WO2010150207A1 - Floating lamp - Google Patents

Floating lamp Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010150207A1
WO2010150207A1 PCT/IB2010/052860 IB2010052860W WO2010150207A1 WO 2010150207 A1 WO2010150207 A1 WO 2010150207A1 IB 2010052860 W IB2010052860 W IB 2010052860W WO 2010150207 A1 WO2010150207 A1 WO 2010150207A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
power
emitting
current
magnetic field
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2010/052860
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Eberhard Waffenschmidt
Peter Visser
Original Assignee
Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V., Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh filed Critical Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Publication of WO2010150207A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010150207A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V21/00—Supporting, suspending, or attaching arrangements for lighting devices; Hand grips
    • F21V21/08—Devices for easy attachment to any desired place, e.g. clip, clamp, magnet
    • F21V21/096—Magnetic devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
    • F21V23/04—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches
    • F21V23/0442—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches activated by means of a sensor, e.g. motion or photodetectors
    • F21V23/0492—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches activated by means of a sensor, e.g. motion or photodetectors the sensor detecting a change in orientation, a movement or an acceleration of the lighting device, e.g. a tilt switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N15/00—Holding or levitation devices using magnetic attraction or repulsion, not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of lighting.
  • the present invention relates to a light-emitting device comprising a light-emitting unit that may be "levitated" above a base unit.
  • Light sources are widely used in a wide range of ambient lighting applications for creating a particular lighting atmosphere at various locations such as rooms.
  • end-users in general desire light sources not only capable of providing a high quality of emitted light but also light sources that provide a novel and/or high technology looking design of the luminaire that has an aesthetically pleasing visual appearance as perceived by the end-user.
  • Magnetic levitation is known in the art. For example, controlled levitation of a single disk magnet above an array of cylindrical coils using electromagnetic repulsion to generate actuation forces and torques from coil currents has been realized.
  • WO 2009/038464 describes an apparatus for orienting a magnetic object in free space with the aid of magnetic levitation, the apparatus comprising a magnet array comprising one or more magnets arranged in a circle around an imaginary axis, which magnet array generates a static magnetic field with an equilibrium location in this field at which the magnetic object can be maintained.
  • WO 2009/038464 neither describes nor indicates how the device of WO 2009/038464 might be incorporated in a luminaire, nor does WO 2009/038464 describe how the light source of such a luminaire could be powered.
  • a light-emitting device and a system having the features defined in the independent claims are provided. Further advantageous embodiments of the present invention are defined in the dependent claims.
  • a light- emitting device comprising a base unit and a light-emitting unit.
  • the light-emitting unit comprises at least one light-emitting element, at least one permanent magnet and at least one power-receiving coil electrically connected with the at least one light-emitting element, wherein the at least one power-receiving coil is adapted to generate current in response to being exposed to an alternating magnetic field.
  • the light-emitting device may comprise a magnetic field generator adapted to generate an alternating magnetic field, adapted such that the alternating magnetic field induces a current flow in the at least one power receiving coil, and a static magnetic field, adapted such that the static magnetic field generates repulsing forces on the at least one permanent magnet such that the light-emitting unit substantially maintains a predetermined position relatively to the base unit.
  • the predetermined position relatively to the base unit may be a position above the base unit, e.g. a position above an upper (surface) portion of the base unit.
  • a static magnetic field may be generated, adapted to repulse the at least one permanent magnet in the light-emitting unit, whereby the light-emitting unit may levitate, or "float", a certain distance above the base unit, where the repulsive magnetic force may be substantially equally large, but oppositely directed, compared to the force of gravity that is exerted on the light-emitting unit.
  • the distance may depend on the magnitude of the repulsing magnetic forces on the at least one permanent magnet in the light-emitting unit, which repulsing forces in turn may depend on the strength of the generated static magnetic field.
  • the distance between the base unit and the light-emitting unit, levitating above the base unit may be controlled by varying the strength of the generated static magnetic field.
  • the at least one permanent magnet of the light-emitting unit may for example be arranged such that the at least one permanent magnet substantially has cylindrical or spherical symmetry.
  • the at least one permanent magnet of the light-emitting unit may be substantially ring-shaped.
  • the at least one permanent magnet of the light-emitting unit may be magnetized such that the magnetization of the at least one permanent magnet is substantially radially symmetric.
  • the light- emitting device may comprise a position and orientation sensor adapted to sense one or more of the position and orientation of the light-emitting unit relatively to the base unit.
  • the static magnetic field may adapt for changes in the position of the light-emitting unit, whereby the position of the light-emitting unit relatively the base unit may be arranged in a substantially constant position relatively the base unit.
  • the magnitude of the repulsing magnetic forces on the at least one permanent magnet in the light-emitting unit and/or the strength of the generated static magnetic field may be controlled by means of control signals generated by the position and orientation sensor.
  • the position and orientation sensor may be adapted to sense one or more of the position and orientation of the light-emitting unit relatively to the base unit, the position and orientation sensor may provide information indicative of the tilt angle of the light- emitting unit, i.e. the angle of the light-emitting unit relatively a horizontal level, for example defined on the basis of the geometrical arrangement of the support on which the light- emitting device is supported.
  • the generated alternating magnetic field may induce an alternating voltage in the at least one power-receiving coil comprised in the light-emitting unit, thereby generating an alternating current that may be used to power the at least one light-emitting element comprised in the light-emitting unit, as the at least one power-receiving coil comprised in the light-emitting unit is electrically connected with the at least one light-emitting element.
  • the term connected, or electrically connected is not limited to be construed as directly connected, or directly electrically connected, but also encompasses functional connections having intermediate components.
  • an output of a first component is connected to an input of a second component, this comprises a direct connection.
  • an electrical conductor directly supplies an electrical signal from the output of the first component substantially unchanged to the input of the second component, alternatively via one or more additional components, the first and second component are also connected.
  • connection is functional in the sense that a gradual or sudden change in the electrical signal from the output of the first component results in a corresponding or modified change in the signal that is input to the second component.
  • the light-emitting unit may comprise electronic circuitry adapted to convert the generated alternating electrical current into a direct current, for example comprising a rectifier, which direct current may be used to provide power to operate the at least one light- emitting element.
  • the at least one power-receiving coil comprised in the light-emitting unit may be implemented on a printed circuit board (PCB), which may further comprise electronic circuitry as mentioned in the foregoing, whereby electrical connection between the at least one power-receiving coil of the light emitting-unit and the at least one light-emitting element may be effectuated in an efficient and flexible manner.
  • the at least one light-emitting element may thus be arranged on the PCB.
  • the electronic circuitry may include one or more of AC/DC converters, DC to DC power converters, adapted to convert a source of DC voltage from one voltage level to another, etc.
  • a light-emitting system comprising a light-emitting device according to the first aspect of the present invention or any embodiment thereof, and a controller adapted to supply current from a power source to the magnetic field generator.
  • super positioned current comprising super positioned alternating and direct current may be arranged to be supplied from at least one power source, which is adapted to generate current, to the magnetic field generator, in order to generate magnetic fields.
  • a magnetic field generator may comprise a plurality of electromagnets, or coils.
  • a configuration such as described immediately in the foregoing may enable employing the same type of electromagnets both for generating a static magnetic field and an alternating magnetic field, whereby the same type of electromagnets, or coils, may be used both for the purpose of achieving levitation of the light-emitting unit above the base unit, such as described in the foregoing, and for providing inductive power transmission to the light-emitting unit (and thus, power to the light-emitting element).
  • DC and AC signals to be super positioned into a super positioned current may be generated by two or more different power sources (e.g., one for DC and one for AC).
  • one power source may generate super positioned signal directly.
  • the light-emitting device may comprise a direct current branch, comprising an inductor element adapted to block alternating current, and an alternating current branch, comprising a capacitor element adapted to block direct current, wherein the super positioned current may be generated by means of the direct current branch and the alternating current branch.
  • the magnetic field generator may comprise a set of electromagnets and at least one power- transmitting coil arranged in the base unit, and current may be arranged to be supplied from a power source, which is adapted to generate current, to each electromagnet of the set of electromagnets, whereby a static magnetic field may be generated, and current may be arranged to be supplied from the power source to at least one of the at least one power- transmitting coil, whereby an alternating magnetic field may be generated.
  • Current may for example be arranged to be supplied from a power source on the basis of control signals generated by a position and orientation sensor. Alternatively or optionally, current may be arranged to be supplied from a power source on the basis of measurements of electrical quantities.
