WO2011015004A1 - 同轴内外线圈电动机 - Google Patents

同轴内外线圈电动机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011015004A1
WO2011015004A1 PCT/CN2009/075220 CN2009075220W WO2011015004A1 WO 2011015004 A1 WO2011015004 A1 WO 2011015004A1 CN 2009075220 W CN2009075220 W CN 2009075220W WO 2011015004 A1 WO2011015004 A1 WO 2011015004A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stator coil
permanent magnet
disposed
coil
outer casing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2009/075220
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李月亮
Original Assignee
东莞洲亮通讯科技有限公司
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Filing date
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Application filed by 东莞洲亮通讯科技有限公司 filed Critical 东莞洲亮通讯科技有限公司
Publication of WO2011015004A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011015004A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K16/00Machines with more than one rotor or stator
    • H02K16/04Machines with one rotor and two stators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2753Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
    • H02K1/278Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/14Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/22Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating around the armatures, e.g. flywheel magnetos

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of electric motors, and in particular to a coaxial inner and outer coil motor.
  • the present invention is based on a Chinese Patent Application No. 200910041590.1, filed on Jan. 3, 2009, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference. Background technique:
  • Electric motors also called motors. If they are classified according to working power, they can be divided into DC motors and AC motors. According to the structure and working principle, they can be divided into asynchronous motors and synchronous motors. Synchronous motors can also be divided into permanent magnets.
  • An electric motor is a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. Electric motors are widely used in machinery, metallurgy, petroleum, electric vehicles, coal, chemical, aerospace, transportation, agriculture, and various other industries. As the degree of industrial automation continues to increase, a variety of control motors are required as components of the automation system, in the automatic control system of satellites, The electric motor is also indispensable. In addition, electric motors are becoming more and more widely used in national defense, culture, education, medical care and daily life.
  • the motor is mainly composed of two parts: the fixed part is called the stator, and the rotating part is called the rotor.
  • the working principle of the motor is based on the laws of electromagnetic induction, the Ohm's law of the whole circuit, and the law of electromagnetic force.
  • the magnetic pole rotates in the clockwise direction
  • the magnetic flux of the magnetic pole cuts the rotor bar
  • the electromotive force is induced in the guide bar.
  • the direction of the electromotive force is determined by the right hand rule. Since the motion is relative, if the pole is not moving and the rotor bar rotates in the counterclockwise direction, the electromotive force can also be induced in the bar.
  • a current is generated in the closed bar. This current interacts with the magnetic field of the rotating magnetic pole, and the rotor bar is subjected to electromagnetic force, and the direction of the electromagnetic force can be determined by the left hand rule.
  • the electromagnetic force generates electromagnetic torque, and the rotor rotates.
  • the stator is a winding coil
  • the rotor is a permanent magnet.
  • Excitation is provided by a rotor permanent magnet that produces a rotating magnetic field.
  • the armature magnetic potential and the rotor magnetic potential work together to generate electromagnetic torque. If the two magnetic fields are always vertical, the resulting electromagnetic torque is maximum. Since the rotor is rotating and its magnetic field direction is also rotating, it is necessary to change the stator magnetic field to be substantially perpendicular to the rotor magnetic field by controlling the energization sequence of the stator so that the rotor obtains a continuous rotational motion.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a coaxial inner and outer coil electric motor for the deficiencies of the prior art.
  • the motor has a large torque output, and the energy saving effect is ideal, and the application range is wide.
  • the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a coaxial inner and outer coil motor including a main shaft and a motor, the motor including a housing, a permanent magnet rotor, and an outer stator coil having opposite polarities and having a steel silicon wafer and
  • the inner stator coil is disposed in the inner wall groove of the outer casing, the permanent magnet rotor is disposed in the outer stator coil, and the inner stator coil is coaxially disposed in the inner wall of the permanent magnet rotor;
  • the main shaft is disposed in the inner stator coil, and the two ends of the main shaft
  • the bearing is connected to the outer casing, and the main shaft is fixedly connected to the permanent magnet rotor.
