline, biogas, methanol, methane, tar sand, charcoal, biodiesel, propane, butanol, vegetabile oil, kerosene, biomass, wood, liquefied natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, liquid nitrogen, hydrogen, wood gas, algae oil and/or municipal waste, just to briefly mention some few arbitrary examples.
  • fuel driven generator such as e.g. ethanol, petrol, gasoline, biogas, methanol, methane, tar sand, charcoal, biodiesel, propane, butanol, vegetabile oil, kerosene, biomass, wood, liquefied natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, liquid nitrogen, hydrogen, wood
  • any of the base stations 1 10, 120 may be referred to as e.g. a Remote Radio Unit, an access point, a Node B, an evolved Node B (eNode B) and/or a base transceiver station, Access Point Base Station, base station router, etc depending e.g. of the radio access technology and terminology used.
  • a user equipment (UE) 130 may be situated within a cell created by any of the first base station 1 10 or the second base station 120.
  • the user equipment 130 may be represented by a wireless communication device, a wireless communication terminal, a mobile cellular telephone, a Personal Communications Systems terminal, a mobile station (MS), a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a laptop, a terminal, computer or any other kind of device capable of managing radio resources.
  • a wireless communication device a wireless communication terminal, a mobile cellular telephone, a Personal Communications Systems terminal, a mobile station (MS), a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a laptop, a terminal, computer or any other kind of device capable of managing radio resources.
  • a number of batteries 140 may be comprised within the communication system 100.
  • the batteries 140 serves as uninterruptible power supply and may also provide emergency power in case of a main power failure.
  • the batteries 140 are adapted to provide uninterrupted power to connected equipment, such as the base stations 1 10, 120.
  • the base stations 1 10, 120 which utilizes the batteries 140 may thus normally get its power directly from a sustainable Alternating Current (AC) source or a Direct Current (DC) source e.g. from solar cells connected to the respective base stations 1 10, 120, according to different embodiments as previously described.
  • the batteries 140 may according to some embodiments power the base stations 1 10, 120 only in the event of failure.
  • the batteries 140 may otherwise be charged, at least occasionally, from the primary circuit.
  • the batteries 140 may be e.g. flooded Lead-Acid Battery, Ni-Cad or AGM sealed Lead Acid batteries, just to mention some few arbitrary battery types. However, the present solution may be applied using any kind of suitable battery for the batteries 140, which batteries 140 furthermore may be of the same type or of several different types.
  • the communication system 100 may be based on technologies such as e.g. Global System for Mobile Telecommunications (GSM), Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), CDMA 2000, High Speed Downlink Packet Data Access (HSDPA), High Speed Uplink Packet Data Access (HSUPA), High Data Rate (HDR) High Speed Packet Data Access (HSPA), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN), Wireless Fidelity (WiFi), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), Bluetooth or according to any other wireless communication technology, just to mention some few arbitrary and none limiting examples.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Telecommunications
  • EDGE Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution
  • GPRS General Packet Radio Service
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • CDMA 2000 High Speed Downlink Packet Data Access
  • the present solution presents a mechanism for balancing the energy consumption in a cellular radio network such as e.g. the illustrated communication system 100, such that base stations 1 10, 120 with low marginal energy cost and/or low marginal carbon dioxide emissions are prioritized in load balancing and/or handover algorithms.
  • radio traffic e.g. created by the user equipment 130 may be directed from the diesel powered second base station 120, towards the first base station 1 10, which has lower marginal energy cost and/or lower marginal carbon dioxide emissions, according to some embodiments.
  • each base station 1 10, 120 comprise an energy management unit 105 each and the mechanism may be distributed. However, as will be discussed later in connection with Figure 3, the energy management unit 105 may be situated in a centralized node within the communication 10 system 100.
  • communication systems 100 are dimensioned for a certain coverage and capacity during peak hours. During low traffic hours the service level that can be provided by a (non diesel powered) neighboring cell might be sufficient, according to some 15 embodiments.
  • load balancing algorithms may adjust cell reference power and/or antenna tilt in order to make base stations 1 10 with a local and temporary renewable energy surplus cover a larger area; and diesel powered
  • handover algorithms may adjust threshold parameters such that user equipments 130 are more likely to perform 30 handovers to base stations 1 10, 120 with a local and temporary renewable energy surplus, such as the first base station 1 10; and less likely to perform handovers from a grid powered cell or from a renewable powered cell with an energy surplus to a diesel powered base station 1 10, 120, such as the second base station 120.
