WO2011004508A1 - Water storage facility, method of constructing water storage facility, method of increasing load capacity of water storage facility against horizontal load acting thereon, and method of preventing horizontal displacement of framework block - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are a method and structure for reinforcing a water storage facility for rainwater, and a framework block unit used therefor.  The method and structure can, without using a special resin framework block, reinforce the water storage facility against a horizontal load.  A framework block (1d) is provided at the lowest stage with supports (5) facing upward, and a framework block (1c) is provided above the framework block (1d) with supports (5) facing downward.  A reinforcing plate (13) is installed on a base plate (3) of the framework block (1c).  A framework block (1b) is provided on the reinforcing plate (13) with supports (5) facing upward.  A framework block (1a) is provided on the framework block (1b) with support (5) facing downward.

Description

Water storage facility, water storage facility construction method, water storage facility horizontal load resistance improvement method, and skeleton block horizontal displacement prevention method

The present invention relates to an underground water storage facility for storing rainwater and the like, a construction method for the storage facility, and the like.

Conventionally used for various purposes such as preventing flooding due to rainwater, etc. so that the river does not increase at once, securing drinking water for isolated villages during floods, or for watering large parking lots, etc. Water storage facilities that store water are used. Since the water storage facility is provided in the basement and people and vehicles may pass therethrough, a plurality of skeleton blocks are stacked inside the storage tank such as the water storage facility.

As an example in which the storage tank is formed of a plurality of skeleton blocks, for example, a water-permeable or water-permeable sheet is lined on the inner surface of the water reservoir, and a resin skeleton block is assembled in the inner space. There is a storage facility (Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2). Moreover, as a skeleton block provided in such a reservoir layer, there is a unit member having a structure that locks the abutted state when the cylinder portions are abutted against the top of the cylinder portion (Patent Document 3). .

JP 2007-71019 A JP 2007-231699 A JP 2000-352080 A

The storage facilities described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are capable of storing rainwater and the like, and are also subjected to vertical force by the support of the resin skeleton block.

By the way, the resin skeleton block needs to be as light and compact as possible. This is because, if the resin skeleton block is given strength more than necessary, the cost and the weight of the resin skeleton block are increased, and the workability of the construction is remarkably deteriorated.

For example, FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view showing a skeleton block 60 (60a, 60b, 60c, 60d) used in such a conventional rainwater storage tank, and FIG. 12 is a front view showing the assembled skeleton block 60. It is. The skeleton block 60 includes a substrate 61, a support 63, and the like.

The substrate 61 is a rectangular plate-like member, and a plurality of holes 67 that are permeable to water are formed. A column 63 is erected on one side of the center of the substrate 61. The column 63 is cylindrical and has a hole 65 formed therein.

As shown in FIG. 12, in order to assemble the skeleton block 60, the skeleton blocks 60 are turned upside down in the vertical direction and stacked so that the columns 63 or the substrates 61 face each other.

In the example of FIG. 12, the skeleton block 60d is arranged at the lower stage so that the support 63 faces upward, and the skeleton block 60c is arranged above the support 63 so that the support 63 faces downward. At this time, the tips of the struts 63 of the skeleton blocks 60d and 60c come into contact with each other. On the substrate 61 of the skeleton block 60c, a skeleton block 60b is further provided with the column 63 facing upward, and the skeleton block 60a is disposed thereon with the column 63 facing downward. The tips of the support columns 63 of the skeleton blocks 60a and 60b come into contact with each other. The skeleton block 60 is assembled in the vertical direction by repeating the above.

FIG. 13A shows a water storage tank 65 using the skeleton block 60. A plurality of skeleton blocks 60 are assembled in the water storage tank 65. The skeleton block 60 has the column 63 as described above, and receives a vertical force by the column 63. The force in the vertical direction depends on the depth of the water storage tank 65 because the skeleton block is usually made of synthetic resin and the skeleton block itself is lightweight. , Will not change significantly.

On the other hand, if the installation range of the water storage facility is not wide, it is necessary to install the storage facility in a narrow range. In this case, it is necessary to increase the depth of the storage part of the water storage facility. However, when the reservoir is deepened, the earth pressure from the surroundings becomes larger with respect to the resin skeleton block provided inside. Therefore, using a resin skeleton block that can withstand horizontal earth pressure of 5 to 6 m, which is the depth of general water storage facilities, for example, a deeper water storage facility of 7 to 10 m depth, for example. If constructed, the resin skeleton block may be damaged by the earth pressure in the deepest part.

FIG. 13B is a conceptual diagram showing a skeleton block 60 installed in the deepest part, for example. The skeleton block 60 is formed by the support 63 and the substrate 61. As shown in FIG. 13B, horizontal earth pressure (in the direction of arrow P in the figure) is applied to the substrate 61 in the horizontal direction. The substrate 61 is designed to withstand the earth pressure of a predetermined depth. However, as shown in the figure, the board 61 may be damaged when the earth pressure is deeper than that. In particular, since the force in the horizontal direction increases substantially in proportion to the depth, it becomes a big problem for a skeleton block installed in a deep part.

However, if the substrate 61 is strengthened more than necessary, the strength of the skeleton block used in a shallow position becomes excessive, which is not desirable. Further, if the skeleton blocks for the shallow part and the deep part are properly used, there are a plurality of product shapes, which is not desirable in consideration of product management, molds, etc. (manufacturing cost, etc.).

Furthermore, there are other horizontal force problems. That is, when a shaking such as an earthquake occurs, the resin skeleton block assembled in the vertical direction may be displaced by a horizontal force. For example, as shown in FIG. 13 (c), the skeletal blocks 60 stacked in the vertical direction are vertically aligned due to a displacement (a direction indicated by an arrow Q in the figure) generated as a result of accumulation of horizontal displacement force due to earthquake vibration. There is a risk that the position of will shift. The occurrence of such a shift not only becomes weaker than the force in the horizontal direction, but also the strength of the vertical block force is greatly reduced because the axis of the support of the skeleton block is shifted.

There is a skeleton block having a locking portion as in Patent Document 3 in order to suppress such a shift of the contact portion between the columns. 14 is an exploded perspective view showing a skeleton block 80 (80a, 80b, 80c, 80d) which is an example of a skeleton block having a locking portion, and FIG. 15 is a front sectional view showing the assembled skeleton block 80. is there. The skeleton block 80 includes a substrate 81, four support columns 83, and the like.

The substrate 81 is a rectangular plate-like member, and is formed with a plurality of holes 87 that are permeable to water. Supports 83 are erected in the vicinity of the four corners on one side of the substrate 81. On the upper surface of the support 83, a recess 89 and a protrusion 91 are provided on the support 83 on the diagonal line.

As shown in FIG. 15, the skeleton block 80 is assembled in the same manner as the skeleton block 60, but at the contact portion between the columns 83 of the skeleton block 80 a and the skeleton block 80 b (or the skeleton block 80 c and the skeleton block 80 d) facing each other. The concave portion 89 and the convex portion 91 are fitted. Thereby, the shift | offset | difference of the support | pillar 83 front-end | tip is suppressed.

However, the contact between the support posts 83 increases the span between the substrates 81. Therefore, the locking effect of the contact portions between the support posts 83 is not sufficient to prevent the displacement when receiving a shear load in the horizontal direction. . Further, there is no effect on the breakage of the substrate 81 as described above. Moreover, since the fitting portion is provided at the tip of the column, water accumulates in the column, water does not flow downward in the column, and air accumulates, so that there is a problem that water storage efficiency is deteriorated.

The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and without using a plurality of types of resin skeleton blocks, water that does not cause breakage or displacement with respect to force in the direction of water storage flattening. The purpose is to provide storage facilities and construction methods for water storage facilities.

In order to achieve the above-described object, the first invention is a water storage facility that is provided in the basement and stores water, a water storage part dug into the ground, and a plurality of skeleton blocks arranged in the water storage part, A reinforcing member that is a plate-like member attached to the skeleton block; a side plate provided on a side surface of the water storage portion; and a covering layer that covers a top plate at the top of the water storage portion. A plate-like substrate having a plurality of skeleton blocks in the horizontal direction in the water storage section. Further, the columns are stacked upside down in the vertical direction, and the columns and fitting holes of the upper skeleton block in which the columns are directed downward are directed upward. The lower skeleton The fitting hole and the support column of the lock are respectively fitted, and the reinforcement member is disposed between at least a part of the substrates facing each other of the skeleton block assembled in the vertical direction, and the reinforcement member The water storage facility has a fitting structure in which the substrate is fitted.

