WO2011060627A1

WO2011060627A1 - Curie point oscillation generation method and device thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2011060627A1
Application number: PCT/CN2010/070189
Authority: WO
Inventors: 朱长青
Original assignee: Zhu Changqing
Priority date: 2009-11-18
Filing date: 2010-01-14
Publication date: 2011-05-26
Also published as: CN101710781A

Abstract

A Curie point oscillation generation method includes a soft magnet (1) is continuously heated and cooled in a magnetic path composed of a permanent magnet (9) or an electromagnet, the soft magnet (1) and a coil (8) with an iron core (7) to make the temperature of the soft magnet (1 ) oscillate periodically up and down at the Curie point so that the soft magnet (1 ) is continuously magnetized or demagnetized and magnetic flux in the coil (8) is periodically increased or reduced to induce continuous alternating current power. A Curie point oscillation generation device includes the soft magnet (1 ) formed by laminating a plurality of soft magnetic sheets (2) insulated from each other. One side surface of the soft magnet (1) is connected to a heating cylinder (4) and the other side surface of the soft magnet (1) is connected to a cooling cylinder (5) with a piston (6) disposed therein An air gap between every two adjacent soft magnetic sheets (2) communicates the heating cylinder (4) with the cooling cylinder (5). A closed space formed by the heating cylinder (4), the air gap or air hole between the soft magnetic sheets (2) and the cooling cylinder (5) is filled with a working medium gas. The method and the device have an efficient and steady power generation process and a function of direct and efficient conversion from heat energy to electric energy.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a method of thermal power generation and a device used.

Background technique

As a high-quality energy source, human energy needs to grow rapidly and generate electricity in a variety of ways. At present, the commonly used methods are: thermal power generation, hydropower generation, wind power generation, tide power generation, nuclear power generation, and solar power generation. In the aspect of thermal power generation, the current method is mainly to convert thermal energy into mechanical energy, and then use mechanical energy to drive generators to generate electricity, such as steam turbine power generation, internal combustion engine power generation, and Stirling engine power generation. What they have in common is that energy conversion must go through four forms of energy: primary energy→thermal energy→mechanical energy→electric energy. There are many intermediate processes, serious pollution and low energy conversion rate. Since the middle of the 20th century, with the increasing demand for environmental protection and the increasing energy crisis, countries around the world are committed to finding new ways to be more environmentally friendly and efficient. If the heat is directly converted into electricity, and an intermediate link is removed, it is possible to increase the energy conversion rate. Inspired by this idea, magnetic fluid power generation and fuel cell power generation have emerged, and energy conversion rates have increased significantly. However, due to the complex structure of these systems, high manufacturing costs, and many key technologies yet to be broken, they still cannot reach the practical stage. Until now, the inefficient internal combustion engine is still the main source of human activity. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a method for directly and efficiently converting thermal energy into electrical energy to improve fuel utilization and reduce environmental pollution. Curie point oscillation power generation method and device. The implementation method of the present invention is a Curie point oscillating power generation method in which a soft magnet is continuously heated and cooled in a magnetic circuit composed of a permanent magnet or an electromagnet, a soft magnet, and a coil having a core, and the temperature thereof is The Curie point periodically oscillates up and down, thereby being continuously magnetized and demagnetized, causing the magnetic flux in the turns to periodically increase and decrease, thereby inducing continuous alternating current in the wire.

The device of the Curie point oscillating power generation method is composed of a plurality of soft magnetic sheets insulated from each other to form a soft magnet, one side of the soft magnet is connected with a heating gas, and the other side is connected with a cooling gas, and the cooling gas is provided therein. In the piston, there is an air gap between each adjacent two soft magnetic pieces in the soft magnet to connect the heating cylinder and the cooling cylinder, and is filled in the closed space formed by the air cylinder or the air hole between the heating cylinder and the soft magnetic sheet and the cooling cylinder. Working gas,

A magnetic core with a wire core, a soft magnet, a 7 magnet or an electromagnet.

