WO2011050198A1 - Disubstituted octahy - dropyrrolo [3,4-c] pyrroles as orexin receptor modulators - Google Patents

Disubstituted octahy - dropyrrolo [3,4-c] pyrroles as orexin receptor modulators Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011050198A1
WO2011050198A1 PCT/US2010/053606 US2010053606W WO2011050198A1 WO 2011050198 A1 WO2011050198 A1 WO 2011050198A1 US 2010053606 W US2010053606 W US 2010053606W WO 2011050198 A1 WO2011050198 A1 WO 2011050198A1
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Prior art keywords
phenyl
triazol
pyrrol
carbonyl
pyrrole
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PCT/US2010/053606
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French (fr)
Inventor
Wenying Chai
Michael A. Letavic
Kiev S. Ly
Daniel J. Pippel
Dale A. Rudolph
Kathleen C. Sappey
Brad M. Savall
Chandravadan R. Shah
Brock T. Shireman
Akinola Soyode-Johnson
Emily M. Stocking
Devin M. Swanson
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Janssen Pharmaceutica Nv
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Priority to RS20160501A priority Critical patent/RS54945B1/en
Priority to AU2010310595A priority patent/AU2010310595B2/en
Priority to UAA201206182A priority patent/UA107812C2/en
Application filed by Janssen Pharmaceutica Nv filed Critical Janssen Pharmaceutica Nv
Priority to JP2012535384A priority patent/JP5759470B2/en
Priority to BR112012010820-4A priority patent/BR112012010820B1/en
Priority to US13/503,231 priority patent/US8653263B2/en
Priority to CN201080058816.XA priority patent/CN102781942B/en
Priority to US16/391,791 priority patent/USRE48841E1/en
Priority to NZ599629A priority patent/NZ599629A/en
Priority to DK10773477.4T priority patent/DK2491038T3/en
Priority to KR1020177034281A priority patent/KR101859409B1/en
Priority to EP10773477.4A priority patent/EP2491038B1/en
Priority to CA2778484A priority patent/CA2778484C/en
Priority to KR1020177034279A priority patent/KR101859400B1/en
Priority to PL16163733T priority patent/PL3093291T3/en
Priority to EA201270591A priority patent/EA022766B1/en
Priority to MX2012004753A priority patent/MX2012004753A/en
Priority to SI201031214A priority patent/SI2491038T1/en
Priority to EP19172579.5A priority patent/EP3581575A1/en
Priority to EP16163733.5A priority patent/EP3093291B1/en
Priority to MEP-2016-135A priority patent/ME02437B/en
Priority to ES10773477.4T priority patent/ES2585806T3/en
Publication of WO2011050198A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011050198A1/en
Priority to IL219234A priority patent/IL219234A/en
Priority to HK13102554.9A priority patent/HK1175463A1/en
Priority to US14/138,941 priority patent/US9079911B2/en
Priority to US14/734,225 priority patent/US20150335651A1/en
Priority to AU2015242975A priority patent/AU2015242975B2/en
Priority to HRP20160781TT priority patent/HRP20160781T1/en
Priority to CY20161100629T priority patent/CY1117743T1/en
Priority to SM201600216T priority patent/SMT201600216B/en
Priority to US15/413,965 priority patent/US20170129901A1/en
Priority to CY20191100794T priority patent/CY1121848T1/en
Priority to US16/601,832 priority patent/US11059828B2/en
Priority to US17/372,168 priority patent/US11667644B2/en
Priority to US18/327,990 priority patent/US20240109901A1/en

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    • C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
    • C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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    • A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
    • A61K31/407—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil condensed with other heterocyclic ring systems, e.g. ketorolac, physostigmine
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to certain disubstituted
  • octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole compounds pharmaceutical compositions containing them, methods of making them, and methods of using them for the modulation of the orexin receptor and for the treatment of disease states, disorders, and conditions mediated by orexin receptor activity.
  • Orexin (or hypocretin) signaling is mediated by two receptors and two peptide agonists.
  • the two orexin peptides herein after referred to as orexins, bind to two high affinity receptors, termed orexin-1 and orexin-2 receptors.
  • the orexin-1 receptor is selective in favor of orexin A, while the orexin-2 receptor binds both orexins with similar affinities.
  • the orexins are cleavage products of the same gene, prepro orexin.
  • neuronal neurosci the precursor from which orexin is produced, are found in the perifornical nucleus, the dorsal hypothalamus and the lateral hypothalamus (C. Peyron et al., J. Neurosci., 1998, 18(23), 9996- 10015). Orexinergic cells in these nuclei project to many areas of the brain, extending rostrally to the olfactory bulbs and caudally to the spinal cord (van den Pol, A.N. et al., J. Neuroscience., 1999, 19(8), 3171 -3182).
  • orexin receptors is suggestive of orexin involvement in a number of physiological functions including; feeding, drinking, arousal, stress, reward, metabolism and reproduction (T. Sakurai, Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2007, 8(3), 171 -181 ).
  • the targeted necrosis of cells expressing prepro-orexin suggests the most physiologically important roles of the orexins are likely to be effects on arousal, feeding and metabolism (J. Hara et al., Neuron, 2001 , 30, 345-354).
  • a prominent orexin neuronal projection via the vagus nerve probably mediates central orexin effects on cardiac parameters (W.K. Samson et al., Brain Res., 1999, 831 , 248-253; T.
  • TMN tuberomammillary nucleus
  • EEG data indicates that orexin-2 may be more important than orexin-1 in the modulation of sleep/wake (P. Malherbe et al., Molecular Pharmacology (2009) 76(3):618-31 ; C. Dugovic et al., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Then, 2009, 330(1 ), 142- 151 ). Disorders of the sleep-wake cycle are therefore likely targets for orexin-2 receptor antagonist therapy.
  • disorders include sleep-wake transition disorders, insomnia, restless legs syndrome, jet-lag, disturbed sleep, and sleep disorders secondary to neurological disorders (e.g., manias, depressions, manic depression, schizophrenia, and pain syndromes (e.g., fibromyalgia, neuropathic pain).
  • neurological disorders e.g., manias, depressions, manic depression, schizophrenia, and pain syndromes (e.g., fibromyalgia, neuropathic pain).
  • the orexin system also interacts with brain dopamine systems.
  • Intracerebroventricular injections of orexins in mice increase locomotor activity, grooming and stereotypy; these behavioral effects are reversed by
  • orexin-2 modulators may be useful to treat various neurological disorders; e.g., agonists or up-regulators to treat catatonia, antagonists or down-regulators to treat Parkinson's disease,
  • Tourette's syndrome anxiety, delerium and dementias.
  • nicotine J. K. Kane et al., Endocrinology, 2000, 141 (10), 3623-3629; J. K. Kane et al., Neurosci. Lett, 2001 , 298(1 ), 1 -4), morphine (D.
  • Orexins and their receptors have been found in both the myenteric and submucosal plexus of the enteric nervous system, where orexins have been shown to increase motility in vitro (Kirchgessner & Liu, Neuron 1999, 24, 941 - 951 ) and to stimulate gastric acid secretion in vitro (Takahashi et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 1999, 254, 623-627).
  • Orexin mediated effects on the gut may be driven by a projection via the vagus nerve (van den Pol, 1999, supra), as vagotomy or atropine prevent the effect of an intracerebroventricular injection of orexin on gastric acid secretion (Takahashi et al., 1999, supra).
  • Orexin receptor antagonists or other down-regulators of orexin receptor- mediated systems are therefore potential treatments for ulcers, irritable bowel syndrome, diarrhea and gastroesophageal reflux.
  • Body weight may also be affected by orexin-mediated regulation of appetite and metabolism (T. Sakurai et al., Cell, 1998, 92(4), 573-585; T.
  • Orexins alter gastric motility and gastric acid secretion.
  • Orexin receptor antagonists therefore are likely to be useful in treatment of overweight or obesity and conditions related to overweight or obesity, such as insulin resistance, type II diabetes, hyperlipidemia, gallstones, angina, hypertension, breathlessness, tachycardia, infertility, sleep apnea, back and joint pain, varicose veins and osteoarthritis.
  • orexin receptor agonists are likely to be useful in treatment of underweight and related conditions such as hypotension, bradycardia, ammenorrhea and related infertility, and eating disorders such as anorexia and bulimia.
  • Intracerebroventricularly administered orexins have been shown to increase mean arterial pressure and heart rate in freely moving (awake) animals (Samson et al., Brain Res. 1999, 831 , 248-253; Shirasaka et al., Am. J.
  • Orexin receptor agonists may therefore be candidates for treatment of hypotension, bradycardia and heart failure related thereto, while orexin receptor antagonists may be useful for treatment of hypertension, tachycardia and other arrhythmias, angina pectoris and acute heart failure.
  • modulators of the orexin-2 receptor will be of great advantage in the development of therapeutic agents for the treatment of a wide variety of disorders that are mediated through these receptor systems.
  • WO200902231 1 February 19, 2009
  • heteroaryl derivatives International Publication No. WO20090163485, June 25, 2009
  • methyl substituted piperidinyl derivatives International Publication No. WO2009124956, October 15, 2009
  • N,N-disubstituted-1 ,4-diazepane derivatives Cox et al, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2009, 19(1 1 ), 2997-3001
  • Orexin /Hypocretin receptor ligands Boss, et al., Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2009, 52(4), 891 -903
  • 3,9-diazabicyclo[4.2.1 ]nonanes Coldeman et al, Bioorganic &
  • WO2010017260 imidazopyridylmethyl substituted piperidine derivatives (International Publication No WO2010072722), imidazopyrazine substituted piperidine derivatives (US2010160344, June 24, 2010; US20100160345, June 24, 2010; International Publication No WO2010060472, June 3, 2010), N- ⁇ [(1 R,4S,6R)-3-(2-pyridinylcarbonyl)-3-azabicyclo[4.1 .0]hept-4-yl]methyl ⁇ -2- heteroarylamine derivatives (International Publication No WO2010063663), N- ⁇ [(1 S,4S,6S)-3-(2-pyridinylcarbonyl)-3-azabicyclo[4.1 .0]hept-4-yl]methyl ⁇ -2- heteroarylamine derivatives (International Publication No WO2010063662), imidazopyrimidine derivatives (International Publication No WO2010060471 ), and imidazopyrazine derivatives (International
  • the invention is directed to a chemical entity of Formula (I):
  • R 1 is a member selected from the group consisting of:
  • R a is independently selected from the group consisting of: -H, halo, - Ci -4 alkyl, -Ci -4 alkoxy, and -NO2, wherein two adjacent R a members may come together to form a six membered aromatic ring;
  • R b is a member selected from the group consisting of:
  • R c is Ci -4 alkyl
  • R d is a member selected from the group consisting of:
  • C) 5-mennbered heteroaryl ring selected from the group consisting of: 2- methyl-1 ,3-thiazol-yl, 1 H-pyrazol-5-yl, oxazole, isoxazolyl, thiophen- 2-yl, and furan-2-yl, each substituted with phenyl substituted or unsubstituted with -F; and
  • R 2 is a member selected from the group consisting of:
  • halo -Ci -4 alkyl, -CD 3 , -D, -Ci -4 alkoxy, cyclopropyl, morpholin-2-yl, -CO 2 Ci -4 alkyl, -CO 2 H, -CH 2 OH, -C(O)N(Ci -4 alkyl) 2 , -CF 3 , -CN, -OH, -NO 2 , -N(Ci -4 alkyl) 2 , phenyl, furan-2-yl, thiophen-2-yl, 1 H- pyrazol-4-yl, and pyrrolidin-1 -yl;
  • the invention is directed to a chemical entity of
  • R 3 is phenyl substituted or unsubstituted with a member independently
  • R 4 is a member selected from the group consisting of (5-trifluoromethyl)- pyridin-2-yl, (5-trifluoromethyl)-pyrimidin-2-yl, 4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, and quinoxalin-2-yl .
  • compositions of Formula (I) or Formula (II) are provided by pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), and pharmaceutically active metabolites of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II).
  • the compound of Formula (I) or Formula (II) is a compound selected from those species described or exemplified in the detailed description below.
  • the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions for treating a disease, disorder, or medical condition mediated by orexin receptor activity, comprising an effective amount of at least one chemical entity selected from compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), and pharmaceutically active metabolites of Formula (I) or Formula (II).
  • compositions according to the invention may further comprise one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
  • the chemical embodiments of the present invention are useful as orexin receptor modulators.
  • the invention is directed to a method for modulating orexin receptor activity, including when such receptor is in a subject, comprising exposing orexin receptor to an effective amount of at least one chemical entity selected from compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), and pharmaceutically active metabolites of compounds of Formula
  • the invention is directed to a method of treating a subject suffering from or diagnosed with a disease, disorder, or medical condition mediated by orexin receptor activity, comprising administering to the subject in need of such treatment an effective amount of at least one chemical entity selected from compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), and pharmaceutically active metabolites of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula
  • method of studying isotopically labeled compounds in metabolic studies preferably with 14 C
  • reaction kinetic studies with, for example 2 H or 3 H
  • detection or imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET) or single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
  • drug or substrate tissue distribution assays or in radioactive treatment of patients.
  • an 18 F or 11 C labeled compound may be particularly preferred for PET or an I 123 for SPECT studies.
  • An object of the present invention is to overcome or ameliorate at least one of the disadvantages of the conventional methodologies and/or prior art, or to provide a useful alternative thereto. Additional embodiments, features, and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following detailed description and through practice of the invention.
  • Figure 1 is a Powder X-Ray Diffraction of an exemplied compound X
  • alkyl refers to a straight- or branched-chain alkyl group having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms in the chain.
  • alkyl groups include methyl (Me, which also may be structurally depicted by the symbol, 7"), ethyl (Et), n-propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl (tBu), pentyl, isopentyl, tert-pentyl, hexyl, isohexyl, and groups that in light of the ordinary skill in the art and the teachings provided herein would be considered
  • alkoxy includes a straight chain or branched alkyl group with a terminal oxygen linking the alkyl group to the rest of the molecule.
  • Alkoxy includes methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, t-butoxy, pentoxy and so on.
  • Aminoalkyl, thioalkyl, and “sulfonylalkyl” are analogous to alkoxy, replacing the terminal oxygen atom of alkoxy with, respectively, NH (or NR), S, and SO 2 .
  • cyano refers to the group -CN.
  • cycloalkyl refers to a saturated or partially saturated, monocyclic, fused polycyclic, or spiro polycyclic carbocycle having from 3 to 12 ring atoms per carbocycle.
  • Illustrative examples of cycloalkyl groups include the foll wing entities, in the form of properly bonded moieties:
  • heterocycloalkyl refers to a monocyclic ring structure that is saturated or partially saturated and has from 4 to 7 ring atoms per ring structure selected from carbon atoms and up to two heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur.
  • the ring structure may optionally contain up to two oxo groups on sulfur ring members.
  • Illustrative entities, in the form of properly bonded moieties include:
  • aryl refers to a monocyclic, or fused or spiro polycyclic, aromatic carbocycle (ring structure having ring atoms that are all carbon) having from 3 to 12 ring atoms per ring. (Carbon atoms in aryl groups are sp 2 hybridized.) Illustrative examples of aryl groups include the following moieties:
  • heteroaryl refers to a monocyclic, fused bicyclic, or fused polycyclic aromatic heterocycle (ring structure having ring atoms selected from carbon atoms and up to four heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur) having from 3 to 12 ring atoms per heterocycle.
  • heteroaryl groups include the following entities, in the form of properly bonded moieties:
  • heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, aryl and heterocycloalkyl groups listed or illustrated above are not exhaustive, and that additional species within the scope of these defined terms may also be selected.
  • halogen represents chlorine, fluorine, bromine or iodine.
  • halo represents chloro, fluoro, bromo or iodo.
  • substituted means that the specified group or moiety bears one or more substituents.
  • unsubstituted means that the specified group bears no substituents.
  • optionally substituted means that the specified group is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more substituents. Where the term “substituted” is used to describe a structural system, the substitution is meant to occur at any valency-allowed position on the system. In cases where a specified moiety or group is not expressly noted as being optionally substituted or substituted with any specified substituent, it is understood that such a moiety or group is intended to be unsubstituted.
  • Buffered solution or buffer solution are used herein interchangeably according to their standard meaning. Buffered solutions are used to control the pH of a medium, and their choice, use, and function is known to those of ordinary skill in the art. See, for example, G.D. Considine, ed., Van Nostrand's Encyclopedia of Chemistry, p. 261 , 5 th ed. (2005), describing, inter alia, buffer solutions and how the concentrations of the buffer constituents relate to the pH of the buffer. See also Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84 th ed., pp. 8-37 to 8-44. For example, a buffered solution is obtained by adding MgSO and NaHCO 3 to a solution in a 10:1 w/w ratio to maintain the pH of the solution at about 7.5.
  • any formula given herein is intended to represent compounds having structures depicted by the structural formula as well as certain variations or forms.
  • compounds of any formula given herein may have asymmetric centers and therefore exist in different enantiomeric forms. All optical isomers and stereoisomers of the compounds of the general formula, and mixtures thereof, are considered within the scope of the formula.
  • any formula given herein is intended to represent a racemate, one or more enantiomeric forms, one or more diastereomeric forms, one or more
  • Atropisomeric forms and mixtures thereof.
  • certain structures may exist as geometric isomers (i.e., cis and trans isomers), as tautomers, or as atropisomers.
  • any formula given herein is intended to refer also to hydrates, solvates, and polymorphs of such compounds, and mixtures thereof, even if such forms are not listed explicitly.
  • Certain compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II) may be obtained as solvates.
  • Solvates include those formed from the interaction or complexation of compounds of the invention with one or more solvents, either in solution or as a solid or crystalline form. In some embodiments, the solvent is water and then the solvates are hydrates.
  • certain crystalline forms of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II) may be obtained as co-crystals.
  • compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II) were obtained in a crystalline form.
  • crystalline forms of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II) were cubic in nature.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II) were obtained in a crystalline form.
  • compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II) were obtained in one of several polymorphic forms, as a mixture of crystalline forms, as a polymorphic form, or as an amorphous form.
  • compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II) convert in solution between one or more crystalline forms and/or polymorphic forms.
  • references to a chemical entity herein stands for a reference to any one of: (a) the actually recited form of such chemical entity, and (b) any of the forms of such chemical entity in the medium in which the compound is being considered when named.
  • reference herein to a compound such as R-COOH encompasses reference to any one of, for example, R-COOH (S ), R-COOH (SO i), and R-COO " (SO i).
  • R-COOH (s) refers to the solid compound, as it could be for example in a tablet or some other solid
  • R-COOH( SO i) refers to the
  • R-COO " ( SO i) refers to the dissociated form of the compound in a solvent, such as the dissociated form of the compound in an aqueous environment, whether such dissociated form derives from R-COOH, from a salt thereof, or from any other entity that yields R-COO " upon dissociation in the medium being considered.
  • an expression such as "exposing an entity to compound of formula R- COOH” refers to the exposure of such entity to the form, or forms, of the compound R-COOH that exists, or exist, in the medium in which such exposure takes place.
  • an expression such as "reacting an entity with a compound of formula R-COOH” refers to the reacting of (a) such entity in the chemically relevant form, or forms, of such entity that exists, or exist, in the medium in which such reacting takes place, with (b) the chemically relevant form, or forms, of the compound R-COOH that exists, or exist, in the medium in which such reacting takes place.
  • entity is for example in an aqueous environment, it is understood that the compound R-COOH is in such same medium, and therefore the entity is being exposed to species such as R-COOH(aq) and/or R-COO " ( aq ), where the subscript "(aq)" stands for
  • a carboxylic acid functional group has been chosen in these nomenclature examples; this choice is not intended, however, as a limitation but it is merely an illustration. It is understood that analogous examples can be provided in terms of other functional groups, including but not limited to hydroxyl, basic nitrogen members, such as those in amines, and any other group that interacts or transforms according to known manners in the medium that contains the compound. Such interactions and transformations include, but are not limited to, dissociation, association, tautomerism, solvolysis, including hydrolysis, solvation, including hydration, protonation, and
  • a zwitterionic compound is encompassed herein by referring to a compound that is known to form a zwitterion, even if it is not explicitly named in its zwitterionic form.
  • Terms such as zwitterion, zwitterions, and their synonyms zwitterionic compound(s) are standard lUPAC-endorsed names that are well known and part of standard sets of defined scientific names.
  • the name zwitterion is assigned the name identification CHEBI:27369 by the Chemical Entities of Biological Inerest (ChEBI) dictionary of molecular entities.
  • a zwitterion or zwitterionic compound is a neutral compound that has formal unit charges of opposite sign.
  • aminoethanoic acid (the amino acid glycine) has the formula H 2 NCH 2 COOH, and it exists in some media (in this case in neutral media) in the form of the zwitterion + H 3 NCH 2 COO " .
  • Zwitterions, zwitterionic compounds, inner salts and dipolar ions in the known and well established meanings of these terms are within the scope of this invention, as would in any case be so appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art.
  • any formula given herein is also intended to represent unlabeled forms as well as isotopically labeled forms of the compounds.
  • Isotopically labeled compounds have structures depicted by the formulas given herein except that one or more atoms are replaced by an atom having a selected atomic mass or mass number.
  • isotopes that can be incorporated into compounds of the invention include isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, fluorine, and chlorine, such as 2 H, 3 H, 11 C, 13 C, 14 C, 15 N, 18 O, 17 O, si p 32 P j 35 Sj i8 Fj 36 ⁇ 125 ⁇ reS p ect j V ely.
  • Such isotopically labeled compounds are useful in metabolic studies (preferably with 14 C), reaction kinetic studies (with, for example 2 H or 3 H), detection or imaging techniques [such as positron emission tomography (PET) or single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)] including drug or substrate tissue distribution assays, or in
  • an 18 F or 11 C labeled compound may be particularly preferred for PET or an I 123 for SPECT studies.
  • substitution with heavier isotopes such as deuterium (i.e., 2 H) may afford certain therapeutic advantages resulting from greater metabolic stability, for example increased in vivo half-life or reduced dosage requirements.
  • Isotopically labeled compounds of this invention and prodrugs thereof can generally be prepared by carrying out the procedures disclosed in the schemes or in the examples and preparations described below by substituting a readily available isotopically labeled reagent for a non-isotopically labeled reagent.
  • the selection of a particular moiety from a list of possible species for a specified variable is not intended to define the same choice of the species for the variable appearing elsewhere. In other words, where a variable appears more than once, the choice of the species from a specified list is independent of the choice of the species for the same variable elsewhere in the formula, unless stated otherwise.
  • embodiments of this invention comprise the various groupings that can be made from the listed assignments, taken independently, and equivalents thereof.
  • substituent S exa mpie is one of Si , S 2 , and S 3
  • this listing refers to embodiments of this invention for which S exa mpie is Si ; S exa mpie is S2;
  • S exa mpie is one of Si , S 2 , and S3" is accordingly used herein for the sake of brevity, but not by way of limitation.
  • Ci-3 refers independently to embodiments that have one carbon member (Ci ), embodiments that have two carbon members (C2), and embodiments that have three carbon members (Cs).
  • C n-m alkyl refers to an aliphatic chain, whether straight or branched, with a total number N of carbon members in the chain that satisfies n ⁇ N ⁇ m, with m > n. Any disubstituent referred to herein is meant to
  • disubstituent -A-B- where A ⁇ B, refers herein to such disubstituent with A attached to a first substituted member and B attached to a second substituted member, and it also refers to such disubstituent with A attached to the second substituted member and B attached to the first substituted member.
  • R 1 is phenyl substituted with R a , where R a is -F, -I, -CI, -OCH3, -OCH 2 CH 3 , -CH 3 , -
  • R 1 is substituted phenyl wherein R b is a
  • R 1 is phenyl substituted with R a , wherein
  • R a is -H, -F, -CI, -CH 3 , -C(CH 3 ) 3 , -OCH 3 , or -OCH 2 CH 3
  • R b is -Br, -F, -I, -Ci_
  • R 1 is substituted phenyl where R b is 2- thiophen-2-yl or 2-furan-2-yl.
  • R 1 is substituted phenyl where R b is phenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 4-methylphenyl, or 4- trifluoromethylphenyl.
  • R 1 is substituted phenyl where R b is 1 H- pyrrol-1 -yl, 1 H-pyrazol-1 -yl, 1 H-pyrazol-5-yl, 1 H-imidazol-2-yl, 1 -methyl-1 H- imidazol-2-yl, 1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl, 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl, 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl, 1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-5-yl, 2H-1 ,2,4-triazol-1 -yl, 2H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3-yl, 4H-1 ,2,4-triazol- 3-yl, 4H-1 ,2,4-triazol-4-yl, 1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3-yl, 1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4- triazol-5-yl or
  • R 1 is substituted phenyl, where R b is pyridin-2-yl, 3-chloropyridin-2-yl, 3-fluoropyridin-2-yl, 3-methylpyridin-2-yl, 4- methylpyridin-2-yl, 5-methylpyridin-2-yl, 6-methylpyridin-2-yl, 2-pyridin-3-yl, or 2-pyrimidin-2-yl.
  • R 1 is substituted phenyl, where R b is 3- methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl or oxazol-2-yl.
  • R 1 is phenyl substituted with R a , where R a is halo, -Ci -4 alkyl, or -Ci -4 alkoxy, and R b is triazole or pyrimidine substituted or unsubstituted with halo or -Ci- alkyl.
  • R 1 is (1 -methylethyl)-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-
  • R 1 is substituted pyridine, where R d is -CF 3 , -Br, or -OCH 2 CH 2 CH 3 .
  • R d is 1 H-pyrazol-5-yl, 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl, 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl, 4H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl, 1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl, 3-methylpyridin-2-yl, or 3-methyl- 1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl.
  • R d is
  • R 1 is 1 -phenyl-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl
  • R 1 is 3-methylfuran-2-yl, 9H-fluorene, quinoline, cinnoline; 3-(1 H-pyrrol-1 - yl)thiophen-2-yl, 8-[1 ,2,3]-triazol-2-yl-naphthalen-1 -yl, 2,3-dihydro-1 ,4- benzodioxin-5-yl, 1 H-indol-7-yl, 4-fluoronaphthalen-1 -yl, and naphthalen-1 -yl and R 2 is selected from the group consisting of 4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4- phenyl-pyrimidin-2-yl, quinoxaline, or 4-methoxypyrimidin-2-yl.
  • R 2 is pyrimidine substituted with -F, -CI, -D, -CD 3 , -CH 3 , ethyl, isopropyl, propyl, tert- butyl, -CF 3 , -OCH 3 , -N(CH 3 ) 2 , -CN, -OH, -CH 2 OH, -NO 2 , -CO 2 CH 3 , -CO 2 H, - C(O)N(CH 3 ) 2 , phenyl, furan-2-yl, thiophen-2-yl, 1 H-pyrazol-4-yl, cyclopropyl, pyrrolidin-1 -yl, or morpholin-4-yl.
  • R 2 is 4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4,5- dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl,4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl,4-phenyl-pyrimidin-2-yl, 4- furan-2-ylpyrinnidin-2-yl, 4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4-methoxypyrinnidin-2-yl, 4- thiophen-2-ylpyrimidin-2-yl, N,N,6-trimethyl-pyrimidin-4-amine, 4- (trifl uoromethyl )pyrim id in-2-yl , 4,5,6-trimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4- (trifluoronnethyl)pyrinnidine-5-carboxylate, 4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine-5- carboxylic acid, 5-nitro-pyrimidin-2-yl, 6-methylpyrinnidine-4-carboxylic acid, N,N-dimethyl-4-(tn
  • R 2 is pyrimidine substituted with one or more -CI, -F, -CH 3 , -CF 3 , -N(CH 3 ) 2 , -D, or -CD 3 .
  • R 2 is 4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4,5- dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl,4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl, 4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4- methoxypyrimidin-2-yl, N,N,6-trimethyl-pyrimidin-4-amine, 4- (trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl, 4,5,6-trimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4,6- bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl, 6-methyl-pyrimidin-4-ol, 5-fluoro-4- methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl, 4-methoxy-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-chloro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoro- 4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-trifluoromethylpyrimi
  • R 2 is pyrazine or triazine substituted with one or more -CH 3 .
  • R 2 is pyridine substituted with one or more -F, -OCH 3 , -OCH 2 CH 3 , -CH 3 , or -CF 3 .
  • R 2 is benzooxazol-2-yl, 2- methylpyrimidin-4(3H)-one and 4-methyl-6,7-dihydro-5H- cyclopenta[d]pyrimidine and R 1 is phenyl, substituted in the ortho position with R b , where R b is 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl, 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-l -yl, 3-methyl-1 ,2,4- oxadiazol-5-yl or 2-pyrimidin-2-yl.
  • R 2 is quinoxalin-2-yl, 3-methylquinoxalin-2-yl, 6,7-difluoroquinoxalin-2-yl, 3- (trifluoromethyl)quinoxaline, 4-methylquinoline, or 6-fluoroquinazolin-2-yl and R 1 is phenyl substituted in the ortho position with R b , where R b is 2H-1 ,2,3- triazol-2-yl, 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl, 3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl or 2-pyrimidin-2- yi-
  • R 3 is biphenyl or 2-methoxyphenyl and R 4 is (5-trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl, (5- trifluoromethyl)-pyrimidin-2-yl, 4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, or quinoxalin-2-yl.
  • R 1 is 2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)phenyl, 2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 2-fluoro-6- (2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 2-methyl-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 3-fluoro- 2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 3-fluoro-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)phenyl, 3- methoxy-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)phenyl, 3-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl, 3-methyl-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 3-methyl-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-y
  • R 1 is 3-fluoro-2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl, 6-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol- 2-yl)phenyl, 4-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, or 3-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl- pyridin-2-yl and R 2 is 4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin- 2-yl, or 5-fluoro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl.
  • a pharmaceutical composition therefore comprises an effective amount of at least one a compound of Formula (I) and Formula (II) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the invention includes also pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of Formula (I) and Formula (II), preferably of those described above and of the specific compounds exemplified herein, and methods of treatment using such salts.
  • a “pharmaceutically acceptable salt” is intended to mean a salt of a free acid or base of a compound represented by Formula (I) and Formula (II), that is non-toxic, biologically tolerable, or otherwise biologically suitable for
  • a compound of Formula (I) and Formula (II) may possess a sufficiently acidic group, a sufficiently basic group, or both types of functional groups, and accordingly react with a number of inorganic or organic bases, and inorganic and organic acids, to form a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.
  • Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable salts include sulfates, pyrosulfates, bisulfates, sulfites, bisulfites, phosphates, monohydrogen- phosphates, dihydrogenphosphates, metaphosphates, pyrophosphates, chlorides, bromides, iodides, acetates, propionates, decanoates, caprylates, acrylates, formates, isobutyrates, caproates, heptanoates, propiolates, oxalates, malonates, succinates, suberates, sebacates, fumarates, maleates, butyne-1 ,4-dioates, hexyne-1 ,6-dioates, benzoates, chlorobenzoates, methylbenzoates, dinitrobenzoates, hydroxybenzoates, methoxybenzoates, phthalates, sulfonates, xylenesulfonates, phenylacetates
  • naphthalene-2-sulfonates and mandelates.
  • the desired pharmaceutically acceptable salt may be prepared by any suitable method available in the art, for example, treatment of the free base with an inorganic acid, such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfamic acid, nitric acid, boric acid, phosphoric acid, and the like, or with an organic acid, such as acetic acid, phenylacetic acid, propionic acid, stearic acid, lactic acid, ascorbic acid, maleic acid, hydroxymaleic acid, isethionic acid, succinic acid, valeric acid, fumaric acid, malonic acid, pyruvic acid, oxalic acid, glycolic acid, salicylic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, lauric acid, a pyranosidyl acid, such as glucuronic acid or galacturonic acid, an alpha-hydroxy acid, such as mandelic acid, citric acid, or
  • an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid
  • the desired pharmaceutically acceptable salt may be prepared by any suitable method, for example, treatment of the free acid with an inorganic or organic base, such as an amine (primary, secondary or tertiary), an alkali metal hydroxide, alkaline earth metal hydroxide, any compatible mixture of bases such as those given as examples herein, and any other base and mixture thereof that are regarded as equivalents or acceptable substitutes in light of the ordinary level of skill in this technology.
  • an inorganic or organic base such as an amine (primary, secondary or tertiary), an alkali metal hydroxide, alkaline earth metal hydroxide, any compatible mixture of bases such as those given as examples herein, and any other base and mixture thereof that are regarded as equivalents or acceptable substitutes in light of the ordinary level of skill in this technology.
  • suitable salts include organic salts derived from amino acids, such as N-methyl-D-glucamine, lysine, choline, glycine and arginine, ammonia, carbonates, bicarbonates, primary, secondary, and tertiary amines, and cyclic amines, such as tromethamine, benzylamines, pyrrolidines, piperidine, morpholine, and piperazine, and inorganic salts derived from sodium, calcium, potassium, magnesium, manganese, iron, copper, zinc, aluminum, and lithium.
  • amino acids such as N-methyl-D-glucamine, lysine, choline, glycine and arginine
  • ammonia carbonates, bicarbonates, primary, secondary, and tertiary amines
  • cyclic amines such as tromethamine, benzylamines, pyrrolidines, piperidine, morpholine, and piperazine
  • inorganic salts derived
  • the invention also relates to pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs of the compounds of Formula (I) and Formula (II), and treatment methods employing such pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs.
  • prodrug means a precursor of a designated compound that, following administration to a subject, yields the compound in vivo via a chemical or physiological process such as solvolysis or enzymatic cleavage, or under physiological conditions (e.g., a prodrug on being brought to physiological pH is converted to the compound of Formula (I) or Formula (II)).
  • a “pharmaceutically acceptable prodrug” is a prodrug that is non-toxic, biologically tolerable, and otherwise biologically suitable for administration to the subject. Illustrative procedures for the selection and preparation of suitable prodrug derivatives are described, for example, in "Design of Prodrugs” , ed. H. Bundgaard, Elsevier, 1985.
  • Exemplary prodrugs include compounds having an amino acid residue, or a polypeptide chain of two or more (e.g., two, three or four) amino acid residues, covalently joined through an amide or ester bond to a free amino, hydroxy, or carboxylic acid group of a compound of Formula (I) or Formula (II).
  • amino acid residues include the twenty naturally occurring amino acids, commonly designated by three letter symbols, as well as 4- hydroxyproline, hydroxylysine, demosine, isodemosine, 3-methylhistidine, norvalin, beta-alanine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, citrulline homocysteine, homoserine, ornithine and methionine sulfone.
  • prodrugs may be produced, for instance, by derivatizing free carboxyl groups of structures of Formula (I) or Formula (II) as amides or alkyl esters.
  • amides include those derived from ammonia, primary C h alky! amines and secondary di(Ci- 6 alkyl) amines.
  • Secondary amines include 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl or heteroaryl ring moieties.
  • amides include those that are derived from ammonia, C h alky! primary amines, and di(Ci- 2 alkyl)amines.
  • esters of the invention include Ci -7 alkyl, C 5-7 cycloalkyl, phenyl, and phenyl(Ci- 6 alkyl) esters.
  • Preferred esters include methyl esters.
  • Prodrugs may also be prepared by derivatizing free hydroxy groups using groups including
  • phosphoryloxymethyloxycarbonyls following procedures such as those outlined in Fleisher et al., Adv. Drug Delivery Rev. 1996, 19, 1 15-130.
  • Carbamate derivatives of hydroxy and amino groups may also yield prodrugs.
  • Carbonate derivatives, sulfonate esters, and sulfate esters of hydroxy groups may also provide prodrugs.
  • Derivatization of hydroxy groups as (acyloxy)methyl and (acyloxy)ethyl ethers, wherein the acyl group may be an alkyl ester, optionally substituted with one or more ether, amine, or carboxylic acid functionalities, or where the acyl group is an amino acid ester as described above, is also useful to yield prodrugs.
  • Prodrugs of this type may be prepared as described in Robinson et al., J Med Chem. 1996, 39(l),10-18. Free amines can also be derivatized as amides, sulfonamides or phosphonamides. All of these prodrug moieties may incorporate groups including ether, amine, and carboxylic acid functionalities.
  • the present invention also relates to pharmaceutically active metabolites of the compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), which may also be used in the methods of the invention.
  • a "pharmaceutically active metabolite” means a pharmacologically active product of metabolism in the body of a compound of Formula (I) or Formula (II) or salt thereof.
  • Prodrugs and active metabolites of a compound may be determined using routine techniques known or available in the art. See, e.g., Bertolini, et al., J Med Chem. 1997, 40, 201 1 -2016; Shan, et al., J Pharm Sci. 1997, 86 (7), 765-767; Bagshawe, Drug Dev Res.
  • modulators include both inhibitors and activators, where “inhibitors” refer to compounds that decrease, prevent, inactivate, desensitize or down-regulate orexin receptor expression or activity, and “activators” are compounds that increase, activate, facilitate, sensitize, or up-regulate orexin receptor
  • treat or “treating” as used herein is intended to refer to administration of an active agent or composition of the invention to a subject for the purpose of effecting a therapeutic or prophylactic benefit through
  • Treating includes reversing
  • subject refers to a mammalian patient in need of such treatment, such as a human.
  • the invention relates to methods of using the compounds described herein to treat subjects diagnosed with or suffering from a disease, disorder, or condition mediated by orexin receptor activity, such as: disorders of the sleep-wake cycle, metabolic disorders, neurological disorders and other disorders (e.g., feeding, drinking, arousal, stress, addiction, metabolism and reproduction). Symptoms or disease states are intended to be included within the scope of "medical conditions, disorders, or diseases.”
  • Sleep disorders include, but are not limited to, sleep-wake transition disorders, insomnia, restless legs syndrome, jet-lag, disturbed sleep, and sleep disorders secondary to neurological disorders (e.g., manias, depressions, manic depression, schizophrenia, and pain syndromes (e.g., fibromyalgia, neuropathic).
  • neurological disorders e.g., manias, depressions, manic depression, schizophrenia, and pain syndromes (e.g., fibromyalgia, neuropathic).
  • Metabolic disorders include, but are not limited to, overweight or obesity and conditions related to overweight or obesity, such as insulin resistance, type II diabetes, hyperlipidemia, gallstones, angina, hypertension, breathlessness, tachycardia, infertility, sleep apnea, back and joint pain, varicose veins and osteoarthritis.
  • Neurological disorders include, but are not limited to, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Tourette's Syndrome, catatonia, anxiety, delirium and dementias.
  • disorders include, but are not limited to, ulcers, irritable bowel syndrome, diarrhea and gastroesophageal reflux.
  • an effective amount of a pharmaceutical agent according to the invention is administered to a subject suffering from or diagnosed as having such a disease, disorder, or condition.
  • An "effective amount” means an amount or dose sufficient to generally bring about the desired therapeutic or prophylactic benefit in patients in need of such treatment for the designated disease, disorder, or condition.
  • Effective amounts or doses of the compounds of the present invention may be ascertained by routine methods such as modeling, dose escalation studies or clinical trials, and by taking into consideration routine factors, e.g., the mode or route of administration or drug delivery, the pharmacokinetics of the compound, the severity and course of the disease, disorder, or condition, the subject's previous or ongoing therapy, the subject's health status and response to drugs, and the judgment of the treating physician.
  • An example of a dose is in the range of from about 0.001 to about 200 mg of compound per kg of subject's body weight per day, preferably about 0.05 to 100 mg/kg/day, or about 1 to 35 mg/kg/day, in single or divided dosage units (e.g., BID, TID, QID).
  • a suitable dosage amount is from about 0.05 to about 7 g/day, or about 0.2 to about 2.5 g/day.
  • the dose may be adjusted for preventative or maintenance treatment.
  • the dosage or the frequency of administration, or both may be reduced as a function of the symptoms, to a level at which the desired therapeutic or prophylactic effect is maintained.
  • treatment may cease. Patients may, however, require intermittent treatment on a long-term basis upon any recurrence of symptoms.
  • active agents of the invention may be used in any combination.
  • additional active ingredients may be coadministered separately with an active agent of compounds of Table 1 or included with such an agent in a pharmaceutical composition according to the invention.
  • additional active ingredients are those that are known or discovered to be effective in the treatment of conditions, disorders, or diseases mediated by orexin activity, such as another orexin modulator or a compound active against another target associated with the particular condition, disorder, or disease.
  • the combination may serve to increase efficacy (e.g., by including in the combination a compound potentiating the potency or effectiveness of an active agent according to the invention), decrease one or more side effects, or decrease the required dose of the active agent according to the invention.
  • a pharmaceutical composition of the invention comprises: (a) an effective amount of at least one active agent in accordance with the invention; and (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
  • a “pharmaceutically acceptable excipient” refers to a substance that is non-toxic, biologically tolerable, and otherwise biologically suitable for administration to a subject, such as an inert substance, added to a
  • pharmacological composition or otherwise used as a vehicle, carrier, or diluent to facilitate administration of a agent and that is compatible therewith.
  • excipients examples include calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, various sugars and types of starch, cellulose derivatives, gelatin, vegetable oils, and polyethylene glycols.
  • Delivery forms of the pharmaceutical compositions containing one or more dosage units of the active agents may be prepared using suitable pharmaceutical excipients and compounding techniques known or that become available to those skilled in the art.
  • the compositions may be administered in the inventive methods by a suitable route of delivery, e.g., oral, parenteral, rectal, topical, or ocular routes, or by inhalation.
  • the preparation may be in the form of tablets, capsules, sachets, dragees, powders, granules, lozenges, powders for reconstitution, liquid preparations, or suppositories.
  • the compositions are formulated for intravenous infusion, topical administration, or oral administration.
  • the compounds of the invention can be provided in the form of tablets or capsules, or as a solution, emulsion, or suspension.
  • the compounds may be formulated to yield a dosage of, e.g., from about 0.05 to about 100 mg/kg daily, or from about 0.05 to about 35 mg/kg daily, or from about 0.1 to about 10 mg/kg daily.
  • a total daily dosage of about 5 mg to 5 g daily may be accomplished by dosing once, twice, three, or four times per day.
  • Oral tablets may include a compound according to the invention mixed with pharmaceutically acceptable excipients such as inert diluents,
  • Suitable inert fillers include sodium and calcium carbonate, sodium and calcium phosphate, lactose, starch, sugar, glucose, methyl cellulose, magnesium stearate, mannitol, sorbitol, and the like.
  • Exemplary liquid oral excipients include ethanol, glycerol, water, and the like.
  • Starch, polyvinyl-pyrrolidone (PVP), sodium starch glycolate, microcrystalline cellulose, and alginic acid are suitable disintegrating agents.
  • Binding agents may include starch and gelatin.
  • the lubricating agent if present, may be magnesium stearate, stearic acid or talc. If desired, the tablets may be coated with a material such as glyceryl
  • monostearate or glyceryl distearate to delay absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, or may be coated with an enteric coating.
  • Capsules for oral administration include hard and soft gelatin capsules.
  • compounds of the invention may be mixed with a solid, semi-solid, or liquid diluent.
  • Soft gelatin capsules may be prepared by mixing the compound of the invention with water, an oil such as peanut oil or olive oil, liquid paraffin, a mixture of mono and di-glycerides of short chain fatty acids, polyethylene glycol 400, or propylene glycol.
  • Liquids for oral administration may be in the form of suspensions, solutions, emulsions or syrups or may be lyophilized or presented as a dry product for reconstitution with water or other suitable vehicle before use.
  • Such liquid compositions may optionally contain: pharmaceutically-acceptable excipients such as suspending agents (for example, sorbitol, methyl cellulose, sodium alginate, gelatin, hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, aluminum stearate gel and the like); non-aqueous vehicles, e.g., oil (for example, almond oil or fractionated coconut oil), propylene glycol, ethyl alcohol, or water; preservatives (for example, methyl or propyl p-hydroxybenzoate or sorbic acid); wetting agents such as lecithin; and, if desired, flavoring or coloring agents.
  • suspending agents for example, sorbitol, methyl cellulose, sodium alginate, gelatin, hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose,
  • compositions may be formulated for rectal
  • the compounds of the invention may be provided in sterile aqueous solutions or suspensions, buffered to an appropriate pH and isotonicity or in parenterally acceptable oil.
  • Suitable aqueous vehicles include Ringer's solution and isotonic sodium chloride.
  • Such forms will be presented in unit-dose form such as ampules or disposable injection devices, in multi-dose forms such as vials from which the appropriate dose may be withdrawn, or in a solid form or pre-concentrate that can be used to prepare an injectable formulation.
  • Illustrative infusion doses may range from about 1 to 1000 g/kg/minute of compound, admixed with a pharmaceutical carrier over a period ranging from several minutes to several days.
  • the compounds may be mixed with a pharmaceutical carrier at a concentration of about 0.1 % to about 10% of drug to vehicle.
  • a pharmaceutical carrier for topical administration, may be mixed with a pharmaceutical carrier at a concentration of about 0.1 % to about 10% of drug to vehicle.
  • Another mode of administering the compounds of the invention may utilize a patch formulation to affect transdermal delivery.
  • Compounds of the invention may alternatively be administered in methods of this invention by inhalation, via the nasal or oral routes, e.g., in a spray formulation also containing a suitable carrier.
  • HET is a 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring containing one to three nitrogen members, in the presence of copper(l)iodide, CS2CO3 and ⁇ , ⁇ '- dimethylcyclohexane-1 ,2-diamine; in a solvent such as DMF or dioxane, at temperatures ranging from 60 °C to 100 °C (using conventional or microwave heating).
  • a solvent such as DMF or dioxane
  • compounds of formula (Vlb) are prepared by the reaction of halobenzonitrile compounds of formula (VII) with HET, where HET is a 5- membered heteroaryl ring selected from the group consisting of triazole or pyrazole, in a solvent such as DMF and the like, in the presence of an inorganic base such as K2CO3 and the like, at temperatures ranging from 100 °C to 130 °C. Subsequent hydrolysis of the nitrile using a base such as aqueous NaOH and the like, in a solvent such as methanol provides compounds of formula (Vlb).
  • trial kyltinheteroaryl compound in a solvent such as DME, in the presence of a palladium catalyst such as Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 , in the presence or absence of a catalytic amount of copper iodide, at temperatures ranging from 100 °C to 160 °C, using conventional or microwave heating.
  • a palladium catalyst such as Pd(PPh 3 ) 4
  • a catalytic amount of copper iodide at temperatures ranging from 100 °C to 160 °C, using conventional or microwave heating.
  • Subsequent hydrolysis of the nitrile using a base such as aqueous NaOH and the like, in a solvent such as methanol provides compounds of formula (Vlb).
  • Compounds of formula (Vlb) are also prepared by the reaction of halobenzonitrile compounds of formula (VII) with HET-boronic acid, where HET-boronic acid is a commercially available or synthetically accessible heteroarylboronic acid, in a solvent such as DME, in the presence of a base such as NaHCO3, a palladium catalyst such as Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 , at temperatures ranging from 80 °C to the reflux temperature of the solvent. Subsequent hydrolysis using a base such as aqueous NaOH and the like, in a solvent such as methanol provides compounds of formula (Vlb).
  • compounds of formula (Vic) are obtained from compounds of formula (IV), by first converting a commercially available or synthetically accessible compound of formula (IV), where R a2 is -H, halo, -Ci- alkyl, -Ci- alkoxy, -CF 3 , or -NO 2 , and where X is C or N (with the proviso that only one X may be N) to one of formula (IX) under esterification conditions, for example by treating an alcohol solution of a compound of formula (IV) with an acid.
  • the compound of formula (IV) is dissolved in a solvent such as MeOH and treated with H 2 SO to afford a compound of formula (IX).
  • a compound of formula (X) is obtained by reacting a suitable compound of formula (IX) with pinacol borane in the presence of a phosphine and a palladium catalyst, in the presence of an amine base, in a solvent such as THF, at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 70 °C.
  • a phosphine is tri(o-tolyl)phosphine
  • the palladium catalyst is
  • Pd(OAc)2 and the amine base is triethylamine.
  • a compound of formula (Vic) is obtained by reacting a compound of formula (X) with a compound R b2 -CI, where R b2 -CI is a suitable commercially available or synthetically accessible 6-membered chloro-substituted heteroaryl compound, in the presence of a palladium catalyst, a base such as Na 2 CO3, and the like, in a solvent such as 2-methyl-tetrahydrofuran (2-methyl-THF), and the like, at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 80 °C.
  • the palladium catalyst is PdCl 2 (dppf)-dcm adduct
  • the base is Na 2 CO3
  • the solvent is 2-methyl-THF.
  • a compound of formula (Vic) is obtained from a compound of formula (XI) via ester hydrolysis.
  • a compound of formula (XI) in methyl-THF is treated with aqueous NaOH to afford a compound of formula (Vic).
  • substituted heteroaryl compounds R 2 CI of formula (XlVa) and (XVIb) are prepared from commercially available or synthetically accessible compounds of formula (Xllla) or (Xlllb).
  • Pyrimidols of formula (Xllla) or formula (Xlllb) are commercially available or are prepared by reacting substituted alkyl malonates of formula (XII), where R e is halo, with urea in the presence of a base such as sodium ethoxide and the like; in a suitable solvent such as ethanol, at temperatures between room temperature and the reflux temperature of the solvent.
  • Chloropyrimidines of formula (XlVa) or (XlVb) are reacted with Grignard reagents (R 9 MgBr) of formula (XV); in the presence of a catalytic amount of Fe(acac)3, in a solvent such as Et 2 O at 0 °C, provides alkyl chloropyrimidines of formula (XVIa) or (XVIb).
  • compounds of formula (XX) are obtained from synthetically accessible or commercially available 2-benzyl-octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole by first protecting the secondary nitrogen of 2-benzyl- octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole as a carbamate.
  • the carbamate is the terf-butylcarbamate (boc) which is introduced by treating 2- benzyl-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole with di-terf-butyl-dicarbonate, in a solvent such as DCM, affording compound (XVII).
  • Compound (XVIII) is obtained from treating compound (XVII) with hydrogen gas, in the presence of a catalyst.
  • the catalyst is Pd on carbon, in a solvent such as MeOH in the presence of AcOH.
  • a compound of formula (XIX) is obtained by treating compound (XVIII) with a compound of formula R 2 CI, where R 2 is as defined in formula (I).
  • tertiary organic or inorganic base such as CS2CO3, Na2CO3, TEA, and the like
  • a solvent such as DMF, dichloromethane, THF, n-butanol, and the like; at a temperature between room temperature and the reflux temperature of the solvent, using conventional or microwave heating, to afford compounds of formula (XIX).
  • the base is CS2CO3 and the solvent is DMF.
  • terf-butylcarbamate (boc) in compounds of formula (XIX) is accomplished by using methods known to one skilled in the art, such as, HCI, TFA, or p-toluenesulfonic acid, in a solvent such as CH 3 OH, dioxane, or CH2CI2.
  • a compound of formula (XIX) is treated with TFA in DCM or HCI to afford a compound of formula (XX).
  • a compound of formula (XX) is obtained by treating a compound of formula (XXI) with hydrogen gas, in the presence of a catalyst, in a solvent such as AcOH.
  • the catalyst is Pd on carbon.
  • a compound of formula (I) is obtained from a compound of formula (XIX), (XX), or (XXI) by reacting a compound of formula
  • a compound of formula (XIX), (XX), or (XXI), either as a free base or as an acid salt is reacted with a compound of formula R 1 CO 2 H, in the presence of a dehydrating agent such as HOBt/EDAC, CDI, HATU, HOAT; a suitably selected base such as DIPEA, TEA, and the like; in an organic solvent or mixture thereof, such as toluene, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, DMF, THF, methylene chloride, and the like; to afford a compound of formula (XXII), (XXIII) or (I).
  • the dehydrating agent is HATU
  • the base is DIPEA.
  • a compound of formula R 1 CO 2 H (as described above) may be first converted to a compound of formula R 1 COCI, or compound of formula R 1 COCI is a commercially available substituted aryl sulfonyl chloride.
  • a compound of formula R 1 CO 2 H is treated with thionyl chloride in a solvent such as toluene to afford a compound of formula R 1 COCI.
  • a compound of formula (I) is obtained by treating a compound of formula R 1 COCI with a compound of formula (XIX),
  • XX a suitably selected tertiary organic base such as TEA, and the like, in a solvent such as dichloromethane, THF, and the like, at a temperature between room temperature and the reflux temperature of the solvent.
  • a solvent such as dichloromethane, THF, and the like
  • a compound of formula (II) is obtained by treating a compound of formula R 1 SO 2 CI with a compound of formula (XIX), (XXI), or (XXV), where R 4 is (5- trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl, (5-trifluoromethyl)-pyrimidin-2-yl, 4,6- dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, or quinoxalin-2-yl; a suitably selected tertiary organic base such as TEA, and the like, in a solvent such as dichloromethane, THF, and the like, at a temperature between room temperature and the reflux temperature of the solvent.
  • a compound of formula (XIX), (XXI), or (XXV) where R 4 is (5- trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl, (5-trifluoromethyl)-pyrimidin-2-yl, 4,6- dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, or quinoxalin-2-yl; a suitably selected tert
  • Conversion of the acid to the acid chloride is accomplished under standard chlorination conditions.
  • the acid is heated with oxalyl chloride in a solvent such as DCM.
  • a solvent such as DCM.
  • Subsequent reaction of the acid chloride with N-hydroxyacetamide in a solvent such as CH2CI2 provides a mixture of esters (XXVIIIa) and (XXVIIIb).
  • esters (XXVIIIa) and (XXVIIIb) are converted to a mixtue of esters (XXIXa) and (XXIXb) and acids (XXXa) and (XXXb) by treatment with a base, preferably sodium acetate, in the presence of a solvent, preferably t-BuOH.
  • acid (XXXa) is prepared by first converting 2-fluoro-6- iodobenzoic acid to the acid chloride by reaction with a chlorinating agent such as oxalyl chloride, in a solvent such as DCM, with a catalytic amount of DMF, at a temperature of 0 °C. Subsequent reaction of the acid chloride with N- hydroxyacetamide in a solvent such as CH 2 CI 2 provides (Z)-N'-((2-fluoro-6- iodobenzoyl)oxy)acetimidamide.
  • 5-(2-Fluoro-6-iodophenyl)-3-methyl-1 ,2,4- oxadiazole is prepared by reacting (Z)-N'-((2-fluoro-6- iodobenzoyl)oxy)acetimidamide with sodium acetate, in a solvent such as tert- butanol, at temperatures ranging from 100 °C to 1 10 °C.
  • 3-Fluoro-2-(3-methyl- 1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)benzoic acid (XXXa) is prepared by reacting 5-(2-fluoro-6- iodophenyl)-3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazole with a grignard reagent such as i- PrMgCI, in a suitable solvent such as THF and the like, at a temperature of -78 °C. Subsequent addition of CO2 gas, at a temperature of -78 °C provides 3- fluoro-2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)benzoic acid (XXXa).
  • Deuterated pyrimidine compounds of formula (XXXII) are prepared according to Scheme H.
  • Acetylacetone is reacted with an inorganic base such as K2CO3 in deuterated water, at temperatures ranging from 100 °C to 120 °C to provide 1 ,1 ,1 ,3,3,3,5,5-octadeuteriopentane-2,4-dione.
  • 1 ,1 ,1 ,3,3,3,5,5- Octadeuteriopentane-2,4-dione is subsequently reacted with deuterated urea, in a solvent such as deuterated ethanol, 35% wt.
  • DCI in D 2 O at temperatures ranging from 90 °C to 100 °C to provide deuterated pyrimidinols of formula (XXXI). Chlorination under standard chlorinating conditions provides
  • amines of formula (I) may be converted to their corresponding salts using methods known to those skilled in the art.
  • amines of formula (I) may be treated with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), HCI, maleic acid, or citric acid in a solvent such as diethyl ether (Et 2 O), CH2CI2, tetrahydrofuran (THF), or methanol (MeOH) to provide the corresponding salt forms.
  • TFA trifluoroacetic acid
  • HCI trifluoroacetic acid
  • maleic acid maleic acid
  • citric acid in a solvent such as diethyl ether (Et 2 O), CH2CI2, tetrahydrofuran (THF), or methanol (MeOH)
  • Et 2 O diethyl ether
  • CH2CI2 tetrahydrofuran
  • MeOH methanol
  • the acid is HCI and the solvent is
  • Compounds prepared according to the schemes described above may be obtained as single enantiomers, diastereomers, or regioisomers, by enantio- , diastero-, or regiospecific synthesis, or by resolution.
  • Compounds prepared according to the schemes above may alternately be obtained as racemic (1 :1 ) or non-racemic (not 1 :1 ) mixtures or as mixtures of diastereomers or
  • single isomers may be separated using conventional methods such as chromatography or crystallization.
  • reaction mixtures were magnetically stirred at room temperature (rt) under a nitrogen atmosphere. Where solutions were “dried,” they were generally dried over a drying agent such as Na2SO 4 or MgSO 4 . Where mixtures, solutions, and extracts were “concentrated”, they were typically concentrated on a rotary evaporator under reduced pressure.
  • Normal-phase flash column chromatography was performed on silica gel (S1O2) using prepackaged cartridges, eluting with the indicated solvents.
  • Preparative reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography was performed on a Gilson HPLC with an Xterra Prep RP18 or an XBridge C18 OBD (5 ⁇ , 30 x 100 mm, or 50 X 150 mm) column, and a gradient of 10 to 99% acetonitrile/water (20 mM NH 4 OH) over 12 to 18 min, and a flow rate of 30 mL/min.
  • Mass spectra were obtained on an Agilent series 1 100 MSD using electrospray ionization (ESI) in positive mode unless otherwise indicated. Calculated (calcd.) mass corresponds to the exact mass.
  • Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were obtained on Bruker model DRX spectrometers. The format of the 1 H NMR data below is: chemical shift in ppm downfield of the tetramethylsilane reference (multiplicity, coupling constant J in Hz, integration).
  • 5-Fluoro-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid To a solution of 5-fluoro-2- iodo-benzoic acid (3.86 g, 14.65 mmol), 2H-[1 ,2,3]triazole (2.5 g, 36.2 mmol), CS2CO3 (8.62 g, 24.5 mmol), trans-N, N'-dimethyl-cyclohexane-1 ,2-diamine (0.4 ml_), Cul (244 mg) and DMF (13 ml_) were added to a microwave ready vessel and heated to 100 °C for 10 min. The mixture was cooled, diluted with water, and extracted with EtOAc. The aqueous layer was acidified and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried over Na 2 SO 4 and concentrated.
  • Int rmediate 12 2-Fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid.
  • Method A The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 1 , substituting 2-fluoro-6-iodo-benzoic acid for 5-fluoro-2-iodo- benzoic acid.
  • Method B 2-Fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid.
  • Step A 5-Fluoro-2-iodo-benzoic acid methyl ester.
  • 5-fluoro-2-iodo-benzoic acid 23 g, 86.5 mmol
  • methanol 230 mL
  • sulfuric acid 2.3 mL, 43.2 mmol
  • the reaction mixture was warmed to 65 °C and stirred for 15 h.
  • the resulting mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to give crude producte which was then was partitioned between EtOAc (250 mL) and a half sat. Na 2 CO3( ac? ) solution (250 mL). The layers were thoroughly mixed and then separated.
  • Step B 5-Fluoro-2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-[1 ,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)-benzoic acid methyl ester.
  • 5-fluoro-2-iodo- benzoic acid methyl ester 23 g, 82 mmol
  • anhydrous THF 250 mL
  • Step C 5-Fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzoic acid methyl ester.
  • 5-fluoro-2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl- [1 ,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)-benzoic acid methyl ester 5.9 g, 21 .06 mmol
  • 2-chloropyrimidine 2.9 g, 25.28 mmol
  • sodium carbonate 6.7 g, 63.19 mmol
  • water 17.17 mL
  • PdCl 2 (dppf)-dcm adduct (CAS#72287-26-4) (0.688 g, 0.843 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was degassed once more for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was warmed to 74 °C and stirred overnight. To the resulting solution was added diethyl ether (100 ml_) and water (100 ml_). The layers were thoroughly mixed then separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with additional diethyl ether (100 ml_). The combined organics were dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to a brown crude material (5.85 g, 49% desired, 2.87 actual product).
  • Step D 5-Fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzoic acid.
  • Step A 2-Fluoro-6-iodo-benzoic acid methyl ester.
  • 2-fluoro-6-iodo-benzoic acid 7.5 g, 28.2 mmol
  • ⁇ 2 ⁇ 1 .42 g, 33.8 mmol
  • THF 100 mL
  • Dimethyl sulfate 4.03 mL, 42.3 mmol
  • the mixture was cooled to room temperature and NH CI( ac? ) (50 mL, 13 wt% solution) was added.
  • Step B 2-Fluoro-6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-[1 ,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)- benzoic acid methyl ester.
  • 2- fluoro-6-iodo-benzoic acid methyl ester 7.29, 26.0 mmol
  • anhydrous THF 150 mL
  • This mixture was cooled to 0 °C and / ' -PrMgCI (13.7 mL, 2 M in THF, 27.3 mmol) was added dropwise.
  • Step C 2-Fluoro-6-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzoic acid methyl ester.
  • 2-fluoro-6-(4,4,5,5- tetramethyl-[1 ,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)-benzoic acid methyl ester 5.46 g, 19.5 mmol
  • 2-methyl-THF 50 mL
  • 2-chloropyrimidine 2.68 g, 23.4 mmol
  • sodium carbonate 6.2 g, 58.5 mmol
  • PdCl 2 (dppf)-dcm adduct (CAS#72287-26-4) (1 .27 g, 1 .56 mmol) was then added and the reaction mixture was warmed to 74 °C and stirred for 2.5 h. After cooling, the mixture was diluted with MTBE (50 mL) and water (80 mL). The layers were thoroughly mixed then separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with additional MTBE (100 mL). The combined organics were dried over
  • Step D 2-Fluoro-6-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzoic acid.
  • 2-fluoro- 6-pyrinnidin-2-yl-benzoic acid methyl ester (1 .36 g, 5.85 mmol) in 2-methyl-THF (20 mL) was added sodium hydroxide (2 M in water, 9.3 mL, 18.6 mmol).
  • the mixture was heated to 72 °C and stirred for 9 h.
  • the layers were separated and the aqueous layer acified to pH 2 by dropwise addition of 50% HCI (a q) (3.1 mL).
  • Step A 5-Benzyl-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid tert- butyl ester.
  • 2-benzyl-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole 5.62 g, 27.8 mmol
  • DCM 100 mL
  • Boc 2-benzyl-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole
  • the reaction mixture was stirred for 24 hours at 23 °C.
  • the solvent was removed in vacuo and the resulting product was used in the next step without further purification.
  • MS (ESI) mass mass calcd.
  • Step B Hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.
  • 5-Benzyl-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (19.85 g, 65.6 mmol), MeOH (200 mL), HOAc (3 mL) and 10% Pd/C Degussa type (400 mg) were charged to a Parr shaker vial and shaken for 3 days at 70 psi hydrogen gas. The resulting material was filtered through Celite® and concentrated.
  • Step A 5-(2-Fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoyl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.
  • toluene 8.5 ml_
  • aqueous sodium carbonate 1 .42 g in 10.7 mL water
  • Intermediate 15 0.05 mg, 4.26 mmol
  • Step B (2-Fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-(hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2-yl)-methanone.
  • 5-(2-Fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoyl)-hexahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (1 .3 g, 3.21 mmol) was taken up in DCM (6.0 ml_) and TFA (3.0 ml_) was added. The mixture was allowed to stir at rt for 1 hr.
  • Step A 2-Fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid (0.97 g, 4.71 mmol), hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (Intermediate 15, 1 .0 g, 4.71 mmol), HATU (2.68 g, 7.06 mmol), in DMF (18.8 ml_) was added DIEA (2.43 ml_, 14.13 mmol). The mixture was stirred at rt for 1 hr.
  • Step B (2-Fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-(hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2-yl)-methanone.
  • the title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 16, Method A, Step B.
  • Step A 5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-
  • Step B 2-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • DCM (10 mL) and TFA (5 mL) were stirred at 23 °C for 2 h. The mixture was concentrated to remove the volatiles, diluted with EtOAc and 1 N aq. NaOH, and extracted with EtOAc (3X).
  • Step A 2-Benzyl-5-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole.
  • 2-benzyl-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole 109 g, 538.8 mmol
  • DMF 1 .6 L
  • 2-chloro-4,6-methylpyrimidine 76.8 g, 538.8 mmol
  • Cs 2 CO 3 (351 .1 g, 1 .08 mol).
  • the heterogeneous mixture was heated to 100 °C and stirred for 15 h. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (1 .5 L) and water (1 .5 L). The layers were thoroughly mixed and separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with additional ethyl acetate (1 .5 L). The combined organics were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to a brown solid (160 g, 96% yield). MS (ESI) mass calcd. for Ci 9 H 2 N 4 , 308.20; m/z found 309 [M+H] + .
  • Step B 2-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole » HOAc.
  • 5% Pd/C 66.9 g, Johnson Matthey 5R338, 56.8% H 2 O, 3.45 mol%
  • 2- benzyl-5-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole 160 g, 519 mmol
  • acetic acid (30 ml_, 519 mmol) in ethanol (3.2 L).
  • Step A Intermediate 24 was prepared in a manner analogous to
  • Step B [4-(Hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-6-methoxy-pyrimidin-2- yl]-dimethyl-amine.
  • Step A The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 23, Method A, substituting (6-chloro-2-trifluoromethyl-pyrimidin-4- yl)-dimethyl-amine for 2-chloro-4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidine in Step A to afford 5-(6- dimethylamino-2-trifluoromethyl-pyrimidin-4-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole- 2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.
  • Step B [6-(Hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-2-trifluoromethyl- pyrimidin-4-yl]-dimethyl-amine.
  • Step A 3-Fluoro-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzonitrile.
  • 2-lodo-3- fluorobenzonitrile 2.5 g, 10.3 mmol
  • 2-tributylstannane pyrimidine 3.g, 10.0 mmol
  • Step B 3-Fluoro-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzoic acid.
  • Step A Methyl 2-bromo-5-fluorobenzoate (1 .0 g, 4.2 mmol) and (1 H- pyrazol-5-yl)boronic acid (485 mg, 4.6 mmol) were combined and dissolved in degassed DME (15 ml) then treated with NaHCO3 (706 mg, 8.4 mmol) in water and the reaction purged with bubbling N 2 for 5 minutes. The reaction was treated with Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 (243 mg (0.2 mmol) and then purged with bubbling for 5 minutes in a sealed vessel and then heated to reflux for 2 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to 23 °C, filtered, and solid rinsed with EtOAc. The organic layers were separated, dried and concentrated. Purification via FCC (ethyl acatate/hexanes, 0-30%) afforded methyl 5-fluoro-2-(1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzoate (415 mg, 44%).
  • FCC ethy
  • Step A 3-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzonitrile and 3-fluoro-2-(1 H- 1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)benzonitrile.
  • a mixture of 2,3-difluorobenzonitrile (4.0 g, 28.8 mmol), 2H-1 ,2,3-triazole (1 .9 g, 28.8 mmol) in DMF (85.0 ml_) and K 2 CO 3 (7.9 g, 57.5 mmol) were heated to 125 °C for 1 .5 h. After cooling to rt, water was added and the mixture extracted with EtOAc (2 X).
  • Step B 3-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoic acid.
  • Step A 2-Fluoro-6-(methoxycarbonyl)benzoic acid.
  • 3-Fluorophthalic anhydride (377 mg, 2.27 mmol) was dissolved in MeOH (6 mL) and heated to reflux for 15 h. The mixture was concentrated in vacuo and the two products (400 mg, 89%), 2-fluoro-6-(methoxycarbonyl)benzoic acid and 3-fluoro-2- (methoxycarbonyl)benzoic acid, were taken on to the next step without purification.
  • Step B (Z)-Methyl 2-((((1 -aminoethylidene)amino)oxy)carbonyl)-3- fluorobenzoate.
  • oxalyl chloride 0.244 mL, 2.32 mmol
  • DMF 0.05 mL
  • the viscous liquid was dissolved in fresh DCM (5 mL) and treated with solid N-hydroxyacetamidine (165 mg, 2.22 mmol) in several portions followed by TEA (0.351 mL, 2.52 mmol). After stirring for 14 h at ambient temperature the mixture was concentrated in vacuo.
  • Step C 3-Fluoro-2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)benzoic acid.
  • t-BuOH 9 mL
  • NaOAc 156 mg, 1 .88 mmol
  • the mixture was heated at 90 °C for 50 h and then concentrated in vacuo. This resulted in four products. The residue was dissolved in 1 M aq.
  • the acid isomers were purified on a Prep Agilent system with a XBridge Ci 8 OBD 50x100 mm column eluting with 5 to 99% 0.05% NH 4 OH in H 2 O/ACN over 17 min to afford the desired product (63 mg, 15%) as a white solid after acidification with 1 M aq. HCI in Et 2 O.
  • Step A (Z)-N'-((2-Fluoro-6-iodobenzoyl)oxy)acetimidamide.
  • 2-fluoro-6-iodobenzoic acid (1 .51 g, 5.66 mmol) at 0 °C in DCM (28 mL) was added oxalyl chloride (0.635 mL, 7.36 mmol) followed by DMF (0.15 mL).
  • oxalyl chloride 0.635 mL, 7.36 mmol
  • the viscous liquid was dissolved in fresh DCM (28 ml_) and treated with solid N-hydroxyacetamidine (503 mg, 6.79 mmol) in several portions followed by TEA (1 .2 ml_, 8.49 mmol) at 0 °C. After stirring for 14 h at ambient temperature the mixture was washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO 3 solution. The combined organic extracts were dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and
  • Step B 5-(2-Fluoro-6-iodophenyl)-3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazole.
  • t-BuOH 24 ml_
  • NaOAc 603 mg, 7.27 mmol
  • H 2 O 0.9 ml_
  • the reaction was concentrated in vacuo and then dissolved in toluene.
  • the toluene was then filtered to remove NaOAc and then concentrated in vacuo. Chromatography (Hex to 40% EtOAc/Hex) afforded the desired product as a colorless oil (1 .21 g, 82%).
  • Step C 3-Fluoro-2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)benzoic acid.
  • THF 15 ml_
  • 2 M i-PrMgCI in THF 2.2 ml_, 4.47 mmol.
  • This mixture was cooled to -78 °C and the product of Step B (1 .09 g, 3.58 mmol) was added dropwise in THF (20 ml_).
  • the mixture was stirred for 30 min at -78 °C and then CO 2 from a lecture bottle was bubbled into the solution for 3 h while allowing the temperature to slowly rise.
  • Step A tert-Butyl 5-(3-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)picolinoyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2(1 H)-carboxylate.
  • Step B (3-(2H-1 ,2,3-Triazol-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl)(hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
  • tert-Butyl 5-(3-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)picolinoyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2(1 H)-carboxylate (491 mg, 1 .28 mmol) in DCM (6 ml_) was added TFA (3 ml_).
  • Step A 5-Fluoropyrimidine-2,4,6-triol.
  • urea 641 mg, 10.67 mmol
  • diethylfluoromalonate (1 .96 g, 10.67 mmol)
  • EtOH 1 1 ml_
  • 2.68 M NaOEt in EtOH 7.96 ml_, 21 .34 mmol.
  • the mixture was heated at reflux for 60 h and then allowed to cool to room temperature.
  • the mixture was filtered and the cake was then dissolved in warm water and the resulting solution was acidified with concentrated HCI to pH 2.
  • the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature and then cooled in an ice bath before filtering.
  • the cake was washed with water and dried to afford 5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4,6-triol as a slightly off white solid (1 .45 g, 93%).
