WO2011007035A1 - Energy-storage system based on an increase in temperature - Google Patents

Energy-storage system based on an increase in temperature Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011007035A1
WO2011007035A1 PCT/ES2010/070476 ES2010070476W WO2011007035A1 WO 2011007035 A1 WO2011007035 A1 WO 2011007035A1 ES 2010070476 W ES2010070476 W ES 2010070476W WO 2011007035 A1 WO2011007035 A1 WO 2011007035A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
energy
thermal
storage capacity
heat
container
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PCT/ES2010/070476
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Antonio Ignacio Cabrera Santana
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Antonio Ignacio Cabrera Santana
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Publication of WO2011007035A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011007035A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
    • F28D20/0043—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material specially adapted for long-term heat storage; Underground tanks; Floating reservoirs; Pools; Ponds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of the energy industry, specifically energy storage systems. More specifically, the present invention relates to an energy storage system based on temperature increase.
  • the present invention relates to an energy storage system based on temperature increase comprising a container containing a material with high thermal storage capacity, means of heat input to the container containing said material, a thermal insulating material that covers substantially complete said container and energy extraction means to extract when the thermal energy stored in the material with large thermal storage capacity is required. Therefore, thanks to said system, the energy provided by the heat input means can be stored in the material with a large thermal storage capacity for a desired time and subsequently recovered by means of energy extraction means.
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view of an energy storage system according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of the storage system energy shown in Figure 1.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of an energy storage system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Said system comprises a container 10 containing a material with high thermal storage capacity 12; heat supply means (not shown in Figure 1, which are observed and will be described below in relation to Figure 2) to provide heat to the container 10 containing said material 12, a thermal insulating material 16 that substantially covers said container 10 completes so as to avoid losses of heat (and therefore energy) from the storage system, and energy extraction means which in that preferred embodiment are heat exchangers 18 through which a fluid circulates to extract when it is it requires the thermal energy stored in the material with great thermal storage capacity 12.
  • heat supply means not shown in Figure 1, which are observed and will be described below in relation to Figure 2
  • energy extraction means which in that preferred embodiment are heat exchangers 18 through which a fluid circulates to extract when it is it requires the thermal energy stored in the material with great thermal storage capacity 12.
  • the energy contributed by the heat supply means to the container 10 can be stored in the material with great capacity of thermal storage 12 for a desired time and then recover it by heat exchanger 18.
  • the insulating material tea Thermal 16 may be any known in the art that provides adequate thermal insulation.
  • the system according to this preferred embodiment of the present invention is also partially covered (on its sides and its lower part) by a protective material 20 (such as concrete) that acts as protection and as an additional thermal insulator of the system.
  • a protective material 20 such as concrete
  • the system according to the present invention is buried thereby providing additional thermal insulation towards the outside environment, although the system can also go on the surface of the land or even at a certain height on the surface of the land. .
  • Figure 2 shows a plan view of the system described above with reference to Figure 1. It shows the container 10, the material with great thermal storage capacity 12, the means of heat input to the container 10 which in that preferred embodiment are heating electrical resistors 14, the thermal insulating material 16 as well as the protection material 20.
  • both the container 10 and each of the insulation and protection layers have a cylindrical shape, although obviously in other embodiments they may present any other form that is convenient, such as prismatic, spherical, etc.
  • the material with large thermal storage capacity 12 chosen is sodium chloride, whose high specific heat (971 J / KgK) provides a high capacity to store energy in the form of heat without having to reach the temperatures necessary for the fusion to occur (808 Q C).
  • Sodium chloride also has the advantages of not being toxic, in addition to being abundant and economical, so that the final system is equally economical as well as effective.
  • other materials 12 may be used that also have a high specific heat (and therefore a large thermal storage capacity) without thereby departing from the spirit of the invention.
  • electric heating resistors 14 have been described as heat supply means to the container 10 containing the material with a large thermal storage capacity 12 according to the present invention, this energy may be provided by any appropriate system.
  • thermal energy may be provided directly, for example by surplus energy from a congeneration, geothermal energy, solar thermal energy, etc.