On the substrate, two pillars provided on the diagonal line of the substrate, and two fitting holes provided on a diagonal line of the part where the pillar is not provided, are provided. The assembled structure of at least a part of the skeleton block is provided with the lower skeleton block in which the support column is directed upward, and the upper skeleton block in which the support column is disposed downward is provided. The upper skeleton block is arranged so as to be shifted by a half pitch vertically and horizontally with respect to the lower skeleton block, and the upper skeleton block is arranged so as to straddle four adjacent lower skeleton blocks. It is preferable that the support column and the fitting hole are assembled with the fitting hole and the support column of the lower skeleton block.

A first fitting protrusion and a first fitting hole are provided on a surface of the substrate opposite to the side on which the support column is erected, and the reinforcing member is provided on one surface of the reinforcing member. A second fitting hole corresponding to the first fitting protrusion of the substrate contacting the one surface side of the reinforcing member is provided, and the other surface of the reinforcing member is provided on the other surface side of the reinforcing member. A second fitting protrusion corresponding to the first fitting hole of the board to be contacted is provided, and the fitting structure is a fitting between the first fitting protrusion and the second fitting hole. And the first fitting hole and the second fitting protrusion, and at the joint portion between the boards, the first fitting protrusion and the first fitting of each of the upper and lower boards stacked. The fitting holes are fitted to each other, and the second fitting protrusions and the second fitting protrusions of the upper and lower reinforcing members stacked at the joint portion between the reinforcing members are connected to each other. The fitting hole of may be fitted each other each other.

Each support of the skeleton block stacked in the vertical direction is arranged in the vertical direction directly or via the substrate and / or the reinforcing member, and penetrates the supporting column and the reinforcing member arranged in the vertical direction. As described above, a rod-shaped member is further provided, and a rod-shaped member support portion is provided on the inner surface of the tip end portion of the column. The rod-shaped member is held by the rod-shaped member support portion, and the portion of the reinforcing member through which the rod-shaped member passes A support portion for supporting the rod-shaped member may be formed, and the rod-shaped member may be supported by the reinforcing member at least at every installation interval in the vertical direction of the reinforcing member.

In addition, a precipitation tank into which water flows from an inflow port is provided in a part of the water storage unit, and the skeleton block partially cut out and the reinforcing plate cut out in part are provided in the precipitation tank. A work hole communicating in the vertical direction is provided by the skeleton block that is assembled and partly cut out and the reinforcing plate that is partly cut out, a partition wall is provided so as to surround the precipitation tank, and the precipitation The size of the skeleton block provided in the tank and the water reservoir may be the same. Furthermore, an inner plate may be provided on at least a part of the side plate toward the inner side of the water storage portion substantially perpendicularly to the side plate.

According to the first invention, the skeleton block is piled up while fitting the support of the skeleton block and the fitting hole provided in the substrate, so that there is no horizontal displacement of the support. In addition, compared with the case where the pillar ends are brought into contact with each other and stacked, the space between the substrates of the skeleton blocks assembled in the vertical direction can be narrowed (about 1/2), so that the part responsible for earth pressure This is effective against horizontal force (earth pressure) applied to the entire side plate.

In particular, two struts provided on one diagonal line and two fitting holes provided on the other diagonal line that can be fitted to the tip of the strut are turned upside down to fit with the struts. By stacking the holes while fitting them together, a total of four struts are turned upside down between the boards, and the tips are fitted with the fitting holes provided in the other board, so that assembly is possible. It is easy and an efficient structure can be obtained with one kind of skeleton block.

Furthermore, by assembling the upper and lower skeleton blocks by shifting each half pitch horizontally and vertically, not only the skeleton blocks stacked in the vertical direction but also the skeleton blocks adjacent in the horizontal direction are firmly connected to each other. Generation | occurrence | production of a shift | offset | difference or a break can be prevented. In this case, since a space corresponding to a half pitch is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the assembled skeleton block, a half skeleton block corresponding to a half pitch, an L-shaped skeleton block, or the like is formed on the outer peripheral portion as necessary. Can be assembled.

In addition, a side plate is provided on the inner side surface of the water storage section, and a reinforcing member is sandwiched between a part of the substrates of the skeleton block assembled vertically (for example, between the substrates at a position deeper than a predetermined depth). Therefore, the reinforcing member can receive the earth pressure applied to the side plate. For this reason, an excessive horizontal force is not applied to the substrate and the substrate is not damaged. In addition, the reinforcing member is provided not in a part between the substrates of the skeleton blocks assembled in the vertical direction, but in all the depth directions in order to improve vibration resistance depending on the ground outside the water storage part. Also good.

Even in this case, the skeleton block is a normal one (for example, one having a horizontal load capacity capable of withstanding earth pressure in a range of about 5 to 6 m), and the entire inside of the storage tank (for example, 8 to 10 m deep). Etc.), and it is not necessary to use a plurality of types of skeleton blocks or skeleton blocks having excessive strength.

In addition, by providing a fitting protrusion and a fitting hole on the back surface (surface opposite to the support column) of the substrate, and by providing a fitting protrusion and a fitting hole in the reinforcing member to correspond to this, The substrate and the reinforcing member are fitted and fixed, and a shift or the like between them can be prevented. Furthermore, since the fitting protrusions and fitting holes provided on the substrates can also be used for fitting between the substrates, the displacement between the substrates can be prevented, and the fitting protrusions and fittings provided on the reinforcing member can be prevented. The holes can also be used for fitting the reinforcing members. For this reason, the shift | offset | difference of board | substrates and reinforcement members can also be prevented. Note that the fitting protrusions and fitting holes provided on the substrate and reinforcing member of the skeleton block must withstand shear stresses such as earthquakes, so pay careful attention to this point when designing the clearance and strength of fitting parts. There is a need to. For example, in this respect, it is possible to increase the strength against the earth pressure and the side pressure received by the substrate outer periphery by increasing the peripheral length of the engaging protrusion of the engaging portion as much as possible and further increasing the length of the portion parallel to the outer peripheral portion of the substrate. it can.

Also, if a rod-shaped member that penetrates the support column is provided, it is possible to maintain a state in which the columns are aligned in the vertical direction without any deviation. For this reason, the state where the skeleton block is assembled in the vertical direction is maintained even with respect to the force (or vibration) in the horizontal direction. Even if a slight deviation occurs momentarily, since the skeleton block is restrained by the rod-like member, the recovery of the instantaneous displacement of the rod-like member is accompanied by the skeleton block restrained by the rod-like member. Can return to position. As a result, the skeleton block does not shift horizontally or diagonally. That is, there is no fear of a decrease in the strength of the skeleton block in the horizontal direction due to a horizontal shift of the skeleton block, or a shift or inclination of the axis of the support column. Here, the rod-shaped member is a hollow pipe or a solid member, and the cross-sectional shape of the rod-shaped member is a shape aligned with a through-hole provided in a support column tip surface (tip opposite to the substrate surface). It is desirable.

Also, by providing a rod-shaped member support portion on the inner surface of the tip end portion of the column, the rod-shaped member can be more reliably held by the column. In order to increase the water storage rate of the water storage facility, the rod-shaped member is preferably a hollow pipe. By making the rod-shaped member a hollow pipe, rainwater can be stored in the pipe. Moreover, if a water passage hole is provided in the pipe-like rod-shaped member, it is possible to facilitate the penetration of water from the water storage space into the rod-shaped member. The water passage hole is a micro hole having a diameter of several mm.

Also, by providing a sedimentation tank in the water storage tank, it is possible to prevent intrusion of earth and sand into the water storage section. Moreover, since the work hole is provided in the settling tank, monitoring and cleaning in the settling tank are easy. Moreover, since a sedimentation tank is divided by a partition wall and a skeleton block is provided inside and outside the partition wall, the partition wall can be reliably held. Further, since the work hole is formed by a skeleton block with a part of the substrate cut out and a reinforcing member formed in the same shape as the skeleton block with a part of the substrate cut, The strength can be sufficiently secured. In particular, the skeletal blocks used for the water storage section and the settling tank are approximately the same size (note that the approximately same size is the size of the portion that does not take into account notches regardless of the presence or absence of notches provided in part of the substrate. Therefore, there is no stress concentration in the water reservoir, and the skeleton block does not collapse. Furthermore, if an inner plate is provided on a part of the side wall inwardly substantially perpendicular to the side wall, a reinforcing effect is exerted against earth pressure from the outside of the side wall. Note that the inner plate is joined to the side plate, or is erected between the skeleton blocks in the water storage section.