  • Step B 2,4,6-Trichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine.
  • POCI 3 (4.49 ml_, 48.15 mmol) was added 5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4,6-triol (1 .41 g, 9.63 mmol) in several portions. There was a 2 °C increase in temperature.
  • the N,N-dimethylaniline (1 .23 ml_, 9.73 mmol) was then added dropwise and the mixture heated at 1 10 °C for 24 h.
  • the reaction mixture was allowed to cool only briefly and then was quenched by dropwise addition onto ice. When the ice was melted the aqueous layer was extracted several times with Et 2 O.
  • the combined organic extracts were dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated in vacuo to a yellow solid after storing in the refrigerator overnight. This material was not purified further, but taken on to the next step without further purification.
  • Step C 2-Chloro-5-fluoro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 55, substituting 2,4,6-trichloro-5- fluoropyrimidine for 2,4-dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine.
  • 6-Methyl-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-nicotinic acid 6-Methyl-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-nicotinic acid.
  • 2-chloro-6-methylnicotinic acid 3 g, 17.4 mmol
  • copper iodide 0.16 g, 0.5 mol%
  • cesium carbonate 1 1 .4 g, 35 mmol
  • reaction mixture appeared as a cobalt blue slurry which was then diluted with 20 ml_ ether and 20 ml_ H 2 O.
  • the resulting solution was thoroughly stirred and transferred to a seperatory funnel then the RBF was subsequently rinsed with 20 ml_ ether and H 2 O each.
  • the aqueous layer was separated from the organic layer and acidified to pH 1 with 6 ml_ cone. HCI.
  • the now brown/ lime green aqueous layer was extracted twice with EtOAc.
  • the bright yellow organic layers were combined and dried with Na 2 SO 4 and then cone, into a yellow powder under reduced pressure. To the yellow powder was added EtOAc to form a yellow slurry.
  • Int rmediate 71 6-Methyl-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-1 -yl-nicotinic acid.
  • reaction mixture appeared as a blue slurry which was then diluted with 20 mL ether and 20 mL H 2 O.
  • the resulting solution was thoroughly stirred and transferred to a separatory funnel then the RBF was subsequently rinsed with 20 mL ether and H 2 O each.
  • the aqueous layer was separated from the organic layer and acidified to pH 1 with 6 mL cone. HCI.
  • the now brown/ lime green aqueous layer was extracted twice with EtOAc.
  • Step A 2-Bromo-3-fluorobenzonitrile (1 .0 g, 5.0 mmol) and (1 H-pyrazol-
  • Step A Methyl-2-fluoro-bromobenzoate (1 .0 gram, 4.2 mmol) and (1 H- pyrazol-5-yl)boronic acid (485 mg, 4.6 mmol) were combined and dissolved in degassed DME (15 mL) then treated with NaHCO 3 (706 mg, 8.4 mmol) in water and the reaction purged with bubbling N 2 for 5 minutes. The reaction was treated with Pd(PPh 3 ) (243 mg (0.2 mmol) and then purged with bubbling for 5 minutes in a sealed vessel and then heated to reflux for 2 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to 23 °C, filtered, and the solid was rinsed with EtOAc and the layers separated. The organic layers were combined, dried and
  • Step A 2-lodo-4-fluorobenzonitrile (2.54 g, 10.3 mmol) and 2- tributylstannane pyrimidine (3.69 g, 10.0 mmol) were dissolved in
  • domethoxyethane (18 ml_) and treated with tetrakistriphenylphosphine palladium (0) (578 mg, 0.5 mmol) and copper (I) iodide (95 mg, 0.5 mmol).
  • the reaction was then heated to 160 °C for 90 minutes in the microwave.
  • the reaction was cooled, concentrated under reduced pressure. Chromatography (20-100% EA in hexanes) gave the desired product.
  • Step A 4-Methoxy-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzonitrile was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 87.
  • Step A 1 ,1 ,1 ,3,3,3,5,5-1 Octadeuteriopentane-2,4-dione.
  • acetylacetone 10 ml_, 95.1 mmol
  • D 2 O 90 mL
  • K 2 CO 3 1 .0 g, 7.29 mmol
  • the mixture was heated at 120 °C overnight.
  • the aqueous layer was extracted with DCM and the combined organic layers were dried over Na2SO 4 , filtered and concentrated in vacuo to an orange liquid (Frediani et. al., Catalysis Comm. 2, 2001 , 125).
  • Step B 2-Deuteriohydroxy-4,4,4,5,6,6,6-septadeuteriopyrimidine.
  • a solution of 1 ,1 ,1 ,3,3,3,5,5-Octadeuteriopentane-2,4-dione (product of Step A) (1 .60 g, 14.82 mmol) in EtOD (7 mL) was added urea-d 4 (0.95 g, 14.82 mmol) followed by 35% wt.
  • DCI in D 2 O (2 mL, 23.71 mmol) The mixture was heated at 90 °C for 36 h, cooled to room temperature and then chilled in an ice bath before filtration and washing of the white solid with cold EtOD to afford the desired product as the DCI salt (1 .53 g, 61 %).
  • Step C 2-Chloro-4,4,4,5,6,6,6-septadeuteriopyrimidine.
  • 2- deuteriohydroxy-4,4,4,5,6,6,6-septadeuteriopyrimidine product of Step B
  • POCI3 7.9 mL, 9.04 mmol
  • the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature and then added to ice drop wise.
  • the aqueous mixture was neutralized to pH 6 in an ice bath with 5 N NaOH.
  • a 150 mL EasyMax reactor was fitted with a mechanical stirrer, a reflux condenser and a temperature probe and 2-chloro-4,6-dimethyl pyrimidine (7.10 g, 49.8 mmol), potassium carbonate (9.77 g, 70.7 mmol), N-boc- 3,7diazabicylco[3.3.0]octane (10.03 g, 47.3 mmol) and 2-propanol (54.2 g) were added. The reaction was slurried at 20 °C for 5 minutes and then the temperature was raised to 80 °C over 30 minutes. The reaction was then stirred at 80 °C for 8 hours, cooled to 20 °C within 30 minutes and allowed to stand overnight.
  • Step A 2-Fluoro-6-iodo-benzoic acid methyl ester.
  • 2-fluoro-6-iodo-benzoic acid 7.5 g, 28.2 mmol
  • LiOH » H 2 O 1 .42 g, 33.8 mmol
  • THF 100 mL
  • Dimethyl sulfate 4.03 mL, 42.3 mmol
  • the mixture was cooled to room temperature and NH 4 CI (a q) (50 mL, 13 wt% solution) was added.
  • Step B 2-Fluoro-6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-[1 ,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)- benzoic acid methyl ester.
  • 2- fluoro-6-iodo-benzoic acid methyl ester 7.29, 26.0 mmol
  • anhydrous THF 150 mL
  • This mixture was cooled to 0 °C and / ' -PrMgCI (13.7 mL, 2 M in THF, 27.3 mmol) was added dropwise.
  • Step C 2-Fluoro-6-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzoic acid methyl ester.
  • 2-fluoro-6-(4,4,5,5- tetramethyl-[1 ,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)-benzoic acid methyl ester 5.46 g, 19.5 mmol
  • 2-methyl-THF 50 mL
  • 2-chloropyrimidine 2.68 g, 23.4 mmol
  • sodium carbonate 6.2 g, 58.5 mmol
  • PdCI 2 (dppf)-dcm adduct (CAS#72287-26-4) (1 .27 g, 1 .56 mmol) was then added and the reaction mixture was warmed to 74 °C and stirred for 2.5 h. After cooling, the mixture was diluted with MTBE (50 mL) and water (80 mL). The layers were thoroughly mixed separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with additional MTBE (100 mL). The combined organics were dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, concentrated and then purified by flash chromatography (0-25%
  • Example 1 4-[5- ⁇ [2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl ⁇ hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-6-methoxy-N,N- dimethylpyrimidin-2-amine.
  • Example 2 N,N-Dimethyl-6-[5- ⁇ [2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl ⁇ hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-amine.
  • Example 3 6-[5- ⁇ [2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl ⁇ hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-N,N-dimethyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-amine.
  • Example 4 4-[5- ⁇ [5-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl ⁇ hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-6-methoxy-N,N- dimethylpyrimidin-2-amine.
  • Example 5 4-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyl-6-[5- ⁇ [2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl ⁇ hexahydropyrrolo-[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]pyrimidin-2-amine.
  • Example 6 6-[5- ⁇ [4-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl ⁇ hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-N,N-dimethyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-amine.
  • Example 7 4-[5- ⁇ [4-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl ⁇ hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-6-methoxy-N,N- dimethylpyrimidin-2-amine.
  • Example 8 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5- ⁇ [3-(1 H-pyrrol-1 -yl)thiophen-2- yl]carbonyl ⁇ octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 9 6-[5- ⁇ [5-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl ⁇ hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-N,N-dimethyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-amine.
  • Example 10 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(1 -phenyl-1 H-pyrazol-5- yl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 1 1 8- ⁇ [5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl]carbonyl ⁇ -quinoline.
  • Example 12 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(3-phenylthiophen-2- yl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 13 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(3-phenylfuran-2- yl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 14 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5- ⁇ [2-(1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-5- yl)phenyl]carbonyl ⁇ octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 15 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5- ⁇ [3-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl ⁇ octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Examples 16-106, 108-214 were prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15.
  • Example 16 2- ⁇ 5-[(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- nzothiazole.
  • Example 18 2-[5- ⁇ [2-(1 H-Pyrazol-1 -yl)phenyl]carbonyl ⁇ hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]quinoxaline.
  • Example 19 2- ⁇ 5-[(2-Thiophen-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c rrol-2(1 H)-yl ⁇ quinoxaline.
  • Example 20 2- ⁇ 5-[(2-Methylnaphthalen-1 -yl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl ⁇ quinoxaline.
  • Example 21 2-(2,3-Dihydro-1 ,4-benzodioxin-5-ylcarbonyl)-5-(4- phenylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 22 2-(4-Phenylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 24 2-(4-Phenylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5- ⁇ [2-(1 H-pyrrol-1 - yl)phenyl]carbonyl ⁇ octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 25 2-[(2-Methylnaphthalen-1 -yl)carbonyl]-5-(4-phenylpyrimidin-2- l)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 26 2-(5-Quinoxalin-2-yl-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2-carbonyl)- benzonitrile.
  • Example 27 2-[5- ⁇ [2-(1 H-Pyrrol-1 -yl)phenyl]carbonyl ⁇ hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]quinoxaline.
  • Example 28 2- ⁇ 5-[(4'-Fluorobiphenyl-2-yl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl ⁇ quinoxaline.
  • Example 29 2- ⁇ 5-[(3'-Fluorobiphenyl-2-yl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl ⁇ quinoxaline.
  • Example 30 2- ⁇ 5-[(2-Methylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl ⁇ quinoxaline.
  • Example 31 2-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)-5-(4-furan-2-ylpyrimidin-2- l)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 32 2-(4-Methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 33 2- ⁇ 5-[(2-Thiophen-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl ⁇ quinoline.
  • Example 34 2-(4-Furan-2-ylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2- lphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 35 2- ⁇ 5-[(2-Ethylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl ⁇ quinoxaline.
  • Example 36 2-[5-(1 H-lndol-7-ylcarbonyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl]quinoxaline.
  • Example 37 2-[(2-Thiophen-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4-thiophen-2-ylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 38 2-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)-5-(4-thiophen-2-ylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 39 [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2- -[2-(1 -methyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)-phenyl]-methanone.
  • Example 40 2-[(2-Bromophenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4-phenylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 41 2- ⁇ 5-[(3'-Chlorobiphenyl-2-yl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl ⁇ quinoxaline.
  • Example 42 2- ⁇ 5-[(2-Bromophenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl ⁇ quinoxaline.
  • Example 43 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 44 2-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)-5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 45 2-(4-Methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2- lphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 46 6-Fluoro-2- ⁇ 5-[(2-thiophen-2- lphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl ⁇ -1 ,3-benzothiazole.
  • Example 47 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-methylnaphthalen-1 - yl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 48 2-[(3'-Fluorobiphenyl-2-yl)carbonyl]-5-(4-methylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 49 2-(4-Methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-methylnaphthalen-1 - yl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 50 2-[(2-Methylnaphthalen-1 -yl)carbonyl]-5-(4-methylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 51 2-[(3'-Fluorobiphenyl-2-yl)carbonyl]-5-(4-methoxypyrimidin-2- yl)octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 53 [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2- yl]-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-methanone.
  • Example 54 2-(4-Methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(4'-methylbiphenyl-2- yl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 55 2-[(3'-Chlorobiphenyl-2-yl)carbonyl]-5-(4-methoxypyrimidin-2- yl)octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 56 2-[(2-Ethoxynaphthalen-1 -yl)carbonyl]-5-(4-methoxypyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 57 2-[(4-Fluoronaphthalen-1 -yl)carbonyl]-5-(4-methoxypyrimidin-2- yl)octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 58 2-(4-Methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-(naphthalen-1 - ylcarbonyl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 59 2-[(2-Ethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4-methoxypyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 61 2-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)-5-[4-(1 H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrimidin-2- yl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 62 2-[4-(1 H-Pyrazol-4-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]-5-[(2-thiophen-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 63 2-(3,6-Dimethylpyrazin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2- lphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 64 2-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)-5-(3,5-dimethylpyrazin-2- l)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 65 2-Methyl-3- ⁇ 5-[(2-thiophen-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl ⁇ quinoxaline.
  • Example 66 2-[5-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- l]-3-methylquinoxaline.
  • Example 68 2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-fluoro-6-pyrimidin-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl] octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 69 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-pyridin-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 70 2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-pyridin-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 71 2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(5-fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl] octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 72 2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5- ⁇ [5-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl ⁇ octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 73 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-fluoro-6-pyrimidin-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 74 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(5-fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 75 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5- ⁇ [5-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl ⁇ octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 76 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2- thylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 78 2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5- ⁇ [2-(1 H-pyrazol-1 - yl)phenyl]carbonyl ⁇ octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 79 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(5-phenyl-1 ,3-oxazol-4- yl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 80 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(5-phenylisoxazol-4- yl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 81 [5-(2-lsopropyl-6-methyl-pyrimidin-4-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- rrol-2-yl]-(2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-methanone.
  • Example 82 2-[(2-Bromophenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 83 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5- ⁇ [2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl ⁇ octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 84 2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5- ⁇ [2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl ⁇ octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 85 2-[5- ⁇ [2-(4H-1 ,2,4-Triazol-3- yl)phenyl]carbonyl ⁇ hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]quinoxaline.
  • Example 86 2-[5- ⁇ [2-(4H-1 ,2,4-Triazol-3- l)phenyl]carbonyl ⁇ hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-1 ,3-benzoxazole.
  • Example 88 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2- ethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 90 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(4-fluoronaphthalen-1 - yl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 91 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5- ⁇ [2-(1 - m thylethyl)phenyl]carbonyl ⁇ octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 92 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(3-methoxy-2- methylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 93 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-(naphthalen-1 - ylcarbonyl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 96 2-[6-Methyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-yl]-5- ⁇ [2-(4H-1 ,2,4- triazol-3-yl)phenyl]carbonyl ⁇ octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 97 2-[6-Methyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-yl]-5- ⁇ [2-(2H-1 ,2,3- triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl ⁇ octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 98 2- ⁇ [2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl ⁇ -5-[6-methyl- 2- trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
  • Example 99 2- ⁇ [4-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl ⁇ -5-[6-methyl- 2- trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.

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Abstract

Disubstituted octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole compounds are described, which are useful as orexin receptor modulators. Such compounds may be useful in pharmaceutical compositions and methods for the treatment of diseased states, disorders, and conditions mediated by orexin activity, such as insomnia.

Description

DISUBSTITUTED OCTAHYDROPYRROLO[3,4-c1PYRROLES AS OREXIN
RECEPTOR MODULATORS
Cross Reference to Related Application
This application claims the benefit of US provisional patent application serial number 61/254,509, filed October 23, 2009.
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to certain disubstituted
octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, methods of making them, and methods of using them for the modulation of the orexin receptor and for the treatment of disease states, disorders, and conditions mediated by orexin receptor activity. Background of the Invention
Orexin (or hypocretin) signaling is mediated by two receptors and two peptide agonists. The two orexin peptides (orexin A and orexin B) herein after referred to as orexins, bind to two high affinity receptors, termed orexin-1 and orexin-2 receptors. The orexin-1 receptor is selective in favor of orexin A, while the orexin-2 receptor binds both orexins with similar affinities. The orexins, are cleavage products of the same gene, prepro orexin. In the central nervous system neurons expressing prepro-orexin, the precursor from which orexin is produced, are found in the perifornical nucleus, the dorsal hypothalamus and the lateral hypothalamus (C. Peyron et al., J. Neurosci., 1998, 18(23), 9996- 10015). Orexinergic cells in these nuclei project to many areas of the brain, extending rostrally to the olfactory bulbs and caudally to the spinal cord (van den Pol, A.N. et al., J. Neuroscience., 1999, 19(8), 3171 -3182).
The broad CNS distribution of orexin projections and neurons
expressing orexin receptors is suggestive of orexin involvement in a number of physiological functions including; feeding, drinking, arousal, stress, reward, metabolism and reproduction (T. Sakurai, Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2007, 8(3), 171 -181 ). The targeted necrosis of cells expressing prepro-orexin suggests the most physiologically important roles of the orexins are likely to be effects on arousal, feeding and metabolism (J. Hara et al., Neuron, 2001 , 30, 345-354). A prominent orexin neuronal projection via the vagus nerve probably mediates central orexin effects on cardiac parameters (W.K. Samson et al., Brain Res., 1999, 831 , 248-253; T. Shirasaka et al., Am. J. Physiol., 1999, 277, R1780- R1785; C.-T. Chen et al., Am. J. Physiol., 2000, 278, R692-R697), gastric acid secretion and gastric motility (A.L. Kirchgessner and M.-T. Liu, Neuron, 1999, 24, 941 -951 ; N. Takahashi et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 1999, 254, 623-627).
Several lines of evidence indicate that the orexin system is an important modulator of arousal. Rodents administered orexins intracerebroventricularly spend more time awake (Piper et al., J. Neurosci. 2000, 12, 726-730). Orexin- mediated effects on arousal have been linked to orexin neuronal projections to histaminergic neurons in the tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN) (Yamanaka et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 2002, 290, 1237-1245). TMN neurons express the orexin-2 receptor primarily, and the orexin-1 receptor to a lesser extent. Rodents whose prepro orexin gene has been knocked out, or whose orexigenic neurons have been lesioned, display altered sleep/wake cycles similar to narcolepsy (Chemelli et al., Cell 1999, 98, 437-451 ; Hara et al., 2001 , supra). Dog models of narcolepsy have been shown to have mutant or nonfunctional orexin-2 receptors (Lin et al., Cell 1999, 98, 365-376). Human narcolepsy appears to be linked to deficient orexin signaling, likely related to immune ablation of orexinergic neurons in the lateral hypothalamus (Mignot et al., Am. J. Hum. Genet. 2001 , 68: 686-699; Minot & Thorsby, New England J. Med. 2001 , 344, 692), or, in rare cases, to mutations in the orexin-2 gene (Peyron et al., Nature Med. 2000, 6, 991 -997). The disclosure that rats, dogs and humans treated with the dual orexin-1/2 receptor antagonist, ACT-078573 (Brisbare-Roch et al., Nature Medicine, 2007, 13, 150-155) exhibited
decreased alertness together with characteristic clinical and EEG
(electroencephalographic) signs of sleep provides evidence to support a role for the orexin system in the regulation of arousal, sleep and wake states. EEG data indicates that orexin-2 may be more important than orexin-1 in the modulation of sleep/wake (P. Malherbe et al., Molecular Pharmacology (2009) 76(3):618-31 ; C. Dugovic et al., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Then, 2009, 330(1 ), 142- 151 ). Disorders of the sleep-wake cycle are therefore likely targets for orexin-2 receptor antagonist therapy. Examples of such disorders include sleep-wake transition disorders, insomnia, restless legs syndrome, jet-lag, disturbed sleep, and sleep disorders secondary to neurological disorders (e.g., manias, depressions, manic depression, schizophrenia, and pain syndromes (e.g., fibromyalgia, neuropathic pain).
The orexin system also interacts with brain dopamine systems.
Intracerebroventricular injections of orexins in mice increase locomotor activity, grooming and stereotypy; these behavioral effects are reversed by
administration of D2 dopamine receptor antagonists (Nakamura et al., Brain Research, 873(1 ), 181 -7). Therefore, orexin-2 modulators may be useful to treat various neurological disorders; e.g., agonists or up-regulators to treat catatonia, antagonists or down-regulators to treat Parkinson's disease,
Tourette's syndrome, anxiety, delerium and dementias.
Recent evidence indicates a role for orexin in the pathogenesis of Alzheimers disease (Kang et al, Science Express, 2009, 1 -10). Brain interstitial fluid levels of amyloid-beta were demonstrated to fluctuate diurnally in both humans and rodents with sleep deprivation in rodents leading to significant increases in brain interstitial fluid levels of amyloid-beta. Infusion of a dual orexin antagonist in rodents suppressed interstitial levels of amyloid-beta and abolished the natural diurnal variation of amyloid-beta. The reduction of interstitial fluid amyloid-beta levels is correlated with reduced amyloid plaque formation, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, and consequently the regulation of sleep time could potentially inhibit amyloid-beta aggregation and slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease.
Orexin neurons project to many regions of the brain associated with reward function (T. Sakurai, supra) and research, focusing on animal models of drug intake, reward, and reinstatement, has expanded the link between the orexin system and addiction. A comprehensive set of data suggest that drugs of abuse activate the orexin system, which in turn enhances drug reward or drug seeking (G. Aston-Jones et al., Neuropharmacology, 2009, 56 (Suppl 1 ) 1 12-121 . Thus interactions between nicotine (J. K. Kane et al., Endocrinology, 2000, 141 (10), 3623-3629; J. K. Kane et al., Neurosci. Lett, 2001 , 298(1 ), 1 -4), morphine (D. Georgescu, et al., J. Neurosci., 2003, 23(8), 3106-31 1 1 ) and amphetamine (C. J. Winrow et al., Neuropharmacology, 2010, 58(1 ), 185-94) and the orexin system have been demonstrated. Additional studies from a number of laboratories have demonstrated an important relationship between the Orexin system and ethanol consumption. As examples, ethanol
consumption in an alcohol-preferring strain of rat was shown to up regulate Orexin mRNA in the lateral hypothalamus and that an Orexin-1 receptor antagonist reduced operant responding for ethanol (Lawrence, et. al., Br. J. Pharmacol., 2006, 148, 752-759). Treatment with an orexin-1 antagonist has also been shown to decrease operant responding for ethanol (Richards, et. al., Psychopharmacology, 2008, 199 (1 ), 109-1 17). Other studies have
demonstrated increased Fos activation of orexin neurons following contextual reinstatement to ethanol seeking (Dayas, et. al., Biol. Psychiatry, 2008, 63 (2), 152-157 and Hamlin, et. al., Neuroscience, 2007, 146, 525-536). Studies have also shown increased ethanol consumption following Orexin infusion into the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus or in the lateral hypothalamus (Schneider, et. al., Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res., 2007, 37(1 1 ), 1858-1865). These studies provide evidence that modulation of the Orexin system effects alcohol preference and therefore Orexin receptor antagonists are likely to be useful for the treatment of alcoholism.
Orexins and their receptors have been found in both the myenteric and submucosal plexus of the enteric nervous system, where orexins have been shown to increase motility in vitro (Kirchgessner & Liu, Neuron 1999, 24, 941 - 951 ) and to stimulate gastric acid secretion in vitro (Takahashi et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 1999, 254, 623-627). Orexin mediated effects on the gut may be driven by a projection via the vagus nerve (van den Pol, 1999, supra), as vagotomy or atropine prevent the effect of an intracerebroventricular injection of orexin on gastric acid secretion (Takahashi et al., 1999, supra). Orexin receptor antagonists or other down-regulators of orexin receptor- mediated systems are therefore potential treatments for ulcers, irritable bowel syndrome, diarrhea and gastroesophageal reflux. Body weight may also be affected by orexin-mediated regulation of appetite and metabolism (T. Sakurai et al., Cell, 1998, 92(4), 573-585; T.
Sakurai, Reg. Pept, 1999, 85(1 ), 25-30). Some effects of orexin on
metabolism and appetite may be mediated in the gut, where, as mentioned, orexins alter gastric motility and gastric acid secretion. Orexin receptor antagonists therefore are likely to be useful in treatment of overweight or obesity and conditions related to overweight or obesity, such as insulin resistance, type II diabetes, hyperlipidemia, gallstones, angina, hypertension, breathlessness, tachycardia, infertility, sleep apnea, back and joint pain, varicose veins and osteoarthritis. Conversely, orexin receptor agonists are likely to be useful in treatment of underweight and related conditions such as hypotension, bradycardia, ammenorrhea and related infertility, and eating disorders such as anorexia and bulimia.
Intracerebroventricularly administered orexins have been shown to increase mean arterial pressure and heart rate in freely moving (awake) animals (Samson et al., Brain Res. 1999, 831 , 248-253; Shirasaka et al., Am. J.
Physiol. 1999, 277, R1780-R1785) and in urethane-anesthetized animals
(Chen et al., Am. J. Physiol. 2000, 278, R692-R697), with similar results.
Orexin receptor agonists may therefore be candidates for treatment of hypotension, bradycardia and heart failure related thereto, while orexin receptor antagonists may be useful for treatment of hypertension, tachycardia and other arrhythmias, angina pectoris and acute heart failure.
From the foregoing discussion, it can be seen that the identification of orexin receptor modulators, in one embodiment modulators of the orexin-2 receptor, will be of great advantage in the development of therapeutic agents for the treatment of a wide variety of disorders that are mediated through these receptor systems.
Citation of a reference herein shall not be construed as an admission that such reference is prior art to the present invention. All publications referred to herein are incorporated by reference in their entireties.
Various small-molecule orexin receptor modulators have been reported e.g., N-aroyl cyclic amine derivatives (International Publication No.
WO2003002561 , January 9, 3003), ethylene diamine derivatives (International Publication No. WO2003051872, June 26, 2003), sulfonylamino-acetic acid derivatives (International Publication No. WO2004033418, April 22, 2004), N- aryl acetyl cyclic amine derivatives (International Publication No.
WO2004041791 , May 21 , 2004), diazepan derivatives (International Publication No. WO2007126935, November 8, 2007), amidoethylthioether derivatives (International Publication No. WO2007126934, November 8, 2007), 2- substituted proline bis-amide derivatives (International Publication No.
WO2008008551 , January 17, 2008), bridged diazepan derivatives
(International Publication No. WO2008008517, January 17, 2008), substituted diazepan derivatives (International Publication No. WO2008008518, January 17, 2008; US20080132490, WO2009058238), oxo bridged diazepan
derivatives (International Publication No. WO2008143856, November 27, 2008), 1 ,2-diamido ethylene derivatives (International Publication No.
WO200902231 1 , February 19, 2009), heteroaryl derivatives (International Publication No. WO20090163485, June 25, 2009), methyl substituted piperidinyl derivatives (International Publication No. WO2009124956, October 15, 2009), N,N-disubstituted-1 ,4-diazepane derivatives (Cox et al, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2009, 19(1 1 ), 2997-3001 ), Orexin /Hypocretin receptor ligands (Boss, et al., Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2009, 52(4), 891 -903) 3,9-diazabicyclo[4.2.1 ]nonanes (Coleman et al, Bioorganic &
Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2010, 20(14), 4201 -4205), the dual orexin receptor antagonist, [(7R)-4-(5-Chloro-1 ,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)-7-methyl-1 ,4- diazepan-1 -yl][5-methyl-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]methanone, (Cox, et. al., Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2010 53(14) 5320-5332), pyridazine carboxamide derivatives (International Publication No. WO2010051238), 2,5- disubstituted benzamide derivatives (International Publication No
WO2010051237, May 6, 2010), isonicotinamides (International Publication No WO2010051236), heterocyclylbenzoylpiperazines derivatives (International Publication No WO201048012), substituted diazepane derivatives
(International Publication No WO2010048017), substituted pyrrolidine derivatives (International Publication No WO2010048014),
triazolylbenzoylpiperidine derivatives (International Publication No
WO2010048010), triazolylbenzoylmorpholine derivatives (WO2010048013), conformationally restrained N,N disubstituted 1 ,4-diazapane derivatives (Coleman et al, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2010, 20(7), 231 1 - 2315), tripyridyl carboxamide derivatives (International Publication No
WO2010017260), imidazopyridylmethyl substituted piperidine derivatives (International Publication No WO2010072722), imidazopyrazine substituted piperidine derivatives (US2010160344, June 24, 2010; US20100160345, June 24, 2010; International Publication No WO2010060472, June 3, 2010), N- {[(1 R,4S,6R)-3-(2-pyridinylcarbonyl)-3-azabicyclo[4.1 .0]hept-4-yl]methyl}-2- heteroarylamine derivatives (International Publication No WO2010063663), N- {[(1 S,4S,6S)-3-(2-pyridinylcarbonyl)-3-azabicyclo[4.1 .0]hept-4-yl]methyl}-2- heteroarylamine derivatives (International Publication No WO2010063662), imidazopyrimidine derivatives (International Publication No WO2010060471 ), and imidazopyrazine derivatives (International Publication No
WO2010060470). There remains a need, however, for potent orexin receptor modulators with desirable pharmaceutical properties.
Substituted diaza-bicyclic compounds have been reported as active central nervous system agents (International Publication No. WO2001081347, November 1 , 2001 ; US2002/0019388, February 14, 2002), o7 acetylcholine receptor modulators (US2005/101602, May 12, 2005; US2005/0065178, March 24, 2005 and Frost et al, Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2006, 49(26), 7843- 7853), proline transporter inhibitors for the treatment of cognitive impairment (WO2008067121 , June 5, 2008) and for improving cognition (WO 2006
124897, November 23, 2006 and US20060258672, November 16, 2006), as androgen receptor ligands for the treatment of androgen receptor associated conditions including cancer (WO2009081 197, July 2, 2009), and as histone deacetylase inhibitors for the treatment of cancers, neurodegenerative diseases and autoimmune diseases (WO20060123121 , November 23, 2006).
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Certain disubstituted octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole derivatives have been found to have orexin-modulating activity. Thus, the invention is directed to the general and preferred embodiments defined, respectively, by the independent and dependent claims appended hereto, which are incorporated by reference herein.
In one general aspect, the invention is directed to a chemical entity of Formula (I):
Figure imgf000009_0001
Formula (I)
wherein:
R1 is a member selected from the group consisting of:
A) phenyl substituted or unsubstituted with one or two Ra members, and substituted in the ortho position with Rb;
Ra is independently selected from the group consisting of: -H, halo, - Ci-4alkyl, -Ci-4alkoxy, and -NO2, wherein two adjacent Ra members may come together to form a six membered aromatic ring; Rb is a member selected from the group consisting of:
a) halo, -Ci-4alkoxy, -Ci-4alkyl,-CF3, -OCF3, or -CN; b) 5-membered heteroaryl ring containing one oxygen or one sulfur members;
c) 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring containing one, two or three nitrogen members, optionally containing one oxygen member, substituted or unsubstituted with halo or -Ci-4alkyl; and d) phenyl substituted or unsubstituted with halo, -CH3, or -CF3;
B) pyridine substituted or unsubstituted with one or two Rc members and substituted with Rd, wherein Rd is positioned adjacent to the point of attachment by R1 ;
Rc is Ci-4alkyl;
Rd is a member selected from the group consisting of:
a) 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring selected from the group
consisting of: 1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl, 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl, 1 H- pyrazol-5-yl, 3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl, pyridinyl, 3-methyl- pyridin-2-yl; 1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl), phenyl, and pyrimidin-2-yl; and b) -CF3, -Br, and -Ci-4alkoxy;
C) 5-mennbered heteroaryl ring selected from the group consisting of: 2- methyl-1 ,3-thiazol-yl, 1 H-pyrazol-5-yl, oxazole, isoxazolyl, thiophen- 2-yl, and furan-2-yl, each substituted with phenyl substituted or unsubstituted with -F; and
D) 5-13 membered aryl or heteroaryl ring selected from the group
consisting of: 3-methylfuran-2-yl, 9H-fluorene, quinoline, cinnoline; 3- (1 H-pyrrol-1 -yl)thiophen-2-yl, 8-[1 ,2,3]-triazol-2-yl-naphthalen-1 -yl, 2,3-dihydro-1 ,4-benzodioxin-5-yl, 1 H-indol-7-yl, 4-fluoronaphthalen-1 - yl, and naphthalen-1 -yl;
R2 is a member selected from the group consisting of:
A) 6-membered heteroaryl ring containing two nitrogen members
substituted with one or more members independently selected from the group consisting of: halo, -Ci-4alkyl, -CD3, -D, -Ci-4alkoxy, cyclopropyl, morpholin-2-yl, -CO2Ci-4alkyl, -CO2H, -CH2OH, -C(O)N(Ci-4alkyl)2, -CF3, -CN, -OH, -NO2, -N(Ci-4alkyl)2, phenyl, furan-2-yl, thiophen-2-yl, 1 H- pyrazol-4-yl, and pyrrolidin-1 -yl;
B) pyridine substituted with one or two members independently selected from the group consisting of: halo, -Ci-4alkyl, -Ci-4alkoxy, and -CF3;
C) 9-membered heteroaryl ring selected from the group consisting of:
benzooxazol-2-yl, 6-fluoro-1 ,3-benzothiazole, 1 ,3-benzothiazole, 6- methoxy-1 ,3-benzothiazole, 6-methyl-1 ,3-benzothiazole, 6-chloro- benzothiazol-2-yl, and 4-methyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidine; D) 10-membered heteroaryl ring selected from the group consisting of: quinoxalin-2-yl, 3-methylquinoxalin-2-yl, 6,7-difluoroquinoxalin-2-yl, 3- (trifluoromethyl)quinoxaline, quinoline, 4-methylquinoline, and 6- fluoroquinazolin-2-yl; and
E) 4-methyl-1 ,3,5-triazin-2-yl or 2-methylpyrimidin-4(3H)-one.
In another general aspect, the invention is directed to a chemical entity of
Formula (II):
Figure imgf000011_0001
wherein
R3 is phenyl substituted or unsubstituted with a member independently
selected from the group consisting of: -Ci- alkoxy, and phenyl; and R4 is a member selected from the group consisting of (5-trifluoromethyl)- pyridin-2-yl, (5-trifluoromethyl)-pyrimidin-2-yl, 4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, and quinoxalin-2-yl .
Further embodiments are provided by pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), and pharmaceutically active metabolites of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II).
In certain embodiments, the compound of Formula (I) or Formula (II) is a compound selected from those species described or exemplified in the detailed description below.
In a further aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions for treating a disease, disorder, or medical condition mediated by orexin receptor activity, comprising an effective amount of at least one chemical entity selected from compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), and pharmaceutically active metabolites of Formula (I) or Formula (II).
Pharmaceutical compositions according to the invention may further comprise one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
In another aspect, the chemical embodiments of the present invention are useful as orexin receptor modulators. Thus, the invention is directed to a method for modulating orexin receptor activity, including when such receptor is in a subject, comprising exposing orexin receptor to an effective amount of at least one chemical entity selected from compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), and pharmaceutically active metabolites of compounds of Formula
(I) or Formula (II).
In another aspect, the invention is directed to a method of treating a subject suffering from or diagnosed with a disease, disorder, or medical condition mediated by orexin receptor activity, comprising administering to the subject in need of such treatment an effective amount of at least one chemical entity selected from compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), and pharmaceutically active metabolites of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula
(II) . Additional embodiments of methods of treatment are set forth in the detailed description.
In another aspect, method of studying isotopically labeled compounds in metabolic studies (preferably with 14C), reaction kinetic studies (with, for example 2H or 3H), detection or imaging techniques [such as positron emission tomography (PET) or single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)] including drug or substrate tissue distribution assays, or in radioactive treatment of patients. For example, an 18F or 11C labeled compound may be particularly preferred for PET or an I123 for SPECT studies.
An object of the present invention is to overcome or ameliorate at least one of the disadvantages of the conventional methodologies and/or prior art, or to provide a useful alternative thereto. Additional embodiments, features, and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following detailed description and through practice of the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a Powder X-Ray Diffraction of an exemplied compound X
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The invention may be more fully appreciated by reference to the following description, including the following glossary of terms and the concluding examples. For the sake of brevity, the disclosures of the publications, including patents, cited in this specification are herein
incorporated by reference.
As used herein, the terms "including", "containing" and "comprising" are used herein in their open, non-limiting sense.
The term "alkyl" refers to a straight- or branched-chain alkyl group having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms in the chain. Examples of alkyl groups include methyl (Me, which also may be structurally depicted by the symbol, 7"), ethyl (Et), n-propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl (tBu), pentyl, isopentyl, tert-pentyl, hexyl, isohexyl, and groups that in light of the ordinary skill in the art and the teachings provided herein would be considered
equivalent to any one of the foregoing examples.
The term "alkoxy" includes a straight chain or branched alkyl group with a terminal oxygen linking the alkyl group to the rest of the molecule. Alkoxy includes methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, t-butoxy, pentoxy and so on. "Aminoalkyl", "thioalkyl", and "sulfonylalkyl" are analogous to alkoxy, replacing the terminal oxygen atom of alkoxy with, respectively, NH (or NR), S, and SO2.
The term "cyano" refers to the group -CN.
The term "cycloalkyl" refers to a saturated or partially saturated, monocyclic, fused polycyclic, or spiro polycyclic carbocycle having from 3 to 12 ring atoms per carbocycle. Illustrative examples of cycloalkyl groups include the foll wing entities, in the form of properly bonded moieties:
Figure imgf000013_0001
A "heterocycloalkyl" refers to a monocyclic ring structure that is saturated or partially saturated and has from 4 to 7 ring atoms per ring structure selected from carbon atoms and up to two heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. The ring structure may optionally contain up to two oxo groups on sulfur ring members. Illustrative entities, in the form of properly bonded moieties, include:
Figure imgf000014_0001
The term "aryl" refers to a monocyclic, or fused or spiro polycyclic, aromatic carbocycle (ring structure having ring atoms that are all carbon) having from 3 to 12 ring atoms per ring. (Carbon atoms in aryl groups are sp2 hybridized.) Illustrative examples of aryl groups include the following moieties:
Figure imgf000014_0002
The term "heteroaryl" refers to a monocyclic, fused bicyclic, or fused polycyclic aromatic heterocycle (ring structure having ring atoms selected from carbon atoms and up to four heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur) having from 3 to 12 ring atoms per heterocycle. Illustrative examples of heteroaryl groups include the following entities, in the form of properly bonded moieties:
Figure imgf000014_0003
Those skilled in the art will recognize that the species of heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, aryl and heterocycloalkyl groups listed or illustrated above are not exhaustive, and that additional species within the scope of these defined terms may also be selected.
The term "halogen" represents chlorine, fluorine, bromine or iodine. The term "halo" represents chloro, fluoro, bromo or iodo.
The term "substituted" means that the specified group or moiety bears one or more substituents. The term "unsubstituted" means that the specified group bears no substituents. The term "optionally substituted" means that the specified group is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more substituents. Where the term "substituted" is used to describe a structural system, the substitution is meant to occur at any valency-allowed position on the system. In cases where a specified moiety or group is not expressly noted as being optionally substituted or substituted with any specified substituent, it is understood that such a moiety or group is intended to be unsubstituted.
The terms "para", "meta", and "ortho" have the meanings as understood in the art. Thus, for example, a fully substituted phenyl group has substituents at both "ortho"(o) positions adjacent to the point of attachment of the phenyl ring, both "meta" (m) positions, and the one "para" (p) position across from the point of attachment as illustrated below.
Figure imgf000015_0001
To provide a more concise description, some of the quantitative expressions given herein are not qualified with the term "about". It is understood that, whether the term "about" is used explicitly or not, every quantity given herein is meant to refer to the actual given value, and it is also meant to refer to the approximation to such given value that would reasonably be inferred based on the ordinary skill in the art, including equivalents and approximations due to the experimental and/or measurement conditions for such given value. Whenever a yield is given as a percentage, such yield refers to a mass of the entity for which the yield is given with respect to the maximum amount of the same entity that could be obtained under the particular stoichiometric conditions. Concentrations that are given as percentages refer to mass ratios, unless indicated differently.
The terms "buffered" solution or "buffer" solution are used herein interchangeably according to their standard meaning. Buffered solutions are used to control the pH of a medium, and their choice, use, and function is known to those of ordinary skill in the art. See, for example, G.D. Considine, ed., Van Nostrand's Encyclopedia of Chemistry, p. 261 , 5th ed. (2005), describing, inter alia, buffer solutions and how the concentrations of the buffer constituents relate to the pH of the buffer. See also Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84th ed., pp. 8-37 to 8-44. For example, a buffered solution is obtained by adding MgSO and NaHCO3 to a solution in a 10:1 w/w ratio to maintain the pH of the solution at about 7.5.
Any formula given herein is intended to represent compounds having structures depicted by the structural formula as well as certain variations or forms. In particular, compounds of any formula given herein may have asymmetric centers and therefore exist in different enantiomeric forms. All optical isomers and stereoisomers of the compounds of the general formula, and mixtures thereof, are considered within the scope of the formula. Thus, any formula given herein is intended to represent a racemate, one or more enantiomeric forms, one or more diastereomeric forms, one or more
atropisomeric forms, and mixtures thereof. Furthermore, certain structures may exist as geometric isomers (i.e., cis and trans isomers), as tautomers, or as atropisomers.
The symbols and ~~^ are used as meaning the same spatial arrangement in chemical structures shown herein. Analogously, the symbols and " are used as meaning the same spatial arrangement in chemical structures shown herein.
Additionally, any formula given herein is intended to refer also to hydrates, solvates, and polymorphs of such compounds, and mixtures thereof, even if such forms are not listed explicitly. Certain compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II) may be obtained as solvates. Solvates include those formed from the interaction or complexation of compounds of the invention with one or more solvents, either in solution or as a solid or crystalline form. In some embodiments, the solvent is water and then the solvates are hydrates. In addition, certain crystalline forms of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II) may be obtained as co-crystals. In certain embodiments of the invention, compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II) were obtained in a crystalline form. In other embodiments, crystalline forms of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II) were cubic in nature. In other embodiments, pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II) were obtained in a crystalline form. In still other embodiments, compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II) were obtained in one of several polymorphic forms, as a mixture of crystalline forms, as a polymorphic form, or as an amorphous form. In other
embodiments, compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II) convert in solution between one or more crystalline forms and/or polymorphic forms.
Reference to a chemical entity herein stands for a reference to any one of: (a) the actually recited form of such chemical entity, and (b) any of the forms of such chemical entity in the medium in which the compound is being considered when named. For example, reference herein to a compound such as R-COOH, encompasses reference to any one of, for example, R-COOH(S), R-COOH(SOi), and R-COO" (SOi). In this example, R-COOH(s) refers to the solid compound, as it could be for example in a tablet or some other solid
pharmaceutical composition or preparation; R-COOH(SOi) refers to the
undissociated form of the compound in a solvent; and R-COO"(SOi) refers to the dissociated form of the compound in a solvent, such as the dissociated form of the compound in an aqueous environment, whether such dissociated form derives from R-COOH, from a salt thereof, or from any other entity that yields R-COO" upon dissociation in the medium being considered. In another example, an expression such as "exposing an entity to compound of formula R- COOH" refers to the exposure of such entity to the form, or forms, of the compound R-COOH that exists, or exist, in the medium in which such exposure takes place. In still another example, an expression such as "reacting an entity with a compound of formula R-COOH" refers to the reacting of (a) such entity in the chemically relevant form, or forms, of such entity that exists, or exist, in the medium in which such reacting takes place, with (b) the chemically relevant form, or forms, of the compound R-COOH that exists, or exist, in the medium in which such reacting takes place. In this regard, if such entity is for example in an aqueous environment, it is understood that the compound R-COOH is in such same medium, and therefore the entity is being exposed to species such as R-COOH(aq) and/or R-COO"(aq), where the subscript "(aq)" stands for
"aqueous" according to its conventional meaning in chemistry and
biochemistry. A carboxylic acid functional group has been chosen in these nomenclature examples; this choice is not intended, however, as a limitation but it is merely an illustration. It is understood that analogous examples can be provided in terms of other functional groups, including but not limited to hydroxyl, basic nitrogen members, such as those in amines, and any other group that interacts or transforms according to known manners in the medium that contains the compound. Such interactions and transformations include, but are not limited to, dissociation, association, tautomerism, solvolysis, including hydrolysis, solvation, including hydration, protonation, and
deprotonation. No further examples in this regard are provided herein because these interactions and transformations in a given medium are known by any one of ordinary skill in the art.
In another example, a zwitterionic compound is encompassed herein by referring to a compound that is known to form a zwitterion, even if it is not explicitly named in its zwitterionic form. Terms such as zwitterion, zwitterions, and their synonyms zwitterionic compound(s) are standard lUPAC-endorsed names that are well known and part of standard sets of defined scientific names. In this regard, the name zwitterion is assigned the name identification CHEBI:27369 by the Chemical Entities of Biological Inerest (ChEBI) dictionary of molecular entities. As generally well known, a zwitterion or zwitterionic compound is a neutral compound that has formal unit charges of opposite sign. Sometimes these compounds are referred to by the term "inner salts". Other sources refer to these compounds as "dipolar ions", although the latter term is regarded by still other sources as a misnomer. As a specific example, aminoethanoic acid (the amino acid glycine) has the formula H2NCH2COOH, and it exists in some media (in this case in neutral media) in the form of the zwitterion +H3NCH2COO". Zwitterions, zwitterionic compounds, inner salts and dipolar ions in the known and well established meanings of these terms are within the scope of this invention, as would in any case be so appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art. Because there is no need to name each and every embodiment that would be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art, no structures of the zwitterionic compounds that are associated with the compounds of this invention are given explicitly herein. They are, however, part of the embodiments of this invention. No further examples in this regard are provided herein because the interactions and transformations in a given medium that lead to the various forms of a given compound are known by any one of ordinary skill in the art.
Any formula given herein is also intended to represent unlabeled forms as well as isotopically labeled forms of the compounds. Isotopically labeled compounds have structures depicted by the formulas given herein except that one or more atoms are replaced by an atom having a selected atomic mass or mass number. Examples of isotopes that can be incorporated into compounds of the invention include isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, fluorine, and chlorine, such as 2H, 3H, 11C, 13C, 14C, 15N, 18O, 17O, si p 32P j 35Sj i8Fj 36^ 125^ reSpectjVely. Such isotopically labeled compounds are useful in metabolic studies (preferably with 14C), reaction kinetic studies (with, for example 2H or 3H), detection or imaging techniques [such as positron emission tomography (PET) or single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)] including drug or substrate tissue distribution assays, or in
radioactive treatment of patients. In particular, an 18F or 11C labeled compound may be particularly preferred for PET or an I123 for SPECT studies. Further, substitution with heavier isotopes such as deuterium (i.e., 2H) may afford certain therapeutic advantages resulting from greater metabolic stability, for example increased in vivo half-life or reduced dosage requirements.
Isotopically labeled compounds of this invention and prodrugs thereof can generally be prepared by carrying out the procedures disclosed in the schemes or in the examples and preparations described below by substituting a readily available isotopically labeled reagent for a non-isotopically labeled reagent. When referring to any formula given herein, the selection of a particular moiety from a list of possible species for a specified variable is not intended to define the same choice of the species for the variable appearing elsewhere. In other words, where a variable appears more than once, the choice of the species from a specified list is independent of the choice of the species for the same variable elsewhere in the formula, unless stated otherwise.
By way of a first example on substituent terminology, if substituent S1exampie is one of Si and S2, and substituent S2 exampie is one of S3 and S4, then these assignments refer to embodiments of this invention given according to
1 2 ■ 1 2 the Choices S example IS Si and S example IS S3; S example IS Si and S example IS S4;
1 2 ■ 1 2
S example IS S2 and S example IS S3; S example IS S2 and S example IS S4; and
equivalents of each one of such choices. The shorter terminology "S1 exampie is one of Si and S2, and S2 exampie is one of S3 and S4" is accordingly used herein for the sake of brevity, but not by way of limitation. The foregoing first example on substituent terminology, which is stated in generic terms, is meant to illustrate the various substituent assignments described herein. The foregoing convention given herein for substituents extends, when applicable, to members such as R1 , R2, R3, R4, A, Ra, Rb, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg, Rh, R', Rj, and Rk, and any other generic substituent symbol used herein.
Furthermore, when more than one assignment is given for any member or substituent, embodiments of this invention comprise the various groupings that can be made from the listed assignments, taken independently, and equivalents thereof. By way of a second example on substituent terminology, if it is herein described that substituent Sexampie is one of Si , S2, and S3, this listing refers to embodiments of this invention for which Sexampie is Si ; Sexampie is S2;
Sexampie IS S3; Sexampie IS ΟΠβ Of Si and S2; Sexampie IS ΟΠβ Of Si and S3; Sexampie IS one of S2 and S3; Sexampie is one of Si , S2 and S3; and Sexampie is any equivalent of each one of these choices. The shorter terminology "Sexampie is one of Si , S2, and S3" is accordingly used herein for the sake of brevity, but not by way of limitation. The foregoing second example on substituent terminology, which is stated in generic terms, is meant to illustrate the various substituent
assignments described herein. The foregoing convention given herein for substituents extends, when applicable, to members such as R1 , R2, R3, R4, A, Ra, Rb, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg, Rh, R', Rj, and Rk, and any other generic substituent symbol used herein.
The nomenclature "C. " with j > i, when applied herein to a class of substituents, is meant to refer to embodiments of this invention for which each and every one of the number of carbon members, from i to j including i and j, is independently realized. By way of example, the term Ci-3 refers independently to embodiments that have one carbon member (Ci ), embodiments that have two carbon members (C2), and embodiments that have three carbon members (Cs).
The term Cn-malkyl refers to an aliphatic chain, whether straight or branched, with a total number N of carbon members in the chain that satisfies n < N < m, with m > n. Any disubstituent referred to herein is meant to
encompass the various attachment possibilities when more than one of such possibilities are allowed. For example, reference to disubstituent -A-B-, where A≠ B, refers herein to such disubstituent with A attached to a first substituted member and B attached to a second substituted member, and it also refers to such disubstituent with A attached to the second substituted member and B attached to the first substituted member.
According to the foregoing interpretive considerations on assignments and nomenclature, it is understood that explicit reference herein to a set implies, where chemically meaningful and unless indicated otherwise, independent reference to embodiments of such set, and reference to each and every one of the possible embodiments of subsets of the set referred to explicitly.
Some embodiments are given by compounds of Formula (I) where R1 is phenyl substituted with Ra, where Ra is -F, -I, -CI, -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -CH3, -
CH(CH3)2, -C(CH3)3 or -NO2.
In some of these embodiments, R1 is substituted phenyl wherein Rb is a
-Br, -F, -I, -Ci-4alkyl, -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -CN, -CF3, or -OCF3.
In some of these embodiments, R1 is phenyl substituted with Ra, wherein
Ra is -H, -F, -CI, -CH3, -C(CH3)3, -OCH3, or -OCH2CH3, and Rb is -Br, -F, -I, -Ci_
4alkyl, -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -CN, -CF3, or -OCF3. In some of these embodiments, R1 is substituted phenyl where Rb is 2- thiophen-2-yl or 2-furan-2-yl.
In some of these embodiments, R1 is substituted phenyl where Rb is phenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 4-methylphenyl, or 4- trifluoromethylphenyl.
In some of these embodiments, R1 is substituted phenyl where Rb is 1 H- pyrrol-1 -yl, 1 H-pyrazol-1 -yl, 1 H-pyrazol-5-yl, 1 H-imidazol-2-yl, 1 -methyl-1 H- imidazol-2-yl, 1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl, 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl, 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl, 1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-5-yl, 2H-1 ,2,4-triazol-1 -yl, 2H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3-yl, 4H-1 ,2,4-triazol- 3-yl, 4H-1 ,2,4-triazol-4-yl, 1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3-yl, 1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4- triazol-5-yl or 1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl.
In some of these embodiments, R1 is substituted phenyl, where Rb is pyridin-2-yl, 3-chloropyridin-2-yl, 3-fluoropyridin-2-yl, 3-methylpyridin-2-yl, 4- methylpyridin-2-yl, 5-methylpyridin-2-yl, 6-methylpyridin-2-yl, 2-pyridin-3-yl, or 2-pyrimidin-2-yl.
In some of these embodiments, R1 is substituted phenyl, where Rb is 3- methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl or oxazol-2-yl.
In some of these embodiments, R1 is phenyl substituted with Ra, where Ra is halo, -Ci-4alkyl, or -Ci-4alkoxy, and Rb is triazole or pyrimidine substituted or unsubstituted with halo or -Ci- alkyl.
In some of these embodiments, R1 is (1 -methylethyl)-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-
2- yl)phenyl, 2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)phenyl, 2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 2- fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 2-methyl-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl,
3- fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 3-fluoro-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)phenyl, 3-methoxy-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)phenyl, 3-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl, 3-methyl-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 3-methyl-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol- 1 -yl)phenyl, 4-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 4-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3- triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 4-methoxy-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 4,5-dimethoxy-2- [1 ,2,3]triazol-1 -yl-phenyl, 4,5-dimethoxy-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl, 5- [1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzo[1 ,3]dioxol-4-yl, 5-chloro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 5-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 5-iodo-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 5-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 5-methyl-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl, 1 -[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-naphthalen-2-yl, 2-(1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-1 -yl)phenyl, 2-(1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-5-yl)phenyl, 2-(1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-5-yl)phenyl, 2-(1 - methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3-yl)phenyl, 2-(4H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3-yl)phenyl, 2-(4H-1 ,2,4- triazol-4-yl)phenyl, 2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl, 3-fluoro-2-(3- methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl, 2-fluoro-6-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5- yl)phenyl, 4,5-difluoro-2-(4H-1 ,2,4-triazol-4-yl)phenyl), 2-fluoro-6-pyrimidin-2- ylphenyl, 2-(pyrim id in-2-yl)pyrid in-3-yl , 3-fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl, 4-fluoro-
2- (pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl, 4-methoxy-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl, 5-fluoro-2- pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl, or 5-methyl-2-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl.
Some embodiments are given by compounds of Formula (I) where R1 is substituted pyridine, where Rd is -CF3, -Br, or -OCH2CH2CH3.
In some of these embodiments, wherein R1 is substituted pyridine, Rd is 1 H-pyrazol-5-yl, 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl, 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl, 4H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl, 1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl, 3-methylpyridin-2-yl, or 3-methyl- 1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl.
In some of these embodiments, wherein R1 is substituted pyridine, Rd is
1 H-pyrazol-5-yl, 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl, or 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl.
In some of these embodiments, wherein R1 is 1 -phenyl-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl,
3- phenylthiophen-2-yl, 3-phenylfuran-2-yl, 5-phenyl-1 ,3-oxazol-4-yl, 5- phenylisoxazol-4-yl, 5-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl-1 ,3-thiazol-4-yl, 2-methyl-5- phenyl-thiazol-4-yl, or 5-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl-1 ,3-thiazol-4-yl.
Some embodiments are given by compounds of Formula (I), where R1 is 3-methylfuran-2-yl, 9H-fluorene, quinoline, cinnoline; 3-(1 H-pyrrol-1 - yl)thiophen-2-yl, 8-[1 ,2,3]-triazol-2-yl-naphthalen-1 -yl, 2,3-dihydro-1 ,4- benzodioxin-5-yl, 1 H-indol-7-yl, 4-fluoronaphthalen-1 -yl, and naphthalen-1 -yl and R2 is selected from the group consisting of 4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4- phenyl-pyrimidin-2-yl, quinoxaline, or 4-methoxypyrimidin-2-yl.
Some embodiments are given by compounds of Formula (I), where R2 is pyrimidine substituted with -F, -CI, -D, -CD3, -CH3, ethyl, isopropyl, propyl, tert- butyl, -CF3, -OCH3, -N(CH3)2, -CN, -OH, -CH2OH, -NO2, -CO2CH3, -CO2H, - C(O)N(CH3)2, phenyl, furan-2-yl, thiophen-2-yl, 1 H-pyrazol-4-yl, cyclopropyl, pyrrolidin-1 -yl, or morpholin-4-yl.
In some of these embodiments, R2 is 4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4,5- dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl,4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl,4-phenyl-pyrimidin-2-yl, 4- furan-2-ylpyrinnidin-2-yl, 4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4-methoxypyrinnidin-2-yl, 4- thiophen-2-ylpyrimidin-2-yl, N,N,6-trimethyl-pyrimidin-4-amine, 4- (trifl uoromethyl )pyrim id in-2-yl , 4,5,6-trimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4- (trifluoronnethyl)pyrinnidine-5-carboxylate, 4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine-5- carboxylic acid, 5-nitro-pyrimidin-2-yl, 6-methylpyrinnidine-4-carboxylic acid, N,N-dimethyl-4-(tnflouoromethyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxamide, N,N,6- trimethylpyrimidine-carboxamide, 6-methylpyrimidine-4-carbonitrile, 4,6- bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl, 6-methyl-pyrinnidin-4-ol, 4-(furan-2-yl)-6- methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoro-4-methylpyrinnidin-2-yl, 5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl, 4- methoxy-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4-ethyl-6-methylpyrinnidin-2-yl, 4-isopropyl-6- methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4-tertbutyl-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4-cyclopropyl-6- methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4-methyl-6-morpholin-4-ylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-chloro-4- methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrinnidin-2-yl, 5-fluoro-4,6- dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-trifl uoromethyl pyrim id in-2-yl , 4,6- bis[(2H3)methyl](2H)pyrinnidin-2-yl, or 5-ethyl-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl.
In some of these embodiments, R2 is pyrimidine substituted with one or more -CI, -F, -CH3, -CF3, -N(CH3)2, -D, or -CD3.
In some of these embodiments, R2 is 4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4,5- dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl,4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl, 4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4- methoxypyrimidin-2-yl, N,N,6-trimethyl-pyrimidin-4-amine, 4- (trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl, 4,5,6-trimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4,6- bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl, 6-methyl-pyrimidin-4-ol, 5-fluoro-4- methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl, 4-methoxy-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-chloro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoro- 4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-trifluoromethylpyrimidin-2-yl, or 4,6- bis[(2H3)methyl](2H)pyrimidin-2-yl.
Some embodiments are given by compounds of Formula (I) where R2 is pyrazine or triazine substituted with one or more -CH3.
Some embodiments are given by compounds of Formula (I) where R2 is pyridine substituted with one or more -F, -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -CH3, or -CF3.
In some of these embodiments, R2 is benzooxazol-2-yl, 2- methylpyrimidin-4(3H)-one and 4-methyl-6,7-dihydro-5H- cyclopenta[d]pyrimidine and R1 is phenyl, substituted in the ortho position with Rb, where Rb is 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl, 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-l -yl, 3-methyl-1 ,2,4- oxadiazol-5-yl or 2-pyrimidin-2-yl.
Some embodiments are given by compounds of Formula (I) where R2 is quinoxalin-2-yl, 3-methylquinoxalin-2-yl, 6,7-difluoroquinoxalin-2-yl, 3- (trifluoromethyl)quinoxaline, 4-methylquinoline, or 6-fluoroquinazolin-2-yl and R1 is phenyl substituted in the ortho position with Rb, where Rb is 2H-1 ,2,3- triazol-2-yl, 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl, 3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl or 2-pyrimidin-2- yi-
Some embodiments are given by compounds of Formula (II) where R3 is biphenyl or 2-methoxyphenyl and R4 is (5-trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl, (5- trifluoromethyl)-pyrimidin-2-yl, 4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, or quinoxalin-2-yl.
Some embodiments are given by compounds of Formula (I) wherein R1 is 2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)phenyl, 2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 2-fluoro-6- (2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 2-methyl-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 3-fluoro- 2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 3-fluoro-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)phenyl, 3- methoxy-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)phenyl, 3-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl, 3-methyl-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 3-methyl-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol- 1 -yl)phenyl, 4-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 4-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3- triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 4-methoxy-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 4,5-dimethoxy-2- [1 ,2,3]triazol-1 -yl-phenyl, 4,5-dimethoxy-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl, 5-chloro-2- (2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 5-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 5- methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 5-methyl-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl, 2-(1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-1 -yl)phenyl, 2-(1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-5-yl)phenyl, 2-(1 - methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-5-yl)phenyl, 2-(1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3-yl)phenyl, 2- (4H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3-yl)phenyl, 2-(4H-1 ,2,4-triazol-4-yl)phenyl, 2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4- oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl, 3-fluoro-2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl, 2- fluoro-6-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl, 4,5-difluoro-2-(4H-1 ,2,4-triazol- 4-yl)phenyl), 2-fluoro-6-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl, 2-(pyrim id in-2-yl)pyrid in-3-yl , 3- fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl, 4-fluoro-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl, 4-methoxy-2- (pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl, 5-fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl, or 5-methyl-2-pyrimidin- 2-ylphenyl and R2 is 4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4,5-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl,4,6- dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl, 4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4-methoxypyrimidin-2-yl, N,N,6-trimethyl-pyrimidin-4-amine, 4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl, 4,5,6- trimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4,6-bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl, 6-methyl- pyrimidin-4-ol, 5-fluoro-4-methylpyrinnidin-2-yl, 5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl, 4- methoxy-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-chloro-4-methylpyrinnidin-2-yl, 5-chloro-4,6- dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5- trifluoromethylpyrimidin-2-yl, or 4,6-bis[(2H3)methyl](2H)pyrinnidin-2-yl.
Some embodiments are given by compounds of Formula (I) wherein R1 is 3-fluoro-2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl, 6-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol- 2-yl)phenyl, 4-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, or 3-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl- pyridin-2-yl and R2 is 4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin- 2-yl, or 5-fluoro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl.
Compounds of Formula (I) and Formula (II) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are used, alone or in combination with one or more additional active ingredients, to formulate pharmaceutical compositions. A pharmaceutical composition therefore comprises an effective amount of at least one a compound of Formula (I) and Formula (II) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
The invention includes also pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of Formula (I) and Formula (II), preferably of those described above and of the specific compounds exemplified herein, and methods of treatment using such salts.
A "pharmaceutically acceptable salt" is intended to mean a salt of a free acid or base of a compound represented by Formula (I) and Formula (II), that is non-toxic, biologically tolerable, or otherwise biologically suitable for
administration to the subject. See, generally, G.S. Paulekuhn, et al., "Trends in Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Salt Selection based on Analysis of the
Orange Book Database", J. Med. Chem., 2007, 50:6665-72, S.M. Berge, et al., "Pharmaceutical Salts", J Pharm Sci., 1977, 66:1 -19, and Handbook of
Pharmaceutical Salts, Properties, Selection, and Use, Stahl and Wermuth, Eds., Wiley-VCH and VHCA, Zurich, 2002. Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable salts are those that are pharmacologically effective and suitable for contact with the tissues of patients without undue toxicity, irritation, or allergic response. A compound of Formula (I) and Formula (II) may possess a sufficiently acidic group, a sufficiently basic group, or both types of functional groups, and accordingly react with a number of inorganic or organic bases, and inorganic and organic acids, to form a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.
bases, and inorganic and organic acids, to form a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.
Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable salts include sulfates, pyrosulfates, bisulfates, sulfites, bisulfites, phosphates, monohydrogen- phosphates, dihydrogenphosphates, metaphosphates, pyrophosphates, chlorides, bromides, iodides, acetates, propionates, decanoates, caprylates, acrylates, formates, isobutyrates, caproates, heptanoates, propiolates, oxalates, malonates, succinates, suberates, sebacates, fumarates, maleates, butyne-1 ,4-dioates, hexyne-1 ,6-dioates, benzoates, chlorobenzoates, methylbenzoates, dinitrobenzoates, hydroxybenzoates, methoxybenzoates, phthalates, sulfonates, xylenesulfonates, phenylacetates, phenylpropionates, phenylbutyrates, citrates, lactates, γ-hydroxybutyrates, glycolates, tartrates, methane-sulfonates, propanesulfonates, naphthalene-1 -sulfonates,
naphthalene-2-sulfonates, and mandelates.
When the compound of Formula (I) or Formula (II) contains a basic nitrogen, the desired pharmaceutically acceptable salt may be prepared by any suitable method available in the art, for example, treatment of the free base with an inorganic acid, such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfamic acid, nitric acid, boric acid, phosphoric acid, and the like, or with an organic acid, such as acetic acid, phenylacetic acid, propionic acid, stearic acid, lactic acid, ascorbic acid, maleic acid, hydroxymaleic acid, isethionic acid, succinic acid, valeric acid, fumaric acid, malonic acid, pyruvic acid, oxalic acid, glycolic acid, salicylic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, lauric acid, a pyranosidyl acid, such as glucuronic acid or galacturonic acid, an alpha-hydroxy acid, such as mandelic acid, citric acid, or tartaric acid, an amino acid, such as aspartic acid, glutaric acidor glutamic acid, an aromatic acid, such as benzoic acid, 2- acetoxybenzoic acid, naphthoic acid, or cinnamic acid, a sulfonic acid, such as laurylsulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, any compatible mixture of acids such as those given as examples herein, and any other acid and mixture thereof that are regarded as equivalents or acceptable substitutes in light of the ordinary level of skill in this technology. When the compound of Formula (I) or Formula (II) is an acid, such as a carboxylic acid or sulfonic acid, the desired pharmaceutically acceptable salt may be prepared by any suitable method, for example, treatment of the free acid with an inorganic or organic base, such as an amine (primary, secondary or tertiary), an alkali metal hydroxide, alkaline earth metal hydroxide, any compatible mixture of bases such as those given as examples herein, and any other base and mixture thereof that are regarded as equivalents or acceptable substitutes in light of the ordinary level of skill in this technology. Illustrative examples of suitable salts include organic salts derived from amino acids, such as N-methyl-D-glucamine, lysine, choline, glycine and arginine, ammonia, carbonates, bicarbonates, primary, secondary, and tertiary amines, and cyclic amines, such as tromethamine, benzylamines, pyrrolidines, piperidine, morpholine, and piperazine, and inorganic salts derived from sodium, calcium, potassium, magnesium, manganese, iron, copper, zinc, aluminum, and lithium.
The invention also relates to pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs of the compounds of Formula (I) and Formula (II), and treatment methods employing such pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs. The term "prodrug" means a precursor of a designated compound that, following administration to a subject, yields the compound in vivo via a chemical or physiological process such as solvolysis or enzymatic cleavage, or under physiological conditions (e.g., a prodrug on being brought to physiological pH is converted to the compound of Formula (I) or Formula (II)). A "pharmaceutically acceptable prodrug" is a prodrug that is non-toxic, biologically tolerable, and otherwise biologically suitable for administration to the subject. Illustrative procedures for the selection and preparation of suitable prodrug derivatives are described, for example, in "Design of Prodrugs" , ed. H. Bundgaard, Elsevier, 1985.
Exemplary prodrugs include compounds having an amino acid residue, or a polypeptide chain of two or more (e.g., two, three or four) amino acid residues, covalently joined through an amide or ester bond to a free amino, hydroxy, or carboxylic acid group of a compound of Formula (I) or Formula (II). Examples of amino acid residues include the twenty naturally occurring amino acids, commonly designated by three letter symbols, as well as 4- hydroxyproline, hydroxylysine, demosine, isodemosine, 3-methylhistidine, norvalin, beta-alanine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, citrulline homocysteine, homoserine, ornithine and methionine sulfone.
Additional types of prodrugs may be produced, for instance, by derivatizing free carboxyl groups of structures of Formula (I) or Formula (II) as amides or alkyl esters. Examples of amides include those derived from ammonia, primary Chalky! amines and secondary di(Ci-6alkyl) amines.
Secondary amines include 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl or heteroaryl ring moieties. Examples of amides include those that are derived from ammonia, Chalky! primary amines, and di(Ci-2alkyl)amines. Examples of esters of the invention include Ci-7alkyl, C5-7cycloalkyl, phenyl, and phenyl(Ci- 6alkyl) esters. Preferred esters include methyl esters. Prodrugs may also be prepared by derivatizing free hydroxy groups using groups including
hemisuccinates, phosphate esters, dimethylaminoacetates, and
phosphoryloxymethyloxycarbonyls, following procedures such as those outlined in Fleisher et al., Adv. Drug Delivery Rev. 1996, 19, 1 15-130. Carbamate derivatives of hydroxy and amino groups may also yield prodrugs. Carbonate derivatives, sulfonate esters, and sulfate esters of hydroxy groups may also provide prodrugs. Derivatization of hydroxy groups as (acyloxy)methyl and (acyloxy)ethyl ethers, wherein the acyl group may be an alkyl ester, optionally substituted with one or more ether, amine, or carboxylic acid functionalities, or where the acyl group is an amino acid ester as described above, is also useful to yield prodrugs. Prodrugs of this type may be prepared as described in Robinson et al., J Med Chem. 1996, 39(l),10-18. Free amines can also be derivatized as amides, sulfonamides or phosphonamides. All of these prodrug moieties may incorporate groups including ether, amine, and carboxylic acid functionalities.
The present invention also relates to pharmaceutically active metabolites of the compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), which may also be used in the methods of the invention. A "pharmaceutically active metabolite" means a pharmacologically active product of metabolism in the body of a compound of Formula (I) or Formula (II) or salt thereof. Prodrugs and active metabolites of a compound may be determined using routine techniques known or available in the art. See, e.g., Bertolini, et al., J Med Chem. 1997, 40, 201 1 -2016; Shan, et al., J Pharm Sci. 1997, 86 (7), 765-767; Bagshawe, Drug Dev Res. 1995, 34, 220-230; Bodor, Adv Drug Res. 1984, 13, 224-331 ; Bundgaard, Design of Prodrugs (Elsevier Press, 1985); and Larsen, Design and Application of Prodrugs, Drug Design and Development (Krogsgaard-Larsen, et al., eds., Harwood Academic Publishers, 1991 ).
The compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs, and pharmaceutically active metabolites of the present invention are useful as modulators of the orexin receptor in the methods of the invention. As such modulators, the compounds may act as antagonists, agonists, or inverse agonists. The term "modulators" include both inhibitors and activators, where "inhibitors" refer to compounds that decrease, prevent, inactivate, desensitize or down-regulate orexin receptor expression or activity, and "activators" are compounds that increase, activate, facilitate, sensitize, or up-regulate orexin receptor
expression or activity.
The term "treat" or "treating" as used herein is intended to refer to administration of an active agent or composition of the invention to a subject for the purpose of effecting a therapeutic or prophylactic benefit through
modulation of orexin receptor activity. Treating includes reversing,
ameliorating, alleviating, inhibiting the progress of, lessening the severity of, or preventing a disease, disorder, or condition, or one or more symptoms of such disease, disorder or condition mediated through modulation of orexin receptor activity. The term "subject" refers to a mammalian patient in need of such treatment, such as a human.
Accordingly, the invention relates to methods of using the compounds described herein to treat subjects diagnosed with or suffering from a disease, disorder, or condition mediated by orexin receptor activity, such as: disorders of the sleep-wake cycle, metabolic disorders, neurological disorders and other disorders (e.g., feeding, drinking, arousal, stress, addiction, metabolism and reproduction). Symptoms or disease states are intended to be included within the scope of "medical conditions, disorders, or diseases."