  • the power source may be adapted to superposition direct current and alternating current, thereby generating a super positioned current.
  • the base unit may comprise a direct current branch, comprising an inductor element adapted to block alternating current, and an alternating current branch, comprising a capacitor element adapted to block direct current.
  • the super positioned current may be arranged to be supplied from the power source to each electromagnet of the set of base unit electromagnets via the direct current branch.
  • the super positioned current may be arranged to be supplied from the power source to at least one power-transmitting coil of the at least one power-transmitting coil via the alternating current branch.
  • Such a configuration can enable a relatively easy, flexible with regards to capacity requirements and/or cost-effective (e.g. requiring relatively inexpensive components) means for creating a static magnetic field and an alternating magnetic field that can be utilized in the light-emitting device according to the embodiment.
  • current supplied to electromagnets of the set of base unit electromagnets that are located substantially within a projection of at least one of the at least one power-receiving coil of the light-emitting unit onto the electromagnets of the set of base unit electromagnets may have a phase that is substantially opposite compared to the phase of current supplied to electromagnets of the set of base unit electromagnets that are located outside the projection.
  • the efficiency of power transfer between the base unit and the light-emitting unit may be improved (e.g. reduction of power loss in the power transfer).
  • the light-emitting element may comprise a distance sensor adapted to sense which power- transmitting coils of the at least one power-transmitting coil that are within a predetermined distance from the at least one power-receiving coil of the light-emitting unit.
  • current may be arranged to be supplied from the power source to at least one power-transmitting coil of the at least one power-transmitting coil that is within the predetermined distance from the at least one power-receiving coil of the light-emitting unit.
  • the base unit comprises such a large number of electromagnets that the light-emitting unit is substantially smaller compared to the base unit and/or the light-emitting unit is enabled to controllably change its position relatively the base unit (e.g. the position of the light-emitting unit in which the light-emitting unit levitates over the base unit)
  • only the electromagnets that may substantially contribute to the magnetic power transfer between the base unit and the light-emitting unit may be powered. This may improve (e.g., reduce) the energy consumption of the light-emitting device according to the embodiment.
  • at least one electromagnet of the set of base unit electromagnets comprises a core comprising a permanent magnet.
  • Such a configuration may enable generating an offset static magnetic field.
  • less power may be required to generate the static magnetic field required for normal operation of the light-emitting device (i.e. with the light-emitting unit levitating above the base unit) by current supplied from for example the power source to each of the set of base unit electromagnets.
  • an improvement e.g. a reduction
  • a light-emitting device having a relatively low energy consumption may be achieved.
  • current may be arranged to be supplied from the power source to at least one power- transmitting coil of the at least one power-transmitting coil such that the temporal mean value of the strength of the generated alternating magnetic field is less than a predetermined mean magnetic field strength.
  • Such a configuration may enable that, during operation of the light-emitting device, the net magnetic force acting on the at least one permanent magnet of the light- emitting unit becomes substantially zero.
  • the alternating magnetic field may be generated such that the frequency of the alternating magnetic field is of such magnitude that the inertia of the light-emitting unit averages out the forces of the alternating magnetic field.
  • the light-emitting unit may comprise a magnetic blocking element, comprising a soft magnetic material, arranged such that the at least one light-emitting element is arranged on one side of the magnetic blocking element and at least one of the at least one permanent magnet and the at least one power-receiving coil are arranged on another side of the magnetic blocking element.
  • the magnetic blocking element arranged in the light-emitting unit, the light-emitting element and/or electric circuitry of the light-emitting unit may be shielded from magnetic fields.
  • the magnetic blocking element may preferably be adapted such that the magnetic blocking element is able to guide the flux of the alternating magnetic field without magnetic saturation occurring.
  • the magnetic blocking element may be arranged having a predetermined thickness and/or comprise a soft magnetic material having a saturation magnetic flux density of such magnitude that the magnetic blocking element is able to guide the flux of the alternating magnetic field without magnetic saturation occurring.
  • the position and orientation sensor may comprise a Hall effect sensor, a laser interferometer, and/or an optical sensor of the type comprising at least one light receptor and at least one light emitter arranged on the base unit, the at least one light emitter being adapted to cooperate with corresponding ones of at least one marking element arranged on the light- emitting unit.
  • the at least one light receptor and at least one light emitter may be arranged on the light emitting unit, wherein the at least one light emitter may be adapted to cooperate with corresponding ones of at least one marking element arranged on the base unit.
  • a position and orientation sensor capable of sensing one or more of the position and orientation of the light-emitting unit relatively to the base unit, may be implemented relatively easily in the light-emitting device according to the embodiment.
  • Such a position and orientation sensor may provide an increased flexibility with regards to capacity requirements.
  • Halall effect it is referred to the effect that a current-carrying conductor placed into a magnetic field will give rise to a voltage perpendicular to both the current and the magnetic field.
  • Hall effect sensor refers to a sensor utilizing the Hall effect in order to, e.g., sense magnetic fields.
  • the at least one light-emitting element comprises an organic light-emitting diode (OLED).
  • OLED organic light-emitting diode
  • the power consumption of the light-emitting device according to the embodiment may be improved, as OLEDs in general have a small form factor, a small weight and a low operation voltage requirement compared to, e.g., other types of LEDs or other types of light-emitting elements.
  • the at least one light-emitting element may for example comprise crystalline LEDs, light bulbs including halogen lamps, discharge lamps, fluorescent lamps, laser lamps, etc.
  • the light-emitting device may comprise at least one reflector.
  • Such a reflector may in general enable an increased flexibility in controlling the spatial intensity distribution of the light emitted from the light-emitting device to be achieved.
  • the spatial intensity distribution of the light emitted from the light-emitting device may thus be adapted to user needs and/or capacity requirements.
  • Such a reflector may for example comprise a phosphor screen (e.g. a substrate comprising a phosphor coating), a metal coating, such as an aluminum coating, an interference filter, such as a multilayer of thin SiO2 and ZrO2 layers, a diffuse coating, etc.
  • the light-emitting device is not limited to a single light-emitting unit, but rather, according to an embodiment of the present invention the light-emitting device may comprises plurality of light-emitting units, such as have been described in the foregoing.
  • the operation and/or function of each of the plurality of light-emitting units is analogous to the operation and/or function, respectively, of the light-emitting unit with reference to embodiments of the present invention described in the foregoing.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a light-emitting system according to an exemplifying embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a magnetic field generator in accordance with an exemplifying embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic exploded view of a light-emitting device according to an exemplifying embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a base unit of a light emitting device in accordance with an exemplifying embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view of an electromagnet comprised in a base unit of a light-emitting device according to an exemplifying embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a light-emitting device according to an exemplifying embodiment of the present invention.
  • the same reference numerals denote the same or similar elements throughout the views.
  • the light-emitting system 100 comprises a light-emitting device 101 according to an embodiment of the present invention, which light-emitting device 101 may be connectable to a power source 102 adapted to generate current. According to the exemplifying embodiment described with reference to Fig. 1, the light-emitting device 101 is connected to the power source 102.
  • the light-emitting device 101 comprises a base unit 103 and a light-emitting unit 104 adapted to emit light, as further described in the following.
  • the light-emitting unit 104 may comprise at least one permanent magnet 105 and at least one power-receiving coil 106.
  • the power source 102 may be arranged integral with the light- emitting system 100, or integral with the light-emitting device 101.
  • the power source 102 may for example comprise a battery unit, for example arranged in the base unit 103.
  • Fig. 1 is schematic. In particular, the positions of the elements in the drawing relatively each other are schematic.
  • the light- emitting system 100 further comprises a controller 107 that may be adapted to supply current from the power source 102 to the base unit 103.
  • the light-emitting device 101 may comprise a position and orientation sensor 108 that may be adapted to sense one or more of the position and orientation of the light- emitting unit 104 relatively to the base unit 103.
  • the light-emitting device 101 further comprises a magnetic field generator 109 adapted to generate an alternating magnetic field, adapted such that a current flow may be induced in the power receiving coil 106, and a static magnetic field, adapted such that the static magnetic field may generate repulsing (magnetic) forces on the permanent magnet 105 such that the light-emitting unit 104 substantially maintains a predetermined position relatively to the base unit 103, for example such that the light-emitting unit 104 substantially maintains a predetermined position above the base unit 103.