  • the diesel generated second base station 120 comprises an energy management unit 105.
  • the energy management unit 105 of the diesel generated second base station 120 may further be utilized for reducing the overall diesel consumption, or which activates when the generator is about to run out of diesel. In such case, the energy management unit 105 may direct the radio traffic towards a neighbour base station.
  • the computing of energy cost may according to some embodiments take also the refill cost of the operator into account.
  • the renewable power and/or local and temporary renewable energy as herein described may comprise e.g. solar energy, wind energy, hydro power and/or hybrid energy, just to mention some examples.
  • the renewable energy may thus be energy generated from natural resources such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, and geothermal heat, which are renewable.
  • Hydro power, hydraulic power or water power is power that is derived from the force or energy of moving water, which may be harnessed for useful purposes.
  • Some examples include: waterwheels, hydroelectricity (hydroelectric dams, or hydroelectric-powered watermills), damless hydro, which captures the kinetic energy in rivers, streams and oceans, vortex power, which creates vortices which can then be tapped for energy, tidal power, which captures energy from the tides in horizontal direction, tidal stream power, which does the same vertically, wave power, which uses the energy in waves, osmotic power, which channels river water into a container separated from sea water by a semi permeable membrane, marine current power which captures the kinetic energy from marine currents, ocean thermal energy conversion which exploits the temperature difference between deep and shallow waters, just to mention some few examples of hydro power which may be used for powering a base station 1 10, 120.
  • Handover algorithms in e.g. LTE and HSPA are network controlled and assisted by the user equipment 130, i.e. the user equipment 130 provides the serving base station 1 10, 120 with measurements on handover candidates, and based on these measurements the serving base station 1 10, 120 decides if a handover shall be performed or not.
  • the serving base station 1 10, 120 controls the measurement of the user equipment 130 and may report procedures but the actual handover decision is taken by the network. Consequently, as an alternative to changing the user equipment measurement and reporting criteria, as discussed above, the handover decision in the base station 1 10, 120 may be based on normal user equipment measurement reports that are combined with information about the energy type and energy surplus of reported handover candidates.
  • the serving base station 1 10, 120 may still decide that a handover is not motivated from an energy point of view, or vice versa.
  • the allowed parameter range of handover and load balancing algorithms according to some embodiments of the present method may be pre-calculated using a network planning tool or may be calculated dynamically by an Operation and Management (O&M) system.
  • O&M Operation and Management
  • micro cells may adjust antenna tilt with ⁇ X degrees as well as reduce cell reference power all the way down to zero, while macro cells may only adjust the handover threshold ⁇ Y dB.
  • Sites with multiple frequency bands may not be allowed to adjust load balancing and handover parameters one frequency band, in order to ensure coverage, but may do so on all other frequency bands.
  • Sites with multiple radio access technologies such as e.g. GSM, WCDMA HSPA, LTE may only be allowed to adjust load balancing and handover parameters on some radio access technologies (e.g. WCDMA HSPA, LTE) and not on other radio access technologies (e.g. GSM).
  • the present method may according to different embodiments be implemented e.g. as a distributed algorithm with direct base station communication; or as a centralized algorithm with communication between base station 1 10, 120 and O&M system (OSS), which will be further discussed in relation to the presentation of Figure 3.
  • OSS O&M system
  • the communication system 100 illustrated in Figure 2 illustrates a distributed implementation, which may comprise local exchange of energy supply information between neighbouring nodes 1 10, 120 comprising of e.g. energy source information, such as e.g. AC grid, diesel, solar, wind, hybrid; marginal energy cost information ( €/ kWh); marginal energy carbon dioxide emissions (kg carbon dioxide/ kWh); energy reliability information (battery reserve, current renewable energy surplus, AC grid reliability), for example.
  • energy source information such as e.g. AC grid, diesel, solar, wind, hybrid
  • marginal energy cost information €/ kWh
  • marginal energy carbon dioxide emissions kg carbon dioxide/ kWh
  • energy reliability information battery reserve, current renewable energy surplus, AC grid reliability
  • the exemplary communication system 100 comprises a wind powered base station 1 10, a diesel powered base station 120, a solar powered base station 122, a grid powered base station 124 and a central node comprising an energy management unit 105.
  • the central node comprising the energy management unit 105 may be the O&M system (e.g. OSS). Relevant information concerning e.g. energy source information , such as e.g. AC grid, diesel, solar, wind, hybrid ; marginal energy cost information ( €/ kWh); marginal energy carbon dioxide emissions (kg carbon dioxide/ kWh); energy reliability information (battery reserve, current renewable energy surplus, AC grid reliability), for example is collected from the base stations 1 10, 120, 122, 124. Based on that information, the energy management unit 105 may perform a network energy balancing.
