WO2010144068A1

WO2010144068A1 - Planing boat bottom

Info

Publication number: WO2010144068A1
Application number: PCT/UA2009/000046
Authority: WO
Inventors: Vadim Victorovich Shumakov
Original assignee: Vadim Victorovich Shumakov
Priority date: 2009-06-11
Filing date: 2009-10-02
Publication date: 2010-12-16
Also published as: UA93292C2

Abstract

The planning boat bottom relates to shipbuilding industry and can be applied for building of water transport. Bottom comprises keel, lower and overhead longitudinal steps, transversal sweepforward step which divides a bottom on leeled nose and aft parts, three rows of spoilers in nose part of bottom. Keeled aft part is executed with tunnel configuration, and transversal step is variable sweepforwarded, and central part of bearing surface of nose part executed in the transversal vertical crossing in the form "swallow's wing". Spoilers in nose part of bottom are sweepforwarded by screwing of bottom of incide between longitudinal steps, and the keel of body is longitudinal v-shaped. The device clamed allows increasing of hydrodynamic quality of planing boat at all range of speeds, and also increasing of air supply efficiency to the bottom.

Description

PLANING BOAT BOTTOM

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to shipbuilding industry and can be applied in building of water transport, namely, planing boats and their structural elements.

BACKGROUND ART

Traditionally for building of planing boats bodies hard-chine configuration of bottom with longitudinal and transversal steps for the reducing of water resistance are applied which allows achievement of high speed and saving of fuel [CnpaBOHHHK no ManoTOHaacHOMy cyπ;ocτpoeHHK>, 1987 r. COCT. MOPABHHOB, CTp. 250].

Last years configurations got application with arrow-shaped steps on the bodies of enhanceable deadrise. There are steps both straight-in and reverse arrow-shaped (in first case a top of step is nearer to the stem in relation to intersections lateral parts of steps with sides). The arrow-shaped form of step allows considerably reduce the overload of boat on agitation, as an area and force of hydrodynamic impact, beginning from the top of step, grows more smooth than in the case of the use of perpendicular keel step and small deadrise of bottom.

The ship bottom construction, which has steps configuration is known [Electronic resource]. - access mode: http://www.vveter.ru/catalog.php?view=7 (Site of company «BOJI5KCKHH Beτep»)]. This bottom characterises by the presence of transversal arrow- shaped ledge - the step which divides a bottom by two planing areas, - basic, located immediately in front of the step, and aft area in transom. Position of transversal step is usually defined so that the basic area is from 60 to a 90% of boat mass. Due to that a planing area has more hydrodynamic lengthening and almost in 2 times less wetted surface, what ordinary boats, on the mode the equaplanings step boats have high hydrodynamic quality, and firmness of motion less depends on gravity centre position. Transversal step during motion creates a layer on water surface after itself, which consists of mixture of water and air on which an aft part of bottom slides (aerate the bottom) reducing hydrodynamic resistance.

The most closely related to the invention of technical nature, purpose, results achieved, and chosen to be a prototype is the body of "Fast Trac" [Electronic resource]: - access mode: http://www.allyachts.ru/Article.asp?ID_Arcticle=528 (Site World Yachting Group], which comprises keel, lower and overhead longitudinal steps, transversal step of reverse arrow-shaped which divides a bottom on deadrise nose and aft parts, three rows of spoilers in nose part of bottom. Conical inductors, one on every side, considerably improve operating characteristics in turn. When heeled, they support ventilation of bottom, providing aerated water access of enough quantity to the step which reduces hydrodynamic resistance and increases efficiency. Constructed for providing of more clear, more safe and more effective turns, spoilers work as miniature steps. During cornering they aerate nose part of the body, reducing hydrodynamic resistance of nose part of body, reducing shaking. As a result is remarkable dirigibility and clear support of the selected course at turns on middle and high speed. This device is however has some drawbacks.

At first, low hydrodynamic quality of construction takes a place at the expense of an efficiency of transversal steps reduces because of influencing of turbulenftrack after spoilers onto them, manufactured as protruding for the contours of the body ledges, that reduces hydrodynamic quality of the body.

In addition, to the lacks of above mentioned device it also has low efficiency of air supplying to the bottom because of the aerated layer of water mixed with air (that reduces water resistance friction of bottom) out of transversal steps squeezed out a careening body in the direction to the sides. DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION

The objects put into the basis of the invention are to increase the hydrodynamic quality of planing boat in all range of speeds, and also to increase the efficiency of air supply to the bottom. For the accomplishment of the above mentioned objects the concerning planing boat bottom comprises keel, lower and overhead longitudinal steps, reverse arrow-shaped transversal step which divides a bottom on keeled nose and aft parts, three rows of spoilers in nose part of bottom. In accordance with an invention, keeled aft part is executed with tunnel configuration, and transversal step has variable sweepforward, and the central part of the bearing surface of nose part is executed in the transversal vertical crossing in form of "swallow's wing", meanwhile the spoilers in nose part of bottom are executed with sweepforward by pressuring of the bottom inside between longitudinal steps, and the keel of body is longitudinally v-shaped. In accordance with one of variants of realization of the present invention, the central part of bearing surfaces of the transversal step has the small corner of sweepforward up to 15° unbended towards the aft part with the increase of corner of attack on W3=l,5-3° in relation to the lateral bearings surfaces of transversal step, thus lines of buttock in a centerplane, which describe central part of bearing surface of nose part, before transversal step, are located under the comer of Wl = 2-5° to the lines of buttocks in the centerplane of aft part of bottom, and aft part has lateral keels and executed in form of modified tunnel trimaran with side sloping surfaces and with a central hydroskis, with the corner of deadrise 0-15°, meanwhile lateral keels are unbended for a step to aft part downward in relation to the keel of central hydroskis of aft part on the corner ofW2 = l-3°.

According to another variant of bottom construction, the transversal step walls have a variable comer of sweepforward and transversal ductings which broaden to the sides, meanwhile the height of transversal step is 0,06-0,075 of width of bottom, and openings of the air ductings are located in the vertical wall of central part of transversal step, and transom protruding parts is executed in aft part of bottom.

The present invention allows to increase the hydrodynamic quality of bottom mainly due to the increase of area of bottom, by the circumfluous water mixed with air (aerated), and orientations of bearings surfaces of bottom on the optimum corner of attack 2-3°. Tunnel (trimaran) aft bypasses, located behind transversal step, glides on the surfaces of waves «smoothed» out by force of step , which are perceived nose part with keeled bypasses o «deep V» type, which provides high hydrodynamic quality of the bottom body at agitation and high nautical qualities of bottom. In addition, high transversal stiffness of tunnel aft part with lateral keels allows to compensate the decline of transversal stiffness of nose bottom part at the use of concave keeled transversal crossings before the step and to realize the maximal bearing ability and hydrodynamic quality of nose bottom part. The task of increase of efficiency of air supplying to the bottom is arrived in the present invention due to the bottom is combined with difficult bypasses - transversal sweepforward step in the forehand of bottom and modified tunnel tramaran with side sloping surfaces in forage part, that in an aggregate allow maximally to realize positive qualities of these types of bottoms and correct their failings. Tunnel (trimaran) aft configuration, located behind nose part with bypasses of «deep V» type keeps it high bearings properties, not only on high-rate at the intensive injector intake of tunnels by counter-current flow but also at the middle rate of movement due to the intensive air injector sucking to the inlet of the tunnel transversal sweepforward step, - thus there is a «supercharge» of tunnels by air at considerably less speeds.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

Figs. 1 shows underside view of the bottom; Figs. 2 - cut of A-A; Figs. 3 - a cut of B-B; Figs. 4 - back view of the bottom; Figs. 5 - an axonometric view of the bottom. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Bottom of planning boat comprises a keel (1), lower and overhead longitudinal steps (2), transversal sweep forward step (3) which divides the bottom on keeled nose (4) and aft parts (5), three rows of spoilers (6) in nose part (4) of bottom (see Figs. 1-4). Keeled aft part (5) is executed with tunnel configuration (7), and transversal step (3) of variable sweep forward, and central part of bearing surface (8) of nose part (4) which is executed in the transversal vertical crossing in "swallow's wing" form, thus spoilers (6) in nose part (4) of bottom are sweep forward executed, and the keel ( 1 ) of the body is longitudinal v-shaped. Central part of bearing surfaces (8) of transversal step (3) has the small corner of sweepforward up to 15° and unbended downward to the aft part (5) with the increase of angle of attack on W3=l,5-3° in relation to the lateral bearing surfaces (9) of transversal step (3), thus lines of buttocks in a centerplane, which describe central part of bearing surface (8) of nose part (4), before transversal step (3), located under the corner of Wl = 2-5° to the buttocks lines in the centerplane of aft part of bottom (5), and aft part (5) has lateral keels (10) and executed in modified tunnel tramaran form with side sloping surfaces and with a central hydroskis (12), with the corner of deadrise 0-15°, thus lateral keels (10) are unbended downward to the aft part (5) in relation to the keel of central hydroskis (1 1) of aft part (5) on the corner of W2 = 1-3° (see Fig. 5). The walls of transversal step (3) have a variable sweepforward corner and transversal ductings (12) which broaden to the sides, thus the height of transversal step (3) makes a 0,06-0,075 of the bottom width, and in the vertical wall (13) of central part of bearing surfaces (8) of the transversal step (3) openings of the air ductings (14) are located, and transom protruding parts (15) is executed in aft part (5) of the bottom (see Fig. 1).