  • the repulsing forces may be such that the center of mass of the light- emitting unit 104 deviates momentarily only a few millimeters in any direction from a predetermined position.
  • the position of the magnetic field generator 109 relatively the other components of the light-emitting device 101 is shown schematically and only by way of example.
  • the magnetic field generator 109 may be integrated in the base unit 103.
  • FIG. 2 there is shown a schematic block diagram of a magnetic field generator 200 according to an exemplifying embodiment of the present invention.
  • the magnetic field generator 200 depicted in Fig. 2 may for example be arranged in the base unit (not shown in Fig. 2).
  • the magnetic field generator 200 may comprise a power-transmitting coil 201 and a set 202 of electromagnets 203.
  • Current may be arranged to be supplied from a power source (not shown in Fig. 2, cf. Fig. 1) to the power-transmitting coil 201, whereby an alternating magnetic field may be generated.
  • Current may be arranged to be supplied from a power source (not shown in Fig. 2, cf. Fig 1), to each electromagnet 203 of the set 202, whereby a static magnetic field may be generated.
  • the magnetic field generator 200 comprises a certain number of electromagnets 203 and a single power-transmitting coil 201, this does not limit the present invention, which rather encompasses embodiments comprising an arbitrary number of magnetic field generator 200 electromagnets 203 and an arbitrary number magnetic field generator 200 power- transmitting coils 201.
  • the number of magnetic field generator 200 electromagnets 203 and the number magnetic field generator 200 power-transmitting coils 201 may for example be adapted according to user requirements and/or design requirements.
  • a power-receiving and/or a power-transmitting coil such as described herein with reference to exemplifying embodiments of the present invention may for example comprise conducting wire wound substantially into the shape of a spiral, a copper spiral arranged on a PCB, etc.
  • the electromagnets, or levitation coils, described herein with reference to exemplifying embodiments of the present invention may for example comprise conducting wire wound substantially into the shape of a spiral, a copper spiral arranged on a PCB, etc.
  • the light-emitting device 300 comprises a base unit 301 and a light-emitting unit 302 adapted to emit light (further described in the following).
  • the base unit 301 comprises a plurality of electromagnets 303, 304, which each may generate a magnetic field by means of current fed into the respective electromagnet 303, and a power-transmitting coil 304 capable of generating an alternating magnetic field.
  • the light-emitting unit 302 comprises a light- emitting element 305 capable of emitting light.
  • Such a light-emitting element 305 may for example comprise an OLED.
  • Such an OLED may have a shape adapted to user needs and/or capacity requirements.
  • the embodiment described with reference to Fig. 3 illustrates the exemplifying case of the light-emitting element 305 comprising a plate-shaped OLED.
  • the light-emitting unit 302 may further comprise at least one power-receiving coil 306 and at least one permanent magnet 307.
  • Components of the light-emitting unit 302 may be encased in a housing (not shown), preferably a non-conducting housing, in order to protect the components and/or provide an aesthetically pleasing appearance as perceived by the end- user.
  • a housing may comprise an opening or a transparent portion adapted to enable light emitted from the light-emitting element 305 to light at least a portion of the surroundings of the light-emitting device 300.
  • the base unit 301 comprises a certain number of electromagnets 303 and a certain number of power-transmitting coils 304
  • the light-emitting unit 302 comprises a single permanent magnet 307 and a single power-receiving coil 306
  • this does not limit the present invention, which rather encompasses embodiments comprising an arbitrary number of base unit 301 electromagnets 303 and an arbitrary number of power-transmitting coils 304, and arbitrary number of power-receiving coils 306 of the light-emitting unit 302 and an arbitrary number of permanent magnets 307 of the light-emitting unit 302.
  • the number of base unit 301 electromagnets 303, the number of power-transmitting coils 304, the number of power- receiving coils 306 of the light-emitting unit 302 and the number of permanent magnets 307 of the light-emitting unit 302 may for example be adapted according to user requirements and/or design requirements.
  • the light-emitting device 300 may further comprise a position and orientation sensor, generally indicated by the elements in Fig. 3 having the reference numeral 308, which position and orientation sensor 308 may be adapted to sense one or more of the position and orientation of the light-emitting unit 302 relatively to the base unit 301.
  • the position and orientation sensor 308 may be adapted to generate control signals indicative of the position and orientation of the light- emitting unit 302 relatively to the base unit 301.
  • the position and orientation sensor 308 may be of various types according to user needs and/or capacity requirements.
  • the position and orientation sensor 308 may for example comprise a Hall effect sensor, a laser interferometer, or an optical sensor of a type described in the foregoing.
  • the position and orientation sensor 308, according to the embodiment described with reference to Fig. 3 is indicated to be arranged in the base unit 301, the location of the position and orientation sensor 308 in the base unit 301 is by way of example only.
  • the position and orientation sensor 308 may be arranged at any suitable location in the light-emitting device 300, as indicated in Fig. 1, for example according to user, capacity and/or design requirements.
  • the position and orientation sensor 308 may be arranged externally with respect to the base unit 301 and the light-emitting unit 302.
  • the light-emitting unit 302 may further comprise a PCB 309 onto which the light-emitting element 305 may be arranged.
  • the light-emitting element 305 may be electrically connected with the power-receiving coil 306 of the light- emitting unit 302 by means of an electrical connector 310, for example comprising wiring.
  • the light-emitting element 305 may be electrically connected with the electromagnet 306 of the light-emitting unit 302 via one or more components, e.g. the PCB 309.
  • the light-emitting unit 302 may comprise a magnetic blocking element 311, comprising a soft magnetic material adapted to shield against, or block, magnetic fields.
  • the magnetic blocking element 311 may be arranged such that the light- emitting element 305 is arranged on one side of the magnetic blocking element 311 and the permanent magnet 307 and the power-receiving coil 306 are arranged on another side of the magnetic blocking element 311.
  • the permanent magnet 307 may be adapted such that the polarization of the permanent magnet 307 is substantially in an opposite direction compared to the polarization of the set of base unit 301 electromagnets 303.
  • the light-emitting unit 302 may be arranged such that the permanent magnet 307 is located within the generated static magnetic field and the electromagnet 306 of the light-emitting unit 302 is located within the generated alternating magnetic field.
  • current may be arranged to be supplied from a power source (not shown in Fig. 3, see Fig. 1) to each electromagnet of a set of base unit 301 electromagnets 303, whereby a static magnetic field may be generated.
  • current may be arranged to be supplied from the power source (not shown in Fig. 3, see Fig. 1) to at least one of at least one power-transmitting coil 304 of the base unit 301, whereby an alternating magnetic field may be generated.
  • current may be arranged to be supplied to the electromagnets 303 and the power-transmitting coil 304, respectively, on the basis of measurements of electrical quantities.
  • dedicated position and orientation sensors may not be necessary in some embodiments.
  • the thus generated static magnetic field may be generated such as to repulse the permanent magnet 307 in the light-emitting unit 302. In this manner, the light-emitting unit 302 may be caused to levitate a certain distance above the base unit 301.
  • the static magnetic field may be adapted on the basis of control signals generated by the position and orientation sensor 308, on sensing the position and/or orientation of the light-emitting unit 302 relatively the base unit 301 (i.e.
  • the static magnetic field may adapt for changes in the position of the light-emitting unit 302, whereby the position of the light- emitting unit 302 relatively the base unit 301 may be arranged in a substantially constant position relatively the base unit 301, over time.
  • the generated alternating magnetic field may induce an alternating voltage in the power-receiving coil 306 comprised in the light-emitting unit 302, whereby an alternating current may be generated that may be used to power the light-emitting element 305 comprised in the light-emitting unit 302, as the power-receiving coil 306 comprised in the light-emitting unit 302 is electrically connected with the at least one light-emitting element 305, as described in the foregoing.
  • the alternating current may be fed into electrical circuitry for processing, e.g. electrical circuitry adapted to convert the alternating electrical current into a direct current (for example by means of a rectifier), and the output from the electrical circuitry, e.g. direct current, may then be fed to the light-emitting element 305 for powering thereof.
  • electrical circuitry may for example be arranged on a PCB 309.
  • the position and orientation sensor 308 may be adapted to sense one or more of the position and orientation of the light-emitting unit 302 relatively to the base unit 301
  • the position and orientation sensor 308 may provide information indicative of the tilt angle of the light-emitting unit 302, i.e. the angle of the light-emitting unit 302 relatively a horizontal level, for example defined on the basis of the geometrical configuration of a support (not shown) on which the light-emitting device 300 is supported. Consequently, the tilt angle of the light-emitting unit 302 may be controlled by means of the position and orientation sensor 308.