  • the steel silicon wafer of the outer stator coil and the steel silicon wafer of the inner stator coil are offset or co-positioned with each other.
  • the outer casing includes a left outer casing coil including a left outer outer stator coil and a right outer outer stator coil, and the inner stator coil includes a left end inner stator coil and a right end inner stator coil; the left outer outer stator coil is disposed at In the inner wall groove of the left outer casing, the outer stator coil of the right left end is disposed in the inner wall groove of the right outer casing; the left end of the permanent magnet rotor is disposed at the left outer stator coil, and the right end of the permanent magnet rotor is disposed at the right outer stator coil; the left inner stator coil is coaxially disposed.
  • the right inner stator coil is coaxially disposed in the inner wall of the right end of the permanent magnet rotor; the left end of the left outer casing is provided with a left end cover, and the right end of the right outer casing is provided with a right end cover, and the left outer casing and the right outer casing are connected
  • the outer casing is connected to the disk; the main shaft is disposed in the left inner stator coil and the right inner stator coil, the left end of the main shaft is connected to the left end cover through a bearing, and the right end of the main shaft is connected to the right end cover through a bearing.
  • the permanent magnet rotor includes a magnet fixing sleeve, a plurality of left permanent magnet blocks and a right permanent magnet block; the magnet fixing sleeve is fixedly connected with the main shaft, and a plurality of left permanent magnet blocks are disposed at a left end of the magnet fixing sleeve and form a left-side inner stator coil Space, several right permanent magnets The block is disposed at the right end of the magnet fixing sleeve and forms a space for accommodating the stator coil in the right end.
  • the permanent magnet rotor further includes a magnet locking ring, and the left permanent magnet block and the right permanent magnet block are both locked on the magnet fixing sleeve by a magnet locking ring.
  • the left permanent magnet block and the right permanent magnet block are symmetrically disposed or asymmetrically disposed.
  • the number of the left permanent magnet block and the right permanent magnet block is the same and the number is plural.
  • the number of the motors is one.
  • the number of the motors is at least two, and are all coaxially disposed on the main shaft.
  • the outer circumferential surface and the inner circumferential surface of the left outer casing are provided with a plurality of fin slots or water cooling tubes; and the outer circumferential surface and the inner circumferential surface of the right outer casing are provided with a plurality of fin slots or water cooling tubes.
  • the present invention comprises a main shaft and a motor, the motor comprising a casing, a permanent magnet rotor, and an outer stator coil and an inner stator coil having opposite polarities and provided with a steel silicon wafer, and the outer stator coil is disposed on the inner wall groove of the outer casing
  • the permanent magnet rotor is disposed in the outer stator coil
  • the inner stator coil is coaxially disposed in the inner wall of the permanent magnet rotor
  • the main shaft is disposed in the inner stator coil
  • the two ends of the main shaft are connected to the outer casing through the bearing, and the main shaft and the permanent magnet rotor Fixed connection; in the motor of this structure, when the outer stator coil and the inner stator coil are simultaneously energized, the SN pole of the permanent magnet rotor can be maximized, and both the outer side and the inner side of the permanent magnet rotor can function, therefore,
  • the invention has a large output torque; the invention also adopts a structure of inner and outer stator coils
  • the permanent magnet rotor of the present invention is fixed by a magnet, and is respectively disposed on the magnet.
  • the left permanent magnet block and the right permanent magnet block are arranged at the left end and the right end, and the left permanent magnet block and the right permanent magnet block can be symmetrically arranged or asymmetrically arranged.
  • This structure makes the left and right ends of the permanent magnet rotor different.