  • electric heating resistors 14, as defined hereinbefore these may be provided by groups so that the heating electric resistors 14 are fed independently to thereby adapt to the electrical energy available in each case, and can be connected in different configurations according to the amount of power available at each moment. They will be connected according to the electrical power that is provided at each moment, for example as the wind speed increases, so that this energy can be used from the first moment.
  • the energy storage system of the present invention also overcomes the existing limitations with respect to the maximum and minimum wind speed available, which set the type of electrical energy that is injected into the electrical network, allowing that in order to take advantage of a large part of the energy produced and that otherwise would be irretrievably lost.
  • an electric energy can be used that does not have the necessary frequency characteristics to be able to inject it into the electrical network or that for any other reason cannot be stored, so Power losses that may have occurred in the conversion process are no longer a problem.
  • a heat exchanger 18 is circulated through which a fluid circulates to extract when the thermal energy stored in the material with large thermal storage capacity 12 is required and which will subsequently be used directly in form of heat or to generate stabilized electrical energy.
  • a conventional Rankine cycle suitable mainly for medium-large installations
  • a Stirling engine for small installations
  • the system is not subject to any limitation with respect to its frequency and stability, since there is a storage of which the amount of energy stored at each moment knowing the temperature at which the material with great thermal storage capacity 12 is, and, for example in the case of using heat exchangers 18, by regulating the flow rate of the fluid flowing through them can be controlled exactly the stable energy generated.
  • energy storage systems according to the invention can be manufactured to store surplus or low quality energy of both large dimensions (for example to store electrical energy produced in wind farms when the wind does not have sufficient speed or when it is necessary to proceed to disconnection of the parks due to a saturation of the electricity network) and of small dimensions (for individual or smaller uses).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to an energy-storage system based on an increase in temperature. The system comprises a receptacle that contains a material with a high level of heat-storage capacity, means for providing heat to the receptacle that contains said material, a heat-insulating material that substantially completely covers said receptacle, and means for withdrawing energy in order, when required, to withdraw the thermal energy stored in the material with a high level of heat-storage capacity. By means of this system it is possible to store the energy provided by the heat-provision means in the material with a high level of heat-storage capacity for a required period and, subsequently, to recover said energy by means of the energy-removal means.

Description

SISTEMA DE ALMACENAMIENTO ENERGÉTICO BASADO EN INCREMENTO DE TEMPERATURA  ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM BASED ON TEMPERATURE INCREASE
Campo de Ia invención Field of the invention
La presente invención se refiere al campo de Ia industria energética, concretamente a sistemas de almacenamiento de energía. Más concretamente, Ia presente invención se refiere a un sistema de almacenamiento de energía basado en incremento de temperatura. The present invention relates to the field of the energy industry, specifically energy storage systems. More specifically, the present invention relates to an energy storage system based on temperature increase.
Antecedentes de Ia invención Background of the invention
Uno de los principales problemas actuales con respecto a Ia utilización de energías, tales como las energías renovables (solar, eólica, etc.), es Ia dificultad de su almacenamiento, así como Ia variabilidad tanto enOne of the main current problems regarding the use of energy, such as renewable energy (solar, wind, etc.), is the difficulty of its storage, as well as the variability in both
Ia potencia obtenida como en el momento de su obtención. En efecto, se conocen sistemas para aprovechar dicho tipo de energías y convertirlas en energía eléctrica aprovechable, pero no existen sistemas eficaces para almacenar dicha energía para su uso posterior. Por tanto, existe una gran dependencia del momento en el que se obtienen y de Ia potencia con Ia que se obtienen, Io cual resulta imprevisible. The power obtained as at the time of obtaining it. In fact, systems are known to take advantage of this type of energy and convert it into usable electrical energy, but there are no effective systems to store said energy for later use. Therefore, there is a great dependence on the moment in which they are obtained and the power with which they are obtained, which is unpredictable.
