WO2010133040A1 - 一种用户设备及其接入方法 - Google Patents
一种用户设备及其接入方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010133040A1 WO2010133040A1 PCT/CN2009/071935 CN2009071935W WO2010133040A1 WO 2010133040 A1 WO2010133040 A1 WO 2010133040A1 CN 2009071935 W CN2009071935 W CN 2009071935W WO 2010133040 A1 WO2010133040 A1 WO 2010133040A1
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- access point
- access
- accessible
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- points
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002059 L-arginyl group Chemical group O=C([*])[C@](N([H])[H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N([H])C(=N[H])N([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000001530 Raman microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010267 cellular communication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/20—Selecting an access point
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
- H04W36/32—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by location or mobility data, e.g. speed data
- H04W36/324—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by location or mobility data, e.g. speed data by mobility data, e.g. speed data
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/005—Moving wireless networks
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of wireless network communications, and in particular, to a user equipment and an access method thereof. Background technique
- the coverage of the base station is generally 2 to 5 km. If only relying on the line of sight path (L0S) transmission, due to the presence of tall buildings, the shadow fading of the channel will be very obvious, and the quality and speed of the signal will be reduce.
- L0S line of sight path
- a relay station is installed, and a high-speed, low-fading information channel is established between the mobile station and the base station, and the communication quality is greatly improved.
- a relay station installed in a building or a street is called a fixed relay station.
- a mobile relay station is a relay station that is placed on a mobile carrier such as a vehicle.
- a relay node is installed on the vehicle.
- the user equipment UE
- FIG. 1 is a system structural diagram of a mobile relay station in the prior art.
- the cellular system in the above prior art uses a hysteresis plus margin method for switching.
- E PCCPCH N ⁇ is the signal strength of the target cell basic common control channel (PCCPCH) measured by the UE
- court g is the signal strength of the current serving cell PCCPCH measured by the UE.
- M is the switching margin.
- the inventors of the present invention have found that the prior art has at least the following problems.
- the above prior art is proposed for a conventional cellular network, and a mobile relay station (MRS) is likely to cause a group of UEs to access from a stationary to mobile process. Relative movement, then you need to start switching in time, but it is late because of this time. The hysteresis effect may cause a group of UEs to fail to complete the handover in time.
- MRS mobile relay station
- the embodiment of the invention provides a user equipment and an access method thereof, which can enable the user equipment to switch between a mobile access point and a fixed access point in time.
- An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for accessing a user equipment, where the method includes: calculating a relative speed of a UE and all accessible points; and selecting an accessible point that is less than or equal to a threshold to perform access.
- the embodiment of the present invention further provides a user equipment, where the user equipment includes: a calculating unit, configured to calculate a relative speed access unit of the UE and all accessible points, and select the threshold equal to or less than Value access points are accessible.
- a calculating unit configured to calculate a relative speed access unit of the UE and all accessible points, and select the threshold equal to or less than Value access points are accessible.
- the user equipment is switched between the mobile access point and the fixed access point in time, and the access point is reasonably selected to optimize the utilization of the wireless resource and reduce the handover.
- FIG. 1 is a system structural diagram of a mobile relay station in the prior art
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for UE access according to the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a UE access method in a non-connected state according to the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for calculating a relative speed of a UE by using a GPS according to the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of an embodiment of a UE according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a structural diagram showing another embodiment of a UE according to the present invention. detailed description
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for UE access according to the present invention.
- Step 201 The UE calculates a relative speed of the UE and all accessible points.
- Step 202 Select an access point that is less than or equal to a threshold to perform access.
- the method further includes: receiving, by the UE, broadcast information of the access point, acquiring, from the broadcast information, an indication of whether to perform handover or access determination by using the method, and Or, the UE uses an indication of whether the method is used to perform handover and access determination by using the method preset on the UE, and the foregoing.
- the UE may perform access or handover according to the method of the present invention according to the representative indication.
- the broadcast information is transmitted only by the mobile accessible point, or only by the fixed accessible point, or by the mobile accessible point and the fixed accessible point.
- the accessible point acquires the average speed of the UE according to the coverage of the access point, where the average speed of the UE refers to the speed of the user walking.
- . , where, is the average speed of the UE, usually 1 ⁇ « ⁇ 2.
- calculating a relative speed of the UE and all accessible points includes: the UE measuring a Doppler shift of the signal transmitted by all the accessible points, and obtaining the therefrom.
- the UE calculates the relative speed by using the speed information collected by the UE's Global Positioning System (GPS) GPS and the position information speed information collected by the Global Positioning System (GPS) of the accessible point.
- GPS Global Positioning System
- the step 202 further includes: if the UE and the plurality of accessible points are respectively less than or equal to a threshold, the UE is available in the multiple Enter Select one of the points with the strongest signal strength for access.
- the step 202 further includes: if the UE and the all accessible points are greater than a threshold, the UE selects the smallest accessible point. Access is made.
