WO2010140062A1 - Procédé et système de création de filigrane - Google Patents

Procédé et système de création de filigrane Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010140062A1
WO2010140062A1 PCT/IB2010/001645 IB2010001645W WO2010140062A1 WO 2010140062 A1 WO2010140062 A1 WO 2010140062A1 IB 2010001645 W IB2010001645 W IB 2010001645W WO 2010140062 A1 WO2010140062 A1 WO 2010140062A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
watermark
frames
media content
embedding
static region
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2010/001645
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Shiguo Lian
Zhongxuan Liu
Yuan Dong
Original Assignee
France Telecom
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by France Telecom filed Critical France Telecom
Publication of WO2010140062A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010140062A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T1/00—General purpose image data processing
    • G06T1/0021—Image watermarking
    • G06T1/0085—Time domain based watermarking, e.g. watermarks spread over several images
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2201/00—General purpose image data processing
    • G06T2201/005—Image watermarking
    • G06T2201/0051—Embedding of the watermark in the spatial domain
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2201/00—General purpose image data processing
    • G06T2201/005—Image watermarking
    • G06T2201/0061—Embedding of the watermark in each block of the image, e.g. segmented watermarking
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2201/00—General purpose image data processing
    • G06T2201/005—Image watermarking
    • G06T2201/0083—Image watermarking whereby only watermarked image required at decoder, e.g. source-based, blind, oblivious

