WO2011029315A1 - 多媒体消息广播方法及系统 - Google Patents

多媒体消息广播方法及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011029315A1
WO2011029315A1 PCT/CN2010/072789 CN2010072789W WO2011029315A1 WO 2011029315 A1 WO2011029315 A1 WO 2011029315A1 CN 2010072789 W CN2010072789 W CN 2010072789W WO 2011029315 A1 WO2011029315 A1 WO 2011029315A1
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Prior art keywords
node
receiving end
multimedia message
next hop
end node
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PCT/CN2010/072789
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
佘坤
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Application filed by 中兴通讯股份有限公司 filed Critical 中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority to US13/392,622 priority Critical patent/US8984075B2/en
Priority to EP10814917.0A priority patent/EP2477353B1/en
Priority to ES10814917.0T priority patent/ES2514321T3/es
Publication of WO2011029315A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011029315A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02Details
    • H04L12/16Arrangements for providing special services to substations
    • H04L12/18Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
    • H04L12/1854Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast with non-centralised forwarding system, e.g. chaincast
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02Details
    • H04L12/16Arrangements for providing special services to substations
    • H04L12/18Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
    • H04L12/1886Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast with traffic restrictions for efficiency improvement, e.g. involving subnets or subdomains
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L51/00User-to-user messaging in packet-switching networks, transmitted according to store-and-forward or real-time protocols, e.g. e-mail
    • H04L51/07User-to-user messaging in packet-switching networks, transmitted according to store-and-forward or real-time protocols, e.g. e-mail characterised by the inclusion of specific contents
    • H04L51/10Multimedia information
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01Protocols
    • H04L67/10Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02Details
    • H04L12/16Arrangements for providing special services to substations
    • H04L12/18Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
    • H04L12/185Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast with management of multicast group membership

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of Internet technologies, and in particular, to a multimedia message broadcasting method and system.
  • a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network is a distributed application architecture. It is composed of a number of peer nodes. They share a part of their resources, such as processing power and network bandwidth. Nodes (including themselves) provide services. There is no server in the traditional sense on the service path of the peer-to-peer network. In addition, the peer node can dynamically join or leave the network. Therefore, the peer-to-peer network is self-organizing. Each peer node provides and enjoys services at the same time, making the peer-to-peer network very scalable and capable of serving a very large user base.
  • the distribution of service resources in the network has some redundancy, that is, the resources of one service process can come from multiple peer nodes, which also makes the peer-to-peer network not cause service defects due to single point of failure.
  • the peer-to-peer network is an application layer overlay network built on various physical networks.
  • the overlay network performs functions such as resource indexing and node discovery, and the communication content is directly sent by the following physical network (usually an IP network).
  • the peer nodes are connected by virtual links. As shown in Figure 1, these virtual links are implemented at the application layer, so they are not affected by the physical network topology such as firewall and network address translation (NAT).
  • Peer-to-peer networks can be divided into two types, structured and unstructured.
  • DHT Distributed Hash Table
  • hash table consisting of "keyword-resource value” pairs, providing a "providing keywords, returning resource values” retrieval service, the difference being the mapping of keywords and resource values for distributed hash tables. Relationships are distributed in different network nodes. All possible keywords constitute a "keyword space”, which is divided into small areas according to certain rules, and each area is responsible for a specific peer node.
  • Each peer node can act as an "application layer router” (different from Routers in the usual sense, which route IP packets, route resource access requests to the node responsible for the resource, or to the node that is "close” to the resource; this function depends on the maintenance of each peer node.
  • An application routing table (different from the IP routing table), and the application routing table establishment process is an integral part of the peer-to-peer protocol.
  • the process of resource access can be briefly described as follows:
  • the node responsible for maintaining this resource (referred to as “resource node”) is derived from the keyword; (3) find the application routing table, find the virtual connection with the resource node, or "closer” a virtual connection of another node of the resource node; and issuing a resource access request (carrying resource keyword) through the found virtual connection;
  • a non-structured peer-to-peer network has no algorithm to organize and optimize the connections between nodes. For resource location, a retrieval server is required, or a resource access request is broadcast to all known peer nodes. Compared with structured peer-to-peer networks, the main disadvantage is that broadcast floods can cause a large waste of network bandwidth. In addition, in an unstructured peer-to-peer network, a broadcast request is a “best effort” approach that does not guarantee that the request is delivered to the correct node, causing the service to fail.
  • peer-to-peer networks Due to the high scalability and fault tolerance of peer-to-peer networks, more and more Internet applications, especially multimedia applications with high resource requirements, are implemented based on peer-to-peer networks. However, there is no broadcast mechanism for multi-media messages in the current peer-to-peer network.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multimedia message broadcasting method and system for implementing a service function of a multimedia broadcast message in a structured peer-to-peer network.
  • the present invention provides a multimedia message broadcasting method, including: The broadcast source node encapsulates the multimedia content to be broadcast into a multimedia message, and sends the multimedia content to the receiving end node in the structured peer-to-peer network to establish a virtual connection with the local node; the receiving end node that receives the multimedia message forwards the multimedia message Other receiving end nodes that establish virtual connections with this node.
  • the broadcast source node encapsulates the multimedia content in an application layer datagram.