The soft magnet acts as the core of the coil and forms a magnetic circuit with the permanent magnet or the electromagnet. The magnetic circuit is an open magnetic circuit composed of a wire core with a core, a soft magnet, a permanent magnet or an electromagnet, or a closed magnetic circuit composed of a wire core, a soft magnet, a 7 magnet or an electromagnet, or It is a hybrid closed magnetic circuit composed of a wire core, a soft magnet, a permanent magnet or an electromagnet.

The soft magnetic sheet that forms the soft magnet has a Curie point that gradually decreases from the side of the heating cylinder to the side of the cooling cylinder. The power generation process of the invention is stable, the fuel property is not high, and there is no mechanical transmission device, so that the heat energy can be directly and efficiently converted into electric energy, the thermoelectric conversion rate is high, the pollution discharge and the noise are small, and the equipment structure is simple. DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a connection diagram of a soft magnet and a heating cylinder and a cooling cylinder.

Figure 2 is a series open magnetic circuit diagram,

Figure 3 is a series closed magnetic circuit diagram,

Figure 4 is a closed closed magnetic circuit diagram, Figure 5 is a series diagram of the magnetic core of a soft magnet as a wire core.

Figure 6 is a typical temperature distribution diagram,

Figure 7 is a system energy flow diagram. detailed description

Referring to Fig. 1, a plurality of soft magnetic sheets 2 are superposed by a soft magnet 1, and each adjacent two soft magnetic sheets are separated by a distance of 3, a gas gap is formed on both sides of the soft magnet, and one side is connected to the heating cylinder 4. The other side is connected to the cooling cylinder 5, and the cooling cylinder 5 is provided with a piston 6. The enclosed space formed by the heating cylinder, the air gap between the soft magnetic sheets, and the cooling cylinder is filled with a working gas.

When the working gas flows from the heating cylinder to the cooling cylinder, since the temperature of the gas in the heating cylinder is higher than that of the cooling cylinder, the working gas in the air gap between the soft magnetic sheets has a temperature difference at both ends. In order to make the device of the present invention fully absorb the heat of the working gas in the air gap between the soft magnetic sheets, it is necessary to make the soft magnetic sheet have a higher Curie point near the heating cylinder end and a lower Curie point near the cooling cylinder end. The nature.

The higher the reciprocating frequency of the piston in the cooling cylinder, the faster the flux changes in the coil and the higher the induced electromotive force. And each heating or cooling process must have sufficient heat transfer to make the soft magnetic sheet temperature jump up and down at the Curie point. This requires sufficient temperature difference and heat transfer area to achieve a faster heat transfer frequency, so soft The Curie point range of the magnetic sheet is lower than a certain value of the temperature of the gas in the heating cylinder, and is higher than a certain value of the temperature of the gas in the cooling cylinder.

In order to reduce the eddy current formed in the soft magnetic sheet 2 by the alternating current inductance, the soft magnetic sheet 2 needs to be formed into a thin sheet which is insulated from each other, and is to be mounted in parallel with the direction of magnetic lines of force in the magnetic circuit. The use of a thinner soft magnetic sheet 2 also allows for a larger heat transfer contact area between the soft magnet and the working gas at the same volume. In addition to the contact surface between the two sides and the cylinder, the soft magnet 1 needs to be insulated by thermal barrier coating to minimize the heat loss caused by external heat dissipation.

Referring to Fig. 2, the two sides of the soft magnet 1 are respectively connected with a heating cylinder and a cooling cylinder, and the other two sides are respectively connected with a core 7 and a permanent magnet 9, which are connected in series to form an open magnetic circuit, and the soft magnet 1 is in the magnetic circuit. Acting as an "armature". When the piston reciprocates to cause the soft magnet temperature to oscillate above and below its Curie point, the magnetic flux in the coil 8 also periodically changes, in which an alternating current is induced.

The stronger the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 9, the lighter the size and weight of the device. Therefore, the permanent magnet is made of a strong magnet such as a neodymium iron boron magnet or a samarium cobalt magnet. The permanent magnet 9 can also be replaced by an electromagnet.