2nd invention is the construction method of the water storage facility which is provided in the basement and stores water, excavating the ground to form a water storage part, and a skeleton block and a reinforcing member in the water storage part And a step (c) of providing a side wall and an upper covering portion so as to cover the skeleton block and the reinforcing member, and the skeleton block has a flat plate shape having a water passage hole. A substrate, a support column erected on one surface of the substrate, and a fitting hole provided in the substrate; and in the step (b), the lower skeleton block faces the support column upward. The horizontal skeleton block is shifted by a half pitch vertically and horizontally in the horizontal direction with respect to the lower skeleton block above the lower skeleton block. Upper skeleton block It is arranged so as to straddle the four adjacent lower skeleton blocks, and the struts and the fitting holes of the upper skeleton block are respectively fitted with the fitting holes and the struts of the lower skeleton block, A step of fixing the reinforcing member to the upper surface of the substrate of the upper skeleton block, and a step of installing the reinforcing member between at least some of the substrates facing each other. It is a construction method.

3rd invention is the construction method of the water storage facility which is provided in the basement and stores water, excavating the ground to form a water storage part, and a skeleton block and a reinforcing member in the water storage part And a step (c) of providing a side wall and an upper covering portion so as to cover the skeleton block and the reinforcing member, and the skeleton block has a flat plate shape having water passage holes. A substrate, a support column erected on one surface of the substrate, and a fitting hole provided in the substrate, wherein the step (b) has the lower skeleton block facing the support column upward The upper skeleton block with the support column facing downward is disposed above the lower skeleton block, and the support column and the fitting hole of the upper skeleton block are arranged on the lower skeleton block. The fitting hole of the skeleton block; And a step of fixing the reinforcing member to the upper surface of the substrate of the upper skeleton block, and a step of installing the reinforcing member between at least some of the substrates facing each other. This is a construction method of a water storage facility characterized by
In the second and third aspects of the present invention, after the step (b), a step of providing a rod-like member that penetrates the skeleton block and the reinforcing member may be further provided.

According to the second and third inventions, the skeleton blocks are stacked upside down, and at least some of the skeleton blocks are provided with reinforcing members between the substrates facing each other, and the reinforcing members and Since the side plate is provided on the inner surface of the reservoir so as to cover the skeleton block, the reinforcing member can be subjected to earth pressure applied to the side plate, so that the substrate is damaged without applying excessive horizontal force to the substrate. There is no. Therefore, it is not necessary to use a plurality of types of skeleton blocks or skeleton blocks having excessive strength.

Note that if the reinforcing member is provided between the substrates facing each other located at a depth of a predetermined depth or more, the storage portion can be efficiently reinforced. Here, the predetermined depth refers to a depth at which a horizontal earth pressure that increases according to the depth increases with respect to the horizontal load resistance of the substrate of the skeleton block to be used. The horizontal load resistance of the substrate of the skeleton block is a load resistance value in view of a general safety factor. In addition, said design is a case of a basic design, A reinforcement member can also be used for all the depth directions of a water reservoir irrespective of the depth according to the conditions of an installation place.

Also, by stacking the skeletal block while fitting the struts of the skeleton block and the holes provided in the board, there is no horizontal displacement of the struts, compared with the case where the strut tips are brought into contact with each other and stacked. Thus, the distance between the substrates of the skeleton blocks assembled in the vertical direction can be reduced to about ½ from about two support columns to one.

In particular, if the upper and lower skeleton blocks are assembled by shifting by half a pitch in the horizontal and vertical directions, not only the skeleton blocks stacked in the vertical direction, but also the four adjacent skeleton blocks below from the upper skeleton block pillars. Since the load from the skeleton block is simultaneously applied, the skeleton blocks adjacent in the horizontal direction are also firmly connected to each other, and it is possible to prevent the skeleton block from being displaced or broken.

In addition, when assembling the skeletal blocks in order from the bottom, the upper skeletal block stably fits with the lower skeletal block, so that when the operator works on each skeletal block, the skeletal block collapses. It is safe without fear.

4th invention is a horizontal direction load-proof improvement method of water storage facilities, Comprising: The water storage part dug down to the ground, The skeleton block arrange | positioned in plurality in the said water storage part, The plate-shaped member attached to the said skeleton block A reinforcing plate, a side plate provided on a side surface of the water storage unit, and a covering unit that covers the upper surface of the water storage unit, and the skeleton block includes a flat substrate having a water passage hole, and one of the substrates And two support columns provided on the diagonal line of the substrate and two fitting holes provided on the diagonal line of the portion provided on the substrate and not provided with the support column In the water storage section, a plurality of the skeletal blocks are provided side by side in the horizontal direction vertically and horizontally, and are stacked with the vertical direction reversed in the vertical direction, and the support column is disposed upward. The lower skeleton The upper skeletal block in which the rack is disposed with the struts facing downward is arranged with a half-pitch shifted vertically and horizontally in the horizontal direction with respect to the lower skeleton block, and the upper skeleton block The blocks are arranged so as to straddle the adjacent four lower skeleton blocks, and the support pillars and the fitting holes of the upper skeleton block are respectively fitted with the fitting holes and the support pillars of the lower skeleton block. The reinforcing member assembled as described above is disposed between at least a part of the substrates facing each other of the skeleton block assembled in the vertical direction, and has a fitting structure in which the reinforcing member and the substrate are fitted. It is the horizontal direction load-proof improvement method of the water storage facility characterized by having.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, the skeleton blocks are stacked upside down, and at least some of the skeleton blocks are provided with reinforcing members between the substrates facing each other. Since the side plate is provided on the inner surface of the storage layer so as to cover, the reinforcing member can receive the earth pressure applied to the side plate. Therefore, the substrate is not damaged without applying excessive horizontal force to the substrate.

5th invention is the horizontal direction prevention method of the skeleton block in a water storage facility, Comprising: The water storage part dug down to the ground, The skeleton block arrange | positioned in multiple in the said water storage part, Attached to the said skeleton block A reinforcing member that is a plate-like member; a side plate provided on a side surface of the water storage portion; and a covering portion that covers an upper surface of the water storage portion; and the skeleton block includes a flat plate-like substrate having water passage holes; Two support columns provided on one side of the substrate and provided on a diagonal line of the substrate; and two support columns provided on the diagonal line of a portion provided on the substrate and not provided with the support column. A plurality of the skeletal blocks arranged in a row in the horizontal direction vertically and horizontally, and vertically stacked in the vertical direction so that the support columns face upward. Being placed under The upper skeletal block in which the skeleton block is disposed and the support column is directed downward is arranged with a half pitch shift in the horizontal and vertical directions with respect to the lower skeleton block. The skeleton block is arranged so as to straddle the four lower skeleton blocks adjacent to each other, and the column and the fitting hole of the upper skeleton block are respectively connected to the fitting hole and the column of the lower skeleton block. The reinforcement member assembled and assembled is disposed between at least a part of the substrates facing each other of the skeleton block assembled in the vertical direction, and the reinforcement member and the substrate are fitted to each other. Each strut of the skeletal block that has a structure and is stacked in the vertical direction directly or directly supports the substrate and / or the reinforcing member. In the method for preventing horizontal displacement of the skeleton block in the water storage facility, a rod-shaped member is provided so as to penetrate the column and the reinforcing member arranged in the vertical direction. is there.

According to the fifth invention, the skeleton blocks are stacked upside down, and at least some of the skeleton blocks are provided with reinforcing members between the substrates facing each other. Since a side plate is provided on the inner surface of the reservoir so as to cover and a rod-like member penetrating the support column and the like is provided, occurrence of horizontal displacement of the skeleton block due to vibration such as an earthquake can be prevented.

The present invention provides a water storage facility and a water storage facility construction method that do not cause damage or displacement with respect to the force in the water storage flattening direction without using multiple types of resin skeleton blocks. can do.

