WO2011043779A4 - Dual enhanced tube for vapor generator - Google Patents

Dual enhanced tube for vapor generator Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011043779A4
WO2011043779A4 PCT/US2009/060184 US2009060184W WO2011043779A4 WO 2011043779 A4 WO2011043779 A4 WO 2011043779A4 US 2009060184 W US2009060184 W US 2009060184W WO 2011043779 A4 WO2011043779 A4 WO 2011043779A4
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tube
zone
set forth
liquid
wall
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2009/060184
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2011043779A1 (en
Inventor
Bashir I. Master
Bhushan Ranade
Original Assignee
Hamon Research-Cottrell, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hamon Research-Cottrell, Inc. filed Critical Hamon Research-Cottrell, Inc.
Publication of WO2011043779A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011043779A1/en
Publication of WO2011043779A4 publication Critical patent/WO2011043779A4/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/26—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means being integral with the element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/16—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being hot liquid or hot vapour, e.g. waste liquid, waste vapour
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B15/00—Water-tube boilers of horizontal type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged horizontally
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B21/00—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically
    • F22B21/22—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from water tubes of form other than straight or substantially straight
    • F22B21/30—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from water tubes of form other than straight or substantially straight bent in U-loop form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/06—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits having a single U-bend
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/40—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only inside the tubular element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F28F1/422—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element with outside means integral with the tubular element and inside means integral with the tubular element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F28F13/12—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/14—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by endowing the walls of conduits with zones of different degrees of conduction of heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
    • F28F13/185—Heat-exchange surfaces provided with microstructures or with porous coatings
    • F28F13/187—Heat-exchange surfaces provided with microstructures or with porous coatings especially adapted for evaporator surfaces or condenser surfaces, e.g. with nucleation sites
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2215/00—Fins
    • F28F2215/04—Assemblies of fins having different features, e.g. with different fin densities

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)

Abstract

A heat exchange assembly for generating steam from a second medium to be used to drive a steam turbine for generating electricity or for other process, includes a tube having a longitudinal axis and an inner wall and an outer wall. The outer wall includes a plurality of spaced fins oriented generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. The inner wall defines a preheat zone and a dual phase zone. The preheat zone defines a helical rib configured to provide swirling motion and increase heat transfer surface area to liquid entering the tube increasing heat transfer from the tube to the liquid. The dual phase zone is spaced from the preheat zone and defines a helical rib configured to provide swirling motion to steam and liquid passing through the dual phase zone increasing heat transfer from the tube to the steam and liquid while preventing vapor stagnation and film boiling.