  • the angle setting is such that there is no dead angle when the motor turns one revolution.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of the outer casing of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is another exploded schematic view of the present invention. detailed description
  • a coaxial inner and outer coil motor includes a main shaft 1 and a motor, the motor including a casing 2, a permanent magnet rotor 3, and an outer stator coil 4 having opposite polarities and provided with a steel silicon wafer and The inner stator coil 5; the outer stator coil 4 is disposed in the inner wall groove of the outer casing 2, the permanent magnet rotor 3 is disposed in the outer stator coil 4, and the inner stator coil 5 is coaxially disposed in the inner wall of the permanent magnet rotor 3; The inner stator coil 5 is disposed, and both ends of the main shaft 1 are connected to the outer casing 2 through bearings, and the main shaft 1 is fixedly coupled to the permanent magnet rotor 3.
  • the steel silicon wafer of the outer stator coil 4 and the steel silicon wafer of the inner stator coil 5 are mutually offset or co-located; if the misaligned structure is adopted, the torque of the motor can be effectively increased, so that the motor has a large output torque.
  • the number of motors may be one or at least two, and when there are at least two motors, the motors are coaxially disposed on the main shaft 1.
  • a coaxial inner and outer coil motor is provided for four motors.
  • the outer casing 2 of such a coaxial inner and outer coil motor includes a left outer casing 21 and a right outer casing 22, and the outer stator coil 4 includes a left outer stator coil 41 and a right outer stator coil 42, and the inner stator coil 5 includes a left inner stator coil 51.
  • the left outer stator coil 41 is disposed in the inner wall groove of the left outer casing 21, and the right left outer stator coil 42 is respectively disposed in the inner wall groove of the right outer casing 22;
  • the left end of the permanent magnet rotor 3 is disposed at the inner end
  • the left outer stator coil 41, the right end of the permanent magnet rotor 3 is disposed at the right outer stator coil 42;
  • the left inner stator coil 51 is disposed in the inner wall of the left end of the permanent magnet rotor 3, and the right inner stator coil 52 is disposed on the permanent magnet rotor 3.
  • the right end inner wall is connected; the outer casing connecting plate 9 is connected between the left outer casing 21 and the right outer casing 22, the left end cover 71 is provided at the left end of the leftmost left outer casing 21, and the right end cover 72 is provided at the right end of the rightmost right outer casing 22;
  • the main shaft 1 is disposed through the left inner stator coil 51 and the right inner stator coil 52, and the left end of the main shaft 1 is connected to the left end cover 71 through a bearing. 1 through a bearing 72 connected to the right end of the right end cap.
  • the eight stator coils of the four motors simultaneously act on the permanent magnet rotor 3, so that the present invention has a large output torque, and can also selectively control the energization of one to eight stator coils according to the required output torque, thereby obtaining different The output torque and the effect of saving power.
  • the coaxial inner and outer coil motor is provided with four motors
  • the permanent magnet rotor 3 includes a magnet fixing sleeve 8, a plurality of left permanent magnet blocks 31 and a right permanent magnet block 32;
  • the sleeve 8 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 1, and a plurality of left permanent magnet blocks 31 are disposed at the left end of the magnet fixing sleeve 8 and form an empty space for housing the stator coil 51 in the left end.
  • a plurality of right permanent magnet blocks 32 are disposed at the right end of the magnet fixing sleeve 51 and form a space for accommodating the right inner stator coil 52; the permanent magnet rotor 3 further includes a magnet locking ring 6, a left permanent magnet block 31 and a right permanent magnet The blocks 32 are all locked on the magnet fixing sleeve 8 by the magnet locking ring 6; the left permanent magnet block 31 and the right permanent magnet block 32 are symmetrically arranged or asymmetrically arranged; with this structure, the permanent magnet rotor 3 is left and right.
  • the two ends can be arranged at different angles of the magnet block to achieve the characteristic that there is no dead angle when the motor turns one turn.
  • the number of the left permanent magnet block 31 and the right permanent magnet block 32 is the same and the number is plural.
  • the number of the left permanent magnet block 31 and the right permanent magnet block 32 may be 36, which are symmetrically distributed in the permanent magnet rotor 3, respectively.