  • energy source information such as e.g. AC grid, diesel, solar, wind, hybrid ; marginal energy cost information ( €/ kWh); marginal energy carbon dioxide emissions (kg carbon dioxide/ kWh); energy reliability information (battery reserve, current
  • the cell of the second base station 120 may be represented by a micro cell, pico cell, hot spot or similar, which may be used to improve the performance within the communication system 100 during rush hours.
  • the cell of the first base station 1 10 and the cell of the second base station 120 are partly covering each other. According to some optional embodiments, it may be identified which case that is applicable for a certain cell. It may further be determined "off-line" in a network planning tool. In a strong energy balancing case the parameter space in which adjustment are allowed in order to balance the network energy consumption may be much larger compared to the weak energy balancing case.
  • the present energy consumption prioritization matrix for two neighbouring cells shows which cell that the energy balancing method tries to divert the traffic to, and how this depends on the energy supply source of the respective cells, according to some embodiments.
  • the present method may in particular be suited for implementation in hierarchical radio network, e.g. where a macro layer provides coverage on a first carrier f1 while a micro layer provides additional capacity in hotspot areas on a second carrier f2.
  • the size of the cells in the micro layer can be freely adjusted e.g. in order to attract more traffic and reduce the amount of traffic in the macro layer when a micro cell has a surplus of renewable energy.
  • the fact that the cell layers operate on different frequencies ensures that no problems with inter-cell interference between the macro and the micro layers occur.
  • the present method may provide the tool required to perform the upgrade gradually while at the same time ensure that the investment in renewable energy is utilized. Selecting a scattered set of sites that are capable of taking over as much traffic as possible from neighbouring sites with non-renewable energy sources for the first upgrade iteration may then be preferred methodology, rather than to start upgrading all sites in a given area, according to some embodiments.
  • operators may be able to reduce energy cost by utilizing the cheapest energy source possible at all times.
  • the marginal cost of renewable energy is close to zero while the marginal cost of grid energy is typically lower than the marginal cost of diesel energy.
  • operators can also maximize use of invested CAPEX in energy supply. Installing renewable energy sources on all sites may be too expensive and in many sites it may not be possible e.g. for practical reasons. Instead the present method allows operators to divert traffic to nodes with renewable energy whenever possible. Installing grid power at all sites may not be possible either. However, neighbouring grid powered sites can take over traffic from diesel powered off-grid sites or from off-grid sites with temporarily insufficient supply of renewable energy, according to some embodiments. During low traffic hours, interference is low and a neighbouring cell with renewable power can often serve user equipment 130 with sufficient quality.
  • Renewable power systems may be over dimensioned to allow for future traffic growth. Also solar, hydro and/or wind power sites need to be dimensioned for normal intermittent variations in wind speed, water flow and/or solar radiation. Many renewable sites may therefore often have an energy surplus, e.g. during a windy or a sunny day, stored in a charged battery 140.
  • the present method may also enable operators to cost effectively reduce the carbon dioxide emissions caused by their network operation by using renewable, clean energy whenever possible.
  • Figure 5 is a flow chart illustrating method steps in an energy management unit 105 in a communication system 100 according to some embodiments. The method aims at performing energy consumption balancing between a first base station 1 10 and a second base station 120 comprised within the communication system 100.
  • the method may comprise a number of method steps 501 -506.
  • steps 501 -506 are optional and only comprised within some embodiments. Further, it is to be noted that the method steps 501 -506 may be performed in another chronological order and that some of them, e.g. step 501 and step 502, or even all steps 501 -506 may be performed in a different, altered, arbitrarily rearranged, decomposed or even completely reversed chronological order, according to different embodiments.
  • the method may comprise the following steps:
  • This step is optional and may only be performed within some embodiments.
  • Information concerning the energy supply source may be received from the second base station 120, according to some embodiments wherein the energy management unit 105 is comprised within the first base station 110.
  • information concerning the energy supply source may be received from the first base station 110 and the second base station 120, according to some embodiments, wherein the energy management unit 105 is comprised within a centralized node.
  • This step is optional and may only be performed within some embodiments.
  • the energy source type 150, 152, 154 of the first base station 110 and the second base station 120 respectively may be determined.
  • This step is optional and may only be performed within some embodiments. It may be established if the energy source 150, 152 of the first base station 110 and the second base station 120, respectively has a temporary energy surplus, according to some embodiments.