  • the application transmission protocol on the virtual connection is a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
  • the multimedia content is used by the Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension Protocol (MIME)
  • MIME Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension Protocol
  • the broadcast source node follows all the receiving end nodes in the application routing table according to a preset rule.
  • the hop is divided into a plurality of sets, each set corresponds to a next hop node; the multimedia message is copied to the same number of copies according to the total number of the divided sets, and the information of each set is carried in the multimedia message, and sent to a next hop node corresponding to each set; in the step of forwarding the multimedia message to other receiving end nodes establishing a virtual connection with the local node, after receiving the multimedia message, the receiving end node according to the set carried therein Information, if the node is the only member of the set, the multimedia message is displayed to the user of the node; if the node is not the only member of the set, the application routing table of the node is used according to the preset rule.
  • All receiving end nodes are divided into several sets according to the next hop, and according to the total number of divided sets Parts identical copy of said multimedia message, and each information of each set in the multimedia message, sent to the next hop node corresponding to each set.
  • the preset rule is as follows: if a receiving end node in the application routing table establishes a virtual connection with the local node, a new set is created for the receiving end node, and the receiving end node is added to the set; If a receiving end node does not establish a virtual connection with the local node, it searches for a next hop node that reaches the receiving end node from the local node, and determines whether a set has been created for the next hop node, and if it has been created, The receiving end node joins the set; if not yet created, it is new for the next hop node Create a collection and join the receiving node to the collection.
  • the information of each set includes: list information of the receiving end nodes in the set.
  • the list information of the receiving end node is carried by the added sub-message body in the message body of the MESSSAGE request in the MIME format.
  • the present invention provides a multimedia message broadcast system, which is applied to a structured peer-to-peer network, including a broadcast source node and a receiving end node, where the broadcast source node includes a data encapsulating module and a data sending module,
  • the receiving end node includes a data forwarding module, where: the data encapsulation is configured to: encapsulate the multimedia content to be broadcast into a multimedia message, and transmit the multimedia content to the data sending module; the data sending module is configured to: receive the multimedia message After being sent to the receiving end node that establishes a virtual connection with the local node, the data forwarding module is configured to: after receiving the multimedia message, the receiving end node forwards to other receiving end nodes that establish a virtual connection with the local node.
  • the data sending module is configured to: when the multimedia message is sent to the structured peer-to-peer network and establish a virtual receiving end node, all receiving end nodes in the application routing table are applied according to a preset rule. Dividing into a plurality of sets according to the next hop, each set corresponding to one next hop node; copying the multimedia message by the same number of copies according to the total number of the divided sets, and carrying the information of each set in the multimedia message respectively And sending the data to the next hop node corresponding to each set; the data forwarding module is configured to: after receiving the multimedia message, the receiving end node, according to the information of the set carried therein, if the local node is the only member of the set And displaying the multimedia message to the user of the node; otherwise, all the receiving end nodes in the application routing table of the node are divided into several sets according to the preset rule according to the preset rule, and according to the divided set The total number copies the multimedia message by the same number of copies, and carries each set in the
  • the data sending module and the data forwarding module use the following preset rule division set: if a receiving end node in the application routing table establishes a virtual connection with the local node, The receiving end node creates a new set and adds the receiving end node to the set; if a receiving end node does not establish a virtual connection with the local node, it searches for the next hop node that reaches the receiving end node from the local node, and determines whether A set has been created for the next hop node. If it has been created, the receiving end node is added to the set. If it has not been created, a new set is created for the next hop node, and the receiving end node is added to the set.
  • the present invention provides a node for supporting a multimedia message broadcast, which is applied to a structured peer-to-peer network, and includes a data encapsulation module and a data transmission module when the node is a broadcast source node, where:
  • the data encapsulation is configured to: encapsulate the multimedia content to be broadcast into a multimedia message, and transmit the multimedia content to the data sending module;
  • the data sending module is configured to: after receiving the multimedia message, send the receiving to the local node to establish a virtual connection End node.
  • the data sending module is configured to: when the multimedia message is sent to the structured peer-to-peer network and establish a virtual receiving end node, all receiving end nodes in the application routing table are applied according to a preset rule. Dividing into a plurality of sets according to the next hop, each set corresponding to one next hop node; copying the multimedia message by the same number of copies according to the total number of the divided sets, and carrying the information of each set in the multimedia message respectively Send to the next hop node corresponding to each set.
  • the data sending module is configured to: divide the set by a preset rule as follows: If a receiving end node in the application routing table establishes a virtual connection with the local node, create a new set for the receiving end node.
  • the node creates a set. If it has been created, the receiving end node is added to the set. If it has not been created, a new set is created for the next hop node, and the receiving end node is added to the set.
  • each peer node (including a wide range)
  • the broadcast source can forward the message at most once to ensure that all nodes receive the message.
  • the bandwidth and processing capability resources of the entire overlay network can be saved to a large extent.
  • the load can be more evenly distributed to nodes other than the broadcast source, and the broadcast source is prevented from becoming a processing bottleneck. .
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a peer-to-peer network
  • FIG. 2 is a service network architecture diagram of a multimedia message broadcast service
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a relay broadcast mode of a multimedia message
  • Encapsulation format
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a multimedia messaging system based on a structured peer to peer network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a network architecture of a service of a multimedia message broadcast service, and a peer node may be classified into a broadcast source and a receiver according to a service definition.