Geometrical proportions of bottom form, namely the form of transversal step (3) (see Fig. 2) is determined as the central part of bearing surfaces (8) of transversal step (3) is perpendicular to longitudinal axis and is not arrow- shaped (has a small corner of sweepforward to 15°), for realization of maximal hydrodynamic quality. Lateral walls of transversal step (3) have a variable sweepforward corner which considerably reduces resistance of step on the water tonnage and transitional mode (an equaplaning approach) and increases intensity of the vortical air mixing from the water surface after transversal step (3) (see Fig. 1). Variable crossing along the axuis of transversal tunnels (tunnel configuration (7)) which broaden to the sides, that improves the ventilation condition of transversal step (3). Openings of the air ductings which give an air injection under aft bottom part (5) are located in the vertical wall of central part of bearing surfaces (8) of transversal step (3).

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The invention is realized as follows. Sweepforward spoilers (6) in nose bottom part (4), executed by screwing of the bottom inward between longitudinal bottom steps (2) (see Fig. 1), form air cavities which strengthen the air injection along longitudinal steps (2) and serve for prevention of «burying» (deep immersion) of nose part (4) in a interdigitally lateral wave and increase of boat seaworthiness. Longitudinal steps of nose bottom part (4) (before transversal step (3)) is executed with the considerable increase of height of lateral wall (hi - h2) (in 1,5-2 times from generally accepted), that at deadrise angle diminishing (from 21- 26° to 12-14°) allows to increase planing ability of bearing bottom areas (8) (on 25-30%), keeping here the large middle deadrise angle vl and smoothness of boat wave passing (See Fig.3). The bottom is executed being longitudinal V-shaped, corner of Wl (See Fig. 3 and Fig.5), as centerplane batoks lines, which describe the bearing surface of nose part (4), before transversal step (3), located with the corner of Wl = 2-5° to the batoks lines in the centerplane of aft bottom part (5) (see Fig.4). Aft bottom part (5) during motion gets from step onto the hump of wave on low speeds.

Aft bottom part (5) is executed in form of modified tunnel trimaran with side sloping surfaces, with a central hydroskis (11) with the deadrise angle of vl= 10-15°. The lateral keels of aft part (5) are unbended downward to the aft in relation to the keel of central hydroskis (11) of aft part (5) (See Fig. 5) with the corner of W2 = 1-3°. Thus, at high-rate of ship motion they create the basic bearing force, and the surface of central hydroskis (11) is located parallel and higher than level of water surface. That aft part (5) on high-rate obtains properties of catamaran - hydrodynamic resistance goes down. Transom protruding parts (15) is executed in aft part (5).

The distinctive features of the invention are also follows: - high manoeuvrability of ship (radius of turn no more lengths of ship);

- high lateral stability on cornering;

- high seaworthiness - to 6 marks;

- water resistance - high speed - to 60 hitches at energy equipping (power-to-mass ratio) of 0,17 fractional horsepower per kilogram ; - the high longitudinal ship equilibration - is absence of «porpoising»;

- high comfort - the dynamic loadings on a boat during waves passing are negligible.

Thus, the invention clamed allows increasing of hydrodynamic quality of planing boat at all range of speeds, and also increasing of air supply efficiency to the bottom.

Claims

1. Planing boat bottom which comprises keel, lower and overhead longitudinal steps, reverse arrow-shaped transversal step which divides a bottom on keeled nose and aft parts, three rows of spoilers in nose part of bottom. In accordance with the invention, keeled aft part is executed with tunnel configuration, and transversal step has variable sweepforward, and the central part of the bearing surface of nose part is executed in the transversal vertical crossing in form of "swallow's wing", meanwhile the spoilers in nose part of bottom are executed with sweepforward by pressuring of the bottom inside between longitudinal steps, and the keel of body is longitudinally V- shaped.

2. Planing boat bottom according to claim 1 wherein central part of bearing surfaces of the transversal step has the small corner of sweepforward up to 15° unbended towards the aft part with the increase of corner of attack on 1,5-3° in relation to the lateral bearings surfaces of transversal step, thus lines of buttock in a centerplane, which describe central part of bearing surface of nose part, before transversal step, are located under the corner of Wl = 2-5° to the lines of buttocks in the centerplane of aft part of bottom, and aft part has lateral keels and executed in form of modified tunnel trimaran with side sloping surfaces and with a central hydroskis, with the corner of deadrise 0- 15°, meanwhile lateral keels are unbended for a step to aft part downward in relation to the keel of central hydroskis of aft part on the corner of W2 = 1-3°.

3. Planing boat bottom according to claim 1 and 2 wherein the transversal step walls have a variable corner of sweepforward and transversal ductings which broaden to the sides, meanwhile the height of transversal step is 0,06- 0,075 of width of bottom, and openings of the air ductings are located in the vertical wall of central part of transversal step, and transom protruding parts is executed in aft part of bottom.