  • a marginal energy value for the first base station 1 10 and the second base station 120 respectively is computed, based on the energy source type 150, 152, 154 of each base station 1 10, 120.
  • the marginal energy value may according to some embodiments be further based on at least one parameter out of: marginal energy cost, marginal energy carbon dioxide emission, energy reliability information, cell coverage overlap, renewability of the energy source and/or level of temporary energy surplus of the energy source.
  • any of the following parameters may render a high marginal energy value for the base station 110, 120: high marginal energy cost, high marginal energy carbon dioxide emission, low energy reliability, low cell coverage overlap, low renewability of the energy source, low level of temporary energy surplus of the energy source.
  • the computed respective marginal energy value for the first base station 1 10 and the second base station 120 is compared with each other.
  • the amount of wireless communication managed by the first base station 1 10 is adjusted, in relation to the second base station 120, such that the amount of wireless communication managed by the first base station 1 10 is increased if the first base station 1 10 has a lower marginal energy value than the second base station 120, and/ or the amount of wireless communication managed by the first base station 1 10 is decreased if the first base station 1 10 has a higher marginal energy value than the second base station 120.
  • the adjustment of the amount of wireless communication may optionally comprise adjusting cell reference power, antenna tilt and/or adjusting handover threshold parameters, such that if the amount of wireless communication managed by the first base station 110 is to be increased, the cell reference power may be increased, the antenna may be tilted upwards and/or handover threshold parameters for performing a handover into the first base station 110 from the second base station 120 may be decreased. Further, if the amount of wireless communication managed by the first base station 110 is to be decreased, the cell reference power may be decreased, the antenna may be tilted downwards and/or handover threshold parameters for performing a handover into the first base station 110 from the second base station 120 may be increased, according to some embodiments.
  • the adjustment of the amount of wireless communication managed by the first base station 110, in relation to the second base station 120 may comprise increasing the amount of wireless communication managed by the first base station 110, if the first base station 110 comprises a local renewable energy source 150, 152 and the second base station 120 is attached to the power grid or to a diesel generator 154.
  • the adjustment may comprise increasing the amount of wireless communication managed by the first base station 110 if the first base station 1 10 is attached to the power grid and the second base station 120 is attached to a diesel generator 154.
  • adjusting the amount of wireless communication managed by the first base station 1 10 may comprise increasing the amount of wireless communication managed by the first base station 1 10, if the energy source 150, 152 of the first base station 1 10 comprises a renewable energy source 150, 152 with a temporary energy surplus, and the second base station 120 comprises a nonrenewable energy source 154 or a renewable energy source 150, 152 without a temporary energy surplus.
  • the base stations 110, 120 may comprise multiple radio access technologies, such as a first and a second radio access technology according to some embodiments.
  • the adjustment of the amount of wireless communication managed by the first base station 110, in relation to the second base station 120 may comprise to only adjust the amount of wireless communication on the first radio access technology and not on the second radio access technology.
  • Figure 6 is a block diagram illustrating embodiments of an arrangement 600 situated in an energy management unit 105 in a communication system 100.
  • the arrangement 600 is adapted to perform the described method steps 501 -506, for energy consumption balancing between a first base station 110 and a second base station 120 comprised within the communication system 100.
  • the arrangement 600 comprises a computing unit 640.
  • the computing unit 640 is adapted to compute a marginal energy value for the first base station 110 and the second base station 120 respectively, based on the energy source type 150, 152, 154 of each base station 110, 120.
  • the arrangement 600 comprises a comparison unit 650.
  • the comparison unit 650 is adapted to compare the computed respective marginal energy value for the first base station 110 and the second base station 120 with each other.
  • the arrangement 600 comprises an adjustment unit 660.
  • the adjustment unit 660 is adapted to adjust the amount of wireless communication managed by the first base station 110, in relation to the second base station 120, such that the amount of wireless communication managed by the first base station 110 is increased if the first base station 110 has a lower marginal energy value than the second base station 120, and/ or if the amount of wireless communication managed by the first base station 110 is decreased if the first base station 110 has a higher marginal energy value than the second base station 120.
  • the arrangement 600 may according to some embodiments comprise a receiver 610.
  • the receiver 610 may be adapted to receive information concerning the energy supply source from the first base station 110 and/or the second base station 120.
  • the arrangement 600 may optionally comprise a determination unit 620.
  • the determination unit 620 may be adapted to determine the energy source type 150, 152, 154 of the first base station 110 and the second base station 120 respectively.