Referring to FIG. 3, the input terminal 10 is connected to a direct current, so that the left end of the coil 8 and the core 7 form an electromagnet, and the upper and lower soft magnets 1 and the right end of the core 7 form a series closed magnetic circuit, when the soft magnet temperature is in its When the Curie point oscillates up and down, the magnetic flux in the right end turn 8 is also periodically changed, and an alternating current is induced therein and output to the output terminal 11.

The electromagnet in the figure can also be replaced by a 7 magnet.

Referring to FIG. 4, DC is input to the input terminal 10, so that the coil 8 at the left end and the core 7 form an electromagnet, and the soft magnet 1 at the middle and the core 7 at the right end are combined to form a closed magnetic circuit, and the material of the soft magnet 1 is made. The magnetic permeability is higher than the magnetic permeability of the iron core 7. When the soft magnet temperature oscillates up and down at its Curie point, the magnetic flux in the right end line 圏8 also periodically changes, in which the alternating current is induced and output to Output terminal 11.

The electromagnet in the figure can also be replaced by a 7 magnet.

Referring to Fig. 5, corresponding to the case of Fig. 2, the soft magnet can be directly used as the core of the coil and connected in series with the permanent magnet in the magnetic circuit. The advantage of this is that the refining device reduces the weight of the core, but it also brings some problems that the working gas seal and the outer surface of the soft magnet are difficult to dissipate. Referring to Figure 6, fresh air is preheated from the intake pipe 12 into the preheater 14 to a gas of about 600 K and then enters the combustion chamber 15, which is heated to 2500 K and passed through the heat exchanger 16 where it is transferred to the heat exchanger 16 The working fluid heats the working gas to a temperature of about 1000 K, and the combustion exhaust gas flows through the preheater 14, transfers the residual heat to the incoming fresh air, and finally discharges it from the exhaust pipe 13.

The working gas enters the heating cylinder 4 to heat the gas therein to a temperature of about 900K. The soft magnet 1 has a Curie point of about 760K at the high temperature end and a 460K Curie point at the low temperature end. After cooling by the cooling cylinder 5, the working fluid in the cylinder The gas temperature is close to the ambient temperature of 330K.

The heat released from the working fluid in the cooling cylinder passes through the heat exchanger 18 to the external heat dissipating system, and the pump 20 forms a cooling cycle to bring the heat to the external radiator 19, and finally to the ambient atmosphere at an ambient temperature of about 300 Torr.

Referring to Fig. 7, the thermal cycle of the Curie point oscillating power generation device is similar to that of the hot air machine. The total input heat energy Α is 100%, the preheater heat recovery B is about 45% of the total input energy, and the preheater heat loss C is approximately 5 %, exhaust heat loss D is about 15%, soft magnet heat recovery F is about 450%, heat loss H in cooling water is 25%, piston reciprocating energy consumption G is 5 %, in generator line 圏The effective output I on is approximately 50%.

It is worth noting that the soft magnet 1 is also responsible for the heat recovery. The high-temperature working gas flows through the soft magnet and heats the soft magnetic sheet. Then, when the low-temperature working gas returns, most of the heat heated in the soft magnet is brought back to the heating cylinder, and the single-round heat transfer amount is large, and the round trip per second is large. Dozens of times, so the flow rate is very high, equivalent to more than four times the energy input energy, or 18 times the flow rate of the cooler, 10 times the effective function flow. This large amount of energy flow recirculation allows high quality soft magnets to heat up and cool quickly.

It can be seen that the use of the invention enables direct and efficient conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy.