  • a light-emitting element 305 comprising a light source adapted to user needs, for example a LED unit, a halogen lamp, a discharge lamp with reflectors, a laser, etc., having a directed light beam
  • the direction of the emitted light beam may be controlled electronically. This may for example be used to provide lighting effects in discotheques or for lighting up moving targets.
  • a schematic block diagram of a base unit 400 that may be comprised in a light emitting device (not shown in Fig. 4, see Figs. 1 and 3) according to an exemplifying embodiment of the present invention.
  • the base unit 400 comprises a plurality of electromagnets 401, 402.
  • the plurality of electromagnets 401, 402 may be arranged in an array, such as according to the depicted exemplifying embodiment in Fig. 4.
  • the particular configurations of the array in Fig. 2 and in Figs. 3 and 4 is by way of example only.
  • electromagnets of the base unit may be arranged in a circular array, a pentagonal array, a hexagonal array, etc., for example according to user, capacity and/or design requirements.
  • a power source 403 which may be connectable to the light-emitting device, may be adapted to superposition direct current and alternating current, thereby generating a super positioned current comprising both direct current and alternating current signals.
  • the power source 403 may be arranged integral with the light-emitting device, for example arranged in the base unit 400.
  • the base unit 400 may comprise a direct current branch 404, comprising an inductor element 405 adapted to block direct current.
  • the base unit 400 may comprise an alternating current branch 406, comprising a capacitor element 407 adapted to block direct current.
  • the super positioned current may be arranged to be supplied from the power source 403 to electromagnets 402 of a set of base unit 400 electromagnets 408 via the direct current branch 404.
  • the super positioned current may be arranged to be supplied from the power source 403 to at least one of at least one power-transmitting coil 401 of the base unit 400 via the alternating current branch 406.
  • FIG. 5 there is shown a schematic view of an electromagnet 500 that may be comprised in a base unit (not shown in Fig. 4, see Figs. 1, 3, 4) of a light- emitting device (not shown in Fig. 5, see Figs. 1 and 3) according to an exemplifying embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electromagnet 500 may comprise a coil 501 surrounding a core 502 comprising a permanent magnet 503.
  • the light-emitting device 600 comprises a base unit 601 and a light-emitting unit 602, such as have been described in the foregoing with reference to exemplifying embodiments of the present invention.
  • the light-emitting device 600 may comprise a position and orientation sensor 603, such as have been described in the foregoing with reference to exemplifying embodiments of the present invention. Detailed description of the components 601, 602, 603 with respect to Fig. 6 is therefore omitted.
  • the light-emitting device 600 may further comprise a reflector unit 604 comprising at least one reflector 605 adapted to reflect optical radiation, e.g. visible light, incident thereon.
  • a reflector unit 604, or reflector 605 may alternatively or optionally be arranged integral with another component of the light-emitting device 600, for example integral with the light-emitting unit 602.
  • the light-emitting device 600 may comprise a distance sensor 606 adapted to sense which power-transmitting coils of the at least one power-transmitting coil (not shown in Fig. 6) that are within a predetermined distance from the at least one power-receiving coil of the light-emitting unit 602.
  • a distance sensor 606 adapted to sense which power-transmitting coils of the at least one power-transmitting coil (not shown in Fig. 6) that are within a predetermined distance from the at least one power-receiving coil of the light-emitting unit 602.
  • a light-emitting device comprising a base unit and a light-emitting unit that is inductively powered for example by means of the base unit.
  • the light-emitting device is arranged such that the light-emitting unit may levitate above the base unit at a predetermined distance from the base unit.

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Abstract

It is disclosed a light-emitting device (300) comprising a base unit (301) and a light-emitting unit (302) that is inductively powered for example by means of the base unit. The light-emitting device is arranged such that the light-emitting unit may levitate above the base unit at a predetermined distance from the base unit. It is further disclosed a light- emitting system comprising a light-emitting device and a controller.

Description

Floating lamp
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the field of lighting. In particular, the present invention relates to a light-emitting device comprising a light-emitting unit that may be "levitated" above a base unit.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Light sources are widely used in a wide range of ambient lighting applications for creating a particular lighting atmosphere at various locations such as rooms. In some lighting applications, for example aimed at homes, offices, shops, hotels, etc., end-users in general desire light sources not only capable of providing a high quality of emitted light but also light sources that provide a novel and/or high technology looking design of the luminaire that has an aesthetically pleasing visual appearance as perceived by the end-user.
Magnetic levitation is known in the art. For example, controlled levitation of a single disk magnet above an array of cylindrical coils using electromagnetic repulsion to generate actuation forces and torques from coil currents has been realized. WO 2009/038464 describes an apparatus for orienting a magnetic object in free space with the aid of magnetic levitation, the apparatus comprising a magnet array comprising one or more magnets arranged in a circle around an imaginary axis, which magnet array generates a static magnetic field with an equilibrium location in this field at which the magnetic object can be maintained.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is with respect to the above considerations and others that the present invention has been made. In particular, the inventors have realized that it would be desirable to achieve a luminaire comprising a light source that is capable of levitating above a base unit. WO 2009/038464 neither describes nor indicates how the device of WO 2009/038464 might be incorporated in a luminaire, nor does WO 2009/038464 describe how the light source of such a luminaire could be powered. To better address one or more of these concerns, a light-emitting device and a system having the features defined in the independent claims are provided. Further advantageous embodiments of the present invention are defined in the dependent claims.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a light- emitting device comprising a base unit and a light-emitting unit. The light-emitting unit comprises at least one light-emitting element, at least one permanent magnet and at least one power-receiving coil electrically connected with the at least one light-emitting element, wherein the at least one power-receiving coil is adapted to generate current in response to being exposed to an alternating magnetic field. The light-emitting device may comprise a magnetic field generator adapted to generate an alternating magnetic field, adapted such that the alternating magnetic field induces a current flow in the at least one power receiving coil, and a static magnetic field, adapted such that the static magnetic field generates repulsing forces on the at least one permanent magnet such that the light-emitting unit substantially maintains a predetermined position relatively to the base unit. The predetermined position relatively to the base unit may be a position above the base unit, e.g. a position above an upper (surface) portion of the base unit.
In other words, a static magnetic field may be generated, adapted to repulse the at least one permanent magnet in the light-emitting unit, whereby the light-emitting unit may levitate, or "float", a certain distance above the base unit, where the repulsive magnetic force may be substantially equally large, but oppositely directed, compared to the force of gravity that is exerted on the light-emitting unit. The distance may depend on the magnitude of the repulsing magnetic forces on the at least one permanent magnet in the light-emitting unit, which repulsing forces in turn may depend on the strength of the generated static magnetic field. Specifically, the distance between the base unit and the light-emitting unit, levitating above the base unit, may be controlled by varying the strength of the generated static magnetic field.
The at least one permanent magnet of the light-emitting unit may for example be arranged such that the at least one permanent magnet substantially has cylindrical or spherical symmetry. For example, the at least one permanent magnet of the light-emitting unit may be substantially ring-shaped.
The at least one permanent magnet of the light-emitting unit may be magnetized such that the magnetization of the at least one permanent magnet is substantially radially symmetric. According to an exemplifying embodiment of the present invention, the light- emitting device may comprise a position and orientation sensor adapted to sense one or more of the position and orientation of the light-emitting unit relatively to the base unit.
By means of control signals generated by the position and orientation sensor, the static magnetic field may adapt for changes in the position of the light-emitting unit, whereby the position of the light-emitting unit relatively the base unit may be arranged in a substantially constant position relatively the base unit. The magnitude of the repulsing magnetic forces on the at least one permanent magnet in the light-emitting unit and/or the strength of the generated static magnetic field may be controlled by means of control signals generated by the position and orientation sensor.
As the position and orientation sensor may be adapted to sense one or more of the position and orientation of the light-emitting unit relatively to the base unit, the position and orientation sensor may provide information indicative of the tilt angle of the light- emitting unit, i.e. the angle of the light-emitting unit relatively a horizontal level, for example defined on the basis of the geometrical arrangement of the support on which the light- emitting device is supported.