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to digital right management and more specifically to watermarking.
  • Digital right management is often essential when distributing media content, such as for example videos or any digital data.
  • An authorized user i.e. who is allowed to use a given media content
  • Using watermarking technology to embed a code corresponding to the user (i.e. a user code) into the media content before distribution is a common solution.
  • the difficulty is to make the embedded user code not only easy to detect but also able to survive operations such as recompression, adding noise, A/D (Analogical to Digital) or D/A (Digital to Analogical) conversion, rotation, shearing, translation, etc...
  • High-pass filtering proposes to embed a watermark into each frame of a video by increasing the pixel value in one part and decreasing the pixel value in another part. This method is time efficient, but cannot survive operations such as rotation, adding noise, etc.
  • the invention proposes a method for a method for embedding into a media content a watermark associated with a user, said media content comprising frames, said method comprising the acts of:
  • the invention also proposes a watermark embedding device according to claim 5.
  • the invention also proposes a readable computer program according to claim 8.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates devices according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 schematically illustrates the method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 schematically illustrates a process of static region detection according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 4 schematically illustrates a process of watermark generation according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 5 schematically illustrates a process of watermark embedding according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 6 schematically illustrates the method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 7 schematically illustrates a process of watermark extraction according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 8 schematically illustrates a process of watermark extraction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • routers, servers, nodes, gateways or other entities in a telecommunication network are not detailed as their implementation is beyond the scope of the present system and method.
  • FIG. 1 describes the system according to the invention.
  • the system according to the invention comprises a Watermark Embedding Unit 100.
  • the Watermark Embedding Unit 100 allows embedding a watermark W in a media content using the method according to the invention described here under referring to Figure 2.
  • Watermark Embedding Unit 100 may be for example implemented on a server of a communication network or on a user's computer.
  • the optional Watermark Extraction Unit 110 allows extracting watermark W that corresponds to a user code in order to identity the associated user.
  • Watermark Extraction Unit 110 may be implemented on a server in a communication network in order for (or on behalf of) the digital right owner to identify a user corresponding to a given watermarked media content. More generally, the watermark extraction unit 110 may be operable to:
  • Figure 2 describes the method according to the invention performed by the Watermark Embedding Unit 100 referring to Figure 1.
  • a (displayable) watermark W 210 is embedded into a media content 200.
  • the media content 200 comprises frames.
  • k may be variable. In other words, a given watermark W 210 may be parted into a different number of parts.
  • a static region is defined as being a region or area of pixels in a frame that remains the same from one frame to another. In others words, that is a region wherein the image does not change from one frame to another. Some slight changes in pixels (e.g. slight color change) are allowed, but the same region of the k frames ought to be static e.g. for the human eye.
  • An example of static region may be the fixed background of a series of images.
  • the k detected frames may be consecutive or not.
  • an optional act 230 allows parting or dividing the watermark W 210 into k components.
  • the number of components of the watermark W 210 may be preliminarily set up or fixed or adapted to the number of detected frames (in act 220) each time the method according to the invention is performed.
  • watermark W 210 may be embedded several times in the media content 200.
  • the method according to the invention may be repeated on groups of frames of the media content 200 which are selected based upon the detection act 220.
  • the method according to the invention allows detecting the frames with a common static region (consecutive or not). Then, depending on the number of detected frames, watermark W 210 is divided into the same number of components, each of which being further embedded in the common static region of one of the detected frames.
  • the number of components of watermark W 210 may be fixed (for example p) and the detection act 220 of the method according to the invention allows thus detecting p frames with a common static region in order to further embed each component respectively within the static region of one of the frames.
  • the media content may be partitioned in m groups of frames, then the method according to the invention may be performed within each group of frame separately / independently either with a fixed number of watermark components (p components) or with a variable number of watermark components (k, that may vary from one group of frames to another). Such a partition may prove to improve the watermark detection or extraction as the method according to the invention is performed on a fewer number of frames (i.e. in each group of frames independently).
  • R is a set of pixels that comprises the pixels that are identical in each of the n frames F 0 , F 1 , ..., F n ⁇ .
  • a static region X 330 may be selected (i.e. X is either R or a sub-set of R) according to the size or nature of the watermark W as the most suitable region for embedding said watermark W 210.
  • X may be, for example, a static corner or side of the frames that is less important than the centre of the image/frame. X should not be smaller than the components of W in size to allow embedding a component of W in each static region of each frame.
  • Acts 310 and 320 may be grouped in the same act in the sense that a static region X may directly be detected and/or selected without preliminary determining a fixed R.
  • FIG. 4 describes an illustrative embodiment of watermark
  • the user code C may be used in act 410 to generate a binary image P of size A*B and which contains the user code C according to, for example, the following condition:
  • each component W of watermark W 210 is generated according to the following two steps:
  • - generating, in act 420, a random watermark component W a random watermark component W .
  • a random sequence ranging in [-L, L] (L>0) is produced using key K as a random seed to obtain W , wherein K ⁇ K (i ⁇ j) and W is independent from W ;
  • - shaping, in act 430, the watermark image, or displayable watermark, as W W *P where * is the multiplication operation between the binary image P and the random watermark component.
  • FIG. 5 describes an illustrative embodiment of watermark W 200 embedding according to the present invention
  • the embedding strength is a coefficient that makes the watermark more or less perceptible.
  • the embedding strength may be fixed or adaptive, (i.e. it may vary depending on, for example, the nature of the static region X or in order to adapt to the perception of the human eye etc.).
  • Figure 6 describes an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, wherein the media content 200 is a video V, which is divided or partitioned and wherein the number of components of the watermark W 210 is fixed (and equal to n).
  • the video comprises frames.
  • the original video V 600 is first partly or totally partitioned or divided into m groups of p frames in act 610.
  • the video V 600 is not necessarily integrally partitioned or divided. In other words, the whole video may comprise more than (m x p) frames.
  • a common static region X is detected in act 620 from the frame group F (that corresponds to Figure 3 and to the act 220 of the method according to the invention referring to Figure 2).
  • act 650 the watermark W 210, generated in act 640 as described referring to Figure 4 from user code C 630 as described here above referring to Figure 4 is embedded into the static region X with the embedding method E described here under referring to Figure 5 to obtain a resulting watermarked video V 660.
  • Acts 620 to 650 needs to be performed at least to one group of frames in order to embed at least one watermark W 210 into the video V.
  • Acts 620 to 650 may also be performed to several or all the groups of frames in order to embed a plurality of watermark. This ensures the media content to be regularly and homogeneously watermarked to prevent cuts and extraction that would leave the authorized user of the media content unidentifiable.
  • FIG 7 describes an illustrative embodiment of watermark extraction process for identifying the corresponding user code according to the present invention.
  • the watermark extraction process is performed by the watermark extraction unit 110 referring to Figure 1.
  • the watermark extraction process is performed on a watermarked video V 700 wherein a watermark has been previously embedded using the method according to the invention and in reference to Figure 6.
  • video V 700 is partitioned into m groups of frames
  • each group of frames F is processed in act 720 by a frame operation O that produces an operated frame as described here under referring to Figure 8.
  • Said operated frame allows extracting the embedded watermark in act 730.
  • a watermark index I 740 may allow comparing the user code with the user codes stored in the user code database 750, the authorized user may be detected.
  • the user code may also be searched directly (manually or automatically) in the user code database 750.
  • the determination of the user code further allows, for example, identifying a user 760 who would have illegally shared or distributed a media content watermarked with his user code.
  • Figure 8 describes an illustrative embodiment of frame operation according to the present invention.
  • the watermarked region may be defined as:
  • Z is the noise caused by recompression, camera capturing, etc.
  • S(n) ranges in [- ⁇ nL, ⁇ nL]. with ⁇ n> l , S(n) may be easily seen by human eyes, and may also be easily detected using for example high-pass filtering followed with digit recognition, both methods being known from the person skilled in the art.
  • the fixed region R" and/or the operated watermark static region X 0 " may be detected by the background detection. Then, the watermark region X Q " may be converted into a binary-region T according to the following operation:
  • the customer code may be identified by human eyes or using an existing algorithm.
  • the watermark extraction process is illustrated here above using a partitioning of m groups of frames. This does not limit the scope of the present as, more generally, a single group of frames with a common static region may be used to embed watermark W 210. And, as previously explained, the number of frames in a group may depend on the number of components of watermark W 210 or, contrariwise, the number of components of the watermark 210 may be determined by the number of frames having a given common static region.
  • Watermark embedding may be performed for instance by a emitting device.
  • the watermarked media content may then be send to a receiving device through a communication network.
  • the media content may also be sent through a communication network to a receiving device.
  • the receiving device may then perform the watermark embedding.
  • the watermark extraction may be performed on a computer or a server in a communication network.
  • a database for storing user codes allowing identification of media content authorized user may be used.
  • the computer or server may comprise means for accessing the database in order to further compare the user code from the extracted watermark with the stored user codes for identifying the user corresponding to the media content.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé d'intégration dans un contenu multimédia d'un filigrane correspondant à un code d'utilisateur associé à un utilisateur, ledit contenu multimédia comprenant des trames, ledit procédé comprenant les actions de détection d'une région statique dans un groupe de k trames du contenu multimédia, et d'intégration d'un composant différent du filigrane dans la région statique détectée de chacune des k trames respectives, ladite intégration permettant en outre l'affichage du filigrane correspondant à un code d'utilisateur lors de la superposition des k trames.
PCT/IB2010/001645 2009-05-31 2010-05-25 Procédé et système de création de filigrane WO2010140062A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNPCT/CN2009/072044 2009-05-31
CN2009072044 2009-05-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010140062A1 true WO2010140062A1 (fr) 2010-12-09