Claims

AMENDED CLAIMS received by the International Bureau on 5 April 2011 (05.04.2011). What is claimed is:
1. A heat exchange assembly for generating steam from a heating medium comprising:
a tube defining a longitudinal axis and having an inner wall and an outer wall, said outer wall including a plurality of spaced fins oriented generally perpendicular to said longitudinal axis of said tube, said outer wall exposed to a heating medium flowing through said heat exchange assembly;
said inner wall of said lube defining a preheat zone and a dual phase zone, said preheat /one defining a helical rib configured to provide swirling motion and increase heat transfer surface area to liquid entering said tube thereby increasing heat transfer from said heating medium flowing outside said tube to said liquid disposed inside said tube and heuling the liquid to its saturation temperature, and said dual phase zone being spaced from said preheat zone and defining a helical rib configured Lo provide swirling motion to steam generated from Lhe liquid and liquid disposed uL its saturation temperature passing through said dual phase zone thereby reducing lhc accumulation of steam on said inner wall during dual phase flow of the steam and liquid through the inside of said lube.
2. The assembly set forth in claim 1 , wherein said assembly includes a plurality of lubes configured in a bundle, each tube converting liquid to steam.
3. The assembly set forth in claim 1, wherein said inner wall includes a smooth wall section separating said preheat zone and said dual phase /.one.
4. The assembly set forth in claim 1, wherein said spaced 1ms disposed upon said outer wail of said tube includes an average height of between about 0.6 mm and 0.7 mm.
5. The assembly set forth in claim 1 , wherein said spaced fins di.sposed upon said outer wall of said tube includes an average height of about 0.66 mm.
6. The assembly set forth in claim 1 , wherein said spaced Tins disposed upon said outer wall of said tube include an average fin thickens of between about 0.2 mm and 0.4 mm.
7. The assembly set forth in claim 1, wherein said spaced fins disposed upon said outer wall of said tube includes an average thickness of about 0.3 mm.
8. The assembly set forth in claim 1, wherein said spaced fins include a density of between about 7 to 12 per centimeter.
9. -The assembly set forth in claim 1, wherein said rib includes an average height between about 0.5 mm and 1.0 mm.
10. The assembly set forth in claim 1 , wherein said rib includes an average rib thickness of between about 0.38 mm and 0.44 mm.
1 1. The assembly set forth in claim 1, wherein said helical rib includes an apex angle with respect to tube radius of between about zero and thirty degrees.
12. The assembly set forth in claim l, wherein said helical rib includes a helix angle ube axis of between about ten and forty five degrees.
13. A method of converting liquid to vapor using a heating fluid flowing through a shell side of tube and bundle heat exchanger, comprising the steps of:
providing a tube having a first zone, a second zone, and a third zone defined by an inner sur!uee of said tube;
heating an exterior surface of said tube with the heating fluid flowing along the exterior surface of said tube;
preheating the liquid passing through an interior of said tube in said first zone to its saturation temperature while providing swirling motion to the liquid thereby improving heat transfer from said tube the heating medium to the liquid;
converting at least a portion of the liquid at its saturation temperature to vapor in said second zone; and
providing swirling motion to the vapor and liquid passing through said third zone in dual phase thereby preventing film boiling from occurring on said inner surface of said tube of in said third zone.
14. The method set forth in claim 13, wherein said step of providing swirling motion to tire liquid passing through said first zone is further defined by providing a helical rib to said inner surface of said tube at said first zone.
15. The method set forth in claim 13, wherein said step of providing a lube is further defined by providing a tube with a second zone having a substantially smooth surface.
16. The method set forth in claim 13, wherein said step of providing a tube is further defined by providing a tube having a two phase zone comprising vapor and liquid.
17. The method set forth in claim 13, further including the step of providing sufficient heat energy to said third zone from the heating fluid to continuously maintain both vapor and liquid inside said tube.
18. The method set forth in claim 13, wherein said step of providing swirling motion to the liquid passing through said third zone is further defined by providing a helical rib to said inner surface of said tube at said first zone.
19. The method set forth in claim 13, wherein said step of providing a tube having . a first zone, a second zone, and a third zone is further defined by providing a tube having a first zone comprising about 20% of a length of said tube, a second zone comprising about 60% of a length of said tube and a third zone comprising about 20% of a length of said lube.
20. The. method set forth in claim 13, further including the step oi' providing a different swirling motion to the liquid passing tlirough said first zone lhan the swirling motion provided to the vapor and liquid passing through said third zone.
21. The method set forth in claim 13, further including the step of providing a helical rib to said inner surface of said tube thereby increasing the surface area of suid inner surface of said tube providing improved heat transfer from the heating fluid to the liquid passing through said tube.
22. The method set fortli in claim 21, wherein said step of providing a helical rib to said inner surface of said tube is further dcfmed by providing a helical rib to said first and said second zones.
23. A heal exchange assembly for converting water to steam, comprising: a housing having an inlet and an outlet;
u plurality of baffle plates oriented in a predetermined fixed relationship, spaced apart creutmg a serpentine path inside said housing providing a route for a heating medium flowing from said inlet to said outlet;
a plurality of tubes defining an inner wall and an outer wall, said tubes being disposed . in said housing in a substantially vertical orientation, each of said plurality of tubes being received by at least some of said baffle plates providing contact to said outer wall with the heating medium flowing along said serpentine path;
said outer wall of said lubes defining fins thereby increasing the surface area of said outer wall and said inner wall defining helical ribbing, said helical ribbing providing swirling motion to water entering said tubes while the water is being heated by the heating medium to its saturation temperature and providing swirling motion to water and steam passing through an exit end of said tube in dual phase thereby reducing film boiling associated with converting water to steam while increasing heat transfer through increased surface area of said inner wall associated with said, helical ribbing.
24. The assembly set forth in claim 23, wherein said housing includes an inlet plenum for delivering water to said plurality of tubes and outlet plenum for evacuating steam from said plurality of tubes.
25. The assembly set forth in claim 23, wherein said inner wall of said tubes include a first zone, a second zone, and a third zone, said first zone being positioned adjacent said inlet plenum, said third zone being positioned adjacent said outlet plenum and said second zone being positioned between said first zone and said third zone,
26. The assembly set forth in claim 25, wherein said first, .second, and third zones each include helical ribbing thereby providing swirling motion to the water and the steam passing through said plurality of tubes,
27. The assembly set forth in claim 25, wherein said second zone comprises a substantially smooth surface of said inner wall and said first zone and said third zone comprise helical ribbing for providing swirling motion to the water adjacent said inlet plenum and swirling motion to the steam adjacent said exit plenum.
28. The assembly set forth in claim 23, wherein said fins are oriented in a substantially perpendicular relationship to the orientation of said tubes.
29. The assembly set forth in claim 23, wherein said fins disposed upon said outer wall of said tube includes an average height of between about 0.6 mm and 0.7 mm.
30. The assembly set forth in claim 23, wherein said fins disposed upon said outer wall of said tube includes an average height of about 0.66 mm.
31. The assembly set forth in claim 23, wherein said fins disposed upon said outer wall of said tube include an average fin thickens of between about 0.2 mm and 0.4 mm.
32. The assembly set forth in claim 23, wherein said fins disposed upon said outer wall of said tube includes an average thickness of about 0.3 mm.
33. The assembly set forth in claim 23, wherein said fins include a density of between about 7 to 12 per centimeter.
34. The assembly set forth in claim 23, wherein said helical ribbing includes an average height between about 0.5 mm and 1.0 mm.
35. The assembly set forth in claim 23, wherein said helical ribbing includes an average rib thickness of between about 0.38 mm and 0.44 pi.
36. The assembly set forth in claim 23, wherein said helical ribbing defines an upex ungle relative to a tube radius of between about zero and thirty degrees.
37. The assembly set forth in claim 23, wherein said helical ribbing includes a helix angle to said tube axis of between about ten and forty five degrees.

