WO2011006227A1 - Floating vertical-axis wind turbine - Google Patents

Floating vertical-axis wind turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011006227A1
WO2011006227A1 PCT/BR2010/000245 BR2010000245W WO2011006227A1 WO 2011006227 A1 WO2011006227 A1 WO 2011006227A1 BR 2010000245 W BR2010000245 W BR 2010000245W WO 2011006227 A1 WO2011006227 A1 WO 2011006227A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wind
turbine
floating
wind turbine
gates
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/BR2010/000245
Other languages
French (fr)
Portuguese (pt)
Inventor
Nadilton De Souza Monteiro
Original Assignee
Nadilton De Souza Monteiro
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nadilton De Souza Monteiro filed Critical Nadilton De Souza Monteiro
Publication of WO2011006227A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011006227A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/04—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels
    • F03D3/0409—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels surrounding the rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/93—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a large wind turbine that captures and transforms wind power into mechanical energy. It can be produced in infinite sizes. It has around it a wind catchment system with air gates. These gates are loose, opening and closing mechanically by the force of the wind and locking at a certain angle. This system captures wind from all directions and converges it to the center of the turbine. It also has a means that eliminates friction with bearings, and the turbine rotates floating in liquid, sliding and being supported by water or fluid.
  • the system consists of fixed and movable parts.
  • Mobile will be the turbine and the floodgate, which work mechanically.
  • Fixed will be four directional walls and the slab above the turbine.
  • the fixed part could be built using brick and concrete common in the construction of buildings. These will be high wind direction walls.
  • the whole system would be approximately 50 meters high. They will stand upright on the concrete foundation itself as well as on steel cables attaching to each other and to the ground like large radio towers.
  • each fork has seven gate columns, each column with a certain amount of gate. All floodgates are loose. They lock in their alignment and open at a 45-degree angle, allowing the wind to flow toward the center of the turbine.
  • I call the sector bifurcations. It is observed for better understanding that when the wind comes from the south (fig.1) the gates columns of the south sector will be open allowing the wind to flow to the center of the turbine. In the same case, four east and three west columns lock on the wall, directing the wind at a 45-degree angle to the center of the turbine. The fixed parts make it possible to direct the wind current to the blades.
  • the flotation system (fig.3), it will replace bearings that support large mass.
  • this invention what is sought is a large wind capture system that should replace conventional turbines.
  • said vertical turbine would be about 40 meters high by about 15 meters radius.
  • the turbine would be constructed fixed on a large round float-shaped barge with a hole in the center (fig.3a).
  • the radius and depth (volume) of this giant barge should displace one hundred thousand liters of water, generating the fluctuation. It would float like a float or over a layer of air, like a glass upside down in water.
  • the surface of the barge in contact with water should be extremely smooth, minimizing roughness / strength. Balancing, water leveling and The round shape should be absolutely accurate so that it slides through the liquid in a circular motion without displacing the water.
  • Said barge may be constructed of fiberglass and metal, typical of boat construction.
  • the reservoir which will be of concrete, should be constructed similar to a round shape used to make a cake, with an opening in the center (fig.3b). Through this opening the turbine shaft will be fixed by a bearing. Also at the top of the turbine another bearing will keep the shaft perfectly aligned in an upright position. The bearings do not support the turbine, which is supported only by water or air. The edges of the reservoir will be covered to prevent wind from contacting the water to prevent any undulation that could cause slight turbine oscillation.
  • the generator may be positioned below the reservoir or on the slab above the turbine and be attached to its shaft.
  • this turbine should not be light. On the contrary, its mass may be relative, because regardless of weight it will rotate with an insignificant roughness / friction coefficient. Weight will favor inertia, because in this system even the lightest wind will move the turbine. Inertia would accumulate kinetic energy by decreasing the oscillation of the turbine speed caused by the change in the speed of wind currents.
  • a system could be constructed separately, connected to the shaft and clutch turbine, for the sole purpose of accumulating kinetic energy. This system would take advantage of high-speed winds, compensating for moments of windlessness by regulating generator speed.
  • the largest of the horizontal axis turbines has less than 1000m 2 of surface area on its three blades and only the wind that collides with its blades is converted into motion. Bearing friction decreases performance as the propeller weighs an average of 30 tons.
  • this vertical axis system a large amount of wind would be caught (40m high by 100m long, for example), tapered to the center of the turbine and transformed into mechanical energy. Friction here is reduced to an insignificant coefficient. Building a large system would require very simple technology compared to conventional turbines.