The disassembled perspective view which shows the state by which the frame | skeleton blocks 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d and the reinforcement board 13 were assembled up and down. The front view which shows the state with which the frame | skeleton blocks 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d and the reinforcement board 13 were assembled up and down. FIG. 2 is a view showing a state in which the skeleton blocks 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d and the reinforcing plate 13 are assembled up and down by the fitting protrusions 19 and the fitting holes 21, and is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. It is a figure which shows the state which assembled | assembled the frame | skeleton blocks 1e-1i in zigzag form, (a) is a top view, (b) is a front view. The figure which shows the state by which frame | skeleton block 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d and the reinforcement board 13 'were assembled | assembled up and down by the fitting protrusion 19 and the fitting hole 21. As shown in FIG. The figure which shows frame | skeleton blocks 1 'and 1' 'which have rod-shaped member support part 27a, 27b. The elevation which shows the rainwater storage layer 30. FIG. It is a figure which shows the state in which the pipe 41 which penetrates the support | pillar 5 was provided, (a) is a figure which shows the pipe 41 which penetrates the skeleton block 1, (b) is a pipe which penetrates the skeleton block which has the rod-shaped member support part 27a. FIG. 41C is a diagram showing the pipe 41 penetrating the skeleton block through the rod-shaped member support portion 27b. The top view which shows the rainwater storage layer. FIG. 3 is an elevation view showing the loading device 70. The disassembled perspective view which shows the state by which the skeleton blocks 60a, 60b, 60c, 60d were assembled up and down. The front view which shows the state by which the frame | skeleton blocks 60a, 60b, 60c, 60d were assembled up and down. (A) is an elevation view showing a conventional rainwater storage tank 65, (b) is a diagram showing a state in which the substrate 61 of the skeleton block 60 is damaged by a horizontal force, and (c) is a skeleton block by a horizontal force. The figure which shows the state which 60 shifted | deviated. The disassembled perspective view which shows the state by which the skeleton blocks 80a, 80b, 80c, 80d were assembled up and down. Front sectional drawing which shows the state by which the skeleton blocks 80a, 80b, 80c, 80d were assembled up and down.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, the skeleton block used in the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a skeleton block 1 (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d), and FIG. 2 is a front view showing the assembled skeleton block 1. FIG. The skeleton block 1 includes a substrate 3 and a support column 5.

The substrate 3 is a rectangular plate-like member, and a plurality of holes 11 that are permeable to water are formed. A pair of support pillars 5 are arranged on one diagonal line of the substrate 3. The support column 5 is erected toward one side of the substrate 3. On the other diagonal line of the substrate 3 (part where the support column 5 is not disposed), a fitting hole 7 for a pair of support columns is provided.

The fitting hole 7 of the column 5 corresponds to the tip shape of the column 5, and the tip of the column 5 and the fitting hole 7 of the column can be fitted. Further, the support 5 and the fitting hole 7 of the support are provided at corresponding positions by rotating the substrate 3 just 90 degrees with the center of the substrate 3 as a base point. A rib slightly protruding from the substrate surface serving as a fitting guide may be provided around the fitting hole 7 of the support column.

The support column 5 is cylindrical and has a hole 9 formed therein. The support column 5 has a so-called taper shape with a diameter reduced in the tip direction. When the support column 5 is stacked in the same direction, the support column 5 of the lower skeleton block fits in the hole 5 of the upper skeleton block. There is no space for storage.

The reinforcing plate 13 as a reinforcing member is a rectangular plate member having holes 15 at least at four locations. The hole 15 is provided at a position corresponding to the hole 9 and the fitting hole 7 of the support column when overlapping with the substrate 3 of the skeleton block 1. A plurality of holes 17 that are permeable to water are provided at portions other than the holes 15 of the reinforcing plate 13. The size of the reinforcing plate 13 is preferably a plate-like member having the same shape as the substrate 3 of the skeleton block 1 used at the same time (the same vertical and horizontal sizes excluding thickness).

On the back surface of the substrate 3 (on the side opposite to the side on which the support column 5 is erected), there are provided a mating protrusion 19 of the substrate and mating holes 21 and 22 of the substrate. Further, on both surfaces of the reinforcing plate 13, a board fitting protrusion 23 and board fitting holes 25 and 26 are provided at portions corresponding to the board fitting protrusion 19 and the board fitting hole 21, respectively. Details of the board fitting protrusions 19 and the board fitting holes 21 and 22 will be described later.

As shown in FIG. 2, in order to assemble the skeleton block 1, the skeleton block 1 is turned upside down in the vertical direction, and stacked so that the support pillars 5 and the fitting holes 7 of the support faces each other. When the skeleton block 1 is assembled, the tip of the column 5 is fitted into the fitting hole 7 of the column.

In the example of FIG. 2, the skeleton block 1d is arranged at the lower stage so that the support column 5 faces upward, and the skeleton block 1c is arranged above the support block 5 so that the support column 5 faces downward. At this time, the tip of the column 5 of the skeleton block 1d is fitted into the fitting hole 7 of the column of the skeleton block 1c, and the tip of the column 5 of the skeleton block 1c is fitted to the column fitting hole 7 of the skeleton block 1d. To fit.

A reinforcing plate 13 is provided on the substrate 3 of the skeleton block 1c. On the reinforcing plate 13, the skeleton block 1b is arranged with the support column 3 facing upward. Further, the skeleton block 1a is arranged on the skeleton block 1b with the support column 5 facing downward. The skeletal blocks 1a and 1b are arranged so as to fit each other's pillars 5 and the fitting holes 7 of the pillars. The skeleton block 1 is assembled in the vertical direction by repeating the above. At this time, if the positions and shapes of the holes 11 of the skeleton block 1 and the holes 17 of the reinforcing plate 13 are the same (for example, a substantially similar shape), when assembled, water easily passes through each hole, The storage efficiency of water storage facilities using these is increased.

In the state where the skeleton block 1 is assembled in the vertical direction, the holes 9 penetrating the respective pillars 5 (substrate 3) and the holes 15 of the reinforcing plate 13 communicate with each other in the vertical direction. In addition, when the reinforcement board 13 is unnecessary, each board | substrate 3 of the upper and lower skeleton blocks 1b and 1c contact | abuts directly.

Here, the pair of skeleton blocks 1 are turned upside down and stacked by fitting each other's pillars 5 and the fitting holes 7 of the pillars, and the skeleton blocks 1 on or below the substrate 3 of the upper skeleton block 1. The structure in which the reinforcing plate 13 is provided under the substrate 3 is referred to as a unit structure of the skeleton block. In the example of FIG. 2, the structure including the skeleton blocks 1c and 1d and the reinforcing plate 13 (or the skeleton blocks 1a and 1b and the reinforcing plate 13) is the unit structure of the skeleton block.

FIG. 3A is a view of the substrate 3 as seen from the back side, and the fitting protrusion 19 of the substrate which is the first fitting protrusion provided on the substrate 3 and the fitting of the substrate which is the first fitting hole. FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram showing the joint holes 21 and 22, and FIG. 3B is a diagram illustrating a fitting fitting 23 of the board that is the second fitting protrusion provided on the reinforcing plate 13 and a fitting of the board that is the second fitting hole. It is a schematic diagram which shows the joint holes 25 and 26. FIG.

As shown in FIG. 3A, for example, the board fitting protrusions 19 and the board fitting holes 21 and 22 are provided in the vicinity of corners of an area where the board 3 is divided into four diagonal lines. The fitting holes 21 and 22 of the board are provided in the divided areas facing each other on one side. The board fitting holes 21 and 22 are provided at each corner of the section area (the corner and the center of the board 3). In addition, the mating projections 19 of the substrate are provided in the section areas facing each other on the other side. The board fitting protrusions 19 are provided at the corners of the board 3, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 3 (b), the board fitting protrusions 23 and the board fitting holes 25, 26 of the reinforcing plate 13 are formed in the board fitting protrusions 19 and the board fitting holes 21, 22 of the board 3. Corresponding positions are similarly provided.

FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1 when the skeleton block 1 and the like are assembled. As shown in FIG. 3C, the skeleton block 1 can be fitted not only to the support 5 and the support hole 7 of the support but also to the opposing substrate 3 and the reinforcing plate 13. That is, when the reinforcing plate 13 is provided above the skeletal blocks 1c and 1d assembled in an inverted manner, the board fitting protrusions 19 provided on the upper surface (back side) of the skeleton block 1c, the board The fitting hole 21 is fitted into the board fitting hole 25 on the lower surface of the reinforcing plate 13 and the board fitting protrusion 23. Further, the board fitting protrusions 23 and the board fitting holes 25 on the upper surface of the reinforcing plate 13 are arranged on the board fitting holes 21 on the lower surface of the board 3 of the skeleton block 1b and the board fitting protrusions 19 respectively. Each fits.

