WO2011060988A1 - Electrical drive unit for a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Electrical drive unit for a motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011060988A1
WO2011060988A1 PCT/EP2010/064326 EP2010064326W WO2011060988A1 WO 2011060988 A1 WO2011060988 A1 WO 2011060988A1 EP 2010064326 W EP2010064326 W EP 2010064326W WO 2011060988 A1 WO2011060988 A1 WO 2011060988A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drive
electric motor
drive unit
electric
rotor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2010/064326
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Andreas Erban
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2011060988A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011060988A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/043—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B60L15/2036—Electric differentials, e.g. for supporting steering vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B60L15/2054—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed by controlling transmissions or clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K2007/0046—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor moving together with the vehicle body, i.e. moving independently from the wheel axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K2007/0061—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor axle being parallel to the wheel axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
    • B60L2220/40—Electrical machine applications
    • B60L2220/46—Wheel motors, i.e. motor connected to only one wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/12—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/421—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/46—Drive Train control parameters related to wheels
    • B60L2240/461—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/50—Drive Train control parameters related to clutches
    • B60L2240/507—Operating parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
    • B60L2270/10—Emission reduction
    • B60L2270/14—Emission reduction of noise
    • B60L2270/145—Structure borne vibrations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical drive unit for a motor vehicle, wherein at least two drive wheels (11a, 11b) arranged on either side of a driven axle are driven by an electrical motor independently of one another. In order to reduce the unsprung mass of the electrically driven motor vehicle, according to the invention an electrical motor unit (1) driving the two drive wheels (11a, 11b) independently of one another is arranged in a housing (2) and positioned in particular centered to the axle.

Description

Beschreibung  description
Titel title
Elektrische Antriebseinheit für ein Kraftfahrzeug Stand der Technik  Electric drive unit for a motor vehicle prior art
Die Erfindung betrifft eine elektrische Antriebseinheit für ein Kraftfahrzeug, bei welcher mindestens zwei, beidseitig zu einer angetriebenen Achse angeordnete Antriebsräder unabhängig voneinander elektromotorisch angetrieben sind. The invention relates to an electric drive unit for a motor vehicle, in which at least two, arranged on both sides of a driven axle drive wheels are driven independently of each other by an electric motor.
Es sind elektrische Antriebseinheiten von Kraftfahrzeugen bekannt, bei welchen die an einer anzutreibenden Fahrzeugachse, zu beiden Seiten der Fahrzeugsachse befestigten Antriebsräder jeweils von einem Elektromotor angetrieben werden. Der Elektromotor ist dabei an der Radnabe befestigt, um das jeweilige Antriebsrad direkt antreiben zu können. Durch diese Verbindung von Antriebsrad und Elektromotor erhöht sich die ungefederte Masse des Kraftfahrzeuges, wodurch das Fahrverhalten und der Fahrkomfort des Kraftfahrzeuges negativ beeinträchtigt werden. Electric drive units of motor vehicles are known, in which the drive wheels attached to a vehicle axle to be driven are fastened to both sides of the vehicle axle by an electric motor. The electric motor is fastened to the wheel hub in order to be able to drive the respective drive wheel directly. Through this connection of drive wheel and electric motor, the unsprung mass of the motor vehicle increases, whereby the driving behavior and ride comfort of the motor vehicle are adversely affected.