  • the broadcast source node 0 is responsible for generating and transmitting the multimedia message content
  • the receiving terminals 1 to 7 are responsible for receiving and forwarding the multimedia message content, and presenting the multimedia message content to the user.
  • the present invention provides a method for broadcasting a multimedia message, which uses a "relay broadcast" method to transmit a broadcast message, that is, the broadcast source node does not send the message one by one to all receiving end nodes, but sends the message.
  • Step 1 The broadcast source encapsulates the multimedia message; the broadcast source encapsulates the multimedia content to be broadcast in an application layer datagram.
  • Step 2 The broadcast source node checks the application routing table, and divides all receiving end nodes into several sets according to the next hop according to the following preset rules:
  • Rm is the only member of the new collection
  • a receiving end node (denoted as Rn) does not establish a virtual connection with the local node, it searches for the next hop node Hn from the local node to the connected Rn according to the Chord algorithm, and determines whether the next hop has been established.
  • the node Hn creates a set.
  • Step 3 The broadcast source node divides all the receiving end nodes into M sets according to the above rules (S1-SM, each set corresponds to one next hop node), and then copies the multimedia message M pieces, each copy
  • the information corresponding to the set is included, and the information may be list information of the receiving node members included in the set. For example, each one corresponds to a different receiving end list, and is attached to the node that establishes the virtual connection in the message copy. ;
  • the format of the receiving end list information included in the multimedia message includes but is not limited to: adding a sub-message body in the message body of the MIME format, and the multimedia message format thereof is as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • Step 4 When receiving the multimedia message, the receiving end node first checks the list of the receiving end nodes attached to the message. If it is the only item in the list, only the multimedia message is processed, for example, to the user of the node; If other nodes are included, the other nodes other than the receiving end node are also divided into several sets according to the records of the application routing table of the node, and the rules are the same as above; at the same time, a copy of the multimedia message is also established for each set, and the receiving end node is attached. The list is forwarded again;
  • Step 5 repeat step 4, until all receiving end nodes receive the multimedia message, the process End.
  • Chord is used as a peer-to-peer algorithm
  • the present invention is based on peer-to-peer network technology, but is not limited to a specific peer-to-peer algorithm.
  • the management of the peer-to-peer network, including the joining and leaving of the peer nodes, and the update process of the node application routing table are not the contents of the present invention, and are not described herein.
  • the present invention can be applied to the announcement of announcement information between specific groups.
  • Typical application scenarios include, but are not limited to, the following two examples:
  • the present invention is a core technology of the above application, and the implementation of the above application also involves technologies such as broadcast authorization, operator policy control, location service, etc., but these can be realized by using the prior art of the content.
  • the present invention implements broadcasting based on an overlay network, which is not affected by the network topology (for example, firewall, NAT), and has no area (network layer broadcast) compared to network layer (for example, IP) broadcast or multicast technology. It is not possible to cross three layers of network devices such as routers and gateways) and physical network type restrictions (virtual connections between peer nodes can be TCP/IP, PPP, etc.).
  • network topology for example, firewall, NAT
  • IP network layer broadcast or multicast technology. It is not possible to cross three layers of network devices such as routers and gateways) and physical network type restrictions (virtual connections between peer nodes can be TCP/IP, PPP, etc.).
  • the present invention further provides a multimedia message broadcast system based on a structured peer-to-peer network, which is applied to a structured peer-to-peer network, including a broadcast source node and a receiving end node, and the broadcast source node.
  • the method further includes a data encapsulating module and a data sending module, where the receiving end node further includes a data forwarding module, where:
  • the data encapsulation is configured to: encapsulate the multimedia content to be broadcast into a multimedia message, and transmit the multimedia content to the data sending module;
  • the data sending module is configured to: after receiving the multimedia message, send to a receiving end node that establishes a virtual connection with the local node;
  • the data forwarding module is configured to: after receiving the multimedia message, the receiving end node forwards to another receiving end node that establishes a virtual connection with the local node. Further, the data sending module is configured to: when the multimedia message is sent to the structured peer-to-peer network and the virtual receiving end node is established, all receiving end nodes in the application routing table are applied according to a preset rule. According to the next hop, it is divided into several sets, and each set corresponds to one set.
  • the data forwarding module is configured to: after receiving the multimedia message, the receiving end node displays the multimedia message to the user of the node according to the information of the set carried therein, if the node is the only member of the set; otherwise, according to The pre-set rule divides all receiving end nodes in the application routing table of the local node into a plurality of sets according to the next hop, and copies the multimedia message by the same number of copies according to the total number of the divided sets, and Each of the multimedia messages carries information of each set and is sent to a next hop node corresponding to each set.
  • the data sending module and the data forwarding module use the following preset rule division set: if a receiving end node in the application routing table establishes a virtual connection with the local node, the receiving end node is Create a new set and join the receiving end node to the set; if a receiving end node does not establish a virtual connection with the local node, look for the next hop node from the local node to the receiving end node, and determine whether it is already The next hop node creates a set. If it has been created, the receiving end node is added to the set. If it has not been created, a new set is created for the next hop node, and the receiving end node is added to the set.
