WO2011069572A2

WO2011069572A2 - Flat roof attachment with a solar module

Info

Publication number: WO2011069572A2
Application number: PCT/EP2010/005892
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hermann Dreesbeimdieke
Original assignee: Energetik Solartechnologie-Vertriebs Gmbh
Priority date: 2009-12-08
Filing date: 2010-09-27
Publication date: 2011-06-16
Also published as: DE102009057408A1; WO2011069572A3

Abstract

The invention relates to a flat roof attachment (1) comprising at least one solar module (2) and a supporting wall (3) which is inclined in relation to the solar module (2). A solar module lower edge (4) and a supporting wall lower edge (5) are arranged parallel and at a distance in relation to each other and are designed so that they can be placed on a flat roof (8). A solar module upper edge (6) and a supporting wall upper edge (7) are interconnected. The flat roof attachment (1) has at least one opening (9) in the region of the solar module upper edge (6) and/or supporting wall upper edge (7) and both front sides (10, 11) and the lower side (12) of the flat roof attachment (1) are open.

Description

description

The invention relates to a flat roof attachment with a solar module and a support wall, which can be set up without further attachment to a flat roof. Furthermore, the invention comprises a flat roof attachment arrangement comprising a plurality of flat roof attachments.

Conventional flat roof attachments for solar modules are either loaded with heavy ballast or anchored to the flat roof to withstand the impact of wind forces. The loading of such articles with ballast on the one hand costly and on the other hand leads to a very high surface load of the roofs. The second variant, according to which the attachments are anchored to the flat roofs, usually requires a breakthrough or a perforation of the sealing layer of the flat roof. Consequently, the tightness of the roof is no longer guaranteed or costly measures must be taken to seal.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a flat roof top with solar module, which allows for cost-effective production and easy installation, a safe and windproof installation of the flat roof top on a flat roof, without requiring additional ballast or anchoring on the roof is necessary.

The object is achieved by a flat roof attachment comprising at least one solar module and a support wall inclined with respect to the solar module, wherein a lower solar module edge and a support wall lower edge are arranged parallel and spaced from each other and are adapted to rest on a flat roof, and wherein a solar module upper edge and a Abstützwandoberkante connected are. The flat roof attachment has according to the invention in the region of the solar module upper edge and / or Abstützwandoberkante at least one breakthrough and the two end faces and the bottom of the flat roof top are open. According to the invention, the flat roof attachment is designed so that neither a loading of the flat roof attachment with ballast is necessary nor an anchoring or screwing of the flat roof attachment on the flat roof is provided. The two end faces are each defined by a surface bordered by a lateral edge the solar module of a lateral edge of the support wall and the flat roof. Between the solar module, support wall and flat roof a downwardly open cavity is provided. The two end faces and the underside of the flat roof attachment are defined as open, but this does not preclude that in this free space any connection or support struts can be provided. This ultimately creates an aerodynamic effect, which leads to the suction of the flat roof attachment on the flat roof. The solar module is preferably a photovoltaic system for generating electricity or a device for heating water. Roofs with a slope of +/- 10 ° with respect to the horizontal are also considered as flat roofs. Furthermore, through the breakthrough in the upper region, a removal of the heated air is possible. On windless days in summer, the solar modules and also the supporting wall heat up, this leads to the air heating in the interior of the flat roof top, and to lower the electrical efficiency of photovoltaic modules. As the warm air rises, cooler air is sucked in and the electrical efficiency increases due to the rear ventilation.

In an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the opening is formed as a horizontal slot. Preferably, the slot extends over at least half a module length, in particular over at least 2/3 of the module length. The module length is defined in the horizontal direction. It is also advantageous that the horizontal slot is 2 cm to 6 cm, in particular 3 cm to 5 cm, in particular 4 cm wide. This geometric design of the slot has proven to be advantageous in the wind tunnel. The upper contour of the aperture viewed in the longitudinal direction of the slot preferably extends at a height to the horizontal. In particular, the upper contour of the slot, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the solar module, runs parallel to a horizontal plane. The two short sides of the slot preferably extend below this horizontal. Therefore, the slot is particularly preferably formed by a spacing of the solar module upper edge and the supporting wall upper edge. These two upper edges are then preferably at a horizontal height and form the upper contour of the opening. If wind flows over the edges, a negative pressure (comparable to a sliding roof in the car) arises at the bottom just above the area of the slot. As a result, air is sucked out of the interior, which then to the End surfaces of the flat roof top is sucked back. The air is thus drawn through the system.

In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of horizontal slots are provided, wherein the plurality of horizontal slots are arranged in alignment in the horizontal direction in order to avoid air turbulence. In particular, when a plurality of solar modules are arranged next to one another, a slot is preferably provided above each solar module. These slots of the plurality of solar modules are arranged in alignment in the horizontal direction.

