WO2011060655A1 - 软件业务功能覆盖率的统计方法及系统 - Google Patents

软件业务功能覆盖率的统计方法及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011060655A1
WO2011060655A1 PCT/CN2010/076267 CN2010076267W WO2011060655A1 WO 2011060655 A1 WO2011060655 A1 WO 2011060655A1 CN 2010076267 W CN2010076267 W CN 2010076267W WO 2011060655 A1 WO2011060655 A1 WO 2011060655A1
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Prior art keywords
software
service function
function coverage
coverage
statistical
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PCT/CN2010/076267
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
左军
罗漩
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2011060655A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011060655A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/36Preventing errors by testing or debugging software
    • G06F11/3668Software testing
    • G06F11/3672Test management
    • G06F11/3676Test management for coverage analysis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a statistical method and system for coverage of software service functions.
  • Software systems are inseparable from the test during the design and development process. According to the test phase, the tests can be divided into unit test, integration test and system test.
  • the coverage index is to indicate whether the test is fully metric. Among them, in the unit test, the coverage index is used more often, including: source code statement coverage or branch coverage, condition coverage, and for integration testing or system testing, due to the large amount of code, it is difficult to use the above indicators to measure , refers to software demand coverage or functional coverage. In the method of achieving coverage statistics, the coverage of unit tests has been supported by many test tools.
  • the commercial tools Cantata, CodeTest, etc. it generates a tracking version by scanning the source program, and automatically counts each item during the software execution process. Cover the information, and finally generate coverage indicators to facilitate the post-analysis of the tester.
  • manual test design and manual correspondence statistics are used to confirm the test execution coverage.
  • the above process is cumbersome and automated.
  • the degree of coverage is low.
  • the coverage of tracking is still based on user requirements or software system functions. It is relatively coarse. It is difficult to deepen the coverage of code-level business functions. It is difficult to strengthen code function coverage analysis and improve test case design to ensure the adequacy of testing. .
  • the present invention has been made in view of the problems in the related art that the process of confirming the test execution coverage is relatively cumbersome and low in automation in the related art. Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to provide a software service function coverage. Rate statistics method and device to solve at least the above problems
  • a statistical method of software service function coverage includes: scanning the software function coverage point of the software, obtaining logical relationship information composed of all service function coverage points of the software; testing the software by using predetermined test cases, and The real-time statistics traversal service function coverage point information; according to the service function coverage point information and the logical relationship information, the software service function coverage rate is counted.
  • a statistical system for software service function coverage is provided.
  • the statistical system for software service function coverage includes: an automatic scanning unit, configured to scan a software function coverage point of the software, and obtain logical relationship information composed of all service function coverage points of the software;
  • the collecting unit is configured to collect the business function coverage point information of the traversal in real time when testing the software by using the predetermined test case;
  • the service function coverage rate statistical unit is configured to collect the point information and the logical relationship information according to the service function, and calculate the software Business function coverage.
  • the invention provides a system for statistical software business function coverage and a corresponding working method thereof, and solves the problem that the process of confirming the test execution coverage in the related technology in the integration test and the system test is relatively cumbersome and has low automation degree.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a statistical method for software service function coverage according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a logical relationship of service function coverage points of a service function module in a software unit according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 3 is a schematic diagram of analysis based on code service function coverage statistics in a software system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a statistical method for software service function coverage according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • 5 is a structural block diagram of a statistical system for software service function coverage according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 6 is a structural block diagram of a statistical system for software service function coverage according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a structural block diagram of a statistical system for software service function coverage according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Step 1 Perform design and insertion of software code service function coverage points, which is a prerequisite for business function coverage statistics. Normally, this step is performed during the software code implementation phase, so that the statistical interface has been retained in the launched software; otherwise, the work for the tested software code to perform this step requires recompiling the software to generate a version with a statistical interface.
  • Step 2 Automatically scan the business function coverage points for the software with the statistical interface, and perform the automatic scanning processing of certain rules on the statistical interface version outputted in the first step to form a logical diagram of the software business function coverage points, which can be used for Coverage statistics in subsequent test executions.
  • the third step Carry out the actual test and coverage statistics. This step is based on the first step and the second step. The software with statistical interface is run, and a series of tests are carried out. As the test cases continue to increase, the code is passed. Test adjustments are made by real-time statistics of business function coverage.
  • Step 4 Perform coverage-based test results analysis based on the final output of the third step, including software module code function coverage analysis and test case completeness analysis to obtain more accurate test conclusions.
  • a statistical method for software service function coverage is provided.
  • 1 is a flow chart of a statistical method for software service function coverage according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method is applied to integration testing and system testing of software. As shown in FIG. 1, the method includes the following processing (step S101-step S105): Step S101: Perform a scan of the service function coverage point of the software, and obtain logical relationship information formed by the coverage points of all the service functions of the software.
  • the software in the foregoing step S101 includes at least one of the following: Software to be tested; recompile software with statistical interface generated by software to be tested without statistical interface.
  • the so-called generation of software with a statistical interface that is, the identification of the business function coverage point of the software, further, the designed business function coverage point is set at the corresponding position of the code, to achieve the point when the code runs to the position. Can be counted.
  • recompiling the software to be tested without the statistical interface to generate the software having the statistical interface may further comprise the following processing:
  • step S101 performing a sweep of the service function coverage point on the software having the statistical interface may further include the following processing:
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the logical relationship of service function coverage points of a service function module in a software unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the business function coverage point is set according to the main operation of the business function, and the circle in the figure indicates the coverage point.
  • the coverage point cascading relationship is divided, for example, Layer 1, Layer 2, Layer 3, Layer 4, where the service function coverage point in Layer 2 is the function expansion of some service function coverage points in Layer 1, Lay er3
  • the service function coverage point is the function deployment of some service function coverage points in Layer 2.