La técnica actual se enfrenta al mismo problema a Ia hora de almacenar energía eléctrica, que puede no tener las características de frecuencia necesarias para poder inyectarla en Ia red o que por cualquier otro motivo no pueda almacenarse, y convertirla en energía eléctrica adecuada para su suministro posterior cuando sea necesario. Actualmente, este tipo de energía se pierde irremisiblemente. Existe por tanto en Ia actualidad una gran necesidad de un sistema que permita almacenar energía, de cualquier procedencia y características, de manera eficaz y duradera, y suministrarla posteriormente cuando se necesite dicha energía. The current technique faces the same problem when storing electrical energy, which may not have the necessary frequency characteristics to be able to inject it into the network or that for any other reason cannot be stored, and convert it into adequate electrical energy for its supply later when necessary. Currently, this type of energy is irretrievably lost. Therefore, there is currently a great need for a system that allows storing energy, of any origin and characteristics, in an efficient and lasting way, and then supplying it when such energy is needed.
Sumario de Ia invención Summary of the invention
La presente invención se refiere a un sistema de almacenamiento energético basado en incremento de temperatura que comprende un recipiente que contiene un material con gran capacidad de almacenamiento térmico, medios de aporte de calor al recipiente que contiene dicho material, un material aislante térmico que recubre de manera sustancialmente completa dicho recipiente y medios de extracción de energía para extraer cuando se requiera Ia energía térmica almacenada en el material con gran capacidad de almacenamiento térmico. Por tanto, gracias a dicho sistema puede almacenarse Ia energía aportada por los medios de aporte de calor en el material con gran capacidad de almacenamiento térmico durante un tiempo deseado y posteriormente recuperarla mediante los medios de extracción de energía. The present invention relates to an energy storage system based on temperature increase comprising a container containing a material with high thermal storage capacity, means of heat input to the container containing said material, a thermal insulating material that covers substantially complete said container and energy extraction means to extract when the thermal energy stored in the material with large thermal storage capacity is required. Therefore, thanks to said system, the energy provided by the heat input means can be stored in the material with a large thermal storage capacity for a desired time and subsequently recovered by means of energy extraction means.
Breve descripción de los dibujos Brief description of the drawings
La presente invención se entenderá mejor con referencia a los siguientes dibujos que ilustran una realización preferida de Ia invención, proporcionada a modo de ejemplo, y que no debe interpretarse como limitativa de Ia invención de ninguna manera. The present invention will be better understood with reference to the following drawings that illustrate a preferred embodiment of the invention, provided by way of example, and which should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way.
La figura 1 es una vista en sección de un sistema de almacenamiento energético según Ia presente invención. Figure 1 is a sectional view of an energy storage system according to the present invention.
La figura 2 es una vista en planta del sistema de almacenamiento energético mostrado en Ia figura 1. Figure 2 is a plan view of the storage system energy shown in Figure 1.
Descripción detallada de las realizaciones preferidas En Ia figura 1 se muestra una vista en sección de un sistema de almacenamiento energético según una realización preferida de Ia presente invención. Dicho sistema comprende un recipiente 10 que contiene un material con gran capacidad de almacenamiento térmico 12; medios de aporte de calor (no mostrados en Ia figura 1 , que se observan y se describirán a continuación en relación con Ia figura 2) para aportar calor al recipiente 10 que contiene dicho material 12, un material aislante térmico 16 que recubre de manera sustancialmente completa dicho recipiente 10 de modo que eviten pérdidas de calor (y por tanto de energía) del sistema de almacenamiento, y medios de extracción de energía que en esa realización preferida son unos intercambiadores de calor 18 por el que circula un fluido para extraer cuando se requiera Ia energía térmica almacenada en el material con gran capacidad de almacenamiento térmico 12. Por tanto, tal como se observa, mediante el presente sistema puede almacenarse Ia energía aportada por los medios de aporte de calor al recipiente 10 en el material con gran capacidad de almacenamiento térmico 12 durante un tiempo deseado y posteriormente recuperarla mediante el intercambiador de calor 18. El material aislante térmico 16 puede ser cualquiera conocido en Ia técnica que proporcione un aislamiento térmico adecuado. Detailed description of the preferred embodiments Figure 1 shows a sectional view of an energy storage system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Said system comprises a container 10 containing a material with high thermal storage capacity 12; heat supply means (not shown in Figure 1, which are observed and will be described below in relation to Figure 2) to provide heat to the container 10 containing said material 12, a thermal insulating material 16 that substantially covers said container 10 completes so as to avoid losses of heat (and therefore energy) from the storage system, and energy extraction means which in that preferred embodiment are heat exchangers 18 through which a fluid circulates to extract when it is it requires the thermal energy stored in the material with great thermal storage capacity 12. Therefore, as it is observed, by means of the present system the energy contributed by the heat supply means to the container 10 can be stored in the material with great capacity of thermal storage 12 for a desired time and then recover it by heat exchanger 18. The insulating material tea Thermal 16 may be any known in the art that provides adequate thermal insulation.