In a further advantageous embodiment it is provided that the opening in the support wall or in the solar module or between the solar module upper edge and the Abstützwandoberkante is arranged. Particularly preferred is the variant in which the slot between solar module top edge and Abstützwandoberkante is arranged. The two upper edges could, for example, be joined together by relatively short connecting elements in the horizontal direction. The breakthrough then arises between these two connecting elements.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the solar module lower edge and the supporting wall lower edge are designed for windproof resting on the flat roof. Under "windproof" here is not necessarily an airtight Aufliegen to understand. It is sufficient that the gap between the lower edges and the flat roof is formed as small as possible, so that in the first place the wind enters via the end faces and flows out through the opening.

It is further preferred that the flat roof attachment has a triangular cross-section. In this case, a first angle between the solar module and the flat roof is smaller than a second angle between the supporting wall and the flat roof. By designing this angle, the solar module can be optimally aligned to the sun's rays and the space-saving arrangement, the support wall is made steeper than the solar module. Preferably, the first angle between the solar module and the flat roof 15 ° to 35 °, in particular 30 ° to 35 °, in particular 25 °. This angle of attack is optimally aligned to the sunlight and has proven itself in a wind tunnel test. In an advantageous embodiment of the flat roof attachment, the lower solar module edge and the supporting wall are connected to each other by means of at least one connecting strut. This increases the stability of the flat roof attachment and prevents unfolding of solar module and support wall. Furthermore, it is preferable to feed at least one support strut against the flat roof for supporting the solar module. This support strut is fastened between the solar module upper edge and the solar module lower edge on the solar module and extends downwards in the direction of the flat roof. Particularly preferably, the underside of the support strut is connected to the connecting strut between Abstützwandunterkante and lower edge of the solar module.

Thus, it is preferably provided that the two end faces of the flat roof attachment are completely open and is between the two end faces, with the exception of the optional connecting struts and support struts, a continuously free cavity.

The invention further includes a flat roof attachment assembly comprising a plurality of flat roof attachments as just described. The multiple flat roof attachments are thereby joined together at the front, so that a common cavity between the support walls and the solar modules of the multiple flat roof attachments is created. The support wall of this flat roof attachment arrangement can preferably be made in one piece and extend over a plurality of solar modules. The solar modules and / or supporting walls of the multiple flat roof attachments are joined together as windproof as possible on the front side.

In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to two embodiments in the accompanying drawings. Showing: 1 shows a flat roof attachment arrangement according to the invention with four flat roof attachments according to the invention according to a first exemplary embodiment, FIG. 2 shows a flat roof attachment according to the first exemplary embodiment,

3 a flat roof attachment according to a second exemplary embodiment,

4 shows an arrangement of several inventive flat roof top arrangements for both embodiments,

5 shows the flat roof top according to the second embodiment,

6 shows a detail from FIG. 5,

Fig. 7 shows the flat roof top according to the second embodiment in a

Side View,

8 shows a first detail from FIG. 7, FIG.

Fig. 9 shows a second detail of Fig. 7, and

Fig. 10 shows the flat roof top according to the second embodiment in plan view of the support wall.

Hereinafter, the first embodiment will be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 1 shows a flat roof attachment arrangement 21 with four flat roof attachments 1 that are wind-tightly joined together on the end side.

Each of the flat roof attachments 1 consists of a solar module 2 with a module length 19 extending in the horizontal direction and a support wall 3 inclined to the solar module 2. Located between the solar module 2 and the support wall 3 a breakthrough 9, formed as a slot with a slit length 20 extending in the horizontal direction.

At the two end faces 10 and 11, the flat roof attachment assembly 21 is open. Similarly, a bottom 12 of the flat roof top assembly 21 and thus each flat roof top 1 is open (see Fig. 2).

As illustrated in FIG. 2, the solar module 2 comprises a lower solar module edge 4 and a solar module upper edge 6. The support wall 3 comprises a support wall lower edge 5 and a support wall upper edge 7. The support wall 3 and the solar module 2 run towards each other toward the top and the solar module upper edge 6 and Abstützwandoberkante 7 are connected to each other by means of connecting elements 16. These connecting elements 16 do not extend over the entire length in the horizontal direction and space the solar module upper edge 6 and the supporting wall upper edge 7, so that the slit-like opening 9 arises between the solar module upper edge 6 and the supporting wall upper edge 7.

This slot-like opening 9 extends with its slot length 20 in the horizontal direction. The slot length 20 is 88 cm. The module length is 150 cm. The slot length 20 is thus 6/10 of the module length 19. A width 13 of the opening 9 between the solar module upper edge 6 and the Abstützwandoberkante 7 is 4 cm.