  • the service function coverage point in Layer 4 is the coverage point of some service functions in Layer 3.
  • the service function coverage point 1 is unconditional access, that is, the code operation must be executed to this point, the service function coverage point 2, the service function coverage point 3, the service function coverage point 4, and the service function.
  • the coverage point 5 is conditional access, that is, the condition corresponding to each service function coverage point is executed if it is satisfied, and the service function coverage point 2 and the service function coverage point 3 belong to the same group, and the service function coverage point 4 and the service function coverage point 5 It belongs to another group, which means that the service function coverage point 2 and the processing function of the service function coverage point 3 are the same type of business processing, such as if/else branch processing corresponding to a certain business operation of the code, and the business function coverage point 4 and the service
  • the processing branch where the function coverage point 5 is located corresponds to another type of business processing, such as if/else branch processing corresponding to another business operation subsequent to the code.
  • the business function coverage point represented by the virtual circle (for example, the first, second, and fifth circles in Layerl is imaginary) is used to indicate the actual location of the test run, from which the business function can be displayed.
  • Entity code function coverage for example, according to the Layer 1 level of business function coverage rate of 60% ( 3/5 ), Layer 2 level of business function coverage rate of 40% ( 10 / 25 ), Layer 3 level of business function coverage 26.7% (4/15), the Layer 4 business function coverage rate is 0% ( 0/5 ), and the total code business function coverage rate is 34% ( 17/50 ).
  • Step S103 The software is tested by using a predetermined test case, and the traversed service function coverage point information is collected in real time.
  • Step S105 According to the service function coverage point information and the logical relationship information, the software service function coverage rate is calculated. information. Steps S103 and S105 are exemplified in the following with reference to FIG. 2.
  • the service function coverage point indicated by the virtual circle is used to indicate the location actually visited (traversed) during the test operation (ie, the service function coverage point information).
  • the coverage of the business function entity code function (that is, the information of the software business function coverage), for example, according to the Layer 1 level of business function coverage rate of 60% ( 3/5 ), Layer 2 level
  • the business function coverage rate is 40% (10/25)
  • the Layer 3 level business function coverage rate is 26.7% (4/15)
  • the Layer 4 level service function coverage rate is 0% (0/5), the total code business function.
  • the coverage rate is 34% (17/50).
  • the following processing may also be included: (1) determining whether the test meets the predetermined test requirement; wherein the predetermined test requirement may include at least one of the following: the software service function coverage rate is greater than or equal to the predetermined coverage rate indicator; and the predetermined at least one service function coverage point is traversed.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of analysis based on code service function coverage statistics in a software system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a software system can be divided into thousands of software units, as shown in Figure 1, unit 1, unit 2, unit 3, each software unit is divided into several business function entities (service function modules), as shown in the figure Entity 1-1, Service Function Entity 1-2, Service Function Entity 2-1, Service Function Entity 2-2, Service Function Entity 2-3, Service Function Entity 3-1, Service Function Entity 3-2,
  • service function modules business function entities
  • the business function entity coverage points of each service function entity are virtual. Indicates the coverage of the service functions that have been covered. Integrating these views into the software system view can analyze the test coverage of the entire software system as a whole.
  • Step S401 business function coverage point design and insertion
  • this step corresponds to the software code service function coverage point insertion module in the foregoing system, is in the software code
  • the process of locating and marking a series of coverage points reflecting code business functions can be divided into the following three steps.
  • Step S403 The service function coverage point is automatically scanned. This step corresponds to the software code service function coverage point automatic scanning module in the foregoing system, and is used to automatically generate a service function coverage point logic diagram, and can be further divided into the following three steps:
  • Step S405 Test and coverage statistics, this step corresponds to the service function coverage point embedded collection module, the service function coverage statistics execution module, and the service function coverage rate statistics module in the foregoing system, which is performed for the software function coverage point insertion software.
  • the software testing process counts the coverage of the business functions that the software actually runs.
  • step S405 can include the following four steps:
  • Design test case This step firstly designs the test case according to the test procedure, and can judge the completeness of the use case design according to the coverage of the test requirement. At the same time, this step also includes supplementing the test content missing from the above use case design.
  • the design which is followed by step (4) in step S405, supplements the use case design based on the business function coverage situation.
  • test case designed in step S403 can be a manual use case or an automatic use case to drive the business function coverage statistics.
  • step S401 of this method can synchronize the business function coverage point information actually accessed in the statistical code, and these service function coverage points
  • the information can be processed in real time, and combined with the business function coverage point logic diagram outputted in step S403, and then converted into software code business function coverage data.
  • step S405 Determine whether the coverage rate meets the requirements, and judge the obtained software code service function coverage rate after running the test case. Determine whether the test is based on the predefined coverage indicator or some business function processing points that must be covered. If it is not satisfied, the process proceeds to step (1) in step S405 to perform a supplementary design of the new test case; if the requirement is satisfied, the process proceeds to step S407.
  • Step S407 analysis based on coverage test results; after all test case tests are completed, more accurate test analysis can be performed according to the obtained code service function coverage data.
  • the service function coverage of each business function entity of each software module in the entire software system can be summarized to understand the service function coverage of each module under the current test situation, and the increase with the targeted operation of the new use case. Coverage situation, business function coverage analysis from the code level; and then can be used to test the completeness analysis of the use case, to clarify the status of the test case set under different test coverage conditions, thereby optimizing and further supplementing the use case set, or removing redundancy
  • the remaining use cases provide an additional perspective on whether the software test can end.