Sleep disorders include, but are not limited to, sleep-wake transition disorders, insomnia, restless legs syndrome, jet-lag, disturbed sleep, and sleep disorders secondary to neurological disorders (e.g., manias, depressions, manic depression, schizophrenia, and pain syndromes (e.g., fibromyalgia, neuropathic).
Metabolic disorders include, but are not limited to, overweight or obesity and conditions related to overweight or obesity, such as insulin resistance, type II diabetes, hyperlipidemia, gallstones, angina, hypertension, breathlessness, tachycardia, infertility, sleep apnea, back and joint pain, varicose veins and osteoarthritis.
Neurological disorders include, but are not limited to, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Tourette's Syndrome, catatonia, anxiety, delirium and dementias.
Other disorders include, but are not limited to, ulcers, irritable bowel syndrome, diarrhea and gastroesophageal reflux.
In treatment methods according to the invention, an effective amount of a pharmaceutical agent according to the invention is administered to a subject suffering from or diagnosed as having such a disease, disorder, or condition. An "effective amount" means an amount or dose sufficient to generally bring about the desired therapeutic or prophylactic benefit in patients in need of such treatment for the designated disease, disorder, or condition. Effective amounts or doses of the compounds of the present invention may be ascertained by routine methods such as modeling, dose escalation studies or clinical trials, and by taking into consideration routine factors, e.g., the mode or route of administration or drug delivery, the pharmacokinetics of the compound, the severity and course of the disease, disorder, or condition, the subject's previous or ongoing therapy, the subject's health status and response to drugs, and the judgment of the treating physician. An example of a dose is in the range of from about 0.001 to about 200 mg of compound per kg of subject's body weight per day, preferably about 0.05 to 100 mg/kg/day, or about 1 to 35 mg/kg/day, in single or divided dosage units (e.g., BID, TID, QID). For a 70-kg human, an illustrative range for a suitable dosage amount is from about 0.05 to about 7 g/day, or about 0.2 to about 2.5 g/day.
Once improvement of the patient's disease, disorder, or condition has occurred, the dose may be adjusted for preventative or maintenance treatment. For example, the dosage or the frequency of administration, or both, may be reduced as a function of the symptoms, to a level at which the desired therapeutic or prophylactic effect is maintained. Of course, if symptoms have been alleviated to an appropriate level, treatment may cease. Patients may, however, require intermittent treatment on a long-term basis upon any recurrence of symptoms.
In addition, the active agents of the invention may be used in
combination with additional active ingredients in the treatment of the above conditions. The additional active ingredients may be coadministered separately with an active agent of compounds of Table 1 or included with such an agent in a pharmaceutical composition according to the invention. In an exemplary embodiment, additional active ingredients are those that are known or discovered to be effective in the treatment of conditions, disorders, or diseases mediated by orexin activity, such as another orexin modulator or a compound active against another target associated with the particular condition, disorder, or disease. The combination may serve to increase efficacy (e.g., by including in the combination a compound potentiating the potency or effectiveness of an active agent according to the invention), decrease one or more side effects, or decrease the required dose of the active agent according to the invention.
The active agents of the invention are used, alone or in combination with one or more additional active ingredients, to formulate pharmaceutical compositions of the invention. A pharmaceutical composition of the invention comprises: (a) an effective amount of at least one active agent in accordance with the invention; and (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
A "pharmaceutically acceptable excipient" refers to a substance that is non-toxic, biologically tolerable, and otherwise biologically suitable for administration to a subject, such as an inert substance, added to a
pharmacological composition or otherwise used as a vehicle, carrier, or diluent to facilitate administration of a agent and that is compatible therewith.
Examples of excipients include calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, various sugars and types of starch, cellulose derivatives, gelatin, vegetable oils, and polyethylene glycols. Delivery forms of the pharmaceutical compositions containing one or more dosage units of the active agents may be prepared using suitable pharmaceutical excipients and compounding techniques known or that become available to those skilled in the art. The compositions may be administered in the inventive methods by a suitable route of delivery, e.g., oral, parenteral, rectal, topical, or ocular routes, or by inhalation.
The preparation may be in the form of tablets, capsules, sachets, dragees, powders, granules, lozenges, powders for reconstitution, liquid preparations, or suppositories. Preferably, the compositions are formulated for intravenous infusion, topical administration, or oral administration.
For oral administration, the compounds of the invention can be provided in the form of tablets or capsules, or as a solution, emulsion, or suspension. To prepare the oral compositions, the compounds may be formulated to yield a dosage of, e.g., from about 0.05 to about 100 mg/kg daily, or from about 0.05 to about 35 mg/kg daily, or from about 0.1 to about 10 mg/kg daily. For example, a total daily dosage of about 5 mg to 5 g daily may be accomplished by dosing once, twice, three, or four times per day.
Oral tablets may include a compound according to the invention mixed with pharmaceutically acceptable excipients such as inert diluents,
disintegrating agents, binding agents, lubricating agents, sweetening agents, flavoring agents, coloring agents and preservative agents. Suitable inert fillers include sodium and calcium carbonate, sodium and calcium phosphate, lactose, starch, sugar, glucose, methyl cellulose, magnesium stearate, mannitol, sorbitol, and the like. Exemplary liquid oral excipients include ethanol, glycerol, water, and the like. Starch, polyvinyl-pyrrolidone (PVP), sodium starch glycolate, microcrystalline cellulose, and alginic acid are suitable disintegrating agents. Binding agents may include starch and gelatin. The lubricating agent, if present, may be magnesium stearate, stearic acid or talc. If desired, the tablets may be coated with a material such as glyceryl
monostearate or glyceryl distearate to delay absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, or may be coated with an enteric coating.
Capsules for oral administration include hard and soft gelatin capsules. To prepare hard gelatin capsules, compounds of the invention may be mixed with a solid, semi-solid, or liquid diluent. Soft gelatin capsules may be prepared by mixing the compound of the invention with water, an oil such as peanut oil or olive oil, liquid paraffin, a mixture of mono and di-glycerides of short chain fatty acids, polyethylene glycol 400, or propylene glycol.
Liquids for oral administration may be in the form of suspensions, solutions, emulsions or syrups or may be lyophilized or presented as a dry product for reconstitution with water or other suitable vehicle before use. Such liquid compositions may optionally contain: pharmaceutically-acceptable excipients such as suspending agents (for example, sorbitol, methyl cellulose, sodium alginate, gelatin, hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, aluminum stearate gel and the like); non-aqueous vehicles, e.g., oil (for example, almond oil or fractionated coconut oil), propylene glycol, ethyl alcohol, or water; preservatives (for example, methyl or propyl p-hydroxybenzoate or sorbic acid); wetting agents such as lecithin; and, if desired, flavoring or coloring agents.
The active agents of this invention may also be administered by non-oral routes. For example, the compositions may be formulated for rectal
administration as a suppository. For parenteral use, including intravenous, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, or subcutaneous routes, the compounds of the invention may be provided in sterile aqueous solutions or suspensions, buffered to an appropriate pH and isotonicity or in parenterally acceptable oil. Suitable aqueous vehicles include Ringer's solution and isotonic sodium chloride. Such forms will be presented in unit-dose form such as ampules or disposable injection devices, in multi-dose forms such as vials from which the appropriate dose may be withdrawn, or in a solid form or pre-concentrate that can be used to prepare an injectable formulation. Illustrative infusion doses may range from about 1 to 1000 g/kg/minute of compound, admixed with a pharmaceutical carrier over a period ranging from several minutes to several days.
For topical administration, the compounds may be mixed with a pharmaceutical carrier at a concentration of about 0.1 % to about 10% of drug to vehicle. Another mode of administering the compounds of the invention may utilize a patch formulation to affect transdermal delivery. Compounds of the invention may alternatively be administered in methods of this invention by inhalation, via the nasal or oral routes, e.g., in a spray formulation also containing a suitable carrier.
Exemplary compounds useful in methods of the invention will now be described by reference to the illustrative synthetic schemes for their general preparation below and the specific examples that follow. Artisans will recognize that, to obtain the various compounds herein, starting materials may be suitably selected so that the ultimately desired substituents will be carried through the reaction scheme with or without protection as appropriate to yield the desired product. Alternatively, it may be necessary or desirable to employ, in the place of the ultimately desired substituent, a suitable group that may be carried through the reaction scheme and replaced as appropriate with the desired substituent. Unless otherwise specified, the variables are as defined above in reference to Formula (I). Reactions may be performed between the melting point and the reflux temperature of the solvent, and preferably between 0 °C and the reflux temperature of the solvent. Reactions may be heated employing conventional heating or microwave heating. Reactions may also be conducted in sealed pressure vessels above the normal reflux temperature of the solvent.
Abbreviations and acronyms used herein include the following:
Figure imgf000035_0001
Ethanol EtOH
Acetonitrile ACN
Ethyl Acetate EtOAc, or EA
Triethylamine TEA
2-(1 H-9-Azobenzotriazole-1 -yl)-1 ,1 ,3,3-
HATU
tetramethylanniniunn hexafluorophosphate
1 -Hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole HOAT
Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether MTBE
/V-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-/V-
EDCI
ethylcarbodiimide
[1 ,1 '-
Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium(ll) PdCI2(dppf)-dcm adduct Dichloride Dichloromethane Adduct
SCHEME A
Figure imgf000036_0001
(IV) (Via)
1) HET, K3CO3
Figure imgf000036_0002
Figure imgf000036_0003
Intermediate compounds of formulae (Via) and (VIb) are readily prepared as outlined in Scheme A from a commercially available or synthetically accessible compound of formula (IV). Compounds of formula (Via) are obtained by reacting a compound of formula (IV), where Ra2 is -H, halo, -Ci-4alkyl, -Ci-4alkoxy, -NO2, -NHCOCH3, or two Ra2 members may come together to form a 6-membered aryl ring, where X is C or N (with the proviso that only one X member can be N), with commercially available HET
compounds of formula (V), where
HET is a 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring containing one to three nitrogen members, in the presence of copper(l)iodide, CS2CO3 and Ν,Ν'- dimethylcyclohexane-1 ,2-diamine; in a solvent such as DMF or dioxane, at temperatures ranging from 60 °C to 100 °C (using conventional or microwave heating). One skilled in the art will recognize that 1 ,2,3-triazole can exist in two tautomeric forms defined as 2H-[1 ,2,3]triazole and 1 H-[1 ,2,3]triazole thus accounting for the formation of two regioisomers.
Alternatively, compounds of formula (Vlb) are prepared by the reaction of halobenzonitrile compounds of formula (VII) with HET, where HET is a 5- membered heteroaryl ring selected from the group consisting of triazole or pyrazole, in a solvent such as DMF and the like, in the presence of an inorganic base such as K2CO3 and the like, at temperatures ranging from 100 °C to 130 °C. Subsequent hydrolysis of the nitrile using a base such as aqueous NaOH and the like, in a solvent such as methanol provides compounds of formula (Vlb).
Compounds of formula (Vlb) are also prepared by the reaction of halobenzonitrile compounds of formula (VII) with HET-Sn(alkyl)3, where HET- Sn(alkyl)3 is a commercially available or synthetically accessible
trial kyltinheteroaryl compound, in a solvent such as DME, in the presence of a palladium catalyst such as Pd(PPh3)4, in the presence or absence of a catalytic amount of copper iodide, at temperatures ranging from 100 °C to 160 °C, using conventional or microwave heating. Subsequent hydrolysis of the nitrile using a base such as aqueous NaOH and the like, in a solvent such as methanol provides compounds of formula (Vlb).
Compounds of formula (Vlb) are also prepared by the reaction of halobenzonitrile compounds of formula (VII) with HET-boronic acid, where HET-boronic acid is a commercially available or synthetically accessible heteroarylboronic acid, in a solvent such as DME, in the presence of a base such as NaHCO3, a palladium catalyst such as Pd(PPh3)4, at temperatures ranging from 80 °C to the reflux temperature of the solvent. Subsequent hydrolysis using a base such as aqueous NaOH and the like, in a solvent such as methanol provides compounds of formula (Vlb).
Compounds of formula (I), where Rb2 is -I, are further elaborated to compounds of formula (I), where Rb2 is HET, where HET is a 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring containg one to three nitrogen atoms optionally containing one oxygen member. Reaction of compounds of formula (I), where Rb2 is -I, with HET-Sn(alkyl)3, where HET-Sn(alkyl)3 is a commercially available or
synthetically accessible trialkyltinheteroaryl compound, in a solvent such as DME, in the presence of a palladium catalyst such as Pd(PPh3) , in the presence or absence of a catalytic amount of copper iodide, at temperatures ranging from 100 °C to 160 °C, using conventional or microwave heating, provides compounds of formula (I).
Figure imgf000038_0001
(XI) (Vie)
According to Scheme B, compounds of formula (Vic) are obtained from compounds of formula (IV), by first converting a commercially available or synthetically accessible compound of formula (IV), where Ra2 is -H, halo, -Ci- alkyl, -Ci- alkoxy, -CF3, or -NO2, and where X is C or N (with the proviso that only one X may be N) to one of formula (IX) under esterification conditions, for example by treating an alcohol solution of a compound of formula (IV) with an acid. In a preferred method the compound of formula (IV) is dissolved in a solvent such as MeOH and treated with H2SO to afford a compound of formula (IX). A compound of formula (X) is obtained by reacting a suitable compound of formula (IX) with pinacol borane in the presence of a phosphine and a palladium catalyst, in the presence of an amine base, in a solvent such as THF, at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 70 °C. In a preferred method the phosphine is tri(o-tolyl)phosphine, the palladium catalyst is
Pd(OAc)2 and the amine base is triethylamine.
A compound of formula (Vic) is obtained by reacting a compound of formula (X) with a compound Rb2-CI, where Rb2-CI is a suitable commercially available or synthetically accessible 6-membered chloro-substituted heteroaryl compound, in the presence of a palladium catalyst, a base such as Na2CO3, and the like, in a solvent such as 2-methyl-tetrahydrofuran (2-methyl-THF), and the like, at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 80 °C. In a preferred method the palladium catalyst is PdCl2(dppf)-dcm adduct , the base is Na2CO3 and the solvent is 2-methyl-THF. A compound of formula (Vic) is obtained from a compound of formula (XI) via ester hydrolysis. In a preferred method of hydrolysis, a compound of formula (XI) in methyl-THF is treated with aqueous NaOH to afford a compound of formula (Vic).
SCHEME C
Figure imgf000039_0001
(XII) (Xllla) (XlVa) (XVIa)
Figure imgf000039_0002
(Xlllb) (XlVb) (XVIb)
According to SCHEME C, substituted heteroaryl compounds R2CI of formula (XlVa) and (XVIb) are prepared from commercially available or synthetically accessible compounds of formula (Xllla) or (Xlllb). Pyrimidols of formula (Xllla) or formula (Xlllb) are commercially available or are prepared by reacting substituted alkyl malonates of formula (XII), where Re is halo, with urea in the presence of a base such as sodium ethoxide and the like; in a suitable solvent such as ethanol, at temperatures between room temperature and the reflux temperature of the solvent. Chlorination of commercially available pyrimidinols of formula (Xlllb) or synthetically accessible compounds of formula (Xllla) using a chlorinating agent such as oxalyl chloride and the like; in a solvent such as CH2CI2, in the presence of a base such as N,N-dimethylaniline and the like; at temperatures ranging between room temperature and the reflux temperature of the solvent provides chloropyrimidines of formula (XlVa) or (XlVb). Additionally, chloropyrimidines of formula (XlVa) or (XlVb) are further elaborated. Chloropyrimidines of formula (XlVa) or (XlVb) are reacted with Grignard reagents (R9MgBr) of formula (XV); in the presence of a catalytic amount of Fe(acac)3, in a solvent such as Et2O at 0 °C, provides alkyl chloropyrimidines of formula (XVIa) or (XVIb).
Figure imgf000040_0001
(χχ|) (χχ)
According to Scheme D, compounds of formula (XX) are obtained from synthetically accessible or commercially available 2-benzyl-octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole by first protecting the secondary nitrogen of 2-benzyl- octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole as a carbamate. In a preferred embodiment the carbamate is the terf-butylcarbamate (boc) which is introduced by treating 2- benzyl-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole with di-terf-butyl-dicarbonate, in a solvent such as DCM, affording compound (XVII). Compound (XVIII) is obtained from treating compound (XVII) with hydrogen gas, in the presence of a catalyst. In a particularly preferred embodiment the catalyst is Pd on carbon, in a solvent such as MeOH in the presence of AcOH. A compound of formula (XIX) is obtained by treating compound (XVIII) with a compound of formula R2CI, where R2 is as defined in formula (I). Commercially available or synthetically accessible appropriately heteroaryl compounds of formula R2CI are reacted with compound (XVIII) in the presence of a suitably selected tertiary organic or inorganic base such as CS2CO3, Na2CO3, TEA, and the like; in a solvent such as DMF, dichloromethane, THF, n-butanol, and the like; at a temperature between room temperature and the reflux temperature of the solvent, using conventional or microwave heating, to afford compounds of formula (XIX). In a preferred embodiment the base is CS2CO3 and the solvent is DMF. Removal of the terf-butylcarbamate (boc) in compounds of formula (XIX) is accomplished by using methods known to one skilled in the art, such as, HCI, TFA, or p-toluenesulfonic acid, in a solvent such as CH3OH, dioxane, or CH2CI2. In a preferred embodiment, a compound of formula (XIX) is treated with TFA in DCM or HCI to afford a compound of formula (XX).
Compounds of formula (XX) are also obtained from 2-benzyl-octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole. Referring to Scheme D, 2-benzyl-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole is treated with R2CI, where R2 is as defined in a compound of formula (I). Commercially available or synthetically accessible suitably substituted heteroaryl compounds of formula R2CI are reacted with compound 2-benzyl- octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole in the presence of a tertiary organic or inorganic base such as CS2CO3, Na2CO3, TEA, and the like; in a solvent such as DMF, dichloromethane, THF, and the like; at a temperature between room
temperature and the reflux temperature of the solvent to afford a compound of formula (XXI). In a preferred embodiment the base is CS2CO3 and the solvent is DMF. A compound of formula (XX) is obtained by treating a compound of formula (XXI) with hydrogen gas, in the presence of a catalyst, in a solvent such as AcOH. In a preferred embodiment the catalyst is Pd on carbon.
SCHEME E
(
Figure imgf000042_0001
(XIX) , W = boc (XXIII), W = boc
Figure imgf000042_0002
, W = benzyl
(XXVII) , W = boc
(XXVIII) , W = R4
Referring to Scheme E, a compound of formula (I) is obtained from a compound of formula (XIX), (XX), or (XXI) by reacting a compound of formula
(XIX) , (XX), or (XXI) with a compound of formula R1CO2H under amide formation conditions. Compounds of formula R1CO2H, where R1 is as defined in formula (I), are commercially available, as described, or synthetically accessible appropriately substituted aryl or heteroaryl carboxylic acids. In a preferred embodiment a compound of formula (XIX), (XX), or (XXI), either as a free base or as an acid salt, is reacted with a compound of formula R1CO2H, in the presence of a dehydrating agent such as HOBt/EDAC, CDI, HATU, HOAT; a suitably selected base such as DIPEA, TEA, and the like; in an organic solvent or mixture thereof, such as toluene, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, DMF, THF, methylene chloride, and the like; to afford a compound of formula (XXII), (XXIII) or (I). In a particularly preferred embodiment the dehydrating agent is HATU, and the base is DIPEA.
In an alternative embodiment, a compound of formula R1CO2H (as described above) may be first converted to a compound of formula R1COCI, or compound of formula R1COCI is a commercially available substituted aryl sulfonyl chloride. In a preferred embodiment, a compound of formula R1CO2H is treated with thionyl chloride in a solvent such as toluene to afford a compound of formula R1COCI. A compound of formula (I) is obtained by treating a compound of formula R1COCI with a compound of formula (XIX),
(XX) , or (XXI), a suitably selected tertiary organic base such as TEA, and the like, in a solvent such as dichloromethane, THF, and the like, at a temperature between room temperature and the reflux temperature of the solvent. A compound of formula (II) is obtained by treating a compound of formula R1SO2CI with a compound of formula (XIX), (XXI), or (XXV), where R4 is (5- trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl, (5-trifluoromethyl)-pyrimidin-2-yl, 4,6- dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, or quinoxalin-2-yl; a suitably selected tertiary organic base such as TEA, and the like, in a solvent such as dichloromethane, THF, and the like, at a temperature between room temperature and the reflux temperature of the solvent.
Referring to Scheme E, one skilled in the art will recognize that the sequence of transformations shown in Schemes D and E may be reordered such that amide bond formation may be the initial reaction to give compounds of formulae (XXII) and (XXIII). Removal of the N-benzyl group from a compound of formulae (XXII) or removal of the carbamate from a compound of formula (XXIII) followed by the reaction with a compound R2CI, where R2CI is as described above gives a compound of formula (I).
Figure imgf000043_0001
3-Fluoro-2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)benzoic acid and 2-fluoro-6- (3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)benzoic acid are prepared according to
SCHEME H. 3-Fluorophthalic anhydride was dissolved in a solvent such as MeOH, at temperatures ranging from room temperature to the reflux
temperature of the solvent, to provide acid-esters (XXVIIa) and (XXIIb).
Conversion of the acid to the acid chloride is accomplished under standard chlorination conditions. In a preferred method the acid is heated with oxalyl chloride in a solvent such as DCM. Subsequent reaction of the acid chloride with N-hydroxyacetamide in a solvent such as CH2CI2 provides a mixture of esters (XXVIIIa) and (XXVIIIb). Finally, esters (XXVIIIa) and (XXVIIIb) are converted to a mixtue of esters (XXIXa) and (XXIXb) and acids (XXXa) and (XXXb) by treatment with a base, preferably sodium acetate, in the presence of a solvent, preferably t-BuOH.
Alternately, acid (XXXa) is prepared by first converting 2-fluoro-6- iodobenzoic acid to the acid chloride by reaction with a chlorinating agent such as oxalyl chloride, in a solvent such as DCM, with a catalytic amount of DMF, at a temperature of 0 °C. Subsequent reaction of the acid chloride with N- hydroxyacetamide in a solvent such as CH2CI2 provides (Z)-N'-((2-fluoro-6- iodobenzoyl)oxy)acetimidamide. 5-(2-Fluoro-6-iodophenyl)-3-methyl-1 ,2,4- oxadiazole is prepared by reacting (Z)-N'-((2-fluoro-6- iodobenzoyl)oxy)acetimidamide with sodium acetate, in a solvent such as tert- butanol, at temperatures ranging from 100 °C to 1 10 °C. 3-Fluoro-2-(3-methyl- 1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)benzoic acid (XXXa) is prepared by reacting 5-(2-fluoro-6- iodophenyl)-3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazole with a grignard reagent such as i- PrMgCI, in a suitable solvent such as THF and the like, at a temperature of -78 °C. Subsequent addition of CO2 gas, at a temperature of -78 °C provides 3- fluoro-2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)benzoic acid (XXXa).
SCHEME H
Figure imgf000044_0001
(XXXI) (ΧΧΧΙΙ)
EtOD
Deuterated pyrimidine compounds of formula (XXXII) are prepared according to Scheme H. Acetylacetone is reacted with an inorganic base such as K2CO3 in deuterated water, at temperatures ranging from 100 °C to 120 °C to provide 1 ,1 ,1 ,3,3,3,5,5-octadeuteriopentane-2,4-dione. 1 ,1 ,1 ,3,3,3,5,5- Octadeuteriopentane-2,4-dione is subsequently reacted with deuterated urea, in a solvent such as deuterated ethanol, 35% wt. DCI in D2O, at temperatures ranging from 90 °C to 100 °C to provide deuterated pyrimidinols of formula (XXXI). Chlorination under standard chlorinating conditions provides
chlorodetuteratedpy midine compounds of formula (XXXII).
Compounds of formula (I) may be converted to their corresponding salts using methods known to those skilled in the art. For example, amines of formula (I) may be treated with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), HCI, maleic acid, or citric acid in a solvent such as diethyl ether (Et2O), CH2CI2, tetrahydrofuran (THF), or methanol (MeOH) to provide the corresponding salt forms. In a particularly preferred embodiment the acid is HCI and the solvent is
isopropanol.
Compounds prepared according to the schemes described above may be obtained as single enantiomers, diastereomers, or regioisomers, by enantio- , diastero-, or regiospecific synthesis, or by resolution. Compounds prepared according to the schemes above may alternately be obtained as racemic (1 :1 ) or non-racemic (not 1 :1 ) mixtures or as mixtures of diastereomers or
regioisomers. Where racemic and non-racemic mixtures of enantiomers are obtained, single enantiomers may be isolated using conventional separation methods known to one skilled in the art, such as chiral chromatography, recrystallization, diastereomeric salt formation, derivatization into
diastereomeric adducts, biotransformation, or enzymatic transformation.
Where regioisomeric or diastereomeric mixtures are obtained, single isomers may be separated using conventional methods such as chromatography or crystallization.
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the invention and various preferred embodiments.
EXAMPLES
Chemistry:
In obtaining the compounds described in the examples below and the corresponding analytical data, the following experimental and analytical protocols were followed unless otherwise indicated.
Unless otherwise stated, reaction mixtures were magnetically stirred at room temperature (rt) under a nitrogen atmosphere. Where solutions were "dried," they were generally dried over a drying agent such as Na2SO4 or MgSO4. Where mixtures, solutions, and extracts were "concentrated", they were typically concentrated on a rotary evaporator under reduced pressure.
Reactions under microwave irradiation conditions were carried out in a Biotage Initiator or CEM Discover instrument.
Normal-phase flash column chromatography (FCC) was performed on silica gel (S1O2) using prepackaged cartridges, eluting with the indicated solvents. Preparative reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was performed on a Gilson HPLC with an Xterra Prep RP18 or an XBridge C18 OBD (5 μητι, 30 x 100 mm, or 50 X 150 mm) column, and a gradient of 10 to 99% acetonitrile/water (20 mM NH4OH) over 12 to 18 min, and a flow rate of 30 mL/min. Mass spectra (MS) were obtained on an Agilent series 1 100 MSD using electrospray ionization (ESI) in positive mode unless otherwise indicated. Calculated (calcd.) mass corresponds to the exact mass. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were obtained on Bruker model DRX spectrometers. The format of the 1H NMR data below is: chemical shift in ppm downfield of the tetramethylsilane reference (multiplicity, coupling constant J in Hz, integration).
Chemical names were generated using ChemDraw Ultra 6.0.2
(CambridgeSoft Corp., Cambridge, MA) or ACD/Name Version 9 (Advanced Chemistry Development, Toronto, Ontario, Canada).
Intermediate 1 : 5-Fluoro-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000046_0001
5-Fluoro-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid. To a solution of 5-fluoro-2- iodo-benzoic acid (3.86 g, 14.65 mmol), 2H-[1 ,2,3]triazole (2.5 g, 36.2 mmol), CS2CO3 (8.62 g, 24.5 mmol), trans-N, N'-dimethyl-cyclohexane-1 ,2-diamine (0.4 ml_), Cul (244 mg) and DMF (13 ml_) were added to a microwave ready vessel and heated to 100 °C for 10 min. The mixture was cooled, diluted with water, and extracted with EtOAc. The aqueous layer was acidified and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated.
Chromatography (DCM to 10% MeOH/1 % HOAc/DCM) gave the product as a white powder (2.14 g, 71 %). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 7.91 (s, 2H), 7.76 (dd, J = 8.9, 4.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.59 (dd, J = 8.5, 2.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.49 - 7.42 (m, 1 H).
Intermediates 2-12 were prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 1 .
Intermediate 2: 2-[1 ,2,3]Triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000047_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 1 , substituting 2-iodobenzoic acid for 5-fluoro-2-iodo-benzoic acid. Two products were formed in this reaction, 2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid and 2- [1 ,2,3]triazol-1 -yl-benzoic acid, as a result of the tautomeric forms of 1 ,2,3- triazole. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 7.91 (s, 2H), 7.85 - 7.82 (m, 1 H), 7.75 (dd, J = 8.1 , 1 .0 Hz, 1 H), 7.69 (td, J = 7.7, 1 .5 Hz, 1 H), 7.60 - 7.55 (m, 1 H).
Intermediate 3: 2-[1 ,2, 3]Triazol-1 -yl-benzoic acid
Figure imgf000047_0002
The title compound was isolated from the synthesis of Intermediate 2. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 6.70 (d, J = 0.9 Hz, 1 H), 6.50 (dd, J = 7.7, 1 .5 Hz, 1 H), 6.30 (d, J = 1 .0 Hz, 1 H), 6.24.6.18 (m, 1 H), 6.17 -6.1 1 (m, 1 H), 6.01 (dd, J = 7.8, 1 .0 Hz, 1 H). Intermediate 4: 4-Fluoro-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000048_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 1 , substituting for 4-fluoro-2-iodo-benzoic acid for 5-fluoro-2-iodo-benzoic acid in Step A. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 7.93 (s, 2H), 7.88 (dd, J = 8.7, 5.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.56 (dd, J = 9.2, 2.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.38-7.30 (m, 1 H).
Intermediate 5: 3-Fluoro-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000048_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 1 , substituting for 3-fluoro-2-iodo-benzoic acid for 5-fluoro-2-iodo-benzoic acid in Step A. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 7.93 (s, 2H), 7.81 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1 H), 7.63-7.58 (m, 1 H), 7.29 (td, J = 8.9, 0.9 Hz, 1 H).
Intermediate 6: 4-Chloro-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000048_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 1 , substituting 4-chloro-2-iodo-benzoic acid for 5-fluoro-2-iodo-benzoic acid in Step A. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 7.93 (s, 2H), 7.84 - 7.78 (m, 2H), 7.59 (dd, J = 8.3, 2.1 Hz, 1 H).
Intermediate 7: 5-lodo-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000049_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 1 , substituting 2-bromo-5-iodobenzoic acid for 5-fluoro-2-iodo-benzoic acid in Step A. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 8.09 (d, J = 2.0, 1 H), 8.03 - 7.97 (m, 7.95 - 7.86 (m, 3H), 7.53 (d, J =8.4, 1 H).
Intermediate 8: 5-Methyl-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000049_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 1 , substituting for 2-iodo-5-methyl benzoic acid for 5-fluoro-2-iodo-benzoic acid in Step A. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 7.87 (s 2H), 7.66 (d, J = 1 .3 Hz, 1 H), 7.59 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1 H), 7.53 - 7.46 (m, 1 H), 2.45 (s, 3H).
Intermediate 9: 5-Chloro-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000049_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 1 , substituting 5-chloro-2-iodo-benzoic acid for 5-fluoro-2-iodo-benzoic acid in Step A. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 7.91 (s, 2H), 7.82 - 7.74 (m, 2H), 7.71 - 7.66 (m, 1 H). Intermediate 10: 5-Methoxy-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000050_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 1 , substituting for 2-iodo-5-methoxy benzoic acid for 5-fluoro-2-iodo-benzoic acid in Step A. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 7.81 (s, J = 6.4, 2H), 7.55 (d, J = 8.8, 1 H), 7.33 (d, J = 2.9, 1 H), 7.18 (dd, J = 8.8, 2.9, 1 H), 3.85 (s, 3H).
Intermediate 1 1 : 2-Methyl-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000050_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 1 , substituting for 2-iodo-6-methyl benzoic acid for 5-fluoro-2-iodo-benzoic acid in Step A. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 7.89 (s, 2H), 7.72 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1 H), 7.48 (t, J = 7.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.36 (d, J = 7.7 Hz, 1 H), 2.46 (s, 3H).
Int rmediate 12: 2-Fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000050_0003
Method A: The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 1 , substituting 2-fluoro-6-iodo-benzoic acid for 5-fluoro-2-iodo- benzoic acid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 7.96 (s, 2H), 7.87 - 7.82 (m, 1 H), 7.70 (td, J = 8.1 , 5.1 Hz, 1 H), 7.59 (ddd, J = 9.7, 8.4, 1 .4 Hz, 1 H). Method B: 2-Fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid. To a 2 L, 3- necked, round-bottomed flask equipped with an overhead mechanical stirrer, thermocouple probe, heating mantle, reflux condenser, and nitrogen inlet were added 2-fluoro-6-iodobenzoic acid (127.6 g, 480 mmol), copper iodide (4.57 g, 24 mmol), and CS2CO3 (312.6 g, 959 mmol). To these solids were added dioxane (640 mL), then water (2.6 mL, 144 mmol), then 1 H-1 ,2,3-triazole (55.6 mL, 959 mmol), and finally frans-1 ,2-dimethylcyclohexane-1 ,2-diamine (15.1 mL, 96 mmol). The mixture was then warmed to 60 °C for 30 min, then to 83 °C for 30 min, and then to 100 °C for 3 h. After the 3 h at 100 °C, the mixture was cooled and then 1 L of MTBE and 1 L of water were added. After vigorous mixing, the layers were separated and the bottom aqueous layer was acidified to pH 1 .72 with -148 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid. The aqueous was then extracted twice with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated to provide a dark oil. The oil was stirred overnight in EtOAc (450 mL) and the resulting precipitate was removed by filtration. The mother-liquors were concentrated to a brown solid (106.21 g, 75 wt% by quantitative HPLC, 79.7 g, 80%). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): 8.22 - 8.13 (bs, 2H), 7.84-7.80 (m, 1 H), 7.74 - 7.65 (m, 1 H), 7.50 - 7.41 (m, 1 H).
Int rmediate 13: 5-Fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000051_0001
Step A: 5-Fluoro-2-iodo-benzoic acid methyl ester. To a 500 mL round- bottomed flask was added 5-fluoro-2-iodo-benzoic acid (23 g, 86.5 mmol) in methanol (230 mL). To the resulting solution was added cone, sulfuric acid (2.3 mL, 43.2 mmol). The reaction mixture was warmed to 65 °C and stirred for 15 h. The resulting mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to give crude producte which was then was partitioned between EtOAc (250 mL) and a half sat. Na2CO3(ac?) solution (250 mL). The layers were thoroughly mixed and then separated. The organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a yellow oil (23 g, 95% yield). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.94 (dd, J = 8.7, 5.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.54 (dd, J = 9.0, 3.1 Hz, 1 H), 6.93 (m, 1 H), 3.94 (s, 3H).
Step B: 5-Fluoro-2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-[1 ,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)-benzoic acid methyl ester. To a 1 L round-bottomed flask equipped with a reflux condenser, temperature probe, and nitrogen line, was added 5-fluoro-2-iodo- benzoic acid methyl ester (23 g, 82 mmol) in anhydrous THF (250 mL).
Anhydrous triethylamine (34 mL, 246.4 mmol) was added and the resulting mixture was degassed with a nitrogen sparge for 5 minutes. Pinacol borane (17.9 mL, 123.2 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was degassed once more for 5 minutes. Lastly, tri(o-tolyl)phosphine (1 .25 g, 4.1 mmol) and palladium acetate (461 mg, 2.053 mmol) were added. Again, the reaction mixture was degassed with a nitrogen sparge. The mixture was heated to 65 °C and stirred for 1 h. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was quenched with half sat. ammonium chloride solution (250 mL), and the resulting layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with additional ethyl acetate (250 mL) and the combined organics were dried over magnesium sulfate. After filtration and concentration, the crude product was obtained as a yellow oil (23 g). The crude product was then slurried in 25% EtOAc /hexanes (250 mL). The resulting solids were not desired product and were removed by filtration. The resulting solution was then concentrated to a yellow oil (21 g, 75 wt% desired, 16.1 g actual product, 70% yield), which was used directly in the next step. By 1H-NMR, the crude product was also found to contain 14 wt% pinacol, 6.5 wt% ligand, and 4 wt% des-iodo starting material. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.61 (dd, J = 9.5, 2.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.52 - 7.45 (m, 1 H), 7.21 (td, J = 8.3, 2.5 Hz, 1 H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 1 .41 (s, 12H).
Step C: 5-Fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzoic acid methyl ester. To a 250 mL round-bottomed flask, was added 5-fluoro-2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl- [1 ,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)-benzoic acid methyl ester (5.9 g, 21 .06 mmol) in 2- methyl-THF (50 mL). To the resulting solution was added 2-chloropyrimidine (2.9 g, 25.28 mmol), sodium carbonate (6.7 g, 63.19 mmol), and water (17 mL). The mixture was degassed for 30 minutes. PdCl2(dppf)-dcm adduct (CAS#72287-26-4) (0.688 g, 0.843 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was degassed once more for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was warmed to 74 °C and stirred overnight. To the resulting solution was added diethyl ether (100 ml_) and water (100 ml_). The layers were thoroughly mixed then separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with additional diethyl ether (100 ml_). The combined organics were dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to a brown crude material (5.85 g, 49% desired, 2.87 actual product). The crude product was further purified through recrystallization in 10% EtOAc /hexanes. The mixture was warmed to 70 °C and cooled slowly to room temperature. After filtration, the desired product was obtained as a brown solid (1 .72 g actual product, 35% yield overall after recrystallization.) 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.78 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 2H), 8.09 (dd, J = 8.7, 5.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.39 (dd, J = 8.6, 2.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.30 - 7.20 (m, 2H), 3.77 (s, 3H).
Step D: 5-Fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzoic acid. To a solution of 5-fluoro-
2-pyrimidin-2-ylbenzoic acid methyl ester (1 .72 g, 7.407 mmol) in 2-methyl-THF (20 mL) was added sodium hydroxide (0.74 g, 18.517 mmol) and water (20 ml_). The mixture was heated to 72 °C and stirred for 2 h. The layers were separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with additional MTBE. A 50% HCI(aq) solution was then dripped into the aqueous layer until a pH of 1 was reached. The resulting solids were filtered to provide the desired product as an off-white solid (1 .34 g, 83% yield). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 8.82 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 2H), 7.89 (dd, J = 8.6, 5.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.53 (dd, J = 9.0, 2.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.39 (m, 2H).
Int rmediate 14: 2-Fluoro-6-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000053_0001
Step A: 2-Fluoro-6-iodo-benzoic acid methyl ester. To a 200 mL round- bottomed flask were added 2-fluoro-6-iodo-benzoic acid (7.5 g, 28.2 mmol), ϋΟΗ·Η2Ο (1 .42 g, 33.8 mmol), and THF (100 mL). The resulting mixture was warmed to 50 °C and stirred for 2 h. Dimethyl sulfate (4.03 mL, 42.3 mmol) was then added and the mixture was warmed to 65 °C. After 2 h, the mixture was cooled to room temperature and NH CI(ac?) (50 mL, 13 wt% solution) was added. The two resulting layers were thoroughly mixed and then separated. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to a light brown oil (7.79 g, 99% yield). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 7.68 - 7.60 (m, 1 H), 7.15 - 7.06 (m, 2H), 3.98 (s, 3H).
Step B: 2-Fluoro-6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-[1 ,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)- benzoic acid methyl ester. To a 500 mL round-bottomed flask were added 2- fluoro-6-iodo-benzoic acid methyl ester (7.29, 26.0 mmol) and anhydrous THF (150 mL). This mixture was cooled to 0 °C and /'-PrMgCI (13.7 mL, 2 M in THF, 27.3 mmol) was added dropwise. After 10 min, 2-isopropoxy-4,4,5,5- tetramethyl-1 ,3,2-dioxaborolane (5.58 mL, 27.3 mmol) was added. The mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature, and after 30 min NH4CI(aq) (150 mL, 13 wt% solution) was added. The layers were mixed and then separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted with 100 mL of MTBE. The combined organic layers were dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated to a final mass of 6.07 g (90% wt%, 75% yield). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.47 - 7.38 (m, 2H), 7.17 - 7.1 1 (m, 1 H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 1 .36 (s, 12H).
Step C: 2-Fluoro-6-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzoic acid methyl ester. To a 250 mL round-bottomed flask under nitrogen were added 2-fluoro-6-(4,4,5,5- tetramethyl-[1 ,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)-benzoic acid methyl ester (5.46 g, 19.5 mmol) in 2-methyl-THF (50 mL), 2-chloropyrimidine (2.68 g, 23.4 mmol), and sodium carbonate (6.2 g, 58.5 mmol) in water (17 mL). PdCl2(dppf)-dcm adduct (CAS#72287-26-4) (1 .27 g, 1 .56 mmol) was then added and the reaction mixture was warmed to 74 °C and stirred for 2.5 h. After cooling, the mixture was diluted with MTBE (50 mL) and water (80 mL). The layers were thoroughly mixed then separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with additional MTBE (100 mL). The combined organics were dried over
magnesium sulfate, filtered, concentrated and then purified by flash
chromatography (0-25% EA hexanes) to provide the title compound (1 .72 g, 72 wt%, 30% yield). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.79 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 2H), 8.15 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.51 (td, J = 8.1 , 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 7.28-7.20 (m, 2H), 3.92 (s, 3H).
Step D: 2-Fluoro-6-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzoic acid. To a solution of 2-fluoro- 6-pyrinnidin-2-yl-benzoic acid methyl ester (1 .36 g, 5.85 mmol) in 2-methyl-THF (20 mL) was added sodium hydroxide (2 M in water, 9.3 mL, 18.6 mmol). The mixture was heated to 72 °C and stirred for 9 h. The layers were separated and the aqueous layer acified to pH 2 by dropwise addition of 50% HCI(aq) (3.1 mL). The resulting solids were stirred for 1 h, filtered, washed with water, MTBE, and heptanes, and then dried to provide the desired product as a white solid (1 .12 g, 88% yield). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 8.83 (d, J = 4.9 Hz,
2H), 8.03 (dd, J = 7.9, 0.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.59 (td, J = 8.1 , 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 7.40 (t, J = 4.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.34 (ddd, J = 9.4, 8.4, 1 .0 Hz, 1 H).
Intermediate 15: Hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.
Figure imgf000055_0001
Step A. 5-Benzyl-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid tert- butyl ester. To a solution of 2-benzyl-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole (5.62 g, 27.8 mmol) in DCM (100 mL) was added (Boc)2O (6.16 g, 28.2 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred for 24 hours at 23 °C. The solvent was removed in vacuo and the resulting product was used in the next step without further purification. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C18H26N2O2, 302.41 ; m/z found, 303.2 [M+H]+ . 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.36 - 7.20 (m, 5H), 3.61 - 3.46 (m, 4H), 3.24 (br s, 2H), 2.85 - 2.72 (m, 2H), 2.70-2.63 (m, 2H), 2.43 - 2.30 (m, 2H), 1 .50 - 1 .42 (s, 9H).
Step B: Hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester. 5-Benzyl-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (19.85 g, 65.6 mmol), MeOH (200 mL), HOAc (3 mL) and 10% Pd/C Degussa type (400 mg) were charged to a Parr shaker vial and shaken for 3 days at 70 psi hydrogen gas. The resulting material was filtered through Celite® and concentrated. The crude mixture was purified by flash column chromatography (FCC), DCM to 10% MeOH/DCM containing 1 % NH4OH, to afford the product. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C11 H20N2O2, 212.29; m/z found, 213.2 [M+H]+ . 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 3.60-3.55 (m, 2H), 3.38-3.25 (m, 4H), 2.95-2.86 (m, 4H), 1 .47 (s, 9H).
Intermediate 16: (2-Fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-(hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- rrol-2-yl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000056_0001
Method A:
Step A: 5-(2-Fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoyl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester. In a 3-neck round bottom 100 ml_ flask was added toluene (8.5 ml_), aqueous sodium carbonate (1 .42 g in 10.7 mL water), and Intermediate 15 (0.905 mg, 4.26 mmol). The biphasic mixture was cooled to 0 °C. After cooling to 0 °C, 2-fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoyl chloride was poured over the stirring biphasic mixture of amine and aqueous sodium carbonate. An exotherm was observed. The mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature. After 1 h, a sample of the organic layer was quenched into methanol and a small amount of acid chloride was determined to remain (observed as its methyl ester). Additional amine (-50 mg) was added and the mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. At the end of this period, the layers were separated and 100 mL of methanol were added to the organic layer. The organic was concentrated and purified using flash column chromatography (FCC), gradient of 5-50% of a solution of 10% MeOH, 0.1 % NH4OH in DCM/DCM. The desired fractions were combined and concentrated to provide a white foamy solid (1 .327 g, 76.8%). MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2oH2 FN5O3, 401 .44, m/z found 346.2 [M+H-56]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.91 - 7.73 (m, 3H), 7.53 - 7.39 (m, 1 H), 7.18 - 7.06 (m, 1 H), 4.00 - 2.76 (m, 10H), 1 .52 - 1 .33 (m, 9H).
Step B: (2-Fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-(hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2-yl)-methanone. 5-(2-Fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoyl)-hexahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (1 .3 g, 3.21 mmol) was taken up in DCM (6.0 ml_) and TFA (3.0 ml_) was added. The mixture was allowed to stir at rt for 1 hr. Solvent was removed and then taken back up in DCM and basified with 1 N aq. NaOH . The layers were separated. The aqueous was extracted 2 more time with DCM (and a small amount of MeOH). The organics were combined, dried (Na2SO ), filtered, and concentrated to provide the desired free base product, (2-fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)- (hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-methanone, as a viscous/foamy residue that was found to be very hydroscopic (950.6 mg, 93.3%). MS (ESI): mass calculated for Ci5H16FN5O, 301 .32, m/z found 302.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 7.90 - 7.73 (m, 3H), 7.54 - 7.42 (m, 1 H), 7.19 - 7.10 (m, 1 H), 3.85 - 2.65 (m, 10H). Method B:
Step A: 2-Fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid (0.97 g, 4.71 mmol), hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (Intermediate 15, 1 .0 g, 4.71 mmol), HATU (2.68 g, 7.06 mmol), in DMF (18.8 ml_) was added DIEA (2.43 ml_, 14.13 mmol). The mixture was stirred at rt for 1 hr.
The mixture was diluted with EtOAc and washed with water. The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc, the organic layers were combined, dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concentrated to provide the crude product. Purification (FCC) (5-50% of a solution 10% MeOH, 0.1 % NH4OH in DCM/EtOAc over 25 minutes, and 50-100% from 25-35 minutes) provided 5-(2-fluoro-6- [1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoyl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (0.376 g, 19.5%).
Step B: (2-Fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-(hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2-yl)-methanone. The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 16, Method A, Step B.
Intermediate 17: Biphenyl-2-yl-(hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000058_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 16, Method B, substituting biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid for 2-fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2- yl-benzoic acid in Step A.
Intermediate 18: [5-(2-Fluoro-phenyl)-2-methyl-thiazol-4-yl]-(hexahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000058_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 16, Method B, substituting 5-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-2-methyl-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid for 2-fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calculated for Ci7Hi8FN3OS, 331 .41 , m/z found 332.1 [M+1 ]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.54 - 7.45 (m, 1 H), 7.40 - 7.32 (m, 1 H), 7.21 - 7.10 (m, 2H), 3.79 - 3.70 (m, 1 H), 3.61 - 3.50 (m, 2H), 3.22 - 3.13 (m, 1 H), 3.12 - 3.05 (m, 1 H), 3.03 - 2.94 (m, 1 H), 2.85 - 2.45 (m, 8H).
Intermediate 19: (Hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-(5-methyl-2- 1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000058_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 16, Method B, substituting 5-methyl-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid for 2-fluoro-6- [1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C17H19N5O, 297.36, m/z found 298.2 [M+1 ]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.88 - 7.76 (m, 3H), 7.36 - 7.29 (m, 1 H), 7.22 - 7.18 (m, 1 H), 3.81 - 2.59 (m, 10H), 2.42 (s, 3H).
Intermediate 20: 2(Hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-(2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl- henyl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000059_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 16, Method B, substituting 2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid for 2-fluoro-6- [1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C15H17N5O, 283.33, m/z found 284.1 [M+1 ]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.99 (d, J = 8.2, 1 H), 7.55 - 7.51 (m, 1 H), 7.48 - 7.36 (m, 2H), 3.99 - 2.42 (m, 1 1 H).
Intermediate 21 : (5-Fluoro-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-(hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- rrol-2-yl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000059_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 16, Method B, substituting 5-fluoro-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid (Intermediate 97) for 2-fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calculated for Ci5Hi6FN5O, 301 .32, m/z found 302.0 [M+1 ]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.96 (dd, J = 9.0, 4.8, 1 H), 7.85 - 7.74 (m, 2H), 7.25 - 7.17 (m, 1 H), 7.16 - 7.10 (m, 1 H), 3.78 - 2.48 (m, 10H).
Intermediate 22: (4-Fluoro-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-(hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- rrol-2-yl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000060_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 16, Method B, substituting 4-fluoro-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid for 2-fluoro-6- [1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calculated for
Ci5Hi6FN5O, 301 .32, m/z found 302.0 [M+1 ]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.90 - 7.72 (m, 3H), 7.43 - 7.35 (m, 1 H), 7.17 - 7.08 (m, 1 H), 3.81 - 3.62 (m, 2H), 3.39 - 2.56 (m, 8H).
Intermediate 23: 2-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000060_0002
Method A:
Step A: 5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-
2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester. Hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (1 .20 g, 5.6 mmol), 2-chloro-4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidine (1 .03 g, 7.2 mmol), CS2CO3 (2.12 g, 6.5 mmol) and DMF (15 mL) were combined and heated to 100 °C for 24 hours. The reaction was then allowed to cool and water and EtOAc were added. The products were exctracted into EtOAc, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated. The resulting crude mixture was purified by flash column chromatography (EA hex) to give the title compound (1 .27 g, 71 %). MS (ESI) mass calcd. for Ci7H26N4O2, 318.42; m/z found, 319.2 [M+H]+ 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 6.25 (s, 1 H), 3.85-3.75 (m, 2H), 3.69 - 3.46 (m, 4H), 3.38-3.20 (m, 2H), 2.94 (br s, 2H), 2.29 (s, 6H), 1 .44 (s, 9H).
Step B: 2-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole. 5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (0.92 g, 2.9 mmol), DCM (10 mL) and TFA (5 mL) were stirred at 23 °C for 2 h. The mixture was concentrated to remove the volatiles, diluted with EtOAc and 1 N aq. NaOH, and extracted with EtOAc (3X). The organic fractions were dried and concentrated to give the title compound (0.61 g, 96%) that contained a small amount of DCM and was used as is. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for Ci2Hi8N4, 218.30; m/z found, 219.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 6.27 (s, 1 H), 3.81 - 3.70 (m, 2H), 3.55-3.48 (m, 2H), 3.16 - 3.07 (m, 2H), 2.94 - 2.78 (m, 4H), 2.29 (s, 6H).
Method B:
Step A: 2-Benzyl-5-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole. To a 3 L, 3-necked, round-bottomed flask equipped with mechanical stirrer, reflux condenser, temperature probe, and nitrogen inlet, was added 2- benzyl-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole (109 g, 538.8 mmol) in DMF (1 .6 L). To the resulting solution were added 2-chloro-4,6-methylpyrimidine (76.8 g, 538.8 mmol) and Cs2CO3 (351 .1 g, 1 .08 mol). The heterogeneous mixture was heated to 100 °C and stirred for 15 h. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (1 .5 L) and water (1 .5 L). The layers were thoroughly mixed and separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with additional ethyl acetate (1 .5 L). The combined organics were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to a brown solid (160 g, 96% yield). MS (ESI) mass calcd. for Ci9H2 N4, 308.20; m/z found 309 [M+H]+. 1H-NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.32 - 7.26 (m, 4H), 7.25 - 7.20 (m, 1 H), 6.27 (s, 1 H), 3.81 - 3.73 (m, 2H), 3.58 (s, 2H), 3.54 (dd, J = 1 1 .4, 3.5 Hz, 2H), 2.95 - 2.86 (m, 2H), 2.80 - 2.68 (m, 2H), 2.47 - 2.40 (m, 2H), 2.35 - 2.24 (s, 6H).
Step B: 2-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole»HOAc. To a 4 L high pressure autoclave equipped with mechanical stirring, temperature probe, heating jacket, and gas inlet were added 5% Pd/C (66.9 g, Johnson Matthey 5R338, 56.8% H2O, 3.45 mol%) and a solution of 2- benzyl-5-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole (160 g, 519 mmol) and acetic acid (30 ml_, 519 mmol) in ethanol (3.2 L). The mixture was stirred at 50 °C under 50 psi of H2(g) for 4 h. The catalyst was removed and the resulting solution was then concentrated under reduced pressure to provide the desired product as a white solid (144 g, quantitative yield) as the HOAc salt. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for Ci2Hi8N4, 218.15; m/z found 219 [M+H]+. 1 H-NMR (CDCIs, 400 MHz): 6.30 (s, 1 H), 3.79 - 3.59 (m, 4H), 3.39 (m, 2H), 3.09 - 2.88 (m, 4H), 2.29 (s, 6H), 1 .93 (s, 3H).
Intermediate 24: [4-(Hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-6-methoxy-pyrimidin-
2-yl]-dimethyl-amine.
Figure imgf000062_0001
Step A: Intermediate 24 was prepared in a manner analogous to
Intermediate 23, Method A, substituting (4-chloro-6-methoxy-pyrimidin-2-yl)- dimethyl-amine for 2-chloro-4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidine in Step A to afford 5-(2- dimethylamino-6-methoxy-pyrimidin-4-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.
Step B: [4-(Hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-6-methoxy-pyrimidin-2- yl]-dimethyl-amine. A mixture of 5-(2-dimethylamino-6-methoxy-pyrimidin-4-yl)- hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (700 mg) and TFA (10 mL) was stirred in dioxane (30 mL) at room temperature for 18h. Then the acid and solvents were removed to yield the crude trifluoro acetic acid salt of the title compound (1 .3 g). The crude was purified by flash column
chromatography (FCC) using 0-10 % MeOH (2 M NH3) and DCM (gradient) to yield pure title compound (155 mg, 30.4 %). MS (ESI) mass calcd. for
C13H21 N5O, 263.34; m/z found 264.1 [M+H]+. The intermediate was used without further purification.
Intermediate 25: [6-(Hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-2-trifluoromethyl- pyrimidin-4-yl]-dimethyl-amine.
Figure imgf000063_0001
Step A: The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 23, Method A, substituting (6-chloro-2-trifluoromethyl-pyrimidin-4- yl)-dimethyl-amine for 2-chloro-4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidine in Step A to afford 5-(6- dimethylamino-2-trifluoromethyl-pyrimidin-4-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole- 2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.
Step B: [6-(Hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-2-trifluoromethyl- pyrimidin-4-yl]-dimethyl-amine. A mixture of 5-(6-dimethylamino-2- trifluoromethyl-pyrimidin-4-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (600 mg) and TFA (10.0 mL) was stirred in dioxane (30.0 mL) at room temperature for 18h. Then the acid and solvents were removed to yield the crude trifluoro acetic acid salt of the title compound (800 mg, 165 %). The crude was purified by flash column chromatography (FCC) using 0-10 % MeOH (2M NH3) and DCM (gradient) to yield pure title compound (260 mg, 53.5 %). MS (ESI) mass calcd. for Ci3Hi8 F3N5, 301 .32; m/z found 302.2 [M+H]+. The intermediate was used as such in the subsequent reactions. henyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole
Figure imgf000063_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 23, Method A, substituting 2-chloro-4-phenyl-pyrimidine for 2-chloro-4,6-dimethyl- pyrimidine in Step A. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C29H26N4O, 266.35; m/z found, 267.2 [M+H]+ . 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 6.78 - 6.70 (m, 1 H), 6.55-6.49 (m, 2H), 5.97 - 5.82 (m, 3H), 5.60 - 5.47 (m, 1 H), 2.30-2.20 (m, 2H), 2.02 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 2.6 Hz, 2H), 1 .58 (br s, 2H), 1 .42 (br s, 2H), 1 .23 (br s, 2H). ntermediate 27: 2-(4-Methyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole
Figure imgf000064_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 23, Method A, substituting 2-chloro-4-methyl-pyrimidine for 2-chloro-4,6-dimethyl- pyrimidine in Step A. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for CnHi6N4, 204.28; m/z found, 205.2 [M+H]+ 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.20 - 8.12 (m, 1 H), 8.16 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1 H), 6.43 - 6.33 (m, 1 H), 6.38 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.81 - 3.69 (m, 2H), 3.52 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 3.2 Hz, 2H), 3.16 (dd, J = 1 1 .1 , 6.5 Hz, 2H), 2.97 - 2.77 (m, 5H), 2.33 (s, 3H). xahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-benzooxazole.
Figure imgf000064_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 23, Method A, substituting 2-chloro-benzooxazole for 2-chloro-4,6-dimethyl- pyrimidine in Step A. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for CnHi6N4, 229.28; m/z found, 230.15 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.43 - 7.33 (m, 1 H), 7.29 - 7.22 (m, 1 H), 7.120-7.13(m, 1 H), 7.05-6.98 (m, 1 H), 3.89 - 3.77 (m, 2H), 3.55 (dd, J = 10.9, 3.2 Hz, 2H), 3.25-3.15(m, 2H), 3.02 - 2.90 (m, 2H), 2.88 - 2.79 (m, 2H).
Int rmediate 29: 2-(Hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-3-methyl-quinoxaline.
Figure imgf000064_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 23 substituting 2-chloro-3-methyl-quinoxaline for 2-chloro-4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidine in Step A. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for Ci5Hi8N4, 254.34; m/z found, 255.2
[M+H]+ 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 7.78 (dd, J = 8.2, 1 .1 Hz, 1 H), 7.73 (dd, J = 8.3, 0.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.59-7.54 (m, 1 H), 7.48-7.43 (m, 1 H), 3.78-3.69 (m, 2H), 3.58 (dd, J = 1 1 .0, 3.1 Hz, 2H), 3.18-3.12 (m, 2H), 2.99-2.90 (m, 2H), 2.81 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 4.0 Hz, 2H), 2.75 (s, 3H).
Intermediate 30: 2-(Hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-3-trifluoromethyl- quinoxaline.
Figure imgf000065_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 23 substituting 2-chloro-3-trifluoromethyl-quinoxaline for 2-chloro-4,6-dimethyl- pyrimidine in Step A. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for Ci5H15F3N4, 308.31 ; m/z found, 309.2 [M+H]+ . 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 8.00 - 7.89 (m, 1 H), 7.83 - 7.70 (m, 2H), 7.60-7.52(m, 1 H), 3.81 -3.73(m, 2H), 3.61 (dd, J = 1 1 .3, 3.0 Hz, 2H), 3.18-3.13 (m, 2H), 2.99 - 2.92 (m, 2H), 2.78 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 4.1 Hz, 2H).
Intermediate 31 : 2-(6-Methyl-2-trifluoromethyl-pyrimidin-4-yl)-octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole
Figure imgf000065_0002
The title compound was was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 23 substituting 4-chloro-6-methyl-2-trifluoromethyl-pyrimidine for 2-chloro-4,6- dimethyl-pyrimidine in Step A. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for Ci2Hi5F3N4, 272.27; m/z found, 273.2 [M+H]+ 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 6.48 (s, 1 H), 3.90 - 3.24 (m, 4H), 3.20-3.10 (m, 2H), 3.00 (br s, 2H), 2.82-2.75 (m, 2H), 2.39 (s, 3 H).
Intermediate 32: 2-(4-Methoxy-pyrimidin-2-yl)-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000066_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 23 substituting 2-chloro-4-methoxy-pyrimidine for 2-chloro-4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calculated for CnHi6N4O, 220.27, m/z found 221 .2 [M+1 ]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 8.00 (d, J = 6.0, 1 H), 6.12 (d, J = 6.0, 1 H), 4.23 (s, 1 H), 3.94 (s, 3H), 3.84 - 3.75 (m, 2H), 3.70 - 3.59 (m, 4H), 3.28 - 3.15 (m, 4H).
Intermediate 33: 2-(4-Trifluoromethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole
Figure imgf000066_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 24, substituting 2-chloro-4-trifluoromethyl-pyrimidine for 2-chloro-4,6-dimethyl- pyrimidine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calculated for CnHi3F3N4, 258.25, m/z found 259.1 [M+1 ]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.52 (d, J = 4.9, 1 H), 6.88 - 6.83 (m, 1 H), 3.94 - 3.54 (m, 6H), 3.29 - 3.1 1 (m, 4H).
Intermediate 34: 2-(3,6-Dimethyl-pyrazin-2-yl)-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole
Figure imgf000066_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 23 substituting 3-chloro-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine for 2-chloro-4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calculated for Ci2Hi8N4, 218.30, m/z found 219.2 [M+1 ]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 10.13 - 9.85 (m, 1 H), 7.89 (s, 1 H), 3.71 - 3.40 (m, 6H), 3.17 (s, 4H), 2.54 (s, 3H), 2.39 (s, 3H). Intermediate 35: 2- Hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-quinoxaline
Figure imgf000067_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 23 substituting 2-chloro-quinoxaline for 2-chloro-4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calculated for Ci4Hi6N4, 240.31 , m/z found 241 .2 [M+1 ]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.39 - 8.34 (m, 1 H), 7.91 - 7.84 (m, 1 H), 7.72 - 7.66 (m, 1 H), 7.60 - 7.53 (m, 1 H), 7.40 - 7.32 (m, 1 H), 3.95 - 3.80 (m, 2H), 3.65 - 3.52 (m, 2H), 3.27 - 3.1 1 (m, 2H), 3.08 - 2.94 (m, 2H), 2.92 - 2.82 (m, 2H).
Intermediate 36: [4-(Hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-6-trifluoromethyl- pyrimidin-2-yl]-dimethyl-amine
Figure imgf000067_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 23 substituting (4-chloro-6-trifluoromethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-dimethyl-amine for 2- chloro-4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calculated for
C3 Hi8F3N5, 301 .32, m/z found 302.1 [M+1 ]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 5.92 (s, 1 H), 3.91 - 3.54 (m, 2H), 3.50 - 3.24 (m, 2H), 3.21 - 3.05 (m, 9H), 2.99 - 2.75 (m, 4H).
Intermediate 37: (Hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-(2-thiophen-2-yl-phenyl)- methanone.
Figure imgf000067_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 16, Method B, substituting 2-thiophen-2-yl-benzoic acid for 2-fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol- 2-yl-benzoic acid in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calculated for Ci7H18N2OS, 298.41 , m/z found 299.1 [M+1 ]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.55 - 7.50 (m, 1 H), 7.48 - 7.31 (m, 4H), 7.22 - 7.1 1 (m, 1 H), 7.08 - 7.03 (m, 1 H), 4.06 - 1 .63 (m, 10H).
Intermediate 38: (2,4-Dimethoxy-phenyl)-(hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)- methanone.
Figure imgf000068_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 16, Method B, substituting 2,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid for 2-fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2- yl-benzoic acid and substituting EDCI for HATU in Step A.
Intermediate 39: 2-(4,6-Dimethoxy-pyrimidin-2-yl)-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000068_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 23 utilizing 2-chloro-4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine and hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol 2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as starting materials.
Intermediate 40: 6-Chloro-2-(hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)- benzothiazole.
Figure imgf000068_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 23 utilizing 2,6-dichloro-benzothiazole and hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as starting materials.
Intermediate 41 : (2,6-Dimethoxy-phenyl)-(hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)- methanone.
Figure imgf000069_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 16, Method B, substituting 2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid for 2-fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2- yl-benzoic acid in Step A. ,6-trimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000069_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 23 substituting 2-chloro-4,5,6-trimethylpyrimidine (Intermediate 56) for 2-chloro- 4,6-dimethylpyrimidine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C24H25FN6O, 232.17; m/z found 233.1 [M+H]+.
Intermediate 43: 6-Fluoro-2-(hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- l)quinazoline.
Figure imgf000069_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 23 substituting 2-chloro-6-fluoroquinazoline for 2-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C24H25FN6O, 258.13; m/z found 259.1 [M+H]+.
Intermediate 44: 6,7-Difluoro-2-(hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- l)quinoxaline.
Figure imgf000070_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 23 substituting 2-chloro-6,7-difluoroquinoxaline for 2-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C24H25FN6O, 276.12; m/z found 277.1 [M+H]+.
Intermediate 45: 2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000070_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 23 substituting 2-chloro-4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine for 2-chloro-4,6- dimethylpyrimidine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calculated for Ci2Hi8N O2, 250.14; m/z found 251 .2 [M+H]+.
Intermediate 46: 2- 5-Nitropyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole
Figure imgf000070_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 23 substituting 2-chloro-5-nitropyrimidine for 2-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C10H13N5O2, 235.1 1 ; m/z found 236.2 [M+H]+. Intermediate 47: Methyl 2-(hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)-4- trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate.
Figure imgf000071_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 23 substituting methyl 2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate for 2- chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calculated for
Ci3Hi5F3N4O2j 316.1 1 ; m/z found 317.2 [M+H]+.
Intermediate 48: (5-(4-Fluorophenyl)-2-methylthiazol-4- l)(hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000071_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 16, Method B, substituting 5-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methylthiazole-4-carboxylic acid for 3-fluoro-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid in the last step. MS (ESI): mass calculated for Ci2Hi8N4, 218.30, m/z found 219.2 [M+1 ]+
Intermediate 49: 2-(Hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)-6-methylpyrimidine- 4-carbonitrile.
N
Figure imgf000071_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 23 substituting methyl 2-chloro-6-methylpyrimidine-4-carbonitrile for 2-chloro-4,6- dimethylpyrimidine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C12H15N5, 229.3; m/z found 230.2 [M+H]+.
Intermediate 50: 3-Fluoro-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000072_0001
Step A: 3-Fluoro-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzonitrile. 2-lodo-3- fluorobenzonitrile (2.5 g, 10.3 mmol) and 2-tributylstannane pyrimidine (3.7g, 10.0 mmol) were combined and dissolved in degassed DME (18 ml) then purged with bubbling N2 for 5 minutes. The reaction was treated with
Pd(PPh3)4 (577 mg, 0.5 mmol) and then purged with bubbling for 5 minutes in a sealed vessel and then heated in microwave at 160 °C for 90 min. The reaction was cooled and filtered through celite and concentrated to minimum volume and the ppt the formed was diluted with hexanes (40 ml) and cooled to 0 °C then filtered. The solid purified (FCC) (20-100% EA / hex) to give 3-fluoro- 2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzonitrile. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.93 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 2H), 8.14 (dd, J = 9.6, 2.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.86 (dd, J = 8.6, 5.3 Hz, 1 H), 7.36 (t, J = 4.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.32 - 7.24 (m, 1 H).
Step B: 3-Fluoro-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzoic acid. 3-Fluoro-2-(pyrimidin-2- yl)benzonitrile (98 mg, 0.5 mmol) was dissolved in MeOH (3 mL) and 2M NaOH (aq, 1 mL). The reaction was heated at reflux for 15 h, then cooled to 23 °C, acidified with 1 N aq. HCI to pH=1 and extracted with EtOAc (2 X). The combined organics were washed with brine and dried over sodium sulfate to give the title compound. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-c/6): 8.89 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.74 (dd, J = 7.6, 1 .2 Hz, 1 H), 7.63 (td, J = 8.0, 5.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.60 - 7.53 (m, 1 H), 7.52 (t, J = 4.9 Hz, 1 H).
Intermediate 51 : 5-Fluoro-2-(1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000073_0001
Step A: Methyl 2-bromo-5-fluorobenzoate (1 .0 g, 4.2 mmol) and (1 H- pyrazol-5-yl)boronic acid (485 mg, 4.6 mmol) were combined and dissolved in degassed DME (15 ml) then treated with NaHCO3 (706 mg, 8.4 mmol) in water and the reaction purged with bubbling N2 for 5 minutes. The reaction was treated with Pd(PPh3)4 (243 mg (0.2 mmol) and then purged with bubbling for 5 minutes in a sealed vessel and then heated to reflux for 2 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to 23 °C, filtered, and solid rinsed with EtOAc. The organic layers were separated, dried and concentrated. Purification via FCC (ethyl acatate/hexanes, 0-30%) afforded methyl 5-fluoro-2-(1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzoate (415 mg, 44%).
Step B: A solution of methyl 5-fluoro-2-(1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzoate (415 mg, 1 .9 mmol) in EtOH (10 ml) was treated with 4.0 eq of LiOH and stirred and monitored for two hours until the reaction was complete. The reaction mixture was then made to pH = 5, and then the solution concentrated under reduced pressure, during which time a ppt formed. The solution was concentrated to minimum volume and cooled in ice, filtered and washed with ice water to give 5-fluoro-2-(1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzoic acid (172 mg, 44%). 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-c/e): 13.03 (s, 1 H), 7.71 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.67 (dd, J = 8.3, 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 7.37 (td, J = 8.6, 2.9 Hz, 2H), 6.44 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1 H).
Intermediate 52: 3-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000073_0002
Step A: 3-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzonitrile and 3-fluoro-2-(1 H- 1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)benzonitrile. A mixture of 2,3-difluorobenzonitrile (4.0 g, 28.8 mmol), 2H-1 ,2,3-triazole (1 .9 g, 28.8 mmol) in DMF (85.0 ml_) and K2CO3 (7.9 g, 57.5 mmol) were heated to 125 °C for 1 .5 h. After cooling to rt, water was added and the mixture extracted with EtOAc (2 X). The combined organics were washed with brine and dried (Na2SO ). Purification via FCC (10-100% EtOAc in hexanes) gave two products. 3-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)benzonitrile (1 .6 g, 29%), 1H NMR (CDCI3): 7.99 (s, J = 6.6 Hz, 2H), 7.67 - 7.63 (m, 1 H), 7.61 - 7.53 (m, 2H), 7.26 (s, 6 H) and 3-fluoro-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol- 1 -yl)benzonitrile (2.0 g, 38%) 1H NMR (CDCI3): 7.97 (dd, J = 4.4, 2.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.95 (d, J = 1 .2 Hz, 1 H), 7.70 (tt, J = 5.7, 2.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.65 (td, J = 8.1 , 4.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.62 - 7.57 (m, 1 H).
Step B: 3-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoic acid. To 3-fluoro-2-(2H-
1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzonitrile (1 .5 g, 8.0 mmol) in MeOH (30 mL) was added 2M aq. NaOH (10 mL). The reaction was heated at reflux for 15h, then cooled to rt, acidified with 1 N aq. HCI to pH=1 and extracted with DCM (2X). The combined organics were washed with brine and dried (Na2SO4). Purification via Agilent (Reverse-Phase HPLC, basic conditions) gave the title compound (290 mg, 18%). 1H NMR (CDCIs): 7.90 (s, 2H), 7.89 - 7.85 (m, 1 H), 7.63 - 7.56 (m, 1 H), 7.50 - 7.44 (m, 1 H) and 3-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoic acid
(Intermediate 53, 140 mg, 8%).
Intermediate 53: 3-Methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000074_0001
The title compound was obtained during the synthesis of Intermediate 52, Step B. 1 H NMR (CDCIs): 7.92 - 7.83 (m, 2H), 7.66 (dd, J = 7.9, 1 .3 Hz, 1 H), 7.61 - 7.54 (m, 1 H), 7.27 (dd, J = 8.4, 1 .2 Hz, 1 H), 3.82 (s, 3H).
Intermediate 54: 4-Methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000075_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 12, substituting 2-bromo-4-methoxybenzoic acid for 5-fluoro-2-iodo-benzoic acid in Step A. Upon purification, two fractions were obtained, one containing pure 4- methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoic acid (1 H NMR (CDCI3): 7.99 - 7.90 (m, 1 H), 7.83 (s, 2H), 7.20 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.03 (dd, J = 8.8, 2.6 Hz, 1 H), 3.89 (s, J = 17.6 Hz, 3H), and the other containing a mixture of 4-methoxy-2- (2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoic acid and 4-methoxy-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)benzoic acid.