To form the windproof support of the solar module lower edge 4 and the supporting wall lower edge 5 on the flat roof 8, the solar module 2 comprises a first floor strip 14. This first floor strip 14 extends continuously in the horizontal direction and forms the lower solar module edge 4. Similarly, the support wall 3 comprises a second Bottom strip 15, which also extends continuously in the horizontal direction and the Abstützwandunterkante 5 forms.

FIG. 3 shows a second exemplary embodiment of the flat roof attachment 1. Several of these flat roof attachments 1 according to the second exemplary embodiment are likewise preferably made, as shown in FIG. 1, into a flat roof attachment arrangement 21 together. Identical or functionally identical components are denoted by the same reference numerals in both embodiments.

As a supplement to the first exemplary embodiment, the second exemplary embodiment comprises at least one connecting strut 17 between the first bottom strip 14 and the second bottom strip 15.

Fig. 4 shows a preferred arrangement of a plurality of flat roof top assemblies 21 on a flat roof 8. This preferred arrangement on a flat roof is of course provided with the flat roof attachments 1 of both embodiments. The flat roof attachments 1 and their arrangement on a flat roof 8 are preferably dimensioned as follows: A first angle α between the flat roof 8 and the solar module 2 is 25 °. A second angle β between the flat roof 8 and the support wall 3 is 75 °. A height H between the flat roof 8 and the solar module upper edge 6 and Abstützwandoberkante 7 is 50.5 cm. A length L of several flat roof attachments 1 assembled to a flat roof attachment arrangement 21 is 600 cm. A depth T, defined between solar module bottom edge 4 and support wall lower edge 5, is 110 cm. A distance A between two successively erected flat roof top assembly 21, defined by the distance between the two solar module lower edges 4, is 240 cm. Preferably, a ratio of the depth T to the distance A is 0.4 to 0.6. Further preferably, a ratio of the height H to the distance A is 0.1 to 0.3.

With reference to FIGS. 5 to 10, the structural design of the flat roof attachment 1 according to the second embodiment is shown in detail. The first and the second embodiment differ essentially by the connecting strut 17. That is, apart from the connecting strut 17, the embodiments described below also apply to the first embodiment. With reference to Fig. 5 it can be seen how the slot 9 is formed. At the top edge 7 of the support wall 3 9 bent portions 22 are bent on both sides of the slot. These folds 22 are substantially perpendicular to the support wall 3. Between the two folds 22 remains a web 27 stand. The upper edge of the web 27 forms the Abstützwandoberkante 7. Between this Abstützwandoberkante 7 and the solar module upper edge 6 of the slot 9 is formed.

Furthermore, FIG. 5 shows the first bottom strip 14 and the second bottom strip 15, formed as extruded profiles. It can be seen on the basis of FIG. 6 how flat roof attachments 1 arranged next to one another are connected to one another on the first floor strip 14. For this purpose, a front holder 27, in particular designed as a front plate, is used. This front holder 27 overlaps with two first floor strips 14 of two flat roof attachments 1 to be arranged next to one another. The front holder 27 is in each case connected to one of the first floor strips 14 via the screw connection 29. Furthermore, the front holder 27 serves for fixing the connecting strut 17. The solar module upper edge 4 is formed by the lower edge of the first bottom bar 14. At this lower edge of the bottom bar 14 is a rubber-like mat. As a result, a largely windproof resting of the solar module attachment 1 on the flat roof 8 is ensured. In addition, damage to the flat roof 8 is avoided.

Fig. 7 shows the flat roof top 1 in a side view. Here is easy to see how the Abstützwandoberkante 7 is formed by the web 27. The support wall upper edge 7 is located together with the solar module upper edge 6 at the same horizontal height 24. Thus, the contour of the opening 9, in particular of the slot, viewed in the longitudinal direction, at a height to the horizontal 24. Further, Fig. 7 shows a module frame height 23. Particularly preferred corresponds to the width 13 of the slot 9 of this module frame height 23rd

8 shows a detail of the connection between the second floor strip 15 and the supporting wall 3. The supporting wall 3 is fastened to the second floor strip 15 by means of a screw 25. As a counterpart for the screw 25 is in the profile of the second bottom bar 15, a slider 26, designed as a flat nut. This arrangement of screw 25 and flat nut 26 can also be used for the screw 20 between front holder 27 and first bottom bar 14 and between the solar module 2 and the first bottom bar 14. In addition, the front holder 27 can also be used for connecting adjacent second floor strips 15. Fig. 9 shows the fold 22 and the non-folded web 27 on the support wall 3. In the upper area beyond the support wall 3 is connected to the solar module 2 in particular non-positively.