  • FIG. 5 is a structural block diagram of a statistical system for software service function coverage according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 6 is a structural block diagram of a statistical system for software service function coverage according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • a statistical system for software service function coverage according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: an automatic scanning unit 50, a service function coverage point information collecting unit 52, and a service function coverage rate statistics unit 54, which are described below in conjunction with FIG. description.
  • the automatic scanning unit 50 is configured to scan the software function coverage point of the software, and obtain the logical relationship information formed by the coverage points of all the service functions of the software.
  • the automatic scanning unit may further include:
  • the file scanning module 500 is configured to scan the compiled file of the software, and the source code scanning module 502 is configured to scan the source code of the software.
  • the service function coverage point information collecting unit 52 is connected to the automatic scanning unit 50, and is configured to perform real-time statistics on the traversed service function coverage point information when the software is tested by using a predetermined test case; the service function coverage rate statistics unit 54, and
  • the service function coverage point information collecting unit 52 is connected to collect the software service function coverage rate according to the service function coverage point information and the logical relationship information.
  • the apparatus may further include: a software code service function coverage point insertion unit 56, configured to identify a service function coverage point of the software code, and generate software with a statistical interface.
  • the apparatus may further include: a determining unit 58 connected to the service function coverage rate statistics unit, configured to determine whether the current test meets the predetermined test requirement; the test case supplementing unit 60, and the determining unit The 58-phase connection is used to supplement the test case when the test does not meet the predetermined test requirements.
  • the business function coverage point information collecting unit 52 collects the traversed business function coverage point information in real time when testing the software with the new test case.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural block diagram of a statistical system for software service function coverage according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the system can include two major components: a software system to be tested and a business function coverage statistics system.
  • the software system to be tested is composed of the software object to be tested and the business function coverage point embedded in the collection unit (equivalent to the business function coverage point information collection unit in FIG.
  • the software object to be tested is the software to be tested to be statistically covered, and may be 1000 software unit components, business function coverage point embedded collection unit is an adaptation unit embedded for statistical business function coverage, and the software object to be tested runs in a system; business function coverage statistical system is inserted by the software code business function coverage point
  • the software code service function coverage point automatic scanning unit (equivalent to the automatic scanning unit in FIG. 5), the business function coverage statistical execution unit, and the business function coverage rate statistical unit (corresponding to the business function coverage rate statistical unit in FIG. 5),
  • the two systems are associated by a communication interface (for example, a SOCKET interface), and the business function coverage point embedded in the software system to be tested is integrated with the business function coverage statistical execution unit in the business function coverage point statistical system.
  • the software code service function coverage point insertion unit (corresponding to the software code service function coverage point insertion unit in FIG. 5) completes the coverage of the tested software code service function.
  • Design insert If the design insertion of the business function coverage point has been carried out in the software code coding implementation phase, the software has a statistical interface, and the work of this unit can be squandered. As shown in FIG. 7, if the design insertion of the service function coverage point is not performed in the software code coding implementation phase, the software code service function coverage point insertion unit needs to identify the service function coverage point, and output a version having a statistical interface. It can be used as input for the other two units.
  • the flow of information becomes the automatic scanning unit input of the software code service function coverage point.
  • the unit automatically scans the software compilation file and the source code to integrate the software code business function coverage points to generate a summary.
  • the service function covers the point logic diagram; on the other hand, the information flow shown in the figure 2 is provided to the tested software object with the business function coverage statistical interface of the software system under test, forming the actual running software; when testing the software, the tested software.
  • the information of the service function coverage point in the object is collected by the business function coverage point embedded in the collection unit in real time.
  • the unit interfaces with the business function coverage statistical execution unit through the communication interface, and collects the real-time.
  • the service function coverage point information is reported, as shown in the information flow direction in the figure; the service function coverage statistics execution unit processes the received service function coverage point information actually traversed, and integrates and merges according to the classification rule of the service function coverage point. And transfer the results to business functions Coverage statistics unit, as shown in the information flow direction in Figure 5; after receiving the service function coverage point integration information from the business function coverage statistics execution unit, the service function coverage statistics unit will use the information flow as shown in the figure 6
  • the software code service function covers the business function coverage point logic diagram output by the automatic scanning unit, performs the business function coverage statistics of the tested software object, and obtains the software code business function coverage rate information actually traversed after the test.
  • the process of confirming the test execution coverage in the integration test and the system test in the related technology can be solved, which is cumbersome and low in automation.
  • the problem in turn, can form a process of automated statistics, greatly improving the statistical efficiency of coverage.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a statistical method and system for software service function coverage, which can overcome the related techniques in software integration testing and system testing, and can only be performed manually, and cannot Drill down to the shortcomings of code-level business function coverage, and meet the software system functional coverage statistics under the integration test and system test
  • the large size of the code and the process of automated statistics greatly improve the efficiency of coverage statistics and better support for test case completeness design, and provide another view of whether software integration testing and system testing can be ended. Angle.
  • the above modules or steps of the present invention can be implemented by a general-purpose computing device, which can be concentrated on a single computing device or distributed over a network composed of multiple computing devices.