The generated alternating magnetic field may induce an alternating voltage in the at least one power-receiving coil comprised in the light-emitting unit, thereby generating an alternating current that may be used to power the at least one light-emitting element comprised in the light-emitting unit, as the at least one power-receiving coil comprised in the light-emitting unit is electrically connected with the at least one light-emitting element.
In the context of some embodiments of the present invention and in relation to electrical components electrically connected to each other, the term connected, or electrically connected, is not limited to be construed as directly connected, or directly electrically connected, but also encompasses functional connections having intermediate components. For example, on one hand, if an output of a first component is connected to an input of a second component, this comprises a direct connection. On the other hand, if an electrical conductor directly supplies an electrical signal from the output of the first component substantially unchanged to the input of the second component, alternatively via one or more additional components, the first and second component are also connected. However, the connection is functional in the sense that a gradual or sudden change in the electrical signal from the output of the first component results in a corresponding or modified change in the signal that is input to the second component. The light-emitting unit may comprise electronic circuitry adapted to convert the generated alternating electrical current into a direct current, for example comprising a rectifier, which direct current may be used to provide power to operate the at least one light- emitting element. The at least one power-receiving coil comprised in the light-emitting unit may be implemented on a printed circuit board (PCB), which may further comprise electronic circuitry as mentioned in the foregoing, whereby electrical connection between the at least one power-receiving coil of the light emitting-unit and the at least one light-emitting element may be effectuated in an efficient and flexible manner. The at least one light-emitting element may thus be arranged on the PCB. Alternatively or optionally, the electronic circuitry may include one or more of AC/DC converters, DC to DC power converters, adapted to convert a source of DC voltage from one voltage level to another, etc.
In the context of some embodiments of the present invention, by "electromagnet" it is referred to a type of magnet in which a magnetic field is induced by a flow of current. The magnetic field in such a magnet may disappear when the current flow ceases. According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a light-emitting system comprising a light-emitting device according to the first aspect of the present invention or any embodiment thereof, and a controller adapted to supply current from a power source to the magnetic field generator.
By such a light-emitting system, there is provided a means for achieving flexible and adaptive operation of a light-emitting device according to the first aspect of the present invention or any embodiment thereof, for example with respect to user requirements and/or changes in operation conditions of the light-emitting device (e.g. external conditions, such as a change in the light level of the natural light).
According to another exemplifying embodiment of the present invention, super positioned current comprising super positioned alternating and direct current may be arranged to be supplied from at least one power source, which is adapted to generate current, to the magnetic field generator, in order to generate magnetic fields.
Typically, a magnetic field generator may comprise a plurality of electromagnets, or coils. A configuration such as described immediately in the foregoing may enable employing the same type of electromagnets both for generating a static magnetic field and an alternating magnetic field, whereby the same type of electromagnets, or coils, may be used both for the purpose of achieving levitation of the light-emitting unit above the base unit, such as described in the foregoing, and for providing inductive power transmission to the light-emitting unit (and thus, power to the light-emitting element). DC and AC signals to be super positioned into a super positioned current may be generated by two or more different power sources (e.g., one for DC and one for AC). Alternatively or optionally, one power source may generate super positioned signal directly. According to yet another exemplifying embodiment of the present invention, the light-emitting device may comprise a direct current branch, comprising an inductor element adapted to block alternating current, and an alternating current branch, comprising a capacitor element adapted to block direct current, wherein the super positioned current may be generated by means of the direct current branch and the alternating current branch. Such a configuration can enable a relatively easy, flexible with regards to capacity requirements and/or cost-effective (e.g. requiring relatively inexpensive components) means for implementing the embodiment described immediately prior to the present embodiment.
According to yet another exemplifying embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic field generator may comprise a set of electromagnets and at least one power- transmitting coil arranged in the base unit, and current may be arranged to be supplied from a power source, which is adapted to generate current, to each electromagnet of the set of electromagnets, whereby a static magnetic field may be generated, and current may be arranged to be supplied from the power source to at least one of the at least one power- transmitting coil, whereby an alternating magnetic field may be generated. By such a configuration there may be achieved a versatile with regards to operation and/or flexible with regards to capacity requirements and/or user needs manner of implementing the magnetic field generator.
Current may for example be arranged to be supplied from a power source on the basis of control signals generated by a position and orientation sensor. Alternatively or optionally, current may be arranged to be supplied from a power source on the basis of measurements of electrical quantities.
According to yet another exemplifying embodiment of the present invention, the power source may be adapted to superposition direct current and alternating current, thereby generating a super positioned current. The base unit may comprise a direct current branch, comprising an inductor element adapted to block alternating current, and an alternating current branch, comprising a capacitor element adapted to block direct current. The super positioned current may be arranged to be supplied from the power source to each electromagnet of the set of base unit electromagnets via the direct current branch. The super positioned current may be arranged to be supplied from the power source to at least one power-transmitting coil of the at least one power-transmitting coil via the alternating current branch.
Such a configuration can enable a relatively easy, flexible with regards to capacity requirements and/or cost-effective (e.g. requiring relatively inexpensive components) means for creating a static magnetic field and an alternating magnetic field that can be utilized in the light-emitting device according to the embodiment.
According to another exemplifying embodiment of the present invention, current supplied to electromagnets of the set of base unit electromagnets that are located substantially within a projection of at least one of the at least one power-receiving coil of the light-emitting unit onto the electromagnets of the set of base unit electromagnets may have a phase that is substantially opposite compared to the phase of current supplied to electromagnets of the set of base unit electromagnets that are located outside the projection.
In this manner, by driving the electromagnets of the set of base unit electromagnets that are located substantially within the projection in opposite phase compared to electromagnets of the set of base unit electromagnets that are located outside the projection, the efficiency of power transfer between the base unit and the light-emitting unit, as described herein with reference to exemplifying embodiment, may be improved (e.g. reduction of power loss in the power transfer).
According to yet another exemplifying embodiment of the present invention, the light-emitting element may comprise a distance sensor adapted to sense which power- transmitting coils of the at least one power-transmitting coil that are within a predetermined distance from the at least one power-receiving coil of the light-emitting unit. On the basis of the sensing operation, current may be arranged to be supplied from the power source to at least one power-transmitting coil of the at least one power-transmitting coil that is within the predetermined distance from the at least one power-receiving coil of the light-emitting unit.
In this manner, especially in case the base unit comprises such a large number of electromagnets that the light-emitting unit is substantially smaller compared to the base unit and/or the light-emitting unit is enabled to controllably change its position relatively the base unit (e.g. the position of the light-emitting unit in which the light-emitting unit levitates over the base unit), only the electromagnets that may substantially contribute to the magnetic power transfer between the base unit and the light-emitting unit may be powered. This may improve (e.g., reduce) the energy consumption of the light-emitting device according to the embodiment. According to yet another exemplifying embodiment of the present invention, at least one electromagnet of the set of base unit electromagnets comprises a core comprising a permanent magnet.
Such a configuration may enable generating an offset static magnetic field. In this manner, by the presence of the offset static magnetic field, less power may be required to generate the static magnetic field required for normal operation of the light-emitting device (i.e. with the light-emitting unit levitating above the base unit) by current supplied from for example the power source to each of the set of base unit electromagnets. Thus, by the embodiment described immediately above, an improvement (e.g. a reduction) of the energy consumption of the light-emitting device may be enabled. In other words, by the embodiment described immediately above, a light-emitting device having a relatively low energy consumption may be achieved.
According to yet another exemplifying embodiment of the present invention, current may be arranged to be supplied from the power source to at least one power- transmitting coil of the at least one power-transmitting coil such that the temporal mean value of the strength of the generated alternating magnetic field is less than a predetermined mean magnetic field strength.
Such a configuration may enable that, during operation of the light-emitting device, the net magnetic force acting on the at least one permanent magnet of the light- emitting unit becomes substantially zero.
The alternating magnetic field may be generated such that the frequency of the alternating magnetic field is of such magnitude that the inertia of the light-emitting unit averages out the forces of the alternating magnetic field.
According to yet another exemplifying embodiment of the present invention, the light-emitting unit may comprise a magnetic blocking element, comprising a soft magnetic material, arranged such that the at least one light-emitting element is arranged on one side of the magnetic blocking element and at least one of the at least one permanent magnet and the at least one power-receiving coil are arranged on another side of the magnetic blocking element. Thus, by the magnetic blocking element arranged in the light-emitting unit, the light-emitting element and/or electric circuitry of the light-emitting unit may be shielded from magnetic fields.