Thereby, the deviation between the skeleton block 1 and the reinforcing plate 13 is suppressed. When there is no need to provide the reinforcing plate 13, the board fitting holes 21 and the board fitting protrusions 19 provided in the opposing boards 3 are fitted into each other. Thereby, the shift | offset | difference with the board | substrate 3 of frame | skeleton blocks 1 is suppressed, and the twist and rotation on the horizontal surface of frame | skeleton blocks do not arise. In addition, since the board fitting holes 25 and the like provided in the reinforcing plate 13 serve as a guide indicating the installation position of the skeleton block 1 disposed thereon, the installation is easy and the installation position when the skeleton block is assembled. The operator will not make a mistake. Even when a plurality of reinforcing plates 13 are used in an overlapping manner, the mating protrusions 23 of the respective substrates and the mating hole 25 of the substrates on the surfaces facing each other are fitted to each other, so that deviation may occur. Absent.

4A and 4B are diagrams showing a case where the skeleton blocks 1 are stacked in a zigzag pattern. FIG. 4A is a plan view, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4A, when the skeleton blocks 1 are stacked in the vertical direction, the skeleton blocks 1 can be stacked vertically and horizontally by a half pitch with respect to the skeleton blocks 1 adjacent in the horizontal direction.

In the example shown in FIG. 4, the skeleton blocks 1e, 1f, 1g, and 1h are disposed adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction with the support column 5 facing upward, and the skeleton block 1i is disposed thereon with the support column 5 facing downward. Arrange. At this time, the upper skeleton block 1i is arranged so as to straddle the four skeleton blocks 1e, 1f, 1g, and 1h adjacent in the lower stage. That is, the column 5 of the skeleton block 1i is fitted into the fitting hole 7 of the column of the skeleton block 1e and the skeleton block 1g, and one column 5 of each of the skeleton block 1f and the skeleton block 1h is fitted to the column of the skeleton block 1i. Fit into the hole 7.

Even in this case, the reinforcing plate 13 may be provided between the substrates 3 facing each other as necessary. In this case, the reinforcing plates 13 are also arranged in a staggered manner in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, and are arranged so as to extend over the plurality of skeleton blocks 1. Even when the skeleton blocks 1 are arranged in a zigzag pattern, the lower skeleton block (for example, the skeleton block 1e) and the skeleton block 1i assembled to face the skeleton block 1 and the substrate 3 of the skeleton block 1i are provided. The configuration including the reinforcing plate 13 may be a unit structure of the skeleton block.

When the skeleton block 1 is arranged in a staggered arrangement as shown in FIG. 4, the board fitting protrusions 19 are fitted with the board fitting holes 22 (26) in the center of the board 3 (or the reinforcing plate 13). Just add

The reinforcing plate 13 may be provided with only the board fitting holes 25 ′ without providing the board fitting protrusions 23. FIG. 5 is a view showing a state in which the skeleton block 1 is assembled using the reinforcing plate 13 ′ having only the board fitting holes 25 ′, and corresponds to FIG. 3.

Compared with the reinforcing plate 13, the reinforcing plate 13 'is not provided with the board fitting protrusion 23, and the board fitting hole 25' is also provided in the portion where the board fitting protrusion 23 is provided. The board fitting hole 25 'penetrates the reinforcing plate 13'.

As shown in FIG. 5 (c), when the reinforcing plate 13 'is used, the board fitting hole 25' is provided at the position of the board fitting protrusion 19, so that the board 3 of the board 3 is fitted. The protrusion 19 is fitted into the fitting hole 25 ′ of the substrate. If the reinforcing plate 13 is not provided with a projection, a gap with the bottom surface does not occur even when the reinforcing plate is installed at the bottom. Even if the reinforcing plate 13 'is used, the skeleton blocks 1 can be assembled in a staggered manner as shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the internal structure of the column 5, and is a diagram showing a case where a rod-shaped member support portion is provided. As shown in FIG. 6A, it is desirable that a rod-shaped member support portion 27 a that protrudes toward the hole 9 side of the support column 5 is provided on the inner surface of the tip end portion of the support column 5. The rod-shaped member support portion 27 a has a shape in which the tip of the support column 5 is bent toward the center of the support column 5 and further bent below the support column 5. That is, the rod-shaped member support portion 27a reduces the inner diameter of the tip end of the hole 9 with respect to other portions. In addition, the rod-shaped member support portion 27a may be provided on the entire circumference of the hole 9 or may be formed with an interval at the edge of the hole 9.

Similarly, FIG. 6B is a diagram showing the rod-shaped member support portion 27b. The rod-shaped member support portion 27 b has a shape in which the tip of the column 5 is bent toward the center of the column 5. That is, the rod-shaped member support portion 27b reduces the inner diameter of the tip end of the hole 9 with respect to other portions. In addition, the rod-shaped member support portion 27b may be provided on the entire circumference of the hole 9 or may be formed with an interval at the edge of the hole 9. Further, it is desirable that the rod-shaped member support portion 27b is thicker than other portions of the column 5. The rod-shaped member support portions 27a and 27b improve the strength of the support column 5, and become portions that come into contact with the rod-shaped member when a rod-shaped member to be described later is inserted.

For example, a polypropylene resin can be used as the skeleton block 1. The reinforcing plate 12 can be made of resin or concrete.

Next, the water storage facility 30 formed using the skeleton block 1 (unit structure of the skeleton block) will be described. FIG. 7A shows the water storage facility 30. In the following explanation. An example in which the skeleton block 1 is assembled as shown in FIG. 2 will be described.

The water storage facility 30 is mainly provided in the basement, and a plurality of skeleton blocks 1 are assembled in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction, and a storage part 31 that stores water and a side of the storage part 31 so as to cover the skeleton block 1. It is comprised from the side plate 33 provided in (side surface), the water-permeable sheet 39 etc. which cover the storage part 31 grade | etc.,.

The storage unit 31 is a space for storing rainwater or the like flowing in from above. The bottom surface of the storage unit 31 is provided with a gravel layer (not shown). A water-permeable sheet 39 is provided around the storage unit 31. The water permeable sheet 39 permeates the water in the reservoir 31 into the surrounding ground. As the water permeable sheet 39, for example, a polyester long fiber nonwoven fabric or the like is used.

A side plate 33 is provided on the side surface of the reservoir 31. The side plate 33 receives the surrounding earth pressure and transmits force to the internal skeleton block 1, the reinforcing plate 13, and the like. The side plate 33 only needs to have a strength that does not cause damage even when it is sandwiched between the ground and a skeleton block. For example, a resin or the like can be used. The side plate may be provided with a plurality of holes through which water can permeate.

In the storage unit 31, a plurality of skeleton blocks 1 are assembled. A working hole 35 communicating in the vertical direction is formed in a part of the storage unit 31. The working hole 35 is used for checking the inside of the storage unit 31 and the like. The upper portion of the working hole 35 is in communication with the ground and is closed by an upper lid 40 that can be opened and closed. A top plate 36 that is permeable to water is provided on the upper portion of the storage portion 31, and is further covered with a coating layer 37. A water-permeable sheet 39 is also provided on the outer surface of the coating layer 37.

The water storage facility 30 is constructed as follows. First, an excavation hole is provided in the ground. Gravel or the like is provided on the lower surface as necessary. In the excavation hole, the skeleton blocks 1 are sequentially stacked from below. At this time, a reinforcing plate 13 is installed between the skeleton blocks 1 as necessary. At this time, the working hole 35 is formed by stacking a skeleton block having a notch, which will be described later, in a part of the storage portion 31. After the skeleton block 1 is assembled to the upper part, the side wall 33 and the water permeable sheet 39 are provided around the skeleton block 1, and the top plate 36 and the covering layer 37 are provided above. The water storage facility 30 is constructed as described above.

Here, according to the guidelines of “Road Earthwork, Calvert Work Guidelines, Japan Road Association”, the application formula of earth pressure to structures in the ground is different at a depth of 4m. Specifically, it is shown that the main earth pressure is used if the depth is less than 4 m, and the static earth pressure is used if the depth is 4 m or more.