  • the invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
  • the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

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Description

软件业务功能 ¾ ^率的统计方法及系统 技术领域 本发明涉及通信领域, 具体而言, 涉及一种软件业务功能覆盖率的统计 方法及系统。 背景技术 软件系统在设计开发过程中离不开测试, 根据测试阶段进行划分, 测试 可以分为单元测试、 集成测试和系统测试, 覆盖率指标是为表示测试是否充 分一个度量维度。 其中, 在单元测试中, 覆盖率指标用的比较多, 通常包括: 源代码语句覆盖率或分支覆盖率、 条件覆盖率, 而对于集成测试或系统测试 由于代码数量庞大, 难以用上述指标来测算, 则多指软件需求覆盖率或功能 覆盖率。 在实现覆盖率统计的方法上, 单元测试各项覆盖率已经有不少测试工具 支持, 例如, 商用工具 Cantata, CodeTest等, 它通过扫描源程序生成跟踪版 本, 在软件执行过程中自动统计各项覆盖信息, 最终生成覆盖率指标, 方便 测试者的事后分析。 但是, 对于集成测试和系统测试而言, 相对应的覆盖率指标则没有现成 的自动统计支持, 一般是通过手工进行文档设计及手工对应统计, 来确认测 试执行覆盖情况, 上述过程比较繁瑣且自动化程度低, 跟踪的覆盖率还是以 用户需求或软件系统功能为粒度, 相对较粗, 对代码级的业务功能点覆盖难 以深入, 难以加强代码功能覆盖分析而完善测试用例设计, 保证测试的充分 性。 发明内容 针对相关技术中在集成测试和系统测试中, 确认测试执行覆盖情况的过 程比较繁瑣且自动化程度低的问题而提出本发明, 为此, 本发明的主要目的 在于提供一种软件业务功能覆盖率统计方法及装置, 以解决上述问题至少之
根据本发明的一个方面, 提供了一种软件业务功能覆盖率的统计方法。 根据本发明的软件业务功能覆盖率的统计方法包括: 对软件进行业务功 能覆盖点的扫描, 获取软件的所有业务功能覆盖点所组成的逻辑关系信息; 采用预定的测试用例对软件进行测试, 并实时统计遍历的业务功能覆盖点信 息;根据业务功能覆盖点信息与逻辑关系信息,统计出软件业务功能覆盖率。 根据本发明的另一方面, 提供了一种软件业务功能覆盖率的统计系统。 根据本发明的软件业务功能覆盖率的统计系统包括: 自动扫描单元, 用 于对软件进行业务功能覆盖点的扫描, 获取软件的所有业务功能覆盖点所组 成的逻辑关系信息; 业务功能覆盖点信息收集单元, 用于在采用预定的测试 用例对软件进行测试时, 实时统计遍历的业务功能覆盖点信息; 业务功能覆 盖率统计单元, 用于根据业务功能覆盖点信息与逻辑关系信息, 统计出软件 业务功能覆盖率。 通过本发明, 提供一种统计软件业务功能覆盖率的系统及其对应的工作 方法, 解决了相关技术中在集成测试和系统测试中, 确认测试执行覆盖情况 的过程比较繁瑣且自动化程度低的问题, 进而可以形成自动化统计的过程, 大大提高覆盖率统计效率。 附图说明 此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解, 构成本申请的一部 分, 本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明, 并不构成对本发明的 不当限定。 在附图中: 图 1是根据本发明实施例的软件业务功能覆盖率的统计方法的流程图; 图 2是根据本发明实施例的软件单元中某业务功能模块的业务功能覆盖 点的逻辑关系示意图; 图 3是根据本发明实施例的软件系统中基于代码业务功能覆盖率统计的 分析示意图; 图 4是#>据本发明优选实施例的软件业务功能覆盖率的统计方法的流程 图; 图 5 是根据本发明实施例的软件业务功能覆盖率的统计系统的结构框 图; 图 6是根据本发明优选实施例的软件业务功能覆盖率的统计系统的结构 框图; 图 7 是根据本发明实施例的软件业务功能覆盖率的统计系统的结构框 图。 具体实施方式 本发明提供了一种软件业务功能覆盖率的统计方案, 该方案思想如下: 第一步: 进行软件代码业务功能覆盖点设计及插入, 这是进行业务功能 覆盖率统计的前提。 正常情况这个步骤在软件代码实现阶段即进行, 这样在 推出的软件中就已经留好这个统计接口; 否则针对被测软件代码再进行这个 步骤的工作, 需要重新编译软件生成具有统计接口的版本。 第二步: 针对具有统计接口的软件进行业务功能覆盖点自动扫描, 通过 对第一步输出的具有统计接口版本进行一定规则的自动化扫描处理, 形成软 件业务功能覆盖点的组成逻辑图, 可用于后续测试执行中覆盖率统计。 第三步: 进行实际的测试及覆盖率统计, 本步在第一步和第二步工作的 基础上展开, 运行具有统计接口的软件, 开展一系列测试, 随测试用例的不 断增加, 通过代码业务功能覆盖率的实时统计而进行测试调整。 第四步: 根据第三步的最后输出进行基于覆盖率的测试结果分析, 包括 软件模块代码功能覆盖情况分析及测试用例完备性分析, 以得出更加准确的 测试结论。 下文中将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。 需要说明的是, 在 不冲突的情况下, 本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。 