Tal como se observa igualmente en Ia figura 1 , el sistema según esta realización preferida de Ia presente invención también está parcialmente recubierto (en sus lados y su parte inferior) por un material de protección 20 (tal como por ejemplo hormigón) que actúa como protección y como aislante térmico adicional del sistema. Además, en dicha realización preferida el sistema según Ia presente invención se encuentra enterrado proporcionando de ese modo un aislamiento térmico adicional hacia el medio exterior, aunque el sistema puede ir igualmente sobre Ia superficie del terreno o incluso a una cierta altura sobre Ia superficie del terreno. As can also be seen in Figure 1, the system according to this preferred embodiment of the present invention is also partially covered (on its sides and its lower part) by a protective material 20 (such as concrete) that acts as protection and as an additional thermal insulator of the system. In addition, in said preferred embodiment the system according to the present invention is buried thereby providing additional thermal insulation towards the outside environment, although the system can also go on the surface of the land or even at a certain height on the surface of the land. .
En Ia figura 2 se muestra una vista en planta del sistema descrito anteriormente haciendo referencia a Ia figura 1. En ella se observa el recipiente 10, el material con gran capacidad de almacenamiento térmico 12, los medios de aporte de calor al recipiente 10 que en esa realización preferida son resistencias eléctricas calefactores 14, el material aislante térmico 16 así como el material de protección 20. En esta figura se observa que tanto el recipiente 10 como cada una de las capas de aislamiento y protección (material aislante térmico 16 y material de protección 20) presentan una forma cilindrica, aunque evidentemente en otras realizaciones podrán presentar cualquier otra forma que resulte conveniente, tal como prismática, esférica, etc. Figure 2 shows a plan view of the system described above with reference to Figure 1. It shows the container 10, the material with great thermal storage capacity 12, the means of heat input to the container 10 which in that preferred embodiment are heating electrical resistors 14, the thermal insulating material 16 as well as the protection material 20. In this figure it can be seen that both the container 10 and each of the insulation and protection layers (thermal insulating material 16 and material of protection 20) have a cylindrical shape, although obviously in other embodiments they may present any other form that is convenient, such as prismatic, spherical, etc.
En una realización preferida de Ia presente invención, el material con gran capacidad de almacenamiento térmico 12 elegido es cloruro de sodio, cuyo calor específico elevado (971 J/KgK) proporciona una elevada capacidad para almacenar energía en forma de calor sin tener que llegar a las temperaturas necesarias para que se produzca Ia fusión (808QC). El cloruro de sodio presenta además las ventajas de no ser tóxico, además de ser abundante y económico, con Io que el sistema final resulta igualmente económico además de eficaz. Sin embargo, resulta evidente que en el sistema según Ia presente invención podrán usarse otros materiales 12 que presenten igualmente un elevado calor específico (y por tanto una gran capacidad de almacenamiento térmico) sin por ello apartarse del espíritu de Ia invención. Aunque se ha descrito de manera detallada una realización preferida del sistema de almacenamiento energético, no se pretende limitar Ia presente invención a dicha realización y otras modificaciones y variaciones de Ia misma resultarán evidentes a los expertos en Ia técnica, quedando dichas variaciones dentro del alcance de Ia invención definido por las reivindicaciones adjuntas. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material with large thermal storage capacity 12 chosen is sodium chloride, whose high specific heat (971 J / KgK) provides a high capacity to store energy in the form of heat without having to reach the temperatures necessary for the fusion to occur (808 Q C). Sodium chloride also has the advantages of not being toxic, in addition to being abundant and economical, so that the final system is equally economical as well as effective. However, it is evident that in the system according to the present invention other materials 12 may be used that also have a high specific heat (and therefore a large thermal storage capacity) without thereby departing from the spirit of the invention. Although a preferred embodiment of the energy storage system has been described in detail, it is not intended to limit the present invention to said embodiment and other modifications and variations thereof will be apparent to those skilled in the art, said variations being within the scope of The invention defined by the appended claims.