FIG. 10 shows a plan view of the support wall 3. Here again it can be seen that two portions of the support wall 3 form the folds 22 on the right and left of the slot 9 and thus on both sides of the web 27. By forming these folds 22, the web 27 stops and there is the slot 9 between the solar module upper edge 6 and the Abstützwandoberkante. 7

To test the statics of the flat roof attachments 1 shown in the exemplary embodiments, wind tunnel tests were carried out as follows: For the wind tunnel investigations, a rigid model of a flat roof attachment arrangement 21 in the geometric scale of 1: 30 was used, which was suitable for the measurement of mean and fluctuating wind pressures. The models were designed as measuring modules in such a way that both the wind-induced pressure on the surface (outside) and the wind-induced pressure on the underside (inside), due to the rear ventilation, could be detected simultaneously. The model was set up at various locations on a flat roof model to determine the respective wind load. Between the solar module 2 and the support wall 3 while the gap described according to the invention or the opening 9 was realized.

The models were positioned on a building model with a rectangular layout and flat roof construction. The model of the flat roof was dimensioned in the model so that it represents a typical industrial hall height of 10 m. Furthermore, the similarity of the flow and a realistic simulation of the wind flow were achieved with the flow in the wind tunnel. Thus, in addition to the modeling of the building, the lifelike simulation of the wind, which abstracted a turbulent boundary layer flow over a rough plate, represented in the wind tunnel. This applies both to the shape of the mean wind velocity profile and to the turbulence characteristics of the wind. In addition to the mean velocity profile, the velocity fluctuations around the mean value due to the gustiness of the natural wind were modeled. The for various locations of representative atmospheric boundary layer flow conditions, ie, the height-dependent distributions of mean wind speeds and wind gusts, were generated by means of roughness elements and vortex generators mounted on the wind tunnel floor at the beginning of the measurement section.

Both pressure surges on the top and bottom of the models of the flat roof attachment were installed so that the resulting differential pressures could be measured directly and simultaneously. The pressure coefficients determined in this way are directly transferable to the natural conditions because of the always observed laws of similarity.

As a result, it has been found that the flat roof attachment 1 according to the invention can be installed without ballast and without anchoring on a flat roof. The aerodynamically favorable embodiment with the open end faces and the opening from the outside into the cavity below the solar module 2 and the support wall 3 leads to a suction of the flat roof top 1 on the flat roof 8 and thus to a secure state.

Claims

claims

1. Flat roof top (1) comprising

at least one solar module (2) and one with respect to the solar module (2) inclined support wall (3),

wherein a lower solar module edge (4) and a lower supporting wall edge (5) are arranged parallel and spaced from one another and are designed to rest on a flat roof (8),

wherein a solar module upper edge (6) and a Abstützwandoberkante (7) are interconnected,

wherein the flat roof attachment (1) in the region of the solar module upper edge (6) and / or Abstützwandoberkante (7) has at least one opening (9), and wherein both end faces (10, 11) and the bottom (12) of the flat roof top (1) are open ,

2. Flat roof attachment according to claim 1, characterized in that the opening (9) is designed as a horizontal slot.

3. Flat roof attachment according to claim 2, characterized in that the upper contour of the opening (9) viewed in the longitudinal direction of the slot extends at a height to the horizontal.

4. Flat roof attachment according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the slot over at least half a module length (19), in particular over at least 2/3 of the module length (19) extends.

5. Flat roof attachment according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the horizontal slot (9) 2 cm to 6 cm, in particular 3 cm to 5 cm, in particular 4 cm wide.

6. Flat roof attachment according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized by a plurality of horizontal slots (9), wherein the plurality of horizontal slots (9) are arranged in alignment in the horizontal direction in order to avoid air turbulence.

Flat roof attachment according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the opening (9) in the support wall (3) or in the solar module (2) or between the solar module upper edge (6) and the Abstützwandoberkante (7) is arranged.

Flat roof attachment according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower solar module edge (4) and the lower supporting wall (5) are designed for wind-tight bearing on the flat roof (8).

Flat roof attachment according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flat roof attachment (1) has a triangular cross-section, and a first angle (a) between the solar module (2) and the flat roof (8) smaller a second angle (ß) between the support wall (3) and the flat roof (8).

Flat roof attachment according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first angle α between the solar module (2) and the flat roof (8) 15 ° to 35 °, in particular 20 ° to 30 °, in particular 25 °.

Flat roof attachment according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower solar module edge (4) and the lower supporting wall (5) by means of at least one connecting strut (17) are interconnected.

Flat roof attachment according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two end faces (10, 11) are completely open and between the two end faces (10, 11), with the exception of the optional connecting struts (17), a continuously free cavity.

13. A flat roof attachment arrangement (21), comprising a plurality of flat roof attachments (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flat roof attachments (1) are joined together at the front, so that a common cavity between the supporting walls (3) and the solar modules (2) is formed.