Intermediate 55: 2-Chloro-5-fluoro-4-methylpyrimidine.
Figure imgf000075_0002
To a solution of 2,4-dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine (1 .02 g, 6.08 mmol) in
THF/NMP (38 mL/3 ml_) was added Fe(acac)3 (215 mg, 0.61 mmol) and the mixture was cooled to 0 °C. 3.0 M methylmagnesium bromide in Et2O (3.04 ml_, 9.12 mmol) was added dropwise. After 30 min at 0 °C, the reaction was complete and quenched with saturated aqueous NH CI solution. Et2O was added and the layers were separated and the aqueous layer was further extracted with several portions of Et2O. The combined organic extracts were dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatography (Hexanes to 10% EtOAc/Hexanes) gave the desired product as a waxy white solid (430 mg, 48%). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.35 (s, 1 H), 2.55 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 3H).
Intermediate 56: 2-Chloro-4,5,6-trimethylpyrimidine.
Figure imgf000076_0001
To 4,5,6-trimethylpyrimidin-2-ol (3.69 g, 26.7 mmol) was added POCI3 (21 .7 ml_, 26.7 mmol) followed by Et2NPh (2.17 ml_, 13.6 mmol) dropwise. The mixture was heated at reflux for 48 h and then added to ice dropwise. The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc (2x). Extraction was difficult due to a large amount of precipitate. The aqueous layer pH was adjusted to pH 4-5 with 28% NH4OH and was filtered through Celite®. The aqueous layer was then extracted with DCM and the combined organic extracts dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to a yellow solid. Chromatography (FCC) (0 to 30% EtOAc/Hex) afforded 2-chloro-4,5,6-trimethylpyrimidine (4.26 g, 100%).
Intermediate 57: 2-Chloro-4,5-dimethylpyrimidine.
Figure imgf000076_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 55, substituting 2,4-dichloro-5-methylpyrimidine for 2,4-dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C6H7CIN2, 142.03, m/z found 143.1 [M+1 ]+. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.32 - 8.25 (m, 1 H), 2.52 - 2.46 (m, 3H), 2.28 - 2.22 (m, 3H).
Intermediate 58: 2-(5-(2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoyl)hexahydro- ylpyrimidin-4-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate.
Figure imgf000076_0003
To a solution of 2-[5-{[2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl} hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-6-methylpyrimidin-4-ol (1 .02 g, 2.5 mmol) in THF (12 mL) was added 1 .0 M KOtBu in THF (5 mL, 5 mmol) followed by N-phenylbis(trifluoromethanesulfonimide) (0.893 g, 2.5 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight and then diluted with 2 M aq. K2CO3 solution and the layers separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with DCM and the combined organic layers were dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. Chromatography (FCC, Hexanes to 100% EtOAc) afforded the desired product (1 .07 g, 79%) plus a small amount of 2-{[2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-(4-methoxy-6- methylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole (55 mg, 5%) due to residual MeOH in the pyrimidine starting material. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2i H19F4N7O4S, 541 .12, m/z found 542.1 [M+1 ]+.
Intermediate 59: tert-Butyl 5-{[2-(4H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2(1 H)-carboxylate.
Figure imgf000077_0001
To a solution of Intermediate 15 (1 .0 g, 4.73 mmol) in DCM (24 mL) was added 2-(4H-[1 ,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-benzoic acid (895 mg, 4.73 mmol) followed by EDCI (1 .36 g, 7.09 mmol), HOBt (959 mg, 7.09 mmol) and TEA (1 .97 mL, 14.19 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 14 h at room temperature and then washed 2x with saturated aqueous NH CI solution. The organic layer was dried over Na2SO , filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatography (DCM to 8% 2M NH3 in MeOH/DCM) afforded the desired product as a pale yellow foam (1 .36 g, 75%). MS (ESI): mass calculated for C20H25N5O3, 383.45, m/z found 384.1 [M+1 ]+. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 12.62 (s, 1 H), 8.19 - 8.03 (m, 2H), 7.56 - 7.44 (m, 2H), 7.39 - 7.32 (m, 1 H), 3.96 - 2.72 (m, 10H), 1 .53 - 1 .35 (m, 9H).
Intermediate 60: tert-Butyl 5-{[2-(1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-5- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2(1 H)-carboxylate.
Figure imgf000078_0001
To a heterogeneous mixture of NaH (60% dispersion in mineral oil, 80 mg, 2 mmol) in DMF (4 mL) was added Intermediate 59 (641 mg, 1 .67 mmol) in DMF (4 mL). 30 min after gas evolution had ceased methyliodide (0.1 15 mL, 1 .84 mmol) was added dropwise. The mixture was diluted with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic extracts were dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatography (DCM to 8% 2 M NH3 in
MeOH/DCM) afforded two products, tert-butyl 5-{[2-(1 -methyl-1 H-1 , 2,4-triazol- 5-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2(1 H)-carboxylate (120 mg, 18%) and tert-butyl 5-{[2-(1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2(1 H)-carboxylate (454 mg, 68%) due to the tautomeric nature of the 1 ,2,4-triazole moiety. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C21 H27N5O3, 397.21 , m/z found 398.2 [M+1 ]+. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.90 (s, 1 H), 7.61 - 7.41 (m, 4H), 3.83 (s, 3H), 3.74 - 3.36 (m, 5H), 3.29 - 3.12 (m, 3H), 2.88 - 2.75 (m, 2H), 1 .47 (s, 9H).
Intermediate 61 : tert-Butyl 5-{[2-(1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2(1 H)-carboxylate.
Figure imgf000078_0002
The title compound was isolated from the synthesis of Intermediate 60. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C21 H27N5O3, 397.21 , m/z found 398.2 [M+1 ]+. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.15 - 8.07 (m, 1 H), 8.03 (s, 1 H), 7.49 - 7.40 (m, 2H), 7.37 - 7.29 (m, 1 H), 3.97 - 3.86 (m, 3H), 3.86 - 3.27 (m, 6H), 3.18 - 2.73 (m, 4H), 1 .54 - 1 .36 (m, 9H). Intermediate 62: tert-Butyl 5-{[2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2(1 H)-carboxylate.
Figure imgf000079_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 59 substituting 2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)benzoic acid for 2-(4H-
[1 ,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C2i H26N O , 398.20; m/z found, 399.2. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.12 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.63 (td, J = 7.6 Hz, 1 .2 Hz, 1 H), 7.55 (td, J = 7.7 Hz, 1 .3 Hz, 1 H), 7.42 (d, J = 7.5 Hz, 1 H), 3.97 - 3.86 (m, 1 H), 3.76 - 3.61 (m, 2H), 3.56 - 3.33 (m, 3H), 3.29 - 3.15 (m, 1 H), 3.08 - 2.93 (m, 2H), 2.90 - 2.82 (m, 1 H), 2.45 (s, 3H), 1 .51 - 1 .41 (m, 9H).
Intermediate 63: 3-Fluoro-2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000079_0002
Method A:
Step A: 2-Fluoro-6-(methoxycarbonyl)benzoic acid. 3-Fluorophthalic anhydride (377 mg, 2.27 mmol) was dissolved in MeOH (6 mL) and heated to reflux for 15 h. The mixture was concentrated in vacuo and the two products (400 mg, 89%), 2-fluoro-6-(methoxycarbonyl)benzoic acid and 3-fluoro-2- (methoxycarbonyl)benzoic acid, were taken on to the next step without purification.
Step B: (Z)-Methyl 2-((((1 -aminoethylidene)amino)oxy)carbonyl)-3- fluorobenzoate. To a heterogeneous mixture of the two acids from step A (400 mg, 2 mmol) at 0 °C in DCM (5 mL) was added oxalyl chloride (0.244 mL, 2.32 mmol) followed by DMF (0.05 mL). Gas evolution commenced immediately and after 5 min the ice bath was removed. When gas evolution had ceased and the mixture was homogeneous an aliquot was removed and quenched with MeOH. Formation of the methyl ester was confirmed by HPLC and the mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The viscous liquid was dissolved in fresh DCM (5 mL) and treated with solid N-hydroxyacetamidine (165 mg, 2.22 mmol) in several portions followed by TEA (0.351 mL, 2.52 mmol). After stirring for 14 h at ambient temperature the mixture was concentrated in vacuo.
Chromatography (Hex to 100% EtOAc/Hex) afforded two products (477 mg, 94%), (Z)-methyl 2-((((1 -aminoethylidene)amino)oxy)carbonyl)-3- fluorobenzoate and (Z)-methyl 2-((((1 -aminoethylidene)amino)oxy)carbonyl)-6- fluorobenzoate, which were taken on to the next step as a mixture. MS (ESI) mass calculated for Cn Hn FN2O , 254.07; m/z found, 255.0.
Step C: 3-Fluoro-2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)benzoic acid. To the mixture of products from Step B (477 mg, 1 .88 mmol) in t-BuOH (9 mL) was added NaOAc (156 mg, 1 .88 mmol). The mixture was heated at 90 °C for 50 h and then concentrated in vacuo. This resulted in four products. The residue was dissolved in 1 M aq. K2CO3 and extracted with DCM to isolate methyl 2- fluoro-6-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)benzoate and methyl 3-fluoro-2-(3- methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)benzoate along with unreacted (Z)-methyl 2-((((1 - aminoethylidene)amino)oxy)carbonyl)-3-fluorobenzoate. The aqueous layer was then acidified with concentrated HCI and extracted with DCM. The combined organic layers from this extraction were dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The acid isomers were purified on a Prep Agilent system with a XBridge Ci8 OBD 50x100 mm column eluting with 5 to 99% 0.05% NH4OH in H2O/ACN over 17 min to afford the desired product (63 mg, 15%) as a white solid after acidification with 1 M aq. HCI in Et2O. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C10H7FN2O3, 222.04; m/z found, 223.0.
Method B:
Step A: (Z)-N'-((2-Fluoro-6-iodobenzoyl)oxy)acetimidamide. To a heterogeneous mixture of 2-fluoro-6-iodobenzoic acid (1 .51 g, 5.66 mmol) at 0 °C in DCM (28 mL) was added oxalyl chloride (0.635 mL, 7.36 mmol) followed by DMF (0.15 mL). Gas evolution commenced immediately and after 5 min the ice bath was removed. When gas evolution had ceased and the mixture was homogeneous an aliquot was removed and quenched with MeOH. Formation of the methyl ester was confirmed by HPLC and the mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The viscous liquid was dissolved in fresh DCM (28 ml_) and treated with solid N-hydroxyacetamidine (503 mg, 6.79 mmol) in several portions followed by TEA (1 .2 ml_, 8.49 mmol) at 0 °C. After stirring for 14 h at ambient temperature the mixture was washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 solution. The combined organic extracts were dried over Na2SO4, filtered and
concentrated in vacuo. Chromatography (Hex to 100% EtOAc/Hex) afforded the desired product as a colorless oil (1 .57 g, 86%). MS (ESI) mass calculated for C9H8FIN2O2, 321 .96; m/z found, 323.0. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.70 - 7.65 (m, 1 H), 7.15 - 7.1 1 (m, 2H), 4.87 (br s, 2H), 2.06 (s, 3H).
Step B: 5-(2-Fluoro-6-iodophenyl)-3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazole. To a heterogeneous mixture of the product of Step A in t-BuOH (24 ml_) was added NaOAc(603 mg, 7.27 mmol) in H2O (0.9 ml_). The mixture was then heated to 1 10 °C for 12 days. The reaction was concentrated in vacuo and then dissolved in toluene. The toluene was then filtered to remove NaOAc and then concentrated in vacuo. Chromatography (Hex to 40% EtOAc/Hex) afforded the desired product as a colorless oil (1 .21 g, 82%). MS (ESI) mass calculated for C9H6FIN2O, 303.95; m/z found, 304.9. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.82 - 7.77 (m, 1 H), 7.29 - 7.20 (m, 2H), 2.55 (s, 3H).
Step C: 3-Fluoro-2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)benzoic acid. To THF (15 ml_) was added 2 M i-PrMgCI in THF (2.2 ml_, 4.47 mmol). This mixture was cooled to -78 °C and the product of Step B (1 .09 g, 3.58 mmol) was added dropwise in THF (20 ml_). The mixture was stirred for 30 min at -78 °C and then CO2 from a lecture bottle was bubbled into the solution for 3 h while allowing the temperature to slowly rise. When the temperature reached -20 °C the dry ice bath was replaced with an ice bath, bubbling of CO2 was ceased and the mixture was allowed to come to room temperature overnight. The mixture was quenched by the addition of H2O and a small amount of Et2O. The organic layer was washed 2x with 2N aq. NaOH and the combined aqueous layers were then washed 3x with Et2O. The aqueous layer was then acidified with concentrated HCI and extracted with DCM. The combined organic layers were dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the desired product as a white solid (661 mg, 83%). MS (ESI) mass calculated for CioH7FN2O3, 222.04; m/z found, 223.0. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.96 (d, J = 7.8, 1 H), 7.72 - 7.64 (m, 1 H), 7.50 - 7.44 (m, 1 H), 2.56 - 2.48 (m, 3H).
Intermediate 64: 2-Fluoro-6-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000082_0001
The title compound was isolated from the synthesis of Intermediate 63, Method A. MS (ESI) mass calculated for Ci0H7FN2O3, 222.04; m/z found, 223.0. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.89 (d, J = 7.7, 1 H), 7.65 - 7.59 (m, 1 H), 7.44 - 7.38 (m, 1 H), 2.50 (s, 3H).
Intermediate 65: 2,5-Dichloro-4-methylpyrimidine.
Figure imgf000082_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 55, substituting 2,4,5-trichloropyrimidine for 2,4-dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.47 (s, 1 H), 2.61 (s, 3H).
Intermediate 66: 2,5-Dichloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine.
Figure imgf000082_0003
To 5-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-ol (992 mg, 6.26 mmol) was added POCI3 (2.22 ml_, 23.77 mmol) followed by Et2NPh (0.75 ml_, 4.69 mmol) dropwise. The mixture was heated at 125°C for 2 h. At approximately 2 h the reaction became homogeneous and was checked by HPLC and it showed all starting material had been consumed. The mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature and was then added dropwise to ice. After the ice had melted there was a white solid in a pink liquid. The aqueous layer was extracted with DCM and the combined organic layers were dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatography (Hex to 10% EtOAc/Hex) afforded the desired product as a white solid (915 mg, 83%). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 2.57 (s, 6H).
Intermediate 67: 2-Chloro-5-ethyl-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine.
Figure imgf000083_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 56, substituting 5-ethyl-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-ol for 4,5,6-trimethylpyrimidin-2-ol. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C8HiiCIN2, 170.06, m/z found 171 .1 [M+1]+. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 2.65 (q, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.50 (s, 6H), 1 .15 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 3H).
Intermediate 68: (3-(2H-1 ,2,3-Triazol-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl)(hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000083_0002
Step A: tert-Butyl 5-(3-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)picolinoyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2(1 H)-carboxylate. tert-Butyl 5-(3- (2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)picolinoyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2(1 H)- carboxylate was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 59 substituting 3-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (Intermediate 72) for 2-(4H-[1 ,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calculated for
Ci9H2 N6O3, 384.19; m/z found, 385.1 . Step B: (3-(2H-1 ,2,3-Triazol-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl)(hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone. tert-Butyl 5-(3-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)picolinoyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2(1 H)-carboxylate (491 mg, 1 .28 mmol) in DCM (6 ml_) was added TFA (3 ml_). After stirring for 2 h at room temperature the reaction was complete and concentrated in vacuo. The TFA salt was purified on a Prep Agilent system with a XBridge Cis OBD 50X100 mm column eluting with 5 to 99% 0.05% NH4OH in H2O/ACN over 17 min to afford (3-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl)(hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl)methanone as a white solid (306 mg, 84%). MS (ESI) mass calculated for Ci4Hi6N6O, 284.14; m/z found, 285.0.
Intermediate 69: 2-Chloro-5-fluoro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine.
Figure imgf000084_0001
Step A: 5-Fluoropyrimidine-2,4,6-triol. To a heterogeneous mixture of urea (641 mg, 10.67 mmol) and diethylfluoromalonate (1 .96 g, 10.67 mmol) in EtOH (1 1 ml_) was added 2.68 M NaOEt in EtOH (7.96 ml_, 21 .34 mmol). The mixture was heated at reflux for 60 h and then allowed to cool to room temperature. The mixture was filtered and the cake was then dissolved in warm water and the resulting solution was acidified with concentrated HCI to pH 2. The mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature and then cooled in an ice bath before filtering. The cake was washed with water and dried to afford 5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4,6-triol as a slightly off white solid (1 .45 g, 93%).
Step B: 2,4,6-Trichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine. To POCI3 (4.49 ml_, 48.15 mmol) was added 5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4,6-triol (1 .41 g, 9.63 mmol) in several portions. There was a 2 °C increase in temperature. The N,N-dimethylaniline (1 .23 ml_, 9.73 mmol) was then added dropwise and the mixture heated at 1 10 °C for 24 h. The reaction mixture was allowed to cool only briefly and then was quenched by dropwise addition onto ice. When the ice was melted the aqueous layer was extracted several times with Et2O. The combined organic extracts were dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to a yellow solid after storing in the refrigerator overnight. This material was not purified further, but taken on to the next step without further purification.
Step C: 2-Chloro-5-fluoro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 55, substituting 2,4,6-trichloro-5- fluoropyrimidine for 2,4-dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCIs): 2.50 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 6H).
Intermediate 70: 6-Methyl-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-nicotinic acid.
Figure imgf000085_0001
6-Methyl-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-nicotinic acid. To a 100 ml round bottom flask containing 2-chloro-6-methylnicotinic acid (3 g, 17.4 mmol), copper iodide (0.16 g, 0.5 mol%), and cesium carbonate (1 1 .4 g, 35 mmol) was added a mixture of dioxane (20 ml_) and H2O (0.1 ml, 5.25 mmol). Next triazole (2.03 ml_, 35 mmol) and finally (R,R)-(-)-N,N'-dimethyl-1 ,2-cyclohexanediamine ligand (0.56 ml_, 3.5 mmol) were added. The resulting clumpy yellow slurry was stirred until evenly dispersed. Upon heating to 100 °C the reaction mixture changed from a yellow slurry to pale green. As heating progressed the slurry became less thick and was stirred more easily. The light green slurry was stirred for 4 hr at 100 °C and left to stir at room temp overnight. At this point the reaction mixture appeared as a cobalt blue slurry which was then diluted with 20 ml_ ether and 20 ml_ H2O. The resulting solution was thoroughly stirred and transferred to a seperatory funnel then the RBF was subsequently rinsed with 20 ml_ ether and H2O each. The aqueous layer was separated from the organic layer and acidified to pH 1 with 6 ml_ cone. HCI. The now brown/ lime green aqueous layer was extracted twice with EtOAc. The bright yellow organic layers were combined and dried with Na2SO4 and then cone, into a yellow powder under reduced pressure. To the yellow powder was added EtOAc to form a yellow slurry. The solids were filtered off and washed with EtOAc to give a very pale yellow powder, which was found by 1H NMR to be the Intermediate 71 (25% yield). The filtrate was cone, into a yellow solid and purified (FCC, 0-5% MeOH in DCM w/ 0.5% AcOH) to give the title product in a 20% yield. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C9H8N4O2, 204.18; m/z found 205.3 [M+H]+ 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 8.21 - 8.18 (m, 1 H), 7.98 (s, 2H), 7.51 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1 H), 2.64 (s, 3H).
Int rmediate 71 : 6-Methyl-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-1 -yl-nicotinic acid.
Figure imgf000086_0001
The title compound was isolated as a byproduct from the procedure used to prepare Intermediate 70 with a 25% yield. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C9H8N4O2, 204.18; m/z found 205.3 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 8.48 (d, J = 1 .1 Hz, 1 H), 8.25 (dd, J = 7.9, 3.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.88 (d, J = 1 .1 Hz, 1 H), 7.54 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1 H), 2.64 (s, 3H).
Intermediate 72: 3-[1 ,2,3]Triazol-2-yl-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid.
Figure imgf000086_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 70 substituting 3-bromo-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid for 2-chloro-6-methylnicotinic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C8H6N4O2, 190.10; m/z found 191 .1
[M+H]+ . 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.77 (d, J = 4.3 Hz, 1 H), 8.26 (dt, J = 6.5, 3.3 Hz, 1 H), 7.88 (s, 2H), 7.65 (dd, J = 8.2, 4.7 Hz, 1 H).
Intermediate 73: 1 -[1 ,2,3]Triazol-2-yl-naphthalene-2-carboxylic acid.
Figure imgf000087_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 70 substituting 1 -bromo-2-napthoic acid for 2-chloro-6-methylnicotinic acid. The title compound was obtained (484 mg, 50%). MS (ESI): mass calculated for Ci3H9N3O2, 239.23; m/z found 240.3 [M+H]+ 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 8.19 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 1 H), 8.09 - 8.03 (m, 4H), 7.70 - 7.66 (m, 1 H), 7.58 (ddd, J = 8.2, 6.9, 1 .2 Hz, 1 H), 7.25 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 1 H).
Intermediate 74: 1 -[1 ,2,3]Triazol-1 -yl-naphthalene-2-carboxylic acid.
Figure imgf000087_0002
The title compound was isolated as a byproduct from the preparation of
Intermediate 73 (25% yield). MS (ESI): mass calculated for C13H9N3O2, 239.23; m/z found 240.3 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 8.33 (d, J = 0.9 Hz, 1 H), 8.24 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 1 H), 8.14 - 8.07 (m, 2H), 8.01 (d, J = 0.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.71 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 1 H), 7.60 (t, J = 7.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.1 1 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1 H).
Intermediate 75: 8-[1 ,2,3]Triazol-2-yl-naphthalene-1 -carboxylic acid.
Figure imgf000087_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 70 substituting 8-bromo-2-napthoic acid for 2-chloro-6-methylnicotinic acid. The desired 8-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-naphthalene-1 -carboxylic acid was obtained
(474mg, 16%). MS (ESI): mass calculated for Ci H9N3O2, 239.20; m/z found 240.3 [M+H]+ . 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 8.13 (t, J = 9.0 Hz, 2H), 7.95 - 7.91 m, 3H), 7.82 (dd, J = 7.4, 1 .0 Hz, 1 H), 7.70 (dd, J = 9.8, 5.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.64 .59 (m, 1 H).
Intermediate 76: 5-[1 ,2,3]Triazol-2-yl-benzo[1 ,3]dioxole-4-carboxylic acid.
Figure imgf000088_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 70 substituting 5-bromobenzo[1 ,3]dioxole-4-carboxylic acid for 2-chloro-6- methylnicotinic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for Ci0H7N3O4, 233.18; m/z found 234.3 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 7.85 (s, 2H), 7.23 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.04 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1 H), 6.16 (s, 2H).
Intermediate 77: 2,3-Dimethoxy-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000088_0002
To a 20 ml microwave vial containing 2-bromo-4,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid (3 g, 1 1 .5 mmol), copper iodide (0.04 g, 0.5 mol%), cesium carbonate (7.5 g, 23 mmol), triazole (1 .33 mL, 23 mmol) and finally (R,R)-(-)-N,N'-dimethyl-1 ,2- cyclohexanediamine ligand (0.36 mL, 2.3 mmol) was added DMF (12 mL). The resulting clumpy yellow slurry was stirred until evenly dispersed then heated to 120°C for 10-20 min using a microwave. At this point the reaction mixture appeared as a blue slurry which was then diluted with 20 mL ether and 20 mL H2O. The resulting solution was thoroughly stirred and transferred to a separatory funnel then the RBF was subsequently rinsed with 20 mL ether and H2O each. The aqueous layer was separated from the organic layer and acidified to pH 1 with 6 mL cone. HCI. The now brown/ lime green aqueous layer was extracted twice with EtOAc. The bright yellow organic layers were combined and dried with Na2SO4 and then cone, into a yellow powder under reduced pressure which was purified by FCC (0-5% MeOH in DCM w/ 0.5% AcOH) to afford 2,3-dimethoxy-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid (60%) and 2,3- dimethoxy-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-1 -yl-benzoic acid (20%). Data for 2,3-dimethoxy-6- [1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid, MS (ESI): mass calculated for CnHnN3O4, 249.23; m/z found 250.3 [M+H]+ 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 7.87 (s, 2H), 7.47 (s, 1 H), 7.18 (s, 1 H), 3.94 (s, 3H), 3.91 (s, 3H).
Intermediate 78: 2,3-Dimethoxy-6-[1 , 2, 3]triazol-1 -yl-benzoic acid
Figure imgf000089_0001
The title compound was isolated from the procedure used to prepare
Intermediate 77 with a 20% yield. MS (ESI): mass calculated for Cn Hn N3O , 249.23; m/z found 250.3 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 8.17 (d, J = 1 .0 Hz, 1 H), 7.82 (d, J = 1 .0 Hz, 1 H), 7.62 (s, 1 H), 7.09 (s, 1 H), 3.95 (s, 3H), 3.91 (s, 3H).
Intermediate 79: 5-Acetylamino-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid
Figure imgf000089_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 70 substituting 5-acetamido-2-bromobenzoic acid for 2-bromo-4,5- dimethoxybenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C H10N4O3, 246.22; m/z found 247.3 [M+H]+ . 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 8.09 (t, J = 2.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.92 - 7.86 (m, 3H), 7.66 (dd, J = 8.7, 3.3 Hz, 1 H), 2.17 (dd, J = 2.5, 1 .3 Hz, 3H).
Intermediate 80: 4-(1 H-1 ,2,3-Triazol-1 -yl)nicotinic acid.
Figure imgf000090_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 70 substituting 4-chloronicotinic acid for 2-chloro-6-methylnicotinic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for Cn Hi0N4O3, 246.22; m/z found 247.3 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 8.09 (t, J = 2.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.92 - 7.86 (m, 3H), 7.66 (dd, J = 8.7, 3.3 Hz, 1 H), 2.17 (dd, J = 2.5, 1 .3 Hz, 3H).
Intermediate 81 : 3-Methyl-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzonitrile.
Figure imgf000090_0002
To a mixture of 2-fluoro-3-methylbenzonitrile (4.0 g, 29.6 mmol) and 2H-1 ,2,3- triazole (2.04 g, 29.6 mmol) in DMF (80 ml_) was added potassium carbonate (8.26 g, 59.2 mmol). The resulting mixture was heated to 120 °C for 2h. The mixture was cooled, diluted with water and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by FCC (S1O2, ethyl acetate/hexanes, gradient 0-50%) to yield the title compound (1 .5 g, 26%). MS (ESI) mass calcd. for Ci0H8N4, 184.2; m/z found, 185.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.95 (s, 2H), 7.66 (d, J = 7.7, 0.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.59 (d, J = 7.8, 0.6 Hz, 1 H), 7.50 (dd, J = 9.8, 5.7 Hz, 1 H), 2.20 (s, 3H). ntermediate 82: 3-Methyl-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoic acid
Figure imgf000091_0001
To a solution of 3-methyl-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzonitrile (1 .4 g, 7.82 mmol) in MeOH (15 mL) was added a 4N aqueous solution of NaOH (10 mL). The resulting mixture was heated to 90 °C. After 15h the reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature then diluted with water (50 mL). The aqueous layer was acidified to pH2 and extracted with EtOAc (50 mL) three times. The organic layers were combined, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by FCC (SiO2, gradient DCM to 10%
MeOH/1 %HOAc/DCM) to yield the title compound (1 .3 g, 78%). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCIs): 7.90 (d, J = 7.7, Hz, 1 H), 7.83 (s, 2H), 7.57 - 7.53 (m, 1 H), 7.49 (dd, J = 9.7, 5.8 Hz, 1 H), 2.10 (s, 3H).
Intermediate 83: 3-Fluoro-2-(1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000091_0002
Method A:
Step A: 2-Bromo-3-fluorobenzonitrile (1 .0 g, 5.0 mmol) and (1 H-pyrazol-
5-yl)boronic acid (647 mg, 4.6 mmol) were combined and dissolved in degassed DME (15 mL) then treated with NaHCO3 (1260 mg, 8.4 mmol) in water and the reaction purged with bubbling N2 for 5 minutes. The reaction was treated with Pd(PPh3) (288 mg, 0.2 mmol) and then purged with bubbling for 5 minutes in a sealed vessel and then heated to reflux for 2 h. The reaction was then cooled to 23 °C filtered and the solids were rinsed with EtOAc and the layers separated. The organic layers were combined, dried and concentrated under reduced pressure. Chromatography (0-30% ethyl acatate / hexanes) afforded 3-fluoro-2-(1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzonitrile (178 mg.19%).
Step B: To 3-fluoro-2-(1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzonitrile in MeOH (3 ml_) was added 2M aq. NaOH (1 ml_). The reaction was heated at reflux for 15h, then cooled to rt, acidified with 1 N aq. HCI to pH=1 and extracted with EtOAc to give (210 mg, 99%) of 3-fluoro-2-(1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzoic acid which was used crude.
Method B:
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to
Intermediate 51 , substituting methyl 2-iodo-3-fluorobenzoate for methyl 2- bromo-5-fluorobenzoate in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calculated for
CIOH7FN2O2j 206.05; m/z found 207.0 [M+1 ]+.
Intermediate 84: 2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-Triazol-1 -yl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinic acid.
Figure imgf000092_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 13, substituting 2-chloro-6-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinic acid for 5-fluoro-2-iodo-benzoic acid in step A, and substituting 1 ,4-dioxane for MeOH as the solvent, with 0.3 eq of water as an additive. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-c/6): 8.64 (s, 1 H), 8.37 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1 H), 8.1 1 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.93 (s, 1 H).
Intermediate 85: 5-Fluoro-2-(1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000092_0002
Step A: Methyl-2-fluoro-bromobenzoate (1 .0 gram, 4.2 mmol) and (1 H- pyrazol-5-yl)boronic acid (485 mg, 4.6 mmol) were combined and dissolved in degassed DME (15 mL) then treated with NaHCO3 (706 mg, 8.4 mmol) in water and the reaction purged with bubbling N2 for 5 minutes. The reaction was treated with Pd(PPh3) (243 mg (0.2 mmol) and then purged with bubbling for 5 minutes in a sealed vessel and then heated to reflux for 2 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to 23 °C, filtered, and the solid was rinsed with EtOAc and the layers separated. The organic layers were combined, dried and
concentrated. Chromatography (ethyl acatate/hexanes, 0-30%) gave methyl 5- fluoro-2-(1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzoate (415 mg, 44%).
Step B: A solution of methyl 5-fluoro-2-(1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzoate (415 mg, 1 .9 mmol) in EtOH (10 mL) was treated with 4.0 eq of LiOH and stirred and monitored for two hours the reaction was complete. Reaction was made to pH = 5, and then the solution concentrated under reduced pressure during which time a ppt formed. The reactions was then concentrated to minimum volume and cooled in ice, then filtered and washed with ice water to give 5-fluoro-2- (1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzoic acid (172 mg, 44% yield). 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-c/6): 13.03 (s, 1 H), 7.71 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.67 (dd, J = 8.3, 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 7.37 (td, J = 8.6, 2.9 Hz, 2H), 6.44 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1 H).
Intermediate 86: 3-Methyl-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000093_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 82, substituting 3-methyl-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)benzonitrile for 3-methyl-2-(2H- 1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzonitrile. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.17 (s, 1 H), 7.94 (s, 1 H), 7.69 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.65 (d, J = 7.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.63 - 7.56 (m, 1 H), 2.06 (s, 3H). ntermediate 87: 4-Fluoro-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000094_0001
Step A: 2-lodo-4-fluorobenzonitrile (2.54 g, 10.3 mmol) and 2- tributylstannane pyrimidine (3.69 g, 10.0 mmol) were dissolved in
domethoxyethane (18 ml_) and treated with tetrakistriphenylphosphine palladium (0) (578 mg, 0.5 mmol) and copper (I) iodide (95 mg, 0.5 mmol). The reaction was then heated to 160 °C for 90 minutes in the microwave. The reaction was cooled, concentrated under reduced pressure. Chromatography (20-100% EA in hexanes) gave the desired product. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 8.93 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 2H), 8.14 (dd, J = 9.6, 2.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.86 (dd, J = 8.6, 5.3 Hz, 1 H), 7.36 (t, J = 4.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.32 - 7.23 (m, 1 H).
Step : 4-Fluoro-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzonitrile (85 mg, 0.4 mmol) was hydrolyzed to the acid in water (1 ml_) by addition of 18 M H2SO (1 ml_). The reaction was heated at 100 °C for 10 min, then cooled to 23 °C, and extracted with EtOAc (3 x 5 ml_). The combined organics were dried (Na2SO4) and concentrated under reduced pressure. This material was used crude in subsequent reactions.
Intermediate 88: 4-Methoxy-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000094_0002
Step A: 4-Methoxy-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzonitrile was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 87. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.93 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 2H), 8.14 (dd, J = 9.6, 2.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.86 (dd, J = 8.6, 5.3 Hz, 1 H), 7.36 (t, J = 4.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.32 - 7.23 (m, 1 H).
Step B: 4-Methoxy -2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzonitrile (85 mg, 0.4 mmol) was dissolved in MeOH (20 ml_) was treated with 2M aq NaOH (15 ml_). The reaction was heated at reflux overnight, the reaction was cooled to room temperature and filtered to remove the solids and washed with cold MeOH. The filtrate was concentrated to minimum volume and then acidified to pH=3 with 6 N aq. HCI and cooled to 0 °C then filtered and washed with cold water. This material was used crude in subsequent reactions.
Intermediate 89: 2-Chloro-4,4,4,5,6,6,6-septadeuteriopyrimidine.
Figure imgf000095_0001
Step A: 1 ,1 ,1 ,3,3,3,5,5-1 Octadeuteriopentane-2,4-dione. To a solution of acetylacetone (10 ml_, 95.1 mmol) in D2O (90 mL) was added K2CO3 (1 .0 g, 7.29 mmol). The mixture was heated at 120 °C overnight. The aqueous layer was extracted with DCM and the combined organic layers were dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to an orange liquid (Frediani et. al., Catalysis Comm. 2, 2001 , 125).
Step B: 2-Deuteriohydroxy-4,4,4,5,6,6,6-septadeuteriopyrimidine. To a solution of 1 ,1 ,1 ,3,3,3,5,5-Octadeuteriopentane-2,4-dione (product of Step A) (1 .60 g, 14.82 mmol) in EtOD (7 mL) was added urea-d4 (0.95 g, 14.82 mmol) followed by 35% wt. DCI in D2O (2 mL, 23.71 mmol). The mixture was heated at 90 °C for 36 h, cooled to room temperature and then chilled in an ice bath before filtration and washing of the white solid with cold EtOD to afford the desired product as the DCI salt (1 .53 g, 61 %).
Step C: 2-Chloro-4,4,4,5,6,6,6-septadeuteriopyrimidine. To 2- deuteriohydroxy-4,4,4,5,6,6,6-septadeuteriopyrimidine (product of Step B) (1 .53 g, 9.04 mmol) was added POCI3 (7.9 mL, 9.04 mmol) and the mixture was heated at reflux for 16 h. The mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature and then added to ice drop wise. The aqueous mixture was neutralized to pH 6 in an ice bath with 5 N NaOH. The aqueous layer was extracted with DCM and the combined organic layers were dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the desired product as a yellow solid (1 .3 g, 96%). (ESI): mass calculated for C6D7CIN2, 149.07; m/z found, 150.1 . Intermediate 90: tert-Butyl 5-{4,6-bis[(2H3)methyl](2H)pyrimidin-2- yl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2(1 H)-carboxylate.
Figure imgf000096_0001
A mixture of Intermediate 15 (294 mg, 1 .38 mmol), Intermediate 89 (207 mg, 1 .38 mmol) and DIPEA (0.48 mL, 2.77 mmol) in ACN (3.5 mL) was heated in the microwave at 150 °C for 2 h. The mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The crude mixture was purified by FCC (Hex to 50% EtOAc/Hex) to afford the title compound (344 mg, 76%). MS (ESI): mass calculated for Ci7Hi9D7N4O2, 325.25; m/z found 326.2 [M+1 ]+. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 3.86 - 3.76 (m, 2H), 3.67 - 3.50 (m, 4H), 3.37 - 3.24 (m, 2H), 2.98 - 2.90 (m, 2H), 1 .44 (s, 9H).
Intermediate 91 : 5-{4,6-Bis[(2H3)methyl](2H)pyrimidin-2- yl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Intermediate 90 (325 mg, 1 mmol), DCM (5 mL) and TFA (1 mL) were stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The mixture was concentrated in vacuo and was used as is. MS (ESI): mass calculated for Ci2H D7N4, 225.25; m/z found 225.2 [M+1]+.
Intermediate 92: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole, bis-HCI salt.
Figure imgf000097_0001
A 150 mL EasyMax reactor was fitted with a mechanical stirrer, a reflux condenser and a temperature probe and 2-chloro-4,6-dimethyl pyrimidine (7.10 g, 49.8 mmol), potassium carbonate (9.77 g, 70.7 mmol), N-boc- 3,7diazabicylco[3.3.0]octane (10.03 g, 47.3 mmol) and 2-propanol (54.2 g) were added. The reaction was slurried at 20 °C for 5 minutes and then the temperature was raised to 80 °C over 30 minutes. The reaction was then stirred at 80 °C for 8 hours, cooled to 20 °C within 30 minutes and allowed to stand overnight. To the resulting mixture was added toluene (15.8 g) and the mixture was stirred at 30 °C for 30 minutes prior to removing all salts by suction filtration. The reactor and filter cake were then washed with toluene (20.2 g) and the resulting filtrates (-1 15 mL) were added to a 150 mL EasyMax reactor held at a temperature of 20 °C. 5-6 N HCI in 2-propanol (25.90 g) was then added dropwise over a 30 minute period. The mixture was then heated to 60 °C over 20 minutes and stirred for 4 hours. After approximately 1 .5 hours crystallization of the product started and the yellowish suspension was then cooled to 0-5 °C and was then stirred for another 1 .5 hours. The product was then isolated via suction filtration and washed with 2-propanol (25.0 g) in two portions. The resulting wet product cake was dried in vacuo at 50 °C overnight then at 70 °C for 4 hours to obtain the title compound (1 1 .52 g, 77%) as an off- white crystalline solid. Purity was assessed by HPLC (99.5%, 99.7%, and 99.5area% (at 254, 235, and 280 nm, respectively). HCI content was determined to be 25.26%.
Intermediate 93: 3-Fluoro-2-(1 H-pyrazol-1 -yl)benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000097_0002
3-Fluoro-2-(1 H-pyrazol-1 -yl)benzoic acid. To a mixture of 3-fluoro-2- iodobenzoic acid (1 .4 g, 5.26 mmol), 1 H-pyrazole (0.72 g, 10.5 mmol), trans- N,N'-dimethyl-cyclohexane-1 ,2-diamine (0.17 mL, 1 .05 mmol), Cul (50.1 mg, 0.26 mmol), dioxane (50 mL) and water (0.028 mL) was added Cs2CO3 (3.43 g, 10.5 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated to 100 °C for 1 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature then diluted with water. The aqueous layer was acidified to pH2 and extracted with EtOAc (30 mL) three times. The organic layers were combined, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. Purification (FCC), (DCM to 10% MeOH/1 %HOAC/DCM) afforded the title compound as a colorless oil (790 mg, 72%). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 7.85 - 7.73 (m, 1 H), 7.54 - 7.44 (m, 1 H), 7.44 - 7.34 (m, 1 H), 6.55 (s, 1 H).
Intermediate 94: 3-Methyl-2-(1 H-pyrazol-1 -yl)benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000098_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 93 substituting 3-methyl-2-iodobenzoic acid for 3-fluoro-2-iodobenzoic acid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.79 (d, J = 7.4 Hz, 2H), 7.48 (d, J = 7.5 Hz, 1 H), 7, (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 1 H), 6.53 (s, 1 H), 2.07 (s, 3H).
Intermediate 95: 2-Fluoro-6-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000098_0002
Step A: 2-Fluoro-6-iodo-benzoic acid methyl ester. To a 200 mL round- bottomed flask were added 2-fluoro-6-iodo-benzoic acid (7.5 g, 28.2 mmol), LiOH»H2O (1 .42 g, 33.8 mmol), and THF (100 mL). The resulting mixture was warmed to 50 °C and stirred for 2 h. Dimethyl sulfate (4.03 mL, 42.3 mmol) was then added and the mixture was warmed to 65 °C. After 2 h, the mixture was cooled to room temperature and NH4CI(aq) (50 mL, 13 wt% solution) was added. The two resulting layers were thoroughly mixed and then separated. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to a light brown oil (7.79 g, 99% yield). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 7.68 - 7.60 (m, 1 H), 7.15 - 7.06 (m, 2H), 3.98 (s, 3H).
Step B: 2-Fluoro-6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-[1 ,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)- benzoic acid methyl ester. To a 500 mL round-bottomed flask were added 2- fluoro-6-iodo-benzoic acid methyl ester (7.29, 26.0 mmol) and anhydrous THF (150 mL). This mixture was cooled to 0 °C and /'-PrMgCI (13.7 mL, 2 M in THF, 27.3 mmol) was added dropwise. After 10 min, 2-isopropoxy-4,4,5,5- tetramethyl-1 ,3,2-dioxaborolane (5.58 mL, 27.3 mmol) was added. The mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature, and after 30 min NH CI(ac?) (150 mL, 13 wt% solution) was added. The layers were mixed and then separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted with 100 mL of MTBE. The combined organic layers were dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated to a final mass of 6.07 g (90% wt%, 75% yield). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.47 - 7.38 (m, 2H), 7.17 - 7.1 1 (m, 1 H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 1 .36 (s, 12H).
Step C: 2-Fluoro-6-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzoic acid methyl ester. To a 250 mL round-bottomed flask under nitrogen were added 2-fluoro-6-(4,4,5,5- tetramethyl-[1 ,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)-benzoic acid methyl ester (5.46 g, 19.5 mmol) in 2-methyl-THF (50 mL), 2-chloropyrimidine (2.68 g, 23.4 mmol), and sodium carbonate (6.2 g, 58.5 mmol) in water (17 mL). PdCI2(dppf)-dcm adduct (CAS#72287-26-4) (1 .27 g, 1 .56 mmol) was then added and the reaction mixture was warmed to 74 °C and stirred for 2.5 h. After cooling, the mixture was diluted with MTBE (50 mL) and water (80 mL). The layers were thoroughly mixed separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with additional MTBE (100 mL). The combined organics were dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, concentrated and then purified by flash chromatography (0-25%
EA/hexanes) to provide the title compound (1 .72 g, 72 wt%, 30% yield). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.79 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 2H), 8.15 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.51 (td, J = 8.1 , 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 7.28-7.20 (m, 2H), 3.92 (s, 3H). Step D: 2-Fluoro-6-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzoic acid. To a solution of 2-fluoro- 6-pyrinnidin-2-yl-benzoic acid methyl ester (1 .36 g, 5.85 mmol) in 2-methyl-THF (20 ml_) was added sodium hydroxide (2 M in water, 9.3 ml_, 18.6 mmol). The mixture was heated to 72 °C and stirred for 9 h. The layers were separated and the aqueous layer acified to pH 2 by dropwise addition of 50% HCI(ac?) (3.1 ml_). The resulting solids were stirred for 1 h, filtered, washed with water, MTBE, and heptanes, and then dried to provide the desired product as a white solid (1 .12 g, 88% yield). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 8.83 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 2H), 8.03 (dd, J = 7.9, 0.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.59 (td, J = 8.1 , 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 7.40 (t, J = 4.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.34 (ddd, J = 9.4, 8.4, 1 .0 Hz, 1 H).
Intermediate 96: 3-Methyl-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)benzonitrile.
Figure imgf000100_0001
The title compound was a byproduct of the synthesis of Intermediate 81 (3.1 g, 56%). MS (ESI) mass calcd. for CioH8N4, 184.2; m/z found, 185.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.94 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 1 H), 7.87 (d, J = 1 .1 Hz, 1 H), 7.71 - 7.67 (m, 1 H), 7.67 - 7.62 (m, 1 H), 7.56 (dd, J = 9.7, 5.8 Hz, 1 H), 2.17 (s, 3H).
Intermediate 97: 5-Fluoro-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid.
Figure imgf000100_0002
5-Fluoro-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid. To a solution of 5-fluoro-2-iodo- benzoic acid (3.86 g, 14.65 mmol), 2H-[1 ,2,3]triazole (2.5 g, 36.2 mmol), CS2CO3 (8.62 g, 24.5 mmol), trans-N, N'-dimethyl-cyclohexane-1 ,2-diamine (0.4 ml_), Cul (244 mg) and DMF (13 ml_) were added to a microwave ready vessel and heated to 100 °C for 10 min. The mixture was cooled, diluted with water, and extracted with EtOAc. The aqueous layer was acidified and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated. The residue was purified by FCC (SiO2, gradient DCM to 10% MeOH/1 %
HOAc/DCM) gave the product as a white powder, (2.14 g, 71 %). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 7.91 (s, 2H), 7.76 (dd, J = 8.9, 4.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.59 (dd, J = 8.5, 2.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.49 - 7.42 (m, 1 H).
Example 1 : 4-[5-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-6-methoxy-N,N- dimethylpyrimidin-2-amine.
Figure imgf000101_0001
A mixture of [4-(Hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-6-methoxy-pyrimidin-2-yl]- dimethyl-amine (60.0 mg, 0.23 mmol), 2-fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid (52.0 mg, 0.25 mmol), HATU (130.0 mg, 0.34 mmol) and DIPEA (0.12 mL, 0.68 mmol) was stirred into DMF (4.0 mL) at room temperature for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (60.0 mL) and washed with water (2 X 100 mL). The organic phase was dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concentrated to dryness to yield crude title compound (354.0 mg, 343 %). The crude product was purified using Agilent HPLC (Basic system) to yield pure title compound (84.0 mg, 81 .5 %). MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H25FN8O2,452.49; m/z found 453.3 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 7.88-7.79 (m, 2H), 7.72 (d, J = 6.7, 1 H), 7.54-7.41 (m, 1 H), 7.19-7.08 (m, 1 H), 5.02-4.92 (m, 1 H), 3.96-3.86 (m, 1 H), 3.87-3.83 (m, 3H), 3.81 -3.50 (m, 5H), 3.43-3.19 (m, 2H), 3.15-3.09 (m, 6H)), 3.09-2.91 (m, 2H).
Example 2: N,N-Dimethyl-6-[5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-amine.
Figure imgf000102_0001
A mixture of [6-(hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-2-trifluoromethyl-pyrimidin- 4-yl]-dimethyl-amine (50 mg, 0.17 mmol), 2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid (34.5 mg, 0.18 mmol), HATU (94.6 mg, 0.25 mmol) and DIPEA (0.09 mL, 0.50 mmol) in DMF (4.0 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (60.0 mL) and washed with water (2 X 100 mL). The organic phase was dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concentrated to dryness. The crude product was purified using Agilent HPLC (Basic system) to yield pure title compound (34.0 mg, 43.4 %). MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H23F3N8O, 472.47; m/z found 473.2 [M+H]+ 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 7.98 (d, J = 8.1 , 1 H), 7.70-7.69 (m, 2H), 7.56-7.49 (m, 1 H), 7.45-7.37 (m, 2H), 5.20- 5.10 (m, 1 H), 3.90-3.66 (m, 4H), 3.60-3.28 (m, 4H), 3.08 (s, 6H), 3.02-2.89 (m, 2H).
Example 3: 6-[5-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-N,N-dimethyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-amine.
Figure imgf000102_0002
A mixture of [6-(hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-2-trifluoromethyl-pyrimidin- 4-yl]-dimethyl-amine (50 mg, 0.17 mmol), 2-fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid (37.8 mg, 0.18 mmol), HATU (94.6 mg, 0.25 mmol) and DIPEA (0.09 mL, 0.50 mmol) in DMF (4.0 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (60.0 mL) and washed with water (2 X 100 mL). The organic phase was dried (Na2SO ), filtered and concentrated to dryness. The crude product was purified using Agilent HPLC (Basic system) to yield pure title compound (19.0 mg, 23.4 %). MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H22F4N8O, 490.46; m/z found [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 7.89-7.79 (m, 2H), 7.74 (s, 1 H), 7.55-7.37 (m, 1 H), 7.21 -7.05 (m, 1 H), 5.25-5.09 (m, 1 H), 4.25-3.51 (m, 6H), 3.50-2.95 (m, 10H).
Example 4: 4-[5-{[5-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-6-methoxy-N,N- dimethylpyrimidin-2-amine.
Figure imgf000103_0001
A mixture of [4-(hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-6-methoxy-pyrimidin-2-yl]- dimethyl-amine (60.0 mg, 0.23 mmol), 5-fluoro-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid (52.0 mg, 0.25 mmol), HATU (130.0 mg, 0.34 mmol) and DIPEA (0.12 mL, 0.68 mmol) was stirred into DMF (4.0 mL) at room temperature for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (60.0 mL) and washed with water (2 X 100 mL). The organic phase was dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concentrated to dryness. The crude product was purified using Agilent HPLC (Basic system) to yield pure title compound (160.0 mg, 54%). MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H25FN8O2, 452.49; m/z found 453.3 [M+H]+ 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 7.95 (dd, J = 9.0, 4.8, 1 H), 7.73 (s, 2H), 7.25-7.17 (m, 1 H), 7.16-7.10 (m, 1 H), 5.00- 4.90 (m, 1 H), 3.92-3.78 (m, 4H), 3.76-3.25 (m, 6H), 3.18-3.07 (m, 6H), 3.05- 2.86 (m, 3H).
Example 5: 4-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyl-6-[5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo-[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]pyrimidin-2-amine.
Figure imgf000103_0002
A mixture of [4-(hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-6-methoxy-pyrimidin-2-yl]- dimethyl-amine (60.0 mg, 0.23 mmol), 2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid (47.4 mg, 0.25 mmol), HATU (130.0 mg, 0.34 mmol) and DIPEA (0.12 mL, 0.68 mmol) was stirred into DMF (4.0 mL) at room temperature for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (60.0 mL) and washed with water (2X 100 mL). The organic phase was dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concentrated to dryness. The crude product was purified using Agilent HPLC (Basic system) to yield pure title compound (47.0 mg, 47.5 %). MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H26N8O2, 434.5; m/z found [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCI3): 7.98 (d, J = 8.1 , 1 H), 7.73 (s, 2H), 7.75 (s, 2H), 7.55-7.47 (m, 1 H), 7.45-7.37 (m, 2H), 5.00- 4.90 (m, 1 H), 3.91 -3.80 (m, 5H), 3.70 (dd, J = 12.5, 3.9, 2H), 3.60-3.29 (m, 4H), 3.19-3.04 (m, 8H).
Example 6: 6-[5-{[4-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-N,N-dimethyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-amine.
Figure imgf000104_0001
A mixture of [6-(hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-2-trifluoromethyl-pyrimidin- 4-yl]-dimethyl-amine (50 mg, 0.17 mmol), 4-fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid (37.8 mg, 0.18 mmol), HATU (94.6 mg, 0.25 mmol) and DIPEA (0.09 mL, 0.50 mmol) in DMF (4.0 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (60.0 mL) and washed with water (2X 100 mL). The organic phase was dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concentrated to dryness. The crude product was purified using Agilent HPLC (Basic system) to yield pure title compound (42.0 mg, 51 .6 %). MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C^^F^sO, 490.46; m/z found [M+H]+ 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 7.90-7.65 (m, 3H), 7.57-7.35 (m, 1 H), 7.18-7.02 (m, 1 H), 5.23-5.05 (m, 1 H), 4.02-3.20 (m, 7H), 3.16-2.84 (m, 9H). Example 7: 4-[5-{[4-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-6-methoxy-N,N- dimethylpyrimidin-2-amine.
Figure imgf000105_0001
A mixture of [4-(hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-6-methoxy-pyrimidin-2-yl]- dimethyl-amine (60.0 mg, 0.23 mmol), 4-fluoro-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid (52.0 mg, 0.25 mmol), HATU (130.0 mg, 0.34 mmol) and DIPEA (0.12 mL, 0.68 mmol) was stirred into DMF (4.0 mL) at room temperature for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (60.0 mL) and washed with water (2X 100 mL). The organic phase was dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concentrated to dryness. The crude product was purified using Agilent HPLC (Basic system) to yield pure title compound (52.0 mg, 50.5 %). MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H25FN8O2, 452.49; m/z found [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 7.83-7.66 (m, 3H), 7.42-7.36 (m, 1 H), 7.16-7.08 (m, 1 H), 5.00-4.89 (m, 1 H), 3.90-3.78 (m, 4H), 3.77-3.19 (m, 6H), 3.17-2.82 (m, 9H).
Example 8: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[3-(1 H-pyrrol-1 -yl)thiophen-2- yl]carbonyl}octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000105_0002
A mixture of 2-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole (60.0 mg, 0.28 mmol), 3-pyrrol-1 -yl-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid (58.4 mg, 0.30 mmol), HATU (156.8 mg, 0.41 mmol) and DIPEA (106.6 mg, 0.83 mmol) was stirred into DMF (5.0 mL) at room temperature for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (60.0 mL) and washed with water (2X 100 mL). The organic phase was dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concentrated to dryness. The crude product was purified using Agilent HPLC (Basic system) to yield pure title compound (79.0 mg, 73%). MS (ESI) mass calcd. for
C21 H23N5OS, 393.51 ; m/z found [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCI3): 7.42-7.39 (m, 1 H), 7.04-7.01 (m, 1 H), 6.85 (t, J = 2.1 , 2H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 6.14 (t, J = 2.1 , 2H), 3.88- 3.73 (m, 2H), 3.66-3.52 (m, 2H), 3.50-3.41 (m, 1 H), 3.32-3.20 (m, 1 H), 3.00- 2.86 (m, 2H), 2.80-2.66 (m, 1 H), 2.60-2.47 (m, 1 H), 2.34-2.25 (m, 6H).
Example 9: 6-[5-{[5-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-N,N-dimethyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-amine.
Figure imgf000106_0001
A mixture of [6-(hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-2-trifluoromethyl-pyrimidin- 4-yl]-dimethyl-amine (50 mg, 0.17 mmol), 5-fluoro-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid (37.8 mg, 0.18 mmol), HATU (94.6 mg, 0.25 mmol) and DIPEA (0.09 mL, 0.50 mmol) in DMF (4.0 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (60.0 mL) and washed with water (2X 100 mL). The organic phase was dried (Na2SO ), filtered and concentrated to dryness. The crude product was purified using Agilent HPLC (Basic system) to yield pure title compound (42.0 mg, 51 .6 %). MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H22F4N8O, 490.46; m/z found [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 7.96 (dd, J = 9.0, 4.8, 1 H), 7.80-7.66 (m, 2H), 7.25-7.18 (m, 1 H), 7.16-7.10 (m, 1 H), 5.22- 5.1 1 (m, 1 H), 3.90-3.30 (m, 8H), 3.13-3.06 (m, 7H), 3.00 (s, 6H).
Example 10: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(1 -phenyl-1 H-pyrazol-5- yl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000107_0001
A mixture of 2-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole (60.0 mg, 0.28 mmol), 2-phenyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid (56.9 mg, 0.30 mmol), HATU (156.8 mg, 0.41 mmol) and DIPEA (106.6 mg, 0.83 mmol) was stirred into DMF (5.0 mL) at room temperature for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (60.0 mL) and washed with water (2X100 mL). The organic phase was dried (Na2SO ), filtered and concentrated to dryness. The crude product was purified using Agilent HPLC (Basic system) to yield pure title compound (79.0 mg, 74 %). MS (ESI) mass calcd. for
C22H2 N6O, 388.47; m/z found 389.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 7.67 (d, J = 1 .7, 1 H), 7.50 (d, J = 7.4, 2H), 7.37 (t, J = 7.8, 2H), 7.29-7.23 (m, 1 H), 6.56 (d, J = 1 .7, 1 H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 3.86-3.71 (m, 2H), 3.70-3.51 (m, 2H), 3.43-3.22 (m, 3H), 3.05-2.77 (m, 3H), 2.29 (s, 6H).
Example 1 1 : 8-{[5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl]carbonyl}-quinoline.
Figure imgf000107_0002
A mixture of 2-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole (60.0 mg, 0.28 mmol), quinoline-8-carboxylic acid (52.4 mg, 0.30 mmol), HATU (156.8 mg, 0.41 mmol) and DIPEA (106.6 mg, 0.83 mmol) was stirred into DMF (5.0 mL) at room temperature for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (60.0 mL) and washed with water (2X100 mL). The organic phase was dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concentrated to dryness. The crude product was purified using Agilent HPLC (Basic system) to yield pure title compound (68.0 mg, 66.2 %). MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H23N5O, 373.46; m/z found 374.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 8.95 (s, 1 H), 8.16 (d, J = 7.9, 1 H), 7.89-7.79 (m, 1 H), 7.69 (d, J = 6.8, 1 H), 7.61 -7.49 (m, 1 H), 7.41 (s, 1 H), 6.26 (d, J = 19.1 , 1 H), 4.29-4.03 (m, 1 H), 3.96-3.59 (m, 4H), 3.65-3.29 (m,
2.84 (m, 3H), 2.37-2.18 (m, 6H).
Example 12: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(3-phenylthiophen-2- yl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000108_0001
A mixture of 2-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole (60.0 mg, 0.28 mmol), 3-phenyl-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid (61 .8 mg, 0.30 mmol), HATU (156.8 mg, 0.41 mmol) and DIPEA (107.0 mg, 0.83 mmol) was stirred into DMF (5.0 mL) at room temperature for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (60.0 mL) and washed with water (2X100 mL). The organic phase was dried (Na2SO ), filtered and concentrated to dryness. The crude product was purified using Agilent HPLC (Basic system) to yield pure title compound (30.0 mg, 27.0 %). MS (ESI) mass calcd. for
C23H2 N4OS, 404.54; m/z found 405.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCI3): 7.45-7.41 (m, 2H), 7.39-(d, J = 5.1 , 1 H), 7.34-7.27 (m, 2H), 7.18-7.14 (m, 1 H), 7.13 (d, J =
5.0, 1 H), 6.28 (s, 1 H), 3.88-3.66 (m, 2H), 3.61 -3.49 (m, 2H), 3.30 (dd, J = 1 1 .5,
5.1 , 1 H), 3.19-3.04 (m, 2H), 2.92-2.78 (m, 1 H), 2.75-2.61 (m, 2H), 2.37-2.22 (m, 6H).
Example 13: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(3-phenylfuran-2- yl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000108_0002
A mixture of 2-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole (60.0 mg, 0.28 mmol), 3-phenyl-furan-2-carboxylic acid (61 .8 mg, 0.30 mmol), HATU (156.8 mg, 0.41 mmol) and DIPEA (107.0 mg, 0.83 mmol) was stirred into DMF (5.0 mL) at room temperature for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (60.0 mL) and washed with water (2X100 mL). The organic phase was dried (Na2SO ), filtered and concentrated to dryness. The crude product was purified using Dionex HPLC to yield pure title
compound (30.0 mg, 28.0 %). MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C23H24N4O2, 388.47; m/z found 389.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 7.56-7.50 (m, 2H), 7.46 (d, J = 1 .8, 1 H), 7.37-7.30 (m, 2H), 7.25-7.19 (m, 1 H), 6.61 (d, J= 1 .8, 1 H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 3.95-3.80 (m, 2H), 3.75-3.60 (m, 3H), 3.51 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 5.0 1 H), 3.42 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 4.1 , 1 H), 3.33 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 5.4, 1 H), 3.02-2.81 (m, 2H), 2.35-2.22 (m, 6H).
Example 14: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-5- yl)phenyl]carbonyl} octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000109_0001
A mixture of 2-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole (60.0 mg, 0.28 mmol), 2-(4H-[1 ,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-benzoic acid (57.2 mg, 0.30 mmol), HATU (156.8 mg, 0.41 mmol) and DIPEA (107.0 mg, 0.83 mmol) was stirred into DMF (5.0 mL) at room temperature for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (60.0 mL) and washed with water (2X100 mL). The organic phase was dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concentrated to dryness. The crude product was purified using Agilent HPLC (basic system) to yield pure title compound (60.0 mg, 56%). MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C21 H23N7O, 389.46; m/z found 390.2 [M+H]+ 1H NMR (CDCI3): 8.12 (d, J = 7.5, 1 H), 8.05 (s, 1 H), 7.53-7.39 (m, 2H), 7.37-7.31 (m, 1 H), 6.28 (s, 1 H), 3.95-3.77 (m, 2H), 3.76-3.55 (m, 3H), 3.48-3.33 (m, 2H), 3.19-3.03 (m, 1 H), 3.02-2.95 (m, 1 H), 2.91 -2.82 (m, 1 H), 2.36-2.19 (m, 6H). Example 15: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[3-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl} octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000110_0001
A mixture of 2-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole (437.3 mg, 2.0 mmol), 3-fluoro-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid (415 mg, 2.0 mmol), HATU (1 .14 g, 3.0 mmol) and DIPEA (777 mg, 6.0 mmol) was stirred into DMF (20 ml_) at room temperature for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (250 ml_) and washed with water (2 X 500 ml_). The organic phase was dried (Na2SO ), filtered and concentrated to dryness. The crude product was purified using Agilent HPLC (basic system) to yield pure title compound (458.0 mg, 56%). MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C21 H22FN7O, 407.45; m/z found 408.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCI3): 7.79 (s, 2H), 7.52-7.45 (m, 1 H), 7.36-7.28 (m, 1 H), 7.25-7.22 (m, 1 H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 3.82 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 7.5, 1 H), 3.75-3.66 (m, 2H), 3.58-3.41 (m, 4H), 3.13 (dd, J = 10.9, 5.2, 1 H), 3.02- 2.87 (m, 2H), 2.36-2.24 (m, 6H).
Examples 16-106, 108-214 were prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15. Example 16: 2-{5-[(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- nzothiazole.
Figure imgf000110_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 38 and 2-chloro-6-fluoro-benzothiazole. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H22FN3O3S, 427.5; m/z found, 428.2 [M+H]+. Example 17: 2-{5-[(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- iazole.
Figure imgf000111_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 38 and 2-chloro-benzothiazole. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H23N3O3S, 409.51 ; m/z found, 410.2 [M+H]+.
Example 18: 2-[5-{[2-(1 H-Pyrazol-1 -yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]quinoxaline.
Figure imgf000111_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 35 and 2-pyrazol-1 -yl-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C24H22N6O, 410.48; m/z found, 41 1 .2 [M+H]+.
Example 19: 2-{5-[(2-Thiophen-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c rrol-2(1 H)-yl}quinoxaline.
Figure imgf000111_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 35 and 2-thiophen-2-yl-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C25H22N4OS, 426.54; m/z found, 427.2 [M+H]+. Example 20: 2-{5-[(2-Methylnaphthalen-1 -yl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl}quinoxaline.
Figure imgf000112_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 35 and 2-methyl-naphthalene-1 -carboxylic acid. MS mass calcd. for C25H22N4OS, 426.54; m/z found, 427.2 [M+H]+.
Example 21 : 2-(2,3-Dihydro-1 ,4-benzodioxin-5-ylcarbonyl)-5-(4- phenylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000112_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 26 and 2,3-dihydro-benzo[1 ,4]dioxine-5-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C25H24N4O3, 428.50; m/z found, 429.2 [M+H]+.
Example 22: 2-(4-Phenylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000112_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 26 and 2-thiophen-2-yl-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C27H2 N4OS, 452.58; m/z found, 453.2 [M+H]+. Example 23: 2-(4-Phenylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 H-pyrazol-1 - l)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000113_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 26 and 2-pyrazol-1 -yl-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C26H2 N6j 436.52; m/z found, 437.2 [M+H]+.
Example 24: 2-(4-Phenylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 H-pyrrol-1 - yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000113_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 26 and 2-pyrrol-1 -yl-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C27H25N5O, 435.53; m/z found, 436.3 [M+H]+.
Example 25: 2-[(2-Methylnaphthalen-1 -yl)carbonyl]-5-(4-phenylpyrimidin-2- l)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000113_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 26 and 2-methyl-naphthalene-1 -carboxylic acid. MS mass calcd. for C28H26N4O, 434.51 ; m/z found, 435.3 [M+H]+. Example 26: 2-(5-Quinoxalin-2-yl-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2-carbonyl)- benzonitrile.
Figure imgf000114_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 35 and 2-cyano-benzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H19N5O, 369.43; m/z found 370.3 [M+H]+.
Example 27: 2-[5-{[2-(1 H-Pyrrol-1 -yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]quinoxaline.
Figure imgf000114_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 35 and 2-pyrrol-1 -yl-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C25H23N5O, 409.49; m/z found, 410.2 [M+H]+.
Example 28: 2-{5-[(4'-Fluorobiphenyl-2-yl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl}quinoxaline.
Figure imgf000114_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 35 and 4'-fluoro-biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C27H23FN4O, 438.51 ; m/z found, 439.2 [M+H]+.
Example 29: 2-{5-[(3'-Fluorobiphenyl-2-yl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl}quinoxaline.
Figure imgf000115_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 35 and 3'-fluoro-biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C27H23FN4O, 438.51 ; m/z found, 439.2 [M+H]+.
Example 30: 2-{5-[(2-Methylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl}quinoxaline.
Figure imgf000115_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 35 and 2-methylbenzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H22N4O, 358.45; m/z found, 359.2 [M+H]+.
Example 31 : 2-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)-5-(4-furan-2-ylpyrimidin-2- l)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000115_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 17 and 2-chloro-4-furan-2-yl-pyrimidine. MS (ESI) ι calcd. for C27H2 N4O2, 436.52; m/z found, 437.2 [M+H]+.
Example 32: 2-(4-Methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000116_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 37 and 2-chloro-4-methyl-pyrimidine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H22N4OS, 390.51 ; m/z found, 391 .2 [M+H]+.
Example 33: 2-{5-[(2-Thiophen-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl}quinoline.
Figure imgf000116_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 37 and 2-chloro-quinoline. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C26H23N3OS, 425.56; m/z found, 426.2 [M+H]+.
Example 34: 2-(4-Furan-2-ylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2- lphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000116_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 37 and 2-chloro-4-furan-2-yl-pyrimidine. MS (ESI) ι calcd. for C25H22N4O2S, 442.50; m/z found, 443.2 [M+H]+.
Example 35: 2-{5-[(2-Ethylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl}quinoxaline.
Figure imgf000117_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 35 and 2-ethylbenzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C23H2 N4O, 372.46; m/z found, 373.2 [M+H]+.
Example 36: 2-[5-(1 H-lndol-7-ylcarbonyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl]quinoxaline.
Figure imgf000117_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 35 and 1 H-indole-7-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C23H21 N5O, 383.45; m/z found, 384.2 [M+H]+.
Example 37: 2-[(2-Thiophen-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4-thiophen-2-ylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000117_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 37 and 2-chloro-4-thiophen-2-yl-pyrimidine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C25H22N4OS2, 458.60; m/z found, 459.1 [M+H]+.
Example 38: 2-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)-5-(4-thiophen-2-ylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000118_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 17 and 2-chloro-4-thiophen-2-yl-pyrimidine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C27H24N4OS, 452.57; m/z found, 453.1 [M+H]+.
Example 39: [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2- -[2-(1 -methyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)-phenyl]-methanone.
Figure imgf000118_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2-(1 -methyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C23H26N6O, 402.50; m/z found, 403.2 [M+H]+.
Example 40: 2-[(2-Bromophenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4-phenylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000118_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 26 and 2-bromobenzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C23H2i BrN4O, 449.34; m/z found, 449.1 , 451 .1 [M+H]+.
Example 41 : 2-{5-[(3'-Chlorobiphenyl-2-yl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl}quinoxaline.
Figure imgf000119_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 35 and 3'-chloro-biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C27H23CIN4O, 454.95; m/z found, 455.1 [M+H]+.
Example 42: 2-{5-[(2-Bromophenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl}quinoxaline.
Figure imgf000119_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 35 and 2-bromobenzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C2i Hi9BrN4O, 423.31 ; m/z found, 423.0, 425.0 [M+H]+.
Example 43: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000119_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 37 and 2-chloro-4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidine. MS (ESI) calcd. for C23H2 N4OS, 404.53; m/z found, 405.1 [M+H]+.
Example 44: 2-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)-5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000120_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 17 and 2-chloro-4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C25H26N4O, 398.5; m/z found, 399.2 [M+H]+.
Example 45: 2-(4-Methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2- lphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000120_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 37 and 2-chloro-4-methoxy-pyrimidine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H22N4O2S, 406.50; m/z found, 407.0 [M+H]+.
Example 46: 6-Fluoro-2-{5-[(2-thiophen-2- lphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl}-1 ,3-benzothiazole.
Figure imgf000120_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 37 and 2-chloro-6-fluoro-benzothiazole. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C2 H2oFN3OS2, 449.57; m/z found, 450.0 [M+H]+.
Example 47: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-methylnaphthalen-1 - yl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000121_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to for Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2-methyl-naphthalene-1 -carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C24H26N4O, 386.5; m/z found, 387.3 [M+H]+.
Example 48: 2-[(3'-Fluorobiphenyl-2-yl)carbonyl]-5-(4-methylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000121_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 27 and 3'-fluoro-biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C24H23FN4O, 402.46; m/z found, 403.1 [M+H]+.
Example 49: 2-(4-Methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-methylnaphthalen-1 - yl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000121_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 32 and 2-methyl-naphthalene-1 -carboxylic acid. MS mass calcd. for C23H24N4O2, 388.46; m/z found, 389.1 [M+H]+.
Example 50: 2-[(2-Methylnaphthalen-1 -yl)carbonyl]-5-(4-methylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000122_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing and 2-methyl-naphthalene-1 -carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C23H2 N4O, 372.46; m/z found, 373.1 [M+H]+.
Example 51 : 2-[(3'-Fluorobiphenyl-2-yl)carbonyl]-5-(4-methoxypyrimidin-2- yl)octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000122_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 32 and 3'-fluoro-biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C24H23FN4O2, 418.46; m/z found, 419.1 [M+H]+.
Example 52: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(3'-fluorobiph
yl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000122_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 3'-fluoro-biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C25H25FN.A 416.49; m/z found, 417.1 [M+H]+.
Example 53: [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2- yl]-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000123_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2-fluorobenzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for Ci9H2i FN4O, 340.4; m/z found, 341 .2 [M+H]+.
Example 54: 2-(4-Methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(4'-methylbiphenyl-2- yl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000123_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 32 and 4'-methyl-biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C25H26N4O2, 414.50; m/z found, 415.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCIs): 8.06 (d, J = 5.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.54 - 7.34 (m, 6H), 7.17 (s, 2H), 6.01 (d, J = 5.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.90 (s, 3H), 3.82-3.66 (m, 2H), 3.65-3.35 (m, 2H), 3.25-2.55 (m, 6H), 2.33 (s, 3H).
Example 55: 2-[(3'-Chlorobiphenyl-2-yl)carbonyl]-5-(4-methoxypyrimidin-2- yl)octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000123_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 32 and 3'-chloro-biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C24H23CIN4O2, 434.92; m/z found, 435.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCI3): 8.06 (d, J = 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 7.55 - 7.33 (m, 6H), 7.32 - 7.14 (m, 2H), 6.03 (d, J = 5.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 3.81 - 3.64 (m, 2H), 3.61 -3.45 (m 2H), 3.14 (br s, 3H), 2.91 -2.55 (m, 3H).