  • the outer circumferential surface and the inner circumferential surface of the left outer casing 21 are provided with a plurality of fin slots or water cooling tubes
  • the outer circumferential surface and the inner circumferential surface of the right outer casing 22 are provided with a plurality of fin slots or water cooling tubes.
  • the structure is beneficial for discharging heat generated by the motor during operation and prolonging the service life of the motor.
  • the above is the structure of the coaxial inner-outer coil motor in which four motors are provided, and the structural principle of the coaxial inner-outer coil motor in which at least two motors are provided is the same.
  • the number of motors of the present invention may be two or more, and two or more motors are coaxially disposed at both ends of the main shaft 1, respectively. Set the number of permanent magnets for each motor as needed so that the two motors have different functions.
  • the eight stator coils of the four motors work simultaneously to provide a large starting torque; during operation, only four of the stator coils or two stator coils can be operated as needed, which can effectively save energy.
  • the coaxial inner and outer coil motor further includes a battery pack that is charged by the stator coil of the motor and provides reverse magnetic braking.
  • the rotary motion of the stator coil can charge the battery pack, and when the battery pack is discharged, it can act as a diamagnetic brake to the motor.
  • the present invention makes full use of the SN pole of the permanent magnet rotor 3.
  • both the inner and outer surfaces of the permanent magnet rotor 3 can simultaneously function to maximize the SN pole of the permanent magnet rotor 3. Effectiveness.
  • the power of each set of outer stator coil 4 and inner stator coil 5 can be independently controlled to achieve the effect of saving electric energy.