下面结合附图, 对技术方案的实施作进一步的描述: 方法实施例 根据本发明的实施例, 提供了一种软件业务功能覆盖率的统计方法。 图 1是根据本发明实施例的软件业务功能覆盖率的统计方法的流程图。 其中, 该方法应用于软件的集成测试及系统测试, 如图 1所示, 该方法包括 以下处理 (步骤 S 101-步骤 S 105 ): 步骤 S 101 : 对软件进行业务功能覆盖点的扫描, 获取软件的所有业务功 能覆盖点所组成的逻辑关系信息; 优选地, 上述步骤 S 101 中的软件包括以下至少之一: 已具有统计接口 的待测试软件; 重编译不具有统计接口的待测试软件生成的具有统计接口的 软件。 其中, 所谓生成具有统计接口的软件, 即对软件的业务功能覆盖点进行 标识, 进一步地, 将设计好的业务功能覆盖点在代码的相应位置进行设置, 以实现代码运行到此位置时该点可以被统计到。 优选地, 重编译不具有统计接口的待测试软件生成具有统计接口的软件 可以进一步包括以下处理:
( 1 )对待测试软件的业务功能进行分析;
( 2 )根据业务功能选取待测试软件的业务功能覆盖点;
( 3 )对待测试软件的业务功能覆盖点进行标识, 生成具有统计接口的 软件。 优选地, 步骤 S 101 中, 对具有统计接口的软件进行业务功能覆盖点的 扫 4 可以进一步包括以下处理:
( 1 )对具有统计接口的软件的编译文件进行扫描;
( 2 )对具有统计接口的软件的源代码进行扫描。 优选地, 上述逻辑关系信息可以以逻辑图的形式进行呈现, 具体可以参 见图 2。 图 2是根据本发明实施例的软件单元中某业务功能模块的业务功能覆盖 点的逻辑关系示意图。 如图 2所示, 从业务功能实体的代码入口 (入口函数) 开始, 根据业务功能的主要操作进行业务功能覆盖点设置, 图中圓圈即表示 覆盖点。 图中按照覆盖点级联关系进行了划分, 例如, 层(Layer ) 1、 Layer2、 Layer3、 Layer4, 其中, Layer2中业务功能覆盖点为 Layerl中某些业务功能 覆盖点的功能展开, Lay er3中业务功能覆盖点为 Layer2中某些业务功能覆盖 点的功能展开, Layer4中业务功能覆盖点为 Layer3中某些业务功能覆盖点的 功能展开, 形如函数调用关系; 在同一个 Layer级别中各业务功能覆盖点依 照业务处理流程的分支形成不同进入条件, 如图以弯钩的图标表示, 上下相 连的业务功能覆盖点可以有各种条件进入关系,同时也可有不同的分组关系。 如图 Layerl级别共有五个业务功能覆盖点,其中业务功能覆盖点 1为无条件 进入, 即代码运行至此一定被执行, 业务功能覆盖点 2、 业务功能覆盖点 3、 业务功能覆盖点 4、 业务功能覆盖点 5为条件进入, 即各业务功能覆盖点对 应的条件如果满足就会被执行, 同时业务功能覆盖点 2与业务功能覆盖点 3 属于同一组, 业务功能覆盖点 4与业务功能覆盖点 5属于另外一组, 表示业 务功能覆盖点 2与业务功能覆盖点 3所在处理分支是同一类业务处理, 如对 应于代码的某个业务操作的 if/else分支处理, 而业务功能覆盖点 4与业务功 能覆盖点 5所在处理分支则对应另一类业务处理, 如对应于代码随后的另一 个业务操作的 if/else分支处理。 在图 2中, 以虚圈 (例如, Layerl 中第 1、 2和 5 圈为虚圏)表示的业 务功能覆盖点用来表示测试运行中实际走到的位置, 从此视图中可以展示这 个业务功能实体代码功能覆盖情况, 例如, 根据图 Layerl级别的业务功能覆 盖率为 60% ( 3/5 ), Layer2级别的业务功能覆率为 40% ( 10/25 ), Layer3级 别的业务功能覆率为 26.7%( 4/15 ), Layer4级别的业务功能覆率为 0%( 0/5 ), 总的代码业务功能覆率为 34% ( 17/50 )。 步骤 S 103 : 采用预定的测试用例对软件进行测试, 并实时统计遍历的业 务功能覆盖点信息; 步骤 S 105 : 才艮据业务功能覆盖点信息与逻辑关系信息, 统计出软件业务 功能覆盖率的信息。 以下结合图 2进行步骤 S 103、 步骤 S 105举例说明, 在图 2中, 以虚圈 表示的业务功能覆盖点用来表示测试运行中实际走到 (遍历) 的位置 (即业 务功能覆盖点信息),从此视图中可以展示这个业务功能实体代码功能覆盖情 况(即软件业务功能覆盖率的信息), 例如, 根据图 Layer 1级别的业务功能 覆盖率为 60% ( 3/5 ), Layer2级别的业务功能覆率为 40% ( 10/25 ), Layer3 级别的业务功能覆率为 26.7% ( 4/15 ), Layer4 级别的业务功能覆率为 0% ( 0/5 ), 总的代码业务功能覆率为 34% ( 17/50 )。 优选地, 在统计出软件业务功能覆盖率的信息之后, 还可以包括以下处 理: ( 1 ) 判断本次测试是否满足预定测试要求; 其中, 上述预定测试要求可以包括以下至少之一: 软件业务功能覆盖率 大于等于预定覆盖率指标; 预定的至少一个业务功能覆盖点被遍历到。