Example 56: 2-[(2-Ethoxynaphthalen-1 -yl)carbonyl]-5-(4-methoxypyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000124_0001
The title compound was prepared according to the procedure used for Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 32 and 2-ethoxy-naphthalene-1 -carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C24H26N4O3, 418.49; m/z found, 419.3 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCI3): rotamers observed, 8.07 (t, J = 6.3 Hz, 1 H), 7.89 - 7.76 (m, 2H), 7.74 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 0.6H), 7.66 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 0.4H), 7.50 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 0.6H), 7.46 - 7.32 (m, 1 .5H), 7.31 - 7.22 (m, 1 H), 6.05-6.00 (m, 1 H), 4.32 - 3.81 (m, 7.7H), 3.80-3.52 (m, 3.0H), 3.43 - 3.31 (m, 1 H), 3.27 (dd, J = 1 1 .1 , 5.9 Hz, 0.6H), 3.19-3.07 (m, 1 H), 3.05-2.92 (m 1 .5H), 1 .46 (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 1 .3H), 1 .36 (t, J = 6.9 Hz, 1 .8H).
Example 57: 2-[(4-Fluoronaphthalen-1 -yl)carbonyl]-5-(4-methoxypyrimidin-2- yl)octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000124_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 32 and 4-fluoro-naphthalene-1 -carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H2i FN4O2, 392.43; m/z found, 393.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 8.22 - 8.13 (m, 1 H), 8.08 (d, J = 5.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.89 (6, J = 1.1 Hz, 1 H), 7.66 - 7.53 (m, 2H), 7.43 (dd, J = 7.8, 5.3 Hz, 1 H), 7.17 (dd, J = 10.1 , 7.9 Hz, 1 H), 6.04 (d, J = 5.7 Hz, 1 H), 4.1 1 (dd, J = 12.8, 7.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.00 - 3.80 (m, 5H), 3.80-3.63 (m, 2H), 3.57-3.39 m, 2H), 3.22 - 3.08 (m, 2H), 3.04-2.92 (m, 1 H).
Example 58: 2-(4-Methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-(naphthalen-1 - ylcarbonyl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000125_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 32 and naphthalene-1 -carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H22N4O2, 374.44; m/z found, 375.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 8.08 (d, J = 5.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.95 - 7.81 (m, 3H), 7.59-7.46 (m, 4H), 6.04 (d, J = 5.7 Hz, 1 H), 4.13 (dd, J = 12.8, 7.9 Hz, 1 H), 4.00 - 3.80 (m, 5H), 3.80-3.65 (m, 2H), 3.55-3.40 (m, 2H), 3.22 - 3.09 (m, 2H), 3.05-2.91 (m, 1 H).
Example 59: 2-[(2-Ethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4-methoxypyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000125_0002
The title compound was prepared according to the procedure used for Example 15 utilizing 2-(4-methoxy-pyrimidin-2-yl)-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole and 2- ethoxybenzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C2oH24N4O3, 368.44; m/z found, 369.3 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 8.07 (d, J = 5.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.37 - 7.28 (m, 2H), 6.99 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 1 H), 6.91 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1 H), 6.02 (d, J = 5.7 Hz, 1 H), 4.07 (q, J = 7.0 Hz, 2H), 4.01 - 3.85 (m, 5H), 3.84-3.70 (m, 2H), 3.65 - 3.45 (m, 3H), 3.34-3.22 (m, 1 H), 3.16 - 2.92 (m, 2H), 1 .35 (t, J = 6.8 Hz, 3H). Example 60: 2-[(2-Methoxynaphthalen-1 -yl)carbonyl]-5-(4-methoxypyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000126_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 32 and 2-methoxy-naphthalene-1 -carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C23H2 N4O3, 404.46; m/z found, 405.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (rotamers observed) 8.12 - 8.00 (m, 1 H), 7.88 (d, J = 9.1 Hz, 1 H), 7.80 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.70 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 0.6H), 7.63 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 0.4H), 7.49 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 0.6H), 7.45 - 7.23 (m, 3.4H), 6.06 - 5.97 (m, 1 H), 4.16-4.02 (m, 1 H), 3.99- 3.79 (m, 7H), 3.80-3.62 (m, 2H), 3.61 - 3.47 (m, 1 H), 3.41 - 3.28 (m, 1 H), 3.25 - 3.06 (m, 2H), 2.98 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 2H).
Example 61 : 2-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)-5-[4-(1 H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrimidin-2- yl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000126_0002
H
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 17 and 2-chloro-4-(1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)-pyrimidine. MS mass calcd. for C26H24N6O, 436.57; m/z found, 437.2 [M+H]+.
Example 62: 2-[4-(1 H-Pyrazol-4-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]-5-[(2-thiophen-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000127_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 37 and 2-chloro-4-(1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)-pyrimidine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C24H22N6OS, 442.54; m/z found, 443.1 [M+H]+.
Example 63: 2-(3,6-Dimethylpyrazin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2- lphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000127_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 37 and 3-chloro-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C23H2 N4OS, 404.54; m/z found, 405.2 [M+H]+.
Example 64: 2-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)-5-(3,5-dimethylpyrazin-2- l)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000127_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 17 and 2-chloro-3,5-dimethyl-pyrazine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C25H26N4O, 398.50; m/z found, 399.2 [M+H]+.
Example 65: 2-Methyl-3-{5-[(2-thiophen-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl}quinoxaline.
Figure imgf000128_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 37 and 2-chloro-3-methyl-quinoxaline. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C26H2 N4OS, 440.56; m/z found, 441 .1 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): rotamers observed 7.77 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.64 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.51 - 7.40 (m, 2H), 7.40 - 7.25 (m, 4H), 7.20 - 7.14 (m, 2H), 6.93 (br s, 1 H), 3.86 - 3.74 (m, 2H), 3.70-3.60 (br m, 1 .3H), 3.58 - 3.40 (br m, 1 .6H), 3.26 - 3.10 (m, 1 .7H), 2.95-2.82 (br m, 1 .7H), 2.76 (br m, 1 .5H), 2.62 (s, 3H).
Example 66: 2-[5-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- l]-3-methylquinoxaline.
Figure imgf000128_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 17 and 2-chloro-3-methyl-quinoxaline. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C28H26N4O, 434.53; m/z found, 435.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCI3): 7.85- 7.72 (m, 1 H), 7.65 (br s, 1 H), 7.53 - 7.30 (m, 9H), 7.21 (d, J = 10.5 Hz, 2H), 3.80-3.54 (br m, 3.5H), 3.44 - 3.28 (br m, 1 .5H), 3.15-2.90 broad (m, 2.5H), 2.85-2.70 (br m, 1 .5H), 2.65-2.50(m, 4H).
Example 67: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 H-pyrazol-1 - yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000128_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2-pyrazol-1 -yl-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C24H24N6O, 388.47; m/z found, 389.1 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): rotamers observed, 7.73 (broad d, J = 1 .9 Hz, 1 H), 7.52 (broad d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1 .6H), 7.48 - 7.39 (m, 1 .3H), 7.38 - 7.29 (m, 2H), 6.31 (br s, 1 H), 6.22 (s, 1 H), 3.75 - 3.64 (m, 2H), 3.46 (dd, J = 12.7, 4.4 Hz, 1 .4H), 3.38 broad (s, 7H), 3.27 (dd, J = 1 1 .7, 4.2 Hz, 1 .3H), 3.10 (br s, 1 H), 2.90-2.65 (m, 3.3H), 2.23 (s, 6H).
Example 68: 2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-fluoro-6-pyrimidin-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl] octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000129_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 14 and Intermediate 39. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for
C23H23FN6O3, 450.47; m/z found, 451 .1 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): rotamers observed, 8.75-8.65 (m, 2H), 8.12-8.01 (m, 1 H), 7.45-7.38(m, 1 H), 7.20-7.12 (m, 1 H), 7.05 (t, J = 4.9 Hz, 1 H), 5.32 (s, 1 H), 3.96 - 3.41 (m, 12.4H), 3.32-2.27 (m, 0.7H), 3.22-3.15 (m, 0.5H), 3.06 - 2.86 (m, 2.4H).
Example 69: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-pyridin-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000129_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2-pyridin-2-yl-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C2 H25N5O, 399.49; m/z found, 400.1 [M+H]+. Example 70: 2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-pyridin-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000130_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 39 and 2-pyridin-2-yl-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for 02 Η25Ν5θ3, 431 .49; m/z found, 432.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCI3): 8.49 (d, J = 3.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.69 - 7.49 (m, 3H), 7.48 - 7.29 (m, 3H), 7.15-7.04 (m, 1 H), 5.32 (s, 1 H), 3.92 - 3.61 (m, 8H), 3.60 - 3.40 (m, 2H), 3.35-3.15 (m, 3H), 2.98 - 2.65 (m, 3H).
Example 71 : 2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(5-fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl] octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000130_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 39 and Intermediate 13. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C23H23FN6O3, 450.18; m/z found, 451 .1 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 8.68 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 2H), 8.25 (dd, J = 8.7, 5.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.28-7.15 (m, 2H), 7.12 (dd, J = 8.6, 2.5 Hz, 1 H), 5.31 (s, 1 H), 3.84 - 3.65 (m, 7H), 3.63 - 3.33 (m, 5H), 3.13 - 2.86 (m, 4H).
Example 72: 2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[5-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000131_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 39 and Intermediate 1 . MS (ESI) mass calcd. for
C22H22FN7O3j 439.18; m/z found, 440.1 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 7.89 (dd, J = 8.9, 4.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.66 (s, 1 H), 7.25 - 7.01 (m, 2H), 5.32 (s, 1 H), 3.77 (m, 8H), 3.67 - 3.54 (m, 2H), 3.52 - 3.26 (m, 3H), 3.01 - 2.78 (m, 3H).
Example 73: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-fluoro-6-pyrimidin-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000131_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and Intermediate 14. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C23H23FN6O, 418.47; m/z found, 419.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCI3): 8.75-8.65 (m, 2H), 8.10-7.96 (m, 1 .2H), 7.40 (dd, J = 13.8, 8.0 Hz, 1 .2H), 7.24 - 7.08 (m, 2.7H), 7.08-7.00 (m , 0.8H), 6.22 (s, 1 H), 4.00 - 3.39 (m, 7H), 3.34 - 3.14 (m, 1 H), 3.01 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 2H), 2.23 (s, 6H).
Example 74: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(5-fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000131_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and Intermediate 13. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C23H23FN6O, 418.47; m/z found, 419.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCI3): 8.81 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 2H), 8.36 (dd, J = 8.8, 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 7.44 - 7.14 (m, 3H), 6.44 (s, 1 H), 6.44 (s, 1 H), 3.98 - 3.75 (m, 2H), 3.76 - 3.48 (m, 5H), 3.24 - 2.97 (m, 3H), 2.32 (s, 6H).
Example 75: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[5-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000132_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and Intermediate 1 . MS (ESI): mass calculated for C21 H22FN7O, 407.45, m/z found 408.2 [M+1 ]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3) 7.97 - 7.92 (m, 1 H), 7.73 (s, 2H), 7.23 - 7.06 (m, 2H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 3.90 - 3.80 (m, Hz, 2H), 3.72 - 3.55 (m, 5.9 Hz, 4H), 3.53 - 3.46 (m, Hz, 1 H), 3.39 (br s, 1 H), 3.08 - 2.87 (m, 4H), 2.30 (s, 6H).
Example 76: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2- thylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000132_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2-ethylbenzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C2i H26N4O, 350.47; m/z found, 351 .3 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 7.34 - 7.14 (m 4H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 3.93 (m, 2H), 3.77 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 7.3 Hz, 1 H), 3.64 (m, 2H), 3.51 - 3.41 (m, 2H), 3.16 - 3.02 (m, 2H), 3.01 - 2.90 (m, 1 H), 2.69 - 2.57 (m, 2H), 2.29 (s, 6H), 1 .20 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 3H). Example 77: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-ethoxynaphthalen-1 - yl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000133_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2-ethoxy-naphthalene-1 -carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C25H28N4O2, 416.53; m/z found, 417.2 [M+H]+.
Example 78: 2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 H-pyrazol-1 - yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000133_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 39 and 2-pyrazol-1 -yl-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H2 N6O3, 420.46; m/z found, 421 .1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCI3): 7.74 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.59 - 7.29 (m, 5H), 6.31 (br s, 1 H), 5.32 (s, 1 H), 3.90 - 3.64 (m, 7.8H), 3.61 - 3.41 (m, 2.2H), 3.40-3.05 (m, 3H), 2.95-2.65 (m, 3H).
Example 79: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(5-phenyl-1 ,3-oxazol-4- yl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000133_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 5-phenyl-oxazole-4-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H23N5O2, 389.46; m/z found, 390.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR
(CDCI3): 7.91 (m, 2H), 7.86 (s, 1 H), 7.46 - 7.33 (m, 3H), 6.28 (s, 1 H), 4.03 - 3.83 (m, 3H), 3.74 (m, 2H), 3.64 - 3.47 (m, 3H), 3.08 - 2.98 (m, 2H),
6H).
Example 80: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(5-phenylisoxazol-4- yl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000134_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 5-phenyl-isoxazole-4-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H23N5O2, 389.46; m/z found, 390.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR
(CDCI3): 8.37 (s, 1 H), 7.84 - 7.75 (m, 2H), 7.49 - 7.36 (m, 3H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 4.00 - 3.80 (m, 2H), 3.73 - 3.62 (m, 2H), 3.59-3.42 (m, 2H), 3.36 (dd, J = 1 1 .7, 4.5 Hz, 1 H), 3.16 - 2.85 (m, 3H), 2.37 - 2.22 (s, 6H).
Example 81 : [5-(2-lsopropyl-6-methyl-pyrimidin-4-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- rrol-2-yl]-(2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000134_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 20 and 4-chloro-2-isopropyl-6-methyl-pyrimidine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H27N7O, 417.51 , m/z found 418.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.99 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.73 (s, 2H), 7.59 - 7.38 ( 3H), 5.92 (s, 1 H), 3.97 - 2.85 (m, 10H), 2.35 (s, 3H), 1 .33 - 1 .21 (m, 6H).
Example 82: 2-[(2-Bromophenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000135_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2-bromobenzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for Ci9H2i BrN4O, 401 .31 ; m/z found, 401 .1 , 403.1 [M+H]+.
Example 83: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl} octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000135_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and Intermediate 2. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for
C21 H23N7O, 389.46; m/z found, 374.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 7.98 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1 H), 7.74 (br s, 2H), 7.55 - 7.48 (m, 1 H), 7.42 (d, J = 4.1 Hz, 2H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 3.93 - 3.81 (m, 2H), 3.64 (m, 3H), 3.48 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 4.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.36 (br s, 1 H), 3.08 - 2.86 (m, 3H), 2.30 (s, 6H).
Example 84: 2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl} octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000135_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 20 and 2-chloro-4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C21 H23N7O3, 421 .46; m/z found, 422.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 8.05 - 7.95 (m, 2H), 7.75 (br s, 1 H), 7.57 - 7.48 (m, 1 H), 7.46-7.41 (m, 2H), 5.39 (s, 1 H), 3.93 - 3.79 (m, 5H), 3.76 - 3.62 (m, 2H), 3.56 (dd, J = 1 1 .8, 5.4 Hz, 3.49 - 3.33 (m, 2H), 2.96 (s, 3H), 2.89 (s, 3H).
Example 85: 2-[5-{[2-(4H-1 ,2,4-Triazol-3- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]quinoxaline.
Figure imgf000136_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 35 and 2-(4H-[1 ,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C23H21 N7O, 41 1 .47; m/z found, 412.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR
(CDCI3): 8.28 (s, 1 H), 8.1 1 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1 H), 8.01 (br s, 1 H), 7.89 (dd, J = 8.2, 1 .2 Hz, 1 H), 7.69 (dd, J = 8.4, 1 .0 Hz, 1 H), 7.59 (ddd, J = 8.4, 7.0, 1 .4 Hz, 1 H), 7.55 - 7.43 (m, 2H), 7.42 - 7.33 (m, 2H), 3.89-4.00 (m, 2H), 3.82-3.72 (m, 2H), 3.71 -3.64 (m, 1 H), 3.55-3.42 (m, 2H), 3.20-2.98 (m, 3H).
Example 86: 2-[5-{[2-(4H-1 ,2,4-Triazol-3- l)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-1 ,3-benzoxazole.
Figure imgf000136_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 28 and 2-(4H-[1 ,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H20N6O2, 400.43; m/z found, 401 .2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR
(CDCI3): 8.15-8.02 (m 2H), 7.56 - 7.40 (m, 2H), 7.347-7.30(m, 2H), 7.29 - 7.23 (m, 1 H), 7.17 (td, J = 7.7, 1 .1 Hz, 1 H), 7.05 - 6.98 (m, 1 H), 3.98 - 3.42 (m, 7H), 3.26 - 2.93 (m, 3H). Example 87: 2-(4-Methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(4H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3- l)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000137_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 27 and 2-(4H-[1 ,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C2oH2i N7O, 375.55; m/z found, 376.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR
(CDCIs): 8.18 - 8.04 (m, 3H), 7.55.7.42 (m, 2H), 7.39 - 7.33 (m, 1 H), 6.39 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.96 - 3.79 (m, 2H), 3.77 - 3.63 (m, 2H), 3.62-3.55 (m, 1 H), 3.46 - 3.37 (m, 2H), 3.15-3.06 (m, 1 H), 3.05-2.98 (m, 1 H), 2.95-2.90 (m, 1 H), 2.33 (s, 3H).
Example 88: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2- ethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000137_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2-ethoxybenzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C2iH26N4O2, 366.46; m/z found, 367.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 7.37 - 7.21 (m, 2H), 7.03 - 6.91 (m, 1 H), 6.88 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1 H), 6.26 (d, J = 20.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.04 (q, J = 7.0 Hz, 2H), 3.95-3.85 (m, 2H), 3.76 (dd, J = 1 1 .5, 7.3 Hz, 1 H),
3.69-3.59 (m, 2H), 3.57 - 3.45 (m, 2H), 3.29-3.20 (m, 1 H), 3.12 - 2.89 (m, 2H), 2.29 (s, 6H), 1 .33 (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 3H).
Example 89: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[4-fluoro-2-
(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]carbonyl} octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000138_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2-trifluoromethyl-4-fluorobenzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C2oH2oF4N4O, 408.4; m/z found, 409.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR
(CDCIs): 7.46 - 7.27 (m, 3H), 6.37 - 6.25 (m, 1 H), 4.01 -3.87 (m, 2H), 3.82-3.76 (m 1 H), 3.67-3.57 (m, 2H), 3.53 - 3.38 (m, 2H), 3.14 - 3.04 (m, 2H), 3.04-2.96 m, 1 H), 2.31 (s 6H).
Example 90: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(4-fluoronaphthalen-1 - yl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000138_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 4-fluoro-naphthalene-1 -carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C23H23FN4O, 390.45; m/z found, 391 .2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCI3): 8.16-8.10(m 1 H), 7.92 - 7.82 (m, 1 H), 7.63 - 7.53 (m, 2H), 7.403- 7.36(m, 1 H), 7.14 (dd, J = 10.2, 7.8 Hz, 1 H), 6.31 (s, 1 H), 4.14-4.06 (m, 1 H), 3.95-3.89 (m, 1 H), 3.84 - 3.63 (m, 3H), 3.50 - 3.37 (m, 2H), 3.17-3.08 (m, 2H), 2.98 - 2.90 (m, 1 H), 2.30 (s, 6H).
Example 91 : 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 - m thylethyl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000138_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2-isopropyl-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H28N4O, 364.48; m/z found, 365.3 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 7.37 - 7.30 (m, 2H), 7.23 - 7.10 (m, 2H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 4.00-3.86 (m, 2H), 3.79-3.73 (m, 1 H), 3.71 -3.58 (m, 2H), 3.51 -3.40 (m, 2H), 3.19 - 2.89 (m, 4H), 2.30 (s, 6H), 1 .29 - 1 .17 (m, 6H).
Example 92: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(3-methoxy-2- methylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000139_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 3-methoxy-2-methyl-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C2i H26N4O2, 366.47; m/z found, 367.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 7.19 (dd, J = 14.3, 6.5 Hz, 1 H), 6.81 (dd, J = 14.3, 7.8 Hz, 2H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 4.01 - 3.85 (m, 2H), 3.83 (s, 3H), 3.77 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 7.3 Hz, 1 H), 3.69-3.58 (m, 2H), 3.50 - 3.39 (m, 2H), 3.15 - 3.00 (m, 2H), 3.00 - 2.90 (m, 1 H), 2.30 (s, 6H), 2.14 (s, 3H).
Example 93: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-(naphthalen-1 - ylcarbonyl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000139_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and naphthalene-1 -carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C23H2 N4O, 372.46; m/z found, 373.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCI3): 7.91 - 7.79 (m, 3H), 7.54 - 7.40 (m, 4H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 4.1 1 (dd, J = 12.8, 7.9 Hz, 1 H), 3.92 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 7.6 Hz, 1 H), 3.80 (dd, J = 12.8, 4.9 Hz, 1 H), 3.75 - 3.64 (m, 2H), 3.49 - 3.36 (m, 2H), 3.17 - 3.06 (m, 2H), 2.97 - 2.87 (m, 1 H), 2.31 (s, 6H).
Example 94: 2-[5-{[2-(4H-1 ,2,4-Triazol-3- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-3-
(trifluoromethyl)quinoxaline.
Figure imgf000140_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 30 and 2-(4H-[1 ,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C2 H2oF4N7O, 479.47; m/z found, 480.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCIs): 8.12 - 7.93 (m, 3H), 7.77 (dd, J = 8.5, 0.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.69 (ddd, J = 8.4, 6.8, 1 .4 Hz, 1 H), 7.52 - 7.41 (m, 3H), 7.38-7.34 (m, 1 H), 4.01 - 3.79 (m, 3H), 3.78 - 3.66 (m, 2H), 3.49 (dd, J = 23.0, 15.0 Hz, 2H), 3.16 - 2.88 (m, 3H).
Example 95: 2-Methyl-3-[5-{[2-(4H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]q
Figure imgf000140_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 29 and 2-(4H-[1 ,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C2 H23N7O, 425.49; m/z found, 426.3 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR
(CDCI3): 8.13 (d, J = 7.3 Hz, 1 H), 8.01 (s, 1 H), 7.83 (dd, J = 8.2, 1 .1 Hz, 1 H), 7.72 (dd, J = 8.3, 1 .0 Hz, 1 H), 7.59 - 7.35 (m, 5H), 4.00 - 3.65 (m, 5H), 3.47 (s 2H), 3.22 - 2.89 (m, 3H), 2.70 (s, 3H). Example 96: 2-[6-Methyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-yl]-5-{[2-(4H-1 ,2,4- triazol-3-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000141_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 31 and 2-(4H-[1 ,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C2iH2oF3N7O, 443.43; m/z found, 444.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCIs): 8.1 1 - 7.99 (m,2H), 7.55 - 7.42 (m, 2H), 7.37 - 7.29 (m, 1 H), 6.17 (br s, 1 H), 3.92-3.39 (m, 7H), 3.15-2.90 (m 3H), 2.42 (s, 3H).
Example 97: 2-[6-Methyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-yl]-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3- triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000141_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 31 and Intermediate 2. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for
C2i H2oF3N7O, 443.43; m/z found, 444.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 7.99 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.74 (s, 2H), 7.58 - 7.49 (m, 1 H), 7.48 - 7.38 (m, 2H), 6.22 (br s, 1 H), 4.05 - 3.33 (m, 7H), 3.24 - 2.91 (m, 3H), 2.45 (s, 3H).
Example 98: 2-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-[6-methyl- 2- trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000141_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 31 and Intermediate 12. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C2i H19F4N7O, 461 .42; m/z found, 462.1 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 7.91 - 7.78 (m, 2H), 7.72 (s, 1 H), 7.54 - 7.43 (m, 1 H), 7.20 - 7.10 (m, 1 H), 6.30-6.20 (br m, 1 H), 4.07 - 3.52 (m, 6H), 3.42 - 3.02 (m, 4H), 2.47 (d, J = 19.9 Hz, 3H).
Example 99: 2-{[4-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-[6-methyl- 2- trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000142_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 31 and Intermediate 4. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for
C2i Hi9F4N7O, 461 .42; m/z found, 462.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 7.76 (br s, 3H), 7.47 - 7.36 (m, 1 H), 7.19 - 7.09 (m, 1 H), 6.22 (br s, 1 H), 4.05 - 3.32 (m, 7H), 2.98 (dd, J = 40.7, 34.8 Hz,3H), 2.44 (s, 3H).
Example 100: 2-(6-Methylpyrazin-2-yl)-5-{[5-methyl-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2 l)phenyl]carbonyl} octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000142_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 8 and 2-chloro-6-methyl-pyrazine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2i H23N7O, 389.46; m/z found 390.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 7.87 - 7.81 (m, 1 H), 7.75 - 7.53 (m, 4H), 7.35 - 7.29 (m, 1 H), 7.24 - 7.18 (m, 1 H), 3.94 - 3.83 (m, 1 H), 3.80 - 3.66 (m, 2H), 3.64 - 3.54 (m, 1 H), 3.50 - 3.30 (m, 3H), 3.12 - 2.90 (m, 3H), 2.41 (s, 2H), 2.38 (s, 3H). Example 101 : 2-(3,6-Dimethylpyrazin-2-yl)-5-{[2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- l)phenyl]carbonyl} octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000143_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 34 and Intermediate 12. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2iH22FN7O, 407.45; m/z found 408.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.90 - 7.80 (m, 2H), 7.78 - 7.71 (m, 2H), 7.54 - 7.44 (m, 1 H), 7.20 - 7.12 (m, 1 H), 3.97 - 3.90 (m, 1 H), 3.86 - 3.40 (m, 6H), 3.32 - 3.22 (m, 1 H), 3.13 - 2.91 (m, 2H), 2.55 - 2.49 (m, 3H), 2.39 - 2.33 (m, 3H).
Example 102: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(5-methyl-2-pyrimidin-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl] octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000143_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 5-methyl-2-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2 H26N6O, 414.51 ; m/z found 415.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 8.74 (d, J = 4.9, 2H), 8.20 (d, J = 8.1 , 1 H), 7.34 - 7.28 (m, 1 H), 7.17 - 7.15 (m, 1 H), 7.10 - 7.03 (m, 1 H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 3.95 - 3.79 (m, 2H), 3.76 - 3.61 (m, 3H), 3.59 - 3.40 (m, 2H), 3.18 - 3.10 (m, 1 H), 3.09 - 2.87 (m, 2H), 2.41 (s, 3H), 2.30 (s, 6H).
Example 103: 2-(3,6-Dimethylpyrazin-2-yl)-5-[(5-methyl-2-pyrimidin-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl] octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000144_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 34 and 5-methyl-2-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2 H26N6O, 414.51; m/z found 415.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 8.77 (d, J = 4.9, 2H), 8.22 (d, J = 8.1 , 1 H), 7.73 (s, 1 H), 7.34 - 7.29 (m, 1H), 7.21 -7.16 (m, 1H), 7.11 (t, J = 4.8, 1H), 3.96-3.89 (m, 1H), 3.86 - 3.79 (m, 1 H), 3.74 - 3.61 (m, 2H), 3.57 - 3.51 (m, 1 H), 3.49 - 3.38 (m, 2H), 3.18-3.12 (m, 1H), 3.08-2.98 (m, 1H), 2.96-2.86 (m, 1H), 2.50 (s, 3H), 2.42 (s, 3H), 2.36 (s, 3H).
Example 104: 2-(3,6-Dimethylpyrazin-2-yl)-5-{[4-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl} octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000144_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 34 and Intermediate 4. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C21H22FN7O, 407.45; m/z found 408.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) 7.83 - 7.72 (m, 4H), 7.42 (dd, J = 8.5, 5.8, 1H), 7.14 (ddd, J = 8.5, 7.8, 2.5, 1 H), 3.94 - 3.86 (m, 1 H), 3.82 - 3.74 (m, 1 H), 3.73 - 3.60 (m, 2H), 3.56 - 3.47 (m, 1H), 3.42-3.31 (m, 2H), 3.10-2.82 (m, 3H), 2.50 (s, 3H), 2.36 (s, 3H).
Example 105: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[5-iodo-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl] carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000145_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and Intermediate 12. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2i H22IN7O, 515.36; m/z found 516.1 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.87 - 7.80 (m, 1 H), 7.79 - 7.67 (m, 4H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 3.94 - 3.82 (m, 2H), 3.74 - 3.56 (m, 3H), 3.53 - 3.30 (m, 2H), 3.13 - 2.85 (m, 3H), 2.29 (s, 6H).
Example 106: 4-[5-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-N,N-dimethyl-6-
(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-amine.
Figure imgf000145_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 36 and Intermediate 12. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H22F4N8O, 490.47; m/z found 491 .0 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.89 - 7.64 (m, 3H), 7.56 - 7.44 (m, 1 H), 7.19 - 7.10 (m, 1 H), 6.01 - 5.74 (m, 1 H), 4.10 - 2.86 (m, 16H).
Example 107: [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl]-(2-fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000145_0003
Method A: [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(2- fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-nnethanone. To a 3-necked, 3 L, round- bottomed flask equipped with a nitrogen line, temperature probe, heating mantle, reflux condenser, mechanical stirrer, and 1 N aq. NaOH scrubber were added 2-fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid (Intermediate 12, 120.98 g, 75 wt%, 90.74 g actual, 438 mmol) and toluene (1 L). The mixture was warmed to 50 °C for 1 h with stirring. The mixture was then cooled to 25 °C and thionyl chloride (47.9 mL, 657 mmol) was added. The mixture was warmed back to 50 °C and held for 1 h. During this time, in a separate 5 L jacketed reactor equipped with a mechanical stirrer and temperature probe were added toluene (600 mL), aqueous sodium carbonate (185.7 g, 1 .75 mol in 1 .6 L water), and 2- (4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole»HOAc
(Intermediate 23, 122 g, 438 mmol). This biphasic mixture was cooled to 0 °C. After cooling to 0 °C, the original slurry was poured through a filter and over the stirring biphasic mixture of amine and aqueous sodium carbonate. The mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature. After 2 h, additional 2-(4,6- dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole»HOAc (4 g, 14 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred for 30 additional minutes. At the end of this period, the layers were separated and 100 mL of methanol were added to the organic layer. The organic layer was dried over MgSO , filtered, and concentrated to a white solid. This solid was taken up in ethanol (1 .4 L) and warmed to 77 °C. The mixture was then cooled to 55 °C and seeded with previously crystallized material. (Note: The seeds were generated from slurrying the initial product in 2-propanol at room temperature [100 mg/mL]). The mixture was cooled to room temperature at a rate of 5 °C per hour. After stirring at room temperature for 14 h, the mixture was filtered and dried to provide the final product as a white crystalline solid (136.84 g, 74%). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 7.88 - 7.78 (m, 1 .78H), 7.75 - 7.69 (s, 1 .22H), 7.51 - 7.43 (m, 1 H), 7.17 - 7.1 1 (m, 1 H), 6.30 - 6.28 (m, 1 H), 4.03 - 3.48 (m, 7H), 3.29 - 3.21 (m, 1 H), 3.15 - 2.92 (m, 2H), 2.30 (s, 6H). MS (ESI) mass calcd for
C21 H22FN7O, 407.19; m/z found, 408 [M+H]+. Anal, calcd. for C21 H22FN7O C, 61 .90, H, 5.44, N, 24.06; found C, 61 .83, H, 5.42, N, 24.08. Method B:
Step A: A one-piece EasyMax reactor was equipped with a mechanical stirred, a temperature probe, a reflux condenser and an NaOH scrubber. To the reactor was added 2-fluoro-6-triazol-2-yl benzoic acid (15.01 g, 72.5 mmol) and toluene (150.0 g), N, N dimethylformamide (0.06 g, 0.26 mmol) was then added, the reaction was held at 20 °C prior to the addition of thionyl chloride (1 1 .31 g, 94.1 mmol) via syringe pump. The reaction mixture was then heated to 50 °C over 15 minutes and then was stirred at that temperature for 1 .5 hours. The mixture was then heated to 55 °C and 20.4 g of solvent were distilled in vacuo to give 139.4 g of acid chloride solution which was used as is in Step C below.
Step B. In a 500 ml_ jacketed reactor equipped with a mechanical stirrer, thermometer and reflux condenser was charged with 2-(4,6- dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole, bis-HCI salt (21 .01 g, 72.1 mmol) and toluene (60.1 g) and the slurry was stirred at 0 °C. Sodium carbonate (30.6 g, 288.7 mmol) was then separately dissolved in water (151 .5 g) and then added to the slurry over 15 minutes to give the crude amine solution which was used directly in Step C.
Step C. To the crude amine solution from Step B in a 500 ml_ reactor held at 0 °C was added the crude acid chloride solution from Step 1 and the reaction was held at 0 °C for another 15 minutes, then heated to 30 °C over 30 minutes. During this time the product started to precipitate and the aqueous layer formed a slurry. The reaction was then cooled to 20 °C over 30 minutes and stirred at this temperature overnight. The mixture was then heated to 75 °C over 40 minutes and stirred for 35 minutes. Stirring was then stopped and after 30 minutes the aqeous layer was removed. To the organic layer was then added water (90.0 g) and the mixture was stirred for 20 minutes at 75 °C, then the stirrer was again stopped. After 10 minutes the aqueous layer was removed. To the remaining organic layer was added water (90.0 g) and the mixture was again stirred at 75 °C for 15 minutes, before the stirrer was again stopped, and after 10 minutes the aqueous layer was again removed.
Distillation of the remaining toluene solution was then performed (at 75 °C, 350 mbar) to remove 70 ml_ of solvent. The remaining solution was then cooled to 50 °C, and stirred for 20 minutes prior to the addition of Example 107 (0.04g, seed crystals to start the crystallization). The reaction was then stirred at 50 °C for 1 .5 hour, then the thin suspension was cooled to 30 °C over 1 hour then cooled to 0 °C over 1 hour. After 90 minutes the product was isolated by suction filtration, the filter cake was washed with cyclohexane (75 g), then washed with water (85.0 g) and the wet product cake was dried in vacuo at 55 °C overnight to give the title compound (25.21 g, 83%), Purity was assessed by HPLC (99.3%, 99.6%, and 99.3 area% (at 254, 235, and 280 nm, respectively).
Step D: The product of Step C (20.0 g, 48.9 mmol) was added to a one- piece EasyMax reactor and activated charcoal (Norit CN1 , 2.00 g), ethanol
(120.0 g) and 2-propanol (20.0 g) were then added. The mixture was heated to 85 °C over 30 minutes, then stirred for 45 minutes, then cooled to 75 °C over 15 minutes. The mixture was then filtered via a glass fiber filter, the filter was washed with 2-propanol (20.0 g) that was previously heated to 70 °C, The filtrates were then placed into a 500 ml_ jacketed reactor equipped with a mechanical stirrer, reflux condenser and thermometer and heated to 85 °C, stirred for 5 minutes, cooled to 55 °C over 20 minutes and after 10 minutes at 55 °C a suspension of Example 107 (0.02 g) in 2-propanol ( 0.20 g) was added. The resulting thin suspension was stirred at 55 °C for 1 hour, then was cooled to 45 over 1 hour and stirred for 30 minutes before it was cooled to 0 °C over 3 hours and was stirred at that temperature overnight. After 13 hours, the product was isolated by suction filtration, the filter cake was washed via the reactor with 2-propanol (40.0 g, at 10 °C) to provide the wet product cake which was dried in vacuo at 60 °C overnight to give the title compound (18.18 g, 91 .3%) as a white to off-white crystalline solid. Purity was assessed by HPLC (99.7%, 99.8%, and 99.6 area% (at 254, 235, and 280 nm, respectively).
Assays for residual solvents showed the following: ethanol 1089 ppm, 2- propanol 348 ppm, toluene 202 ppm, cyclohexane <20 ppm.
Example 108: N,N-Dimethyl-4-{5-[(5-methyl-2-pyrimidin-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo [3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl}-6- (trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-amine.
Figure imgf000149_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 36 and 5-methyl-2-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C25H26F3N7O, 497.53; m/z found 498.0 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 8.67 (dd, J = 20.0, 4.9, 2H), 8.20 (d, J = 10.1 , 1 H), 7.34 - 7.30 (m, 1H), 7.19-7.15 (m, 1H), 7.13-7.03 (m, 1H), 5.85 (br s, 1H), 3.98- 2.83 (m, 16H), 2.42 (s, 3H).
Example 109: 4-{5-[(5-Fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl}-N,N-dimethyl-6-
(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-amine.
Figure imgf000149_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 36 and Intermediate 13. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2 H23F4N7O, 501.49; m/z found 502.0 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.70 (d, J = 4.9, 2H), 8.38-8.31 (m, 1H), 7.24- 7.17 (m, 1H), 7.14-7.02 (m, 2H), 5.86 (brs, 1H), 4.06-2.78 (m, 16H).
Example 110: 4-[5-{[5-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-N,N-dimethyl-6- (trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-amine.
Figure imgf000150_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 36 and Intermediate 1 . MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H22F4N8O, 490.46; m/z found 490.9 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.00 - 7.92 (m, 1 H), 7.78 - 7.64 (m, 2H), 7.26 - 7.20 (m, 1 H), 7.17 - 7.1 1 (m, 1 H), 5.87 (br s, 1 H), 3.96 - 2.87 (m, 16H).
Example 1 1 1 : [5-(2-Dimethylamino-6-trifluoromethyl-pyrimidin-4-yl)-hexahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(4-fluoro-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000150_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 36 and Intermediate 4. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H22F4N8O, 490.46; m/z found 490.9 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.84 - 7.64 (m, 3H), 7.45 - 7.36 (m, 1 H), 7.20 - 7.07 (m, 1 H), 5.87 (br s, 1 H), 4.04 - 2.79 (m, 16H).
Example 1 12: 2-[(5-Methyl-2-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-[6-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl) pyrimidin-4-yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000150_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 31 and 5-methyl-2-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C^H sFsNeO, 468.48; m/z found 469.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 8.80 - 8.68 (m, 2H), 8.27 - 8.13 (m, 1 H), 7.35 - 7.29 (m, 1 H), 7.20 - 7.03 (m, 2H), 6.31 - 6.04 (m, 1 H), 4.15 - 2.80 (m, 10H), 2.56 - 2.30 (m, 6H).
Example 1 13: 2-[(5-Fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4- phenylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000151_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 26 and Intermediate 13. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C27H23FN6O, 466.52; m/z found 467.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.72 - 8.66 (m, 2H), 8.44 - 8.29 (m, 2H), 8.16 - 8.02 (m, 2H), 7.53 - 7.45 (m 3H), 7.21 - 7.14 (m, 1 H), 7.10 - 7.06 (m, 1 H), 7.01 - 6.98 (m, 1 H), 6.87 (br s 1 H), 4.05 - 3.50 (m, 7H), 3.31 - 2.98 (m, 3H).
Example 1 14: 2-{[5-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-[6- methyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000151_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 21 and 4-chloro-6-methyl-2-trifluoromethyl-pyrimidine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2iHi9F4N7O, 461 .42; m/z found 462.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.04 - 7.87 (m, 1 H), 7.81 - 7.63 (m, 1 H), 7.29 - 7.18 (m, 1 H), 7.17 - 7.08 (m, 1 H), 6.31 - 6.03 (m, 1 H), 4.13 - 2.84 (m, 10H), 2.44 (s, 3H). Example 1 15: [5-(2,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-4-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl]-(5-fluoro-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000152_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 21 and 4-chloro-2,6-dimethyl-pyrimidine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C21 H22FN7O, 407.45, m/z found 408.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCI3) 7.97 (dd, J = 9.0, 4.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.73 (s, 2H), 7.25 - 7.19 (m, 1 H), 7.16 - 7.10 (m, 1 H), 5.94 (s, 1 H), 3.95 - 2.88 (m, 10H), 2.50 (s, 3H), 2.34 (s, 3H).
Example 1 16: 4-{5-[(2-Fluoro-6-pyrimidin-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl}-N,N-dimethyl-6- (trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-amine.
Figure imgf000152_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 36 and Intermediate 14. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C24H23F4N7O, 501 .49; m/z found 502.0 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.86 - 8.63 (m, 2H), 8.22 - 8.05 (m, 1 H), 7.56 - 7.40 (m, 1 H), 7.29 - 7.18 (m, 1 H), 7.12 ( br s, 1 H), 6.03 - 5.73 (m, 1 H), 4.19 - 2.90 (m, 16H).
Example 1 17: 2-[(2-Fluoro-6-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-[6-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl) pyrimidin-4-yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000153_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 31 and Intermediate 14. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H2oF4N6O, 472.45; m/z found 473.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.81 - 8.72 (m, 2H), 8.21 - 8.01 (m, 1 H), 7.54 - 7.42 (m, 1 H), 7.27 - 7.20 (m, 1 H), 7.18 - 7.10 (m, 1 H), 6.36 - 6.04 (m, 1 H), 4.19 - 2.93 (m, 10H), 2.60 - 2.29 (m, 3H).
Example 1 18: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[4-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl] carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000153_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and Intermediate 1 . MS (ESI): mass calculated for C21 H22FN7O, 408.45; m/z found 408.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.81 - 7.69 (m, 3H), 7.43 - 7.36 (m, 1 H), 7.16 - 7.08 (m, 1 H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 3.93 - 3.81 (m, 2H), 3.75 - 3.56 (m, 3H), 3.52 - 3.30 (m, 2H), 3.10 - 2.87 (m, 3H), 2.30 (s, 6H).
Example 1 19: N,N,6-Trimethyl-2-[5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydro pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]pyrimidin-4-amine.
Figure imgf000153_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 20 and (2-chloro-6-methyl-pyrimidin-4-yl)-dimethyl-amine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C^H eNsO, 418.50; m/z found 419.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.02 - 7.94 (m, 1 H), 7.75 (s, 2H), 7.56 - 7.46 (m, 1 H), 7.44 - 7.36 (m, 2H), 5.69 (s, 1 H), 3.92 - 3.81 (m, 2H), 3.76 - 3.62 (m, 2H), 3.60 - 3.52 (m, 1 H), 3.50 - 3.42 (m, 1 H), 3.40 - 3.29 (m, 1 H), 3.04 (s, 6H), 3.01 - 2.80 (m, 3H), 2.24 (s, 3H).
Example 120: N,N,4-Trimethyl-6-[5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- l)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydro pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]pyrimidin-2-amine.
Figure imgf000154_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 20 and (4-chloro-6-methyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-dimethyl-amine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C^H eNsO, 418.50; m/z found 419.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.01 - 7.95 (m, 1 H), 7.80 - 7.65 (m, 2H), 7.57 - 7.48 (m, 1 H), 7.45 - 7.35 (m, 2H), 5.51 - 5.39 (m, 1 H), 3.91 - 2.85 (m, 19H).
Example 121 : N,N-Dimethyl-4-[5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo [3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-6- (trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-amine.
Figure imgf000154_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 20 and (4-chloro-6-trifluoromethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)- dimethyl-amine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H23F3N8O, 472.47; m/z found 473.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3: 8.02 - 7.95 (m, 1 H), 7.73 (s, 2H), 7.57 - 7.50 (m, 1 H), 7.46 - 7.39 (m, 2H), 5.97 - 5.75 (m, 1 H), 3.99 - 2.8( (m, 16H).
Example 122: 2-(2,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-4-yl)-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl} octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000155_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 20 and 4-chloro-2,6-dimethyl-pyrimidine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C21 H23N7O, 408.45; m/z found 389.46 [M+H]+; m/z found 390.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.01 - 7.95 (m, 1 H), 7.74 (s, 2H), 7.56 - 7.37 (m, 3H), 6.01 - 5.85 (m, 1 H), 3.99 - 2.86 (m, 10H), 2.50 (s, 3H), 2.34 (s, 3H).
Example 123: [5-(3,6-Dimethyl-pyrazin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2- -(5-methyl-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000155_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 19 and 3-chloro-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H25N7O, 413.49, m/z found 404.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCI3) 7.85 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1 H), 7.78-7.70 (m, 3H), 7.35 - 7.29 (m, 1 H), 7.25 - 7.21 (m, 1 H), 3.92 - 3.85 (m, 1 H), 3.80 - 3.72 (m, 1 H), 3.70 - 3.59 (m, 2H), 3.53 - 3.47 (m, 1 H), 3.45 - 3.23 (m, 1 H), 3.04 - 2.78 (m, 4H), 2.50 (s, 3H), 2.42 (s, 3H), 2.36 (s, 3H). Example 124: 2-[5-{[5-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1H)-yl]-N,N,6- trim thylpyrimidin-4-amine.
Figure imgf000156_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 21 and (2-chloro-6-methyl-pyrimidin-4-yl)-dimethyl-amine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H25FN8O, 435.49; m/z found 437.3 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.99- 7.93 (m, 1H), 7.73 (s, 2H), 7.23 - 7.18 (m, 1H), 7.15-7.12 (m, 1H), 5.69 (s, 1H), 3.88-3.80 (m, 2H), 3.71 -3.62 (m, 2H), 3.59 - 3.52 (m, 1 H), 3.49 - 3.32 (m, 2H), 3.15 - 2.83 (m, 9H), 2.24 (s, 3H).
Example 125: 2-(5-Methoxypyridin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2- lphenyl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo [3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000156_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 37 and 2-chloro-5-methoxy-pyridine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H23N3O2S, 405.52; m/z found 406.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.88 (d, J = 2.7, 1 H), 7.54 - 7.47 (m, 1 H), 7.45 - 7.31 (m, 4H), 7.25-7.19 (m, 1H), 7.18-7.12 (m, 1H), 7.06-6.88 (m, 1H), 6.30-6.13 (m, 1H), 3.94-2.47 (m, 13H).
Example 126: 2-[(2-Ethoxynaphthalen-1 -yl)carbonyl]-5-(4-phenylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydro pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000157_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 26 and 2-ethoxy-naphthalene-1 -carboxylic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for 029Η28Ν4Ο2, 464.57; m/z found 465.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.42 - 8.33 (m, 1 H), 8.14 - 7.98 (m, 2H), 7.89 - 7.61 (m, 3H), 7.53 - 7.43 (m, 3H), 7.41 - 7.18 (m, 3H), 7.01 - 6.95 (m, 1 H), 4.31 - 2.91 (m, 12H), 1 .49 - 1 .23 (m, 3H).
Example 127: 2-{[5-Methyl-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-(4- henylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000157_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 19 and 2-chloro-4-phenyl-pyrimidine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C26H25N7O, 451 .53; m/z found 452.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.43 - 8.32 (m, 1 H), 8.15 - 7.99 (m, 2H), 7.88 - 7.80 (m, 1 H), 7.78 - 7.57 (m, 2H), 7.55 - 7.39 (m, 3H), 7.34 - 7.28 (m, 1 H), 7.25 - 7.21 (m, 1 H), 7.01 - 6.96 (m, 1 H), 4.09 - 2.87 (m, 10H), 2.41 (s, 3H).
Example 128: (4-Chloro-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-[5-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin- -yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone.
Figure imgf000157_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 6 and 2-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2i H22CIN7O, 423.91 ; m/z found 424.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 8.03 (t, J = 10.1 Hz, 1 H), 7.76 (s, 2H), 7.41 - 7.29 (m, 2H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 3.92 - 3.79 (m, 2H), 3.74-3.58 (m, 3H), 3.53 - 3.29 (m, 2H), 3.10 - 2.86 (m, 3H), 2.30 (s, 6H).
Example 129: 2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[5-methyl-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol- -yl)phenyl] carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000158_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 19 and 2-chloro-4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H25N7O3, 435.49; m/z found 436.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.85 (d, J = 8.3, 1 H), 7.72 (s, 2H), 7.34 - 7.29 (m, 1 H), 7.24 - 7.21 (m, 1 H), 5.39 (s, 1 H), 3.99 - 3.60 (m, 10H), 3.57 - 3.27 (m, 3H), 3.08 - 2.82 (m, 3H), 2.41 (s, 3H).
Example 130: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[5-methyl-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl] carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000158_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 19 and 2-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H25N7O, 403.49; m/z found 404.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.84 (d, J = 8.3, 1 H), 7.72 (br s, 2H), 7.33 - 7.29 (m, 1 H), 7.23 - 7.20 (m, 1 H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 3.91 - 3.80 (m, 2H), 3.73 - 3.54 (m, 3H), 3.50 - 3.24 (m, 2H), 3.07 - 2.81 (m, 3H), 2.40 (s, 3H), 2.29 (s, 6H).
Example 131 : 2-(4-Phenylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydro pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000159_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 26 and Intermediate 2. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C25H23N7O, 437.50; m/z found 438.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.46 - 8.31 (m, 1 H), 8.21 - 7.91 (m, 3H), 7.82 - 7.59 (m, 2H), 7.58 - 7.39 (m, 6H), 7.01 - 6.97 (m, 1 H), 4.04 - 3.31 (m, 7H), 3.17 - 2.86 (m, 3H).
Example 132: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[5-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl- -thiazol-4-yl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000159_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 18 and 2-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H2 FN5OS, 437.54; m/z found 438.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.50 - 7.44 (m, 1 H), 7.32 - 7.23 (m, 1 H), 7.16 - 7.04 (m, 2H),
6.29 (s, 1 H), 3.93 - 3.80 (m, 2H), 3.76 - 3.67 (m, 2H), 3.61 - 3.54 (m, 1 H), 3.51 - 3.37 (m, 2H), 3.29 - 3.22 (m, 1 H), 3.03 - 2.87 (m, 2H), 2.73 (s, 3H),
2.30 (s, 6H).
Example 133: 2-[(2-Thiophen-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin- 2-yl]octahydro pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000160_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 37 and 2-chloro-6-trifluoromethyl-pyridine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H20F3N3OS, 443.49; m/z found 444.1 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.62 - 7.33 (m, 5H), 7.29 - 7.05 (m, 2H), 7.04 - 6.80 (m, 2H), 6.37 (s, 1 H), 4.01 - 2.47 (m, 10H).
Example 134: 2-(6-Methylpyridin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2- lphenyl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000160_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 37 and 2-chloro-6-methyl-pyridine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H23N3OS, 389.52; m/z found 390.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.56 - 7.47 (m, 1 H), 7.45 - 7.10 (m, 6H), 7.07 - 6.91 (m, 1 H), 6.43 (d, J = 7.2, 1 H), 6.04 (s, 1 H), 3.96 - 2.57 (m, 10H), 2.38 (s, 3H).
Example 135: 2-(4-Methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- l)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydro pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000160_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 20 and 2-chloro-4-methyl-pyrimidine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2oH2i N7O, 375.43; m/z found 376.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.17 (d, J = 5.0, 1 H), 7.98 (d, J = 8.1 , 1 H), 7.75 (s, 2H), 7.56 - 7.48 (m, 1 H), 7.44 - 7.40 (m, 2H), 6.40 (d, J = 5.0, 1 H), 3.94 - 3.81 (m, 2H), 3.75 - 3.54 (m, 3H), 3.52 - 3.31 (m, 2H), 3.10 - 2.88 (m, 3H), 2.35 (s, 3H).
Example 136: 2-(4-Methylpyridin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000161_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 37 and 2-chloro-4-methyl-pyridine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H23N3OS, 389.52; m/z found 390.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.00 (d, J = 5.2, 1 H), 7.56 - 7.47 (m, 1 H), 7.45 - 7.31 (m, 3H), 7.25 - 7.1 1 (m, 2H), 7.09 - 6.90 (m, 1 H), 6.42 (d, J = 5.2, 1 H), 6.06 (br s, 1 H), 3.98 - 2.59 (m, 10H), 2.27 (s, 3H).
Example 137: 2-(6-Methoxypyridin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2- lphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000161_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 37 and 2-chloro-6-methoxy-pyridine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H23N3O2S, 405.52; m/z found 406.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.56 - 7.47 (m, 1 H), 7.46 - 7.30 (m, 4H), 7.25 - 7.12 (m, 2H) 7.09 - 6.90 (m, 1 H), 6.01 (d, J = 7.6, 1 H), 5.77 (br s, 1 H), 3.85 (s, 3H), 3.71 2.59 (m, 10H).
Example 138: 2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000162_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 37 and 2-chloro-4,6-dimethoxy-pyridine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H2 N4O3S, 436.54; m/z found 437.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 7.52 (d, J = 7.5, 1 H), 7.45 - 7.33 (m, 3H), 7.30 - 7.15 (m, 2H), 7.00 (br s, 1 H), 5.38 (s, 1 H), 3.97 - 2.60 (m, 16H).
Example 139: 2-{5-[(2-Thiophen-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- rrol-2(1 H)-yl}-1 ,3-benzoxazole.
Figure imgf000162_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 37 and 2-chloro-benzooxazole. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2 H2i N3O2S, 415.52; m/z found 416.1 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.83 - 6.68 (m, 1 1 H), 4.20 - 2.47 (m, 10H).
Example 140: 2-[(2-Thiophen-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin- -yl]octahydro pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000162_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 37 and 2-chloro-3-trifluoromethyl-pyridine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H20F3N3OS, 443.49; m/z found 444.1 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.28 (dd, J = 4.7, 1 .4, 1 H), 7.79 (dd, J = 7.8, 1 .8, 1 H), 7.55 - 7.49 (m, 1 H), 7.46 - 7.33 (m, 3H), 7.30 - 7.19 (m, 2H), 7.01 (br s, 1 H), 6.71 (dd, J = 7.7, 4.7, 1 H), 3.98 - 2.54 (m, 10H).
Example 141 : [5-(4-Phenyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]- -(4H-[1 ,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-phenyl]-methanone.
Figure imgf000163_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 26 and 2-(4H-[1 ,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-benzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C25H23N7O, 437.50; m/z found 438.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 12.43 (br s, 1 H), 8.36 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1 H), 8.14 (d, J = 7.5 Hz, 1 H), 8.08-7.91 (m, 3H), 7.60 - 7.42 (m, 5H), 7.39 - 7.31 (m, 1 H), 6.98 (t, J = 6.1 Hz, 1 H), 4.01 -3.87 (m, 2H), 3.85 - 3.65 (m, 3H), 3.61 -3.40 (m, 2H), 3.28 - 2.89 (m, 3H).
Example 142: 2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[5-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl- 1 ,3-thiazol-4-yl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000163_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 18 and 2-chloro-4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C^s^^NsOsS, 469.54; m/z found 470.0 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.47 (td, J = 7.6, 1 .7, 1 H), 7.32 - 7.24 (m, 1 H), 7.17 - 7.1 1 (m, 1 H), 7.10 - 7.03 (m, 1 H), 5.39 (s, 1 H), 3.94 - 3.78 (m, 8H), 3.75 - 3.65 (m, 2H), 3.61 (dd, J = 12.8, 4.3, 1 H), 3.45 - 3.35 (m, 2H), 3.24 (dd, J = 1 1 .4, 5.4, 1 H), 3.02 - 2.85 (m, 2H), 2.72 (s, 3H). Example 143: 2-(4-Thiophen-2-ylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl} octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000164_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 20 and 2-chloro-4-thiophen-2-yl-pyrimidine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H21 N7OS, 443.53; m/z found 444.1 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.35 - 8.25 (m, 1 H), 7.98 (d, J = 8.1 , 1 H), 7.80 - 7.63 (m, 3H), 7.56 - 7.38 (m, 4H), 7.18 - 7.09 (m, 1 H), 6.85 (d, J = 5.2, 1 H), 4.00 - 3.35 (m, 7H), 3.13 - 2.89 (m, 3H).
Example 144: 2-[5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-Triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-1 ,3-benzoxazole.
Figure imgf000164_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 20 and 2-chloro-benzooxazole. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H20N6O2, 400.44; m/z found 401 .2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.99 (d, J = 8.1 , 1 H), 7.74 ( s, 2H), 7.57 - 7.49 (m, 1 H), 7.46 - 7.40 (m, 2H), 7.40 - 7.36 (m, 1 H), 7.30 - 7.25 (m, 1 H), 7.21 - 7.15 (m, 1 H), 7.06 - 7.01 (m, 1 H), 4.00 - 3.85 (m, 2H), 3.83 - 3.72 (m, 2H), 3.68 - 3.61 (m, 1 H), 3.59 - 3.41 (m, 2H), 3.19 - 2.97 (m, 3H).
Example 145: 2-{5-[(2-Ethoxynaphthalen-1 -yl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl}quinoxaline.
Figure imgf000164_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing 2-(hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-quinoxaline (Intermediate 35) and 2-ethoxy-naphthalene-1 -carboxylic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C27H26N4O2, 438.53; m/z found 439.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.32 (d, J = 16.4, 1 H), 7.95 - 7.55 (m, 6H), 7.52 - 7.17 (m, 4H), 4.34 - 2.94 (m, 12H), 1 .49 - 1 .19 (m, 3H).
Example 146: 2-{5-[(5-Fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl}quinoxaline.
Figure imgf000165_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 35 and Intermediate 13. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C25H2i FN6O, 440.48; m/z found 441 .2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.71 (d, J = 4.9, 2H), 8.37 - 8.30 (m, 2H), 7.92 - 7.88 (m, 1 H), 7.72 - 7.69 (m, 1 H), 7.63 - 7.57 (m, 1 H), 7.43 - 7.37 (m, 1 H), 7.23 - 7.17 (m, 1 H), 7.1 1 - 7.05 (m, 2H), 4.03 - 3.93 (m, 2H), 3.87 - 3.70 (m, 3H), 3.67 - 3.56 (m, 2H), 3.26 - 3.03 (m, 3H).
Example 147: 2-(6-Ethoxypyridin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- l)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydro pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000165_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 20 and 2-chloro-6-ethoxypyridine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H2 N6O2, 404.47; m/z found 405.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.98 (d, J = 8.1 , 1 H), 7.72 (s, 2H), 7.56 - 7.49 (m, 1 H), 7.46 7.33 (m, 3H), 6.00 (d, J = 7.7, 1 H), 5.83 (d, J = 7.9, 1 H), 4.33 - 4.23 (m, 2H), 3.93 - 3.82 (m, 1 H), 3.79 - 3.67 (m, 2H), 3.59 - 3.49 (m, 1 H), 3.47 - 3.33 (m, 2H), 3.32 - 3.25 (m, 1 H), 3.1 1 - 2.86 (m, 3H), 1 .38 (t, J = 7.1 , 3H).
Example 148: 2-[(5-Fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-[4- (trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000166_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 33 and Intermediate 13. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22Hi8F4N6O, 459.42; m/z found 459.1 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.74 (d, J = 4.9, 2H), 8.60 - 8.28 (m, 2H), 7.23 - 7.04 (m, 3H), 6.84 - 6.75 (m, 1 H), 4.03 - 2.97 (m, 10H).
Example 149: 2-[5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-Triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]quinoxaline.
Figure imgf000166_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 20 and 2-chloroquinoxaline. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H2i N7O, 41 1.47; m/z found 412.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.31 (s, 1 H), 8.01 - 7.95 (m, 1 H), 7.92 - 7.88 (m, 1 H), 7.79 - 7.65 (m, 3H), 7.62 - 7.32 (m, 5H), 4.01 - 3.35 (m, 7H), 3.22 - 2.98 (m, 3H).
Example 150: 2-[(5-Fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4- methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000167_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 32 and Intermediate 13. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H21 FN6O2, 420.45; m/z found 421 .2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.73 (d, J = 4.9, 2H), 8.35 (dd, J = 8.8, 5.6, 1 H), 8.06 (d, J = 5.7, 1 H), 7.23 - 7.02 (m, 3H), 6.01 (d, J = 5.7, 1 H), 4.01 - 3.43 (m, 10H), 3.23 - 2.90 (m, 3H).
Example 151 : 2-(4-Furan-2-ylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- l)phenyl]carbonyl} octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000167_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 20 and 2-chloro-4-furan-2-yl-pyrimidine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H2i N7OS, 427.47; m/z found 428.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.37 - 8.30 (m, 1 H), 7.98 (d, J = 8.1 , 1 H), 7.80 - 7.37 (m, 6H), 7.20 - 7.1 1 (m, 1 H), 6.89 (d, J = 5.1 , 1 H), 6.59 - 6.50 (m, 1 H), 3.99 - 3.30 (m, 7H), 3.12 - 2.91 (m, 3H).
Example 152: 2-(5-Fluoropyridin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydro pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000167_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 20 and 2,5-difluoropyridine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2oHi9FN6O, 378.41 ; m/z found 379.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.03 (d, J = 3.0, 1 H), 7.99 (d, J = 8.1 , 1 H), 7.73 (br s, 2H), 7.58 - 7.37 (m, 3H), 7.30 - 7.18 (m, 1 H), 6.26 (dd, J = 9.1 , 3.3, 1 H), 3.95 - 3.84 (m, 1 H), 3.77 - 3.24 (m, 6H), 3.13 - 2.89 (m, 3H).
Example 153: 2-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-Triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-[4- (trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000168_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 20 and 2-chloro-4-trifluoromethyl-pyrimidine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C20H18F3N7O, 429.40; m/z found 430.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.58 - 8.40 (m, 1 H), 7.99 (d, J = 8.1 , 1 H), 7.75 (br s, 2H), 7.56 - 7.48 (m, 1 H), 7.45 - 7.39 (m, 2H), 6.80 (d, J = 4.9, 1 H), 3.99 - 3.29 (m, 7H), 3.19 - 2.91 (m, 3H).
Example 154: 2-(4-Methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-5- yl)phenyl]carbonyl} octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000168_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 32 and 2-(4H-[1 ,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-benzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C20H2i N7O, 391 .44; m/z found 392.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.16 - 7.92 (m, 3H), 7.55 - 7.44 (m, 2H), 7.39 - 7.34 (m, 1 H), 6.00 (d, J = 5.8, 1 H), 4.02 - 3.33 (m, 10H), 3.20 - 2.83 (m, 4H). Example 155: 2-(3,6-Dimethylpyrazin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octa hydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000169_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 20 and 3-chloro-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C20H21 N7O2, 391 .44; m/z found 390.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.00 (d, J = 8.1 , 1 H), 7.88 - 7.67 (m, 3H), 7.62 - 7.39 (m, 3H), 3.90 (dd, J = 12.6, 7.6, 1 H), 3.77 (dd, J = 10.7, 7.5, 1 H), 3.72 - 3.60 (m, 2H), 3.52 (dd, J = 10.8, 5.1 , 1 H), 3.43 - 3.28 (m, 2H), 3.10 - 2.97 (m, 2H), 2.95 - 2.85 (m, 1 H), 2.51 (s, 3H), 2.36 (s, 3H).
Example 156: 2-(4-Methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(2H-1 , 2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octa hydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000169_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 20 and 2-chloro-4-methoxypyrimidine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C20H21 N7O2, 391 .43; m/z found 392.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.08 - 8.03 (m, 1 H), 7.99 (d, J = 8.1 , 1 H), 7.75 (s, 2H), 7.57 - 7.48 (m, 1 H), 7.44 - 7.41 (m, 2H), 6.00 (d, J = 5.7, 1 H), 3.97 - 3.79 (m, 5H), 3.77 - 3.63 (m, 2H), 3.61 - 3.53 (m, 1 H), 3.50 - 3.30 (m, 2H), 3.09 - 2.89, (m, 3H).
Example 157: 2-{[5-Chloro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-(4,6- dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000170_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and Intermediate 9. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C21 H22CIN7O, 423.91 ; m/z found 424.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.95 (d, J = 8.7, 1 H), 7.74 (s, 2H), 7.48 (dd, J = 8.7, 2.3, 1 H), 7.40 (d, J = 2.3, 1 H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 3.94 - 3.81 (m, 2H), 3.75 - 3.57 (m, 3H), 3.55 - 3.29 (m, 2H), 3.1 1 - 2.78 (m, 3H), 2.30 (s, 6H).
Example 158: 2-{[4-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-(6- meth lpyrazin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000170_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 22 and 2-chloro-6-methyl-pyrazine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C20H2oFN7O, 393.43; m/z found 394.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400
MHz, CDCI3): 7.82 - 7.69 (m, 4H), 7.64 (s, 1 H), 7.40 (dd, J = 8.5, 5.8, 1 H), 7.17 - 7.10 (m, 1 H), 3.97 - 3.83 (m, 1 H), 3.81 - 3.68 (m, 2H), 3.65 - 3.55 (m, 1 H), 3.53 - 3.29 (m, 3H), 3.18 - 2.88 (m, 3H), 2.38 (s, 3H).
Example 159: 2-{[4-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-(4- m thoxypyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000170_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 22 and 2-chloro-4-methoxypyrimidine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2oH2oFN7O2, 409.43; m/z found 388.3 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 8.06 (d, J = 5.7, 1 H), 7.88 - 7.62 (m, 3H), 7.45 - 7.37 (m, 1 H), 7.18 - 7.10 (m, 1 H), 6.01 (d, J = 5.7, 1 H), 4.00 - 3.81 (m, 5H), 3.70 (dd, J = 20.4, 8.4, 2H), 3.62 - 3.53 (m, 1 H), 3.51 - 3.28 (m, 2H), 3.13 - 2.84 (m, 3H).
Example 160: 2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[4-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol- 2-yl)phenyl] carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000171_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 22 and 2-chloro-4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2i H22FN7O3, 439.45; m/z found 440.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.86 - 7.66 (m, 3H), 7.47 - 7.34 (m, 1 H), 7.17 - 7.06
(m,1 H), 5.40 (s, 1 H), 3.98 - 3.77 (m, 8H), 3.76 - 3.61 (m, 2H), 3.60 - 3.52 (m, 1 H), 3.50 - 3.29 (m, 2H), 3.09 - 2.84 (m, 3H).
Example 161 : [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2- l]-(5-methoxy-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000171_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and Intermediate 10. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H25N7O2, 419.49; m/z found 420.3 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7. (d, 1 H), 7.74 - 7.64 (m, 2H), 7.07 - 6.99 (m, 1 H), 6.94 - 6.88 (m, 1 H), 6.27 (s, J = 20.0, 1 H), 3.94 - 3.75 (m, 5H), 3.73 - 3.25 (m, 5H), 3.08 - 2.81 (m, 3H), 2.32 - 2.27 (m, 6H).
Example 162: (2-Fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-[5-(4-methoxy-pynmidin-2- l)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone.
Figure imgf000172_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 12 and 2-chloro-4-methoxypyrimidine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C20H20FN7O2, 409.42; m/z found 410.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.10 - 8.01 (m, 1 H), 7.92 - 7.78 (m, 2H), 7.73 (s, 1 H), 7.53 - 7.41 (m, 1 H), 7.19 - 7.06 (m, 1 H), 6.03 - 5.97 (m, 1 H), 4.02 - 3.46 (m, 10H), 3.33 - 3.20 (m, 1 H), 3.16 - 2.88 (m, 2H).
Example 163: 6-Chloro-2-{5-[(2,4- dimethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl}-1 ,3- benzothiazole.
Figure imgf000172_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 40 and 2,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H22CIN3O3S, 443.96; m/z found 444.2 [M+H]+.
Example 164: 2-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)-5-(4-phenylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000173_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 26 and biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C29H26N4O, 446.56; m/z found, 447.3 [M+H]+.
Example 165: 2-{5-[(2,6-Dimethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl}quinoxaline.
Figure imgf000173_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 35 and 2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C23H2 N4O3, 404.47; m/z found, 405.3 [M+H]+.
Example 166: 2-[(2,6-Dimethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4-phenylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo [3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000173_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 26 and 2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd for C25H26N4O3, 430.51 ; m/z found, 431 .2 [M+H]+.
Example 167: 2-[(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4-phenylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo [3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000174_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 26 and 2,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C25H26N4O3j 430.51 ; m/z found, 431 .2 [M+H]+.
Example 168: 2-[5-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl]quinoxaline.
Figure imgf000174_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 35 and biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C27H2 N4O, 420.52; m/z found, 421 .3 [M+H]+.
Example 169: 2-[5-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- -1 ,3-benzothiazole.
Figure imgf000174_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 17 and 2-chloro-benzothiazole. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C26H23N3OS, 425.56; m/z found, 426.2 [M+H]+.
Example 170: 2-{5-[(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl}-4-methylquinoline.
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 38 and 2-chloro-4-methyl-quinoline. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C25H27N3O3, 417.51 ; m/z found, 418.3 [M+H]+.
Example 171 : 2-{5-[(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- zothiazole.
Figure imgf000175_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 38 and 2-chloro-6-methoxy-benzothiazole. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C23H25N3O4S, 439.54; m/z found, 440.2 [M+H]+.
Example 172: 2-{5-[(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- zothiazole.
Figure imgf000175_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 38 and 2-chloro-6-methyl-benzothiazole. MS (ESI) calcd. for C23H25N3O3S, 423.54; m/z found, 424.2 [M+H]+.
Example 173: 2-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)-5-(6-methylpyridin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000176_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 17 and 2-chloro-6-methyl-pyridine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for 025Η25Ν43Ο, 383.5; m/z found, 384.3 [M+H]+.
Example 174: 2-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)-5-(4-methylpyrimidin-2- l)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000176_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 17 and 2-chloro-4-methyl-pyrimidine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C24H24N4O, 384.49; m/z found, 385.2 [M+H]+.
Example 175: 2-[5-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- l]quinoline.
Figure imgf000176_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 17 and 2-chloro-quinoline. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C28H25N3O, 419.53; m/z found, 420.3 [M+H]+.
Example 176: 2-[5-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl]-6-fluoro-1 ,3-benzothiazole.
Figure imgf000177_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 17 and 2-chloro-6-fluoro-benzothiazole. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C26H22FN3OS, 443.55; m/z found, 444.2 [M+H]+.
Example 177: 2-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)-5-(4-methoxypyrimidin-2- l)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000177_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 17 and 2-chloro-4-methoxypyrimidine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for 02 Η24Ν4Ο2, 400.48; m/z found, 401 .2 [M+H]+.
Example 178: 2-[5-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- -4-methylquinoline.
Figure imgf000177_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 17 and 2-chloro-4-methyl-quinoline. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C29H27N3O, 433.56; m/z found, 434.3 [M+H]+.
Example 179: (2,4-Dimethoxy-phenyl)-[5-(4-methoxy-pyrimidin-2-yl)- hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone.
Figure imgf000178_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 38 and 2-chloro-4-methoxypyrimidine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2oH24N4O4, 384.43; m/z found 385.2 [M+H]+.
Example 180: (5-Benzooxazol-2-yl-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-(2- methoxy-phenyl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000178_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 28 and 2-methoxybenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C21 H21 N3O3, 363.42; m/z found 364.2 [M+H]+.
Example 181 : (2-Pyridin-3-yl-phenyl)-(5-quinoxalin-2-yl-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2-yl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000178_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 35 and 2-pyridin-3-yl-benzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C26H23N5O, 421 .51 ; m/z found 422.3 [M+H]+.
Example 182: [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2- yl]-[2-(1 H-imidazol-2-yl)-phenyl]-methanone.
Figure imgf000179_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2-(1 H-imidazol-2-yl)-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H2 N6O, 388.47; m/z found, 398.2 [M+H]+.
Example 183: (5-Benzooxazol-2-yl-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-(2,4- dimethoxy-phenyl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000179_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 28 and 2,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for 022Η23Ν3Ο4, 393.45; m/z found 394.2 [M+H]+.
Example 184: (5-Benzooxazol-2-yl-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)- biphenyl-2-yl-methanone.
Figure imgf000179_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 17 and 2-chloro-benzooxazole. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C26H23N3O2, 409.49; m/z found 410.2 [M+H]+.
Example 185: (2,4-Dimethoxy-phenyl)-[5-(6-methyl-pyridin-2-yl)-hexahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone.