In this manner, unwanted interference between the magnetic fields and electronic circuitry in the light-emitting unit may be reduced or eliminated. For example, in this manner induced voltages in a PCB comprised in the light-emitting unit, and/or loss due to induced eddy currents in electrodes of a light-emitting diode (LED), may be eliminated or mitigated. The magnetic blocking element may preferably be adapted such that the magnetic blocking element is able to guide the flux of the alternating magnetic field without magnetic saturation occurring. For achieving this, the magnetic blocking element may be arranged having a predetermined thickness and/or comprise a soft magnetic material having a saturation magnetic flux density of such magnitude that the magnetic blocking element is able to guide the flux of the alternating magnetic field without magnetic saturation occurring. According to yet another exemplifying embodiment of the present invention, the position and orientation sensor may comprise a Hall effect sensor, a laser interferometer, and/or an optical sensor of the type comprising at least one light receptor and at least one light emitter arranged on the base unit, the at least one light emitter being adapted to cooperate with corresponding ones of at least one marking element arranged on the light- emitting unit. Alternatively or optionally, the at least one light receptor and at least one light emitter may be arranged on the light emitting unit, wherein the at least one light emitter may be adapted to cooperate with corresponding ones of at least one marking element arranged on the base unit.
In this manner, a position and orientation sensor, capable of sensing one or more of the position and orientation of the light-emitting unit relatively to the base unit, may be implemented relatively easily in the light-emitting device according to the embodiment. Such a position and orientation sensor may provide an increased flexibility with regards to capacity requirements.
In the context of some embodiments of the present invention, by "Hall effect" it is referred to the effect that a current-carrying conductor placed into a magnetic field will give rise to a voltage perpendicular to both the current and the magnetic field.
In the context of some embodiments of the present invention, "Hall effect sensor" refers to a sensor utilizing the Hall effect in order to, e.g., sense magnetic fields.
According to yet another exemplifying embodiment of the present invention, the at least one light-emitting element comprises an organic light-emitting diode (OLED). In this manner, the power consumption of the light-emitting device according to the embodiment may be improved, as OLEDs in general have a small form factor, a small weight and a low operation voltage requirement compared to, e.g., other types of LEDs or other types of light-emitting elements. Alternatively or optionally, the at least one light-emitting element may for example comprise crystalline LEDs, light bulbs including halogen lamps, discharge lamps, fluorescent lamps, laser lamps, etc.
According to yet another exemplifying embodiment of the present invention, the light-emitting device may comprise at least one reflector.
Such a reflector may in general enable an increased flexibility in controlling the spatial intensity distribution of the light emitted from the light-emitting device to be achieved. The spatial intensity distribution of the light emitted from the light-emitting device may thus be adapted to user needs and/or capacity requirements. Such a reflector may for example comprise a phosphor screen (e.g. a substrate comprising a phosphor coating), a metal coating, such as an aluminum coating, an interference filter, such as a multilayer of thin SiO2 and ZrO2 layers, a diffuse coating, etc.
The light-emitting device is not limited to a single light-emitting unit, but rather, according to an embodiment of the present invention the light-emitting device may comprises plurality of light-emitting units, such as have been described in the foregoing. The operation and/or function of each of the plurality of light-emitting units is analogous to the operation and/or function, respectively, of the light-emitting unit with reference to embodiments of the present invention described in the foregoing.
Further objects and advantages of the present invention are described in the following by means of exemplifying embodiments.
It is noted that the invention relates to all possible combinations of features recited in the claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Exemplifying embodiments of the invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a light-emitting system according to an exemplifying embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a magnetic field generator in accordance with an exemplifying embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic exploded view of a light-emitting device according to an exemplifying embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a base unit of a light emitting device in accordance with an exemplifying embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 5 is a schematic view of an electromagnet comprised in a base unit of a light-emitting device according to an exemplifying embodiment of the present invention; and Fig. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a light-emitting device according to an exemplifying embodiment of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or similar elements throughout the views.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which exemplifying embodiments of the invention are shown. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided by way of example so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, like numbers refer to like or similar elements or components throughout.
Referring now to Fig. 1, there is shown a schematic block diagram of a light- emitting system 100 according to an exemplifying embodiment of the present invention. The light-emitting system 100 comprises a light-emitting device 101 according to an embodiment of the present invention, which light-emitting device 101 may be connectable to a power source 102 adapted to generate current. According to the exemplifying embodiment described with reference to Fig. 1, the light-emitting device 101 is connected to the power source 102. The light-emitting device 101 comprises a base unit 103 and a light-emitting unit 104 adapted to emit light, as further described in the following. The light-emitting unit 104 may comprise at least one permanent magnet 105 and at least one power-receiving coil 106. Alternatively or optionally, the power source 102 may be arranged integral with the light- emitting system 100, or integral with the light-emitting device 101. The power source 102 may for example comprise a battery unit, for example arranged in the base unit 103. It is emphasized that Fig. 1 is schematic. In particular, the positions of the elements in the drawing relatively each other are schematic. With further reference to Fig. 1, the light- emitting system 100 further comprises a controller 107 that may be adapted to supply current from the power source 102 to the base unit 103.
The light-emitting device 101 may comprise a position and orientation sensor 108 that may be adapted to sense one or more of the position and orientation of the light- emitting unit 104 relatively to the base unit 103. With further reference to Fig. 1, the light-emitting device 101 further comprises a magnetic field generator 109 adapted to generate an alternating magnetic field, adapted such that a current flow may be induced in the power receiving coil 106, and a static magnetic field, adapted such that the static magnetic field may generate repulsing (magnetic) forces on the permanent magnet 105 such that the light-emitting unit 104 substantially maintains a predetermined position relatively to the base unit 103, for example such that the light-emitting unit 104 substantially maintains a predetermined position above the base unit 103. For example, the repulsing forces may be such that the center of mass of the light- emitting unit 104 deviates momentarily only a few millimeters in any direction from a predetermined position. The position of the magnetic field generator 109 relatively the other components of the light-emitting device 101 is shown schematically and only by way of example. For example, the magnetic field generator 109 may be integrated in the base unit 103.
Referring now to Fig. 2, there is shown a schematic block diagram of a magnetic field generator 200 according to an exemplifying embodiment of the present invention. The magnetic field generator 200 depicted in Fig. 2 may for example be arranged in the base unit (not shown in Fig. 2). The magnetic field generator 200 may comprise a power-transmitting coil 201 and a set 202 of electromagnets 203. Current may be arranged to be supplied from a power source (not shown in Fig. 2, cf. Fig. 1) to the power-transmitting coil 201, whereby an alternating magnetic field may be generated. Current may be arranged to be supplied from a power source (not shown in Fig. 2, cf. Fig 1), to each electromagnet 203 of the set 202, whereby a static magnetic field may be generated.
Although, according to the exemplifying embodiment described with reference to Fig. 2, the magnetic field generator 200 comprises a certain number of electromagnets 203 and a single power-transmitting coil 201, this does not limit the present invention, which rather encompasses embodiments comprising an arbitrary number of magnetic field generator 200 electromagnets 203 and an arbitrary number magnetic field generator 200 power- transmitting coils 201. The number of magnetic field generator 200 electromagnets 203 and the number magnetic field generator 200 power-transmitting coils 201 may for example be adapted according to user requirements and/or design requirements.
A power-receiving and/or a power-transmitting coil such as described herein with reference to exemplifying embodiments of the present invention may for example comprise conducting wire wound substantially into the shape of a spiral, a copper spiral arranged on a PCB, etc. The electromagnets, or levitation coils, described herein with reference to exemplifying embodiments of the present invention may for example comprise conducting wire wound substantially into the shape of a spiral, a copper spiral arranged on a PCB, etc.
Referring now to Fig. 3, there is shown a schematic exploded view of a light- emitting device 300 according to an exemplifying embodiment of the present invention. The light-emitting device 300 comprises a base unit 301 and a light-emitting unit 302 adapted to emit light (further described in the following). The base unit 301 comprises a plurality of electromagnets 303, 304, which each may generate a magnetic field by means of current fed into the respective electromagnet 303, and a power-transmitting coil 304 capable of generating an alternating magnetic field. The light-emitting unit 302 comprises a light- emitting element 305 capable of emitting light. Such a light-emitting element 305 may for example comprise an OLED. Such an OLED may have a shape adapted to user needs and/or capacity requirements. For instance, the embodiment described with reference to Fig. 3 illustrates the exemplifying case of the light-emitting element 305 comprising a plate-shaped OLED. The light-emitting unit 302 may further comprise at least one power-receiving coil 306 and at least one permanent magnet 307. Components of the light-emitting unit 302 may be encased in a housing (not shown), preferably a non-conducting housing, in order to protect the components and/or provide an aesthetically pleasing appearance as perceived by the end- user. Such a housing may comprise an opening or a transparent portion adapted to enable light emitted from the light-emitting element 305 to light at least a portion of the surroundings of the light-emitting device 300.