FIG. 7B is a diagram showing the earth pressure applied to the side surface of the storage unit 31 in FIG. The earth pressure increases substantially in proportion to the depth at a boundary of 4 m (step portion in the figure). Here, C is the horizontal load resistance from the side of the substrate 3 of the skeleton block 1. That is, if the horizontal force is smaller than C, the skeleton block 1 (substrate 3) is not damaged. Therefore, in the shallow range where the earth pressure is smaller than C, only the skeleton block 1 may be combined, and it is not necessary to use the reinforcing plate 13.

On the other hand, when the earth pressure becomes larger than C, the skeleton block 1 (substrate 3) may be damaged by the earth pressure as shown in the example of FIG. Therefore, below the depth D where the earth pressure becomes larger than the horizontal load capacity C of the skeleton block 1, the skeleton block 1 alone cannot receive a horizontal force.

For this reason, at least a portion deeper than D is provided with the aforementioned reinforcing plate 13. Accordingly, the side plate 33 receives the earth pressure, and the force from the side plate 33 can be reliably received by the reinforcing plate 13.

For example, if the storage part is a water storage facility whose depth is 10 m from the ground, it is desirable to provide a reinforcing plate in a depth range of 6 to 10 m. If a reinforcing plate is provided for a portion shallower than 4 m, the strength is excessive, and if a special skeleton block is used according to the depth of the reservoir, the efficiency is poor. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a reinforcing plate in the range of 1 to 4 m, for example. For the 5 m to 6 m portion, a reinforcing plate may be provided as necessary.

In contrast, for example, by providing a reinforcing plate between the substrates of the skeleton block in a range deeper than 6 m, a horizontal load can be received by the reinforcing plate. For this reason, it becomes possible to use the same skeleton block regardless of the depth of the storage tank. Moreover, since it is only necessary to provide a reinforcing plate only in a necessary part, there is no excessive improvement in strength. Although the same reinforcing plate may be used, for example, several types of reinforcing plates may be properly used depending on the depth direction. Further, the number of reinforcing plates installed can be changed in the depth direction. Moreover, it is desirable to provide the reinforcing plate also at the bottom of the storage part.

If the side plate 33 is not used, the substrate 3 other than the reinforcing plate 13 is directly subjected to earth pressure, so that the substrate 3 may be damaged. However, since the reinforcing plate 13 receives the force from the side plate 33 by using the side plate 33, an excessive force is not applied to the substrate 3. Accordingly, the earth pressure is reliably transmitted to the reinforcing plate 13.

In the example of FIG. 7, the reinforcing plate 13 is provided only at a position deeper than the depth D. However, the reinforcing plate 13 may be provided above D and further in the entire storage portion. However, since the usage amount of the reinforcing plate 13 increases, it is desirable to use it only at a necessary portion (a position deeper than a predetermined depth).

FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional view of a portion E in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, a pipe 41 that is a rod-shaped member is provided inside the skeleton block 1 assembled in the vertical direction as needed. The pipe 41 is for preventing the horizontal displacement of the skeleton block 1.

As described above, when the skeleton block 1 is assembled in the vertical direction, the holes 9 and 15 communicate with each other in the vertical direction. The pipe 41 is inserted into the communicating holes (hole 9 and hole 15). The pipe 41 desirably has a small play with the hole (that is, an outer diameter slightly smaller than the hole) as long as there is no problem in the insertion property into the hole.

As the pipe 41, resin, metal, or the like can be used. If necessary, a plurality of pipes may be added to form a single pipe 41. However, a skeleton block incorporated as a structure inside the storage tank may be used. Since it is desirable to receive the load with the entire length of the pipe, it is desirable to use a single pipe having no connection point. Moreover, it is not necessary to insert the pipe 41 into all the holes 9 or the like, and it may be inserted into some of the holes 9 or the like.

8 (b) and 8 (c) are diagrams showing the relationship between the rod-shaped member support portions 27a and 27b and the rod-shaped member. The inner diameter of the tip end portion of the hole 9 reduced in diameter by the rod-like member support portions 27a and 27b is substantially equal to or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the pipe 41. For this reason, the inner peripheral surfaces of the rod-shaped member support portions 27a and 27b come into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the pipe 41 to support the pipe 41. Therefore, the skeleton block 1 is not displaced with respect to the pipe 41, and sufficient strength can be imparted to the distal end portion of the column 5 with respect to the horizontal force received from the pipe 41.

The rod-shaped member support portions 27a and 27b have a shape that allows a large contact area with the pipe 41 so that the pipe 41 can be reliably supported. For example, the bar-shaped member support portion 27a has a shape bent in the vertical direction, and a contact range with the pipe 41 is secured by the vertical portion. Further, the rod-shaped member support portion 27b is thicker than other portions, and therefore, the length of the inner surface in the vertical direction is increased, and the contact range with the pipe 41 can be ensured. Thus, the pipe 41 is supported by the rod-shaped member support portions 27a and 27b, and the size of the hole 15 of the reinforcing plate 13 is substantially the same as the diameter of the pipe 41, or the rod-shaped support portions 27a and 27b in the hole 15. If the same configuration is provided, the pipe 41 can also be supported by the hole 15. That is, the pipe 41 can be held at two places above and below the unit structure of the skeleton block. For this reason, compared with the case where the pipe 41 is supported only by the rod-shaped member support portions 27a and 27b, the support pitch of the pipe 41 can be halved.

FIG. 9A is a plan view of the water storage facility 30. The water storage facility 30 is provided with a plurality of skeleton blocks 1. The side plate 33 provided around the storage unit 31 is provided with a plurality of inner plates 34 inward. The inner plate 34 is erected or joined substantially perpendicularly to the side plate 33 and is installed between the skeleton blocks 1 inside the storage portion 31. The inner plate 34 has a reinforcing effect against earth pressure or the like acting on the side plate 33 from the outside. In addition, it is desirable that the inner plate is provided at a predetermined interval on the entire outer periphery of the storage tank. However, when the inner plate is provided only in a part of the storage tank, it is effective to provide the inner plate in a straight portion away from the corner portion of the storage tank. The inner plate 34 has a length corresponding to one pitch of the skeleton block 1 from the side plate 33, but may be a half pitch, and the length is not limited. A precipitation tank 45 is provided in a part of the storage unit 31. The settling tank 45 is a portion into which water from the inflow port 43 flows, and is provided so as to surround the inflow port 43. The sedimentation tank 45 is surrounded by a partition wall 47. Inside the sedimentation tank 45, a skeleton block 49 having a notch 51 in part is provided. That is, the skeleton block 1 and the skeleton block 49 are provided on both sides of the partition wall 47 so as to sandwich the partition wall 47.

The skeleton block 49 has substantially the same structure as the skeleton block 1, but has a shape in which, for example, one of four corners is cut out on an arc. In this case, a circular work hole is formed by combining the four skeleton blocks 49. In addition, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, the reinforcement board 13 also has the notch 51 similarly. That is, a part of the skeleton block 49 and the reinforcing plate 13 in the sedimentation tank 45 is notched, and the work hole 35 penetrating in the vertical direction is formed by adjoining the plurality of skeleton blocks 49 or the reinforcing plates 13 in the horizontal direction. Is formed.

The sedimentation tank 45 causes the water from the inlet 43 to stay in the sedimentation tank 45 to precipitate foreign matters such as earth and sand contained in the water. A water passage hole is provided above the predetermined height of the partition wall 47, and water flows from the settling tank 45 into the storage unit 31 when the water level in the settling tank 45 becomes higher than that. The earth and sand accumulated in the sedimentation tank 45 can be confirmed and removed by the work hole 35. Note that the shapes of the skeleton block 49 and the cutout 51 of the reinforcing plate 13 are not limited to the example illustrated in FIG. When a plurality of skeleton blocks are adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction, any shape may be used as long as the holes 51 of a predetermined shape are formed by aligning the notches 51 of the adjacent skeleton blocks. For example, FIG. 9 (b) shows the F portion of FIG. 9 (a). However, as shown in FIG. 9 (b), the L-shaped skeleton block 49 ′ may be used with the notch 51 ′ as a square. Good. In this case, the work hole 35 has a rectangular cross-sectional shape. Further, the skeleton block in the settling tank 45 may be integrally formed so that the work hole 35 is formed. For example, in FIG. 9B, four skeleton blocks 49'4 may be integrally formed.

The skeleton blocks 1 and 49 provided in the settling tank 45 and the storage unit 31 are all the same size. Therefore, stress does not concentrate on a part of the inside of the water storage facility 30.