  • the battery pack provides the anti-magnetic force immediately, so that the invention stops the movement immediately, and then uses the brake pad for friction braking after stopping, thereby reducing environmental pollution and noise pollution.
  • the power supply is pulsed, such as adjusting the time from zero seconds to one second, and adjusting the voltage from 0 volts to 220 volts. Independent control can be achieved from 0 HZ to 200KHZ.
  • the invention can be applied to products such as automobiles and ships, and has a wide application range.
  • the invention can be widely applied to industrial manufacturing, and the application of the invention can produce greater economic benefits.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)

Description

说 明 书
同轴内外线圈电动机
技术领域:
本发明涉及电动机技术领域, 尤其涉及同轴内外线圈电动机。本 发明基于申请日 2009年 8月 3日的、 申请号为 200910041590.1的中 国发明专利申请, 上述专利申请的内容作为参考引入本文。 背景技术:
电动机(又称马达) 的种类繁多, 如果按工作电源分类, 可分为 直流电动机和交流电动机; 按结构及工作原理分类, 可分为异步电动 机和同步电动机, 其中同步电动机还可分为永磁同步电动机、磁阻同 步电动机和磁滞同步电动机; 按起动与运行方式分类, 可分为电容起 动式电动机、 电容起动运转式电动机和分相式电动机; 按用途分类, 可分为驱动用电动机和控制用电动机; 按转子的结构分类, 可分为笼 型感应电动机和绕线转子感应电动机; 按运转速度分类, 可分为高速 电动机、 低速电动机、 恒速电动机、 调速电动机。
电动机是把电能转换成机械能的设备。 在机械、 冶金、 石油、 电 动车、 煤炭、 化学、 航空、 交通、 农业以及其他各种工业中, 电动机 被广泛地应用着。随着工业自动化程度不断提高, 需要采用各种各样 的控制电动机作为自动化系统的元件, 人造卫星的自动控制系统中, 电动机也是不可缺少的。此外在国防、 文教、 医疗及日常生活中电动 机也愈来愈广泛地应用起来。
一般电动机主要由两部分组成: 固定部分称为定子, 旋转部分称 为转子。电动机的工作原理是建立在电磁感应定律、全电路欧姆定律、 和电磁力定律等基础上的。 当磁极沿顺时针方向旋转时, 磁极的磁力 线切割转子导条, 导条中就感应出电动势。 电动势的方向由右手定则 来确定。 因为运动是相对的, 假如磁极不动, 转子导条沿逆时针方向 旋转, 则导条中同样也能感应出电动势来。在电动势的作用下, 闭合 的导条中就产生电流。 该电流与旋转磁极的磁场相互作用,而使转子 导条受到电磁力, 电磁力的方向可用左手定则确定。 由电磁力进而产 生电磁转矩, 转子就转动起来