( 2 )在本次测试不满足预定测试要求时, 对测试用例进行补充, 直至 后续测试满足预定测试要求。 在具体实施过程中, 基于步骤 S 105 中描述的覆盖率统计结果, 可以进 行基于覆盖率测试结果的分析, 包括: 软件模块代码功能覆盖情况分析及测 试用例完备性分析, 以得出更加准确的测试结论。 以下结合图 3进行描述。 图 3是根据本发明实施例的软件系统中基于代码业务功能覆盖率统计的 分析示意图。 如图 3所示, 一个软件系统可以分为若千软件单元, 如图为单 元 1、单元 2、单元 3,各软件单元又分为若干业务功能实体(业务功能模块), 如图为业务功能实体 1-1、 业务功能实体 1-2、 业务功能实体 2-1、 业务功能 实体 2-2、 业务功能实体 2-3、 业务功能实体 3-1、 业务功能实体 3-2 , 图中表 示出软件系统各模块及业务功能实体间的相互交互关系; 在测试完成后, 各 业务功能实体的业务功能覆盖率得以统计, 如图 3所示, 各业务功能实体业 务功能覆盖点视图中虚圏表示已经覆盖的业务功能覆盖点, 将这些视图整合 在软件系统视图中, 可以从总体上对整个软件系统的测试覆盖进行分析, 如 图业务功能实体 2-3完全没有覆盖到, 说明缺少相关测试用例来驱动, 进而 有针对性的分析软件功能增加相应用例, 完善测试用例集合。 图 4是#>据本发明优选实施例的软件业务功能覆盖率的统计方法的流程 图。 如图 4所示, 该方法包括以下处理 (步骤 S401-步驟 S405 ): 步骤 S401 : 业务功能覆盖点设计及插入, 此步骤对应于前述系统中软件 代码业务功能覆盖点插入模块, 是在软件代码中对一系列反映代码业务功能 覆盖点进行定位与标记的过程, 又可分为以下三个步骤。 ( 1 )软件代码业务功能分析 在软件系统进行代码实现时, 对所要实现的内容就已经分好了软件模块 及其各自待实现的详细业务功能, 在软件层次上可以将软件系统看成是由若 千软件模块组成, 模块之间有明确的外部交互接口, 各模块协同工作共同完 成整个软件功能; 每个软件模块内部分又可按待实现的业务功能分为若干业 务功能实体, 这些业务功能实体在运行中相对独立又相互关联, 之间有明确 的内部交互接口, 用于协同完成本模块的各项业务功能, 一般情况下这种业 务功能实体以进程或线程的方式出现, 有明确的代码入口, 再通过一系列函 数的串联完成本实体的功能, 是软件系统在代码实现上真正的载体。 本步骤 所做的工作就是以业务功能实体为基本对象,对实际代码进行业务功能分析, 将软件代码所实现的业务操作按顺序对应出来, 相当于从业务的角度对代码 进行的解释。
( 2 )反映业务功能覆盖点选择 在代码业务功能分析的基础上, 将反映代码业务处理的各种操作进行一 定程度的归并整理, 把这些归并后的关键操作位置做为业务功能覆盖点选择 出来。首先是对应于代码的不同处理分支进行整理以反映不同业务处理流程; 然后在同一处理分支流程中进行主要操作确认保留 (即本流程分支所实现业 务功能主要步骤),对于同主要操作相串行的次要操作进行去除,其业务处理 描述可以归并入对应的主要操作, 一个主要操作位置即对应设置一个业务功 能覆盖点, 这样就形成此分支的一个覆盖点集合; 然后将这些不同分支覆盖 点集合进行适当分组划分, 属于同一组的不同分支覆盖点表示对同一类业务 操作的不同处理, 对应于代码对某类业务处理的不同分支, 如 ifelse分支; 最后对所选择出来的各分支各覆盖点进行上下级的关联, 类似于函数间调用 关系, 也对应于业务处理的分屋展开; 详细说明请参见附图 2的描述。 ( 3 )在代码中实现业务功能覆盖点插入 将所设计好的业务功能覆盖点在代码相应位置进行设置, 以实现代码运 行至此位置时点位可以被统计到。 所有这些业务功能覆盖点整合在一起就可 以表示软件代码的业务功能情况, 当某些覆盖点被实际统计到时, 就可以计 算出对应的业务功能覆盖率。 步骤 S403 : 业务功能覆盖点自动扫描, 本步骤对应于前述系统中软件代 码业务功能覆盖点自动扫描模块, 用于自动生成业务功能覆盖点逻辑图, 又 可分为以下三个步骤:
( 1 )基于编译文件的信息扫描 针对加入业务功能覆盖点的被测软件, 首先从其编译文件入手进行信息 扫描, 提取代码中从业务功能实体入口开始的各业务功能覆盖点的分布级联 关系, 输出构建业务功能覆盖点逻辑图的第一阶段信息。
( 2 )基于源代码的信息扫描 针对加入业务功能覆盖点的被测软件, 还需要从其源代码入手进行更多 信息扫描, 提取描述业务功能覆盖点功能说明及反映业务功能覆盖点分组分 支关系说明, 输出构建业务功能覆盖点逻辑图的第二阶段信息。
( 3 ) 业务功能覆盖点逻辑图生成 综合步驟 S403 中的上述步骤( 1 )、 (2 ) 生成的信息, 整合生成完整的 以软件代码中业务功能实体为基本对象的业务功能覆盖点逻辑图。 步骤 S405: 测试及覆盖率统计, 本步骤对应于前述系统中业务功能覆盖 点嵌入收集模块、 业务功能覆盖统计执行模块、 业务功能覆盖率统计模块, 是针对业务功能覆盖点插入后的软件进行的软件测试过程, 对软件实际运行 的业务功能覆盖率进行统计。 具体地, 步骤 S405可以包括以下四个步骤:
( 1 )设计测试用例 本步骤首先根据测试规程进行测试用例的设计, 可按照测试需求的覆盖 情况来初步判定用例设计的完备性; 同时本步驟也包括对上述用例设计中遗漏的测试内容进行补充设计, 其 承接于步骤 S405 中的步骤 (4 ), 是基于业务功能覆盖率情况来补充用例设 计。
( 2 )执行已定义测试用例 执行步骤 S403 中的中设计好的测试用例, 可以是手工用例也可以是自 动化用例, 以实现业务功能覆盖率统计的驱动。