  • the present invention provides a multimedia message broadcasting method and system.
  • each peer node including a broadcast source
  • each peer node can forward the message at most once, thereby ensuring All nodes receive the message.
  • the bandwidth and processing capability resources of the entire overlay network can be saved to a large extent.
  • the load can be more evenly distributed to nodes other than the broadcast source, and the broadcast source is prevented from becoming a processing bottleneck. .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种多媒体消息广播方法及系统,所述方法包括:广播源节点将待广播的多媒体内容封装为多媒体消息,发送给结构化对等网络中与本节点建立虚拟连接的接收端节点;接收到所述多媒体消息的接收端节点,将所述多媒体消息转发给与本节点建立虚拟连接的其他接收端节点。本发明能够节约整个覆盖网络的带宽和处理能力资源,而且能够使负载能够更均衡地分配到广播源以外的节点,避免广播源成为处理瓶颈。

Description

多媒体消息广播方法及系统
技术领域 本发明涉及互联网技术领域,尤其涉及一种多媒体消息广播方法及系统。
背景技术 对等网络(Peer-to-Peer, 简称 P2P )是一种分布式的应用架构, 主要由 若干对等节点组成, 它们分享自身的一部分资源, 如处理能力、 网络带宽等, 共同向所有节点 (包括自身)提供服务。 在对等网络的服务路径上没有传统 意义上的服务器, 另外, 对等节点可以动态地加入或退出网络, 因此, 对等 网络具有自组织性。 每个对等节点同时提供和享受服务, 使得对等网络具有 很好的扩展性, 可以服务十分庞大的用户群。 服务资源在网络中的分布有一 定冗余, 即一次服务流程的资源可以来自多个对等节点, 这也使得对等网络 不会因为单点故障造成服务瘫痪。 从实现而言, 对等网络是一种应用层覆盖网络(overlay network ) , 建 立在各类物理网络之上。 覆盖网络完成资源索引、 节点发现等功能, 而通讯 内容直接由下面的物理网络(通常是 IP网络)发送。 对等节点之间通过虚拟 链路连接,如图 1所示,这些虚拟链路在应用层实现, 因此不受防火墙、 NAT ( Network Address Translation, 网络地址转换)等物理网络拓朴结构的影响。 对等网络可分为结构化和非结构化两种类型。 对于结构化的对等网络, 节点之间的虚拟连接按照一定规则建立, 对资源索引进行了优化, 并且相对 固定(除非受到对等节点瘫痪、 加入或退出对等网络等事件的影响)。 例如, 分布式哈希表(Distributed Hash Table, 简称 DHT )是结构化对等网络常用 的一类资源索引算法。 它的工作原理类似由 "关键字-资源值"对组成的哈希 表, 提供 "提供关键字, 返回资源值" 的检索服务, 区别是对于分布式哈希 表, 关键字和资源值的映射关系是分布存储在不同网络节点中。 所有可能的 关键字组成 "关键字空间" , 其按照一定的规则划分为小的区域, 每个区域 由特定的对等节点负责。 每个对等节点都能充当 "应用层路由器" (区别于 通常意义上的路由器, 它们是对 IP数据包进行路由), 将资源访问请求路由 到负责该资源的节点, 或更 "靠近" 该资源的节点; 此功能依赖于每个对等 节点中维护的一张应用路由表(区别于 IP路由表), 而应用路由表的建立过 程是对等协议的一个组成部分。 综上所述, 对于结构化的对等网络, 资源访 问的流程可以简要描述如下:
(1)计算资源的关键字; 例如, 资源为文件时, 由文件名通过哈希算法计算关键字;
(2)根据对等算法, 由关键字推导出负责维护此资源的节点(简称为 "资 源节点" ) ; (3)查找应用路由表, 找到与资源节点的虚拟连接, 或者与 "更靠近" 资 源节点的另一节点的虚拟连接;并通过找到的虚拟连接发出资源访问请求(携 带资源关键字) ;
(4)收到资源访问请求的节点查看该资源是否由自己负责, 如果是, 则处 理此请求, 流程结束; 否则重复步骤 (2)-(4)。 而非结构化的对等网络则没有算法对节点之间的连接进行组织和优化。 对资源的定位, 需要借助检索服务器, 或者向所有已知的对等节点广播资源 访问请求。 相比结构化对等网络, 其主要缺点是广播洪水会造成网络带宽的 较大浪费。 此外, 在非结构化对等网络中, 广播请求是一种 "尽力而为" 的 做法, 并不能保证请求送达正确的节点, 从而会造成服务失败。 由于对等网络的高扩展性和容错性, 越来越多的互联网应用, 特别对资 源要求较高的多媒体应用基于对等网络实现。 但目前的对等网络中尚未有多 媒体消息的广播机制。