Por ejemplo, aunque según Ia realización preferida del sistema según Ia presente invención descrita anteriormente se indica que se dispone de un material de protección 20 que recubre al menos parcialmente el material aislante térmico 16, resulta evidente que dicha protección no es imprescindible y podrán diseñarse realizaciones adicionales de Ia presente invención que carecen de dicho material de protección 20. Asimismo, aunque se ha descrito un sistema de almacenamiento energético enterrado (para de ese modo proporcionar un aislamiento térmico adicional hacia el exterior), podrán proporcionarse otras realizaciones de Ia presente invención en las que el sistema se encuentre tan sólo parcialmente enterrado o incluso totalmente en el exterior sin por ello apartarse del alcance de Ia invención. For example, although according to the preferred embodiment of the system according to the present invention described above it is indicated that there is a protective material 20 that at least partially covers the thermal insulating material 16, it is evident that said protection is not essential and embodiments may be designed of the present invention that lack said protection material 20. Also, although a buried energy storage system has been described (to thereby provide additional thermal insulation to the outside), other embodiments of the present invention may be provided in those that the system is only partially buried or even totally outside without thereby departing from the scope of the invention.
Igualmente, aunque se han descrito resistencias eléctricas calefactoras 14 como medios de aporte de calor al recipiente 10 que contiene el material con gran capacidad de almacenamiento térmico 12 según Ia presente invención, esta energía podrá aportarse mediante cualquier sistema apropiado. Por ejemplo, podrá aportarse directamente energía térmica, por ejemplo mediante energía sobrante de una congeneración, de geotermia, energía solar térmica, etc. En el caso de usar resistencias eléctricas calefactoras 14, tal como se definió anteriormente en el presente documento, éstas pueden disponerse por grupos de modo que las resistencias eléctricas calefactoras 14 se alimenten independientemente para adaptarse de ese modo a Ia energía eléctrica disponible en cada caso, pudiendo conectarse en diferentes configuraciones según sea Ia cantidad de potencia disponible en cada momento. Se irán conectando según Ia potencia eléctrica que se aporte en cada momento, por ejemplo según aumente Ia velocidad del viento, para que de ese modo pueda aprovecharse dicha energía desde el primer momento. Según esta configuración preferida, el sistema de almacenamiento energético de Ia presente invención supera además las limitaciones existentes actualmente con respecto a Ia velocidad máxima y mínima de viento disponible, que fijan el tipo de energía eléctrica que se inyecta en Ia red eléctrica, permitiendo de ese modo aprovechar una gran parte de Ia energía producida y que de otro modo se perdería irremisiblemente. Likewise, although electric heating resistors 14 have been described as heat supply means to the container 10 containing the material with a large thermal storage capacity 12 according to the present invention, this energy may be provided by any appropriate system. For example, thermal energy may be provided directly, for example by surplus energy from a congeneration, geothermal energy, solar thermal energy, etc. In the case of using electric heating resistors 14, as defined hereinbefore, these may be provided by groups so that the heating electric resistors 14 are fed independently to thereby adapt to the electrical energy available in each case, and can be connected in different configurations according to the amount of power available at each moment. They will be connected according to the electrical power that is provided at each moment, for example as the wind speed increases, so that this energy can be used from the first moment. According to this preferred configuration, the energy storage system of the present invention also overcomes the existing limitations with respect to the maximum and minimum wind speed available, which set the type of electrical energy that is injected into the electrical network, allowing that in order to take advantage of a large part of the energy produced and that otherwise would be irretrievably lost.
Para alimentar las resistencias eléctricas calefactoras 14 del sistema según Ia realización preferida de Ia presente invención puede usarse una energía eléctrica que no presenta las características de frecuencia necesarias para poder inyectarla en Ia red eléctrica o que por cualquier otro motivo no pueda almacenarse, por Io que las pérdidas de potencias que hayan podido producirse en el proceso de conversión ya no representan un problema. To power the heating electrical resistors 14 of the system according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, an electric energy can be used that does not have the necessary frequency characteristics to be able to inject it into the electrical network or that for any other reason cannot be stored, so Power losses that may have occurred in the conversion process are no longer a problem.