( 3 ) 业务功能覆盖率实时统计 在执行测试用例过程中, 釆用本方法步骤 S401 实现的业务功能覆盖点 的软件可以同步统计代码中实际走到的业务功能覆盖点信息, 这些业务功能 覆盖点信息可以被实时处理, 结合步骤 S403输出的业务功能覆盖点逻辑图, 进而转化成软件代码业务功能覆盖率数据。 ( 4 ) 判断覆盖率是否满足要求 在运行完测试用例后对获得的软件代码业务功能覆盖率进行判断, 以事 先定义的覆盖率指标或某些必须覆盖的业务功能处理点是否走到来决定测试 是否完成, 如果未能满足要求则转到步骤 S405中的步骤 ( 1 )进行新测试用 例的补充设计; 如果已满足要求就可以进入步骤 S407。 步骤 S407: 基于覆盖率的测试结果分析; 在所有测试用例测试完成后, 可以依据所获得的代码业务功能覆盖率数 据进行更准确的测试分析。 可对整个软件系统中各软件模块的各业务功能实 体的业务功能覆盖率进行汇总, 以了解在当前测试情况下各模块的业务功能 覆盖情况, 以及随着新增用例的针对性运行而增加的覆盖率情况, 从代码级 进行业务功能覆盖分析; 进而可用于测试用例完备性分析, 明确在满足不同 测试覆盖率条件下测试用例集合的状况, 从而对用例集合进行优化及进一步 补充, 或去除冗余的用例, 对于软件测试是否可以结束提供了另一个检视的 角度。 通过上述实施例, 提供了一种软件业务功能覆盖率的统计方法。 在集成 测试和系统测试中, 筒化了测试过程, 提高了测试自动化程度, 从而可以大 大提高覆盖率统计效率。 装置实施例 根据本发明的实施例, 提供了一种软件业务功能覆盖率的统计装置。 图 5 是根据本发明实施例的软件业务功能覆盖率的统计系统的结构框 图。 图 6是根据本发明优选实施例的软件业务功能覆盖率的统计系统的结构 框图。 如图 5所示, 4 据本发明实施例的软件业务功能覆盖率的统计系统包 括: 自动扫描单元 50、 业务功能覆盖点信息收集单元 52、 业务功能覆盖率 统计单元 54, 以下结合图 6进行描述。 自动扫描单元 50, 用于对软件进行业务功能覆盖点的扫描, 获取软件的 所有业务功能覆盖点所组成的逻辑关系信息; 优选地, 如图 6所示, 上述自动扫描单元还可以包括: 编译文件扫描模 块 500, 用于对上述软件的编译文件进行扫描; 源代码扫描模块 502, 用于 对上述软件的源代码进行扫描。 业务功能覆盖点信息收集单元 52 , 与自动扫描单元 50相连接, 用于在 采用预定的测试用例对软件进行测试时 , 实时统计遍历的业务功能覆盖点信 息; 业务功能覆盖率统计单元 54, 与业务功能覆盖点信息收集单元 52相连 接, 用于根据业务功能覆盖点信息与逻辑关系信息, 统计出软件业务功能覆 盖率。 优选地, 如图 6所示, 上述装置还可以包括: 软件代码业务功能覆盖点 插入单元 56, 用于对软件代码进行业务功能覆盖点进行标识, 生成具有统计 接口的软件。 优选地, 如图 6所示, 上述装置还可以包括: 判断单元 58, 与业务功能 覆盖率统计单元相连接, 用于判断本次测试是否满足预定测试要求; 测试用 例补充单元 60, 与判断单元 58相连接, 用于在本次测试不满足预定测试要 求时, 对测试用例进行补充。 优选地, 在测试用例补充单元 60 补充新的测试用例之后, 业务功能覆 盖点信息收集单元 52 在利用新的测试用例对软件进行测试时, 实时统计遍 历的业务功能覆盖点信息。 图 7 是根据本发明实施例的软件业务功能覆盖率的统计系统的结构框 图。 如图 7所示, 该系统可以包括两大组成部分: 待测试软件系统和业务功 能覆盖统计系统。 待测试软件系统由待测试软件对象和业务功能覆盖点嵌入收集单元 (相 当于图 5中的业务功能覆盖点信息收集单元)构成, 待测试软件对象即待统 计覆盖率的待测试软件, 可由若千软件单元组成, 业务功能覆盖点嵌入收集 单元是为统计业务功能覆盖而嵌入的适配单元, 与待测试软件对象运行在一 个系统中; 业务功能覆盖统计系统由软件代码业务功能覆盖点插入单元、 软 件代码业务功能覆盖点自动化扫描单元 (相当于图 5 中自动扫描单元)、 业 务功能覆盖统计执行单元、 业务功能覆盖率统计单元 (相当于图 5中业务功 能覆盖率统计单元)所构成,为另一个运行系统; 两个系统通过通信接口(例 如, SOCKET接口) 而关联, 待测试软件系统中业务功能覆盖点嵌入收集单 元与业务功能覆盖点统计系统中业务功能覆盖统计执行单元之间有业务交 互。 由上述各单元相互结合的系统的工作过程如下: 首先, 由软件代码业务功能覆盖点插入单元(相当于图 5中软件代码业 务功能覆盖点插入单元 ) 完成对被测软件代码业务功能覆盖点的设计插入。 如果业务功能覆盖点的设计插入已经在软件代码编码实现阶段进行, 软件留 有统计接口, 本单元工作可以兆过。 如图 7所示, 如果在软件代码编码实现阶段, 没有执行业务功能覆盖点 的设计插入, 则需要软件代码业务功能覆盖点插入单元对业务功能覆盖点进 行标识, 输出具有统计接口的版本, 这时可做为另两个单元的输入使用。 一 方面, 如图中①信息流向所示成为软件代码业务功能覆盖点自动扫描单元输 入, 通过此单元对软件编译文件及源代码进行自动扫描而将软件代码业务功 能覆盖点进行整合生成一个汇总的业务功能覆盖点逻辑图; 另一方面, 如图 中②信息流向所示提供给被测软件系统具有业务功能覆盖统计接口的被测软 件对象, 形成实际运行软件; 当测试这个软件, 被测软件对象中业务功能覆 盖点被遍历时的信息会由业务功能覆盖点嵌入收集单元实时收集, 如图中③ 信息流向所示, 本单元通过通信接口与业务功能覆盖统计执行单元相接口, 把实时收集的业务功能覆盖点信息上报, 如图中④信息流向所示; 业务功能 覆盖统计执行单元对接收到的实际遍历到的业务功能覆盖点信息进行处理, 按业务功能覆盖点的分类规则进行整合归并, 并将结果转给业务功能覆盖率 统计单元, 如图中⑤信息流向所示; 业务功能覆盖率统计单元在接收到业务 功能覆盖统计执行单元传来的业务功能覆盖点整合信息后, 如图中⑥信息流 向所示会使用软件代码业务功能覆盖点自动扫描单元输出的业务功能覆盖点 逻辑图, 进行被测软件对象的业务功能覆盖统计, 得到测试后实际遍历的软 件代码业务功能覆盖率信息。 