发明内容 本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种多媒体消息广播方法及系统, 在结 构化对等网络中实现多媒体广播消息的服务功能。 为了解决上述技术问题, 本发明提供一种多媒体消息广播方法, 包括: 广播源节点将待广播的多媒体内容封装为多媒体消息, 发送给结构化对 等网络中与本节点建立虚拟连接的接收端节点; 接收到所述多媒体消息的接收端节点, 将所述多媒体消息转发给与本节 点建立虚拟连接的其他接收端节点。 优选地, 在广播源节点将多媒体内容封装为多媒体消息的步骤中, 所述 广播源节点将所述多媒体内容封装在一个应用层数据报中。 优选地, 在广播源节点将多媒体内容封装为多媒体消息的步骤中, 当虚 拟连接上的应用传输协议为会话初始协议(SIP )时, 将所述多媒体内容釆用 多用途因特网邮件扩充协议( MIME )格式封装在 MESSSAGE请求的消息体 中。 优选地, 在发送给结构化对等网络中与本节点建立虚拟连接的接收端节 点的步骤中, 所述广播源节点根据预先设定的规则将应用路由表中的所有接 收端节点按照下一跳划分为若干集合, 每个集合对应一个下一跳节点; 根据 划分的集合的总个数将所述多媒体消息复制相同份数, 且在所述多媒体消息 中分别携带各集合的信息, 发送至各集合所对应的下一跳节点; 在将所述多媒体消息转发给与本节点建立虚拟连接的其他接收端节点的 步骤中,接收端节点接收到所述多媒体消息后,根据其中携带的集合的信息, 判断如果本节点是该集合中唯一成员,则将多媒体消息向本节点的用户展示; 如果本节点不是该集合中唯一成员, 按照所述预先设定的规则将本节点的应 用路由表中的所有接收端节点按照下一跳划分为若干集合, 并根据划分的集 合的总个数将所述多媒体消息复制相同份数, 且在所述多媒体消息中分别携 带各集合的信息, 发送至各集合所对应的下一跳节点。 优选地, 所述预先设定的规则如下: 如果应用路由表中的一接收端节点与本节点建立了虚拟连接, 则为该接 收端节点新建一个集合, 并将该接收端节点加入该集合; 如果一接收端节点与本节点未建立虚拟连接, 则寻找从本节点到达该接 收端节点的下一跳节点, 并判断是否已为该下一跳节点创建过集合, 如果已 创建, 则将该接收端节点加入该集合; 如果还未创建, 则为该下一跳节点新 建一个集合, 将该接收端节点加入该集合。 优选地, 所述各集合的信息包括: 该集合中的接收端节点的列表信息。 优选地, 所述接收端节点的列表信息是通过所述 MIME 格式的 MESSSAGE请求的消息体中增加的子消息体携带。 为了解决上述技术问题, 本发明提供一种多媒体消息广播系统, 应用于 结构化对等网络中, 包括广播源节点和接收端节点, 所述广播源节点包括数 据封装模块和数据发送模块, 所述接收端节点包括数据转发模块, 其中: 所述数据封装设置成: 将待广播的多媒体内容封装为多媒体消息, 传输 给所述数据发送模块; 所述数据发送模块设置成: 接收到所述多媒体消息后, 发送给与本节点 建立虚拟连接的接收端节点; 所述数据转发模块设置成: 本接收端节点接收到所述多媒体消息后, 转 发给与本节点建立虚拟连接的其他接收端节点。 优选地, 所述数据发送模块设置成: 在将所述多媒体消息发送给结构化 对等网络中与其建立虚拟的接收端节点时, 根据预先设定的规则将应用路由 表中的所有接收端节点按照下一跳划分为若干集合, 每个集合对应一个下一 跳节点; 根据划分的集合的总个数将所述多媒体消息复制相同份数, 且在所 述多媒体消息中分别携带各集合的信息 ,发送至各集合所对应的下一跳节点; 所述数据转发模块设置成: 本接收端节点接收到所述多媒体消息后, 根 据其中携带的集合的信息, 如果本节点是该集合中唯一成员, 则将多媒体消 息向本节点的用户展示; 否则, 按照所述预先设定的规则将本节点的应用路 由表中的所有接收端节点按照下一跳划分为若干集合, 并根据划分的集合的 总个数将所述多媒体消息复制相同份数, 且在所述多媒体消息中分别携带各 集合的信息, 发送至各集合所对应的下一跳节点。 优选地, 所述数据发送模块及所述数据转发模块釆用如下预先设定的规 则划分集合: 如果应用路由表中的某个接收端节点与本节点建立了虚拟连接, 则为该 接收端节点新建一个集合, 并将该接收端节点加入该集合; 如果某个接收端节点与本节点未建立虚拟连接, 则寻找从本节点到达该 接收端节点的下一跳节点, 并判断是否已为该下一跳节点创建过集合, 如果 已创建, 则将该接收端节点加入该集合; 如果还未创建, 则为该下一跳节点 新建一个集合, 将该接收端节点加入该集合。 为了解决上述技术问题, 本发明提供一种支持多媒体消息广播的节点, 应用于结构化对等网络中, 当所述节点作为广播源节点时, 包括数据封装模 块和数据发送模块, 其中: 所述数据封装设置成: 将待广播的多媒体内容封装为多媒体消息, 传输 给所述数据发送模块; 所述数据发送模块设置成: 接收到所述多媒体消息后, 发送给与本节点 建立虚拟连接的接收端节点。 