Abstract

A wind turbine comprises a wind harvesting system with mobile air gates that harvest and funnel wind from all directions into the turbine, and a floating support system that eliminates the friction produced by bearings and moving mechanical parts, allowing large wind turbines to be built. The present invention is designed in particular for the energy and industrial sectors.

Description

"TURBINA EÓLICA FLUTUANTE DE EIXO VERTICAL" "FLOATING VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINE"
A presente invenção se refere a uma turbina eólica de grandes dimensões que capta e transforma a força do vento em energia mecânica. Poderá ser produzida em infinitos tamanhos. Possui ao seu redor um sistema de captação de vento com comportas de ar. Comportas estas que se encontram soltas, abrindo e fechando mecanicamente pela força do vento e se travando em determinado ângulo. Esse sistema capta o vento de todas as direções e o converge para o centro da turbina. Possui também um meio que elimina o atrito com rolamentos, sendo que a turbina gira flutuando em meio líquido, deslizando e sendo sustentada pela água ou fluido. The present invention relates to a large wind turbine that captures and transforms wind power into mechanical energy. It can be produced in infinite sizes. It has around it a wind catchment system with air gates. These gates are loose, opening and closing mechanically by the force of the wind and locking at a certain angle. This system captures wind from all directions and converges it to the center of the turbine. It also has a means that eliminates friction with bearings, and the turbine rotates floating in liquid, sliding and being supported by water or fluid.
O mundo busca esse tipo de energia por ser limpa e ecológica. As atuais turbinas são pouco eficientes e de custo elevado. Ainda se busca a solução de um meio que elimine o atrito causado por rolamentos que sustentam grande massa. Temos como exemplo o sistema Maglev onde a turbina flutuaria suspensa pela repulsão magnética através de ímãs permanentes de neodímio. Também como exemplo a patente norte americana de número 6870280 de 2002 onde se busca um modo de captar o vento e orientá-lo para a turbina. O que se propõe no presente invento é um novo sistema, que é bastante simples, podendo ser construído em grandes dimensões, de custo reduzido e alta eficiência. Os setores energéticos e industriais são as áreas técnicas as quais se destina a presente invenção.  The world seeks this kind of energy for being clean and green. Today's turbines are inefficient and costly. A solution that eliminates the friction caused by bearings that support large mass is still sought. For example, the Maglev system where the turbine would float suspended by magnetic repulsion through permanent neodymium magnets. Also as an example is US Patent No. 6870280 of 2002 which seeks a way to catch the wind and guide it to the turbine. What is proposed in the present invention is a new system, which is quite simple and can be built in large dimensions, with reduced cost and high efficiency. The energy and industrial sectors are the technical areas for which the present invention is intended.
O sistema é constituído por partes fixas e móveis. Móvel será a turbina e a comporta de ar, que funcionam mecanicamente. Fixas serão quatro paredes direcionadoras e a laje acima da turbina. No exemplo a parte fixa poderá ser construída utilizando tijolo e concreto comuns nas construções de prédios. Serão paredes direcionadoras de vento de grande altura. Todo o sistema teria aproximadamente 50 metros de altura. Elas se manterão eretas pelo próprio alicerce de concreto bem como por cabos de aço fixando uma às outras e ao solo, como grandes torres de rádio. The system consists of fixed and movable parts. Mobile will be the turbine and the floodgate, which work mechanically. Fixed will be four directional walls and the slab above the turbine. In the example the fixed part could be built using brick and concrete common in the construction of buildings. These will be high wind direction walls. The whole system would be approximately 50 meters high. They will stand upright on the concrete foundation itself as well as on steel cables attaching to each other and to the ground like large radio towers.
Observando o sistema em uma vista de cima (fig.1) vê- se ao centro a turbina de seis hélices. Quatro bifurcações com 90° graus de abertura se situam ao redor da turbina sendo que todas as bifurcações apontam para dentro do sistema. As aberturas das quatro bifurcações se direcionam para norte, sul, leste e oeste. Nessas bifurcações serão instaladas as comportas de ar. Tais comportas serão duplas, tendo dois eixos de abertura, cada um em uma extremidade. Elas se abrem para direita quando o vento vem de uma direção e para esquerda quando vem de outra (fig.2a). Neste exemplo cada bifurcação possui sete colunas de comportas, cada coluna com determinada quantidade de comportas. Todas as comportas estão soltas. Travam-se em seu alinhamento e se abrem em um ângulo de 45° graus, permitindo que o vento flua em direção ao centro da turbina. Tais colunas terão grande altura e serão construídas de forma a resistir às fortes correntes de vento. O travamento na abertura poderá ser feito por cabos ou molas ligados à extremidade das comportas, pois, em caso de ventos extremos deverá ser flexível, se adaptando e cedendo às condições do vento, de forma que deverão sofrer determinada pressão do vento para ultrapassar 45° graus de abertura. Podemos observar que somente nas extremidades desse sistema o vento incidirá em um ângulo superior a 45° graus. Essa incidência é exceçâo. A dupla abertura das comportas permitirá o livre fluxo do vento quando incidir diretamente (fig.2a), permitindo também a