WO2011056121A1 - Éolienne avec pales d'éolienne - Google Patents

Éolienne avec pales d'éolienne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011056121A1
WO2011056121A1 PCT/SE2010/051050 SE2010051050W WO2011056121A1 WO 2011056121 A1 WO2011056121 A1 WO 2011056121A1 SE 2010051050 W SE2010051050 W SE 2010051050W WO 2011056121 A1 WO2011056121 A1 WO 2011056121A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wind turbine
bearing
load carrying
turbine according
joint
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2010/051050
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Staffan ENGSTRÖM
Original Assignee
Ägir Konsult AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ägir Konsult AB filed Critical Ägir Konsult AB
Publication of WO2011056121A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011056121A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F03D7/0224—Adjusting blade pitch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0658—Arrangements for fixing wind-engaging parts to a hub
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0658—Arrangements for fixing wind-engaging parts to a hub
    • F03D1/0662—Arrangements for fixing wind-engaging parts to a hub using kinematic linkage, e.g. tilt
    • F03D1/0664—Pitch arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F03D7/0224—Adjusting blade pitch
    • F03D7/0228—Adjusting blade pitch of the blade tips only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0675—Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/70—Bearing or lubricating arrangements
    • F03D80/701—Pitch or yaw bearings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • This invention regards a wind turbine according to the preamble of Claim 1.
  • the invention also regards a wind power plant comprising such a wind turbine.
  • Wind turbines for wind power plants and other purposes extract energy from the wind by braking it to a lower speed.
  • a wind turbine comprises two or three turbine blades with aerodynamically active surfaces that are mounted on a turbine hub and rotating around an axis which for this type of wind turbine mainly is horizontal. Also one bladed wind turbines exist.
  • the extracted mechanical torque is further transferred for use e.g. via a gearbox in an electrical generator or directly in a generator.
  • each blade is mostly made in a way that enables rotation (pitching) around its own axis of roughly 90 degrees.
  • the blades preferably are made of a composite material, which may consist of a plastic material reinforced with fibres of glass, carbon or other materials. Composites partly consisting of wood also exist.
  • the mobility between blade and hub is commonly achieved by connecting the blade to the hub by means of o single rolling bearing.
  • the hub normally consists of a steel construction, often of cast nodular iron.
  • the aim of this invention is to create a turbine blade with a design that pays attention to the aerodynamically active surfaces and the need for rotating the blade, and that is easy to transport onshore and offshore.
  • the invention covers a wind turbine comprising at least one turbine blade attached to a hub.
  • the turbine blade comprises an inner part, comprising a load carrying structure with a longitudinal axis and
  • aerodynamically active surfaces that wholly or partly enclose the structure, joined to an outer part by means of a joint.
  • the joint is situated at a distance from the rotational centre of the wind turbine of between one eighth and half of the total length of the turbine blade from the rotational centre of the wind turbine to the outer end of the outer part, and where the load carrying structure covers the distance from the hub to the joint.
  • the joint comprises a bearing and a pitch mechanism, which enables rotation of the outer part in relation to the inner part around the longitudinal axis.
  • the bearing is ring shaped and enables rotation around the longitudinal axis, and where the load carrying structure reaches from the hub to the joint.
  • the hub and the inner part of the load carrying structure will be relieved from the driving torque, which enables smaller dimensions of these parts. Since the joint between the inner and outer part is situated at some distance from the rotational centre of the wind turbine, the moment acting on the bearing and the blade pitch mechanism will decrease considerably. Thus also the bearing and the blade pitch mechanism will be possible to manufacture and maintain at a lower cost than according to previous art.
  • the bearing and the blade mechanism will be easily accessible for maintenance, compared to if only the outermost part of the blade is possible to rotate.
  • a person may walk upright out to the bearing, for wind turbines of a size where application of the invention is of interest. Making a larger part of the blade possible to rotate will also benefit the aerodynamics.
  • the ring shaped form of the bearing is also advantageously since this is an economical way to design a bearing that shall absorb a large moment. It is a especially economical to use when the structure is wide enough, as in this case. Furthermore, this type of bearing is compact and easy to connect to the inner and outer load carrying structures of the blade. It also provides easy connection of the pitch mechanism.
  • the invention means that the transportation problem of large wind turbine blades will be solved without having to create joints between composite parts. Furthermore, the wind power plant in total will be more economical than according to previous art.
  • Figure 1 depicts a principal drawing of a wind power plant with a wind turbine where the joint between the inner and outer parts is indicated
  • Figure 2 depicts a cross section of a wind power plant, where the figure to the left is a side view and the figure to the right is a front view,
  • Figure 3 depicts a cross section according to the line A-A in figure 2 where the outer and inner parts of a turbine blade are joined
  • Figure 4 depicts a perspective view of the separate components that are part of the joint at the cut A-A.
  • Figures 5 - 6 depict principal designs for the separate parts in the inner parts and how they are joined together.
  • EP- 1.657.437 The application may also be applied on other technical solutions, e.g. with a gearbox and a generator with a high rotational speed.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 may be seen a wind power plant furnished with a machinery 1 that carries a wind turbine.
  • Figure 2 depicts to the left a side view of the wind power plant and to the right a front view of the same.
  • the wind turbine consists of at least one turbine blade attached to a hub 10.