优选地, 所述数据发送模块设置成: 在将所述多媒体消息发送给结构化 对等网络中与其建立虚拟的接收端节点时, 根据预先设定的规则将应用路由 表中的所有接收端节点按照下一跳划分为若干集合, 每个集合对应一个下一 跳节点; 根据划分的集合的总个数将所述多媒体消息复制相同份数, 且在所 述多媒体消息中分别携带各集合的信息 ,发送至各集合所对应的下一跳节点。 优选地,所述数据发送模块设置成: 釆用如下预先设定的规则划分集合: 如果应用路由表中的某个接收端节点与本节点建立了虚拟连接, 则为该 接收端节点新建一个集合, 并将该接收端节点加入该集合; 如果某个接收端节点与本节点未建立虚拟连接, 则寻找从本节点到达该 接收端节点的下一跳节点, 并判断是否已为该下一跳节点创建过集合, 如果 已创建, 则将该接收端节点加入该集合; 如果还未创建, 则为该下一跳节点 新建一个集合, 将该接收端节点加入该集合。
与现有技术相比, 上述实施方案至少具有如下有益效果: 通过釆用结构化对等网络的 "中继广播" 方式, 每个对等节点 (包括广 播源)最多对消息转发一次, 即可保证所有节点收到消息。 相比由广播源逐 一单播的方法, 能在很大程度上节约整个覆盖网络的带宽和处理能力资源; 另外, 使负载能够更均衡地分配到广播源以外的节点, 避免广播源成为处理 瓶颈。
附图概述 图 1为对等网络的架构图; 图 2为多媒体消息广播服务的业务网络架构图; 图 3为多媒体消息的中继广播方式的示意图; 图 4为本发明应用示例的多媒体消息的封装格式; 图 5为本发明实施例的基于结构化对等网络的多媒体消息广播系统的示 意框图。
本发明的较佳实施方式
图 2示出了多媒体消息广播服务的业务的网络架构, 对等节点按照业务 定义可分为广播源和接收端。 如图 2所示, 广播源节点 0负责产生和发送多 媒体消息内容, 接收端 1至 7则负责接收和转发多媒体消息内容, 并向用户 展现多媒体消息内容。 针对图 2的网络架构, 本发明提出了一种多媒体消息的广播方法, 釆用 "中继广播" 的方式发送广播消息, 即广播源节点不是将消息逐一发送给所 有接收端节点, 而是发送给其已建立虚拟连接的节点, 由这些节点再 "转告" 其他节点, 如此反复, 直到所有节点都收到该多媒体消息。 其中, 多媒体消 息除消息内容除文本外, 还可以包含音频片段、 图片、 动画等媒体形式。 以下将结合附图和具体的实施例对本发明技术方案的实施作进一步详细 阐述。 如图 3所示, 当某个对等节点作为广播源, 向所有接收端广播一条多媒 体消息时, 其处理流程包括如下步骤: 步骤 1 , 广播源封装多媒体消息; 广播源将待广播的多媒体内容封装在一个应用层数据报中。 例如虚拟连 接上的应用传输协议为 SIP ( Session Initiation Protocol, 会话初始协议) 时, 多种媒体的数据可以通过 MIME ( Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions,多用 途因特网邮件扩充协议)格式封装在 MESSSAGE请求的消息体中。 但本发明不局限于 SIP协议, 对于其他应用传输协议同样适用。 步骤 2, 广播源节点检查应用路由表, 根据以下预先设定的规则将所有 接收端节点按照下一跳划分为若干集合:
(1) 若某个接收端节点(记为 Rm )与本节点建立了虚拟连接 (即该接收 端在路由表中有对应的路由项) , 则为 Rm新建一个集合(记为 Sm )并且
Rm是新建集合的惟一成员;
(2) 若某个接收端节点 (记为 Rn ) 与本节点未建立虚拟连接, 则按照 Chord算法寻找从本节点到达该接 Rn的下一跳节点 Hn, 并判断是否已为该 下一跳节点 Hn创建过集合, 如果已为 Hn建立一个集合(记为 Sn ) , 则将 该接收端节点 Rn加入该集合 Sn; 如果还未创建, 则为 Hn建立一个集合(记 为 Sn )并且将 Rn加入该集合; 步骤 3 , 广播源节点将所有接收端节点按照上述规则划分为 M个集合 ( S1-SM, 每个集合对应一个下一跳节点)后, 将多媒体消息复制 M份, 每 一份中附带对应集合的信息, 该信息可以是集合中包含的接收端节点成员的 列表信息, 例如, 每一份都对应一个不同的接收端列表, 附带在消息拷贝中 发给建立了虚拟相连的节点;
其中, 多媒体消息中附带的接收端列表信息的格式包括但不限于: 在 MIME格式的消息体中增加一个子消息体,其多媒体消息格式如图 4中所示。 步骤 4, 接收端节点在收到多媒体消息时, 先检查消息附带的接收端节 点列表, 若自身是列表中的惟一项, 仅对多媒体消息进行处理, 例如向本节 点的用户展示; 若列表中还包含其他节点, 则将本接收端节点以外的其他节 点也按照本节点应用路由表的记录划分为若干集合, 规则同上; 同时, 也为 每个集合建立多媒体消息的拷贝 , 并附带接收端节点列表再次转发;
步骤 5, 重复步骤 4, 直到所有接收端节点都接收到此多媒体消息, 流程 结束。