Se ha descrito con relación a Ia realización preferida de Ia presente invención un intercambiador de calor 18 por el que circula un fluido para extraer cuando se requiera Ia energía térmica almacenada en el material con gran capacidad de almacenamiento térmico 12 y que se posteriormente usará directamente en forma de calor o para generar energía eléctrica estabilizada. Sin embargo, los expertos en Ia técnica conocen otros sistemas para obtener Ia energía almacenada en el material 12 en forma de energía eléctrica, tales como por ejemplo mediante un ciclo de Rankine convencional (adecuado principalmente para instalaciones de tamaño medio-grande) o mediante un motor Stirling (para instalaciones de pequeño tamaño). Podrán usarse estos u otros medios de extracción de energía sin por ello apartarse del alcance de Ia presente invención. In relation to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a heat exchanger 18 is circulated through which a fluid circulates to extract when the thermal energy stored in the material with large thermal storage capacity 12 is required and which will subsequently be used directly in form of heat or to generate stabilized electrical energy. However, those skilled in the art know other systems to obtain the energy stored in the material 12 in the form of electrical energy, such as for example by means of a conventional Rankine cycle (suitable mainly for medium-large installations) or by means of a Stirling engine (for small installations). These or other means of energy extraction may be used without thereby departing from the scope of the present invention.
Además, como ventaja adicional del sistema según Ia presente invención, en el momento de producción de energía el sistema no se encuentra sujeto a ninguna limitación con respecto a su frecuencia y estabilidad, ya que se dispone de un almacenamiento del que se conoce Ia cantidad de energía almacenada en cada momento sabiendo Ia temperatura a Ia que está el material con gran capacidad de almacenamiento térmico 12, y, por ejemplo en el caso de usar intercambiadores de calor 18, mediante Ia regulación del caudal del fluido que circula por los mismos puede controlarse con exactitud Ia energía estable generada. In addition, as an additional advantage of the system according to the present invention, at the time of energy production the system is not subject to any limitation with respect to its frequency and stability, since there is a storage of which the amount of energy stored at each moment knowing the temperature at which the material with great thermal storage capacity 12 is, and, for example in the case of using heat exchangers 18, by regulating the flow rate of the fluid flowing through them can be controlled exactly the stable energy generated.
Finalmente, pueden fabricarse sistemas de almacenamiento energético según Ia invención para almacenar energía sobrante o de baja calidad tanto de grandes dimensiones (por ejemplo para almacenar energía eléctrica producida en parques eólicos cuando el viento no tiene Ia velocidad suficiente o cuando haya que proceder a Ia desconexión de los parques debido a una saturación de Ia red eléctrica) como de pequeñas dimensiones (para usos individuales o más reducidos). Finally, energy storage systems according to the invention can be manufactured to store surplus or low quality energy of both large dimensions (for example to store electrical energy produced in wind farms when the wind does not have sufficient speed or when it is necessary to proceed to disconnection of the parks due to a saturation of the electricity network) and of small dimensions (for individual or smaller uses).

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1. Sistema de almacenamiento energético de energía basado en incremento de temperatura caracterizado porque comprende: 1. Energy energy storage system based on temperature increase characterized in that it comprises:
- un recipiente (10) que contiene un material (12) con gran capacidad de almacenamiento térmico  - a container (10) containing a material (12) with large thermal storage capacity
- medios de aporte de calor al material (12) contenido en el recipiente (10)  - heat supply means to the material (12) contained in the container (10)
- un material aislante térmico (16) que recubre de manera sustancialmente completa dicho recipiente (10); y  - a thermal insulating material (16) that substantially covers said container (10); Y
- medios de extracción de energía para extraer cuando se requiera Ia energía térmica almacenada en el material con gran capacidad de almacenamiento térmico (12);  - means of extracting energy to extract when the thermal energy stored in the material with large thermal storage capacity (12) is required;
mediante el cual puede almacenarse Ia energía aportada por los medios de aporte de calor en el material con gran capacidad de almacenamiento térmico (12) durante un tiempo deseado y posteriormente recuperarla mediante los medios de extracción de energía.  whereby the energy provided by the heat input means can be stored in the material with high thermal storage capacity (12) for a desired time and subsequently recovered by means of energy extraction means.