Although, according to the exemplifying embodiment described with reference to Fig. 3, the base unit 301 comprises a certain number of electromagnets 303 and a certain number of power-transmitting coils 304, and the light-emitting unit 302 comprises a single permanent magnet 307 and a single power-receiving coil 306, this does not limit the present invention, which rather encompasses embodiments comprising an arbitrary number of base unit 301 electromagnets 303 and an arbitrary number of power-transmitting coils 304, and arbitrary number of power-receiving coils 306 of the light-emitting unit 302 and an arbitrary number of permanent magnets 307 of the light-emitting unit 302. The number of base unit 301 electromagnets 303, the number of power-transmitting coils 304, the number of power- receiving coils 306 of the light-emitting unit 302 and the number of permanent magnets 307 of the light-emitting unit 302 may for example be adapted according to user requirements and/or design requirements. With further reference to Fig. 3, the light-emitting device 300 may further comprise a position and orientation sensor, generally indicated by the elements in Fig. 3 having the reference numeral 308, which position and orientation sensor 308 may be adapted to sense one or more of the position and orientation of the light-emitting unit 302 relatively to the base unit 301. On the basis of such sensing, the position and orientation sensor 308 may be adapted to generate control signals indicative of the position and orientation of the light- emitting unit 302 relatively to the base unit 301. The position and orientation sensor 308 may be of various types according to user needs and/or capacity requirements. The position and orientation sensor 308 may for example comprise a Hall effect sensor, a laser interferometer, or an optical sensor of a type described in the foregoing. Although the position and orientation sensor 308, according to the embodiment described with reference to Fig. 3, is indicated to be arranged in the base unit 301, the location of the position and orientation sensor 308 in the base unit 301 is by way of example only. The position and orientation sensor 308 may be arranged at any suitable location in the light-emitting device 300, as indicated in Fig. 1, for example according to user, capacity and/or design requirements. For example, the position and orientation sensor 308 may be arranged externally with respect to the base unit 301 and the light-emitting unit 302.
With further reference to Fig. 3, the light-emitting unit 302 may further comprise a PCB 309 onto which the light-emitting element 305 may be arranged. In accordance with the embodiment described with reference to Fig. 3, the light-emitting element 305 may be electrically connected with the power-receiving coil 306 of the light- emitting unit 302 by means of an electrical connector 310, for example comprising wiring. As discussed in the foregoing, the light-emitting element 305 may be electrically connected with the electromagnet 306 of the light-emitting unit 302 via one or more components, e.g. the PCB 309. The light-emitting unit 302 may comprise a magnetic blocking element 311, comprising a soft magnetic material adapted to shield against, or block, magnetic fields. As indicated in Fig. 3, the magnetic blocking element 311 may be arranged such that the light- emitting element 305 is arranged on one side of the magnetic blocking element 311 and the permanent magnet 307 and the power-receiving coil 306 are arranged on another side of the magnetic blocking element 311.
The principles of operation of a light-emitting device 300 according to an exemplifying embodiment of the present invention are now described with reference to Fig. 3. The permanent magnet 307 may be adapted such that the polarization of the permanent magnet 307 is substantially in an opposite direction compared to the polarization of the set of base unit 301 electromagnets 303. The light-emitting unit 302 may be arranged such that the permanent magnet 307 is located within the generated static magnetic field and the electromagnet 306 of the light-emitting unit 302 is located within the generated alternating magnetic field.
For example on basis of control signals generated by the position and orientation sensor 308, current may be arranged to be supplied from a power source (not shown in Fig. 3, see Fig. 1) to each electromagnet of a set of base unit 301 electromagnets 303, whereby a static magnetic field may be generated. For example on basis of control signals generated by the position and orientation sensor 308, current may be arranged to be supplied from the power source (not shown in Fig. 3, see Fig. 1) to at least one of at least one power-transmitting coil 304 of the base unit 301, whereby an alternating magnetic field may be generated. Alternatively or optionally, current may be arranged to be supplied to the electromagnets 303 and the power-transmitting coil 304, respectively, on the basis of measurements of electrical quantities. Thus, dedicated position and orientation sensors may not be necessary in some embodiments. The thus generated static magnetic field may be generated such as to repulse the permanent magnet 307 in the light-emitting unit 302. In this manner, the light-emitting unit 302 may be caused to levitate a certain distance above the base unit 301. The static magnetic field may be adapted on the basis of control signals generated by the position and orientation sensor 308, on sensing the position and/or orientation of the light-emitting unit 302 relatively the base unit 301 (i.e. by means of a control feedback loop), such that the light-emitting unit 302 is located substantially at the same position above the base unit 301 over a period of time, for example over the period of operation of the light-emitting device 300. In other words, by means of the control signals generated by the position and orientation sensor 308, the static magnetic field may adapt for changes in the position of the light-emitting unit 302, whereby the position of the light- emitting unit 302 relatively the base unit 301 may be arranged in a substantially constant position relatively the base unit 301, over time. The generated alternating magnetic field may induce an alternating voltage in the power-receiving coil 306 comprised in the light-emitting unit 302, whereby an alternating current may be generated that may be used to power the light-emitting element 305 comprised in the light-emitting unit 302, as the power-receiving coil 306 comprised in the light-emitting unit 302 is electrically connected with the at least one light-emitting element 305, as described in the foregoing. The alternating current may be fed into electrical circuitry for processing, e.g. electrical circuitry adapted to convert the alternating electrical current into a direct current (for example by means of a rectifier), and the output from the electrical circuitry, e.g. direct current, may then be fed to the light-emitting element 305 for powering thereof. Such electrical circuitry may for example be arranged on a PCB 309.
As already discussed in the foregoing, as the position and orientation sensor 308 may be adapted to sense one or more of the position and orientation of the light-emitting unit 302 relatively to the base unit 301, the position and orientation sensor 308 may provide information indicative of the tilt angle of the light-emitting unit 302, i.e. the angle of the light-emitting unit 302 relatively a horizontal level, for example defined on the basis of the geometrical configuration of a support (not shown) on which the light-emitting device 300 is supported. Consequently, the tilt angle of the light-emitting unit 302 may be controlled by means of the position and orientation sensor 308. In combination with a light-emitting element 305 comprising a light source adapted to user needs, for example a LED unit, a halogen lamp, a discharge lamp with reflectors, a laser, etc., having a directed light beam, the direction of the emitted light beam may be controlled electronically. This may for example be used to provide lighting effects in discotheques or for lighting up moving targets.
Referring now to Fig. 4, there is shown a schematic block diagram of a base unit 400 that may be comprised in a light emitting device (not shown in Fig. 4, see Figs. 1 and 3) according to an exemplifying embodiment of the present invention. The base unit 400 comprises a plurality of electromagnets 401, 402. The plurality of electromagnets 401, 402 may be arranged in an array, such as according to the depicted exemplifying embodiment in Fig. 4. The particular configurations of the array in Fig. 2 and in Figs. 3 and 4 (an "inverted T" and a "cross" configuration, respectively) is by way of example only. For example, electromagnets of the base unit may be arranged in a circular array, a pentagonal array, a hexagonal array, etc., for example according to user, capacity and/or design requirements.
With further reference to Fig. 4, a power source 403, which may be connectable to the light-emitting device, may be adapted to superposition direct current and alternating current, thereby generating a super positioned current comprising both direct current and alternating current signals. Alternatively or optionally, the power source 403 may be arranged integral with the light-emitting device, for example arranged in the base unit 400. The base unit 400 may comprise a direct current branch 404, comprising an inductor element 405 adapted to block direct current. The base unit 400 may comprise an alternating current branch 406, comprising a capacitor element 407 adapted to block direct current. In this manner, the super positioned current may be arranged to be supplied from the power source 403 to electromagnets 402 of a set of base unit 400 electromagnets 408 via the direct current branch 404. The super positioned current may be arranged to be supplied from the power source 403 to at least one of at least one power-transmitting coil 401 of the base unit 400 via the alternating current branch 406.