Moreover, the aspect of the water storage facility 30 that is the subject of the present invention is not limited to the examples shown in FIGS. 7 and 9, and can be applied to various shapes, sizes, and configurations. The structure is not limited as long as it is a water storage facility in which a storage part is provided in the basement where earth pressure is generated in the horizontal direction and a plurality of skeleton blocks are arranged inside, and the present invention is applicable to any water storage facility. Is applicable.

For example, instead of the water permeable sheet 39, a water shielding sheet may be provided. As the water shielding sheet, for example, vulcanized rubber, vinyl chloride, thermoplastic resin or the like is used. The whole storage part is covered with a water-impervious sheet, and the water-impervious sheets can be joined together in a water-tight manner by heat fusion or the like, so that it can be used as a water storage tank. In this case, for example, a pump or the like that pumps up internal water may be provided separately.

A horizontal loading test was performed using the shape of each skeletal block and the assembly method. FIG. 10 is a view showing the loading device 70. The loading device 70 mainly includes a loading frame 71, a parallel holding device 72, a jack 73, and the like.

Specimens 77 formed by assembling skeleton blocks and the like were arranged in 6 rows in the vertical direction and 2 rows x 4 rows in the horizontal direction. A weight 74 was placed on the specimen 77, and the weight 74 was fixed with a weight fixing jig 75. In this state, horizontal loading was performed with a jack. A load meter 76 is provided at the tip of the jack 73. The gate-type loading frame 71 and the weight fixing jig 75 are connected by a parallel holding device 72, and the weight 74 is always kept horizontal.

As the specimen 77 used for the test, the skeleton block 60 shown in FIG. 11, the skeleton block 80 shown in FIG. 14, and the skeleton block 1 shown in FIG. 1 were assembled. The skeleton blocks 1, 60, 80 had a plate size of 720 mm × 720 mm and a column height of 390 mm. The skeleton blocks were all made of polypropylene resin. The weight 74 was 160 kN.

The horizontal force was applied to the weight 74 with the jack 73, and the displacement and load for each specimen 77 were investigated. Based on the maximum load, the strength (shear load) of each specimen and the displacement (shear strain) at the maximum load were investigated. Table 1 shows the test conditions and results of the specimen 77.

The form of the skeleton block is as shown in FIGS. As for the assembly method, the column (FIG. 12, FIG. 15) that abuts the tips of the columns is called “post / column” and the column (FIG. 2) that abuts the column ends (FIG. 2) is “column / substrate”. The stacking direction is defined as “vertical direction” when the upper skeleton block is stacked straight on the lower skeleton block in a one-to-one relationship (FIGS. 2, 12, and 15), and spans a plurality of lower skeleton blocks. The one arranged in FIG. 4 (FIG. 4) was designated as “staggered”. The reinforcing member and the rod-shaped member indicated the presence or absence of installation. The load evaluation was performed using specimen No. The relative evaluation when the strength of 3 was 1 was used.

The reinforcing plate size was the same as the skeleton block size, and the porosity was about 66%. The reinforcing plate was installed between all the substrates. A reinforcing plate made of polypropylene resin was used. The rod-shaped member was a 75φ PVC pipe. A rod-shaped member was inserted into about 25% of the number of columns.

As is clear from the results, the test specimen No. using the skeleton block 1 of the present invention was used. 3 is a support / substrate joint, It turns out that it has high intensity | strength compared with the method of making the support | pillars like 1 and 2 contact | abut.

Specimen No. As is clear from FIG. 4, this strength is further increased by arranging them in a zigzag pattern. Specimen No. As is clear from Figs. 5 and 6, by providing reinforcing members and rod-shaped members, the strength is further increased, the shear force is higher than the horizontal force, It can be seen that damage and the like can be prevented.

As described above, according to the water storage facility of the present embodiment, a deep storage facility can be obtained as compared with the conventional case without using a skeleton block having a special strength. In particular, since the skeleton blocks 1 are vertically reversed and stacked, and reinforcing members 13 are provided between the substrates 3 facing each other at least at a position deeper than a predetermined depth, horizontal earth pressure is reduced. On the other hand, the reinforcing plate 13 can receive a force.

Further, since the side plate 33 is provided on the side surface of the storage portion 31, the reinforcing plate 13 can surely receive the earth pressure applied to the side plate 33, so that an excessive horizontal force is not applied to the substrate 3. Will not be damaged. Therefore, it is not necessary to use a plurality of types of skeleton blocks or skeleton blocks having excessive strength.

Also, the support pillars 5 and the support holes 7 of the support pillars 1 that are stacked upside down can be fitted. For this reason, the horizontal shift of the skeleton block 1 is suppressed. Moreover, the vertical space | interval of the board | substrates 3 of the frame | skeleton block 1 of the piled-up state can be narrowed compared with the case where the support | pillar front-end | tips are contacted and piled up. For this reason, since the pitch of the site | part (board | substrate part) which receives the earth pressure of the vertical direction predetermined range becomes small, it is more effective with respect to the force of a horizontal direction.

Further, if the skeleton blocks 1 are arranged in a staggered manner, the skeleton blocks 1 adjacent in the horizontal direction are also connected to each other, so that the skeleton blocks 1 are more resistant to displacement in the horizontal direction, are easy to assemble and are less likely to collapse. is there.

Also, the substrates, the substrate and the reinforcing plate are securely bonded to each other by the substrate fitting protrusions 19, the substrate fitting holes 21, and the like, so that they are not displaced by a horizontal force.

Further, by providing the pipe 41 penetrating the skeleton block 1, the skeleton blocks 1 are aligned in the vertical direction and do not shift in the horizontal direction. For this reason, the skeleton block 1 is not displaced in the horizontal direction even with respect to a horizontal force or the like, and there is no fear of a decrease in strength associated therewith. Furthermore, by providing the rod-shaped member support portions 27a and 27b on the inner surface of the column 5 of the skeleton block 1, the pipe 41 can be securely held, and the lateral displacement and rotation of the skeleton block 1 and the like can be prevented.

Further, since the reinforcing plate 13 only needs to be disposed at a depth equal to or greater than a predetermined depth, the reinforcing plate 13 is unnecessary in a shallow portion where the earth pressure is equal to or less than the horizontal load resistance of the skeleton block 1. For this reason, it is excellent in workability and it is not necessary to use an unnecessary member.

Further, if the specific gravity of the reinforcing plate 13 is larger than that of water, it can serve as a weight against the buoyancy of the skeleton block when water is stored inside.

Moreover, since the sedimentation tank 45 is provided, the inflow of earth and sand etc. into the storage part 31 can be prevented, and by providing the same size skeleton blocks 1 and 49 inside and outside the sedimentation tank 45, the partition wall can be surely provided. Can be held. For example, even when the water level difference between the settling tank 45 and the storage unit 31 becomes large, the partition wall is held by the skeleton block from both sides, so that it does not fall down. Moreover, the strength of the sedimentation tank 45 that can prevent the horizontal displacement of the skeleton blocks inside and outside the sedimentation tank 45 is improved by the partition wall. In addition, the reinforcing plate 13 is provided in a necessary portion in the sedimentation tank 45 as well as other portions. For this reason, the sedimentation tank 45 does not collapse due to earth pressure.

Moreover, since the cutout 51 having the same shape is provided in the skeleton block 49 and the reinforcing plate 13, the work hole 35 can be formed while maintaining the strength of the settling tank 45. Since the work hole 35 is formed by combining the notches 51 of a plurality of skeleton blocks (and reinforcing plates) adjacent in the horizontal direction, the work hole 35 can be easily formed and can be collapsed by earth pressure or the like. Absent.

The embodiment of the present invention has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the technical scope of the present invention is not affected by the above-described embodiment. It is obvious for those skilled in the art that various modifications or modifications can be conceived within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims, and these are naturally within the technical scope of the present invention. It is understood that it belongs.