Offenbarung der Erfindung Disclosure of the invention
Die erfindungsgemäße elektrische Antriebseinheit für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 weist den Vorteil auf, dass durch die Verringerung der ungefederten Masse des elektrisch angetriebenen Kraftfahrzeuges der Fahrkomfort des Kraftfahrzeuges wesentlich verbessert wird, da dadurch das Dämpfungs- und Federsystem des Kraftfahrzeuges wesentlich differenzierter ausgelegt und die Federung sehr fein eingestellt werden kann. Die Fahrwerks- qualität wird durch die Reduzierung der ungefederten Massen verbessert. Dadurch, dass eine die beiden Räder unabhängig voneinander antreibende Elektromotoreinheit in einem Gehäuse angeordnet ist und achsmittig positioniert ist, sind die für den Antrieb der beiden Räder notwendigen Elektromotoren wesent- lieh preisgünstiger herstellbar, da nur ein Gehäuseteil notwendig ist. Es entfällt auch das konventionelle Achs-Differential des Standardantriebs, da an dieser Stelle der Achse die Elektromotoreinheit angeordnet ist, die gleichzeitig die Aufgaben des Achs-Differentials übernimmt. Der Wegfall von Gehäusemasse sowie die insbesondere mittige Anordnung der Elektromotoreinheit auf der Achse tragen wesentlich zur Reduzierung der ungefederten Massen des Kraftfahrzeuges bei. Die insbesondere mittige Anordnung der Elektromotoreinheit ermöglicht außerdem eine einfache Montage im Antriebsstrang. Vorteilhafterweise ist die Elektromotoreinheit als Doppelrotorantnebseinheit ausgebildet. Mittels der Doppelrotorantnebseinheit werden die beiden Antriebsräder mit nur einem Gehäusebauteil radindividuell angetrieben. Diese Anordnung reduziert nicht nur die ungefederten Massen des Kraftfahrzeuges, sondern ist auf Grund der kompakten Bauweise der Doppelrotorantnebseinheit auch platzspa- rend. Dadurch ist die Doppelrotorantnebseinheit kostengünstig herstellbar. The electric drive unit according to the invention for a motor vehicle having the features of claim 1 has the advantage that the ride comfort of the motor vehicle is substantially improved by reducing the unsprung mass of the electrically driven motor vehicle, as this designed the damping and suspension system of the motor vehicle substantially differentiated and the suspension can be adjusted very fine. Chassis quality is improved by reducing unsprung masses. Characterized in that an electric motor unit which drives the two wheels independently of one another is arranged in a housing and is positioned axially in the center, the electric motors necessary for driving the two wheels are essential. lent less expensive to produce, since only one housing part is necessary. It also eliminates the conventional axle differential of the standard drive, since at this point the axis of the electric motor unit is arranged, which also takes over the tasks of the axle differential. The elimination of housing ground and the particular central arrangement of the electric motor unit on the axis contribute significantly to the reduction of the unsprung masses of the motor vehicle. The particular central arrangement of the electric motor unit also allows easy installation in the drive train. Advantageously, the electric motor unit is designed as Doppelrotorantnebseinheit. By means of Doppelrotorantnebseinheit the two drive wheels are driven wheel individually with only one housing component. This arrangement not only reduces the unsprung masses of the motor vehicle, but is also space-saving due to the compact design of the Doppelrotorantnebseinheit. As a result, the Doppelrotorantnebseinheit is inexpensive to produce.
In einer Ausgestaltung ist jeder der beiden Rotoren der Doppelrotorantnebseinheit von einem Stator umgeben und bildet einen Elektromotorteilantrieb. Dadurch wird durch die Kombination jedes Rotors mit seinem eigenen Stator die Erzeu- gung zweier unabhängiger Drehfelder realisiert. Im Gegensatz zu zwei getrennten Elektromotoren, die als Einzelantrieb wirken, sind Einsparungen beim Statorgehäuse und der Lagerung der Doppelrotorantnebseinheit möglich. Mechanische Komponenten zur Kühlung und Schmierung der Doppelrotorantnebseinheit können gegenüber Einzelantrieben gemeinsam genutzt werden. Ein Invertermodul, auch Pulswechselrichter genannt, regelt die Frequenz, die Phase und die Motorströme der Doppelrotorantnebseinheit. Dieses Invertermodul muss nicht in allen Teilen gedoppelt werden, sondern nur die Komponenten, die zur individuellen Ansteuerung der radselektiven Statorwicklungen zwingend notwendig sind, wie beispielsweise das Leistungsschaltermodul. Eine Busanbindung und ein DC/DC- Wandler können für die beiden Elektromotoren, die in der Doppelrotorabtriebs- einheit ausgebildet sind, gemeinsam genutzt werden. In one embodiment, each of the two rotors of the Doppelrotorantnebseinheit is surrounded by a stator and forms a partial electric motor drive. As a result, the combination of each rotor with its own stator realizes the generation of two independent rotating fields. In contrast to two separate electric motors, which act as a single drive, savings in the stator housing and the storage of Doppelrotorantnebseinheit are possible. Mechanical components for cooling and lubricating the Doppelrotorantnebseinheit can be shared against individual drives. An inverter module, also called pulse inverter, regulates the frequency, the phase and the motor currents of the Doppelrotorantnebseinheit. This inverter module does not have to be doubled in all parts, but only the components that are absolutely necessary for the individual control of the wheel-selective stator windings, such as the circuit breaker module. A bus connection and a DC / DC converter can be shared for the two electric motors which are formed in the double rotor output unit.