Referring now to Fig. 5, there is shown a schematic view of an electromagnet 500 that may be comprised in a base unit (not shown in Fig. 4, see Figs. 1, 3, 4) of a light- emitting device (not shown in Fig. 5, see Figs. 1 and 3) according to an exemplifying embodiment of the present invention. The electromagnet 500 may comprise a coil 501 surrounding a core 502 comprising a permanent magnet 503.
Referring now to Fig. 6, there is shown a schematic block diagram of a light- emitting device 600 according to an exemplifying embodiment of the present invention. The light-emitting device 600 comprises a base unit 601 and a light-emitting unit 602, such as have been described in the foregoing with reference to exemplifying embodiments of the present invention. The light-emitting device 600 may comprise a position and orientation sensor 603, such as have been described in the foregoing with reference to exemplifying embodiments of the present invention. Detailed description of the components 601, 602, 603 with respect to Fig. 6 is therefore omitted. The light-emitting device 600 may further comprise a reflector unit 604 comprising at least one reflector 605 adapted to reflect optical radiation, e.g. visible light, incident thereon. Such a reflector unit 604, or reflector 605, may alternatively or optionally be arranged integral with another component of the light-emitting device 600, for example integral with the light-emitting unit 602.
With further reference to Fig. 6, the light-emitting device 600 may comprise a distance sensor 606 adapted to sense which power-transmitting coils of the at least one power-transmitting coil (not shown in Fig. 6) that are within a predetermined distance from the at least one power-receiving coil of the light-emitting unit 602. On the basis of the sensing operation thus performed by the distance sensor 606, current may be arranged to be supplied from a power source (not shown in Fig. 6, cf. Fig. 1) to at least one of the at least one power-transmitting coil that is within the predetermined distance from the at least one power-receiving coil (not shown in Fig. 6) of the light-emitting unit 602.
In conclusion, it is disclosed a light-emitting device comprising a base unit and a light-emitting unit that is inductively powered for example by means of the base unit. The light-emitting device is arranged such that the light-emitting unit may levitate above the base unit at a predetermined distance from the base unit. While the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the appended drawings and the foregoing description, such illustration and description are to be considered illustrative or exemplifying and not restrictive; the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Other variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by those skilled in the art in practicing the claimed invention, from a study of the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measured cannot be used to advantage. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope.

Claims

CLAIMS:
1. A light-emitting device (101; 300; 600), comprising: a base unit (103; 301; 400; 601); a light-emitting unit (104; 302; 602) comprising at least one light-emitting element (305), at least one permanent magnet (105; 307) and at least one power-receiving coil (106; 306) electrically connected with said at least one light-emitting element, wherein said at least one power-receiving coil is adapted to generate current in response to being exposed to an alternating magnetic field; and a magnetic field generator (109) adapted to generate an alternating magnetic field, adapted such that said alternating magnetic field induces a current flow in said at least one power receiving coil, and a static magnetic field, adapted such that said static magnetic field generates repulsing forces on said at least one permanent magnet such that said light- emitting unit maintains a predetermined position above said base unit.
2. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, further comprising a position and orientation sensor (108; 308) adapted to sense one or more of the position and orientation of said light-emitting unit relatively to said base unit.
3. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein super positioned current comprising super positioned alternating and direct current is arranged to be supplied from at least one power source (102; 403), adapted to generate current, to said magnetic field generator for generating magnetic fields.
4. The light-emitting device according to claim 3, further comprising a direct current branch (404), comprising an inductor element (405) adapted to block alternating current, and an alternating current branch (406), comprising a capacitor element (407) adapted to block direct current, wherein the super positioned current is generated by means of said direct current branch and said alternating current branch.
5. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein said magnetic field generator comprises a set (202) of electromagnets (203; 303) and at least one power- transmitting coil (201; 304) arranged in said base unit, and wherein current is arranged to be supplied from a power source (102; 403), adapted to generate current, to each electromagnet of said set of electromagnets, whereby a static magnetic field is generated, and current is arranged to be supplied from said power source to at least one of said at least one power- transmitting coil, whereby an alternating magnetic field is generated.
6. The light-emitting device according to claim 5, wherein said power source is adapted to superposition direct current and alternating current, thereby generating a super positioned current, and wherein said base unit comprises a direct current branch (404), comprising an inductor element (405) adapted to block alternating current, and an alternating current branch (406), comprising a capacitor element (407) adapted to block direct current, wherein said super positioned current is arranged to be supplied from said power source to each electromagnet of said set of base unit electromagnets (408) via said direct current branch and from said power source to at least one power-transmitting coil (401) of said at least one power-transmitting coil via said alternating current branch.
7. The light-emitting device according to claim 5, wherein current supplied to electromagnets of said set of base unit electromagnets that are located substantially within a projection of at least one of the at least one power-receiving coil of said light-emitting unit onto the electromagnets of said set of base unit electromagnets has a phase that is substantially opposite compared to the phase of current supplied to electromagnets of said set of base unit electromagnets that are located outside said projection.
8. The light-emitting device according to claim 5, further comprising a distance sensor (606) adapted to sense which power-transmitting coils of said at least one power- transmitting coil that are within a predetermined distance from the at least one power- receiving coil of said light-emitting unit, and wherein, on the basis of said sensing operation, current is arranged to be supplied from said power source to at least one power-transmitting coil of said at least one power-transmitting coil that is within the predetermined distance from the at least one power-receiving coil of said light-emitting unit.
9. The light-emitting device according to claim 5, wherein at least one electromagnet (500) of said set of base unit electromagnets comprises a core (502) comprising a permanent magnet (503).
10. The light-emitting device according to claim 5, wherein current is arranged to be supplied from said power source to at least one power-transmitting coil of said at least one power-transmitting coil such that the temporal mean value of the strength of the generated alternating magnetic field is less than a predetermined mean magnetic field strength.
11. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein said light-emitting unit further comprises a magnetic blocking element (311) comprising a soft magnetic material, wherein the magnetic blocking element is arranged such that said at least one light- emitting element is arranged on one side of the magnetic blocking element and at least one of said at least one permanent magnet and said at least one power-receiving coil are arranged on another side of the magnetic blocking element.
12. The light-emitting device according to claim 2, wherein said position and orientation sensor comprises a Hall effect sensor, a laser interferometer, or an optical sensor of the type comprising at least one light receptor and at least one light emitter arranged on said base unit, the at least one light emitter being adapted to cooperate with corresponding ones of at least one marking element arranged on said light-emitting unit.
13. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the light-emitting element comprises an organic light-emitting diode.
14. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, further comprising at least one reflector (605).
15. A light-emitting system (100), comprising : a light-emitting device (101; 300; 600) according to any one of claims 1-14; and a controller (107) adapted to supply current from a power source (102) to the magnetic field generator (109; 200).
PCT/IB2010/052860 2009-06-25 2010-06-23 Floating lamp WO2010150207A1 (en)

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EP2636948A1 (en) * 2012-03-09 2013-09-11 Zumtobel Lighting GmbH LED lamp and method for operating such a lamp
CN103867939A (en) * 2012-12-07 2014-06-18 财团法人工业技术研究院 Lighting device
WO2017072046A1 (en) * 2015-10-26 2017-05-04 Philips Lighting Holding B.V. Lighting effects
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WO2018217589A1 (en) * 2017-05-20 2018-11-29 Simon Morris System and method for magnetically suspending or levitating an object
JP2019120810A (en) * 2018-01-09 2019-07-22 株式会社小泉製作所 Floating bell device
JP2020013774A (en) * 2018-12-26 2020-01-23 後藤 幾子 Illuminator

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EP2636948A1 (en) * 2012-03-09 2013-09-11 Zumtobel Lighting GmbH LED lamp and method for operating such a lamp
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FR3065778A1 (en) * 2017-04-27 2018-11-02 Ilia Potemine LIGHTING DEVICE COMPRISING A MOBILE LIGHTING ELEMENT AND A SUPPORT, AND LIGHTING ELEMENT THEREFOR
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JP2019120810A (en) * 2018-01-09 2019-07-22 株式会社小泉製作所 Floating bell device
JP2020013774A (en) * 2018-12-26 2020-01-23 後藤 幾子 Illuminator

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