  • the machinery is supported by a tower 4, which is connected to a foundation in the ground 5.
  • the turbine blade comprises an inner part 2, comprising a load carrying structure 6 with a longitudinal axis 21 and aerodynamically active surfaces 7 which enclose the structure 6 as depicted in e.g. figures 3 and 4.
  • the inner part 2 is connected to an outer part 3 by means of a joint 19.
  • the joint 19 comprises a bearing 8 and a blade pitch mechanism 9, which enables rotation of the outer part in relation to the inner part 2 along a longitudinal axis 21. Furthermore the joint 19 is situated at a distance from the
  • the joint 19 is situated at a distance from the rotational centre 22 of the wind turbine amounting to between a fourth and half of the total length of the turbine blade from the rotational centre 22 to the outer end 23 of the outer part.
  • Figure 5 reveals a cross section of a preferred embodiment of the turbine blade at the joint 19. It depicts the load carrying structure 6 in the inner part 2 of the blade.
  • the load carrying structure 6 is designed as a tube which in preferred embodiments has a circular, cylindrical cross section. Also other geometrical shapes of the cross section are possible, such as elliptical or oval and adapted according to the desired aerodynamically shape according to figure 6.
  • the load carrying structure also may be composed by several elements.
  • the structure also may possess a cross section that varies with the distance from the hub and e.g. is conical. This structure is preferably manufactured in steel or other material.
  • the structure is preferably manufactured in steel while the shell around it does not carry any loads except for those that are created locally.
  • the aerodynamically active surfaces 7 are joined from a number of panels, here exemplified by an aft upper panel 7A and an aft lower panel 7B together with a front panel 7C. These panels are adapted for joining with the load carrying structure 6, e.g. by means of a screw joint 24.
  • the aerodynamically active surfaces may be manufactured in a composite material or metal, e.g. aluminium.
  • the load carrying structure 6 is designed in a way that wholly or partly makes it into an aerodynamically active surface.
  • the front panel 7C may be left out or the two aft panels 7A, 7B may have another geometrical shape as described above, see figure 6.
  • the bearing 8 is ring shaped and enables rotation of the load carrying structure 6 around the longitudinal axis 21. Furthermore it is suitable that the bearing 8 has a large diameter and a short length. Preferably the diameter of the bearing 8 is at least five times larger than its length and may e.g. consist of a rolling or a sliding bearing. It is the bearing 8 that together with the blade pitch mechanism 9 creates the mobility between the inner and outer parts 2, 3 of the blade.
  • the bearing 8 is connected to the load carrying structure 6 of the inner part 2 and the outer part 3.
  • the bearing may be connected by means of screw joints. It is preferably designed as a ring which is consisting of two rings. The forces between the rings are transferred by the rolling elements or the sliding surfaces respectively.
  • a gear rim or similar is arranged for the blade pitch mechanism 9 to interact with.
  • the blade pitch mechanism may be electric or hydraulic. Also other types are conceivable.
  • the blade pitch mechanism 9 enables the outer part 3 to rotate about 90 degrees around its own axis.
  • the outer part 3 is preferably manufactured in a composite material, e.g. glass fibre reinforced plastic, but also other materials are conceivable.
  • the wind turbine is preferably used in a wind power plant as depicted in figures 1 and 2.
  • the inner part 2 of the turbine blade together with the load carrying structure 6 is attached to the hub 10, which by means of a bearing 1 1 is connected to a generator 12 and a machinery bed 13.
  • the aerodynamically active parts 7 in the inner part 2 constitute preferably at most three fourths of the length of the load carrying structure 6, stretching from the joint 19 to the hub 10 and thus also inside a spinner 17.
  • the aerodynamically active parts 7 in the inner part 2 stretch from the joint 19 to the spinner 17.
  • the machinery bed 13 is furthermore connected to the tower 4 by means of a bearing 14 and one or several yaw mechanisms 15.
  • the driving torque of the turbine is preferably transferred directly from the load carrying structure 6 to the rotor of the generator 12 by means of flexible elements for transfer of torque 16. In a more conventional design of the wind power plant the torque may be transferred through the hub 10.
  • the rotor is preferably arranged on the outside of the generator 12, but also other solutions are possible.
  • the hub 10 and the machinery 1 are surrounded by the spinner 17 and a nacelle cladding 18, the purpose of which is mainly to provide a weather protection for equipment and personnel.
  • a wind power plant where the wind turbine according to the present invention is especially useful typically has a turbine diameter of 100 - 200 meters or more. This implies a length of the turbine blades of roughly 50 - 100 meters. In the inner part of the blade the load carrying structure of an embodiment with a circular cross section may possess a diameter of roughly 2 - 6 meters. The height to the rotational centre of the wind turbine is typically roughly the same as the turbine diameter.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur une éolienne comprenant au moins une pale d'éolienne attachée à un moyeu 10. La pale d'éolienne comprend une partie interne 2 comprenant elle-même une structure de support de charge 6 ayant un axe longitudinal 21 et des surfaces qui sont actives de façon aérodynamique 7, qui renferment totalement ou partiellement la structure, et qui est réunie à une partie externe 3 au moyen d'un joint 19. Le joint 19 comprend un palier 8 de forme annulaire et un mécanisme de pas de pale 9 qui permet à la partie externe 3 de tourner par rapport à la partie interne 2 autour de l'axe longitudinal 21. En outre, le joint 19 est situé à une distance du centre de rotation 22 de l'éolienne d'entre un huitième et la moitié de la longueur totale de la pale d'éolienne par rapport au centre de rotation 22 de l'éolienne à l'extrémité extérieure 23 de la partie externe, et la structure de support de charge 6 s'étendant du moyeu 10 jusqu'au joint 19. L'invention porte aussi sur un parc éolien comprenant une telle éolienne.
PCT/SE2010/051050 2009-10-02 2010-09-30 Éolienne avec pales d'éolienne WO2011056121A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0950727-8 2009-10-02
SE0950727A SE0950727A1 (sv) 2009-10-02 2009-10-02 Vindturbin med turbinblad