liberação do vento do sistema. No mais, todo o vento incide em ângulo inferior a 45° graus e escoa pelas paredes direcionadoras se dirigindo para o centro da turbina. Dessa forma todo o sistema permite que o vento flua, o que não ocorre com prédios, em que o vento é diretamente barrado em ângulo de 90° graus dependendo da direção da corrente de vento. Esse fator permitirá a construção de altas paredes de modo económico. Looking at the system from a top view (fig.1) you can see the six-propeller turbine in the center. Four 90 ° degree forks are located around the turbine with all forks pointing into the system. The openings of the four forks go north, south, east and west. In these fork the air gates will be installed. Such gates will be double, having two opening axes, each at one end. They open to the right when the wind comes from one direction and to the left when it comes from the other (fig.2a). In this example each fork has seven gate columns, each column with a certain amount of gate. All floodgates are loose. They lock in their alignment and open at a 45-degree angle, allowing the wind to flow toward the center of the turbine. Such columns will be tall and built to withstand strong wind currents. Locking in the opening can be done by cables or springs connected to the end of the gates, because in extreme winds should be flexible, adapting and giving in to wind conditions, so that they must suffer certain wind pressure to exceed 45 °. degrees of openness. We can see that only at the extremities of this system will the wind strike at an angle greater than 45 degrees. This incidence is the exception. The double opening of the gates will allow the free flow of the wind when it hits directly (fig.2a), also allowing the wind to be released from the system. In addition, all wind falls at an angle of less than 45 degrees and seeps through the driving walls toward the center of the turbine. In this way the whole system allows wind to flow, which is not the case with buildings, where the wind is directly barred at an angle of 90 ° depending on the direction of the wind stream. This factor will allow the construction of high walls economically.
Passo a denominar as bifurcações de setores. Observa- se para melhor entendimento que quando o vento vem do sul (fig.1) as colunas de comportas do setor sul estarão abertas permitindo o fluxo do vento para o centro da turbina. No mesmo caso, quatro colunas do setor leste e três do oeste se travam na parede, direcionando o vento em um ângulo de 45° graus para o centro da turbina. As partes fixas potencializam o direcionamento da corrente de vento para as pás.  I call the sector bifurcations. It is observed for better understanding that when the wind comes from the south (fig.1) the gates columns of the south sector will be open allowing the wind to flow to the center of the turbine. In the same case, four east and three west columns lock on the wall, directing the wind at a 45-degree angle to the center of the turbine. The fixed parts make it possible to direct the wind current to the blades.
No segundo exemplo (fig.2) o vento vem da direção sudoeste. Neste caso três colunas de comportas do setor sul e quatro do setor oeste se abrem e se travam em ângulo de 45° graus direcionando o vento. Outras comportas restantes desses dois setores serão fechadas pela ação do vento. Ao redor da turbina dezesseis pequenas comportas terão a função de impedir o fluxo contrário do vento. Elas se travam para um lado impedindo o fluxo em sentido horário bem como pressionam o vento contra a turbina, sendo que se abrirão quando sofrerem determinada pressão do vento permitindo que o mesmo flua. In the second example (fig.2) the wind comes from the southwest direction. In this case three columns of the south and four west sector gates open and lock at 45 ° angle directing the wind. Other remaining floodgates from these two sectors will be closed by wind action. Around the turbine sixteen small gates will have the function of preventing the opposite flow of wind. They lock to one side preventing clockwise flow as well as press the wind against the turbine, They will open when they suffer a certain pressure from the wind allowing it to flow.
Acima das oito paredes curvas, ao redor da turbina, será construída uma laje de concreto que deverá aumentar a pressão do vento para impulsionar mais eficientemente as hélices. Essa laje terá um vão central para saída do vento.  Above the eight curved walls around the turbine will be constructed a concrete slab that will increase wind pressure to propel the props more efficiently. This slab will have a central gap for wind output.
Os desenhos representados pelas figuras 1 , 2 e 3 foram feitos unicamente para melhor compreensão do invento. Proporção, posição, inclinação das comportas, dimensionamento, quantidade e formato das pás da turbina bem como infinitos detalhes somente poderão ser definidos após protótipo com testes, acertos e erros. Enfim, tal invento carece desenvolvimento sendo que naturalmente irá evoluir com experimentos.  The drawings represented by figures 1, 2 and 3 were made solely for a better understanding of the invention. Proportion, position, gate tilt, sizing, quantity and shape of turbine blades as well as infinite details can only be defined after prototype with tests, hits and errors. Anyway, such an invention lacks development and will naturally evolve with experiments.