In einer Weiterbildung weist der Elektromotorteilantrieb eine jeweils nur einen Rotor tragende Rotorwelle auf, die über ein Getriebe mit dem anzutreibenden Antriebsrad verbunden ist. Die Kopplung eines Rotors mit dem Getriebe vereinfacht die notwendige Drehzahlanpassung. Das Antriebsrad kann dabei jederzeit von dem Elektromotorteilantrieb abgekoppelt werden. Infolge der Bereitstellung von einem Getriebe für jeweils einen Elektromotorteilantrieb wird ein breiter Fahrgeschwindigkeitsbereich für jedes anzutreibende Antriebsrad abgedeckt. In a further development, the electric motor part drive has a rotor shaft which carries only one rotor and which is connected via a gear to the drive wheel to be driven. The coupling of a rotor with the transmission simplifies the necessary speed adjustment. The drive wheel can be used at any time be decoupled from the electric motor part drive. As a result of the provision of a transmission for each electric motor part drive a wide driving speed range for each drive wheel to be driven is covered.
In einer Variante ist das Getriebe ein- oder mehrstufig ausgebildet. Dadurch können für jedes Antriebsrad unabhängig voneinander verschiedene Gangstufen eingelegt werden. In one variant, the transmission is formed in one or more stages. As a result, different gear stages can be engaged independently of each other for each drive wheel.
Vorteilhafterweise ist jedes Antriebsrad über eine Seitenwelle mit dem zugehörigen Getriebe verbunden. Da die Getriebe nahe der insbesondere achsmittig positionierten Doppelrotorantriebseinheit angeordnet sind, wird die ungefederte Masse des Kraftfahrzeuges weiter verringert. Advantageously, each drive wheel is connected via a side shaft with the associated gear. Since the gearboxes are arranged close to the double-rotor drive unit positioned in particular in the center, the unsprung mass of the motor vehicle is further reduced.
In einer Ausgestaltung sind die Rotorwellen der beiden Elektromotorteilantriebe starr miteinander verbunden, z.B. beim Fahren im schwierigen Gelände, wie es mit Offroad-Fahrzeugen der Fall ist. Bei einer solchen starren Verbindung drehen sich beide Seitenwellen gleich schnell und das Antriebsmoment wird auf das Rad mit der höchsten Haftreibung übertragen. Darüber hinaus hat die starre Verbindung den Vorteil, unter Inkaufnahme einer gewissen Verspannung bei Kurvenfahrten, dass bei einem Ausfall eines Elektromotorteilantriebes der zweite Elektromotorteilantrieb beide Antriebsräder allein antreiben kann, wodurch eine Fortbewegung des Kraftfahrzeuges garantiert wird. In one embodiment, the rotor shafts of the two electric motor sub-drives are rigidly connected to each other, e.g. when driving in difficult terrain, as is the case with off-road vehicles. In such a rigid connection, both side shafts rotate equally fast and the drive torque is transmitted to the wheel with the highest static friction. In addition, the rigid connection has the advantage, at the expense of a certain tension when cornering, that in case of failure of an electric motor part drive, the second electric motor part drive can drive both drive wheels alone, whereby a movement of the motor vehicle is guaranteed.