在此方案中, 釆用 Chord作为对等算法, 本发明基于对等网络技术, 但 不局限于具体的对等算法。 另外, 对等网络的管理, 包括对等节点的加入、 离开, 以及节点应用路由表的更新过程不是本发明所关注的内容, 此处不再 赘述。
本发明可应用于特定群体间的公告信息发布, 典型的应用场景包括但不 限于以下两例:
1 小区物业用于向小区居民广播停水、 停电、 检修等通知信息;
2 商场商家向顾客广播商品折扣信息, 等。
本发明是上述应用的核心技术, 实现上述应用还涉及广播授权、 运营商 策略控制、 位置服务等技术, 但这些利用内容已有技术即可实现。
综上所述, 本发明基于覆盖网络实现广播, 相比网络层(例如, IP )广 播或组播技术, 具有不受网络拓朴结构 (例如, 防火墙、 NAT )影响, 没有 地域(网络层广播无法跨越路由器、 网关等三层网络设备) 以及物理网络类 型限制 (对等节点之间的虚拟连接可以 TCP/IP、 PPP等) 的优点。
此外, 如图 5所示, 本发明还提供了一种基于结构化对等网络的多媒体 消息广播系统, 应用于结构化对等网络中, 包括广播源节点和接收端节点, 所述广播源节点进一步包括数据封装模块和数据发送模块, 所述接收端节点 进一步包括数据转发模块, 其中:
所述数据封装设置成: 将待广播的多媒体内容封装为多媒体消息, 传输 给所述数据发送模块;
所述数据发送模块设置成: 接收到所述多媒体消息后, 发送给与本节点 建立虚拟连接的接收端节点;
所述数据转发模块设置成: 本接收端节点接收到所述多媒体消息后, 转 发给与本节点建立虚拟连接的其他接收端节点。 进一步地, 所述数据发送模块设置成: 在将所述多媒体消息发送给结构 化对等网络中与其建立虚拟的接收端节点时, 根据预先设定的规则将应用路 由表中的所有接收端节点按照下一跳划分为若干集合, 每个集合对应一个下 一跳节点; 根据划分的集合的总个数将所述多媒体消息复制相同份数, 且在 所述多媒体消息中分别携带各集合的信息 , 发送至各集合所对应的下一跳节 点; 所述数据转发模块设置成: 本接收端节点接收到所述多媒体消息后, 根 据其中携带的集合的信息, 如果本节点是该集合中唯一成员, 则将多媒体消 息向本节点的用户展示; 否则, 按照所述预先设定的规则将本节点的应用路 由表中的所有接收端节点按照下一跳划分为若干集合, 并根据划分的集合的 总个数将所述多媒体消息复制相同份数, 且在所述多媒体消息中分别携带各 集合的信息, 发送至各集合所对应的下一跳节点。 进一步地, 所述数据发送模块及所述数据转发模块釆用如下预先设定的 规则划分集合: 如果应用路由表中的某个接收端节点与本节点建立了虚拟连接, 则为该 接收端节点新建一个集合, 并将该接收端节点加入该集合; 如果某个接收端节点与本节点未建立虚拟连接, 则寻找从本节点到达该 接收端节点的下一跳节点, 并判断是否已为该下一跳节点创建过集合, 如果 已创建, 则将该接收端节点加入该集合; 如果还未创建, 则为该下一跳节点 新建一个集合, 将该接收端节点加入该集合。
尽管本发明结合特定实施例进行了描述, 但是对于本领域的技术人员来 说, 可以在不背离本发明的精神或范围的情况下进行修改和变化。 这样的修 改和变化被视作在本发明的范围和附加的权利要求书范围之内。
工业实用性 本发明提供一种多媒体消息广播方法及系统, 通过釆用结构化对等网络 的 "中继广播" 方式, 每个对等节点 (包括广播源)最多对消息转发一次, 即可保证所有节点收到消息。 相比由广播源逐一单播的方法, 能在很大程度 上节约整个覆盖网络的带宽和处理能力资源; 另外, 使负载能够更均衡地分 配到广播源以外的节点, 避免广播源成为处理瓶颈。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种多媒体消息广播方法, 包括: 广播源节点将待广播的多媒体内容封装为多媒体消息, 发送给结构化对 等网络中与本节点建立虚拟连接的接收端节点; 接收到所述多媒体消息的接收端节点, 将所述多媒体消息转发给与本节 点建立虚拟连接的其他接收端节点。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中: 在广播源节点将多媒体内容封装为多媒体消息的步骤中, 所述广播源节 点将所述多媒体内容封装在一个应用层数据报中。
3、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 其中: 在广播源节点将多媒体内容封装为多媒体消息的步骤中, 当虚拟连接上 的应用传输协议为会话初始协议(SIP )时, 将所述多媒体内容釆用多用途因 特网邮件扩充协议(MIME )格式封装在 MESSSAGE请求的消息体中。