现有的一种电动机, 其定子为绕组线圈, 转子为永磁体。励磁由 转子永磁体提供, 定子产生旋转磁场。 电枢磁势和转子磁势共同作用 产生电磁转矩。 如果两个磁场始终垂直, 则产生的电磁转矩为最大。 由于转子是转动的, 其磁场方向也是旋转的, 因此必须通过控制定子 的通电顺序来改变定子磁场使其与转子磁场基本垂直,从而使得转子 获得连续的旋转运动。然而这种永磁电动机, 其只采用一组定子线圈 与转子永磁体的外侧磁场相互作用,没有利用转子永磁体的内侧磁场, 因此, 输出的转矩不够大, 节能效果不够理想, 限制了应用范围。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的不足,提供同轴内外线圈电动 机, 这种电动机输出的转矩较大, 节能效果较理想, 应用范围较广。 为实现上述目的, 本发明通过以下技术方案实现: 同轴内外线圈 电动机, 它包括主轴和马达, 所述马达包括外壳、 永久磁铁转子, 以 及极性相反并设有钢硅片的外定子线圈和内定子线圈;外定子线圈设 置在外壳内壁槽内, 永久磁铁转子穿设于外定子线圈, 内定子线圈同 轴设置在永久磁铁转子内壁内; 所述主轴穿设于内定子线圈, 主轴两 端通过轴承与外壳连接, 且主轴与永久磁铁转子固定连接。
所述外定子线圈的钢硅片与内定子线圈的钢硅片相互错位或同 位设置。
所述外壳包括左外壳和右外壳,所述外定子线圈包括左端外定子 线圈和右端外定子线圈,所述内定子线圈包括左端内定子线圈和右端 内定子线圈; 所述左端外定子线圈设置在左外壳内壁槽内, 右左端外 定子线圈设置在右外壳内壁槽内;永久磁铁转子左端穿设于左端外定 子线圈, 永久磁铁转子右端穿设于右端外定子线圈; 左端内定子线圈 同轴设置在永久磁铁转子左端内壁内,右端内定子线圈同轴设置在永 久磁铁转子右端内壁内; 左外壳的左端设有左端盖, 右外壳的右端设 有右端盖, 左外壳和右外壳之间连接有外壳连接盘; 所述主轴穿设于 左端内定子线圈和右端内定子线圈,主轴左端通过轴承与左端盖连接, 主轴右端通过轴承与右端盖连接。
所述永久磁铁转子包括磁铁固定套、若干左永久磁铁块和右永久 磁铁块; 所述磁铁固定套与主轴固定连接, 若干左永久磁铁块设置在 磁铁固定套左端并形成容置左端内定子线圈的空间,若干右永久磁铁 块设置在磁铁固定套右端并形成容置右端内定子线圈的空间。
所述永久磁铁转子还包括磁铁锁紧圈,左永久磁铁块和右永久磁 铁块均通过磁铁锁紧圈锁紧设置在磁铁固定套上。
所述左永久磁铁块和右永久磁铁块对称设置或不对称设置。
所述左永久磁铁块与右永久磁铁块的数量相同且数量为复数。 所述马达的数量为 1个。
所述马达的数量为至少两个, 均同轴设在主轴上。
所述左外壳的外圆周面和内圆周面设有若干散热片槽或水冷却 管;所述右外壳的外圆周面和内圆周面设有若干散热片槽或水冷却管。
本发明有益效果为:本发明包括主轴和马达,所述马达包括外壳、 永久磁铁转子,以及极性相反并设有钢硅片的外定子线圈和内定子线 圈, 外定子线圈设置在外壳内壁槽内, 永久磁铁转子穿设于外定子线 圈, 内定子线圈同轴设置在永久磁铁转子内壁内, 所述主轴穿设于内 定子线圈, 主轴两端通过轴承与外壳连接, 且主轴与永久磁铁转子固 定连接; 采用这种结构的电动机, 当外定子线圈和内定子线圈同时通 电时, 可将永久磁铁转子的 S-N极发挥到最大效力, 永久磁铁转子的 外侧和内侧两面都可发挥功能, 因此, 本发明具有较大的输出转矩; 本发明还采用永久磁铁转子左右两端各带内外定子线圈的结构,多个 定子线圈同时作用于永久磁铁转子,使得本发明具有较大的输出转矩, 而且还可以根据需要的输出转矩,选择控制一至多个定子线圈的通电, 从而获得不同的输出转矩;
而本发明的永久磁铁转子由磁铁固定套,以及分别设置在磁铁固 定套左端和右端的左永久磁铁块和右永久磁铁块组成,左永久磁铁块 和右永久磁铁块之间可对称设置, 也可不对称设置, 这种结构使得永 久磁铁转子左右两端可作不同角度的设置,达到马达转一周转时没有 死角的特点。 附图说明
图 1为本发明的结构示意图;
图 2为本发明的分解示意图;
图 3为本发明外壳的分解示意图;
图 4为本发明的另一分解示意图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的说明:
如图 1至图 4所示,同轴内外线圈电动机,它包括主轴 1和马达, 所述马达包括外壳 2、 永久磁铁转子 3, 以及极性相反并设有钢硅片 的外定子线圈 4和内定子线圈 5 ; 外定子线圈 4设置在外壳 2内壁槽 内, 永久磁铁转子 3穿设于外定子线圈 4内, 内定子线圈 5同轴设置 在永久磁铁转子 3内壁内; 所述主轴 1穿设于内定子线圈 5, 主轴 1 两端通过轴承与外壳 2连接, 且主轴 1与永久磁铁转子 3固定连接。 所述外定子线圈 4的钢硅片与内定子线圈 5的钢硅片相互错位或同位 设置; 如果采用错位的结构, 可有效增加电动机的扭力, 从而使电动 机具有较大的输出转矩。 本发明所述同轴内外线圈电动机, 其马达的数量可以为 1个, 也 可以为至少两个, 当为至少两个马达时, 马达均同轴设在主轴 1上。