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples. Example: 100 pieces of soft magnetic sheets made of a nickel alloy soft magnetic material are stacked into a soft magnet. Each soft magnetic piece has a size of lOOmmx lOOmmx lmm (length X width X thickness), and two adjacent soft magnetic piece spacings 0.1mm; the output line 匝 is 2000匝, the wire cross-sectional area is 2.5mm ² ; the highest magnetic flux density is 0.75 Tesla; the hot end Curie point is 890K, and the cold end Curie point is 340K. The temperature of the gas in the heating cylinder is 900 Κ, and the temperature of the gas in the cooling cylinder is 330 Κ; the reciprocating frequency of the piston is 50 Ηζ. Find the temperature range of the soft magnetic sheet in the soft magnet, the output potential of the coil, and the output power.

Core temperature variation range:

Core flux cross-sectional area = 100x l0x l0x0.01 = 100cm ² ,

The total area of air gap = 100x l0xl0x0.001 = 10cm ² ,

The specific gravity of the nickel alloy is 8.9g/mm ³ , and the total mass of the soft magnetic sheet is 8.9x l00x l0=8900g.

The specific heat of nickel alloy is 0.46J/g. °C, and the heat is required to be 8900x0.46=4094 joules per temperature rise; the heat transfer rate of nickel alloy is about 90w/mK, and the heat transfer temperature difference is 900-890=340-330=10K The contact area is 100x l0x l0x2cm ² = 2m ² , the heat transfer distance is 0.1mm/2=0.0005m, and the piston has a gas supply time of 0.01 second per one-way.

The heat transfer per single pass is 90x2/0.0005x 10x0.01=36000 joules.

Therefore, the core temperature varies from 36000/4094 = 8.8 °C.

Line output electromotive force:

The magnetic flux of the wire is ηψ=2000χ0.01 χ0.75=15 Wei;

Since the reciprocating frequency of the piston is 50 Hz, and each one-way time needs 0.01 second, the generator electromotive force is 15/0.01=1500V.

Wire 圏 output power: The wire cross-sectional area is 2.5mm ² , the output current is >10, then the output power is 1500x lO=15000W=15KW.

Claims

Claim

1. Curie point oscillating power generation method, characterized in that in a magnetic circuit composed of a permanent magnet or an electromagnet, a soft magnet, and a wire core with a core, the soft magnet is continuously heated and then cooled to have its temperature at its Curie point. The upper and lower sides periodically oscillate, thereby being continuously magnetized and demagnetized, so that the magnetic flux in the turns is periodically increased and decreased, thereby inducing continuous alternating current in the wire.

2. The apparatus of the Curie point oscillating power generation method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of soft magnetic sheets insulated from each other are stacked as a soft magnet, one side of the soft magnet is connected to one heating cylinder, and the other side is connected to the other. Cooling cylinder connection, there is a piston in the cooling cylinder, and there is an air gap between each adjacent two soft magnetic pieces in the soft magnet to connect the heating cylinder and the cooling cylinder, and the air gap or air hole between the heating cylinder and the soft magnetic sheet, the cooling cylinder The enclosed space is filled with a working gas, a wire core with a core, a soft magnet, a permanent magnet or an electromagnet to form a magnetic circuit.

The apparatus of the Curie point oscillation power generation method according to claim 2, characterized in that the Curie point of the soft magnetic sheet constituting the soft magnet gradually decreases from the side of the heating cylinder toward the side of the cooling cylinder.

4. The apparatus of claim 2 Curie point of the oscillation generating method as claimed in claim, characterized in that the rings of soft magnetic wire as the core, with a magnet or an electromagnet ₇ j magnetic circuit.

A device according to claim 2, wherein the magnetic circuit is an open magnetic circuit composed of a wire core, a soft magnet, a permanent magnet or an electromagnet.

A device according to claim 2, wherein the magnetic circuit is a closed magnetic circuit composed of a wire core, a soft magnet, a 7 magnet or an electromagnet.

A device according to claim 2, wherein the magnetic circuit is a hybrid closed magnetic circuit composed of a wire core, a soft magnet, a permanent magnet or an electromagnet.

A device for a Curie point oscillating power generation method according to claim 2, wherein a surface of the soft magnet which is not in contact with the cylinder is sprayed with a thermal barrier coating.