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107911641A (zh) * 2017-10-27 2018-04-13 北京达佳互联信息技术有限公司 视频水印生成方法、装置及终端

Citations (3)

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US20020027612A1 (en) * 2000-09-07 2002-03-07 Brill Michael H. Spatio-temporal channel for images
US20050259820A1 (en) * 2004-05-24 2005-11-24 Eastman Kodak Company Temporally distributed watermarking for image sequences
US20060286489A1 (en) * 2005-06-17 2006-12-21 Thomson Licensing System and method for adaptive marking and coding of film prints

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020027612A1 (en) * 2000-09-07 2002-03-07 Brill Michael H. Spatio-temporal channel for images
US20050259820A1 (en) * 2004-05-24 2005-11-24 Eastman Kodak Company Temporally distributed watermarking for image sequences
US20060286489A1 (en) * 2005-06-17 2006-12-21 Thomson Licensing System and method for adaptive marking and coding of film prints

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
LECUN Y.; JACKEL L.D.; BOSER B. ET AL.: "Handwritten digit recognition: applications of neural network chips and automatic learning", IEEE COMMUNICATIONS MAGAZINE, vol. 27, no. 11, November 1989 (1989-11-01), pages 41 - 46

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107911641A (zh) * 2017-10-27 2018-04-13 北京达佳互联信息技术有限公司 视频水印生成方法、装置及终端

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