  • the arrangement 600 may also comprise an establishing unit 630.
  • the establishing unit 630 may be adapted to establish if the energy source 150, 152 of the first base station 110 and the second base station 120, respectively has a temporary energy surplus.
  • the arrangement 600 further, in addition may comprise a sender 670.
  • the sender 670 may be adapted to send information for adjusting cell reference power, antenna tilt and/or adjusting handover threshold parameters of a base station 110, 120.
  • the arrangement 600 may according to some embodiments further comprise a processing unit 680.
  • the processing unit 680 may be represented by e.g. a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a processor, a microprocessor, or other processing logic that may interpret and execute instructions.
  • the processing unit 680 may perform data processing functions for inputting, outputting, and processing of data including data buffering and device control functions, such as call processing control, user interface control, or the like.
  • the described units 610-680 comprised within the arrangement 600 may be regarded as separate logical entities, but not with necessity as separate physical entities. Any, some or all of the units 610-680 may be comprised or co-arranged within the same physical unit. However, in order to facilitate the understanding of the functionality of the arrangement 600, the comprised units 610-680 are illustrated as separate units in Figure 6.
  • the transmitting unit 670 and e.g. the receiving unit 610 may, according to some embodiments, be comprised within one physical unit, a transceiver, which may comprise a transmitter circuit and a receiver circuit, which respectively transmits outgoing radio frequency signals and receives incoming radio frequency signals via an optional antenna.
  • a transceiver which may comprise a transmitter circuit and a receiver circuit, which respectively transmits outgoing radio frequency signals and receives incoming radio frequency signals via an optional antenna.
  • the method steps 501 -506 in the communication system 100 may be implemented through one or more processing units 680 in the communication system 100, together with computer program code for performing the functions of the present steps 501 -506.
  • a computer program product comprising instructions for performing the method steps 501 -506 in the communication system 100 may perform method steps in an energy management unit 105 in the communication system 100 for energy consumption balancing between a first base station 110 and a second base station 120 comprised within the communication system 100, when loaded into the processing unit 680.
  • the computer program product mentioned above may be provided for instance in the form of a data carrier carrying computer program code for performing the method steps 501 - 506 according to the present solution when the computer program product is run on the processing unit 680 comprised within the energy management unit 105.
  • the data carrier may be e.g. a hard disk, a CD ROM disc, a memory stick, an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device or any other appropriate medium such as a disc or tape that can hold machine readable data.
  • the computer program product may furthermore be provided as computer program code on a server and downloaded to the energy management unit 105 remotely, e.g. over an Internet or an intranet connection.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé et un agencement, dans une unité de gestion d'énergie dans un système de communication, d'équilibrage de consommation d'énergie entre une première station de base et une seconde station de base incluses dans le système de communication. Le procédé consiste à calculer et comparer une valeur d'énergie marginale pour la première station de base et la seconde station de base respectivement, sur la base du type de source d'énergie de chaque station de base. Le procédé consiste également à ajuster le volume de communication sans fil géré par la première station de base, par rapport à la seconde station de base, de telle manière que le volume de communication sans fil géré par la première station de base soit augmenté si la première station de base a une plus petite valeur d'énergie marginale que la seconde station de base, et/ou que le volume de communication sans fil géré par la première station de base soit réduit si la première station de base a une plus grande valeur d'énergie marginale que la seconde station de base.
PCT/SE2009/051389 2009-12-08 2009-12-08 Procédé et agencement d'équilibrage de consommation d'énergie entre stations de base dans un système de communication WO2011071425A1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/SE2009/051389 WO2011071425A1 (fr) 2009-12-08 2009-12-08 Procédé et agencement d'équilibrage de consommation d'énergie entre stations de base dans un système de communication
US13/514,630 US8831672B2 (en) 2009-12-08 2009-12-08 Method and arrangement in a communication system
EP09852107.3A EP2510728B1 (fr) 2009-12-08 2009-12-08 Procédé et agencement d'équilibrage de consommation d'énergie entre stations de base dans un système de communication

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PCT/SE2009/051389 WO2011071425A1 (fr) 2009-12-08 2009-12-08 Procédé et agencement d'équilibrage de consommation d'énergie entre stations de base dans un système de communication

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EP2510728A4 (fr) 2014-09-24
US20120252525A1 (en) 2012-10-04
EP2510728B1 (fr) 2015-10-21
EP2510728A1 (fr) 2012-10-17
US8831672B2 (en) 2014-09-09

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