STATEMENT UNDER ARTICLE 19Π)

item V of Written Opinion;

With regard lo novelty of tlie inventive step and claimed invention in view of:

Figure imgf000011_0001

Although tlie I'atcnt Office indicates documents D I-D5 are of particular relevance and that the claimed invention can not be considered novel or can not be considered to involve an inventive step when the document is taken alone, Applicant respectfully asserts that none of these- documents disclose, teach, or suggest all of the features set forth in amended independent claims 1, 13 or 23, Applicant asserts that tlie Tixaminer has misinterpreted the prior art documents, namely, documents D 1 -D5, in order to find these documents disclose the elements recited in the independent claims 1, 13 and 23. Each of the prior art documents disclose heat exchangers having tubes with various ribbing disposed upon an inside wall and an outside wall of the tube. However, none of the prior art references disclose a heat exchanger having a tube with an inside wall and an outside wall, wherein a heating medium continuously flows over the outside wall lo heat a liquid to achieve a two-phase, liquid and vapor, flow at an exit end of the tube. This novel development enhances the performance of the heat exchanger thereby increasing the amount of vapor generated to upwards of 20% of the liquid flowing through the inside of the tube.

The prior art documents cited by tlie Examiner disclose a heating medium that flows through the inside of the tubes of a heat exchanger to heat a liquid disposed upon the outside of the tubes. This customary way of heating liquid is used because a. tube and bundle-type heat exchanger provides a serpentine path on the outside of the tubes to increase surface contact of the liquid being heated. Furthermore, these references do not disclose a liquid being converted lo a two-phase, steam and liquid, constitution while flowing through the heat exchanger. At best, the prior art documents disclose heating a pool of liquid lo achieve a two-phase constitution.

The amendments made to independent claims 1 , 13 and 23 intend to clarify that the liquid being converted to a two-phase constitution flows through the inside of the tubes of a heat exchanger and docs not flow along the serpentine path on the oulsidc of the tube of the heal exchanger. Fuitliennore, the liquid being converted to a two-phase constitution. flows though the heat exchanger and is not disposed as a standing pool of water, which is typical of known steam generators.

PCT/US2009/060184 2009-10-08 2009-10-09 Dual enhanced tube for vapor generator WO2011043779A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/575,805 2009-10-08
US12/575,805 US20110083619A1 (en) 2009-10-08 2009-10-08 Dual enhanced tube for vapor generator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011043779A1 WO2011043779A1 (en) 2011-04-14
WO2011043779A4 true WO2011043779A4 (en) 2011-06-03

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2009/060184 WO2011043779A1 (en) 2009-10-08 2009-10-09 Dual enhanced tube for vapor generator

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US (1) US20110083619A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2011043779A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
US20110083619A1 (en) 2011-04-14
WO2011043779A1 (en) 2011-04-14

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