In einer Weiterbildung sind die Rotorwellen der beiden Elektromotorteilantriebe über eine Kupplung miteinander verbunden. Der Einsatz einer solchen Kupplung ist insbesondere bei Offroadfahrzeugen von Vorteil, wo durch die Verbindung beider Rotoren über die Kupplung bei schwierigen Fahrsituationen das Antriebmoment beider Elektromotorteilantriebe auf ein Rad vereint werden kann. Eine solche schwierige Fahrsituation tritt beispielsweise bei einer Verschränkung der Achsen des Kraftfahrzeuges auf, wenn ein Antriebsrad nur geringen Bodenkontakt bzw. wenig Radaufstandskraft aufweist. Vorteilhafterweise wird dies aber nur auf den Traktionsfall im Anfahrbereich beschränkt, um die fahrdynamischen Vorteile des radindividuellen Antriebs außerhalb des Anfahrbereiches nicht negativ zu beeinflussen. In einer Ausgestaltung sind die Kupplung und/oder die beiden Elektromotorteilantriebe mit einem den Antrieb eines oder beider Antriebsräder steuernden Steuereinheit verbunden. Die Steuereinheit bestimmt in Abhängigkeit der durch Fahrzeugsensoren angezeigten Fahrsituation des Kraftfahrzeuges unabhängig vom Fahrer, ob die beiden Antriebsräder unabhängig voneinander bei geöffneterIn a further development, the rotor shafts of the two electric motor part drives are connected to one another via a coupling. The use of such a coupling is particularly advantageous in off-road vehicles, where the drive torque of both electric motor part drives can be combined on a wheel by connecting both rotors via the clutch in difficult driving situations. Such a difficult driving situation occurs, for example, in an entanglement of the axes of the motor vehicle, when a drive wheel has little ground contact or little wheel contact. Advantageously, however, this is limited only to the traction case in the starting range, so as not to negatively influence the driving dynamics advantages of the wheel-individual drive outside the starting range. In one embodiment, the clutch and / or the two electric motor part drives are connected to a control unit controlling the drive of one or both drive wheels. The control unit determines, depending on the driving situation of the motor vehicle displayed by vehicle sensors, regardless of the driver, whether the two drive wheels are independent of each other when opened
Kupplung oder bei geschlossener Kupplung mit einem starren Durchtrieb angetrieben werden. Clutch or driven with a closed clutch with a rigid drive.
Die Erfindung lässt zahlreiche Ausführungsformen zu. Eine davon soll anhand der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Figuren näher erläutert werden. The invention allows numerous embodiments. One of them will be explained in more detail with reference to the figures shown in the drawing.
Es zeigt: It shows:
Figur 1 : Prinzipdarstellung der Doppelrotorantnebseinheit Figure 1: Schematic representation of Doppelrotorantnebseinheit
Figur 2: ein Beispiel für die elektrische Verschaltung der Doppelrotorantnebseinheit Figure 2: an example of the electrical interconnection of Doppelrotorantnebseinheit
Gleiche Merkmale sind mit gleichen Bezugszeichen gekennzeichnet. Identical features are identified by the same reference numerals.
In Figur 1 ist eine Doppelrotorantnebseinheit 1 dargestellt, die im Antriebsstrang eines Kraftfahrzeuges mit einer elektrisch angetriebenen Hinterachse verbaut ist. Dies soll jedoch keine Einschränkung darstellen, da auch ein Einsatz der Doppelrotorantnebseinheit 1 an einer angetriebenen Vorderachse möglich ist. Die Dop- pelrotorantriebseinheit 1 ist dabei annähernd achsmittig angeordnet und befindet sich an der Position, wo normalerweise ein konventionelles Achs-Differential eingebaut ist, welches bei der vorliegenden Erfindung durch die Doppelrotorantnebseinheit 1 ersetzt wird. Die Doppelrotorantnebseinheit 1 ist in einem Gehäuse 2 angeordnet und besteht aus zwei Elektromotorteilantrieben 3 und 4. Jeder Elektromotorteilantrieb 3 und 4 weist dabei eine Statorwicklung 5a bzw. 5b auf, die einen Rotor 6a bzw. 6b umgibt. Der Rotor 6a bzw. 6b ist jeweils auf einer Rotorwelle 7a, 7b angeordnet, wobei die beiden Rotorwellen 7a und 7b über eine zwischen beiden Rotorwellen 7a, 7b positionierten Kupplung 8 verbindbar sind. Die Rotorwelle 7a, 7b führt an ein Getriebe 9a, 9b, welches jeweils ein vorgegebenes Übersetzungsverhältnis zur notwendigen Drehzahlanpassung aufweist. Das Getriebe 9a, 9b wiederum ist mit einer Seitenwelle 10a, 10b verbunden, die an das Antriebsrad 1 1 a, 1 1 b führt. Außerdem steht jede Seitenwelle 10a, 10b in einer Wirkverbindung mit der Radaufhängung bzw. einem Dämpferbein 12a, 12b eines Stoßdämpfers des Kraft- fahrzeugs. 