Quanto ao sistema de flutuação (fig.3), este substituirá rolamentos que sustentam grande massa. Nesse invento o que se busca é um sistema de captação eólica de grande proporção que deverá substituir as turbinas convencionais. Como exemplo a referida turbina vertical teria cerca de 40 metros de altura por cerca de 15 metros de raio. Supondo um peso de cem toneladas, a turbina seria construída fixa sobre uma grande barcaça redonda em formato de bóia, tendo um orifício no centro (fig.3a). O raio e a profundidade (volume) dessa barcaça gigante deverão deslocar cem mil litros de água, gerando a flutuação. Flutuaria como uma bóia ou sobre uma camada de ar, como um copo de boca para baixo na água. A superfície da barcaça em contato com a água deverá ser extremamente lisa, minimizando a rugosidade/resistência. O balanceamento, nivelação da água e formato arredondado deverão ser absolutamente precisos, de forma a deslizar pelo líquido em movimento circular sem deslocar a água. A referida barcaça poderá ser construída com fibra de vidro e metal, próprios da construção de embarcações. As for the flotation system (fig.3), it will replace bearings that support large mass. In this invention what is sought is a large wind capture system that should replace conventional turbines. As an example said vertical turbine would be about 40 meters high by about 15 meters radius. Assuming a weight of 100 tons, the turbine would be constructed fixed on a large round float-shaped barge with a hole in the center (fig.3a). The radius and depth (volume) of this giant barge should displace one hundred thousand liters of water, generating the fluctuation. It would float like a float or over a layer of air, like a glass upside down in water. The surface of the barge in contact with water should be extremely smooth, minimizing roughness / strength. Balancing, water leveling and The round shape should be absolutely accurate so that it slides through the liquid in a circular motion without displacing the water. Said barge may be constructed of fiberglass and metal, typical of boat construction.
O reservatório, que será de concreto, deverá ser construído de forma semelhante a uma forma redonda usada para fazer bolo, tendo no centro uma abertura (fig.3b). Através dessa abertura o eixo da turbina será fixado por um rolamento. Também na parte superior da turbina outro rolamento manterá o eixo perfeitamente alinhado na posição vertical. Os rolamentos não sustentam a turbina, que é sustentada somente pela água ou ar. As bordas do reservatório serão tapadas para impedir o contato do vento com a água de forma a impossibilitar qualquer ondulação, que poderia gerar leve oscilação da turbina. O gerador poderá ser posicionado abaixo do reservatório ou na laje acima da turbina, sendo ligado ao seu eixo.  The reservoir, which will be of concrete, should be constructed similar to a round shape used to make a cake, with an opening in the center (fig.3b). Through this opening the turbine shaft will be fixed by a bearing. Also at the top of the turbine another bearing will keep the shaft perfectly aligned in an upright position. The bearings do not support the turbine, which is supported only by water or air. The edges of the reservoir will be covered to prevent wind from contacting the water to prevent any undulation that could cause slight turbine oscillation. The generator may be positioned below the reservoir or on the slab above the turbine and be attached to its shaft.
Por absurdo que possa parecer essa turbina não deverá ser leve. Pelo contrário, sua massa poderá ser relativa, pois independentemente do peso ela irá girar com um coeficiente de rugosidade/atrito insignificante. O peso irá favorecer a inércia, pois nesse sistema mesmo o vento mais leve irá mover a turbina. A inércia acumularia energia cinética diminuindo a oscilação da velocidade da turbina, causada pela mudança na velocidade das correntes de vento. Um sistema poderia ser construído separadamente, ligado à turbina por eixo e embreagem, com a única finalidade de acumular energia cinética. Esse sistema aproveitaria ventos de alta velocidade, compensando momentos de falta de vento, regulando a velocidade do gerador. As absurd as it may seem this turbine should not be light. On the contrary, its mass may be relative, because regardless of weight it will rotate with an insignificant roughness / friction coefficient. Weight will favor inertia, because in this system even the lightest wind will move the turbine. Inertia would accumulate kinetic energy by decreasing the oscillation of the turbine speed caused by the change in the speed of wind currents. A system could be constructed separately, connected to the shaft and clutch turbine, for the sole purpose of accumulating kinetic energy. This system would take advantage of high-speed winds, compensating for moments of windlessness by regulating generator speed.
A maior das turbinas de eixo horizontal possui menos que 1000m2 de área de superfície em suas três pás sendo que somente o vento que colide com suas pás é convertido em movimento. O atrito com rolamentos diminui o rendimento, pois a hélice pesa em média trinta toneladas. Nesse sistema de eixo vertical, grande quantidade de vento seria captada (40m de altura por 100m de extensão, exemplificando), afunilado para o centro da turbina e transformado em energia mecânica. O atrito aqui é reduzido a um coeficiente insignificante. A construção de um sistema de grandes dimensões despenderia uso de tecnologia bastante simples em relação às turbinas convencionais. The largest of the horizontal axis turbines has less than 1000m 2 of surface area on its three blades and only the wind that collides with its blades is converted into motion. Bearing friction decreases performance as the propeller weighs an average of 30 tons. In this vertical axis system, a large amount of wind would be caught (40m high by 100m long, for example), tapered to the center of the turbine and transformed into mechanical energy. Friction here is reduced to an insignificant coefficient. Building a large system would require very simple technology compared to conventional turbines.