2. Sistema según Ia reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque comprende además un material de protección (20) que recubre al menos parcialmente el material aislante térmico (16) y que actúa como protección y como aislante térmico adicional del sistema. 2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a protection material (20) that at least partially covers the thermal insulating material (16) and acts as protection and as an additional thermal insulator of the system.
3. Sistema según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque el material con gran capacidad de almacenamiento térmico (12) es cloruro de sodio. 3. System according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material with high thermal storage capacity (12) is sodium chloride.
4. Sistema según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque los medios de aporte de calor usados son resistencias eléctricas calefactoras (14). 4. System according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat input means used are electric heating resistors (14).
5. Sistema según Ia reivindicación anterior, caracterizado porque las resistencias eléctricas calefactoras (14) se alimentan independientemente, pudiendo conectarse en diferentes configuraciones según sea Ia cantidad de potencia disponible en cada momento. 5. System according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the electric heating resistors (14) are fed independently, and can be connected in different configurations according to the amount of power available at any time.
6. Sistema según las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque se encuentra al menos parcialmente enterrado proporcionando de ese modo un aislamiento térmico adicional hacia el medio exterior. 6. System according to the preceding claims, characterized in that it is at least partially buried thereby providing additional thermal insulation to the outside environment.
7. Sistema según las reivindicaciones 1 a 5, caracterizado porque se encuentra sobre Ia superficie del terreno. 7. System according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it is located on the surface of the land.
8. Sistema según las reivindicaciones 1 a 5, caracterizado porque se encuentra dispuesto a cierta altura sobre Ia superficie del terreno. 8. System according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it is arranged at a certain height on the surface of the land.
9. Sistema según las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque los medios de extracción para extraer Ia energía térmica son unos intercambiadores de calor (18) por los que circula un fluido. 9. System according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the extraction means for extracting the thermal energy are heat exchangers (18) through which a fluid circulates.
10. Sistema según las reivindicaciones 1 a 9, caracterizado porque Ia energía térmica almacenada se extrae en forma de energía eléctrica. 10. System according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the stored thermal energy is extracted in the form of electrical energy.
1 1. Sistema según Ia reivindicación anterior, caracterizado porque Ia energía eléctrica se extrae mediante un sistema seleccionado del grupo constituido por un ciclo de Rankine y un ciclo de Stirling. 1 1. System according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the electrical energy is extracted by a system selected from the group consisting of a Rankine cycle and a Stirling cycle.
PCT/ES2010/070476 2009-07-16 2010-07-09 Energy-storage system based on an increase in temperature WO2011007035A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200930468A ES2354552B1 (en) 2009-07-16 2009-07-16 ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM BASED ON TEMPERATURE INCREASE.
ESP200930468 2009-07-16

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3079087A (en) * 1956-12-13 1963-02-26 Gen Electric Method and apparatus for storing and recovering heat
US3991936A (en) * 1975-11-26 1976-11-16 Harold Switzgable Heat transfer system
WO1979001004A1 (en) * 1978-04-28 1979-11-29 Solar Dynamics Ltd Thermal energy accumulator
GB2042158A (en) * 1978-12-23 1980-09-17 Isopag Ag Thermally insulated heat accumulator
US20070209365A1 (en) * 2004-03-12 2007-09-13 Larkden Pty Limited Method And Apparatus For Storing Heat Energy

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3079087A (en) * 1956-12-13 1963-02-26 Gen Electric Method and apparatus for storing and recovering heat
US3991936A (en) * 1975-11-26 1976-11-16 Harold Switzgable Heat transfer system
WO1979001004A1 (en) * 1978-04-28 1979-11-29 Solar Dynamics Ltd Thermal energy accumulator
GB2042158A (en) * 1978-12-23 1980-09-17 Isopag Ag Thermally insulated heat accumulator
US20070209365A1 (en) * 2004-03-12 2007-09-13 Larkden Pty Limited Method And Apparatus For Storing Heat Energy

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ES2354552A1 (en) 2011-03-16

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