1 shows a Doppelrotorantnebseinheit 1 is shown, which is installed in the drive train of a motor vehicle with an electrically driven rear axle. However, this is not intended to be limiting, since it is also possible to use the double rotor emergency unit 1 on a driven front axle. The double rotor drive unit 1 is arranged approximately axially and is located at the position where normally a conventional axle differential is installed, which is replaced in the present invention by the Doppelrotorantnebseinheit 1. The Doppelrotorantnebseinheit 1 is arranged in a housing 2 and consists of two electric motor part drives 3 and 4. Each electric motor part drive 3 and 4 in this case has a stator winding 5a and 5b, which surrounds a rotor 6a and 6b. The rotor 6a or 6b is in each case arranged on a rotor shaft 7a, 7b, wherein the two rotor shafts 7a and 7b can be connected via a coupling 8 positioned between the two rotor shafts 7a, 7b. The rotor shaft 7a, 7b leads to a gear 9a, 9b, which each have a predetermined gear ratio has the necessary speed adjustment. The transmission 9a, 9b in turn is connected to a side shaft 10a, 10b, which leads to the drive wheel 1 1 a, 1 1 b. In addition, each side shaft 10a, 10b is in operative connection with the wheel suspension or a shock absorber leg 12a, 12b of a shock absorber of the motor vehicle.
Wie aus der vorhergehenden Beschreibung ersichtlich, ist der Antriebstrang ausgehend von der Doppelrotorantnebseinheit 1 in Richtung des angetriebenen Rades 1 1 a, 1 1 b symmetrisch aufgebaut. Die Getriebe 9a, 9b sind zur Verbesserung der Massenverteilung des Kraftfahrzeuges in der Nähe der annähernd in der Mitte der Achse angeordneten Doppelrotorantnebseinheit 1 angeordnet und können je nach Bedarf die Verbindung des Elektromotorteilantriebes 3 bzw. 4 mit dem Antriebsrad 1 1 a bzw. 1 1 b herstellen oder diese unterbrechen. Die elektrische Verschaltung der Doppelrotorantnebseinheit 1 soll anhand vonAs can be seen from the preceding description, the drive train is constructed symmetrically, starting from the Doppelrotorantnebseinheit 1 in the direction of the driven wheel 1 1 a, 1 1 b. The gear 9a, 9b are arranged to improve the mass distribution of the motor vehicle in the vicinity of approximately in the middle of the axis arranged Doppelrotorantnebseinheit 1 and can, as required, the connection of the electric motor part drive 3 and 4 with the drive wheel 1 1 a and 1 1 b make or break this. The electrical interconnection of the Doppelrotorantnebseinheit 1 should be based on
Figur 2 näher erläutert werden. Jeder Elektromotorteilantrieb 3 bzw. 4 ist mit einem Leistungshalbleitermodul 13a bzw. 13b verbunden, mittels welchem ein Drehstrom zum Antrieb der Elektromotorteilantriebe 3, 4 erzeugt wird. Beide Leistungshalbleitermodule 13a, 13b führen auf einen Inverter 14, der auch als Pulswechselrichter bezeichnet wird und welcher eine von einer HochvoltbatterieFigure 2 will be explained in more detail. Each electric motor part drive 3 or 4 is connected to a power semiconductor module 13a or 13b, by means of which a three-phase current for driving the electric motor part drives 3, 4 is generated. Both power semiconductor modules 13a, 13b lead to an inverter 14, which is also referred to as a pulse inverter and which one of a high-voltage battery
15 gelieferte Gleichspannung von ungefähr 230 V in eine Wechselspannung umwandelt, die von den beiden Leistungshalbleitermodulen 13a, 13b weiter verarbeitet werden. Der Vollständigkeit halber soll noch erwähnt werden, dass, wenn die Elektromotorteilantriebe 3, 4 in einem Generatorbetrieb arbeiten, in welchem die vom Fahrzeug aufgebrachte mechanische Energie durch die Elektromotorteilantriebe 3, 4 in elektrische Energie umgewandelt wird, der Pulswechselrichter 14 diese von den Elektromotorteilantrieben 3, 4 aufgebrachte Wechselspannung in umgekehrter Richtung in eine Gleichspannung umwandelt, mittels welcher die Hochvoltbatterie 15 aufgeladen wird. 15 converts supplied DC voltage of about 230 V into an AC voltage, which are further processed by the two power semiconductor modules 13a, 13b. For completeness, it should be mentioned that when the electric motor part drives 3, 4 operate in a generator mode in which the mechanical energy applied by the vehicle is converted by the electric motor part drives 3, 4 into electrical energy, the pulse-controlled inverter 14 from the electric motor part drives 3, 4 applied AC voltage in the reverse direction into a DC voltage, by means of which the high-voltage battery 15 is charged.