通过上述实施例, 提供了一种软件业务功能覆盖率的统计装置。 通过自 动扫描单元、 业务功能覆盖点信息收集单元、 业务功能覆盖率统计单元的相 互结合, 可以解决相关技术中在集成测试和系统测试中, 确认测试执行覆盖 情况的过程比较繁琐且自动化程度低的问题, 进而可以形成自动化统计的过 程, 大大提高覆盖率统计效率。 综上所述, 通过本发明提供的实施例, 提供了一种软件业务功能覆盖率 的统计方法及系统, 可以克服相关技术中在进行软件集成测试及系统测试时 只能以手工进行, 且无法深入到代码级业务功能覆盖的缺点, 在满足软件系 统在集成测试和系统测试下的软件业务功能覆盖率统计的前提下, 又能适应 其代码规模庞大的特点, 并形成自动化统计的过程, 大大提高覆盖率统计效 率并对测试用例完备性设计有更好的辅助 , 并且对于软件集成测试及系统测 试是否可以结束, 提供了另一个检视的角度。 显然, 本领域的技术人员应该明白 , 上述的本发明的各模块或各步骤可 以用通用的计算装置来实现, 它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上, 或者分布 在多个计算装置所组成的网络上, 可选地, 它们可以用计算装置可执行的程 序代码来实现, 从而, 可以将它们存储在存储装置中由计算装置来执行, 或 者将它们分别制作成各个集成电路模块, 或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制 作成单个集成电路模块来实现。 这样, 本发明不限制于任何特定的硬件和软 件结合。 以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已, 并不用于限制本发明, 对于本 领域的技术人员来说, 本发明可以有各种更改和变化。 凡在本发明的精神和 原则之内, 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保护 范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书 一种软件业务功能覆盖率的统计方法, 包括:
对软件进行业务功能覆盖点的扫描, 获取所述软件的所有业务功能 覆盖点所组成的逻辑关系信息;
采用预定的测试用例对所述软件进行测试, 并实时统计遍历的业务 功能覆盖点信息;
根据所述业务功能覆盖点信息与所述逻辑关系信息, 统计出软件业 务功能覆盖率。 根据权利要求 1所述的统计方法, 其特征在于, 所述软件包括以下至少 之一:
已具有统计接口的待测试软件;
重编译不具有统计接口的待测试软件生成的具有统计接口的软件。 才艮据权利要求 2所述的统计方法, 其特征在于, 所述重编译不具有统计 接口的待测试软件包括:
对所述待测试软件的业务功能进行分析;
根据所述业务功能选取所述待测试软件的业务功能覆盖点; 对所述待测试软件的业务功能覆盖点进行标识, 生成所述具有统计 接口的软件。 根据权利要求 1至 3中任一项所述的统计方法, 其特征在于, 所述对软 件进行业务功能覆盖点的扫描包括:
对所述具有统计接口的软件的编译文件进行扫描;
对所述具有统计接口的软件的源代码进行扫描。 根据权利要求 1至 3中任一项所述的统计方法, 其特征在于, 在所述统 计出软件业务功能覆盖率之后, 所述方法还包括:
判断本次测试是否满足预定测试要求; 在本次测试不满足所述预定测试要求时,对所述测试用例进行补充, 直至后续测试满足所述预定测试要求。
6. 4 据权利要求 1所述的统计方法, 其特征在于, 所述预定测试要求包括 以下至少之一:
所述软件业务功能覆盖率大于等于预定覆盖率指标;
预定的至少一个业务功能覆盖点被遍历到。
7. —种软件业务功能覆盖率的统计系统, 其特征在于, 所述系统包括: 自动扫描单元, 用于对软件进行业务功能覆盖点的扫描, 获取所述 软件的所有业务功能覆盖点所组成的逻辑关系信息;
业务功能覆盖点信息收集单元, 用于在采用预定的测试用例对所述 软件进行测试时, 实时统计遍历的业务功能覆盖点信息;
业务功能覆盖率统计单元, 用于根据所述业务功能覆盖点信息与所 述逻辑关系信息, 统计出软件业务功能覆盖率。
8. 才 据权利要求 7所述的统计系统, 其特征在于, 所述系统还包括:
软件代码业务功能覆盖点插入单元, 用于对所述软件代码业务功能 覆盖点进行标识, 生成具有统计接口的所述软件。
9. 根据权利要求 7或 8所述的统计系统, 其特征在于, 所述自动扫描单元 包括:
编译文件扫描模块, 用于对所述软件的编译文件进行扫描; 源代码扫描模块, 用于对所述软件的源代码进行扫描。
10. 冲 据权利要求 7或 8所述的统计系统, 其特征在于, 所述系统还包括: 判断单元, 用于判断本次测试是否满足预定测试要求; 测试用例补充单元, 用于在本次测试不满足所述预定测试要求时, 对所述测试用例进行补充。
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