Claims

REIVINDICAÇÕES
1 - Turbina Eólica Flutuante de Eixo Vertical caracterizada por possuir um sistema de captação de vento composto por paredes fixas e comportas móveis que se abrem e se fecham pela ação do vento, permitindo a captação do vento de todas as direções e o convergindo para a turbina.  1 - Vertical Axis Floating Wind Turbine characterized by having a wind capture system composed of fixed walls and movable gates that open and close by the action of the wind, allowing the capture of wind from all directions and converging it to the turbine. .
2 - Turbina Eólica Flutuante de Eixo Vertical, caracterizada pelo fato de possuir um sistema em que se sustenta e gira flutuando sobre uma camada de ar, livre do atrito com partes mecânicas móveis, podendo tal sistema, por eliminar a resistência, além de ter a finalidade de sustentar a turbina, ser construído separadamente com a função de acumular energia cinética.  2 - Floating Vertical Shaft Wind Turbine, characterized by the fact that it has a system that supports and rotates floating on an air layer, free of friction with moving mechanical parts, which can, by eliminating resistance, besides having the purpose of supporting the turbine, be built separately with the function of accumulating kinetic energy.
PCT/BR2010/000245 2009-07-15 2010-07-14 Floating vertical-axis wind turbine WO2011006227A1 (en)

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BRPI0904411-6A BRPI0904411A2 (en) 2009-07-15 2009-07-15 vertical axis floating wind turbine
BRPI-0904411-6 2009-07-15

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4416560A1 (en) * 1994-02-15 1995-08-17 Juergen Hauschildt Generator powered by viscous drag of fluid flow
US20030025335A1 (en) * 2001-08-06 2003-02-06 Elder Dillyn M. Wind turbine system
US20060232076A1 (en) * 2005-04-14 2006-10-19 Natural Forces, Llc Reduced friction wind turbine apparatus and method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4416560A1 (en) * 1994-02-15 1995-08-17 Juergen Hauschildt Generator powered by viscous drag of fluid flow
US20030025335A1 (en) * 2001-08-06 2003-02-06 Elder Dillyn M. Wind turbine system
US20060232076A1 (en) * 2005-04-14 2006-10-19 Natural Forces, Llc Reduced friction wind turbine apparatus and method

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