4、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 其中: 在发送给结构化对等网络中与本节点建立虚拟连接的接收端节点的步骤 按照下一跳划分为若干集合, 每个集合对应一个下一跳节点; 根据划分的集 合的总个数将所述多媒体消息复制相同份数, 且在所述多媒体消息中分别携 带各集合的信息, 发送至各集合所对应的下一跳节点; 在将所述多媒体消息转发给与本节点建立虚拟连接的其他接收端节点的 步骤中,接收端节点接收到所述多媒体消息后,根据其中携带的集合的信息, 判断如果本节点是该集合中唯一成员,则将多媒体消息向本节点的用户展示; 如果本节点不是该集合中唯一成员, 按照所述预先设定的规则将本节点的应 用路由表中的所有接收端节点按照下一跳划分为若干集合, 并根据划分的集 合的总个数将所述多媒体消息复制相同份数, 且在所述多媒体消息中分别携 带各集合的信息, 发送至各集合所对应的下一跳节点。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的方法, 其中: 所述预先设定的规则如下: 如果应用路由表中的一接收端节点与本节点建立了虚拟连接, 则为该接 收端节点新建一个集合, 并将该接收端节点加入该集合; 如果一接收端节点与本节点未建立虚拟连接, 则寻找从本节点到达该接 收端节点的下一跳节点, 并判断是否已为该下一跳节点创建过集合, 如果已 创建, 则将该接收端节点加入该集合; 如果还未创建, 则为该下一跳节点新 建一个集合, 将该接收端节点加入该集合。
6、 如权利要求 4所述的方法, 其中: 所述各集合的信息包括: 该集合中的接收端节点的列表信息。
7、 如权利要求 6所述的方法, 其中: 所述接收端节点的列表信息是通过所述 MIME格式的 MESSSAGE请求 的消息体中增加的子消息体携带。
8、一种多媒体消息广播系统,应用于结构化对等网络中, 包括广播源节 点和接收端节点, 所述广播源节点包括数据封装模块和数据发送模块, 所述 接收端节点包括数据转发模块, 其中: 所述数据封装设置成: 将待广播的多媒体内容封装为多媒体消息, 传输 给所述数据发送模块; 所述数据发送模块设置成: 接收到所述多媒体消息后, 发送给与本节点 建立虚拟连接的接收端节点; 所述数据转发模块设置成: 本接收端节点接收到所述多媒体消息后, 转 发给与本节点建立虚拟连接的其他接收端节点。
9、 如权利要求 8所述的系统, 其中: 所述数据发送模块设置成: 在将所述多媒体消息发送给结构化对等网络 中与其建立虚拟的接收端节点时, 根据预先设定的规则将应用路由表中的所 有接收端节点按照下一跳划分为若干集合, 每个集合对应一个下一跳节点; 根据划分的集合的总个数将所述多媒体消息复制相同份数, 且在所述多媒体 消息中分别携带各集合的信息, 发送至各集合所对应的下一跳节点; 所述数据转发模块设置成: 本接收端节点接收到所述多媒体消息后, 根 据其中携带的集合的信息, 如果本节点是该集合中唯一成员, 则将多媒体消 息向本节点的用户展示; 否则, 按照所述预先设定的规则将本节点的应用路 由表中的所有接收端节点按照下一跳划分为若干集合, 并根据划分的集合的 总个数将所述多媒体消息复制相同份数, 且在所述多媒体消息中分别携带各 集合的信息, 发送至各集合所对应的下一跳节点。
10、 如权利要求 9所述的系统, 其中: 所述数据发送模块及所述数据转发模块釆用如下预先设定的规则划分集 合: 如果应用路由表中的某个接收端节点与本节点建立了虚拟连接, 则为该 接收端节点新建一个集合, 并将该接收端节点加入该集合; 如果某个接收端节点与本节点未建立虚拟连接, 则寻找从本节点到达该 接收端节点的下一跳节点, 并判断是否已为该下一跳节点创建过集合, 如果 已创建, 则将该接收端节点加入该集合; 如果还未创建, 则为该下一跳节点 新建一个集合, 将该接收端节点加入该集合。
11、 一种支持多媒体消息广播的节点, 应用于结构化对等网络中, 当所 述节点作为广播源节点时, 包括数据封装模块和数据发送模块, 其中: 所述数据封装设置成: 将待广播的多媒体内容封装为多媒体消息, 传输 给所述数据发送模块; 所述数据发送模块设置成: 接收到所述多媒体消息后, 发送给与本节点 建立虚拟连接的接收端节点。
12、 如权利要求 11所述的节点, 其中: 所述数据发送模块设置成: 在将所述多媒体消息发送给结构化对等网络 中与其建立虚拟的接收端节点时, 根据预先设定的规则将应用路由表中的所 有接收端节点按照下一跳划分为若干集合, 每个集合对应一个下一跳节点; 根据划分的集合的总个数将所述多媒体消息复制相同份数, 且在所述多媒体 消息中分别携带各集合的信息, 发送至各集合所对应的下一跳节点。
13、 如权利要求 12所述的节点, 其中: 所述数据发送模块设置成: 釆用如下预先设定的规则划分集合: 如果应用路由表中的某个接收端节点与本节点建立了虚拟连接, 则为该 接收端节点新建一个集合, 并将该接收端节点加入该集合; 如果某个接收端节点与本节点未建立虚拟连接, 则寻找从本节点到达该 接收端节点的下一跳节点, 并判断是否已为该下一跳节点创建过集合, 如果 已创建, 则将该接收端节点加入该集合; 如果还未创建, 则为该下一跳节点 新建一个集合, 将该接收端节点加入该集合。
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