Zwischen dem Pulswechselrichter 14 und der Hochvoltbatterie 15 ist ein DC/DC- Wandler 16 angeordnet, welcher eine Niedervoltbatterie 17 mit Spannung versorgt. Die Niedervoltbatterie 17 liegt auf einem Spannungsniveau von ungefähr 14 V, wobei der DC/DC-Wandler die an der Hochvoltbatterie 15 anliegende Spannung von 230 V in 14 V umwandelt. Mittels dieser Spannung von 14 Volt versorgt die Niedervoltbatterie 17 alle Steuergeräte des Kraftfahrzeuges mit Energie. Between the pulse inverter 14 and the high-voltage battery 15, a DC / DC converter 16 is arranged, which supplies a low-voltage battery 17 with voltage. The low-voltage battery 17 is at a voltage level of about 14 V, wherein the DC / DC converter converts the voltage applied to the high-voltage battery 15 from 230 V to 14 V. By means of this voltage of 14 volts the low-voltage battery 17 supplies all the control units of the motor vehicle with energy.
Die elektronische Ansteuerung der Elektromotorteilantriebe 3 und 4 erfolgt durch ein Steuergerät 18, welches über ein fahrzeugspezifisches Kommunikationsnetz 18, vorzugsweise einem CAN-Bus mit anderen, nicht weiter dargestellten Steuergeräten des Kraftfahrzeuges verbunden ist und von diesen Informationen über die aktuelle Fahrsituation des Kraftfahrzeuges erhält. In Auswertung dieser Informationen steuert das Steuergerät 18 die beiden Elektromotorteilantriebe 3, 4 getrennt voneinander oder gemeinsam an, wobei die im normalen Betriebsfall geöffnete Kupplung 7 durch ein Signal des Steuergerätes 18 geschlossen wird, wenn im Zustand des Anfahrens das von beiden Elektromotorteilantrieben 3, 4 erzeugte Drehmoment auf nur ein Antriebsrad 1 1 a, 1 1 b umgeleitet werden soll. The electronic control of the electric motor part drives 3 and 4 is carried out by a control unit 18, which is connected via a vehicle-specific communication network 18, preferably a CAN bus with other, not shown control units of the motor vehicle and receives information about the current driving situation of the motor vehicle. In evaluation of this information, the control unit 18 controls the two electric motor part drives 3, 4 separately or together, wherein the open in normal operation case clutch 7 is closed by a signal from the control unit 18, when generated by both electric motor part drives 3, 4 in the state of startup Torque on only one drive wheel 1 1 a, 1 1 b to be redirected.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1 . Elektrische Antriebseinheit für ein Kraftfahrzeug, bei welcher mindestens zwei, beidseitig zu einer angetriebenen Achse angeordnete Antriebsräder (1 1 a, 1 1 b) unabhängig voneinander elektromotorisch angetrieben sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine die beiden Antriebsräder (1 1 a, 1 1 b) unabhängig voneinander antreibende Elektromotoreinheit (1 ) in einem Gehäuse (2) angeordnet ist und insbesondere achsmittig positioniert ist. 1 . Electric drive unit for a motor vehicle, in which at least two drive wheels (11a, 11b) arranged on both sides of a driven axle are driven by an electric motor independently of one another, characterized in that one of the two drive wheels (11a, 11b) independently driving electric motor unit (1) is arranged in a housing (2) and in particular is positioned axially centered.