如图 2至图 4所示, 为设置四个马达的同轴内外线圈电动机。这 种同轴内外线圈电动机的外壳 2包括左外壳 21和右外壳 22, 所述外 定子线圈 4包括左端外定子线圈 41和右端外定子线圈 42, 所述内定 子线圈 5包括左端内定子线圈 51和右端内定子线圈 52; 所述左端外 定子线圈 41设置分别在左外壳 21 内壁槽内, 右左端外定子线圈 42 分别设置在右外壳 22内壁槽内; 永久磁铁转子 3左端穿设于所述左 端外定子线圈 41, 永久磁铁转子 3右端穿设于所述右端外定子线圈 42; 左端内定子线圈 51均设置在永久磁铁转子 3左端内壁内, 右端 内定子线圈 52均设置在永久磁铁转子 3右端内壁内;左外壳 21和右 外壳 22之间连接有外壳连接盘 9, 最左边的左外壳 21的左端设有左 端盖 71, 最右边的右外壳 22的右端设有右端盖 72; 所述主轴 1穿设 于所述左端内定子线圈 51和右端内定子线圈 52, 主轴 1左端通过轴 承与左端盖 71连接, 主轴 1右端通过轴承与右端盖 72连接。 四个马 达的八个定子线圈同时作用于永久磁铁转子 3, 使得本发明具有较大 的输出转矩, 而且还可以根据需要的输出转矩, 选择控制一至八个定 子线圈的通电, 从而获得不同的输出转矩及具有省电的效果。
如图 2至图 4所示, 这种设置四个马达的同轴内外线圈电动机, 其永久磁铁转子 3包括磁铁固定套 8、 若干左永久磁铁块 31和右永 久磁铁块 32; 所述磁铁固定套 8与主轴 1固定连接, 若干左永久磁 铁块 31设置在磁铁固定套 8左端并形成容置左端内定子线圈 51的空 间,若干右永久磁铁块 32设置在磁铁固定套 51右端并形成容置右端 内定子线圈 52的空间; 所述永久磁铁转子 3还包括磁铁锁紧圈 6, 左永久磁铁块 31和右永久磁铁块 32均通过磁铁锁紧圈 6锁紧设置在 磁铁固定套 8上;所述左永久磁铁块 31和右永久磁铁块 32对称设置 或不对称设置; 采用这种结构, 使得永久磁铁转子 3左右两端可作不 同角度的磁铁块布置, 达到马达转一周转时没有死角的特点。所述左 永久磁铁块 31与右永久磁铁块 32的数量相同且数量为复数, 例如, 左永久磁铁块 31和右永久磁铁块 32的数量均可为 36个, 分别对称 分布在永久磁铁转子 3两侧。 所述左外壳 21的外圆周面和内圆周面 设有若干散热片槽或水冷却管, 所述右外壳 22的外圆周面和内圆周 面设有若干散热片槽或水冷却管,这种结构有利于排出电动机在工作 过程中产生的热量, 延长电动机的使用寿命。上述为设置四个马达的 同轴内外线圈电动机的结构,其余设置有至少两个马达的同轴内外线 圈电动机的结构原理于此相同。
本发明所述马达的数量可以为两个或多个,两个或多个马达分别 同轴设在主轴 1两端。 根据需要, 设置每个马达的永久磁铁块数量, 使得两个马达具有不同的功能。如上述实施例一在启动时, 四个马达 的八个定子线圈同时工作, 提供较大的启动扭力; 运行时, 根据需要 可只运行其中的四个定子线圈或两个定子线圈, 能有效地节省能源。
进一步的,上述同轴内外线圈电动机还包括由马达的定子线圈进 行充电并提供反磁制动的蓄电池组。定子线圈的旋转运动可给蓄电池 组充电, 当蓄电池组进行放电时, 可对马达产生反磁制动的作用。 本发明充分利用永久磁铁转子 3的 S-N极,当外定子线圈 4和内 定子线圈 5同时通电时,永久磁铁转子 3的内外两面都可同时发挥作 用,将永久磁铁转子 3的 S-N极发挥到最大效力。当需要减少动力时, 可独立控制每组外定子线圈 4和内定子线圈 5的功率,达到节省电能 的效果。在需要即时减慢速度时, 可将多余的动力直接充电到蓄电池 组。 如需要即时停止运动时, 蓄电池组即时提供反磁力, 使得本发明 即时停止运动, 停止后再用刹车片进行摩擦制动, 减少了环境污染和 噪声污染。在电源控制方面, 由于本发明需要慢速启动, 且要保持全 功率输出, 因此, 电源采用脉冲式控制, 如将时间从零秒调至一秒, 将电压由 0伏调至 220伏, 频率由 0 HZ调至 200KHZ,均可实现独立 的控制。 本发明可应用于汽车、 船舶等产品上, 应用范围较广。