Figure imgf000180_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 38 and 2-chloro-6-methyl-pyridine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C21 H25N3O3, 367.45; m/z found 368.3 [M+H]+.
Example 186: (2,4-Dimethoxy-phenyl)-[5-(4-methyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone.
Figure imgf000180_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 38 and 2-chloro-4-methylpyrimidine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2oH24FN4O3, 368.43; m/z found 369.3 [M+H]+.
Example 187: Biphenyl-2-yl-[5-(6-methoxy-benzothiazol-2-yl)-hexahydro- rrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone.
Figure imgf000180_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 17 and 2-chloro-6-methoxy-benzothiazole. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C27H25N3O2S, 455.57; m/z found 456.2 [M+H]+.
Example 188: Biphenyl-2-yl-[5-(6-methyl-benzothiazol-2-yl)-hexahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone.
Figure imgf000181_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 17 and 2-chloro-6-methyl-benzothiazole. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C27H25N3OS, 439.57; m/z found 440.2 [M+H]\
Example 189: [5-(6-Chloro-benzothiazol-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2- -(2,6-dimethoxy-phenyl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000181_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 40 and 2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H22CIN3O3S, 443.96; m/z found 444.2 [M+H]+.
Example 190: Biphenyl-2-yl-[5-(6-chloro-benzothiazol-2-yl)-hexahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone.
Figure imgf000181_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 40 and biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C26H22CIN3O3S, 459.99; m/z found 460.2 [M+H]+.
Example 191 : (2,4-Dimethoxy-phenyl)-(5-quinoxalin-2-yl-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2-yl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000182_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 35 and 2,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H2 N4O3, 404.47; m/z found 405.3 [M+H]+.
Example 192: (5-Benzooxazol-2-yl-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-(2,6- dimethoxy-phenyl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000182_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 41 and 2-chloro-benzooxazole. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H23N3O4, 393.45; m/z found 394.2 [M+H]+.
Example 193: (4'-Methyl-biphenyl-2-yl)-(5-quinoxalin-2-yl-hexahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000182_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 35 and 4'-methyl-biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C28H26N4O, 434.55; m/z found 435.3 [M+H]+.
Example 194: (5-Quinoxalin-2-yl-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-(4'- trifluoromethyl-biphenyl-2-yl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000183_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 35 and 4'-trifluoromethyl-biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C^H sFsNUO, 488.50; m/z found 489.2 [M+H]+.
Example 195: (4'-Methyl-biphenyl-2-yl)-[5-(4-phenyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone.
Figure imgf000183_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 26 and 4'-methyl-biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C3oH28N4O, 460.58; m/z found 461 .3 [M+H]+.
Example 196: [5-(4-Phenyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]- (4'-trifluoromethyl-biphenyl-2-yl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000183_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 26 and 4'-trifluoromethyl-biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for CsoHssFsNUO, 514.56; m/z found 515.3 [M+H]+. Example 197: (4-Methoxy-2-methyl-phenyl)-(5-quinoxalin-2-yl-hexahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000184_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 35 and 4-methoxy-2-methyl-benzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H24N4O2, 388.47; m/z found 389.2 [M+H]+.
Example 198: (3'-Chloro-biphenyl-2-yl)-[5-(4-phenyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone.
Figure imgf000184_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 26 and 3'-chloro-biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C29H25CIN4O, 480.99; m/z found 481 .2 [M+H]+.
Example 199: (2-Methoxy-phenyl)-[5-(4-methoxy-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone.
Figure imgf000184_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 32 and 2-methoxybenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for Ci9H22N4O3, 354.41 ; m/z found 355.2 [M+H]+. Example 200: (2-Methoxy-phenyl)-[5-(4-methyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone.
Figure imgf000185_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 27 and 2-methoxybenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for Ci9H22N4O2, 338.41 ; m/z found 339.3 [M+H]+.
Example 201 : [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2- -(2-methoxy-phenyl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000185_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2-methoxybenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2oH24N4O2, 352.44; m/z found 353.3 [M+H]+.
Example 202: 2-[5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole-2-carbonyl]-benzonitrile.
Figure imgf000185_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2-cyanobenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C20H21 N5O, 347.42; m/z found 348.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.51 - 8.39 (m, 2H), 7.37-7.32 (m, 1 H), 7.25 - 7.06 (m, 3H), 6.76 (t, J = 13.7 Hz, 1 H), 4.18 - 3.96 (m, 3H), 3.48 - 3.33 (m, 1 H), 3.05 (dd, J = 12.9, 6.4 Hz, 1 H), 2.69 - 2.27 (m, 10H), 1 .68 - 1 .50 (m, 5H), 1 .50 - 1 .37 (m, 3H). Example 203: Cinnolin-4-yl-[5-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro- rrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone.
Figure imgf000186_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and cinnoline-4-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2i H22N6O, 374.45; m/z found 375.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 9.26 (s, 1 H), 8.61 (dd, J = 8.4, 1 .1 Hz, 1 H), 7.96-7.85 (m, 2H), 7.83 - 7.74 (m, 1 H), 6.33 (s, 1 H), 4.13-4.07 (m, 1 H), 3.92 (dd, J = 1 1 .7, 7.5 Hz, 1 H), 3.84 (dd, J = 13.0, 4.9 Hz, 1 H), 3.78-3.68(m, 2H), 3.54-3.42 (m, 2H), 3.20 - 3.09 (m, 2H), 3.04-2.98(m, 1 H), 2.29 (s, 6H).
Example 204: (5-Fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2-yl-phenyl)-[5-(6-methyl-2-trifluoromethyl- rimidin-4-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone.
Figure imgf000186_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 13 and Intermediate 31 . MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H2oF4N6O, 472.45; m/z found 473.2 [M+H]+.
Example 205: [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2- -(2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-1 -yl-phenyl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000186_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 3 and Intermediate 15 as starting materials. In this case Intermediate C was coupled to Intermediate 15 first then the t-butylcarboxylate was removed prior to the addition of 2-chloro-4,6-methylpyrimidine. (ESI): mass calculated for C21 H23N7O, 389.46; m/z found 390.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.99 (d, J = 1 .0 Hz, 1 H), 7.79 (d, J = 0.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.67 - 7.62 (m, 1 H), 7.62-7.52 (m, 2H), 7.49 - 7.45 (m, 1 H), 7.27 (s, 1 H), 3.87 - 3.65 (m, 3H), 3.54 - 3.44 (m, 2H), 3.38 - 3.25 (m, 2H), 3.04 - 2.78 (m, 3H), 2.29 (s, 6H).
Example 206: [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2- l]-(2-[1 ,2,4]triazol-1 -yl-phenyl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000187_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2-(4H-[1 ,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C21 H23N7O, 389.46; m/z found, 390.2 [M+H]+.
Example 207: [5-(4,6-Dimethoxy-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl]-(3-phenyl-pyridin-2-yl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000187_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 39 and 3-phenyl-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C^^sNsOs, 431 .50; m/z found 432.3 [M+H]+.
Example 208: [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2- yl]-(3-phenyl-pyridin-2-yl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000188_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 3-phenyl-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for 024Η25Ν5Ο, 399.5; m/z found 400.3 [M+H]+.
Example 209: [5-(6-Methyl-2-propyl-pyrimidin-4-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- -yl-phenyl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000188_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 20 and 4-chloro-6-methyl-2-propyl-pyrimidine. MS mass calculated for C23H27N7O, 417.51 ; m/z found 418.2 [M+H]+.
Example 210: [5-(2-Methyl-pyrimidin-4-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]- -[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000188_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 20 and 4-chloro-2-methyl-pyrimidine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C20H21 N7O, 375.43; m/z found 376.2 [M+H]+.
Example 21 1 : [5-(6-Methyl-pyrazin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(2- [1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000189_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 20 and 2-chloro-6-methyl-pyrazine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C20H21 N7O, 375.43; m/z found 376.2 [M+H]+.
Example 212: [5-(3,6-Dimethyl-pyrazin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2- -(5-fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2-yl-phenyl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000189_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 34 and Intermediate 13. MS MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H23FN6O, 418.47; m/z found 419.2 [M+H]+.
Example 213: [5-(3,6-Dimethyl-pyrazin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2- -[2-(2H-[1 ,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-phenyl]-methanone.
Figure imgf000189_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 34 and 2-(4H-[1 ,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C21 H23N7O, 389.46; m/z found 390.2 [M+H]+.
Example 214: [5-(2-Pyrrolidin-1 -yl-6-trifluoromethyl-pyrimidin-4-yl)-hexahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000190_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 20 and 4-chloro-2-pyrrolidin-1 -yl-6-trifluoromethyl- pyrimidine acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C24H25F3N8O, 498.51 ; m/z found 499.2 [M+H]+.
Example 215: 2-(2,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-4-yl)-5-{[5-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000190_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 23, substituting (5-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)(hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone (Intermediate 21 ) for hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester and 4-chloro-2,6-dimethylpyrimidine for 2-chloro-4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidine in Step A. MS (ESI) mass calcd for
C2i H22FN7O, 407.19; m/z found, 408.2 [M+H]+.
Prophetic Examples 216-218 may be synthesized using the general schemes provided above.
Example 216: [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2- -(2-nitro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000190_0003
MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C21 H22N8O3, 434.45. Example 217: [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2- -(2-furan-2-yl-phenyl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000191_0001
MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C23H24N4O3, 388.46.
Example 218: [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2- -(2-methyl-5-phenyl-thiazol-4-yl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000191_0002
MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C23H25N5OS, 419.54.
Example 219: 2-[(2,3-Dimethylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000191_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2,3-dimethylbenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2i H26N4O, 350.47; m/z found 351 .3 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.16 - 7.05 (m, 2H), 7.02 (d, J = 7.1 Hz, 1 H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 4.00-3.86 (m, 2H), 3.78 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 7.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.70-3.58 (m, 2H), 3.49 - 3.38 (m, 2H), 3.17 - 3.02 (m, 2H), 2.99 - 2.92 (m, 1 H), 2.35 - 2.28 (s, 6H), 2.27 (s, 3H), 2.19 (s, 3H). Example 220: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(3-fluoro-2- methylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000192_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 3-fluoro-2-methylbenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2oH23FN4O, 354.4; m/z found 355.3 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 7.22 - 7.14 (m, 1 H), 7.06-6.95 (m, 2H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 4.00-3.86 (m, 2H), 3.78 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 7.3 Hz, 1 H), 3.70-3.58 (m, 2H), 3.52 - 3.39 (m, 2H), 3.19 - 3.02 (m, 2H), 3.02 - 2.92 (m, 1 H), 2.30 (s, 6H), 2.21 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 3H).
Example 221 : 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[5-fluoro-2- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000192_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 5-fluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2oH2oF4N4O, 408.4; m/z found 409.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.71 (dd, J = 8.8, 5.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.22 - 7.14 (m, 1 H), 7.06
(dd, J = 8.1 , 2.3 Hz, 1 H), 6.31 (s, 1 H), 4.01 -3.87 (m, 2H), 3.79 (dd, J = 1 1 .7, 7.3 Hz, 1 H), 3.69 - 3.56 (m, 2H), 3.53 - 3.41 (m, 2H), 3.19 - 3.04 (m, 2H), 3.05- 2.97 (m, 1 H), 2.30 (s, 6H).
Example 222: 2-[(4-Chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4,6- dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000193_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 4-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C20H23CIN4O2, 386.9; m/z found 389.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 7.18 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 6.97 (dd, J = 8.0, 1 .8 Hz, 1 H), 6.89 (d, J = 1 .7 Hz, 1 H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 3.98 - 3.82 (m, 2H), 3.80 (s, 3H), 3.78 - 3.73 (m, 1 H), 3.68-3.59 (m, 2H), 3.55 - 3.44 (m, 2H), 3.19 (dd, J = 1 1 .1 , 5.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.13 - 2.90 (m, 2H), 2.29 (s, 6H).
Example 223: 2-[(5-Chloro-2-methylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin- -yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000193_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 5-chloro-2-methylbenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C20H23CIN4O, 370.9; m/z found 371 .2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.26-7.21 (m, 1 H), 7.18-7.13 (m, 2H), 6.31 (s, 1 H), 4.00 - 3.86 (m, 2H), 3.79 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 7.3 Hz, 1 H), 3.68-3.57 (m, 2H), 3.51 - 3.42 (m, 2H), 3.17 - 2.94 (m, 3H), 2.30 (s, 6H), 2.26 (s, 3H).
Example 224: 2-[(2,5-Dimethylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000194_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2,5-dimethylbenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2i H26N4O, 350.5; m/z found 351 .3 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 7.1 1 - 7.03 (m, 2H), 6.99 (s, 1 H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 4.00-3.87 (m, 2H), 3.78 (dd, J = 1 1 .5, 7.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.70-3.58 (m, 2H), 3.50-3.42 (m, 2H), 3.15-2.90 (m, 3H), 2.32 (s, 3H), 2.32 (s, 3H), 2.24 (s, 3H).
Example 225: 2-[(2,6-Dimethylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000194_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2,6-dimethylbenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2i H26N4O, 350.5; m/z found 351 .3 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.13 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 1 H), 7.51 -7.00 (m, 2H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 4.15-3.87 (m, 2H), 3.85-3.75 (m, 1 H), 3.73-3.67 (m, 1 H), 3.63-3.55 (m, 1 H), 3.50 - 3.44 (m, 1 H), 3.40-3.33 (m, 1 H), 3.08 - 2.90 (m, 3H), 2.28 (s, 6H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 1 .80 (s, 3H).
Example 226: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(5-fluoro-2- methylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000194_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 5-fluoro-2-methylbenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2oH23FN4O, 354.4; m/z found 355.3 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 7.16 (dd, J = 8.5, 5.4 Hz, 1 H), 6.98-6.92 (m, 1 H), 6.90 (dd, J = 8.5, 2.7 Hz, 1 H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 3.98-3.87 (m 2H), 3.79 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 7.3 Hz, 1 H), 3.68- 3.57 (m, 2H), 3.50-3.43 (m, 2H), 3.16 - 2.94 (m, 3H), 2.30 (s, 6H), 2.26 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 3H).
Example 227: 2-[(2,4-Dimethylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000195_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2,4-dimethylbenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2i H26N4O, 350.5; m/z found 351 .3 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.02 (s, 2H), 6.29 (s, OH), 3.92 (ddd, J = 19.2, 12.2, 7.7 Hz, 2H), 3.77 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 7.4 Hz, OH), 3.63 (ddd, J = 18.1 , 12.2, 4.9 Hz, 1 H), 3.52 - 3.39 (m, 1 H), 3.06 (ddd, J = 50.9, 27.4, 6.2 Hz, OH), 2.30 (d, J = 6.6 Hz, 3H), 2.28 - 2.24 (m, 3H).
Example 228: 2-[(2,5-Diethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000195_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2,5-diethoxybenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H3oN4O3, 410.5; m/z found 41 1 .3 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 6.89 - 6.77 (m, 3H), 6.28 (s, 1 H), 4.04 - 3.83 (m, 6H), 3.80-3.74 (m, 1 H), 3.70 - 3.44 (m, 4H), 3.27 (s, 1 H), 3.13 - 2.90 (m, 2H), 2.26 (s, 6H), 1 .44 - 1 .23 (m, 6H).
Example 229: 2-[(2,6-Diethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000196_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2,6-diethoxybenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H3oN4O3, 410.5; m/z found 41 1 .3 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.19 (t, J = 8.4 Hz, 1 H), 6.55-6.46 (m, 2H), 6.27 (s, 1 H), 4.06 (q, J = 7.0 Hz, 2H), 3.98 (q, J = 7.0 Hz, 2H), 3.94 - 3.82 (m, 2H), 3.79-3.65 (m, 2H), 3.61 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 5.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.57 - 3.42 (m, 2H), 3.17 (dd, J = 1 1 .0, 5.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.1 1 - 2.87 (m, 2H), 2.31 -2.27 (m, 6H), 1 .44 - 1 .25 (m, 6H).
Example 230: 2-[(2-Chloro-6-methylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin- -yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000196_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2-chloro-6-methylbenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2oH23CIN4O, 370.9; m/z found 371 .2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): (rotamers observed) 7.24 - 7.14 (m, 2H), 7.15-7.07 (m, 1 H), 6.31 -6.28 (m, 1 H), 4.06 - 3.85 (m, 2H), 3.85 - 3.75 (m, 1 H), 3.74-3.36 (m, 1 H), 3.65-3.52 (m, 2H), 3.45-3.51 (m, 1 H), 3.37-3.30 (m, 1 H), 3.25 - 3.14 (m, 1 H), 3.14 - 2.94 (m, 2H), 2.37 - 2.23 (m, 9H). Example 231 : (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(4-fluoro-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000197_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, substituting Intermediate 87 for 3-fluoro-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C23H23FN6O, 418.47; m/z found, 419.2 [M+H]+.
Example 232: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(3-fluoro-2-iodophenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000197_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 substituting 2-iodo-3-fluorobenzoic acid for 3-fluoro-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for Ci9H20FIN4O, 466.3; m/z found, 467.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.36 (ddd, J = 8.2, 7.5, 5.2 Hz, 1 H), 7.04 (ddd, J = 8.5, 7.7, 1 .3 Hz, 2H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 3.94 (ddd, J = 20.9, 12.2, 7.6 Hz, 2H), 3.79 (dd, J = 1 1 .7, 7.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.69 (dd, J = 12.8, 4.6 Hz, 1 H), 3.64 (dd, J = 1 1 .7, 5.1 Hz, 1 H), 3.58 - 3.51 (m, 1 H), 3.47 (dd, J = 10.8, 7.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.16 - 2.98 (m, 3H), 2.29 (s, 6H).
Example 233: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3- yl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000198_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C19H20F3N5O, 391 .4; m/z found 392.9 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 8.77 (dd, J = 4.7, 1 .0 Hz, 1 H), 7.74 (d, J = 6.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.55 (dd, J = 12.4, 6.2 Hz, 1 H), 6.31 (s, 1 H), 3.99 (dd, J = 12.8, 7.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.90 (dd, J = 1 1 .7, 7.6 Hz, 1 H), 3.80 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 7.3 Hz, 1 H), 3.71 - 3.57 (m, 2H), 3.50 - 3.41 (m, 2H), 3.16 - 3.06 (m, 2H), 3.06-2.97 (m, 1 H), 2.34 (s, 5H).
Example 234: 2-Bromopyridin-3-yl)(5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000198_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 1 utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2-bromopyridine-3-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for Ci8H2oBrN5O, 401 .09; m/z found 402.9 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCI3): 8.41 (dd, J = 4.7, 1 .8, 1 H), 7.66 - 7.54 (m, 1 H), 7.34 (dd, J = 7.4, 4.8, 1 H), 6.38 - 6.24 (m, 1 H), 3.94 (dd, J = 12.1 , 7.6, 2H), 3.80 (dd, J = 1 1 .5, 7.3, 1 H), 3.74 - 3.46 (m, 4H), 3.31 - 3.01 (m, 3H), 2.40 - 2.23 (m, 6H).
Example 235: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000198_0003
To a solution of 2-bromopyridin-3-yl)(5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)nnethanone (Example 234) (50 mg, 0.14 mmol), 2-tributylstannylpyrimidine (50 mg, 0.14 mmol), and copper iodide (2.6 mg, 0.014 mmol) in 1 ,4 dioxane (1 mL) was added Pd(PPh3)4 (16 mg, 0.014 mmol). The reaction was irradiated in a microwave reactor at 160 °C for one hour. The resulting solution was filtered through Celite®, washed with DCM, and concentrated. Purification (FCC) (MeOH (NH3)/DCM) gave the title compound (35 mg, 64%). MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H23N7O, 401 .20; m/z found 402.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.85 (s, 3H), 7.70 (d, J = 6.7, 1 H), 7.48 - 7.42 (m, 1 H), 7.21 (d, J = 4.4, 1 H), 6.32 - 6.24 (m, 1 H), 3.93 - 3.79 (m, 2H), 3.75 - 3.61 (m, 3H), 3.52 (s, 1 H), 3.52 - 3.42 (m, 1 H), 3.17 (dd, J = 10.8, 5.0, 1 H), 3.09 - 2.88 (m, 2H), 2.37 - 2.22 (m, 6H).
Example 236: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl)(2-(1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)pyridin-3- yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000199_0001
To a solution of 2-bromopyridin-3-yl)(5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone (Example 234) (50 mg, 0.12 mmol), 4-(terahydropyran-2H-yl)-1 H pyrazole-5 boronic acid pinacol ester (35 mg, 0.12 mmol), TBAB (4.0 mg, 0.012 mmol), and PdCI2(dppf) (10 mg, 0.012 mmol) in toluene (0.6 mL) was added 2N aq. Na2CO3 (0.12 ml, 0.25 mmol). The reaction was irradiated in a microwave reactor at 1 10 °C for one hour. The resulting solution was filtered through Celite®, washed with DCM, and concentrated. Purification (FCC) (MeOH (NH3)/DCM) gave the title compound (52 mg, 88%). MS (ESI): mass calculated for C26H31 N7O2, 473.25; m/z found 474.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.72 (dd, J = 4.7, 1 .8, 1 H), 7.76 (dd, J = 8.0, 1 .7, 1 H), 7.62 - 7.45 (m, 1 H), 7.34 (ddd, J = 7.7, 4.8, 1 .5, 1 H), 6.56 (dd, J = 18.2, 9.1 , 1 H), 6.33 - 6.23 (m, 1 H), 3.91 - 3.71 (m, 2H), 3.72 - 3.53 (m, 3H), 3.53 - 3.36 (m, 2H), 3.36 - 3.06 (m, 3H), 2.98 - 2.70 (m, 3H), 2.65 (d, J = 6.4, 1 H), 2.51 (d, J = 10.0, 1 H), 2.28 (d, J = 9.8, 6H), 2.18 - 2. (m, 2H), 1 .94 (s, 3H).
Example 237: (2-(1 H-Pyrazol-5-yl)pyridin-3-yl)(5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000200_0001
To a solution of (5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl)(2-(1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)pyridin-3- yl)methanone (Example 236) (210 mg, 0.43 mmol) in THF (10 mL) and H2O (1 mL) was added 4 N aq. HCI (1 mL). The reaction was let stir for 2 hours, neutralized with 3 N aq. NaOH, and extracted with DCM (3 x 20 mL). The organics were combined, dried with Na2SO4, and concentrated. Purification (FCC) (MeOH (NH3)/DCM) gave the title compound (128 mg, 73%) (MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2i H23N7O, 389.20; m/z found 390.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCIs): 8.68 - 8.59 (m, 1 H), 7.63 (d, J = 9.1 , 2H), 7.32 - 7.20 (m, 1 H), 6.80 (d, J = 2.2, 1 H), 6.33 - 6.19 (m, 1 H), 3.92 - 3.55 (m, 5H), 3.54 - 2.78 (m, 5H), 2.37 - 2.24 (m, 6H).
Example 238: (2-(2H-1 ,2,3-Triazol-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl)(5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000200_0002
To a solution of 2-bromopyridin-3-yl)(5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone (Example 234) (150 mg, 0.37 mmol), 1 H-1 ,2,3 triazole (43 μΙ_, 0.75 mmol), CsCO3 (247 mg, 0.75 mmol) in H2O (2 μΙ_) and 1 ,4 dioxane (2 mL) was added (R,R)-(-)-/V,/V-dimethyl-1 ,2- cyclohexyldiamine (12 μί, 0.75 mmol) and Cul (3.5 mg, 0.86 mmol). The reaction mixture was irradiated in a microwave reactor at 160 °C for 2 h. The resulting solution was filtered through Celite®, washed with DCM, and concentrated. Purification (FCC)( MeOH (NH3)/DCM) gave the title compound (8 mg, 6%). MS (ESI): mass calculated for C20H22N8O, 390.19; m/z found 391 .2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 8.65 (dd, J = 4.8, 1 .8, 1 H), 7.83 (dt, J = 13.3, 6.6, 2H), 7.43 (dt, J = 7.6, 4.5, 1 H), 6.38 - 6.23 (m, 2H), 4.02 - 3.28 (m, 6H), 3.10 - 3.06 (m, 4H), 2.42 - 2.22 (m, 6H).
Example 239: (3-Fluoro-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl)(5-(4,5,6-trimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000201_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 42 and 3-fluoro-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2 H25FN6O, 432.21 ; m/z found 433.3 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (600 MHz, CDCI3): 8.41 (dd, J = 4.7, 1 .8, 2H), 7.66 - 7.54 (m, 2H), 7.34 (dd, J 7.4, 4.8, 2H), 3.94 (dd, J = 12.1 , 7.6, 2H), 3.80 (dd, J = 1 1 .5, 7.3, 1 H), 3.74 - 3.46 (m, 4H), 3.31 - 3.01 (m, 3H), 2.40 - 2.13 (m, 9H).
Example 240: (3-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)(5-(4,5,6- trimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000201_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 42 and 3-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H24FN7O, 421 .20; m/z found 422.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.82 - 7.77 (m, 2H), 7.51 - 7.44 (m, 1 H), 7.31 (ddd, J = 9.8, 8.4, 1 .3, 1 H), 7.25 - 7.20 (m, 1 H), 3.86 - 3.60 (m, 3H), 3.59 - 3.42 (m, 4H), 3.14 (dd, J = 10.9, 5.3, 1 H), 2.94 (dd, J = 10.9, 7.1 , 2H), 2.38 - 2.27 (m, 6H), 2.07 (d, J = 7.2, 3H).
Example 241 : (5-Methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)(5-(4,5,6- trimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000202_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 42 and 5-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H27N7O2, 433.22; m/z found 434.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.84 (d, J = 9.0, 1 H), 7.69 (s, 2H), 7.01 (dd, J = 9.0, 2.8, 1 H), 6.91 (d, J = 2.8, 1 H), 3.91 - 3.74 (m, 5H), 3.70 - 3.58 (m, 2H), 3.55 (dd, J = 1 1 .4, 5.2, 1 H), 3.47 - 3.28 (m, 2H), 3.04 - 2.82 (m, 3H), 2.41 - 2.25 (m, 5H), 2.13 - 2.01 (m, 4H).
Example 242: (3-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)(5-(6-fluoroquinazolin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000202_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 43 and 3-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23Hi9F2N7O, 447.16; m/z found 448.1 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.99 (s, 1 H), 7.77 (d, J = 15.8, 2H), 7.61 (dd, J = 1 1 .0, 5.5, 1 H), 7.53 - 7.43 (m, 2H), 7.37 - 7.29 (m, 2H), 7.24 (s, 1 H), 3.93 (d, J = 9.9, 1 H), 3.79 (dd, J = 12.3, 7.4, 2H), 3.71 - 3.62 (m, 1 H), 3.62 (s, 3H), 3.20 (dd, J = 1 1 .0, 5.3, 1 H), 3.12 - 2.98 (m, 2H). Example 243: (3-Fluoro-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl)(5-(6-fluoroquinazolin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000203_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 43 and 3-fluoro-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C25H20F2N6O, 458.17; m/z found 459.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.98 (d, J = 8.1 , 1 H), 8.82 - 8.74 (m, 2H), 7.61 (dt, J = 12.7, 6.4, 1 H), 7.53 - 7.41 (m, 2H), 7.31 (td, J = 8.0, 2.7, 1 H), 7.25 - 7.18 (m, 2H), 7.15 (t, J = 4.9, 1 H), 4.00 - 3.88 (m, 1 H), 3.89 - 3.69 (m, 3H), 3.68 - 3.52 (m, 3H), 3.36 (dd, J = 10.9, 4.6, 1 H), 3.14 - 2.97 (m, 2H).
Example 244: (5-(6,7-Difluoroquinoxalin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(3-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000203_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 44 and 3-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H18F3N7O, 465.15; m/z found 466.1 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.28 (s, 1 H), 7.75 (d, J = 20.8, 2H), 7.65 (dd, J = 10.6, 8.4, 1 H), 7.50 (tt, J = 9.6, 4.8, 1 H), 7.43 (dd, J = 1 1 .4, 8.0, 1 H), 7.39 - 7.31 (m, 1 H), 7.25 (dd, J = 12.5, 4.9, 1 H), 4.00 - 3.86 (m, 1 H), 3.81 (dd, J = 10.0, 5.6, 2H), 3.66 - 3.49 (m, 4H), 3.32 - 3.16 (m, 3H).
Example 245: (5-(6,7-Difluoroquinoxalin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl)(5-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000204_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 44 and 5-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2 H2iF2N7O2, 477.2; m/z found 478.1 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.25 (s, 1 H), 7.84 (t, J = 7.6, 1 H), 7.64 (dt, J = 19.7, 10.8, 3H), 7.42 (dd, J = 1 1 .4, 8.0, 1 H), 7.03 (dd, J = 9.0, 2.8, 1 H), 6.92 (d, J = 2.8, 1 H), 3.97 - 3.84 (m, 5H), 3.64 (dd, J = 18.2, 14.6, 5H), 3.12 (dd, J = 19.8, 8.6, 3H).
Example 246: (5-(6,7-Difluoroquinoxalin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl)(2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000204_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 44 and 2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23Hi8F3N7O, 465.2; m/z found 466.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.32 - 8.24 (m, 1 H), 7.90 - 7.79 (m, 2H), 7.68 (s, 1 H), 7.65 (ddd, J = 10.7, 8.5, 4.2, 1 H), 7.55 - 7.38 (m, 2H), 7.22 - 7.10 (m, 1 H), 4.13 - 3.48 (m, 7H), 3.40 - 3.05 (m, 3H).
Example 247: (2-Bromo-3-fluorophenyl)(5-(6-fluoroquinazolin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000205_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 43 and 2-bromo-3-fluorobenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2i Hi7BrF2N4O, 458.1 ; m/z found 459.0 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 8.95 (d, J = 19.8, 1 H), 8.01 (s, 1 H), 7.59 (dt, J = 13.3, 6.7, 1 H), 7.52 - 7.40 (m, 1 H), 7.40 - 7.28 (m, 1 H), 7.18 - 7.05 (m, 2H), 4.01 (dt, J = 12.8, 8.4, 2H), 3.95 - 3.85 (m, 1 H), 3.80 - 3.48 (m, 4H), 3.27 - 3.04 (m, 3H).
Example 248: (5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(4-fluoro-2-(5-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000205_0002
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(4-fluoro- 2-(5-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone. The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 50, Step A, substituting (5-(4,6- dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(4-fluoro-2- iodophenyl)methanone for 2-iodo-3-fluorobenzonitrile, 5-methyl-2- (tributylstannyl)pyridine for 2-tributylstannane pyrimidine, dioxane for DME and heating to 130°C for 60 minutes. The reactions were filtered through celite, rinsed with EtOAc and then concentrated and purified on RP agilent HPLC and fractions lyophilized. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C25H26FN5O, 431 .21 ; found 432.2 [M+H]+.
Example 249: (2-Bromopyridin-3-yl)(5-(4,5,6-trimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000206_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 1 utilizing Intermediate 42 and 2-bromopyridine-3-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for Ci9H22BrN5O, 415.10; m/z found 416.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCIs): 8.44 (dd, J = 4.7, 1 .6, 1 H), 7.33 (dd, J = 7.6, 4.7, 1 H), 6.38 - 6.24 (m, 1 H), 3.94 - 3.90 (m, 2H), 3.88 - 3.84 (m, 1 H), 3.74 - 3.50 (m, 4H), 3.31 - 3.01 (m, 3H), 2.40 - 2.23 (m, 6H), 2.12 - 2.06 (m, 3H).
Example 250: (2-(1 -(Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)pyridin-3-yl)(5- (4,5,6-trimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000206_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner similar to Example 236, utilizing Example 249 and 4-(terahydropyran-2H-yl)-1 H pyrazole-5 boronic acid pinacol ester. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C27H33N7O2, 487.27; m/z found 488.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.78 - 8.72 (m, 1 H), 7.80 - 7.75 (m, 1 H), 7.62 - 7.45 (m, 1 H), 7.34 (dd, J = 4.8, 1 .5, 1 H), 6.33 - 6.23 (m, 1 H), 3.91 - 3.78 (m, 2H), 3.72 - 3.53 (m, 3H), 3.53 - 3.36 (m, 2H), 3.36 - 3.15 (m, 3H), 2.98 - 2.70 (m, 3H), 2.65 (d, J = 6.8, 1 H), 2.38 - 2.27 (m, 6H), 2.10 - 2.06 (m, 3H), 2.18 - 2.01 (m, 2H), 1 .94 (s, 3H).
Example 251 : (2-(1 H-Pyrazol-5-yl)pyridin-3-yl)(5-(4,5,6-trimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000207_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner similar to Example 237, utilizing (2-(1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)pyridin-3-yl)(5-(4,5,6- trimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone (Example 250). MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H18F3N7O, 403.21 ; m/z found 404.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 1 1 .90 (s, 1 H), 8.65 (dd, J = 4.7, 1 .5, 1 H), 7.65 (dd, J = 7.7, 1 .6, 1 H), 7.50 (d, J = 7.0, 1 H), 7.34 - 7.21 (m, 1 H), 6.81 (s, 1 H), 3.66-3.60 (m, 6H), 3.26 (s, 4H), 2.39 - 2.25 (m, 6H), 2.09 (d, J = 40.1 , 3H).
Example 252: 6-[5-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-2-methylpyrimidin- -one.
Figure imgf000207_0002
To a solution of Intermediate 16 (35.3 mg, 0.1 17 mmol) in n-butanol (0.5 ml_) was added triethylamine (0.065 ml_, 0.47 mmol) and 6-chloro-2- methylpyrimidin-4-ol (33.9 mg, 0.234 mmol). The mixture was heated to 150 °C in the microwave for 18 minutes. The reaction was concentrated and purified by reverse phase HPLC to give the title compound (21 .4 mg, 45%). MS (ESI): mass calculated for C20H20FN7O2, 409.4; m/z found [M+H]+ 410.2. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.91 - 7.76 (m, 3H), 7.54 - 7.42 (m, 1 H), 7.15 (t, J = 8.5 Hz, 1 H), 4.07 - 2.94 (m, 1 1 H), 2.37 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 3H).
Example 253: 2-(2,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-4-yl)-5-{[5-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl- 1 ,3-thiazol-4-yl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000208_0001
To a solution of Internnediate 48 (15.8 mg, 0.048 mmol) was added DMF (0.4 ml_), 4-chloro-2,6-dimethylpyrimidine (8.2 mg, 0.057 mmol) and cesium carbonate (38.8 mg, 0.1 19 mmol). The mixture was heated to 100 °C for 18 hours, diluted with water and extracte with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated. The residue was purified by reverse phase HPLC to give the title compound (12.9 mg, 62%). MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H2 FN5OS, 437.5; m/z found [M+H]+ 438.2. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 7.51 - 7.41 (m, 2H), 7.06 - 6.95 (m, 2H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 3.892-3.76 (m, 2H), 3.73 - 3.51 (m, 3H), 3.44 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 5.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.32 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 4.5 Hz, 1 H), 3.10 (dd, J = 1 1 .3, 5.3 Hz, 1 H), 3.02 - 2.80 (m, 2H), 2.70 (s, 3H), 2.31 (d, J = 20.0 Hz, 6H).
Example 254: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[5-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl- 1 3-thiazol-4-yl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000208_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 253 substituting 2-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine for 4-chloro-2,6- dimethylpyrimidine. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H24FN5OS, 437.5; m/z found [M+H]+ 438.2. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.53 - 7.41 (m, 2H), 7.06 - 6.97 (m, 2H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 3.90 - 3.76 (m, 2H), 3.69 - 3.49 (m, 3H), 3.44 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 5.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.32 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 4.5 Hz, 1 H), 3.10 (dd, J = 1 1 .3, 5.3 Hz, 1 H), 3.02 - 2.82 (m, 2H), 2.70 (s, 3H), 2.29 (s, 6H). Example 255: 6-[5-{[5-(4-Fluorophenyl)-2-methyl-1 ,3-thiazol-4- yl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-2-methylpyrimidin-4(3H)- one.
Figure imgf000209_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 252 substituting Intermediate 48 for Intermediate 16. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H22FN5O2S, 439.5; m/z found 440.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 12.77 (s, 1 H), 7.50 - 7.43 (m, 2H), 7.09 - 7.02 (m, 2H), 3.90-3.82 (m, 2H), 3.66 - 3.49 (m, 4H), 3.29 - 2.82 (m, 5H), 2.71 (s, 3H), 2.36 (s, 3H).
Example 256: 6-{5-[(5-Fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl}-2-methylpyrimidin- -one.
Figure imgf000209_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 252, substituting (5-fluoro-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl)(hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl)methanone for Intermediate 16. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H21 FN6O2, 420.5; m/z found 421 .2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 12.85 (s, 1 H), 8.73 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 2H), 8.35 (dd, J = 8.8, 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 7.24 - 7.13 (m, 2H), 7.07 (dd, J = 8.4, 2.6 Hz, 1 H), 3.90 (dd, J = 12.6, 7.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.76-3.65 (m, 3H), 3.55-3.48 (m, 2H), 3.24 - 2.90 (m, 4H), 2.36 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 3H). Example 257: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(4-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000210_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 23 and Intermediate 4. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H2 FN5O, 407.19; m/z found 408.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.80 - 7.68 (m, 3H), 7.39 (dd, J = 8.4, 5.8, 1 H), 7.17 - 7.09 (m, 1 H), 6.40 (s, 1 H), 6.17 (s, 2H), 3.89 (dd, J = 12.7, 7.6, 2H), 3.69 (dd, J = 12.8, 4.3, 2H), 3.61 - 3.48 (m, 2H), 3.45 - 3.32 (m, 2H), 3.25 (dd, J = 9.5, 5.0, 2H), 1 .25 (s, 6H).
Example 258: (5-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2 1 H)-yl)(2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000210_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 45 and Intermediate 12. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2i H22FN7O3, 439.18; m/z found 440.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.89 - 7.80 (m, 2H), 7.73 (s, 1 H), 7.53 - 7.43 (m, 1 H), 7.15 (tdd, J = 8.4, 3.7, 0.9, 1 H), 5.39 (d, J = 2.4, 1 H), 4.02 - 3.48 (m, 13H), 3.31 - 2.89 (m, 3H).
Example 259: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(2-methyl-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000210_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Internnediate 23 and Internnediate 1 1 . MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H25N7O, 403.21 ; m/z found 404.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.84 - 7.75 (m, 2H), 7.69 (s, 1 H), 7.38 (td, J = 7.9, 2.4, 1 H), 7.25 - 7.22 (m, 1 H), 6.29 (d, J = 3.8, 1 H), 3.98 - 3.30 (m, 8H), 3.01 (dd, J = 1 1 .5, 6.6, 2H), 2.30 (d, J = 3.6, 3H), 1 .57 (s, 6H).
Example 260: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(3-methyl-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000211_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 23 and 3-methyl-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoic acid (Intermediate 82). MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H25N7O, 403.21 ; m/z found 404.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.76 (s, 1 H), 7.44 - 7.34 (m, 2H), 7.25 (s, 1 H), 7.24 (d, J = 1 .9, 1 H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 3.88 - 3.40 (m, 8H), 3.23 (dd, J = 1 1 .0, 4.9, 1 H), 3.00 - 2.83 (m, 1 H), 2.36 - 2.26 (m, 3H), 2.24 (d, J = 16.1 , 3H), 1 .63 (s, 3H).
Example 261 : (2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)(5-(5-nitropyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000211_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 46 and Intermediate 12. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C19H17FN8O3, 424.14; m/z found 425.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 9.10 (ddd, J = 9.9, 5.7, 3.3, 2H), 7.90 - 7.79 (m, 2H), 7.74 (d, J = 6.6, 1 H), 7.55 - 7.44 (m, 1 H), 7.22 - 7.10 (m, 1 H), 4.13 - 3.60 (m, 7H), 3.40 - 3.07 (m, 3H). Example 262: Methyl 2-(5-(2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)benzoyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine- -carboxylate.
Figure imgf000212_0001
A mixture of Intermediate 16 (30 mg, 0.9 mmol), methyl 2-chloro-4- (trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate (22 mg, 0.09 mmol), CS2CO3 (92.4 mg, 0.28 mmol), in DMA (1 ml_) was heated to 100 °C for 72 hours. The mixture was cooled to rt diluted with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organics were combined, dried and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification (FCC) (10% MeOH, 0.1 % NH4OH in DCM/DCM) afforded the title compound (19 mg, 37%) MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H19F4N7O3, 505.15; m/z found 506.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.98 - 8.85 (m, 1 H), 7.92 - 7.78 (m, 2H), 7.73 (d, J = 2.8, 1 H), 7.54 - 7.42 (m, 1 H), 7.15 (td, J = 8.4, 4.9, 1 H), 4.15 - 3.45 (m, 1 1 H), 3.41 - 2.95 (m, 3H). The aqueous layer was acidified with 1 N HCI and extracted with EtOAc. The organics were combined, dried and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification (FCC) (0-100% soln of 5% MeOH, 0.5% HOAc in DCM/DCM) to afford 2-(5-(2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)benzoyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine- 5-carboxylic acid (22 mg, 44%).
Example 263: 2-(5-(2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)benzoyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine- -carboxylic acid.
Figure imgf000212_0002
The title compound was isolated from the synthesis of Example 262. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2i Hi7F4N7O3, 491 .13; m/z found 492.1 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 8.90 (t, J = 1 1 .7, 1 H), 7.97 (s, 1 H), 7.94 - 7.79 (m, 2 7.69 - 7.58 (m, 1 H), 7.29 (dt, J = 25.1 , 12.6, 1 H), 4.05 - 3.50 (m, 7H), 3.
(tdd, J = 19.6, 13.8, 6.8, 3H).
Example 264: (2-(4H-1 ,2,4-Triazol-4-yl)phenyl)(5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- l)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000213_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2-(4H-1 ,2,4-triazol-4-yl)benzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22Hi9F4N7O3, 505.15; m/z found 506.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.49 (s, 2H), 7.54 (dd, J = 7.6, 1 .9, 3H), 7.45 - 7.37 (m, 1 H), 6.31 (d, J = 1 1 .3, 1 H), 3.88 - 3.65 (m, 4H), 3.50 (dd, J = 12.0, 4.4, 2H), 3.33 (dt, J = 1 1 .2, 5.6, 1 H), 3.08 - 2.80 (m, 3H), 2.28 - 2.26 (m, 6H).
Example 265: 2-(5-(2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)benzoyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)-6-methylpyrimidine-4- carbox lic acid.
Figure imgf000213_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 262, substituting methyl 2-chloro-6-methylpyrimidine-4-carboxylate for methyl 2- chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2i H2oFN7O3, 437.16; m/z found 438.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz,
CD3OD): 7.96 (d, J = 6.2, 1 H), 7.92 - 7.79 (m, 2H), 7.67 - 7.57 (m, 1 H), 7.29 (d, J = 8.4, 1 H), 7.09 (s, 1 H), 4.01 - 3.53 (m, 7H), 3.28 - 2.99 (m, 3H), 2.40 - 2.36 (m, 3H). Example 266: (4,5-Difluoro-2-(4H-1 ,2,4-triazol-4-yl)phenyl)(5-(4,6- dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000214_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 23 and 4,5-difluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2iH2iF2N7O, 425.18; m/z found 425.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.86 (dd, J = 10.8, 7.0, 1 H), 7.74 (s, 2H), 7.26 - 7.19 (m, 1 H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 3.86 (dd, J = 1 1 .8, 7.6, 2H), 3.66-3.50 (m, 5H), 3.10 - 2.86 (m, 3H), 2.36 - 2.23 (m, 6H).
Example 267: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(3-methyl-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000214_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 23 and 3-methyl-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)benzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H25N7O, 403.21 ; m/z found 404.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.87 - 7.77 (m, 1 H), 7.52 - 7.38 (m, 2H), 7.25 (d, J = 4.7, 2H), 6.28 (s, 1 H), 3.76 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 7.2, 2H), 3.65 - 3.29 (m, 6H), 3.12 (dd, J = 1 1 .1 , 4.9, 1 H), 2.96 - 2.83 (m, 1 H), 2.29 (s, 6H), 2.15 (d, J = 18.1 , 3H).
Example 268: 2-(5-(2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)benzoyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)-/V,/V,6-trimethylpyrimidine-4- carboxamide.
Figure imgf000215_0001
The title compound was prepared using Example 265 in a manner analogous to Example 15 substituting dimethylamine for 2-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)- octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole and EDCI for HATU in the last step. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H25FN8O2, 464.21 ; m/z found 464.4[M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.90 - 7.79 (m, 2H), 7.73 (s, 1 H), 7.53 - 7.41 (m, 1 H), 7.18 - 7.09 (m, 1 H), 6.57 (d, J = 9.8, 1 H), 4.05 - 3.48 (m, 8H), 3.31 - 2.91 (m, 10H), 2.38 (s, 4H), 1 .60 (s, 3H).
Example 269: 2-(5-(2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)benzoyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)-N,N-dimethyl-4- (trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxamide.
Figure imgf000215_0002
The title compound was prepared using Example 263 in a manner analogous to Example 15 substituting dimethylamine for 2-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)- octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole and EDCI for HATU in the last step. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C23H22F4N8O2, 518.18; m/z found 518.2 [M+H]+.
Example 270: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(mesityl)methanone.
Figure imgf000215_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H28N4O, 364.23; m/z found 365.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 6.82 (d, J = 8.5, 2H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 4.03 - 3.29 (m, 8H), 3.1 1 - 2.89 (m, 2H), 2.35 - 2.1 1 (m, 15H).
Example 271 : (2,3-Difluorophenyl)(5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000216_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2,3-difluorobenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for Ci9H2oF2N4O, 358.16; m/z found 358.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.26 - 7.08 (m, 3H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 4.03 - 3.73 (m, 3H), 3.71 - 3.57 (m, 3H), 3.39 (dd, J = 1 1 .3, 5.0, 2H), 3.16 - 2.95 (m, 2H), 2.36 - 2.19 (m, 6H).
Example 272: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(4-methoxy-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000216_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 substituting Intermediate 88 for 3-fluoro-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C24H26N6O2, 430.5; m/z found, 431 .3 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.78 (t, J = 4.6 Hz, 2H), 7.80 (d, J = 2.6 Hz, 1 H), 7.33 - 7.27 (m, 1 H), 7.16 (q, J = 4.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.05 (dd, J = 8.4, 2.7 Hz, 1 H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 3.91 (d, J = 3.6 Hz, 3H), 3.85 (ddd, J = 1 1 .7, 7.8, 3.4 Hz, 2H), 3.72 - 3.60 (m, 3H), 3.54 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 4.8 Hz, 1 H), 3.47 (dd, J = 1 1 .0, 7.3 Hz,
(dd, J = 1 1 .1 , 4.9 Hz, 1 H), 3.00 - 2.87 (m, 2H), 2.30 (s, 6H).
Example 273: (2,3-Dimethoxyphenyl)(5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000217_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2,3-dimethoxybenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2i H26N4O3, 382.20; m/z found 383.4 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 7.09 (dd, J = 17.8, 9.7, 1 H), 6.89 (dd, J = 7.9, 1 .4, 2H), 6.33 - 6.19 (m, 1 H), 4.02 - 3.43 (m, 13H), 3.32 - 2.83 (m, 3H), 2.39 - 2.21 (m, 6H).
Example 274: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000217_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2oH2i F3N4O2, 406.16; m/z found 407.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.49 - 7.27 (m, 4H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 4.08 - 3.36 (m, 8H), 3.28 - 2.80 (m, 3H), 2.40 - 2.19 (m, 6H).
Example 275: [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2-yl]-(6-methyl-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-pyridin-3-yl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000218_0001
To a pale yellow solution of 2-(4,6-dinnethylpyrinnidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole (Intermediate 23) (50 mg, 0.23 mmol) in 2ml_ of DMF was added 6- methyl-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-nicotinic acid (Intermediate 70) (51 mg, 0.25 mmol) followed by HATU (131 mg, 0.34 mmol) and DIPEA (0.1 18 ml_, 0.69 mmol). The resulting solution was allowed to stir at room temp for 1 h and turned progressively more intense yellow as the reaction continued. The reaction was monitored via LCMS and quenched with H2O once starting materials we no longer observed. The resulting biphasic mixture was extracted with EtOAc three times. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried with Na2SO and cone, into a pale yellow oil under reduced pressure. The yellow residue was purified via FCC using 5-50% 2M NH3/ MeOH in DCM. Minor impurities remained so the material was further purified via HPLC 0-99% CH3N to give the desired product. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C2i H24N8O, 404.47; m/z found 405.3 [M+H]+ 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) 7.80 (s, 2H), 7.72 (d, J = 7.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.29 - 7.24 (m, 1 H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 3.90 - 3.80 (m, 2H), 3.73 - 3.63 (m, 2H), 3.59 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 5.3 Hz, 1 H), 3.47 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 3.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.33 (s, 1 H), 3.00 (ddd, J = 38.4, 21 .7, 7.2 Hz, 3H), 2.68 (s, 3H), 2.30 (s, 6H).
Example 276: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(2-methoxy-4-methylphenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000218_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2-methoxy-4-methylbenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2i H26N4O2, 366.21 ; m/z found 367.3 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 7.13 (d, J = 7.6, 1 H), 6.77 (d, J = 7.6, 1 H), 6.70 (s, 1 H), 6.28 (s, 1 H), 4.00 - 3.40 (m, 1 1 H), 3.27 - 2.85 (m, 3H), 2.41 - 2.19 (m, 9H).
Example 277: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(4-methoxy-2-methylphenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000219_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 23 and 4-methoxy-2-methylbenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2i H26N4O2, 366.21 ; m/z found 367.3 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.1 1 (d, J = 7.9, 1 H), 6.77 - 6.67 (m, 2H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 4.01 - 3.83 (m, 2H), 3.83 - 3.72 (m, 4H), 3.72 - 3.55 (m, 2H), 3.46 (dt, J = 1 1 .9, 6.0, 2H), 3.21 - 2.89 (m, 3H), 2.37 - 2.25 (m, 9H).
Example 278: (2,6-Difluorophenyl)(5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000219_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2,6-difluorobenzoic acid. MS (ESI): mass calculated for Ci9H2oF2N4O, 358.16; m/z found 359.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 7.34 (tt, J = 8.4, 6.4, 1 H), 6.93 (s, 2H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 4.12 - 3.76 (m, 3H), 3.75 - 3.45 (m, 4H), 3.36 - 2.88 (m, 3H), 2.30 (s, 6H).
Example 279: 2-[5-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-6-methylpy
4-carbonitrile.
Figure imgf000220_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 12 and Intermediate 49. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C21 H19F2N8O, 418.44; m/z found 419.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.91 - 7.80 (m, 2H), 7.75 (s, 1 H), 7.55 - 7.42 (m, 1 H), 7.15 (ddd, J = 8.4, 6.6, 4.0 Hz, 1 H), 6.69 (d, J = 5.5 Hz, 1 H), 4.07 - 3.46 (m, 7H), 3.35-3.20 (m, 1 H), 3.19 - 2.94 (m, 2H), 2.40 (s, 3H).
Example 280: 2-[4,6-Bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]-5-{[2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3- triazol-2- l)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000220_0002
Step A: Intermediate 16 (100 mg, 0.332 mmol) was diluted with DCM (10 mL) and was treated with 1 ,3-di-boc-2-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)guanidine (1 18.2 mg, 0.302 mmol) and triethyl amine (0.046 mL, 0.332 mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature overnight, then was diluted with DCM and water, extracted and concentrated to provide crude tert-butyl (((tert- butoxycarbonyl)imino)(5-(2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)benzoyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methyl)carbamate (165 mg) which was used as is in Step B. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C26H34FN7O5, 543.60; m/z found 544.3 [M+H]+.
Step B: Crude tert-butyl (((tert-butoxycarbonyl)imino)(5-(2-fluoro-6-(2H- 1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl)methyl)carbamate was dissolved in dioxin (8 mL) and TFA (3 mL) was added and the reaction was stirred at room temperature overnight to form crude 5-(2- fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2(1 H)- carboximidamide (214 mg) as a TFA salt which was used directly in Step C.
Step C: Crude 5-(2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoyl)hexahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2(1 H)-carboximidannide - TFA salt (66 mg) was diluted with n-butanol (4 ml_) and treated with sodium methoxide (51 .9 mg, 0.961 mmol). The reaction is heated to reflux for 1 hour, then cooled and 1 ,1 ,1 ,5,5,5- hexafluoropentane-2,4-dione (400 mg, 1 .92 mmol) is added prior to re-heating the reaction to reflux for 19 hours. The mixture was then cooled and
concentrated, then diluted with DCM and saturated sodium bicarbonate.
Extract with DCM and concentrate. Reverse phase HPLC gave the title compound (4.6 mg). MS (ESI): mass calculated for C21 H16F7N7O, 515.39; m/z found 416.2 [M+H]+. Rotamers observed in 1 H NMR.
Example 281 : 2-[5-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-6-methylpyrimidin-4-
Figure imgf000221_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 280, substituting methyl acetoacetate for 1 ,1 ,1 ,5,5,5-hexafluoropentane-2,4-dione in Step C. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C20H20FN7O2, 409.42; m/z found 410.2 [M+H]+. Rotamers observed in 1 H NMR.
Example 282: (2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)(5-(4-(furan-2-yl)-6- methylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000221_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 280, substituting 1 -(furan-2-yl)butane-1 ,3-dione for 1 ,1 ,1 ,5,5,5-hexafluoropentane- 2,4-dione in the Step C. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2 H22FN7O2, 459.49; m/z found 460.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR very broad peaks due to rotamers.
Example 283: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(3-fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000222_0001
To a mixture of 2-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole (1 .4 g, 6.5 mmol), 3-fluoro-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzoic acid (1 .4 g, 6.5 mmol), and TEA (1 .3 ml_, 9.7 mmol) in DMF (32.0 ml_) was added HATU (2.7 g, 7.1 mmol). After 1 h, the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc and washed with water. The aqueous layer was then extracted with EtOAc (1 X). The combined organic phases were dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concentrated to dryness. The crude product was purified using silica gel chromatography (0-5% MeOH in EtOAc) to yield pure title compound (1 .2 g, 44%). MS (ESI) mass calcd. For C23H23FN6O, 418.48; m/z found 419.2 [M+H]+ 1H NMR (CDCI3): 8.91 - 8.56 (m, 2H), 7.47 - 7.42 (m, 1 H), 7.24 - 7.14 (m, 3H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 3.81 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 7.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.72 (ddd, J = 9.0, 7.2, 2.2 Hz, 2H), 3.68 - 3.47 (m, 4H), 3.31 (dd, J = 1 1 .0, 4.8 Hz, 1 H), 3.05 - 2.89 (m, 2H), 2.31 (s, 6H).
Example 284: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[3-fluoro-2-(1 H-pyrazol-5- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000222_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 283, substituting Intermediate 86 for 3-fluoro-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. C22H23FN6O, 406.47; m/z found 407.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 1 1 .33 (s, 1 H), 7.50 (m, 1 H), 7.35 - 7.31 (m, 1 H), 7.21 - 7.08 (m, 2H), 6.64 (s, 1 H), 6.28 (s, 1 H), 3.82 - 2.71 (m, 10H), 2.30 (s, 6H). Example 285: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[3-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol- -yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000223_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 283, substituting 3-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoic acid for 3-fluoro-2- (pyrimidin-2-yl)benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. C22H25N7O2, 419.49; m/z found 420.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCI3): 7.74 (d, J = 6.6 Hz, 2H), 7.51 - 7.45 (m, 1 H), 7.09 (dd, J = 8.4, 1 .0 Hz, 1 H), 7.00 (dd, J = 7.6, 1 .1 Hz, 1 H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 3.87 - 3.76 (m, 4H), 3.66 (ddd, J = 19.8, 12.1 , 7.0 Hz, 2H), 3.58 - 3.50 (m, 2H), 3.47 - 3.37 (m, 2H), 3.22 (dd, J = 1 1 .0, 5.1 Hz, 1 H), 2.97 - 2.86 (m, 2H), 2.28 (s, J = 20.1 Hz, 6H).
Example 286: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[3-methoxy-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol- -yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000223_0002
Step A: To 3-fluoro-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)benzonitrile (2.1 g, 1 1 .2 mmol) in MeOH (30 mL) was added 2 M aq. NaOH (10 mL). The reaction was heated at reflux until determined complete by HPLC then cooled to room temperature, acidified with 1 N aq. HCI to pH=1 and extracted with DCM (2X). The combined organics were washed with brine and dried (Na2SO4) resulting in a mixture of two products, 3-methoxy-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)benzoic acid and 3-fluoro-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)benzoic acid, which were used without further purification in the next step.
Step B: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[3-methoxy-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol- 1 -yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole. Example 286 was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 283, utilizing a mixture of 3- methoxy-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoic acid and 3-fluoro-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol- 2-yl)benzoic acid in place of 3-fluoro-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzoic acid which gave 2 products, Example 286 and Example 287. For Example 286: MS (ESI) mass calcd. C22H23N7O2, 419.49; m/z found 420.2 [M+H]+ . 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 7.87 (d, J = 1 .0 Hz, 1 H), 7.77 (d, J = 1 .0 Hz, 1 H), 7.52 - 7.45 (m, 1 H), 7.09 (dd, J = 8.5, 1 .0 Hz, 1 H), 7.00 (dd, J = 7.7, 1 .1 Hz, 1 H), 6.29 (s, J = 5.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.89 - 3.81 (m, 4H), 3.79 - 3.65 (m, 3H), 3.54 - 3.46 (m, 2H), 3.43 - 3.36 (m, 1 H), 3.24 (dt, J = 12.4, 6.1 Hz, 1 H), 3.02 - 2.91 (m, 2H), 2.29 (s, 6H).
Example 287: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[3-fluoro-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 - yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000224_0001
The title compound was isolated from Step B in Example 286. MS (ESI) mass calcd. C2i H22FN7O, 407.45; m/z found 408.2 [M+H]+ 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 7.96 - 7.91 (m, 1 H), 7.84 - 7.80 (m, 1 H), 7.58 - 7.49 (m, 1 H), 7.37 - 7.30 (m, 1 H), 7.26 - 7.23 (m, 1 H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 3.88 - 3.85 (m, 1 H), 3.80 - 3.71 (m, 2H), 3.71 - 3.64 (m, 1 H), 3.57 - 3.42 (m, 3H), 3.23 (dd, J = 1 1 .0, 5.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.04 - 2.94 (m, 2H), 2.29 (s, 6H).
Example 288: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[4-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol- -yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000224_0002
Step A: (5-Benzylhexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(4-methoxy-2- (2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone. To a mixture of 2- benzyloctahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole (282 mg, 1 .4 mmol), 4-methoxy-2-(2H- 1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoic acid (306 mg, 1 .4 mmol), and TEA (0.21 mL, 1 .5 mmol) in DMF (7.5 mL) was added HATU (583 mg, 1 .5 mmol). After 1 h, the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc and washed with water. The aqueous layer was then extracted with EtOAc (1 X). The combined organics were dried (Na2SO4) and concentrated to give a residue. Purification via Agilent prep system (Basic) gave 327 mg (58%) of the title compound as a clear oil. 1 H NMR (CDCIs): 7.79 (s, J = 6.5 Hz, 2H), 7.50 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.36 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.34 - 7.21 (m, 5H), 6.95 (dd, J = 8.5, 2.5 Hz, 1 H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.86 - 3.72 (m, 1 H), 3.65 - 3.46 (m, 3H), 3.13 (s, 1 H), 2.90 - 2.74 (m, 2H), 2.74 - 2.59 (m, 2H), 2.57 - 2.39 (m, 2H), 2.16 (dd, J = 9.2, 4.2 Hz, 1 H).
Step B: (Hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(4-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3- triazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone. (5-Benzylhexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl)(4-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone in EtOH (20 mL) and AcOH (1 mL) was continuously flowed through a 20 wt% Pd(OH)2/C cartridge at a rate of 1 mL/min for 2 h at 50 °C and 50 bar using a H-cube apparatus. Then the reaction was concentrated and neutralized with 5% Na2CO3 (aq), and extracted with CH2CI2 (3X). Combined organics and dried (Na2SO4) to give (hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(4-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl)methanone as a clear oil that was used without further purification. 1 H NMR (CDCI3):7.83 - 7.80 (m, 2H), 7.50 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.32 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1 H), 6.96 (dd, J = 8.5, 2.5 Hz, 1 H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 3.75 - 3.63 (m, 2H), 3.27 (s, 1 H), 3.08 (dd, J = 1 1 .9, 8.1 Hz, 1 H), 2.94 (dt, J = 1 1 .4, 5.7 Hz, 2H), 2.88 - 2.75 (m, 2H), 2.69 (dd, J = 17.8, 14.3 Hz, 1 H), 2.56 (dd, J = 1 1 .4, 3.9 Hz, 1 H).
Step C: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[4-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-
2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole. To (hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(4-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone (185 mg, 0.4 mmol) in DMF (2.2 mL) was added 2-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine (61 mg, 0.4 mmol). The flask was heated to 120 °C for 18h. The flask was allowed to cool to rt, diluted with EtOAc and washed with H2O. The aq was back-extracted with EtOAc (1X). The combined organics were washed with brine and dried (Na2SO ) to give an oil. Purification via silica gel (15-75% EtOAc in hexanes) gave 175 mg (97%) of the title compound. MS (ESI) mass calcd. C22H25N7O2, 419.49; m/z found 420.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCI3): 7.73 (s, 2H), 7.49 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.33 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1 H), 6.95 (dd, J = 8.5, 2.5 Hz, 1 H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 3.93 - 3.80 (m, 5H), 3.72 - 3.63 (m, 2H), 3.58 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 5.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.46 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 4.3 Hz, 1 H), 3.39 - 3.28 (m, 1 H), 3.05 - 2.84 (m, 3H), 2.33 (s, 6H).
Example 289: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[4-methoxy-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol- -yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000226_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 283, utilizing a mixture of 4-methoxy-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)benzoic acid and 4- methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)benzoic acid obtained from the synthesis of Intermediate 54. Purification of the final compounds gave the title compound as an oil. MS (ESI) mass calcd. C22H25N7O2, 419.49; m/z found 420.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 7.98 (s, J = 2.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.77 (s, J = 4.1 Hz, 1 H), 7.42 - 7.36 (m, 1 H), 7.18 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.06 (dd, J = 8.5, 2.5 Hz, 1 H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 3.90 (s, J = 7.6 Hz, 3H), 3.83 - 3.66 (m, 3H), 3.50 - 3.42 (m, 2H), 3.30 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 4.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.22 (dd, J = 1 1 .1 , 7.3 Hz, 1 H), 2.99 - 2.76 (m, 3H), 2.28 (d, J = 16.2 Hz, 6H).
Example 290: 2-(5-Fluoro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000226_0002
A mixture of Intermediate 20 (86 mg, 0.30 mmol), Intermediate 55 (44 mg, 0.3 mmol) and DIPEA (0.16 ml_, 0.91 mmol) in ACN (1 ml_) was heated in the microwave at 200 °C for 2 h. The mixture was concentrated in vacuo and chromatography (Hex to 100% EtOAc/Hex) afforded the title compound (82 mg, 69%). MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2oH2oFN7O, 393.17, m/z found 394.2 [M+1 ]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.06 (d, J = 1 .7 Hz, 1 H), 7.98 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1 H), 7.75 (s, 2H), 7.57 - 7.48 (m, 1 H), 7.43 (d, J = 6.2 Hz, 2H), 3.93 - 3.77 (m, 2H), 3.74 - 3.60 (m, 2H), 3.59 - 3.51 (m, 1 H), 3.46 - 3.33 (m, 2H), 3.09 - 2.88 (m, 3H), 2.37 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 3H).
Example 291 : 2-(2-Chloro-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- l)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000227_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 290 utilizing Intermediate 20 and substituting 2,4-dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine for Intermediate 55. MS (ESI) mass calculated for Ci9Hi7CIFN7O, 413.85; m/z found, 414.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.01 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1 H), 7.90 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.79 (s, 2H), 7.58 - 7.51 (m, 1 H), 7.48 - 7.39 (m, 2H), 4.04 - 3.93 (m, 1 H), 3.92 - 3.70 (m, 4H), 3.68 - 3.59 (m, 1 H), 3.46 (br s, 1 H), 3.13 - 2.88 (m, 3H).
Example 292: 2-(5-Fluoropyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000227_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 290 substituting Intermediate 16 for Intermediate 20 and 2-chloro-5-fluoropyrimidine for Intermediate 55. MS (ESI) mass calculated for Ci9Hi7F2N7O, 397.39; m/z found, 398.2. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.26 - 8.17 (m, 2H), 7.89 - 7.78 (m, 2H), 7.73 (s, 1 H), 7.53 - 7.44 (m, 1 H), 7.19 - 7.10 (m, 1 H), 4.02 - 3.45 (m 3.30 - 3.23 (m, 1 H), 3.17 - 2.97 (m, 2H).
Example 293: 2-(5-Fluoro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3 triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000228_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 290 substituting Intermediate 16 for Intermediate 20. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C20H19F2N7O, 41 1 .42; m/z found, 412.2. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.09 - 8.03 (m, 1 H), 7.88 - 7.79 (m, 2H), 7.72 (s, 1 H), 7.51 - 7.43 (m, 1 H), 7.18 - 7.10 (m, 1 H), 4.01 - 3.45 (m, 7H), 3.30 - 3.21 (m, 1 H), 3.15 - 2.95 (m, 2H), 2.37 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 3H).
Example 294: 2-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-(4,5,6- trimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000228_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 290 substituting Intermediate 16 for Intermediate 20 and Intermediate 56 for Intermediate 55. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C22H24FN7O, 421 .48; m/z found, 422.2. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.88 - 7.79 (m, 2H), 7.72 (s, 1 H), 7.50 - 7.43 (m, 1 H), 7.17 - 7.10 (m, 1 H), 3.93 - 3.47 (m, 7H), 3.28 - 3.21 (m, 1 H), 3.1 1 - 2.93 (m, 2H), 2.33 (s, 6H), 2.07 (s, 3H).
Example 295: 2-(4,5-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000229_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 290 substituting Intermediate 16 for Intermediate 20 and Intermediate 57 for Intermediate 55. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C21 H22FN7O, 407.45; m/z found, 408.2. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.99 (s, 1 H), 7.89 - 7.78 (m, 2H), 7.72 (s, 1 H), 7.53 - 7.42 (m, 1 H), 7.19 - 7.08 (m, 1 H), 4.02 - 3.46 (m, 7H), 3.31 - 3.21 (m, 1 H), 3.15 - 2.95 (m, 2H), 2.32 (s, 3H), 2.09 (s, 3H).
Example 296: 2-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-(4- methoxy-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000229_0002
The title compound was isolated from the synthesis of Intermediate 58. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C2iH22FN7O2, 423.45; m/z found, 424.0. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.88 - 7.80 (m, 2H), 7.72 (s, 1 H), 7.52 - 7.44 (m, 1 H), 7.18 - 7.1 1 (m, 1 H), 5.87 (d, J = 4.3 Hz, 1 H), 4.00 - 3.50 (m, 10H), 3.30 - 3.22 (m, 1 H), 3.13 - 2.93 (m, 2H), 2.28 (s, 3H).
Example 297: 2-(4-Ethyl-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol- -yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000229_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 55 substituting Intermediate 58 for 2,4-dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine and 1 .0 M EtMgBr in THF for 3.0 M MeMgBr in Et2O. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C22H2 FN7O, 421 .48; m/z found, 422.0. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.88 - 7.79 (m, 2H), 7.71 (s, 1 H), 7.51 - 7.43 (m, 1 H), 7.18 - 7.1 1 (m, 1 H), 6.29 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.01 - 3.50 (m, 7H), 3.31 - 3.22 (m, 1 H), 3.13 - 2.94 (m, 2H), 2.56 (q, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.31 (d, J = 1 .6 Hz, 3H), 1 .27 - 1 .21 (m, 3H).
Example 298: 2-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-[4- methyl-6-(1 -methylethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000230_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 55 substituting Intermediate 58 for 2,4-dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine and 2.0 M iPrMgBr in THF for 3.0 M MeMgBr in Et2O. Three products were formed in this reaction, 2-{[2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-[4-methyl-6-(1 - methylethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole, 2-[4-methyl-6-(1 - methylethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole and 2-{[5-(1 -Methylethyl)-2- (2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-[4-methyl-6-(1 -methylethyl)pyrimidin-2- yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C23H26FN7O, 435.51 ; m/z found, 436.2. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.89 - 7.79 (m, 2H), 7.72 (s, 1 H), 7.52 - 7.43 (m, 1 H), 7.18 - 7.10 (m, 1 H), 6.32 - 6.25 (m, 1 H), 4.01 - 3.49 (m, 7H), 3.31 - 3.21 (m, 1 H), 3.13 - 2.93 (m, 2H), 2.82 - 2.70 (m, 1 H), 2.32 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 3H), 1 .27 - 1 .20 (m, 6H).
Example 299: 2-[4-Methyl-6-(1 -methylethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3- triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000230_0002
The title compound was isolated from the synthesis of Example 298. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C23H27N7O, 417.52; m/z found, 418.2. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.98 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1 H), 7.73 (s, 2H), 7.55 - 7.48 (m, 1 H), 7.45 - 7.39 (m, 2H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 3.91 - 3.83 (m, 2H), 3.74 - 3.64 (m, 2H), 3.63 - 3.57 (m, 1 H), 3.50 - 3.44 (m, 1 H), 3.42 - 3.27 (m, 1 H), 3.07 - 2.88 (m, 3H), 2.81 - 2.59 (m, 1 H), 2.31 (s, 3H), 1 .25 - 1 .21 (m, 6H).
Example 300: 2-{[5-(1 -Methylethyl)-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5- -methyl-6-(1 -methylethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000231_0001
The title compound was isolated from the synthesis of Example 298. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C26H33N7O, 459.6; m/z found, 460.3. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.84 - 7.72 (m, 2H), 7.67 (s, 1 H), 7.51 - 7.32 (m, 2H), 6.32 - 6.25 (m, 1 H), 3.92 - 3.31 (m, 7H), 3.16 - 2.70 (m, 5H), 2.31 (d, J = 4.7 Hz, 3H), 1 .28 - 1 .14 (m, 12H).
Example 301 : 2-(4-tert-Butyl-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3- triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000231_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 55 substituting Intermediate 58 for 2,4-dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine and 1 .0 M tBuMgBr in THF for 3.0 M MeMgBr in Et2O. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C24H28FN7O, 449.54; m/z found, 450.3. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.93 - 7.72 (m, 3H), 7.54 - 7.45 (m, 1 H), 7.20 - 7.1 1 (m, 1 H), 6.66 - 6.59 (m, 1 H), 4.23 - 3.60 (m, 7H), 3.38 - 3.06 (m, 3H), 2.67 - 2.43 (m, 3H), 1 .29 (s, 9H). Example 302: 2-(4-Cyclopropyl-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-fluoro-6-(2H- -triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000232_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 55 substituting Intermediate 58 for 2,4-dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine and 0.5 M cyclopropylmagnesium bromide in THF for 3.0 M MeMgBr in Et2O. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C23H2 FNO, 433.49; m/z found, 434.2. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCIs): 7.87 - 7.80 (m, 2H), 7.71 (s, 1 H), 7.51 - 7.43 (m, 1 H), 7.18 - 7.1 1 (m, 1 H), 6.31 - 6.26 (m, 1 H), 3.99 - 3.79 (m, 2H), 3.79 - 3.72 (m, 1 H), 3.69 - 3.45 (m, 4H), 3.27 - 3.20 (m, 1 H), 3.10 - 2.91 (m, 2H), 2.29 (s, 3H), 1 .82 - 1 .74 (m, 1 H), 1 .10 - 1 .00 (m, 2H), 0.95 - 0.88 (m, 2H).