2. Elektrische Antriebseinheit nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elektromotoreinheit (1 ) als Doppelrotorantriebseinheit ausgebildet ist. 2. Electric drive unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric motor unit (1) is designed as a double rotor drive unit.
3. Elektrische Antriebseinheit nach Anspruch 2 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder der beiden Rotoren (6a, 6b) der Doppelrotorantriebseinheit (1 ) von einem Stator (5a, 5b) umgeben ist und einen Elektromotorteilantrieb (3, 4) bildet. 3. Electric drive unit according to claim 2, characterized in that each of the two rotors (6a, 6b) of the double-rotor drive unit (1) by a stator (5a, 5b) is surrounded and forms an electric motor part drive (3, 4).
4. Elektrische Antriebseinheit nach Anspruch 2 oder 3 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Elektromotorteilantrieb (3, 4) eine jeweils nur einen Rotor (6a, 6b) tragende Rotorwelle (7a, 7b) aufweist, die über ein Getriebe (9a, 9b) mit dem anzutreibenden Antriebsrad (1 1 a, 1 1 b) verbunden ist. 4. Electric drive unit according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the electric motor part drive (3, 4) each having only one rotor (6a, 6b) supporting the rotor shaft (7a, 7b), via a transmission (9a, 9b) with the to be driven drive wheel (1 1 a, 1 1 b) is connected.
5. Elektrische Antriebseinheit nach Anspruch 4 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Getriebe (9a, 9b) ein- oder mehrstufig ausgebildet ist. 5. Electric drive unit according to claim 4, characterized in that the transmission (9a, 9b) is formed in one or more stages.
6. Elektrische Antriebseinheit nach Anspruch 4 oder 5 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jedes Antriebsrad (1 1 a, 1 1 b) über eine Seitenwelle (10a, 10b) mit dem zugehörigen Getriebe (9a, 9b) verbunden ist. 6. Electric drive unit according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that each drive wheel (1 1 a, 1 1 b) via a side shaft (10 a, 10 b) with the associated transmission (9 a, 9 b) is connected.
7. Elektrische Antriebseinheit nach Anspruch 4 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rotorwellen (7a, 7b) der beiden Elektromotorteilantriebe (3, 4) für Offro- ad-Anwendungen starr miteinander verbunden sind. Elektrische Antriebseinheit nach Anspruch 4 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rotorwellen (7a, 7b) der beiden Elektromotorteilantriebe (3, 4) über eine Kupplung (8) miteinander verbunden sind. 7. Electric drive unit according to claim 4, characterized in that the rotor shafts (7a, 7b) of the two electric motor part drives (3, 4) are rigidly connected to each other for Offro ad applications. Electric drive unit according to claim 4, characterized in that the rotor shafts (7a, 7b) of the two electric motor part drives (3, 4) via a coupling (8) are interconnected.
Elektrische Antriebseinheit nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kupplung (8) und/oder die beiden Elektromotorteilantriebe (3, 4) mit einer den Antrieb eines oder beider Antriebsräder (1 1 a, 1 1 b) steuernden Steuereinheit (18) verbunden sind. Electric drive unit according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the clutch (8) and / or the two electric motor part drives (3, 4) with a drive one or both drive wheels (1 1 a, 1 1 b) controlling the control unit (18) are connected.
PCT/EP2010/064326 2009-11-23 2010-09-28 Electrical drive unit for a motor vehicle WO2011060988A1 (en)

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GB2566685A (en) * 2017-09-15 2019-03-27 Detroit Electric Ev Tech Zhejiang Limited Electrical vehicle and method of providing motive torque in electric vehicle using at least two electrical motors
GB2566685B (en) * 2017-09-15 2020-06-10 Detroit Electric Ev Tech Zhejiang Limited Electrical vehicle and method of providing motive torque in electric vehicle using at least two electrical motors
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