1, 49... Skeletal block 3... Substrate 5... Column 7... Column fitting holes 9 and 65... Holes 11 and 67. ... Holes 19 and 23... Board fitting protrusions 21, 22, 25 and 26... Board fitting holes 27 a and 27 b... Portion 33 ......... Side plate 34 ......... Inner plate 35 ......... Work hole 36 ......... Top plate 37 ......... Coating layer 39 ......... Water-permeable sheet 40 ......... Top cover 41 ......... Pipe 43 ......... Inlet 45... Precipitation layer 47. ......... Hole 87 ...... Hole 89 ......... Recess 91 ......... Protrusion

Claims (9)

1. A water storage facility that is installed underground and stores water,
   A water reservoir dug into the ground,
   A plurality of skeleton blocks arranged in the water reservoir,
   A reinforcing member that is a plate-like member attached to the skeleton block;
   A side plate provided on a side surface of the water reservoir,
   A coating layer covering the top plate of the upper part of the water reservoir,
   Comprising
   The skeleton block has a flat plate-like substrate having a water passage hole, a support column erected on one surface of the substrate, and a fitting hole provided in the substrate,
   In the water storage section, a plurality of the skeletal blocks are provided side by side in the horizontal direction, and the vertical vertices are stacked upside down in the vertical direction. And the fitting hole is respectively fitted to the fitting hole and the column of the lower skeleton block in which the column is directed upward,
   The reinforcing member is disposed between at least a part of the substrates facing each other of the skeleton block assembled in the vertical direction, and has a fitting structure in which the reinforcing member and the substrate are fitted. Water storage facility.
2. On the substrate, two pillars provided on the diagonal line of the substrate, and two fitting holes provided on a diagonal line of the part where the pillar is not provided, are provided.
   The assembled structure of at least a part of the skeleton block is provided with the lower skeleton block in which the support column is directed upward, and the upper skeleton block in which the support column is disposed downward is provided. The upper skeleton block is arranged so as to be shifted by a half pitch vertically and horizontally with respect to the lower skeleton block, and the upper skeleton block is arranged so as to straddle four adjacent lower skeleton blocks. The water storage facility according to claim 1, wherein the support column and the fitting hole are assembled by being fitted to the fitting hole and the support column of the lower skeleton block, respectively.
3. A first fitting protrusion and a first fitting hole are provided on the surface of the substrate opposite to the side where the column is erected,
   On one surface of the reinforcing member, a second fitting hole corresponding to the first fitting protrusion of the substrate contacting the one surface side of the reinforcing member is provided,
   A second fitting protrusion corresponding to the first fitting hole of the substrate contacting the other surface of the reinforcing member is provided on the other surface of the reinforcing member,
   The fitting structure is a fitting between the first fitting protrusion and the second fitting hole, and a fitting between the first fitting hole and the second fitting protrusion,
   In the joint portion between the substrates, the first fitting protrusion and the first fitting hole of each of the upper and lower stacked substrates are fitted to each other, and in the joint portion between the reinforcing members, the upper and lower portions are stacked. The water storage facility according to claim 1, wherein the second fitting protrusion and the second fitting hole of each of the reinforcing members are fitted to each other.
4. Each support of the skeleton block stacked in the vertical direction is arranged in the vertical direction directly or via the substrate and / or the reinforcing member, and penetrates the supporting column and the reinforcing member arranged in the vertical direction. As described above, a rod-shaped member is further provided, and a rod-shaped member support portion is provided on the inner surface of the tip portion of the column, and the rod-shaped member is held by the rod-shaped member support portion,
   A support portion for supporting the rod-shaped member is formed at a portion of the reinforcing member through which the rod-shaped member passes, and the rod-shaped member is supported by the reinforcing member at least at every installation interval in the vertical direction of the reinforcing member. The water storage facility according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized by that.
5. A construction method for a water storage facility that is installed underground and stores water,
   A step (a) of excavating the ground to form a water reservoir;
   A step (b) of disposing a skeleton block and a reinforcing member in the water reservoir;
   Providing a side wall and an upper covering portion so as to cover the skeleton block and the reinforcing member;
   Comprising
   The skeleton block has a flat plate-like substrate having a water passage hole, a support column erected on one surface of the substrate, and a fitting hole provided in the substrate,
   In the step (b), the lower skeleton block is provided in a plurality of horizontal directions with the support facing upward, and the upper skeleton block with the support facing downward is positioned above the lower skeleton block. The upper skeleton block is arranged so as to straddle the four lower skeleton blocks adjacent to each other by shifting by half a pitch in the horizontal direction with respect to each of the skeleton blocks. The step of fitting the fitting hole with the fitting hole and the column of the lower skeleton block, respectively, and fixing the reinforcing member to the upper surface of the substrate of the upper skeleton block, and at least a part of each other. And a step of installing the reinforcing member between the substrates.
6. A construction method for a water storage facility that is installed underground and stores water,
   A step (a) of excavating the ground to form a water reservoir;
   A step (b) of disposing a skeleton block and a reinforcing member in the water reservoir;
   Providing a side wall and an upper covering portion so as to cover the skeleton block and the reinforcing member;
   Comprising
   The skeleton block has a flat plate-like substrate having a water passage hole, a support column erected on one surface of the substrate, and a fitting hole provided in the substrate,
   In the step (b), the lower skeleton block is provided in a plurality of horizontal directions with the support facing upward, and the upper skeleton block with the support facing downward is disposed above the lower skeleton block. The struts and the fitting holes of the upper skeleton block are respectively fitted with the fitting holes and the struts of the lower skeleton block, and the reinforcing member is placed on the upper surface of the substrate of the upper skeleton block. A method for constructing a water storage facility, comprising a step of fixing and a step of installing the reinforcing member between at least some of the substrates facing each other.
7. The method for constructing a water storage facility according to claim 5 or 6, further comprising a step of providing a rod-shaped member penetrating the skeleton block and the reinforcing member after the step (b).
8. A method for improving the horizontal load capacity of a water storage facility,
   A water reservoir dug into the ground,
   A plurality of skeleton blocks arranged in the water reservoir,
   A reinforcing member that is a plate-like member attached to the skeleton block;
   A side plate provided on a side surface of the water reservoir,
   A covering portion covering the upper surface of the water storage portion;
   Comprising
   The skeleton block is provided on the substrate, a flat substrate having water passage holes, two pillars provided on one side of the substrate and provided on a diagonal line of the substrate, With two fitting holes provided on the diagonal of the part where the support is not provided,
   In the water storage section, a plurality of the skeletal blocks are provided side by side in the horizontal direction vertically and horizontally, and in the vertical direction, the vertical direction is reversed and stacked.
   The lower skeletal block in which the support column is directed upward is provided side by side, and the upper skeleton block in which the support column is disposed in the downward direction is in a horizontal direction with respect to the lower skeleton block. The upper and lower skeleton blocks are arranged so as to straddle the adjacent four lower skeleton blocks, and the struts and the fitting holes of the upper skeleton blocks are arranged in the lower berth. The reinforcing member is assembled by fitting with the fitting hole and the support column of the skeleton block, and the reinforcing member is disposed between at least some of the substrates facing each other of the skeleton block assembled in the vertical direction, A method for improving the horizontal load resistance of a water storage facility, comprising a fitting structure in which a reinforcing member and the substrate are fitted.
9. A method for preventing horizontal displacement of a skeleton block in a water storage facility,
   A water reservoir dug into the ground,
   A plurality of skeleton blocks arranged in the water reservoir,
   A reinforcing member that is a plate-like member attached to the skeleton block;
   A side plate provided on a side surface of the water reservoir,
   A covering for covering the upper surface of the water reservoir;
   Comprising
   The skeletal block is provided on the substrate, a flat substrate having water passage holes, two pillars provided on one side of the substrate and provided on a diagonal line of the substrate, With two fitting holes provided on the diagonal of the part where the support is not provided,
   In the water storage section, a plurality of the skeleton blocks are provided side by side in the horizontal direction vertically and horizontally, and in the vertical direction, the vertical direction is reversed and stacked.
   The lower skeletal block in which the support column is directed upward is provided side by side, and the upper skeleton block in which the support column is disposed in the downward direction is in a horizontal direction with respect to the lower skeleton block. The upper and lower skeleton blocks are arranged so as to straddle the adjacent four lower skeleton blocks, and the struts and the fitting holes of the upper skeleton blocks are arranged in the lower berth. The reinforcing member is assembled by fitting with the fitting hole and the support column of the skeleton block, and the reinforcing member is disposed between at least some of the substrates facing each other of the skeleton block assembled in the vertical direction, Having a fitting structure in which the reinforcing member and the substrate are fitted;
   Each support of the skeleton block stacked in the vertical direction is arranged in the vertical direction directly or via the substrate and / or the reinforcing member, and penetrates the supporting column and the reinforcing member arranged in the vertical direction. As described above, the method for preventing horizontal displacement of the skeleton block in the water storage facility is provided with a bar-like member.

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