Example 303: 2-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-(4- methyl-1 ,3,5-triazin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000232_0002
Step A: tert-Butyl 5-(4-chloro-1 ,3,5-triazin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole-2(1 H)-carboxylate. To a solution of 2,4-dichloro-1 ,3,5-triazine (150 mg, 0.953 mmol) in ACN(5 mL) was added a solution of Intermediate 15 (202 mg, 0.953 mmol) and DIPEA (0.33 mL, 1 .91 mmol) in ACN (5 mL) at 0 °C dropwise. After 10 min the mixture was diluted with saturated aqueous NH CI solution. The aqueous layer was then extracted with DCM and the combined organic extracts were dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatography (Hexanes to 80% EtOAc/Hexanes) afforded the desired product as a white solid (137 mg, 44%). MS (ESI) mass calculated for
Ci4H2oCIN5O2, 325.13; m/z found, 326.1 .
Step B: tert-Butyl 5-(4-methyl-1 ,3,5-triazin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole-2(1 H)-carboxylate. tert-Butyl 5-(4-methyl-1 ,3,5-triazin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2(1 H)-carboxylate was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 55 substituting the product of Step A for 2,4- dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C15H23N5O2, 305.18; m/z found, 306.0.
Step C: 2-(4-Methyl-1 ,3,5-triazin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole. tert-Butyl 5-(4-methyl-1 ,3,5-triazin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-2(1 H)- carboxylate (43 mg, 0.142 mmol), DCM (1 .4 ml_) and TFA (0.71 ml_) were stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The mixture was concentrated in vacuo and taken on to the next step without further purification.
Step D: 2-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-(4- methyl-1 ,3,5-triazin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole. Example 303 was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 59 substituting the product of Step C for Intermediate 15 and Intermediate 12 for 2-(4H-[1 ,2,4]triazol-3-yl)- benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calculated for Ci9Hi9FN8O, 394.41 ; m/z found, 395.0. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.51 - 8.42 (m, 1 H), 7.89 - 7.81 (m, 2H), 7.75 (d, J = 3.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.54 - 7.45 (m, 1 H), 7.20 - 7.1 1 (m, 1 H), 4.02 - 3.51 (m, 8H), 3.32 - 3.23 (m, 1 H), 3.17 - 3.00 (m, 2H), 2.50 - 2.40 (m, 3H).
Example 304: 2-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-(4- methyl-6-morpholin-4-ylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000233_0001
A mixture of Intermediate 58 (137 mg, 0.254 mmol) and morpholine (1 .3 ml_) was stirred 14 h at room temperature. The mixture was concentrated in vacuo Chromatography (DCM to 8% 2 M NH3 in MeOH/DCM) afforded the desired product as a pale yellow foam (95 mg, 78%). MS (ESI) mass calculated for C2 H27FN8O2, 478.53; m/z found, 479.3. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.86 - 7.78 (m, 2H), 7.72 (s, 1 H), 7.51 - 7.44 (m, 1 H), 7.18 - 7.10 (m, 1 H), 5.77 - 5.72 (m, 1 H), 3.99 - 3.47 (m, 13H), 3.28 - 3.21 (m, 1 H), 3.09 - 2.91 (m, 2H), 2.90 - 2.86 (m, 2H), 2.25 (s, 3H). Example 305: 2-{[2-(4H-1 ,2,4-Triazol-3-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-(4,5,6- trimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000234_0001
Step A: (2-(4H-1 ,2,4-Triazol-3-yl)phenyl)(hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl)methanone. (2-(4H-1 ,2,4-Triazol-3-yl)phenyl)(hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 303, substituting Intermediate 59 for the product of Example 303 in Step C. MS (ESI) mass calculated for Ci5H17NO, 283.14; m/z found, 284.2.
Step B: 2-{[2-(4H-1 ,2,4-Triazol-3-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-(4,5,6- trimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole. The product of Step A (167 mg, 0.421 mmol), Intermediate 56 (66 mg, 0.421 mmol) and DIPEA (0.29 ml_, 1 .68 mmol) were heated for 2 h at 200 °C in ACN (1 .4 ml_) in the
microwave. The mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified using Agilent HPLC (basic system) to yield impure material. This material was subsequently purified using normal phase chromatography (DCM to 8% 2M NH3 in MeOH/DCM) to afford the title compound (49 mg, 29%). MS (ESI) mass calculated for C22H25N7O, 403.49; m/z found, 404.2. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCIs): 8.16 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1 H), 8.06 (s, 1 H), 7.54 - 7.49 (m, 1 H), 7.48 - 7.44 (m, 1 H), 7.35 (d, J = 7.5 Hz, 1 H), 3.96 - 3.89 (m, 1 H), 3.85 - 3.77 (m, 1 H), 3.74 - 3.68 (m, 1 H), 3.68 - 3.55 (m, 2H), 3.42 (br s, 2H), 3.16 (br s, 1 H), 3.04 - 2.96 (m, 1 H), 2.89 (br s, 1 H), 2.32 (s, 6H), 2.05 (s, 3H).
Example 306: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000234_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 59 substituting Intermediate 23 for Intermediate 15 and 2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4- oxadiazol-5-yl)benzoic acid for 2-(4H-[1 ,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C22H24N6O2, 404.48; m/z found, 405.2. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCIs): 8.10 (dd, J = 7.9 Hz, 0.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.62 (td, J = 7.6 Hz, 1 .2 Hz, 1 H), 7.53 (td, J = 7.7 Hz, 1 .3 Hz, 1 H), 7.42 (dd, J = 7.6 Hz, 1 .0 Hz, 1 H), 6.28 (s, 1 H), 3.99 - 3.88 (m, 2H), 3.80 - 3.75 (m, 1 H), 3.74 - 3.65 (m, 2H), 3.53 - 3.48 (m, 1 H), 3.46 - 3.40 (m, 1 H), 3.12 - 3.04 (m, 2H), 3.01 - 2.93 (m, 1 H), 2.42 (s, 3H), 2.28 (s, 6H).
Example 307: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-5- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000235_0001
Step A: (Hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(2-(1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4- triazol-5-yl)phenyl)methanone. Intermediate 60 (100 mg, 0.252 mmol), DCM (2.5 ml_), TFA (0.5 ml_) were stirred at room temperature for 2 h and then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in DCM and treated with Dowex 550 A resin. After stirring for 2 h the resin was removed by filtration and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo to a colorless oil which was taken on to the next step without further purification. MS (ESI) mass calculated for
C16H19N5O, 297.16; m/z found, 298.0.
Step B: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol- 5-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole. Example 307 was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 290 substituting the product of Step A for Intermediate 20 and 2-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine for Intermediate 55. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C22H25N7O, 403.21 ; m/z found, 404.2. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.83 (s, 1 H), 7.58 - 7.49 (m, 2H), 7.47 - 7.42 (m, 2H), 6.28 (s, 1 H), 3.85 - 3.80 (m, 4H), 3.75 - 3.69 (m, 2H), 3.55 - 3.45 (m, 4H), 3.24 - 3.19 (m, 1 H), 2.99 - 2.88 (m, 2H), 2.29 (s, 6H). Example 308: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000236_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 307 substituting Intermediate 61 for Intermediate 60 in Step A. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C22H25N7O, 403.21 ; m/z found, 404.2. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.12 - 8.06 (m, 1 H), 7.93 (s, 1 H), 7.49 - 7.38 (m, 2H), 7.37 - 7.29 (m, 1 H), 6.27 (s, 1 H), 3.95 - 3.83 (m, 5H), 3.78 - 3.60 (m, 3H), 3.47 - 3.38 (m, 2H), 3.08 - 2.98 (m, 2H), 2.95 - 2.86 (m, 1 H), 2.29 (s, 6H).
Example 309: 2-{[2-(3-Methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-(4,5,6- trimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000236_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 307 substituting Intermediate 62 for Intermediate 60 in Step A, and Intermediate 56 for 2-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine in Step B. MS (ESI) mass calculated for 023Η26Ν6θ2, 418.21 ; m/z found, 419.3. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.09 (dd, J = 7.9 Hz, 0.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.60 (td, J = 7.6 Hz, 1 .2 Hz, 1 H), 7.52 (td, J = 7.7 Hz, 1 .3 Hz, 1 H), 7.41 (dd, J = 7.6 Hz, 1 .0 Hz, 1 H), 3.98 - 3.93 (m, 1 H), 3.90 - 3.84 (m, 1 H), 3.79 - 3.73 (m, 1 H), 3.70 - 3.61 (m, 2H), 3.50 - 3.44 (m, 1 H), 3.44 - 3.38 (m, 1 H), 3.10 - 3.02 (m, 2H), 2.98 - 2.91 (m, 1 H), 2.42 (s, 3H), 2.30 (s, 6H), 2.06 (s, 3H). Example 310: 2-(5-Fluoro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4- oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000237_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 307 substituting Intermediate 62 for Intermediate 60 in Step A, and Intermediate 55 for 2-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine in Step B. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C2iH2iFN6O2j 408.17; m/z found, 409.2. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.10 (dd, J = 7.9 Hz, 0.9 Hz, 1 H), 8.04 (d, J = 1 .8 Hz, 1 H), 7.61 (td, J = 7.6 Hz, 1 .3 Hz, 1 H), 7.53 (td, J = 7.7 Hz, 1 .3 Hz, 1 H), 7.42 (dd, J = 7.6 Hz, 1 .0 Hz, 1 H), 4.00 - 3.94 (m, 1 H), 3.90 - 3.83 (m, 1 H), 3.79 - 3.74 (m, 1 H), 3.71 - 3.60 (m, 2H), 3.47 - 3.41 (m, 2H), 3.13 - 3.06 (m, 2H), 3.02 - 2.94 (m, 1 H), 2.41 (s, 3H), 2.35 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 3H).
Example 31 1 : 2-{[2-(1 -Methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-(4,5,6- trimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000237_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 307 substituting Intermediate 61 for Intermediate 60 in Step A, and Intermediate 56 for 2-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine in Step B. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C23H27N7O, 417.23; m/z found, 418.2. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.1 1 - 8.04 (m, 1 H), 7.93 (s, 1 H), 7.47 - 7.38 (m, 2H), 7.34 - 7.30 (m, 1 H), 3.94 - 3.79 (m, 5H), 3.75 - 3.69 (m, 1 H), 3.66 - 3.56 (m, 2H), 3.43 - 3.36 (m, 2H), 3.07 - 2.97 (m, 2H), 2.92 - 2.85 (m, 1 H), 2.32 (s, 6H), 2.06 (s, 3H).
Example 312: 2-(5-Fluoro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4- triazol-3-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000238_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 307 substituting Intermediate 61 for Intermediate 60 in Step A, and Intermediate 55 for 2-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine in Step B. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C21 H22FN7O, 407.19; m/z found, 408.2. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.09 (dd, J = 7.5 Hz, 1 .5 Hz, 1 H), 8.04 (d, J = 1 .7 Hz, 1 H), 7.94 (s, 1 H), 7.47 - 7.39 (m, 2H), 7.34 - 7.30 (m, 1 H), 3.97 - 3.85 (m, 4H), 3.85 - 3.78 (m, 1 H), 3.76 - 3.70 (m, 1 H), 3.66 - 3.55 (m, 2H), 3.45 - 3.36 (m, 2H), 3.09 - 3.00 (m, 2H), 2.97 - 2.88 (m, 1 H), 2.35 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 3H).
Example 313: 2-[5-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-4-methyl-6,7- dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidine.
Figure imgf000238_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 290 substituting Intermediate 16 for Intermediate 20 and 2-chloro-4-methyl-6,7- dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[c/]pyrimidine for Intermediate 55. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C23H2 FN7O, 433.20; m/z found, 434.2. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.87 - 7.78 (m, 2H), 7.72 (s, 1 H), 7.49 - 7.42 (m, 1 H), 7.17 - 7.09 (m, 1 H), 4.01 - 3.84 (m, 2H), 3.82 - 3.49 (m, 5H), 3.29 - 3.22 (m, 1 H), 3.13 - 2.93 (m, 2H), 2.86 - 2.79 (m, 2H), 2.78 - 2.72 (m, 2H), 2.28 (s, 3H), 2.09 - 2.00 (m, 2H).
Example 314: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[3-fluoro-2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4- oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000239_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 59 substituting Intermediate 23 for Intermediate 15 and Intermediate 63 for 2-(4H- [1 ,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C22H23FN6O2, 422.19; m/z found, 423.2. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.62 - 7.56 (m, 1 H), 7.31 - 7.26 (m, 1 H), 7.24 - 7.20 (m, 1 H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 3.93 - 3.86 (m, 2H), 3.77 - 3.62 (m, 3H), 3.57 - 3.47 (m, 2H), 3.21 - 3.16 (m, 1 H), 3.10 - 2.96 (m, 2H), 2.43 (s, 3H), 2.28 (s, 6H).
Example 315: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-fluoro-6-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4- oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000239_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Intermediate 59 substituting Intermediate 23 for Intermediate 15 and Intermediate 64 for 2-(4H- [1 ,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C22H23FN6O2, 422.19; m/z found, 423.2. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.96 - 7.86 (m, 1 H), 7.55 - 7.47 (m, 1 H), 7.38 - 7.29 (m, 1 H), 6.32 - 6.23 (m, 1 H), 3.99 - 3.46 (m, 7H), 3.27 - 2.95 (m, 3H), 2.49 - 2.37 (m, 3H), 2.36 - 2.21 (m, 6H).
Example 316: 2-(5-Chloro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3- triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000239_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 290 substituting Intermediate 16 for Intermediate 20 and Intermediate 65 for Intermediate 55. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C20H19CIFN7O, 427.13; m/z found, 428.1 . 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.13 (d, J = 1 .3 Hz, 1 H), 7.87 - 7.79 (m, 2H), 7.71 (s, 1 H), 7.51 - 7.43 (m, 1 H), 7.17 - 7.1 1 (m, 1 H), 4.00 - 3.54 (m, 7H), 3.28 - 3.23 (m, 1 H), 3.14 - 2.97 (m, 2H), 2.43 (s, 3H).
Example 317: 2-(5-Chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3- triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000240_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 290 substituting Intermediate 16 for Intermediate 20 and Intermediate 66 for Intermediate 55. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C2i H2iCIFN7O, 441 .15; m/z found, 442.1 . 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.87 - 7.79 (m, 2H), 7.71 (s, 1 H), 7.50 - 7.44 (m, 1 H), 7.17 - 7.1 1 (m, 1 H), 4.00 - 3.73 (m, 3H), 3.70 - 3.46 (m, 4H), 3.27 - 3.22 (m, 1 H), 3.12 - 2.94 (m, 2H), 2.42 (s, 6H).
Example 318: 2-(5-Chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4- oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000240_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 307 substituting Intermediate 62 for Intermediate 60 in Step A, and Intermediate 66 for 2-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine in Step B. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C22H23CIN6O2, 438.16; m/z found, 439.2. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.1 1 (dd, J = 7.6 Hz, 1 .2 Hz, 1 H), 7.62 (td, J = 7.6 Hz, 1 .2 Hz, 1 H), 7.54 (td, J = 7.6 Hz, 1 .2 Hz, 1 H), 7.42 (dd, J = 7.6 Hz, 1 .2 Hz, 1 H), 3.99 - 3.92 (m, 1 H), 3.90 - 3.84 (m, 1 H), 3.80 - 3.74 (m, 1 H), 3.70 - 3.61 (m, 2H), 3.50 - 3.41 (m, 2H), 3.12 - 3.04 (m, 2H), 3.02 - 2.94 (m, 1 H), 2.46 - 2.36 (m, 9H). Example 319: 4-Methyl-2-[5-{[2-(3-methyl-1 ^^-oxadiazol-S- y phenyllcarbonylJhexahydropyrrolo^-clpyrrol^l H^^
cyclopenta[d]pyrimidine.
Figure imgf000241_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 307 substituting Intermediate 62 for Intermediate 60 in Step A, and 2-chloro-4- methyl-6,7-dihydro-5/-/-cyclopenta[c/]pyrimidine for 2-chloro-4,6- dimethylpyrimidine in Step B. MS (ESI) mass calculated for θ24Η26Ν6Ο2, 430.21 ; m/z found, 431 .2. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.10 (dd, J = 7.9 Hz, 0.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.61 (td, J = 7.6 Hz, 1 .3 Hz, 1 H), 7.53 (td, J = 7.6 Hz, 1 .3 Hz, 1 H), 7.42 (dd, J = 7.6 Hz, 1 .0 Hz, 1 H), 3.99 - 3.87 (m, 2H), 3.80 - 3.74 (m, 1 H), 3.73 - 3.65 (m, 2H), 3.52 - 3.47 (m, 1 H), 3.45 - 3.39 (m, 1 H), 3.1 1 - 3.05 (m, 2H), 3.01 - 2.93 (m, 1 H), 2.83 - 2.72 (m, 4H), 2.43 (s, 3H), 2.26 (s, 3H), 2.08 - 2.00 (m, 2H).
Example 320: 2-(5-Chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4- triazol-3-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000241_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 307 substituting Intermediate 61 for Intermediate 60 in Step A, and Intermediate 66 for 2-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine in Step B. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C22H2 CIN7O, 437.17; m/z found, 438.2. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.12 - 8.06 (m, 1 H), 7.95 (s, 1 H), 7.47 - 7.40 (m, 2H), 7.34 - 7.31 (m, 1 H), 3.96 - 3.85 (m, 4H), 3.85 - 3.78 (m, 1 H), 3.77 - 3.70 (m, 1 H), 3.65 - 3.57 (m, 2H), 3.45 - 3.38 (m, 2H), 3.08 - 3.00 (m, 2H), 2.95 - 2.87 (m, 1 H), 2.41 (s, 6H). Example 321 : 2-(5-Chloro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4- triazol-3-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000242_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 307 substituting Intermediate 61 for Intermediate 60 in Step A, and Intermediate 65 for 2-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine in Step B. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C21 H22CIN7O, 423.16; m/z found, 424.2. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.15 - 8.06 (m, 2H), 7.96 (s, 1 H), 7.48 - 7.40 (m, 2H), 7.36 - 7.30 (m, 1 H), 3.96 - 3.80 (m, 5H), 3.79 - 3.70 (m, 1 H), 3.67 - 3.55 (m, 2H), 3.47 - 3.37 (m, 2H), 3.10 - 3.01 (m, 2H), 2.99 - 2.90 (m, 1 H), 2.41 (s, 3H).
Example 322: 2-(5-Ethyl-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4- triazol-3-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000242_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 307 substituting Intermediate 61 for Intermediate 60 in Step A, and Intermediate 67 for 2-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine in Step B. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C2 H29N7O, 431 .24; m/z found, 432.2. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.1 1 - 8.05 (m, 1 H), 7.95 (s, 1 H), 7.48 - 7.39 (m, 2H), 7.35 - 7.30 (m, 1 H), 3.96 - 3.79 (m, 5H), 3.77 - 3.70 (m, 1 H), 3.66 - 3.55 (m, 2H), 3.43 - 3.35 (m, 2H), 3.08 - 2.97 (m, 2H), 2.94 - 2.86 (m, 1 H), 2.52 (q, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 2.34 (s, 6H), 1 .08 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 3H). Example 323: 2-{[3-(2H-1 ,2,3-Triazol-2-yl)pyndin-2-yl]carbonyl}-5-(4,5,6- trimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000243_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 290 substituting Intermediate 68 for Intermediate 20 and Intermediate 56 for
Intermediate 55. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C2i H24N8O, 404.21 ; m/z found, 405.2. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.62 (dd, J = 4.7 Hz, 1 .4 Hz, 1 H), 8.33 (dd, J = 8.3 Hz, 1 .4 Hz, 1 H), 7.79 (s, 2H), 7.48 (dd, J = 8.3 Hz, 4.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.96 - 3.84 (m, 2H), 3.78 - 3.63 (m, 4H), 3.60 - 3.54 (m, 1 H), 3.29 - 3.23 (m, 1 H), 3.12 - 2.98 (m, 2H), 2.33 (s, 6H), 2.07 (s, 3H).
Example 324: 2-(5-Chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[3-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)pyridin-2-yl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000243_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 290 substituting Intermediate 68 for Intermediate 20 and Intermediate 66 for Intermediate 55. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C2oH2iCIN8O, 424.15; m/z found, 425.1 . 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.62 (dd, J = 4.7 Hz, 1 .4 Hz, 1 H), 8.33 (dd, J = 8.3 Hz, 1 .4 Hz, 1 H), 7.81 (s, 2H), 7.48 (dd, J = 8.3 Hz, 4.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.95 - 3.89 (m, 1 H), 3.89 - 3.83 (m, 1 H), 3.79 - 3.74 (m, 1 H), 3.73 - 3.64 (m, 3H), 3.60 - 3.53 (m, 1 H), 3.28 - 3.23 (m, 1 H), 3.13 - 2.98 (m, 2H), 2.42 (s, 6H).
Example 325: 2-(5-Fluoro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[3-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)pyridin-2-yl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000244_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 290 substituting Intermediate 68 for Intermediate 20 and Intermediate 69 for Intermediate 55. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C2oH2i FN8O, 408.18; m/z found, 409.1 . 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.62 (dd, J = 4.7 Hz, 1 .4 Hz, 1 H), 8.34 (dd, J = 8.3 Hz, 1 .4 Hz, 1 H), 7.79 (s, 2H), 7.48 (dd, J = 8.3 Hz, 4.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.97 - 3.89 (m, 1 H), 3.88 - 3.82 (m, 1 H), 3.78 - 3.73 (m, 1 H), 3.72 - 3.62 (m, 3H), 3.57 - 3.51 (m, 1 H), 3.29 - 3.23 (m, 1 H), 3.12 - 2.99 (m, 2H), 2.33 (d, J = 2.6 Hz, 6H).
Example 326: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-(9H-fluoren-4- ylcarbonyl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000244_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example15 substituting 9H-fluorene-4-carboxylic acid for 3-fluoro-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl- benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C2oH2i FN8O, 410.52; m/z found, 41 1 .2. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.68 - 7.61 (m, 1 H), 7.58 - 7.51 (m, 2H), 7.35 - 7.23 (m, 4H), 6.28 (s, 1 H), 4.13 (dd, J = 12.8, 7.9 Hz, 1 H), 3.94 - 3.87 (m, 3H), 3.80 (dd, J = 12.8, 5.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.73 - 3.64 (m, 2H), 3.46 (s, 2H), 3.1 1 (dtd, J = 12.5, 7.5, 4.9 Hz, 2H), 2.97 - 2.86 (m, 1 H), 2.28 (s, 6H).
Example 327: [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2- yl]-(5-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzo[1 ,3]dioxol-4-yl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000245_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 275 substituting 5-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzo[1 ,3]dioxole-4-carboxylic acid
(Intermediate 76) for 6-methyl-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-nicotinic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H23N7O3, 433.47; m/z found 434.3 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.75 (s, 1 H), 7.64 (s, 1 H), 7.42 (t, J = 8.7 Hz, 1 H), 6.89 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1 H), 6.29 (d, J = 3.4 Hz, 1 H), 6.13 - 5.99 (m, 2H), 3.95 - 3.75 (m, 3H), 3.74 - 3.50 (m, 5H), 3.26 (ddd, J = 43.0, 10.7, 5.1 Hz, 1 H), 3.09 - 2.92 (m, 2H), 2.30 (s, 6H).
Example 328: [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2- -(8-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-naphthalen-1 -yl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000245_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 275 substituting 8-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-naphthalene-1 -carboxylic acid (Intermediate 75) for 6-methyl-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-nicotinic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C2H25N7O, 439.41 ; m/z found 440.3 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) 8.00 (m, J = 1 1 .0, 7.1 , 2.7 Hz, 2H), 7.80 (m, J = 51 .6 Hz, 2H), 7.69 - 7.49 (m, 4H), 6.31 (m, J = 12.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.91 (m, J = 1 1 .6, 7.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.85 - 3.62 (m, 4H), 3.57 - 3.47 (m, 2H), 3.38 - 3.28 (m, 1 H), 3.18 (m, J = 10.9, 5.9 Hz, 1 H), 3.06 - 2.93 (m, 2H), 2.30 (m, J = 8.3 Hz, 6H).
Example 329: [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2- yl]-(4-[1 ,2,3]triazol-1 -yl-pyridin-3-yl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000246_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 275 substituting 4-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)nicotinic acid (Intermediate 81 ) for 6-methyl- 2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-nicotinic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C2oH22N8O, 390.40; m/z found 391 .4 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.83 (d, J = 5.4 Hz, 1 H), 8.75 (s, 1 H), 8.10 (d, J = 1 .0 Hz, 1 H), 7.82 (d, J = 0.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.69 (d, J = 5.4 Hz, 1 H), 6.31 (s, 1 H), 3.86 (ddd, J = 16.6, 12.3, 7.7 Hz, 2H), 3.75 - 3.67 (m, 1 H), 3.56 (ddd, J = 16.5, 12.3, 4.8 Hz, 2H), 3.35 (dt, J = 14.9, 7.7 Hz, 2H), 3.04 - 2.86 (m, 3H), 2.30 (s, 6H).
Example 330: (5-tert-Butyl-2-methoxy-phenyl)-[5-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)- hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone.
Figure imgf000246_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 275 substituting 5-tert-butyl-2-methoxybenzoic acid for 6-methyl-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl- nicotinic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C24H32N O2, 408.54; m/z found 409.3 [M+H]+ 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.34 (dd, J = 8.7, 2.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.27 - 7.24 (m, 1 H), 6.82 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 1 H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 3.96 (dd, J = 12.7, 7.9 Hz, 1 H), 3.87 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 7.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.80 - 3.73 (m, 4H), 3.67 - 3.60 (m, 2H), 3.57 - 3.45 (m, 2H), 3.21 (dd, J = 1 1 .0, 4.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.09 - 3.00 (m, 1 H), 2.99 - 2.91 (m, 1 H), 2.29 (s, 6H), 1 .28 (s, 9H).
Example 331 : [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2-yl]-(1 -[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000247_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 275 substituting 1 -[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-naphthalene-2-carboxylic acid (Intermediate 73) for 6-methyl-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-nicotinic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for
C25H25N7O, 439.52; m/z found 440.3 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.02 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.95 - 7.91 (m, 1 H), 7.88 (s, 2H), 7.72 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1 H), 7.56 (dddd, J = 14.9, 8.2, 6.9, 1 .3 Hz, 2H), 7.52 - 7.48 (m, 1 H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 3.83 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 7.5 Hz, 1 H), 3.72 (ddd, J = 14.6, 12.2, 7.1 Hz, 2H), 3.56 - 3.45 (m, 4H), 3.19 (dd, J = 1 1 .0, 5.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.00 - 2.87 (m, 3H), 2.31 (s, 6H).
Example 332: [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl]-(3-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-pyridin-2-yl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000247_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 275 substituting 3-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (Intermediate 72) for 6-methyl-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-nicotinic acid. Excess amounts of acetic acid from the purification of the acid (in previous steps) still remained and allowed the acetamide to be formed in significant quantities as a byproduct, which was isolated in addition to the title compound. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C20H22N8O, 390.44; m/z found 391 .3 [M+H]+ 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.62 (dd, J = 4.7, 1 .3 Hz, 1 H), 8.33 (dd, J = 8.3, 1 .3 Hz, 1 H), 7.79 (s, 2H), 7.48 (dd, J = 8.3, 4.7 Hz, 1 H), 6.28 (s, 1 H), 3.92 (td, J = 12.5, 7.4 Hz, 2H), 3.80 - 3.57 (m, 5H), 3.26 (dd, J = 10.8, 5.3 Hz, 1 H), 3.12 - 2.98 (m, 2H), 2.30 (s, 6H). Example 333: (2-Bromo-4,5-dimethoxy-phenyl)-[5-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)- hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone.
Figure imgf000248_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 275 substituting 5-acetamido-2-bromobenzoic acid for 6-methyl-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl- nicotinic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C2i H25BrN4O3, 461 .35; m/z found 463.3 [M+H]+ . 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 6.98 (s, 1 H), 6.77 (s, 1 H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 3.98 - 3.89 (m, 2H), 3.86 (d, J = 9.2 Hz, 6H), 3.79 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 7.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.67 - 3.59 (m, 2H), 3.53 (dd, J = 1 1 .5, 4.4 Hz, 2H), 3.22 (s, 1 H), 3.12 - 2.96 (m, 2H), 2.29 (s, 6H).
Example 334: (3,4-Dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1 ,4]dioxepin-6-yl)-[5-(4,6-dimethyl- pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone.
Figure imgf000248_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 275 substituting 3,4-dihydro-2H-1 ,5-benzodioxepine-6-carboxylic acid for 6-methyl- 2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-nicotinic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H26N4O3, 394.47; m/z found 395.3 [M+H]+ . 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 6.99 (dd, J = 7.9, 1 .9 Hz, 1 H), 6.93 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 1 H), 6.88 (dd, J = 7.4, 1 .9 Hz, 1 H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 4.20 (s, 2H), 3.90 (ddd, J = 19.1 , 12.1 , 7.6 Hz, 2H), 3.81 - 3.73 (m, 1 H), 3.68 - 3.58 (m, 2H), 3.57 - 3.45 (m, 2H), 3.23 (dd, J = 10.9, 4.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.09 - 2.90 (m, 2H), 2.29 (s, 6H), 2.14 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 2H).
Example 335: (5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl)(4-fluoro-2-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000249_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 248, substituting 6-methyl-2-(tributylstannyl)pyridine for 5-methyl-2- (tributylstannyl)pyridine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C25H26FN5O, 431 .21 ; found 432.2 [M+H]+.
Example 336: [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2- l]-(6-methyl-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-1 -yl-pyridin-3-yl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000249_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 275 substituting 6-methyl-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-1 -yl-nicotinic acid (Intermediate 71 ) for 6- methyl-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-nicotinic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C2i H24N8O, 404.47; m/z found 405.3 [M+H]+ 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.45 (d, J = 0.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.78 (s, 1 H), 7.71 (d, J = 7.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.26 (t, J = 3.9 Hz, 1 H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 4.01 (dd, J = 12.6, 7.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.91 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 7.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.76 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 7.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.65 - 3.58 (m, 2H), 3.51 (ddd, J = 16.0, 1 1 .1 , 5.9 Hz, 2H), 3.15 (dt, J = 10.1 , 5.1 Hz, 1 H), 3.12 - 2.95 (m, 2H), 2.61 (s, 3H), 2.30 (s, 6H).
Example 337: (1 -Bromo-naphthalen-2-yl)-[5-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)- hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone.
Figure imgf000249_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 275 substituting 5-acetamido-2-bromobenzoic acid for 6-methyl-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl- nicotinic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C23H23BrN4O, 451 .36; m/z found 451 .3 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.29 (d, J = 7.1 Hz, 1 H), 7.85 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 7.64 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.60 - 7.54 (m, 1 H), 7.33 (s, 1 H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 4.03 (s, 1 H), 3.91 (s, 1 H), 3.77 (dt, J = 14.9, 7.4 Hz, 2H), 3.66 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 5.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.51 (d, J = 52.5 Hz, 2H), 3.18 (d, J = 65.6 Hz, 2H), 2.98 (d, J = 21 .2 Hz, 1 H), 2.30 (s, 6H).
Example 338: [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2- -(3-methoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000250_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 275 substituting 3-methoxy-2-naphthoic acid for 6-methyl-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl- nicotinic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C24H26N4O2, 402.49; m/z found 403.3 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.78 - 7.70 (m, 3H), 7.49 - 7.43 (m, 1 H), 7.39 - 7.32 (m, 1 H), 7.15 (s, 1 H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 3.99 (dd, J = 12.7, 7.9 Hz, 1 H), 3.93 - 3.85 (m, 4H), 3.79 - 3.62 (m, 3H), 3.56 - 3.45 (m, 2H), 3.21 (dd, J = 1 1 .1 , 4.9 Hz, 1 H), 3.1 1 - 3.02 (m, 1 H), 2.99 - 2.90 (m, 1 H), 2.30 (s, 6H).
Example 339: [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2- l]-(8-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-naphthalen-1 -yl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000250_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 275 substituting 1 -[1 ,2,3]triazol-1 -yl-naphthalene-2-carboxylic acid (Intermediate 74) for 6-methyl-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-nicotinic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C25H25N7O, 439.52; m/z found 440.3 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.08 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1 H), 8.01 (d, J = 0.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.97 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.92 (d, J = 0.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.65 - 7.59 (m, 1 H), 7.56 (ddd, J = 8.1 , 7.0, 1 .2 Hz, 1 H), 7.51 - 7.47 (m, 1 H), 7.36 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1 H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 3.82 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 7.3 Hz, 1 H), 3.76 - 3.63 (m, 2H), 3.56 (dd, J = 1 1 .2, 7.1 Hz, 1 H), 3.49 (dd, J = 1 1 .5, 3.8 Hz, 1 H), 3.45 - 3.36 (m, 2H), 3.14 (dd, J = 1 1 .2, 4.9 Hz, 1 H), 2.96 - 2.84 (m, 2H), 2.29 (s, 6H).
Example 340: [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2- -(1 -methoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone.
Figure imgf000251_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 275 substituting 1 -methoxy-2-naphthoic acid for 6-methyl-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl- nicotinic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C2 H26N4O2, 402.49; m/z found 403.3 [M+H]+ . 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.19 - 8.12 (m, 1 H), 7.84 (dt, J = 6.2, 2.6 Hz, 1 H), 7.62 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.56 - 7.49 (m, 2H), 7.36 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1 H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 4.07 - 3.97 (m, 4H), 3.91 (dd, J = 1 1 .5, 7.5 Hz, 1 H), 3.80 - 3.55 (m, 4H), 3.48 (dd, J = 1 1 .5, 4.6 Hz, 1 H), 3.33 (s, 1 H), 3.13 - 3.04 (m, 1 H), 3.01 - 2.92 (m, 1 H), 2.30 (s, 6H).
Example 341 : (4,5-Dimethoxy-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-1 -yl-phenyl)-[5-(4,6-dimethyl- pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone.
Figure imgf000252_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 275 substituting 2,3-dimethoxy-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-1 -yl-benzoic acid (Intermediate 78) for 6-methyl-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-nicotinic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C23H27N7O3, 449.51 ; m/z found 450.3 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.93 (s, 1 H), 7.77 (s, 1 H), 7.17 (s, 1 H), 6.92 (s, 1 H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 3.95 (d, J = 1 .6 Hz, 6H), 3.74 (ddd, J = 29.3, 15.1 , 7.9 Hz, 3H), 3.46 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H), 3.28 (d, J = 7.5 Hz, 1 H), 3.14 (d, J = 7.4 Hz, 1 H), 2.89 (s, 2H), 2.77 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 2.29 (s, 6H).
Example 342: (4,5-Dimethoxy-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-[5-(4,6-dimethyl- pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone.
Figure imgf000252_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 275 substituting 2,3-dimethoxy-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzoic acid (Intermediate 77) for 6-methyl-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-nicotinic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C23H27N7O3, 449.51 ; m/z found 450.3 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.70 (s, 2H), 7.45 (s, 1 H), 6.89 (s, 1 H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 3.97 (s, 3H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.84 (dt, J = 1 1 .6, 7.6 Hz, 2H), 3.65 (dd, J = 12.5, 4.1 Hz, 2H), 3.55 (dd, J = 1 1 .5, 5.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.44 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 3.8 Hz, 1 H), 3.27 (s, 1 H), 3.03 - 2.93 (m, 1 H), 2.85 (d, J = 24.5 Hz, 2H), 2.30 (s, 6H).
Example 343: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl)(4-fluoro-2-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000253_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 248 substituting 4-methyl-2-(tributylstannyl)pyridine for 5-methyl-2- (tributylstannyl)pyridine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C25H26FN5O, 431 .21 ; m/z found 432.2 [M+H]+ .
Example 344: (5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(3-propoxypyridin-2-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000253_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2-propoxynicotinic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. C21 H27N5O2, 381 .48; m/z found 382.0 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CD3OD): 8.47 (d, J = 5.5 Hz, 1 H), 8.37 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1 H), 8.06 (dd, J = 8.9, 5.5 Hz, 1 H), 6.83 (s, 1 H), 4.36-4.24 (m, 2H), 4.10-3.97 (m, 3H), 3.81 -3.67 (m, 4H), 3.50-3.44 (m,
1 H), 3.39-3.33 (m, 1 H), 3.30-3.22 (m, 1 H), 2.54 (s, 6H), 1 .92-1 .80 (m, 2H), 1 .03 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 3H).
The following prophetic example may be prepared using the procedures described in the previous examples.
Example 345: (3-Propoxypyridin-2-yl)(5-(5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000254_0001
MS (ESI) mass calcd. For C20H23F3N5O2, 421 .17.
Example 346: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(4-fluoro-2-(3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000254_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 248, substituting 3-fluoro-2-(tributylstannyl)pyridine for 5-methyl-2- (tributylstannyl)pyridine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C24H23F2N5O, 435.19; found 436.2 [M+H]+.
Prophetic examples 347- 348 may be prepared using the procedures described in the previous examples.
Example 347: (3-Propoxypyridin-2-yl)(5-(quinoxalin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000254_0003
MS (ESI) mass calcd. For C23H25N5O2, 403
Example 348: 2-(5-([1 ,1 '-biphenyl]-2-ylsulfonyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl)quinoxaline.
Figure imgf000255_0001
The title prophetic compound may be synthesized using
biphenylsulfonylchloride and Intermediate 35. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for
Figure imgf000255_0002
Example 349: 2-[(2,6-Dimethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]-5-[5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2- yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000255_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing 5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole and 2,6- dimethoxybenzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. C21 H22F3N3O3, 421 .42; m/z found 422.0 [M+H]+ . 1H NMR (CD3OD): 8.23 (s, 1 H), 8.12 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.34 (t, J = 8.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.27 (d, J = 9.2 Hz, 1 H), 6.72-6.66 (m, 2H), 4.03-3.48 (m, 14H), 3.28-3.22 (m, 2H).
Example 350: (2,6-Dimethoxyphenyl)(5-(5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
The title prophetic compound may be synthesized in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing 5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole and 2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. For
Figure imgf000255_0005
Example 351 : (2,6-Dimethoxyphenyl)(5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000256_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 23 and 2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. C2iH26N4O3, 382.47; m/z found 383.1 [M+H]+ . 1H NMR (CD3OD): 7.38 (t, J = 8.4 Hz, 1 H), 6.81 (s, 1 H), 6.81 -6.70 (m, 2H), 4.04-3.89 (m, 3H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 3.79 (s, 3H), 3.76-3.55 (m, 4H), 3.27-3.13 (m, 3H), 2.53 (s, 6H).
Example 352: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(3-methylfuran-2-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000256_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, substituting 3-methylfuran-2-carboxylic acid for 3-fluoro-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl- benzoic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. For Ci8H22N4O2, 326.17. m/z found 327.2 [M+H]+ .
Example 353: 2-[(3-Methylfuran-2-yl)carbonyl]-5-[5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2- yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000256_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing 2-(5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole and 3- methylfuran-2-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. C18H18F3N3O2, 365.36; m/z found 366.0 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 8.39 (s, 1 H), 7.62 (d, J = 9.1 Hz, 1 H), 7.32 (d, J = 1 .4 Hz, 1 H), 6.39 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1 H), 6.32 (d, J = 1 .4 Hz, 1 H), 4.17 (brs, 1 H), 3.94 (brs, 1 H), 3.81 (brs, 3H), 3.71 -3.67 (m, 1 H), 3.50 (br s, 2H), 3.1 1 (brs, 2H), 2.37 (s, 3H).
Example 354: (3-Methylfuran-2-yl)(5-(5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000257_0001
The title prophetic compound may be prepared analogous to Example 15, utilizing 5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole and 3- methylfuran-2-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. For Ci7Hi7F3N O2, 366.13.
Example 355: (3-Methylfuran-2-yl)(5-(quinoxalin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000257_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15 utilizing Intermediate 35 and 3-methylfuran-2-carboxylic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. For C2oH2oN4O2, 348.16; m/z found 349.0 [M+H]+.
Example 356: 2-([1 ,1 '-Biphenyl]-2-ylsulfonyl)-5-(5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000258_0001
The title compound may be prepared using biphenylsulfonylchloride and 5- (trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole. MS (ESI) mass calcd. For C2 H22F3N3O2S, 473.14; m/z found 474.1 [M+H]+.
Example 357: 2-([1 ,1 '-Biphenyl]-2-ylsulfonyl)-5-(5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000258_0002
The title prophetic compound may be prepared using biphenylsulfonylchloride and 5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole MS (ESI) mass calcd. For C23H2i F3N4O2S, 474.13.
Example 358: 2-([1 ,1 '-Biphenyl]-2-ylsulfonyl)-5-(4,6-dimethylpy
yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000258_0003
The title compound was prepared using biphenylsulfonylchloride and 4,6- dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole. MS (ESI) mass calcd For C2 H26N4O2S, 434.18; m/z found 435.2 [M+H]+.
Example 359: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-((2- methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000259_0001
The title compound was prepared using 2-methoxyphenyl)sulfonylchloride and Intermediate 23. MS (ESI) mass calcd. For Ci9H2 N4O3S, 388.16; m/z found 389.2 [M+H]+ .
Example 360: 2-((2-Methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)-5-(5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000259_0002
The title prophetic compound may be prepared using 2- methoxyphenyl)sulfonylchloride and 5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole. MS (ESI) mass calcd. For Ci8H19F3N4O3S, 428.1 1 .
Example 361 : 2-((2-Methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)-5-(5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000259_0003
The title compound was prepared using 2-methoxyphenyl)sulfonylchloride and 5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole. MS (ESI) mass calcd. For CigHsoFsNsOsS, 427.12; m/z found 428.2 [M+H]+
Example 362: 2-(5-((2-Methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl)quinoxaline.
Figure imgf000260_0001
The title compound was prepared using 2-methoxyphenyl)sulfonylchloride and Intermediate 35. MS (ESI) mass calcd. For C2i H22N4O3S, 410.14; m/z found 41 1 .1 [M+H]+.
Prophetic Examples 363-365 may be prepared as previously described.
Example 363: (3,6'-Dimethyl-[2,3'-bipyridin]-2'-yl)(5-(quinoxalin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000260_0002
MS (ESI) mass calcd. For
Figure imgf000260_0003
450.22.
Example 364: (3,6'-Dimethyl-[2,3'-bipyridin]-2'-yl)(5-(5- (trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000260_0004
MS (ESI) mass calcd. For C27H23F3N6O, 468.19.
Example 365: (3,6'-Dimethyl-[2,3'-bipyridin]-2'-yl)(5-(5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000261_0001
MS (ESI) mass calcd. For C^sF^FsNsO, 467.19.
Example 366: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(4-fluoro-2-(pyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000261_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 367 substituting (5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl)(4-fluoro-2-iodophenyl)methanone for (5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(3-fluoro-2-iodophenyl)methanone, with the addition of catalytic Cul, substituting dioxane for DME, heating 130 °C in microwave for 60 min. The reaction was filtered through celite, rinsed with EtOAc and then concentrated and purified on RP agilent HPLC and fractions lyophilized. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C24H2 FN5O, 417.20; m/z found, 418.2 [M+H]+.
Example 367: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(3-fluoro-2-(pyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000261_0003
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(3-fluoro- 2-(pyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone. (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(3-fluoro-2-iodophenyl)methanone (51 mg, 0.1 1 mmol) and 2-thbutylstannane pyridine (57 mg, 0.13 mmol) were combined and dissolved in degassed DME then purged with bubbling N2 for 5 minutes. The reaction was treated with Pd(PPh3)4 and then purged with bubbling for 5 minutes in a sealed vessel and then heated to 160 °C in microwave for 90 min. Reaction was filtered through celite, concentrated and purified on 16 g SiO2 with 0-3.5 % NH3 MeOH / CH2CI2. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C24H24FN5O, 417.49; m/z found, 418.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.71 - 7.64 (m, 1 H), 7.57 - 7.52 (m, 1 H), 7.46 (dddd, J = 8.2, 5.6, 2.8, 1 .2 Hz, 1 H), 7.37 (td, J = 7.9, 5.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.30 - 7.24 (m, 2H), 7.20 (ddd, J = 9.0, 2.5, 1 .5 Hz, 1 H), 7.1 1 (tdd, J = 8.4, 2.6, 1 .0 Hz, 1 H), 6.31 (s, 1 H), 3.97 (dd, J = 12.7, 7.8 Hz, 1 H), 3.89 (dd, J = 1 1 .5, 7.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.82 - 3.70 (m, 2H), 3.70 - 3.60 (m, 2H), 3.50 (dd, J = 1 1 .5, 4.6 Hz, 1 H), 3.40 (dd, J = 10.9, 5.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.07 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.03 - 2.94 (m, 1 H), 2.30 (s, 6H).
Example 368: [2,3'-bipyridin]-2'-yl(5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000262_0001
The title prophetic example may be synthesized according to a procedure previously described. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C23H24N6O, 400.48
Example 369: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(4-fluoro-2-(oxazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000262_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 248, substituting 2-(tri-N-butylstannyl)oxazole for 2-tributylstannane pyrimidine. (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H22FN5O2, 407.18; found 408.2 [M+H]+.
Example 370: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(3-fluoro-2-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000263_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 367, substituting 6-methyl-2-(tributylstannyl)pyridine for 2-tributylstannane pyridine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C25H26FN5O, 431 .51 ; m/z found, 432.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.60 (t, J = 7.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.43 - 7.35 (m, 2H), 7.21 - 7.15 (m, J = 13.8, 4.5 Hz, 2H), 7.05 (d, J = 7.7 Hz, 1 H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 3.84 - 3.73 (m, J = 20.1 , 12.0, 7.6 Hz, 2H), 3.67 (dd, J = 1 1 .5, 7.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.63 - 3.53 (m, 1 H), 3.40 (t, J = 13.3 Hz, 2H), 3.30 - 3.20 (m, 1 H), 3.10 (dd, J = 10.8, 5.7 Hz, 1 H), 2.98 - 2.84 (m, 2H), 2.43 (s, 3H), 2.30 (s, 6H).
Example 371 : (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(3-fluoro-2-(3-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000263_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 367. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C25H26FN5O, 431 .51 ; m/z found, 432.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.37 (d, J = 40.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.56 - 7.49 (m, 1 H), 7.41 (td, J = 7.9, 5.3 Hz, 1 H), 7.23 - 7.04 (m, J = 19.5, 9.7 Hz, 3H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 3.96 - 3.45 (m, 6H), 3.46 - 3.19 (m, J = 1 1 .6, 7.6 Hz, 2H), 3.01 - 2.85 (m, 2H), 2.31 (s, 6H), 2.23 (s, 3H).
Example 372: (2-(3-Chloropyridin-2-yl)-3-fluorophenyl)(5-(4,6- dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000264_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 367. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C^h sCIFNsO, 451 .93; m/z found, 452.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.51 (d, J = 3.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.71 (dd, J = 28.1 , 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.45 (td, J = 7.9, 5.3 Hz, 1 H), 7.25 - 7.14 (m, J = 10.6, 7.7 Hz, 3H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 3.77 (s, 2H), 3.72 - 3.59 (m, J = 23.3, 9.8 Hz, 2H), 3.59 - 3.53 (m, 1 H), 3.45 (dd, J = 33.2, 12.0 Hz, 2H), 3.37 - 3.1 1 (m, J = 59.6 Hz, 1 H), 3.02 - 2.88 (m, 2H), 2.31 (s, 6H).
Example 373: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(3-fluoro-2-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000264_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 367. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C25H26FN5O, 431 .51 ; m/z found, 432.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.44 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.43 - 7.40 (m, 1 H), 7.40 - 7.34 (m, 1 H), 7.21 - 7.14 (m, J = 2.7, 1 .1 Hz, 2H), 6.99 (d, J = 4.5 Hz, 1 H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 3.79 (dd, J = 1 1 .5, 7.3 Hz, 1 H), 3.69 (ddd, J = 8.7, 7.1 , 2.1 Hz, 2H), 3.58 - 3.50 (m, 2H), 3.46 (dd, J = 12.6, 4.3 Hz, 1 H), 3.40 (dd, J = 10.9, 4.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.25 (dd, J = 1 1 .0, 5.1 Hz, 1 H), 2.99 - 2.85 (m, 2H), 2.34 (s, 3H), 2.31 (s, 6H). Example 374: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(3-fluoro-2-(5-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000265_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 367. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C25H26FN5O, 431 .51 ; m/z found, 432.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.42 (s, 1 H), 7.53 - 7.48 (m, 2H), 7.42 - 7.33 (m, 1 H), 7.21 - 7.12 (m, 2H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 3.81 (dd, J = 1 1 .5, 7.3 Hz, 1 H), 3.76 - 3.67 (m, J = 1 1 .3, 7.2, 4.3 Hz, 2H), 3.58 - 3.39 (m, 4H), 3.28 (dd, J = 10.9, 4.8 Hz, 1 H), 3.01 - 2.86 (m, 2H), 2.31 (s, 9H).
Example 375: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(3-fluoro-2-(3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000265_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 367 substituting 3-fluoro-2-(tributylstannyl)pyridine for 2-tributylstannane pyridine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C^sFsNsO, 435.48; m/z found, 436.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.45 (dt, J = 4.6, 1 .5 Hz, 1 H), 7.49 - 7.39 (m, 2H), 7.29 - 7.16 (m, 3H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 3.85 - 3.60 (m, 5H), 3.53 - 3.42 (m, 2H), 3.38 (dd, J = 10.9, 4.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.03 - 2.91 (m, 2H), 2.31 (s, 6H).
Example 376: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl)(3-fluoro-2-(oxazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 367 substituting 2-(tri-N-butylstannyl)oxazole for 2-tributylstannane pyridine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H22FN5O2, 407.45; m/z found, 408.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.73 (d, J = 0.6 Hz, 1 H), 7.51 - 7.44 (m, 1 H), 7.25 - 7.20 (m, 2H), 7.18 (dd, J = 7.6, 0.9 Hz, 1 H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 3.90 - 3.83 (m, 2H), 3.74 - 3.60 (m, 3H), 3.52 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 4.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.45 (dd, J = 10.9, 7.5 Hz, 1 H), 3.1 1 (dd, J = 10.9, 5.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.08 - 3.00 (m, 1 H), 3.00 - 2.93 (m, 1 H), 2.30 (s, 6H).
Example 377: 2-(5-Fluoro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[4-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3- triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000266_0002
(Hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(4-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl)methanone (Example 288 - step B, 33 mg, 0.10 mmol), 2-chloro-5- fluoro-4-methylpyrimidine (Intermediate 55, 15 mg, 0.10 mmol) and DIPEA (54 μΙ_, 0.3 mmol) in ACN (1 mL) were heated in a microwave reactor for 2h at 200 °C. Then the reaction mixture was concentrated and purified via prep HPLC (Agilent, basic) gave the title compound as a clear oil. MS (ESI) mass calcd. C21 H22FN7O2, 423.45; m/z found 424.2 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (CDCI3): 8.06 (d, J =
I .8 Hz, 1 H), 7.74 (s, 2H), 7.50 (d, J = 5.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.33 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1 H), 6.95 (dd, J = 8.5, 2.5 Hz, 1 H), 3.93 - 3.76 (m, 5H), 3.71 - 3.59 (m, 2H), 3.53 (dd, J =
I I .4, 5.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.44 - 3.30 (m, 2H), 3.07 - 2.87 (m, 3H), 2.37 (t, J = 4.9 Hz, 3H). Example 378: 2-(5-Chloro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[4-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3- triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000267_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 377, utilizing 2,5-dichloro-4-methylpyrimidine (Intermediate 65) in place of 2-chloro- 5-fluoro-4-methylpyrimidine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. C21 H22CIN7O2, 439.91 ; m/z found 440.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCI3): 8.13 (s, 1 H), 7.74 (s, 2H), 7.51 (d, J = 10.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.32 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 1 H), 6.94 (dd, J = 20.6, 10.3 Hz, 1 H), 3.93 - 3.78 (m, 5H), 3.73 - 3.60 (m, 2H), 3.59 - 3.50 (m, 1 H), 3.47 - 3.30 (m, 2H), 3.08 - 2.87 (m, 3H), 2.44 (s, J = 1 1 .6 Hz, 3H).
Example 379: 2-(5-Fluoro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[4-methoxy-2-(2H- -triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000267_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 377, utilizing 2-chloro-5-fluoro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine (Intermediate 69) in place of 2- chloro-5-fluoro-4-methylpyrimidine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. C22H24FN7O2, 437.48; m/z found 438.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCI3): 7.74 (s, 2H), 7.50 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.35 - 7.30 (m, 1 H), 6.95 (dd, J = 8.5, 2.5 Hz, 1 H), 3.92 - 3.75 (m, 5H), 3.70 - 3.58 (m, 2H), 3.53 (dd, J = 1 1 .5, 5.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.43 - 3.29 (m, 2H), 3.04 - 2.84 (m, 3H), 2.32 (d, J = 6.7 Hz, 6H).
Example 380: 2-(4,5-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[4-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol- 2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000268_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 377, utilizing 2-chloro-4,5-dimethylpyrimidine (Intermediate 57) in place of 2-chloro- 5-fluoro-4-methylpyrimidine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. C22H25N7O2, 419.49; m/z found 420.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCI3): 7.99 (s, 1 H), 7.74 (s, 2H), 7.49 (d, J = 7.3 Hz, 1 H), 7.32 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1 H), 6.94 (dd, J = 8.5, 2.5 Hz, 1 H), 3.92 - 3.78 (m, 5H), 3.72 - 3.61 (m, 2H), 3.54 (dd, J = 1 1 .4, 5.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.42 (dd, J = 1 1 .4, 4.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.34 (s, 1 H), 3.07 - 2.85 (m, 3H), 2.32 (s, 3H), 2.09 (s, 3H).
Example 381 : 2-[(3-Propoxypyridin-2-yl)carbonyl]-5-[5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin- -yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000268_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing 5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole and 2- propoxynicotinic acid. MS (ESI) mass calcd. C2i H23F3N4O2, 420.40; m/z found 421 .1 [M+H]+ . 1H NMR (CD3OD): 8.31 (s, 2H), 8.19 (dd, J = 9.6, 2.3 Hz, 1 H), 8.02 (s, 1 H), 7.80 (s, 1 H), 7.26 (d, J = 9.4 Hz, 1 H), 4.22-4.17 (m, 2H), 4.07-3.93 (m, 3H), 3.79-3.60 (m, 4H), 3.44-3.35 (m, 3H), 1 .88-1 .77 (m, 2H), 1 .02 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 3H).
Example 382: 2-{4,6-Bis[(2H3)methyl](2H)pyhmidin-2-yl}-5-{[2-fluoro-6-(2H- 1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000269_0001
To a solution of Intermediate 91 (150 mg, 0.26 mmol) in DCM (2.6 mL) was added Intermediate 12 (55 mg, 0.26 mmol) followed by EDCI (76 mg, 0.4 mmol), HOBt (54 mg, 0.4 mmol) and TEA (0.15 mL, 1 .06 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 14 h at room temperature and an additional amount of EDCI (76 mg, 0.4 mmol) and TEA (0.15 mL, 1 .06 mmol) were added. After an additional 24 h at room temperature the mixture was concentrated in vacuo and chromatography (Hex to 100% EtOAc/Hex) afforded the desired product as a colorless foam (63 mg, 58%). MS (ESI): mass calculated for C21 H15D7FN7O, 414.23; m/z found 415.2 [M+1 ]+. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.87 - 7.80 (m, 2H), 7.71 (s, 1 H), 7.51 - 7.44 (m, 1 H), 7.18 - 7.10 (m, 1 H), 4.01 - 3.50 (m, 7H), 3.32 - 3.21 (m, 1 H), 3.12 - 2.94 (m, 2H).
Example 383: 2-{4,6-Bis[(2H3)methyl](2H)pyhmidin-2-yl}-5-{[3-fluoro-2-(3- methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000269_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 382 substituting Intermediate 63 for Intermediate 12. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H16D7FN6O2, 429.23; m/z found 430.2 [M+1 ]+. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.63 - 7.57 (m, 1 H), 7.31 - 7.27 (m, 1 H), 7.24 - 7.21 (m, 1 H), 3.94 - 3.87 (m, 2H), 3.78 - 3.62 (m, 3H), 3.58 - 3.48 (m, 2H), 3.22 - 3.15 (m, 1 H), 3.12 - 2.96 (m, 2H), 2.43 (s, 3H).
Example 384: 2-{4,6-Bis[(2H3)methyl](2H)pyrimidin-2-yl}-5-{[4-methoxy-2-(2H- 1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole. o
\
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 382 substituting Intermediate 54 for Intermediate 12. MS (ESI): mass calculated for C22H18D7N7O2, 426.25; m/z found 427.3 [M+1]+. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 7.73 (s, 2H), 7.50 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.33 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1 H), 6.95 (dd, J = 8.5 Hz, 2.5 Hz, 1 H), 3.94 - 3.80 (m, 5H), 3.71 - 3.63 (m, 2H), 3.61 - 3.55 (m, 1 H), 3.49 - 3.43 (m, 1 H), 3.38 - 3.29 (m, 1 H), 3.05 - 2.86 (m, 3H).
Example 385: 2-(5-Ethyl-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[3-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)pyridin-2-yl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000270_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 290 substituting Intermediate 68 for Intermediate 20 and Intermediate 67 for
Intermediate 55. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C22H26N8O, 418.22; m/z found, 419.2. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.62 (dd, J = 4.7 Hz, 1 .3 Hz, 1 H), 8.33 (dd, J = 8.3 Hz, 1 .4 Hz, 1 H), 7.79 (s, 2H), 7.48 (dd, J = 8.3 Hz, 4.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.97 - 3.84 (m, 2H), 3.78 - 3.63 (m, 4H), 3.59 - 3.55 (m, 1 H), 3.29 - 3.23 (m, 1 H), 3.13 - 2.98 (m, 2H), 2.52 (q, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 2.38 (s, 6H), 1 .08 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 3H).
Example 386: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[3-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5- l)pyridin-2-yl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole.
Figure imgf000270_0002
Step A: 2-(Methoxycarbonyl)nicotinic acid. 2,3-Pyridinecarboxylic anhydride (2.32 g, 15.55 mmol) was dissolved in MeOH (1 1 mL) and heated to reflux for 14 h. The mixture was concentrated in vacuo to a white solid that was a mixture of 2-(methoxycarbonyl)nicotinic acid and 3- (methoxycarbonyl)picolinic acid. This mixture was used as is. MS (ESI) mass calculated for C8H7NO4, 181 .04; m/z found, 181 .9.
Step B: (E)-Methyl 3-((((1 - aminoethylidene)amino)oxy)carbonyl)picolinate. To the product of Step A (250 mg, 1 .38 mmol) in THF (7 mL) at 0 °C was added ethyl chloroformate (0.17 mL, 1 .38 mmol) followed by TEA (0.29 mL, 2.07 mmol). After 10 min the ice bath was removed and after 2 h N-hydroxyacetamidine (102 mg, 1 .38 mmol) was added in one portion. After 14 h at room temperature the mixture was concentrated in vacuo and chromatography (Hex to 100% EtOAc/Hex) afforded the desired (E)-methyl 3-((((1 -aminoethylidene)amino)oxy)carbonyl)picolinate (200 mg, 70%) and (E)-methyl 2-((((1 - aminoethylidene)amino)oxy)carbonyl)nicotinate (60 mg, 18%). MS (ESI) mass calculated for Ci0Hn N3O4, 237.08; m/z found, 238.1 . 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCIs): 8.79 (dd, J = 4.8 Hz, 1 .6 Hz, 1 H), 8.28 (dd, J = 7.9 Hz, 1 .6 Hz, 1 H), 7.58 - 7.51 (m, 1 H), 3.99 (s, 3H), 2.04 (s, 3H).
Step C: 3-(3-Methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)picolinic acid. To the product of Step B (180 mg, 0.76 mmol) was added t-BuOH (4 mL) followed by NaOAc (94 mg, 1 .14 mmol) and the mixture was heated at 100 °C for 14 h. The mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature and filtered to afford 3-(3- methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)picolinic acid (60 mg, 39%) as a white solid.
Step D: 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[3-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-
5-yl)pyridin-2-yl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole. To a solution of the product of Step C (60 mg, 0.30 mmol) in DCM (3 mL) was added Intermediate 23 (65 mg, 0.30 mmol) followed by EDCI (85mg, 0.44 mmol), HOBt (60 mg, 0.44 mmol) and TEA (0.08 mL, 0.59 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 14 h and then concentrated in vacuo. Chromatography (DCM to 8% 2 M NH3 in MeOH/DCM) afforded the desired compound as a colorless foam (49 mg, 41 %). MS (ESI) mass calculated for C21 H23IW2, 405.19; m/z found, 406.2. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3): 8.82 - 8.75 (m, 1 H), 8.42 - 8.36 (m, 1 H), 7.52 - 7.47 (m, 1 H), 6.31 - 6.26 (m, 1 H), 4.02 - 3.90 (m, 2H), 3.86 - 3.79 (m, 1 H), 3.76 - 3.69 (m, 2H), 3.66 - 3.54 (m, 2H), 3.24 - 3.18 (m, 1 H), 3.14 - 2.99 (m, 2H), 2.48 - 2.42 (m, 3H), 2.33 - 2.24 (m, 6H).
Example 387: (5-(6,7-Difluoroquinoxalin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl)(3-fluoro-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000272_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 44 and Intermediate 50 in the last step MS (ESI): mass calculated for C25H19F3N6O, 476.16; m/z found 477.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3) 8.74 (t, J = 12.5, 2H), 8.25 (d, J = 20.5, 1 H), 7.65 (dd, J = 10.5, 8.4, 1 H), 7.52 - 7.40 (m, 2H), 7.26 - 7.12 (m, 3H), 3.97 - 3.74 (m, 3H), 3.73 - 3.52 (m, 4H), 3.38 (dd, J = 1 1 .1 , 4.6, 1 H), 3.22 - 3.02 (m, 2H).
Example 388: (5-(6,7-Difluoroquinoxalin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(3-fluoro-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000272_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 43 and Intermediate 54 in the last step MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2 H22FN7O2, 459.18; m/z found 460.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3) 8.97 (s, 1 H), 7.71 (s, 2H), 7.59 (dd, J = 9.0, 4.7, 1 H), 7.47 (ddd, J = 17.7, 9.5, 2.6, 2H), 7.37 - 7.28 (m, 2H), 6.95 (dd, J = 8.5, 2.5, 1 H), 4.01 - 3.85 (m, 5H), 3.74 (ddt, J = 17.0, 1 1 .6, 8.8, 3H), 3.64 - 3.33 (m, 2H), 3.12 - 2.93 (m, 3H). Example 389: (5-(6,7-Difluoroquinoxalin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(4-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000273_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 15, utilizing Intermediate 44 and Intermediate 54 in the last step MS (ESI): mass calculated for C2 H2i F2N7O2, 477.17; m/z found 478.1 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3) 8.26 (d, J = 14.7, 1 H), 7.71 (s, 2H), 7.63 (dd, J = 10.6, 8.5, 1 H), 7.49 (t, J = 7.1 , 1 H), 7.41 (dd, J = 1 1 .4, 8.0, 1 H), 7.33 (t, J = 6.7, 1 H), 6.95 (dt, J = 8.4, 4.2, 1 H), 3.99 - 3.85 (m, 5H), 3.83 - 3.69 (m, 2H), 3.70 - 3.57 (m, 1 H), 3.52 (dd, J = 1 1 .0, 3.5, 1 H), 3.44 (s, 1 H), 3.19 - 3.09 (m, 1 H), 3.09 - 2.97 (m, 2H).
Example 390: (5-(6-(Dimethylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000273_0002
The title compound was prepared utilizing (hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl)(4-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone (Example 288, product from Step B) and 6-chloro-N,N-dimethylpyrimidin-4-amine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. C22H26N8O2, 434.49; m/z found 435.2 [M+H]+. Example 391 : (5-(6-(Dimethylamino)-2-methylpyrimidin-4- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(4-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000274_0001
The title compound was prepared utilizing (hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl)(4-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone (Example 288, product from Step B) and 6-chloro-N,N,2-trimethylpyrimidin-4-amine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. C23H28N8O2, 448.52; m/z found 449.2 [M+H]+. Prophetic examples 392-398 may be made using the procedures described previously.
Example 392: (5-(6-(Dimethylamino)-2-methylpyrimidin-4- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(3-fluoro-2-(pyrimidin-2- yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000274_0002
The title prophetic compound may be synthesized utilizing 6-chloro-N,N,2- trimethylpyrimidin-4-amine and MS (ESI) mass calcd. C24H26FN7O, 447.51
Example 393: (5-(6-(Dimethylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- imidin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000274_0003
The title prophetic compound may be synthesized utilizing 3-fluoro-2-(pyrimidin- 2-yl)benzoic acid and 6-chloro-N,N-dimethylpyrimidin-4-amine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. C23H2 FN7O, 433.48
Example 394 : (3-Fluoro-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl)(5-(5-fluoro-4,6- dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000275_0001
The title prophetic compound may be synthesized utilizing 3-fluoro-2-(pyrimidin- 2-yl)benzoic acid and 2-chloro-5-fluoro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. C23H22F2N6O, 436.46
Example 395: (5-(5-Chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- midin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000275_0002
The title prophetic compound may be synthesized utilizing 3-fluoro-2-(pyrimidin- 2-yl)benzoic acid and 2,5-dichloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. C23H22CI FN6O2J 452.91
Example 396 : (5-(5-Chloro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- midin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000275_0003
The title prophetic compound may be synthesized utilizing 3-fluoro-2-(pyrimidin- 2-yl)benzoic acid and 2,5-dichloro-4-methylpyrimidine. MS (ESI) mass calcd.
Figure imgf000276_0001
Example 397: (3-Fluoro-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl)(5-(5-fluoro-4-methylpyrimidin- -yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000276_0002
The title prophetic compound may be synthesized utilizing 3-fluoro-2-(pyrimidin- 2-yl)benzoic acid and 2-chloro-5-fluoro-4-methylpyrimidine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. C22H20F2N6O, 434.49.
Example 398: (5-(4,5-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(3-fluoro-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000276_0003
MS (ESI) mass calcd. C^F sFNeO, 418.47
Example 399: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(5-fluoro-2-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000276_0004
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 248, substituting (5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl)(5-fluoro-2-iodophenyl)methanone for (5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(4-fluoro-2-iodophenyl)methanone and 6-methyl-2-(thbutylstannyl)pyridine for 2-tributylstannane pyrimidine, with the addition of Cul. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C25H26FN5O, 431 .21 ; m/z found 432.2 [M+1]+.
Example 400: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(5-fluoro-2-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000277_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 399, substituting 4-methyl-2-(tributylstannyl)pyridine for 6-methyl-2- (tributylstannyl)pyridine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C25H26FN5O, 431 .21 ; m/z found 432.2 [M+1 ]+.
Example 401 : (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(5-fluoro-2-(5-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000277_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 399, substituting 5-methyl-2-(tributylstannyl)pyridine for 6-methyl-2- (tributylstannyl)pyridine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C25H26FN5O, 431 .21 ; m/z found 432.2 [M+1 ]+. Example 402: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(5-fluoro-2-(3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000278_0001
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 399, substituting 3-fluoro-2-(tributylstannyl)pyridine for 6-methyl-2-
(tributylstannyl)pyridine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C^H sF^NsO, 435.19; m/z found 436.2 [M+1 ]+.
Example 403: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(5-fluoro-2-(pyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000278_0002
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 399, substituting 2-tri-N-butylstannylpyridine for 6-methyl-2-(tributylstannyl)pyridine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C2 H24FN5O, 417.20; m/z found 418.2 [M+1 ]+.
Example 404: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(5-fluoro-2-(oxazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000278_0003
The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 399, substituting 2-(tri-N-butylstannyl)oxazole for 6-methyl-2-(tributylstannyl)pyridine. MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H22FN5O2, 407.18; 1 H 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 8.04 (dd, J = 8.8, 5.3 Hz, 1 H), 7.65 (s, 1 H), 7.20 - 7.13 (m, 2H), 7.07 (dd, J = 8.3, 2.6 Hz, 1 H), 6.29 (s, 1 H), 3.95 (dd, J = 12.6, 7.6 Hz, 1 H), 3.88 (dd, J = 1 1 .6, 7.6 Hz, 1 H), 3.78 - 3.63 (m, 3H), 3.51 - 3.45 (m, 1 H), 3.41 (dd, J = 10.8, 7.5 Hz, 1 H), 3.1 1 - 3.02 (m, 2H), 3.00 - 2.90 (m, 1 H), 2.29 (s, 6H).
Prophetic examples 405-410 may be made using the procedures described previously. Example 405: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(6-fluoro-2-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000279_0001
MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C25H26FN5O, 431 .21 ;
Example 406: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(6-fluoro-2-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000279_0002
MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C25H26FN5O, 431 .21 ;
Example 407: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(6-fluoro-2-(5-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000279_0003
MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C25H26FN5O, 431 .21 ;
Example 408: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(6-fluoro-2-(3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000280_0001
MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C24H23F2N5O, 435.19;
Example 409: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(6-fluoro-2-(pyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000280_0002
MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C24H24FN5O, 417.20;
Example 410: (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl)(6-fluoro-2-(oxazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone.
Figure imgf000280_0003
MS (ESI) mass calcd. for C22H22FN5O2, 407.18;
Example 41 1 :(3,6'-Dimethyl-[2,3'-bipyridin]-2'-yl)(5-(quinoxalin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone.
Figure imgf000281_0001
MS (ESI) mass calcd. For C27H26N6O, 450.22.
Example 412: [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- -yl]-(2-fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-methanone'HCI'1 .65H2O.
Figure imgf000281_0002
To a mixture of [5-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2-yl]-(2-fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-methanone (200 mg, 0.47 mmol) and IPA (1 .5 ml_) at room temperature was added 6 M HCI(aq) (83 μΙ_, 0.5 mmol). The mixture was warmed to 75 °C and then slowly cooled to 35 °C. The mixture was then seeded with solids formed previously [The seeds were formed as follows: To a mixture of [5-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(2-fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-methanone (200 mg, 0.47 mmol) and IPA (2 ml_) at room temperature was added 5 M HCI in
IPA (100 μΙ_, 0.5 mmol). The mixture became homogeneous and was stirred at room temperature for 3 weeks. Solids formed when the solvent was allowed to evaporate under an ambient atmosphere.]. Once seeded, the mixture was cooled to room temperature and stirred for 3 days. The resulting solids were filtered and washed with IPA (0.5 ml_). The solids were then dried in a vacuum oven for 2 h at 45 °C to give the title compound as a white solid (201 .9 mg, 91 %). 1H N MR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6): 8.16 (s, 0.8H), 8.05 (s, 1 .2H), 7.83 (d, J = 8.2, 0.4H), 7.79 (d, J = 8.2, 0.6H), 7.70 - 7.64 (m, 1 H), 7.48 - 7.41 (m, 1 H), 6.71 (bs, 1 H), 4.0-3.4 (m, 7H), 3.25 - 2.96 (m, 3H), 2.48 - 2.33 (m, 6H). Anal. Calcd. For C2i H22FN7O-HCI-1 .65H2O C, 53.25; H, 5.60; N, 20.70; CI, 7.49; found C, 53.54; H, 5.64; N, 21 .04; CI, 7.10. Water calculated, 6.28%; found by Karl-Fisher titration, 6.32%. Biological Assays
The in vitro affinity of the compounds for the human orexin-1 and orexin-2 receptors was determined by competitive radioligand binding using [3H]SB SB674042 (1 -(5-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-2-methyl-thiazol-4-yl)-1 -((S)-2-(5-phenyl- (1 ,3,4)oxadiazol-2-ylmethyl)-pyrrolidin-1 -yl)-methanone) (Langmead et al., British Journal of Pharmacology 2004, 141 :340-346.) and [3H]EMPA (N-ethyl- 2[(6-methoxy-pyridin-3-yl)-(toluene-2-sulfonyl)-amino]-N-pyridin-3-ylmethyl acetamide) (Malherbe et al., British Journal of Pharmacology, 2009, 156(8), 1326-1341 ), respectively.