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011056121A1 true WO2011056121A1 (fr) 2011-05-12

Family

ID=43904072

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE2010/051050 WO2011056121A1 (fr) 2009-10-02 2010-09-30 Éolienne avec pales d'éolienne

Country Status (2)

Country Link
SE (1) SE0950727A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011056121A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102828898A (zh) * 2011-06-15 2012-12-19 远景能源（丹麦）有限公司 风力涡轮机叶片
WO2013104779A1 (fr) * 2012-01-13 2013-07-18 youWINenergy GmbH Rotor d'éolienne
WO2014173808A1 (fr) * 2013-04-23 2014-10-30 youWINenergy GmbH Architecture de turbine éolienne

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK178073B1 (en) * 2011-06-17 2015-04-27 Envision Energy Denmark Aps A Wind Turbine Blade

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001046582A2 (fr) * 1999-12-22 2001-06-28 Aerodyn Engineering Gmbh Pale de rotor destinee a des installations d'energie eolienne
WO2007003866A1 (fr) * 2005-07-05 2007-01-11 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Articulation de pas d’éolienne, et son utilisation
US20070104577A1 (en) * 2005-11-10 2007-05-10 Kaydon Corporation Wind turbine pitch bearing and method
WO2008059089A1 (fr) * 2006-11-13 2008-05-22 Gamesa Innovation & Technology, S.L. Roulement renforcé pour pale d'aérogénérateur
US20090087127A1 (en) * 2007-10-01 2009-04-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Pitch bearing for wind turbine rotor blades
US20090148285A1 (en) * 2007-12-06 2009-06-11 General Electric Company Multi-section wind turbine rotor blades and wind turbines incorporating same
US20090148291A1 (en) * 2007-12-06 2009-06-11 General Electric Company Multi-section wind turbine rotor blades and wind turbines incorporating same

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001046582A2 (fr) * 1999-12-22 2001-06-28 Aerodyn Engineering Gmbh Pale de rotor destinee a des installations d'energie eolienne
WO2007003866A1 (fr) * 2005-07-05 2007-01-11 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Articulation de pas d’éolienne, et son utilisation
US20070104577A1 (en) * 2005-11-10 2007-05-10 Kaydon Corporation Wind turbine pitch bearing and method
WO2008059089A1 (fr) * 2006-11-13 2008-05-22 Gamesa Innovation & Technology, S.L. Roulement renforcé pour pale d'aérogénérateur
US20090087127A1 (en) * 2007-10-01 2009-04-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Pitch bearing for wind turbine rotor blades
US20090148285A1 (en) * 2007-12-06 2009-06-11 General Electric Company Multi-section wind turbine rotor blades and wind turbines incorporating same
US20090148291A1 (en) * 2007-12-06 2009-06-11 General Electric Company Multi-section wind turbine rotor blades and wind turbines incorporating same

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102828898A (zh) * 2011-06-15 2012-12-19 远景能源（丹麦）有限公司 风力涡轮机叶片
EP2535559A2 (fr) 2011-06-15 2012-12-19 Envision Energy (Denmark) ApS Dispositif de réglage du pas des pales de turbine déolienne segmentées
EP2535559A3 (fr) * 2011-06-15 2013-08-14 Envision Energy (Denmark) ApS Dispositif de réglage du pas des pales de turbine déolienne segmentées
US9051917B2 (en) 2011-06-15 2015-06-09 Envision Energy (Denmark) Aps Wind turbine blade
WO2013104779A1 (fr) * 2012-01-13 2013-07-18 youWINenergy GmbH Rotor d'éolienne
CN104379924A (zh) * 2012-01-13 2015-02-25 尤文能量有限责任公司 风力涡轮机转子
WO2014173808A1 (fr) * 2013-04-23 2014-10-30 youWINenergy GmbH Architecture de turbine éolienne

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE0950727A1 (sv) 2011-04-03

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