以上所述仅是本发明的较佳实施例,故凡依本发明专利申请范围 所述的构造、特征及原理所做的等效变化或修饰, 均包括于本发明专 利申请范围内。 工业实用性
本发明可以广泛应用于工业制造,应用本发明后可以产生较大的 经济效益。

Claims

权利 要 求 书
1、同轴内外线圈电动机,它包括主轴(1)和马达,其特征在于: 所述马达包括外壳(2)、 永久磁铁转子(3), 以及极性相反并设有钢 硅片的外定子线圈 (4)和内定子线圈 (5); 外定子线圈 (4) 设置在 外壳(2) 内壁槽内, 永久磁铁转子 (3) 穿设于外定子线圈 (4), 内 定子线圈(5) 同轴设置在永久磁铁转子(3) 内壁内; 所述主轴(1) 穿设于内定子线圈 (5), 主轴 (1) 两端通过轴承与外壳 (2) 连接, 且主轴 (1) 与永久磁铁转子 (3) 固定连接。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的同轴内外线圈电动机, 其特征在于: 所述外定子线圈 (4) 的钢硅片与内定子线圈 (5) 的钢硅片相互错位 或同位设置。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的同轴内外线圈电动机, 其特征在于: 所述外壳 (2)包括左外壳(21)和右外壳(22),所述外定子线圈(4) 包括左端外定子线圈 (41) 和右端外定子线圈 (42), 所述内定子线 圈 (5)包括左端内定子线圈 (51)和右端内定子线圈 (52); 所述左 端外定子线圈 (41)设置在左外壳(21) 内壁槽内, 右左端外定子线 圈 (42) 设置在右外壳 (22) 内壁槽内; 永久磁铁转子 (3) 左端穿 设于左端外定子线圈 (41), 永久磁铁转子(3)右端穿设于右端外定 子线圈 (42); 左端内定子线圈 (51) 同轴设置在永久磁铁转子 (3) 左端内壁内, 右端内定子线圈 (52) 同轴设置在永久磁铁转子 (3) 右端内壁内; 左外壳 (21) 的左端设有左端盖 (71), 右外壳 (22) 的右端设有右端盖 (72), 左外壳 (21) 和右外壳 (22) 之间连接有 外壳连接盘 (9); 所述主轴 (1) 穿设于左端内定子线圈 (51) 和右 端内定子线圈 (52), 主轴 (1) 左端通过轴承与左端盖 (71) 连接, 主轴 (1) 右端通过轴承与右端盖 (72) 连接。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的同轴内外线圈电动机, 其特征在于: 所述永久磁铁转子( 3 )包括磁铁固定套( 8 )、若干左永久磁铁块(31) 和右永久磁铁块(32); 所述磁铁固定套(8)与主轴(1)固定连接, 若干左永久磁铁块 (31) 设置在磁铁固定套 (8) 左端并形成容置左 端内定子线圈 (51) 的空间, 若干右永久磁铁块(32)设置在磁铁固 定套 (51) 右端并形成容置右端内定子线圈 (52) 的空间。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的同轴内外线圈电动机, 其特征在于: 所述永久磁铁转子(3)还包括磁铁锁紧圈(6), 左永久磁铁块(31) 和右永久磁铁块 (32) 均通过磁铁锁紧圈 (6) 锁紧设置在磁铁固定 套 (8) 上。
6、 根据权利要求 4所述的同轴内外线圈电动机, 其特征在于: 所述左永久磁铁块(31)和右永久磁铁块(32)对称设置或不对称设 置。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的同轴内外线圈电动机, 其特征在于: 所述左永久磁铁块(31)与右永久磁铁块(32) 的数量相同且数量为 复数。
8、 根据权利要求 1至 7任一项所述的同轴内外线圈电动机, 其 特征在于: 所述马达的数量为 1个。
9、 根据权利要求 1至 7任一项所述的同轴内外线圈电动机, 其 特征在于: 所述马达的数量为至少两个, 均同轴设在主轴 (1 ) 上。
10、根据权利要求 3至 7任一项所述的同轴内外线圈电动机, 其 特征在于: 所述左外壳(21 ) 的外圆周面和内圆周面设有若干散热片 槽或水冷却管; 所述右外壳(22 ) 的外圆周面和内圆周面设有若干散 热片槽或水冷却管。
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