The in vitro functional antagonism of the compounds on the human orexin-1 and orexin-2 receptors was determined using fluorometric imaging plate reader (FLIPR) based calcium assays.
Human orexin 1 receptor radioligand binding studies
Chinese ovary cells (CHO) stably expressing human orexin 1 receptor
(Genebank accession number NM_001526) were grown to confluency in DMEM/F12 (Gibco, Cat #1 1039), 10%FBS, 1X Pen/Strep, 600 μg/mL G418 media on 150 cm2 tissue culture plates, washed with 5 mM EDTA in PBS (HyClone Dulbecco's Phoshpate Buffered Saline 1 X with Calcium and
Magnesium, Cat # SH30264.01 , hereafter referred to simply as PBS) and scraped into 50 ml tubes. After centrifugation (2K xG, 10 min at 4°C), the supernatant was aspirated and the pellets frozen and stored at -80°C. Cells were resuspended in PBS in the presence of 1 tablet of protease inhibitor cocktail (Roche, Cat. #1 1836145001 ) per 50 mL. Each cell pellet from a 15 cm plate was resuspended in 10 mL, stored on ice, and vortexed for 45 sec prior to addition to the reactions. Competition binding experiments in 96 well polypropylene plates were performed using [3H]-SB674042 (Moravek
Corporation, specific activity = 35.3 Ci/mmol), diluted to a 10 nM concentration in PBS (4 nM final). Compounds were solubilized in 100% DMSO (Acros
Organics, Cat. #61042-1000) and tested over a range of 7 concentrations (from 0.1 nM to 10 μΜ). The final concentration of DMSO in the reactions is equal to or less than 0.1 %. Total and nonspecific binding was determined in the absence and presence of 10 μΜ (1 -(6,8-difluoro-2-methylquinolin-4-yl)-3-[4- (dimethylamino)phenyl]urea, CAS Registry # 288150-92-5). The total volume of each reaction is 200 μΙ_ (20 μΙ_ of diluted compounds, 80 μΙ_ of [3H]- SB674042 diluted in PBS and 100 μΙ_ of the cell suspension). Reactions were run for 60 min at room temperature and terminated by filtration through GF/C filter plates (PerkinElmer, Cat. #6005174) presoaked in 0.3% polyethylenimine using the cell harvester (PerkinElmer Filtermate). The plates were washed 3 times by aspirating 30 ml PBS through the plates. Plates were dried in 55°C oven for 60 min, scintillation fluid was added, and the radioactivity was counted on a Topcount (Packard).
IC50 values (i.e. concentration of unlabelled compound required to compete for 50% of specific binding to the radioligand) were calculated using the GraphPad Prism software (GraphPad Prism Software Inc., San Diego, CA) with a fit to a sigmoidal dose-response curve. Apparent K, values were calculated as K, = IC5o/(1 +C/Kci), where C is concentration of radioligand and Kd = 4 nM.
Human orexin 2 receptor radioligand binding studies
HEK293 stably expressing human orexin-2 receptor (Genebank accession number NM_001526) were grown to confluency in DMEM/F12 (Gibco, Cat #1 1039), in DMEM, 10%FBS, 1 X Pen/Strep, 1 X NaPyruvate, 1X HEPES, 600 ug/ml G418 media on 150 cm2 tissue culture plates, washed with 5 mM EDTA in PBS (HyClone Dulbecco's Phoshpate Buffered Saline 1X with Calcium and Magnesium, Cat # SH30264.01 , hereafter referred to simply as PBS) and scraped into 50 ml tubes. After centrifugation (2K xG, 10 min at 4°C), the supernatant was aspirated and the pellets frozen and stored at -80°C. Cells were resuspended in PBS in the presence of 1 tablet of protease inhibitor cocktail (Roche, Cat. #1 1836145001 ) per 50 ml_. Each cell pellet from a 15 cm plate was resuspended in 10 ml_, stored on ice, and vortexed for 45 sec just prior to addition to the reactions. Competition binding experiments in 96 well polypropylene plates were performed using [3H]-EMPA (Moravek Corporation, specific activity = 27 Ci/mmol), diluted to a 20 nM concentration in PBS (5 nM final concentration). Compounds were solubilized in 100% DMSO (Acros Organics, Cat. #61042-1000) and tested over a range of 7 concentrations (from 0.1 nM to 10 μΜ). The final concentration of DMSO in the reactions is equal to or less than 0.1 %. Total and nonspecific binding was determined in the absence and presence of 10 μΜ (N-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]-N- methylnaphthalene-1 -carboxamide, CAS Registry # 1089563-88-1 ). The total volume of each reaction is 200 μΙ_ (20 μΙ_ of diluted compounds, 80 μΙ_ of [3H]- EMPA diluted in PBS and 100 μΙ_ of the cell suspension). Reactions were run for 60 min at room temperature and terminated by filtration through GF/C filter plates (PerkinElmer, Cat. #6005174) presoaked in 0.3% polyethyleninnine using the cell harvester (PerkinElmer Filtermate). The plates were washed 3 times by aspirating 30 ml PBS through the plates. Plates were dried in 55°C oven for 60 min, scintillation fluid was added, and the radioactivity was counted on a Topcount (Packard). IC5o values (i.e. concentration of unlabelled compound required to compete for 50% of specific binding to the radioligand) were calculated using the GraphPad Prism software (GraphPad Prism Software Inc., San Diego, CA) with a fit to a sigmoidal dose-response curve. Apparent K, values were calculated as K, = IC5o/(1 +C/Kd), where C is concentration of radioligand and Kd = 2 nM.
Human orexin 1 receptor Ca2+ mobilization assay
CHO cells stably transfected with the human orexin-1 receptor
(Genebank accession number NM_001526) were grown to confluency in
DMEM/F12, 10% FBS, 1 X Na Pyruvate, 1 X pen-strep, 400 μς/ιτιΙ G418. Cells were seeded on to 96-well Packard viewplates at a density of 50,000 cells/well and incubated overnight at 37°C, 5% CO2. The cells were dye-loaded with 4 μΜ Ca2+ dye Fluo-3AM in serum-free DMEM/F-12 with 2.5 mM probenecid and incubated at 37°C, 5% CO2 for one hour. Cells were pre-incubated with compounds (diluted in DMEM/F-12) for 30 minutes before agonist (orexin A, 10 nM) stimulation. Ligand-induced Ca2+ release was measured using a
Fluorometric Imaging Plate Reader (FLIPR, Molecular Devices, Sunnyvale, CA). Functional responses were measured as peak fluorescence intensity minus basal. The concentration of agonist that produced a half-maximal response is represented by the EC50 value. Antagonistic potency values were converted to apparent pKB values using a modified Cheng-Prusoff correction. Apparent pKB = - log IC5o/1 +[conc agonist/EC5o]- Data are expressed as mean ± S.E.M.
Human orexin 2 receptor Ca2+ mobilization assay
PFSK cells endogenously expressing the human orexin 2 receptor were grown to confluency in RPMI1640, 10% FBS, 1X pen-strep. Cells were seeded on to 96-well Packard viewplates at a density of 50,000 cells/well and incubated overnight at 37°C, 5% CO2. The cells were dye-loaded with 4 μΜ Ca2+ dye Fluo-3AM in serum-free DMEM/F-12 with 2.5 mM probenecid and incubated at 37°C, 5% CO2 for one hour. Cells were pre-incubated with compounds (diluted in DMEM/F-12) for 30 minutes before agonist (orexin B, 100 nM) stimulation. Ligand-induced Ca2+ release was measured using a Fluorometric Imaging Plate Reader (FLIPR, Molecular Devices, Sunnyvale, CA). Functional responses were measured as peak fluorescence intensity minus basal. The concentration of agonist that produced a half-maximal response is represented by the EC50 value. Antagonistic potency values were converted to apparent pKB values using a modified Cheng-Prusoff correction. Apparent pKB = - log IC5o/1 +[conc agonist/EC5o]- Data are expressed as mean ± S.E.M, the designation of NT means not tested.
Figure imgf000285_0001
Figure imgf000285_0002
OR 2 Ki OR 2 OR 1 Ki OR 2 Ki OR 2 OR 1 Ki
Ex # Ex #
(nM) Kb (nM) (nM) Kb (nM)
15 13 2 1824 207 8999 NT 10000
16 300 NT 10000 208 2100 NT 10000
17 730 NT NT 209 8999 NT 10000
18 519 NT 1264 210 3000 NT 10000
19 24 31 77 21 1 44 25 10000
20 92 129 263 212 33 32 5000
21 352 NT 1091 213 56 50 10000
22 70 158 303 214 1227 NT 1077
23 364 NT 677 215 5000 NT 10000
24 415 NT 1544 219 404 NT 10000
25 1 10 99 162 220 500 NT 10000
26 8999 NT NT 221 221 1 NT 10000
27 740 NT NT 222 3621 NT 10000
28 575 NT 1787 223 340 NT 10000
29 135 NT 1009 224 635 NT 10000
30 790 NT NT 225 423 NT 10000
31 425 NT 651 226 836 NT 10000
32 47 32 8999 227 1472 NT 10000
33 250 NT 488 228 184 NT 10000
34 79 NT 143 229 319 NT 10000
35 722 NT 4370 230 254 NT 10000
36 449 NT 1459 231 68 7 1613
37 181 NT 137 232 52 7 2078
38 515 NT 887 233 2100 NT 10000
39 8999 NT 10000 234 10000 NT 10000
40 559 NT 1433 235 560 NT 10000
41 356 NT 2512 236 10000 NT 10000
42 616 NT 5000 237 69 18 8247
43 7 10 422 238 243 NT 10000
44 142 63 10000 239 7 4 173
45 36 10 723 240 7 3 460
46 132 NT 294 241 17 7 978
47 38 32 1 124 242 39 13 633
48 716 NT 10000 243 16 6 358
49 78 32 1692 244 18 5 660
50 215 NT 10000 245 58 15 369
51 644 NT 10000 246 1 1 1 1 208
52 65 50 8999 247 650 NT 4399
53 5000 NT 10000 248 170 NT 1400
54 769 NT 5000 249 NT NT NT OR 2 Ki OR 2 OR 1 Ki OR 2 Ki OR 2 OR 1 Ki
Ex # Ex #
(nM) Kb (nM) (nM) Kb (nM)
55 744 NT 8999 250 NT NT NT
56 80 40 800 251 25 2 1470
57 167 NT 2323 252 10000 NT 10000
58 227 NT 5000 253 5000 NT 10000
59 778 NT 8999 254 2200 NT 10000
60 173 NT 2644 255 10000 NT 10000
61 224 NT 2272 256 10000 NT 10000
62 42 40 689 257 19 5 1843
63 44 20 2171 258 46 25 927
64 579 NT 10000 259 8 3 335
65 228 NT 207 260 90 16 8999
66 449 NT 415 261 477 NT 10000
67 1 19 NT 10000 262 500 NT 10000
68 13 16 225 263 10000 NT 10000
69 17 8 3082 264 10000 NT 10000
70 52 40 2630 265 8999 NT 10000
71 1000 NT 10000 266 127 NT 8999
72 318 NT 8999 267 10000 NT 10000
73 7 5 69 268 265 NT 10000
74 14 10 4275 269 10000 NT 10000
75 1 19 32 9226 270 1033 NT 10000
76 237 NT 10000 271 5000 NT 10000
77 25 16 547 272 33 7 598
78 550 NT 10000 273 5000 NT 10000
79 480 NT 8999 274 61 16 8999
80 314 NT 8999 275 487 NT 10000
81 1223 NT 6708 276 2947 NT 10000
82 379 NT 10000 277 680 NT 10000
83 12 4 1766 278 2274 NT 10000
84 53 25 1322 279 23 10 1603
85 98 63 1 162 280 41 63 71
86 256 NT 2603 281 8999 NT 10000
87 509 NT 10000 282 858 NT 1436
88 75 25 8999 283 10 2 978
89 452 NT 10000 284 8 2 587
90 38 25 1734 285 1500 NT 10000
91 541 NT 10000 286 10000 NT 10000
92 766 NT 8999 287 1400 NT 10000
93 64 40 5000 288 1 1 3 1606
94 551 NT 847 289 1800 NT 10000 OR 2 Ki OR 2 OR 1 Ki OR 2 Ki OR 2 OR 1 Ki
Ex # Ex #
(nM) Kb (nM) (nM) Kb (nM)
95 215 NT 774 290 19 7 2150
96 68 50 2429 291 266 NT 10000
97 25 16 354 292 428 NT 10000
98 28 10 275 293 19 79 2186
99 15 16 180 294 4 3 125
100 238 NT 10000 295 24 10 1 100
101 48 25 4234 296 9 3 235
102 17 6 463 297 6 NT 261
103 38 32 2280 298 9 NT 160
104 42 25 3604 299 15 NT 389
105 20 20 2451 300 290 NT 2800
106 26 20 212 301 36 20 1 14
107 9 2 868 302 17 8 173
108 57 25 80 303 1700 NT 10000
109 46 25 65 304 3100 NT 10000
1 10 52 32 350 305 7 NT 775
1 1 1 28 16 153 306 39 13 2300
1 12 95 20 122 307 10000 NT 10000
1 13 50 63 90 308 26 5 1743
1 14 224 NT 3061 309 7 6 414
1 15 5000 NT 10000 310 64 15 4996
1 16 22 13 61 31 1 7 3 312
1 17 24 8 42 312 79 1 1 3472
1 18 19 5 1843 313 7 3 128
1 19 51 13 3568 314 13 4 958
120 71 13 2867 315 38 10 2837
121 15 13 42 316 10 8 306
122 865 NT 10000 317 3 3 34
123 44 79 10000 318 5 3 89
124 422 NT 10000 319 18 7 537
125 901 NT 8999 320 4 2 54
126 95 100 75 321 29 10 816
127 55 20 40 322 10 5 378
128 18 4 1250 323 25 4 2474
129 1 1 1 100 1538 324 16 4 388
130 32 16 3438 325 16 2 1662
131 75 79 131 326 8 4 151
132 125 79 7071 327 103 50 5500
133 291 NT 390 328 1 12 40 6345
134 102 12 2722 329 10000 NT 10000 OR 2 Ki OR 2 OR 1 Ki OR 2 Ki OR 2 OR 1 Ki
Ex # Ex #
(nM) Kb (nM) (nM) Kb (nM)
135 90 40 10000 330 10000 NT 10000
136 104 50 8999 331 81 32 3791
137 50 25 891 332 1 14 63 10000
138 30 40 231 333 10000 NT 10000
139 63 63 83 334 277 NT 10000
140 1 19 NT 1538 335 59 NT 3200
141 1034 NT 415 336 288 NT 10000
142 315 NT 2318 337 513 NT 10000
143 81 79 150 338 1604 NT 10000
144 87 63 537 339 8999 NT 10000
145 45 32 70 340 1521 NT 10000
146 27 16 137 341 10000 NT 10000
147 85 63 2946 342 9486 NT 10000
148 129 NT 947 343 36 NT 2900
149 173 NT 142 344 1500 NT 10000
150 92 40 5000 346 25 NT 1800
151 184 NT 504 347 3100 NT 10000
152 125 NT 10000 349 10000 NT 10000
153 75 40 2645 351 1200 NT 10000
154 241 NT 9654 352 10000 NT 31 1 1
155 33 16 8999 353 10000 NT 10000
156 39 16 5000 355 10000 NT 10000
157 69 16 5000 356 10000 NT 10000
158 55 8 5000 358 230 NT 10000
159 45 8 2447 359 180 NT 10000
160 58 20 659 361 4399 NT 10000
161 46 7 5317 362 1800 NT 2700
162 43 5 5000 366 23 NT 1900
163 380 501 NT 367 15 3 839
164 289 200 722 369 19 NT 1200
165 852 NT 4637 370 84 7 7874
166 465 NT 752 371 3400 NT 10000
167 41 1 631 2803 372 109 NT 8000
168 66 126 851 373 42 5 10000
169 595 NT 1784 374 73 12 1049
170 945 NT NT 375 21 4 3186
171 780 NT NT 376 17 NT 1591
172 450 NT NT 377 17 2 2186
173 950 NT NT 378 10 2 508
174 729 NT NT 379 9 5 202 OR 2 Ki OR 2 OR 1 Ki OR 2 Ki OR 2 OR 1 Ki
Ex # Ex #
(nM) Kb (nM) (nM) Kb (nM)
175 669 NT 1391 380 15 5 2039
176 236 158 923 381 10000 NT 10000
177 339 NT NT 382 14 3 854
178 123 126 762 383 13 4 920
179 8999 NT NT 384 10 5 1385
180 2300 NT NT 385 42 8 3688
181 3564 NT 8999 386 940 NT 10000
182 2198 NT 10000 387 16 9 437
183 5000 NT NT 388 30 NT 694
184 1037 NT 879 389 22 14 492
185 8999 NT NT 390 190 NT 10000
186 10000 NT NT 391 28 NT 1200
187 2283 NT NT 399 570 NT 10000
188 2608 NT NT 400 510 NT 10000
189 1600 NT NT 401 830 NT 10000
190 1300 NT 5000 402 120 NT 10000
191 2658 NT NT 403 180 NT 10000
192 1015 NT NT 404 19 NT 1200
Powder X-Ray Diffraction
[5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(2-fluoro-6- [1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-nnethanone.
Powder X-Ray Diffraction of the reference compound was performed on a Philips X'PERT PRO with X'Celerator Cu detector equipped with a real time multiple strips X-ray detection technology to obtain the X-ray powder patterns in Figure 1 . The samples were scanned from 40 to 40 02Θ, at a step size 0.0167 02Θ and a time per step of 29.8450 seconds. The tube voltage and current were 45 kV and 40 mA, respectively. The samples were placed onto zero background holders and analyzed on a spinning stage.

Claims

What is claimed is:
1 . A chemical entity that is a compound of Formula (I):
Figure imgf000291_0001
Formula (I)
wherein:
R1 is a member selected from the group consisting of:
A) phenyl substituted or unsubstituted with one or two Ra members and substituted in the ortho position with Rb;
Ra is independently selected from the group consisting of: -H, halo, - Ci-4alkyl, -Ci-4alkoxy, and -NO2, wherein two adjacent Ra members may come together to form a six membered aromatic ring; Rb is a member selected from the group consisting of:
a) halo, -Ci-4alkoxy, -Ci-4alkyl,-CF3, -OCF3, or -CN; b) 5-membered heteroaryl ring containing one oxygen or one sulfur members;
c) 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring containing one, two or three nitrogen members, optionally containing one oxygen member, substituted or unsubstituted with halo or -Ci-4alkyl; and d) phenyl substituted or unsubstituted with halo, -CH3, or -CF3;
B) pyridine substituted or unsubstituted with one or two Rc members and substituted with Rd, wherein Rd is positioned adjacent to the point of attachment by R1 ;
Rc is Ci-4alkyl;
Rd is a member selected from the group consisting of:
a) 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring selected from the group
consisting of: 1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl, 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl, 1 H- pyrazol-5-yl, 3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl, pyridinyl, 3-methyl- pyridin-2-yl; 1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl), phenyl, and pyrimidin-2-yl; and
b) -CF3, -Br, and -Ci-4alkoxy; C) 5-membered heteroaryl ring selected from the group consisting of: 2- methyl-1 ,3-thiazol-yl, 1 H-pyrazol-5-yl, oxazole, isoxazolyl, thiophen-
2- yl, and furan-2-yl, each substituted with phenyl substituted or unsubstituted with -F; and
D) 5-13 membered aryl or heteroaryl ring selected from the group
consisting of: 3-methylfuran-2-yl, 9H-fluorene, quinoline, cinnoline;
3- (1 H-pyrrol-1 -yl)thiophen-2-yl, 8-[1 ,2,3]-triazol-2-yl-naphthalen-1 -yl, 2,3-dihydro-1 ,4-benzodioxin-5-yl, 1 H-indol-7-yl, 4-fluoronaphthalen-1 - yl, and naphthalen-1 -yl;
R2 is a member selected from the group consisting of:
A) 6-membered heteroaryl ring containing two nitrogen members
substituted with one or more members independently selected from the group consisting of: halo, -Ci-4alkyl, -CD3, -D, -Ci-4alkoxy, cyclopropyl, morpholin-2-yl, -CO2Ci-4alkyl, -CO2H, -CH2OH, -C(O)N(Ci-4alkyl)2, -CF3,
-CN, -OH, -NO2, -N(Ci-4alkyl)2, phenyl, furan-2-yl, thiophen-2-yl, 1 H- pyrazol-4-yl, and pyrrolidin-1 -yl;
B) pyridine substituted with one or two members independently selected from the group consisting of: halo, -Ci-4alkyl, -Ci-4alkoxy, and -CF3; C) 9-membered heteroaryl ring selected from the group consisting of
benzooxazol-2-yl, 6-fluoro-1 ,3-benzothiazole, 1 ,3-benzothiazole, 6- methoxy-1 ,3-benzothiazole, 6-methyl-1 ,3-benzothiazole, 6-chloro- benzothiazol-2-yl, and 4-methyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidine;
D) 10-membered heteroaryl ring selected from the group consisting of
quinoxalin-2-yl, 3-methylquinoxalin-2-yl, 6,7-difluoroquinoxalin-2-yl, 3-
(trifluoromethyl)quinoxaline, quinoline, 4-methylquinoline, and 6- fluoroquinazolin-2-yl; and
E) 4-methyl-1 ,3,5-triazin-2-yl or 2-methylpyrimidin-4(3H)-one;
and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of Formula (I).
2. A chemical entity selected from compounds of Formula (II):
Figure imgf000293_0001
(II)
wherein
R3 is phenyl substituted or unsubstituted with a member independently
selected from the group consisting of: -Ci- alkoxy, and phenyl; and R4 is a member selected from the group consisting of (5-trifluoromethyl)-pyridin- 2-yl, (5-trifluoromethyl)-pyrimidin-2-yl, 4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, and quinoxalin-2-yl;
and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of Formula (II). 3. A chemical entity defined in claim 1 , wherein R1 is phenyl, where Ra is a member independently selected from the group consisting of -F, -I, -CI, -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -CH3, -CH(CH3)2, -C(CH3)3 and -NO2.
4. A chemical entity defined in claim 1 , wherein R1 is phenyl wherein Rb is a member selected from the group consisting of -Br, -F, -I, -Ci-4alkyl, -OCH3, -
OCH2CH3, -CN, -CF3, and -OCF3.
5. A chemical entity defined in claim 1 , wherein R1 is phenyl, where Ra is selected from the group consisting of -H, -F, -CI, -CH3, -C(CH3)3, -OCH3, and - OCH2CH3, and Rb is selected from the group consisting of -Br, -F, -I, -Ci- alkyl, -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -CN, -CF3, and -OCF3.
6. A chemical entity defined in claim 1 , wherein R1 is phenyl, where Rb is 2- thiophen-2-yl or 2-furan-2-yl.
7. A chemical entity defined in claim 1 , wherein R1 is phenyl, where
Rb is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 4- fluorophenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 4-methylphenyl, and 4-trifluoromethylphenyl.
8. A chemical entity defined in claim 1 , wherein R1 is phenyl, where Rb is a member selected from the group consisting of 1 H-pyrrol-1 -yl, 1 H- pyrazol-1 -yl, 1 H-pyrazol-5-yl, 1 H-imidazol-2-yl, 1 -methyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl, 1 H-
I , 2,3-triazol-l -yl, 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl, 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl, 1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-5- yl, 2H-1 ,2,4-triazol-1 -yl, 2H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3-yl, 4H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3-yl, 4H-1 ,2,4- triazol-4-yl, 1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3-yl, 1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-5-yl and 1 - (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl .
9. A chemical entity defined in claim 1 , wherein R1 is phenyl, where
Rb is a member selected from the group consisting of pyridin-2-yl, 3- chloropyridin-2-yl, 3-fluoropyridin-2-yl, 3-methylpyridin-2-yl, 4-methylpyridin-2- yl, 5-methylpyridin-2-yl, 6-methylpyridin-2-yl, 2-pyridin-3-yl, and 2-pyrimidin-2- yi-
10. A chemical entity defined in claim 1 , wherein R1 is phenyl, where
Rb is a member selected from the group consisting of 3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol- 5-yl and oxazol-2-yl.
I I . A chemical entity defined in claim 1 , wherein R1 is phenyl, where
Ra is halo, -Ci-4alkyl, or -Ci-4alkoxy, and Rb is triazole or pyrimidine substituted or unsubstituted with halo or -Ci- alkyl.
12. A chemical entity defined in claim 1 , wherein R1 is (1 -methylethyl)-2-(2H- 1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)phenyl, 2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl, 2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 2-methyl-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol- 2-yl)phenyl, 3-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 3-fluoro-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol- 1 -yl)phenyl, 3-methoxy-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)phenyl, 3-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3- triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 3-methyl-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 3-methyl-2-(1 H- 1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)phenyl, 4-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 4-methoxy-2- (2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 4-methoxy-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 4,5- dimethoxy-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-1 -yl-phenyl, 4,5-dimethoxy-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl- phenyl, 5-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzo[1 ,3]dioxol-4-yl, 5-chloro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl, 5-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 5-iodo-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl, 5-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 5-methyl-2-(2H-1 ,2,3- triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 1 -[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-naphthalen-2-yl, 2-(1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-1 - yl)phenyl, 2-(1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-5-yl)phenyl, 2-(1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-5- yl)phenyl, 2-(1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3-yl)phenyl, 2-(4H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3- yl)phenyl, 2-(4H-1 ,2,4-triazol-4-yl)phenyl, 2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5- yl)phenyl, 3-fluoro-2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl, 2-fluoro-6-(3- methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl, 4,5-difluoro-2-(4H-1 ,2,4-triazol-4-yl)phenyl), 2-fluoro-6-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl, 2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl, 3-fluoro-2- pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl, 4-fluoro-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl, 4-methoxy-2-(pyrimidin-
2- yl)phenyl, 5-fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl, and 5-methyl-2-pyrimidin-2- ylphenyl.
13. A chemical entity defined in claim 1 , wherein R1 is pyridine, where
Rd is a member selected from the group consisting of -CF3, -Br, and -
Figure imgf000295_0001
14. A chemical entity defined in claim 1 , wherein R1 is pyridine, where
Rd is a member selected from the group consisting of 1 H-pyrazol-5-yl, 2H- 1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl, 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl, 4H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl, 1 -(tetrahydro-2H- pyran-2-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl, 3-methylpyridin-2-yl, and 3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol- 5-yl.
15. A chemical entity defined in claim 1 , wherein R1 is pyridine, where
Rd is a member selected from the group consisting of 1 H-pyrazol-5-yl, 2H- 1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl, and 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl.
16. A chemical entity defined in claim 1 , wherein R1 is 1 -phenyl-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl,
3- phenylthiophen-2-yl, 3-phenylfuran-2-yl, 5-phenyl-1 ,3-oxazol-4-yl, 5- phenylisoxazol-4-yl, 5-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl-1 ,3-thiazol-4-yl, 2-methyl-5- phenyl-thiazol-4-yl, or 5-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl-1 ,3-thiazol-4-yl.
17. A chemical entity defined in claim 1 , wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of 3-methylfuran-2-yl, 9H-fluorene, quinoline, cinnoline; 3-(1 H-pyrrol- 1 -yl)thiophen-2-yl, 8-[1 ,2,3]-triazol-2-yl-naphthalen-1 -yl, 2,3-dihydro-1 ,4- benzodioxin-5-yl, 1 H-indol-7-yl, 4-fluoronaphthalen-1 -yl, and naphthalen-1 -yl and R2 is selected from the group consisting of 4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4- phenyl-pyrimidin-2-yl, quinoxaline, and 4-methoxypyrimidin-2-yl. 18. A chemical entity defined in claim 1 , wherein R2 is pyrimidine substituted with one or more members independently selected from the group consisting of -F, -CI, -D, -CD3, -CH3, ethyl, isopropyl, propyl, tert-butyl, -CF3, -OCH3, - N(CH3)2, -CN, -OH, -CH2OH, -NO2, -CO2CH3, -CO2H, -C(O)N(CH3)2, phenyl, furan-2-yl, thiophen-2-yl, 1 H-pyrazol-4-yl, cyclopropyl, pyrrolidin-1 -yl, and morpholin-4-yl.
19. A chemical entity defined in claim 1 , wherein R2 is 4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl, 4,5-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl,4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl,4-phenyl-pyrimidin-2- yl, 4-furan-2-ylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4-methoxypyrimidin-2-yl, 4-thiophen-2-ylpyrimidin-2-yl, N,N,6-trimethyl-pyrimidin-4-amine, 4- (trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl, 4,5,6-trimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4- (trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate, 4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine-5- carboxylic acid, 5-nitro-pyrimidin-2-yl, 6-methylpyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid, N,N-dimethyl-4-(triflouoromethyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxamide, N,N,6- trimethylpyrimidine-carboxamide, 6-methylpyrimidine-4-carbonitrile, 4,6- bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl, 6-methyl-pyrimidin-4-ol, 4-(furan-2-yl)-6- methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl, 4- methoxy-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4-ethyl-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4-isopropyl-6- methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4-tertbutyl-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4-cyclopropyl-6- methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4-methyl-6-morpholin-4-ylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-chloro-4- methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoro-4,6- dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-trifluoromethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4,6- bis[(2H3)methyl](2H)pyrimidin-2-yl, and 5-ethyl-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl. 20. A chemical entity defined in claim 1 , wherein R2 is pyrimidine substituted with one or more members independently selected from the group consisting of -CI, -F, -CH3, -CF3, -N(CH3)2, -D, and -CD3.
21 . A chemical entity defined in claim 1 , wherein R2 is 4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl, 4,5-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl,4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl, 4-methylpyrimidin-2- yl, 4-methoxypyrimidin-2-yl, N,N,6-trimethyl-pyrimidin-4-amine, 4- (trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl, 4,5,6-trimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4,6- bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl, 6-methyl-pyrimidin-4-ol, 5-fluoro-4- methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl, 4-methoxy-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-chloro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoro- 4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-trifluoromethylpyrimidin-2-yl, and 4,6- bis[(2H3)methyl](2H)pyrimidin-2-yl.
22. A chemical entity defined in claim 1 , wherein R2 is pyrazine or triazine substituted with one or more -CH3.
23. A chemical entity defined in claim 1 , wherein R2 is pyridine substituted with one or more members independently selected from the group consisting of -F, -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -CH3, and -CF3.
24. A chemical entity defined in claim 1 , wherein R2 is a member selected from the group consisting of benzooxazol-2-yl, 2-methylpyrimidin-4(3H)-one and 4- methyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidine and R1 is phenyl, substituted in the ortho position with Rb, where Rb is 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl, 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 - yl, 3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl or 2-pyrimidin-2-yl.
25. A chemical entity defined in claim 1 , wherein R2 is a member selected from the group consisting of quinoxalin-2-yl, 3-methylquinoxalin-2-yl, 6,7- difluoroquinoxalin-2-yl, 3-(trifluoromethyl)quinoxaline, 4-methylquinoline, and 6- fluoroquinazolin-2-yl and R1 is phenyl substituted in the ortho position with Rb, where Rb is 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl, 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl, 3-methyl-1 ,2,4- oxadiazol-5-yl or 2-pyrimidin-2-yl.
26. A chemical entity defined in claim 2, wherein R3 is biphenyl or 2- methoxyphenyl and R4 is (5-trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl, (5-trifluoromethyl)- pyrimidin-2-yl, 4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, or quinoxalin-2-yl. 27. A chemical entity defined in claim 1 , wherein R1 is a member selected from the group consisting of 2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazoM -yl)phenyl, 2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl, 2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 2-methyl-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-
2- yl)phenyl, 3-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 3-fluoro-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol- 1 -yl)phenyl, 3-methoxy-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)phenyl, 3-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3- triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 3-methyl-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 3-methyl-2-(1 H-
1 .2.3- triazol-1 -yl)phenyl, 4-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 4-methoxy-2- (2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 4-methoxy-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 4,5- dimethoxy-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-1 -yl-phenyl, 4,5-dimethoxy-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl- phenyl, 5-chloro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 5-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl, 5-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 5-methyl-2-(2H-1 ,2,3- triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 2-(1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-1 -yl)phenyl, 2-(1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-5- yl)phenyl, 2-(1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-5-yl)phenyl, 2-(1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-
3- yl)phenyl, 2-(4H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3-yl)phenyl, 2-(4H-1 ,2,4-triazol-4-yl)phenyl, 2- (3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl, 3-fluoro-2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5- yl)phenyl, 2-fluoro-6-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl, 4,5-difluoro-2-(4H-
1 .2.4- triazol-4-yl)phenyl), 2-fluoro-6-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl, 2-(pyrimidin-2- yl)pyridin-3-yl, 3-fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl, 4-fluoro-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl,
4- methoxy-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl, 5-fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl, and 5- methyl-2-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl and R2 is a member selected from the group consisting of 4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4,5-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl,4,6- dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl, 4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4-methoxypyrimidin-2-yl, N,N,6-trimethyl-pyrimidin-4-amine, 4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl, 4,5,6- trimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 4,6-bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl, 6-methyl- pyrimidin-4-ol, 5-fluoro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl, 4- methoxy-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-chloro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-chloro-4,6- dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5- trifluoromethylpyrimidin-2-yl, and 4,6-bis[(2H3)methyl](2H)pyrimidin-2-yl.
28. A chemical entity defined in claim 1 , wherein R1 is a member selected from the group consisting of 3-fluoro-2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl, 6- fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl, 4-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl, and 3-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-pyridin-2-yl and R2 is a member selected from the group consisting of 4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoro-4,6- dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl, and 5-fluoro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl.
29. A chemical entity selected from the group consisting of:
4-[5-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-6-methoxy-N,N-dimethylpyrimidin-2-amine;
N,N-Dimethyl-6-[5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-amine;
6-[5-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-N,N-dimethyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-amine;
4-[5-{[5-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-6-methoxy-N,N-dimethylpyrimidin-2-amine;
4-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyl-6-[5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo-[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]pyrimidin-2-amine; 6-[5-{[4-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-N,N-dimethyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-amine;
4-[5-{[4-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-6-methoxy-N,N-dimethylpyrimidin-2-amine;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[3-(1 H-pyrrol-1 -yl)thiophen-2- yl]carbonyl}octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
6-[5-{[5-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-N,N-dimethyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-amine;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(1 -phenyl-1 H-pyrazol-5- yl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
8-{[5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl]carbonyl}-quinoline;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(3-phenylthiophen-2- yl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole; 2-(4,6-Dinnethylpynnnidin-2-yl)-5-[(3-phenylfuran-2- yl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 H-1 ,2,4-tnazol-5-yl)phenyl]carbonyl} octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[3-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl} octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-{5-[(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl}-6- fluoro-1 ,3-benzothiazole;
2-{5-[(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl}- 1 ,3-benzothiazole;
2-[5-{[2-(1 H-Pyrazol-1 -yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl]quinoxaline;
2-{5-[(2-Thiophen-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl}quinoxaline;
2-{5-[(2-Methylnaphthalen-1 -yl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl}quinoxaline;
2-(2,3-Dihydro-1 ,4-benzodioxin-5-ylcarbonyl)-5-(4-phenylpyrinnidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4-Phenylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4-Phenylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 H-pyrazol-1 -yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4-Phenylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 H-pyrrol-1 -yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[(2-Methylnaphthalen-1 -yl)carbonyl]-5-(4-phenylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(5-Quinoxalin-2-yl-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;-2-carbonyl)-benzonitrile; 2-[5-{[2-(1 H-Pyrrol-1 -yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl]quinoxaline;
2-{5-[(4'-Fluorobiphenyl-2-yl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl}quinoxaline;
2-{5-[(3'-Fluorobiphenyl-2-yl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl}quinoxaline; 2-{5-[(2-Methylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl}quinoxaline;
2-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)-5-(4-furan-2-ylpyrinnidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole;
2-(4-Methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-{5-[(2-Thiophen-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl}quinoline;
2-(4-Furan-2-ylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-{5-[(2-Ethylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl}quinoxaline;
2-[5-(1 H-lndol-7-ylcarbonyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]quinoxaline; 2-[(2-Thiophen-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4-thiophen-2-ylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahyd pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)-5-(4-thiophen-2-ylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole;
[5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-[2-(1 - methyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)-phenyl]-nnethanone;
2-[(2-Bromophenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4-phenylpyrinnidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole;
2-{5-[(3'-Chlorobiphenyl-2-yl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl}quinoxaline;
2-{5-[(2-Bromophenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl}quinoxaline;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)-5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole;
2-(4-Methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
6-Fluoro-2-{5-[(2-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl}-1 ,3-benzothiazole 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-methy ^
pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[(3'-Fluorobiphenyl-2-yl)carbonyl]-5-(4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4-Methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-methylnaphthalen-1 -yl)carbonyl]octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[(2-Methylnaphthalen-1 -yl)carbonyl]-5-(4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[(3'-Fluorobiphenyl-2-yl)carbonyl]-5-(4-methoxypyrinnidin-2-yl)octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(3'-fluorobiphenyl-2-yl)carbonyl]octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
[5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(2-fluoro- phenyl)-methanone;
2-(4-Methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(4'-methylbiphenyl-2-yl)carbonyl]octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[(3'-Chlorobiphenyl-2-yl)carbonyl]-5-(4-methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[(2-Ethoxynaphthalen-1 -yl)carbonyl]-5-(4-methoxypyrinnidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[(4-Fluoronaphthalen-1 -yl)carbonyl]-5-(4-methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4-Methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-(naphthalen-1 -ylcarbonyl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole;
2-[(2-Ethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4-methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole;
2-[(2-Methoxynaphthalen-1 -yl)carbonyl]-5-(4-methoxypyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)-5-[4-(1 H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[4-(1 H-Pyrazol-4-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]-5-[(2-thiophen-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole; 2-(3,6-Dimethylpyrazin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)-5-(3,5-dimethylpyrazin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole;
2-Methyl-3-{5-[(2-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl}quinoxaline;
2-[5-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-3- methylquinoxaline;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 H-pyrazol-1 - yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-fluoro-6-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl)carbony^ octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-pyridin-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-pyridin-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(5-fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl)carbony^ octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[5-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpynmidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-fluoro-6-pyrimidin-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpynmidin-2-yl)-5-[(5-fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[5-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-ethylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-ethoxynaphthalen-1 -yl)carbonyl]octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 H-pyrazol-1 - yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole; 2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(5-phenyl-1 ,3-oxazol-4-yl)carbonyl]octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(5-phenylisoxazol-4-yl)carbonyl]octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
[5-(2-lsopropyl-6-methyl-pyrinnidin-4-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(2- [1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-methanone;
2-[(2-Bromophenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4,6-dinnethylpynnnidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl} octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl} octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[5-{[2-(4H-1 ,2,4-Triazol-3-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl]quinoxaline;
2-[5-{[2-(4H-1 ,2,4-Triazol-3-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-
2(1 H)-yl]-1 ,3-benzoxazole;
2-(4-Methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(4H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2- ethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[4-fluoro-2-(tnfluoromethyl)phenyl]carbonyl} octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(4-fluoronaphthalen-1 -yl)carbonyl]octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 -methylethyl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(3-methoxy-2- methylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-(naphthalen-1 -ylcarbonyl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole;
2-[5-{[2-(4H-1 ,2,4-Triazol-3-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl]-3-(trifluoronnethyl)quinoxaline; 2-Methyl-3-[5-{[2-(4H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]quinoxaline;
2-[6-Methyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)pynmidin-4-yl]-5-{[2-(4H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[6-Methyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)pynmidin-4-yl]-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-[6-methyl-2- (trifluoronnethyl)pyrinnidin-4-yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-{[4-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-[6-methyl-2- (trifluoronnethyl)pyrinnidin-4-yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(6-Methylpyrazin-2-yl)-5-{[5-methyl-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2 yl)phenyl]carbonyl} octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(3,6-Dimethylpyrazin-2-yl)-5-{[2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl} octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(5-methyl-2-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl)carbo octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(3,6-Dimethylpyrazin-2-yl)-5-[(5-methyl-2-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl] octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(3,6-Dimethylpyrazin-2-yl)-5-{[4-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl} octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[5-iodo-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2-yl)phenyl] carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
4-[5-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-N,N-dimethyl-6-(tnfluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-amine;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2-yl)phenyl] carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
N,N-Dimethyl-4-{5-[(5-methyl-2-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo [3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl}-6-(tnfluoromethyl)pynmidin-2-amine;
4-{5-[(5-Fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl}-N,N-dimethyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)pynmidin-2-amine;
4-[5-{[5-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-N,N-dimethyl-6-(tnfluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-amine; 4-[5-{[4-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-N,N-dimethyl-6-(tnfluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-amine;
2-[(5-Methyl-2-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-[6-methyl-2-(trifluoromethyl) pyrinnidin-4-yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[(5-Fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4-phenylpynmidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-{[5-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-[6-methyl-2-
(trifluoronnethyl)pyrinnidin-4-yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
[5-(2,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-4-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(5-fluoro-2- [1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-methanone;
4-{5-[(2-Fluoro-6-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl}-N,N-dimethyl-6-(tnfluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-amine
2-[(2-Fluoro-6-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-[6-methyl-2-(trifluoromethyl) pyrinnidin-4-yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[4-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl] carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
N,N,6-Trimethyl-2-[5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydro pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]pyrinnidin-4-annine;
N,N,4-Trimethyl-6-[5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydro pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]pyrinnidin-2-annine;
N,N-Dimethyl-4-[5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo
[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-6-(tnfluoromethyl)pynmidin-2-amine;
2-(2,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-4-yl)-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl} octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
[5-(3,6-Dimethyl-pyrazin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(5-nnethyl-2-
[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-nnethanone;
2-[5-{[5-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-N,N,6-trinnethylpynnnidin-4-annine;
2-(5-Methoxypyridin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo [3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[(2-Ethoxynaphthalen-1 -yl)carbonyl]-5-(4-phenylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydro pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole; 2-{[5-Methyl-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-(4-phenylpynmidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
(4-Chloro-2-[1 ,2,3]tnazol-2-yl-phenyl)-[5-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)- hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[5-methyl-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2-yl)phenyl] carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[5-methyl-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2-yl)phenyl] carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4-Phenylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydro pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[5-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl-1 ,3-thiazol-4- yl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[(2-Thiophen-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]octahydro pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(6-Methylpyridin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4-Methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydro pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4-Methylpyridin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(6-Methoxypyridin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(2-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydro pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-{5-[(2-Thiophen-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl}- 1 ,3-benzoxazole;
2-[(2-Thiophen-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]octahydro pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
[5-(4-Phenyl-pyrinnidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-[2-(4H- [1 ,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-phenyl]-nnethanone;
2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[5-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl-1 ,3-thiazol-4- yl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole; 2-(4-Thiophen-2-ylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl} octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-Triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl]-1 ,3-benzoxazole;
2-{5-[(2-Ethoxynaphthalen-1 -yl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl}quinoxaline;
2-{5-[(5-Fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl}quinoxaline;
2-(6-Ethoxypyridin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydro pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[(5-Fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-[4-(trifluoromethyl)pynmi^ yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-Triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl]quinoxaline
2-[(5-Fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4-methoxypynmidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4-Furan-2-ylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl} octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(5-Fluoropyridin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydro pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-Triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-[4-(tnfluoromethyl)pynmidin-2 yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4-Methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-5-yl)phenyl]carbonyl} octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(3,6-Dimethylpyrazin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octa hydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4-Methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(2H-1 , 2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octa hydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-{[5-Chloro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-(4,6-dimethylpynmidin- 2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-{[4-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-(6-methylpyrazin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole; 2-{[4-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-(4-methoxypyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[4-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2-yl)phenyl] carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
[5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pynnnidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(5- methoxy-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-methanone;
(2-Fluoro-6-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-[5-(4-methoxy-pynmidin-2-yl)-hexahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
6-Chloro-2-{5-[(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl}-1 ,3-benzothiazole;
2-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)-5-(4-phenylpyrinnidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole;
2-{5-[(2,6-Dimethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl}quinoxaline;
2-[(2,6-Dimethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4-phenylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo [3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4-phenylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo [3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[5-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]quinoxaline; 2-[5-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-1 ,3- benzothiazole;
2-{5-[(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl}-4- methylquinoline;
2-{5-[(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl}-6- methoxy-1 ,3-benzothiazole;
2-{5-[(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl}-6- methyl-1 ,3-benzothiazole;
2-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)-5-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole;
2-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)-5-(4-methylpyrinnidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole;
2-[5-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]quinoline; 2-[5-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-6-fluoro- 1 ,3-benzothiazole;
2-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)-5-(4-methoxypyrinnidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole;
2-[5-(Biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-4- methylquinoline;
(2,4-Dimethoxy-phenyl)-[5-(4-methoxy-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
(5-Benzooxazol-2-yl-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-(2-methoxy-phenyl)- methanone;
(2-Pyridin-3-yl-phenyl)-(5-quinoxalin-2-yl-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)- methanone;
[5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-[2-(1 H- imidazol-2-yl)-phenyl]-nnethanone;
(5-Benzooxazol-2-yl-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-(2,4-dinnethoxy- phenyl)-methanone;
(5-Benzooxazol-2-yl-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-biphenyl-2-yl- methanone;
(2,4-Dimethoxy-phenyl)-[5-(6-nnethyl-pyridin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
(2,4-Dimethoxy-phenyl)-[5-(4-methyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
Biphenyl-2-yl-[5-(6-methoxy-benzothiazol-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2-yl]-methanone;
Biphenyl-2-yl-[5-(6-methyl-benzothiazol-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2- yl]-methanone;
[5-(6-Chloro-benzothiazol-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(2,6- dimethoxy-phenyl)-nnethanone;
Biphenyl-2-yl-[5-(6-chloro-benzothiazol-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2- yl]-methanone;
(2,4-Dimethoxy-phenyl)-(5-quinoxalin-2-yl-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)- methanone; (5-Benzooxazol-2-yl-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-(2,6-dinnethoxy- phenyl)-methanone;
(4'-Methyl-biphenyl-2-yl)-(5-quinoxalin-2-yl-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)- methanone;
(5-Quinoxalin-2-yl-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl)-(4'-trifluoronnethyl- biphenyl-2-yl)-methanone;
(4'-Methyl-biphenyl-2-yl)-[5-(4-phenyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
[5-(4-Phenyl-pyrinnidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(4'- trifluoronnethyl-biphenyl-2-yl)-nnethanone;
(4-Methoxy-2-methyl-phenyl)-(5-quinoxalin-2-yl-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2-yl)-methanone;
(3'-Chloro-biphenyl-2-yl)-[5-(4-phenyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
(2-Methoxy-phenyl)-[5-(4-methoxy-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
(2-Methoxy-phenyl)-[5-(4-methyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2-yl]-methanone;
[5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pynnnidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(2- methoxy-phenyl)-nnethanone;
2-[5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrinnidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;-2-carbonyl]- benzonitrile;
Cinnolin-4-yl-[5-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2- yl]-methanone;
(5-Fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2-yl-phenyl)-[5-(6-methyl-2-trifluoromethyl-pynmidi hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
[5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pynnnidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(2- [1 ,2,3]triazol-1 -yl-phenyl)-methanone;
[5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pynnnidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(2- [1 ,2,4]triazol-1 -yl-phenyl)-methanone;
[5-(4,6-Dimethoxy-pynnnidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(3- phenyl-pyridin-2-yl)-methanone; [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(3-phenyl- pyridin-2-yl)-methanone;
[5-(6-Methyl-2-propyl-pyrimidin-4-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(2- [1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-nnethanone;
[5-(2-Methyl-pyrimidin-4-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(2-[1 ,2,3]triazol- 2-yl-phenyl)-methanone;
[5-(6-Methyl-pyrazin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(2-[1 ,2,3]triazol- 2-yl-phenyl)-methanone;
[5-(3,6-Dimethyl-pyrazin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(5-fluoro-2- pyrimidin-2-yl-phenyl)-methanone;
[5-(3,6-Dimethyl-pyrazin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-[2-(2H- [1 ,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-phenyl]-nnethanone;
[5-(2-Pyrrolidin-1 -yl-6-tnfluoromethyl-pyrimidin-4-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-nnethanone;
2-(2,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-4-yl)-5-{[5-fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
[5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(2-nitro-6- [1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-nnethanone;
[5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(2-furan-2- yl-phenyl)-methanone;
[5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pynmidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(2-methyl- 5-phenyl-thiazol-4-yl)-methanone;
2-[(2,3-Dimethylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(3-fluoro-2- methylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[5-fluoro-2-
(trifluoronnethyl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[(4-Chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[(5-Chloro-2-methylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole; 2-[(2,5-Dimethylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[(2,6-Dimethylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-[(5-fluoro-2- methylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[(2,4-Dimethylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[(2,5-Diethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[(2,6-Diethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4,6-dinnethylpynnnidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[(2-Chloro-6-methylphenyl)carbonyl]-5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpynnnidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(4-fluoro- 2-(pyrinnidin-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(3-fluoro- 2-iodophenyl)methanone;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(tnfluoromethyl)pyndin-3- yl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-Bromopyndin-3-yl)(5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(2-
(pyrinnidin-2-yl)pyndin-3-yl)nnethanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(2-(1 -
(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)pyridin-3-yl)nnethanone;
(2-(1 H-Pyrazol-5-yl)pyndin-3-yl)(5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)nnethanone;
(2-(2H-1 ,2,3-Triazol-2-yl)pyndin-3-yl)(5-(4,6-dimethylpynmidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone;
(3-Fluoro-2-(pynmidin-2-yl)phenyl)(5-(4,5,6-trimethylpynmidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)nnethanone; (3-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2-yl)phenyl)(5-(4,5,6-trimethylpynmidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)nnethanone;
(5-Methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)(5-(4,5,6-tnmethylpynmidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)nnethanone;
(3-Fluoro-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)(5-(6-fluoroquinazolin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)nnethanone;
(3-Fluoro-2-(pyrinnidin-2-yl)phenyl)(5-(6-fluoroquinazolin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)nnethanone;
(5-(6,7-Difluoroquinoxalin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(3-fluoro- 2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone;
(5-(6,7-Difluoroquinoxalin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(5- methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(5-(6,7-Difluoroquinoxalin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(2-fluoro- 6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone;
(2-Bromo-3-fluorophenyl)(5-(6-fluoroquinazolin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone;
(5-(4,6-dimethylpyrinnidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(4-fluoro- 2-(5-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(2-Bromopyridin-3-yl)(5-(4,5,6-tnmethylpynmidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone;
(2-(1 -(Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)pyridin-3-yl)(5-(4,5,6- trinnethylpynnnidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone;
(2-(1 H-Pyrazol-5-yl)pyndin-3-yl)(5-(4,5,6-trimethylpynmidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)nnethanone;
6-[5-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-2-methylpynnnidin-4(3H)-one;
2-(2,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-4-yl)-5-{[5-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl-1 ,3-thiazol-4- yl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[5-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl-1 ,3-thiazol-4- yl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
6-[5-{[5-(4-Fluorophenyl)-2-methyl-1 ,3-thiazol-4- yl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-2-methylpyrinnidin-4(3H)- one; 6-{5-[(5-Fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2-ylphenyl)carbonyl]hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl}-2-methylpyrimidin-4(3H)-one;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpynnnidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(4-fluoro- 2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethoxypynnnidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(2- fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(2-methyl- 6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(3-methyl- 2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone;
(2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)(5-(5-nitropynmidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)nnethanone;
Methyl 2-(5-(2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrinnidine-5-carboxylate;
2-(5-(2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-
2(1 H)-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrinnidine-5-carboxylic acid;
(2-(4H-1 ,2,4-Tnazol-4-yl)phenyl)(5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)nnethanone;
2-(5-(2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl)-6-methylpyrinnidine-4-carboxylic acid;
(4,5-Difluoro-2-(4H-1 ,2,4-triazol-4-yl)phenyl)(5-(4,6-dimethylpynmidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)nnethanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpynmidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(3-methyl- 2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl)phenyl)methanone;
2-(5-(2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl)-N,N,6-trinnethylpynnnidine-4-carboxannide;
2-(5-(2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol- 2(1 H)-yl)-N,N-dimethyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)pynmidine-5-carboxamide;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl)(mesityl)nnethanone;
(2,3-Difluorophenyl)(5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone; (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(4- methoxy-2-(pyrinnidin-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(2,3-Dimethoxyphenyl)(5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(2- (trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)methanone;
[5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pynmidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(6-methyl- 2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-pyridin-3-yl)-methanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(2- methoxy-4-methylphenyl)methanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(4- methoxy-2-nnethylphenyl)nnethanone;
(2,6-Difluorophenyl)(5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone;
2-[5-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-6-methylpyrinnidine-4-carbonitnle;
2-[4,6-Bis(trifluoromethyl)pynmidin-2-yl]-5-{[2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[5-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-6-methylpyrinnidin-4-ol;
(2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)(5-(4-(furan-2-yl)-6-methylpynmidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)nnethanone;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpynmidin-2-yl)-5-[(3-fluoro-2-pyrimidin-2- ylphenyl)carbonyl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[3-fluoro-2-(1 H-pyrazol-5- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[3-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[3-methoxy-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 - yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[3-fluoro-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 - yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole; 2-(4,6-Dimethylpynmidin-2-yl)-5-{[4-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[4-methoxy-2-(1 H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(5-Fluoro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(2-Chloro-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(5-Fluoropyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(5-Fluoro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-(4,5,6- trimethylpyrinnidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,5-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-(4-methoxy-6- methylpyrinnidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4-Ethyl-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-[4-methyl-6-(1 - methylethyl)pyrinnidin-2-yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[4-Methyl-6-(1 -methylethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]-5-{[2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-{[5-(1 -Methylethyl)-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-[4-methyl-6-(1 - methylethyl)pyrinnidin-2-yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4-tert-Butyl-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4-Cyclopropyl-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-(4-methyl-1 ,3,5-tnazin-
2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole; 2-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-(4-methyl-6-morpholin- 4-ylpyrimidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-{[2-(4H-1 ,2,4-Triazol-3-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-(4,5,6-tnmethylpynmidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-5- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-{[2-(3-Methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-(4,5,6- trimethylpyrinnidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(5-Fluoro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-{[2-(1 -Methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}-5-(4,5,6- trimethylpyrinnidin-2-yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(5-Fluoro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[5-{[2-Fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-4-methyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidine;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[3-fluoro-2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-fluoro-6-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(5-Chloro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(5-Chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(5-Chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
4-Methyl-2-[5-{[2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl]-6,7-dihydro-5H- cyclopenta[d]pyrimidine; 2-(5-Chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(5-Chloro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(5-Ethyl-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[2-(1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-{[3-(2H-1 ,2,3-Triazol-2-yl)pyndin-2-yl]carbonyl}-5-(4,5,6-tnmethylpynmidin-2 yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(5-Chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[3-(2H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2-yl)pyndin-2- yl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(5-Fluoro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[3-(2H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2-yl)pyndin-2- yl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-(9H-fluoren-4-ylcarbonyl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole;
[5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(5-
[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-benzo[1 ,3]dioxol-4-yl)-methanone;
[5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(8-
[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-naphthalen-1 -yl)-methanone;
[5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(4- [1 ,2,3]triazol-1 -yl-pyridin-3-yl)-methanone;
(5-tert-Butyl-2-methoxy-phenyl)-[5-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
[5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(1 - [1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;
[5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(3- [1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-pyndin-2-yl)-methanone;
(2-Bromo-4,5-dimethoxy-phenyl)-[5-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
(3,4-Dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1 ,4]dioxepin-6-yl)-[5-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)- hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(4-fluoro- 2-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone; [5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pynmidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(6-methyl- 2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-1 -yl-pyridin-3-yl)-nnethanone;
(1 -Bromo-naphthalen-2-yl)-[5-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
[5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pynnnidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(3- methoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-nnethanone;
[5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pynnnidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(8- [1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-naphthalen-1 -yl)-methanone;
[5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(1 - methoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-nnethanone;
(4,5-Dimethoxy-2-[1 ,2,3]tnazol-1 -yl-phenyl)-[5-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)- hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
(4,5-Dimethoxy-2-[1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-[5-(4,6-dimethyl-pynmidin-2-yl)- hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpynnnidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(4-fluoro- 2-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(3- propoxypyridin-2-yl)methanone;
(3-Propoxypyridin-2-yl)(5-(5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrinnidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpynnnidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(4-fluoro- 2-(3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(3-Propoxypyridin-2-yl)(5-(quinoxalin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl)methanone;
2-(5-([1 ,1 '-Biphenyl]-2-ylsulfonyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl)quinoxaline;
2-[(2,6-Dimethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]-5-[5-(trifluoronnethyl)pyndin-2- yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
(2,6-Dimethoxyphenyl)(5-(5-(tnfluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone;
(2,6-Dimethoxyphenyl)(5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone; (5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(3- methylfuran-2-yl)methanone;
2-[(3-Methylfuran-2-yl)carbonyl]-5-[5-(trifluoromethyl)pyndin-2- yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
(3-Methylfuran-2-yl)(5-(5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone;
(3-Methylfuran-2-yl)(5-(quinoxalin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl)methanone;
2-([1 ,1 '-Biphenyl]-2-ylsulfonyl)-5-(5-(trifluoromethyl)pyndin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-([1 ,1 '-Biphenyl]-2-ylsulfonyl)-5-(5-(trifluoromethyl)pynmidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-([1 ,1 '-Biphenyl]-2-ylsulfonyl)-5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-((2- methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-((2-Methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)-5-(5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrinnidin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-((2-Methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)-5-(5-(trifluoronnethyl)pyridin-2- yl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(5-((2-Methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl)quinoxaline;
(3,6'-Dimethyl-[2,3'-bipyridin]-2'-yl)(5-(quinoxalin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone;
(3,6'-Dimethyl-[2,3'-bipyridin]-2'-yl)(5-(5-(tnfluoromethyl)pynmidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)nnethanone;
(3,6'-Dimethyl-[2,3'-bipyridin]-2'-yl)(5-(5-(tnfluoromethyl)pyndin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)nnethanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrinnidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(4-fluoro- 2-(pyridin-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(3-fluoro- 2-(pyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone; [2,3'-Bipyridin]-2'-yl(5-(4,6-dimethylpyrim
2(1 H)-yl)methanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpynnnidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(4-fluoro- 2-(oxazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(3-fluoro- 2-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(3-fluoro- 2-(3-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(2-(3-Chloropyridin-2-yl)-3-fluorophenyl)(5-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(3-fluoro- 2-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(3-fluoro- 2-(5-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpynnnidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(3-fluoro- 2-(3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(3-fluoro- 2-(oxazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone;
2-(5-Fluoro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[4-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(5-Chloro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[4-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(5-Fluoro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[4-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,5-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[4-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-[(3-Propoxypyridin-2-yl)carbonyl]-5-[5-(trifluoronnethyl)pyridin-2- yl]octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-{4,6-Bis[(2H3)methyl](2H)pyrimidin-2-yl}-5-{[2-fluoro-6-(2H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-{4,6-Bis[(2H3)methyl](2H)pyrimidin-2-yl}-5-{[3-fluoro-2-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4- oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole; 2-{4,6-Bis[(2H3)methyl](2H)pyrimidin-2-yl}-5-{[4-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2- yl)phenyl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(5-Ethyl-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[3-(2H-1 ,2,3-tnazol-2-yl)pyndin yl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
2-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-{[3-(3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)pyndin-2- yl]carbonyl}octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole;
(5-(6,7-Difluoroquinoxalin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(3-fluoro- 2-(pyrinnidin-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(5-(6,7-Difluoroquinoxalin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(3-fluoro- 2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone;
(5-(6,7-Difluoroquinoxalin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(4- methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(5-(6-(Dimethylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(4- methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(5-(6-(Dimethylamino)-2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-
2(1 H)-yl)(4-methoxy-2-(2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone;
(5-(6-(Dimethylamino)-2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-
2(1 H)-yl)(3-fluoro-2-(pyrinnidin-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(5-(6-(Dimethylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(3- fluoro-2-(pyrinnidin-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(3-Fluoro-2-(pynmidin-2-yl)phenyl)(5-(5-fluoro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)nnethanone;
(5-(5-Chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrinnidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)- yl)(3-fluoro-2-(pyrinnidin-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(5-(5-Chloro-4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(3- fluoro-2-(pyrinnidin-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(3-Fluoro-2-(pynmidin-2-yl)phenyl)(5-(5-fluoro-4-methylpyrimidin-2- yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)nnethanone;
(5-(4,5-Dimethylpyrinnidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(3-fluoro- 2-(pyrinnidin-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpynnnidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(5-fluoro- 2-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone; (5-(4,6-Dimethylpynmidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(5-fluoro- 2-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpynnnidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(5-fluoro- 2-(5-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpynnnidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(5-fluoro- 2-(3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpynnnidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(5-fluoro- 2-(pyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpynnnidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(4-fluoro- 2-(oxazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpynnnidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(6-fluoro- 2-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpynnnidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(6-fluoro- 2-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpynnnidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(6-fluoro- 2-(5-methylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpynnnidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(6-fluoro- 2-(3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpynnnidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(6-fluoro- 2-(pyridin-2-yl)phenyl)nnethanone;
(5-(4,6-Dimethylpynnnidin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)(6-fluoro- 2-(oxazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanone;
(3,6'-Dimethyl-[2,3'-bipyridin]-2'-yl)(5-(quinoxalin-2-yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(1 H)-yl)methanone; and
[5-(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-(2-fluoro-6- [1 ,2,3]triazol-2-yl-phenyl)-methanone'HCI'1 .65H2O.
30. A pharmaceutical composition for treating a disease, disorder or medical condition mediated by orexin activity comprising:
(a) an effective amount of at least one chemical entity selected from compounds of Formula (I):
Figure imgf000325_0001
Formula (I) wherein:
R1 is a member selected from the group consisting of:
A) phenyl substituted or unsubstituted with one or two Ra members and substituted in the ortho position with Rb;
Ra is independently selected from the group consisting of: -H, halo, -
Ci-4alkyl, -Ci-4alkoxy, and -NO2, wherein two adjacent Ra members may come together to form a six membered aromatic ring; Rb is a member selected from the group consisting of:
a) halo, -Ci-4alkoxy, -Ci-4alkyl,-CF3, -OCF3, or -CN; b) 5-membered heteroaryl ring containing one oxygen or one sulfur members;
c) 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring containing one, two or three nitrogen members, optionally containing one oxygen member, substituted or unsubstituted with halo or -Ci-4alkyl; and d) phenyl substituted or unsubstituted with halo, -CH3, or -CF3;
B) pyridine substituted or unsubstituted with one or two Rc members and substituted with Rd, wherein Rd is positioned adjacent to the point of attachment by R1 ;
Rc is Ci-4alkyl;
Rd is a member selected from the group consisting of:
a) 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring selected from the group
consisting of: 1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl, 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl, 1 H- pyrazol-5-yl, 3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl, pyridinyl, 3-methyl- pyridin-2-yl; 1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl), phenyl, and pyrimidin-2-yl; and
b) -CF3, -Br, and -Ci-4alkoxy;
C) 5-membered heteroaryl ring selected from the group consisting of: 2- methyl-1 ,3-thiazol-yl, 1 H-pyrazol-5-yl, oxazole, isoxazolyl, thiophen- 2- yl, and furan-2-yl, each substituted with phenyl substituted or unsubstituted with -F; and
D) 5-13 membered aryl or heteroaryl ring selected from the group
consisting of: 3-methylfuran-2-yl, 9H-fluorene, quinoline, cinnoline;
3- (1 H-pyrrol-1 -yl)thiophen-2-yl, 8-[1 ,2,3]-triazol-2-yl-naphthalen-1 -yl, 2,3-dihydro-1 ,4-benzodioxin-5-yl, 1 H-indol-7-yl, 4-fluoronaphthalen-1 - yl, and naphthalen-1 -yl;
R2 is a member selected from the group consisting of:
A) 6-membered heteroaryl ring containing two nitrogen members
substituted with one or more members independently selected from the group consisting of: halo, -Ci-4alkyl, -CD3, -D, -Ci-4alkoxy, cyclopropyl, morpholin-2-yl, -CO2Ci-4alkyl, -CO2H, -CH2OH, - C(O)N(Ci-4alkyl)2, -CF3, -CN, -OH, -NO2, -N(Ci-4alkyl)2, phenyl, furan-2-yl, thiophen-2-yl, 1 H-pyrazol-4-yl, and pyrrolidin-1 -yl;
B) pyridine substituted with one or two members independently selected from the group consisting of halo, -Ci-4alkyl, -Ci-4alkoxy, and -CF3;
C) 9-membered heteroaryl ring selected from the group consisting of: benzooxazol-2-yl, 2-methylpyrimidin-4(3H)-one, 6-fluoro-1 ,3- benzothiazole, 1 ,3-benzothiazole, 6-methoxy-1 ,3-benzothiazole, 6- methyl-1 ,3-benzothiazole, 6-chloro-benzothiazol-2-yl, and 4-methyl- 6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidine;
D) 10-membered heteroaryl ring selected from the group consisting of: quinoxalin-2-yl, 3-methylquinoxalin-2-yl, 6,7-difluoroquinoxalin-2-yl, 3-(trifluoromethyl)quinoxaline, quinoline, 4-methylquinoline, and 6- fluoroquinazolin-2-yl; and
E) 4-methyl-1 ,3,5-triazin-2-yl;
and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of Formula (I); and
(b) at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
31 . A pharmaceutical composition comprising and effective amount of at least one chemical entity of claim 29, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
32. A method of treating a subject suffering from or diagnosed with a disease, disorder, or medical condition mediated by orexin receptor activity, comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment an effective amount of at least one chemical entity selected from compounds of Formula(l):
Figure imgf000327_0001
Formula (I)
wherein:
R1 is a member selected from the group consisting of:
A) phenyl substituted or unsubstituted with one or two Ra members and substituted in the ortho position with Rb;
Ra is independently selected from the group consisting of: -H, halo, -
Ci-4alkyl, -Ci-4alkoxy, and -NO2, wherein two adjacent Ra members may come together to form a six membered aromatic ring; Rb is a member selected from the group consisting of:
a) halo, -Ci-4alkoxy, -Ci-4alkyl,-CF3, -OCF3, or -CN; b) 5-membered heteroaryl ring containing one oxygen or one sulfur members;
c) 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring containing one, two or three nitrogen members, optionally containing one oxygen member, substituted or unsubstituted with halo or -Ci-4alkyl; and d) phenyl substituted or unsubstituted with halo, -CH3, or -CF3;
B) pyridine substituted or unsubstituted with one or two Rc members and substituted with Rd, wherein Rd is positioned adjacent to the point of attachment by R1 ;
Rc is Ci-4alkyl;
Rd is a member selected from the group consisting of:
a) 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring selected from the group
consisting of: 1 H-1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl, 2H-1 ,2,3-triazol-2-yl, 1 H- pyrazol-5-yl, 3-methyl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl, pyridinyl, 3-methyl- pyridin-2-yl; 1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl), phenyl, and pyrimidin-2-yl; and
b) -CF3, -Br, and -Ci-4alkoxy;
C) 5-mennbered heteroaryl ring selected from the group consisting of: 2-methyl-1 ,3-thiazol-yl, 1 H-pyrazol-5-yl, oxazole, isoxazolyl, thiophen-2-yl, and furan-2-yl, each substituted with phenyl substituted or unsubstituted with -F; and
D) 5-13 membered aryl or heteroaryl ring selected from the group consisting of: 3-methylfuran-2-yl, 9H-fluorene, quinoline, cinnoline; 3-(1 H-pyrrol-1 -yl)thiophen-2-yl, 8-[1 ,2,3]-triazol-2-yl- naphthalen-1 -yl, 2,3-dihydro-1 ,4-benzodioxin-5-yl, 1 H-indol-7-yl, 4-fluoronaphthalen-1 -yl, and naphthalen-1 -yl;
member selected from the group consisting of:
A) 6-membered heteroaryl ring containing two nitrogen members
substituted with one or more members independently selected from the group consisting of: halo, -Ci-4alkyl, -CD3, -D, -Ci-4alkoxy, cyclopropyl, morpholin-2-yl, -CO2Ci-4alkyl, -CO2H, -CH2OH, - C(O)N(Ci-4alkyl)2, -CF3, -CN, -OH, -NO2, -N(Ci-4alkyl)2, phenyl, furan-2-yl, thiophen-2-yl, 1 H-pyrazol-4-yl, and pyrrolidin-1 -yl;
B) pyridine substituted with one or two members independently selected from the group consisting of: halo, -Ci-4alkyl, -Ci-4alkoxy, and -CF3;
C) 9-membered heteroaryl ring selected from the group consisting of: benzooxazol-2-yl, 2-methylpyrimidin-4(3H)-one, 6-fluoro-1 ,3- benzothiazole, 1 ,3-benzothiazole, 6-methoxy-1 ,3-benzothiazole, 6- methyl-1 ,3-benzothiazole, 6-chloro-benzothiazol-2-yl, and 4-methyl- 6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidine;
D) 10-membered heteroaryl ring selected from the group consisting of: quinoxalin-2-yl, 3-methylquinoxalin-2-yl, 6,7-difluoroquinoxalin-2-yl, 3-(trifluoromethyl)quinoxaline, quinoline, 4-methylquinoline, and 6- fluoroquinazolin-2-yl; and
E) 4-methyl-1 ,3,5-triazin-2-yl; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of Formula (I), and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
33. A method according to Claim 32, wherein the disease, disorder, or medical condition is selected from the group consisting of: disorders of the sleep-wake cycle, insomnia, restless legs syndrome, jet-lag, disturbed sleep, sleep disorders secondary to neurological disorders, manias, depressions, manic depression, schizophrenia, pain syndromes, fibromyalgia, neuropathic pain , catatonia, Parkinson's disease, Tourette's syndrome, anxiety, delirium, dementias, overweight or obesity and conditions related to overweight or obesity, insulin resistance, type II diabetes, hyperlipidemia, gallstones, angina, hypertension, breathlessness, tachycardia, infertility, sleep apnea, back and joint pain, varicose veins, osteoarthritis, hypertension, tachycardia, arrhythmias, angina pectoris, acute heart failure, ulcers, irritable bowel syndrome, diarrhea and gastroesophageal reflux.
34. A method according to Claim 32, wherein the disease, disorder, or medical condition is insomnia.
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