- the step 202 further includes: if the UE is in a connected state with a certain service access point and is greater than a threshold value of the serving access point in the connected state And the UE switches from the serving access point in the connected state to the neighboring accessible point that is less than or equal to the threshold.
- the method when the UE is switched from the serving access point to the neighboring accessible point UE with the Vr being less than or equal to the threshold, the method further includes: if the UE is separately adjacent to multiple When the access point is less than or equal to the threshold, the UE selects an access point with the highest signal strength among the neighboring access points to perform handover; if the UE is associated with all accessible points respectively When the threshold is greater than the threshold, the UE performs handover by using a hysteresis plus margin method to prevent ping-pong switching.
- the method further includes: when the access point that is less than or equal to the threshold is selected for access, the method further includes: if the UE is in a connected state with the serving access point And when the UE and the serving access point are less than or equal to the threshold, the UE performs handover by using a hysteresis plus margin to prevent ping-pong switching.
- the access between the UE and the access point may be performed according to the relative speed between the UE and the access point, and the terminal of the ground cuts out the mobile access point in time when the access point starts to move, and the vehicle is in time
- the terminal cuts into the mobile access point in time; ensures that the ground terminal does not access the moving access point as much as possible, and the terminal on the vehicle does not access the fixed access point on the ground or other mobile access points as far as possible;
- the area is like a station.
- the base station and the relay station These are collectively referred to as access points (APs).
- Mobile access points are typically located on mobile vehicles, such as high-speed trains, etc. Fixed access points are located on vehicles that are not moving or on fixed buildings. In the embodiment of the present invention, an access point whose received signal strength meets the UE access requirement is referred to as an accessible point, and an access point that is providing a service to the UE is referred to as a service access point, except for the service access point. The remaining accessible points for the UE are referred to as neighboring access points.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a UE access method in a non-connected state according to the present invention.
- Step 301 When the UE is in the non-connected state, measure the signal strength of all accessible points and the relative speed of the UE and each accessible point.
- Step 302 The UE obtains state information of each tested access point according to the measurement result according to the table 1, and then places the access point into different sets according to the state information according to Table 2.
- the access priority corresponding to the status is shown in Table 2.
- Table 2 Collection of access points of different states and definitions of different access priorities
- the set of all access points in the & state is represented by 4, according to the definition of the access priority in the different states of the access point, in this example, it can be used as the selected access point for the UE to access for the first time.
- the collection is 4, 4.
- Step 303 When the UE needs to establish a connection with the network, the UE first determines whether the set 4 is empty according to the access priority of Table 2. If not, the process proceeds to step 304. If it is empty, the process proceeds to step 305.
- Step 304 Select an access point in the aggregate 4 with the highest signal strength for access.
- Step 305 The UE detects whether the set 4 is empty. If it is not empty, it proceeds to step 306. If it is empty, it proceeds to step 307.
- Step 306 selecting an access point with the lowest relative speed in the set 4 to perform access.
- Step 307 continue to measure to find an access point that is properly accessed.
- the following describes the UE handover decision method in the connected state.
- the UE When the UE detects that it is relatively moving with the service access point, it should select other access points that meet the access requirements and are relatively static (V r ⁇ V 0 ) as the target switching point as soon as possible, and perform fast switching.
- the strength margin and the measurement time satisfy the condition, as long as the target access point can meet the UE access requirement, and can be switched; in other cases, ⁇ , only when the measured target switches the signal strength of the access point and the service access point
- the signal strength is ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ at the time measured. Under conditions, where ⁇ . Is hysteresis, UE mining Switching is performed by hysteresis plus margin to prevent ping-pong switching.
- the access point with the highest signal strength is selected for switching among one or several eligible access points.
- /Ejr takes the values of 011 and 010, which is impossible. That is, when the signal strength of the tested access point cannot meet the UE access requirements, the condition E rf > + Margin can be satisfied. of.
- the state of impossible existence is denoted by X, as shown in Table 3.
- the following is the process of fast switching:
- Priority 3 4 2 1 The highest priority value represents the highest priority. Therefore, when the value is 01 and multiple tested access points meet the requirements for the target switching access point, the value of /E rf /Ejr is first selected.
- the tested access point of 111 is used as the target switching access point. If there is no measured access point in the high priority state, the access points of 110, 101, 100 are sequentially selected as the target switching access point. When there are multiple access points with the same value of /E rf /Ejr, the one with the largest value is selected as the target switching access point.
- the UE selects the most suitable target switching access point according to the access priority defined in Table 5 below, where the priority is A representative with a large value has a high priority. If there are multiple tested neighboring access points satisfying the condition in the same state, the one with the largest value is selected as the target access point.
- the decision base speed should take into account the statistical average speed of the UE within the cell coverage.
- the value of this can be set as a reference, for example, the following formula:
- V 0 aV , where min ⁇ « ⁇ i3 ⁇ 4 max
- > « min can try to avoid too many unnecessary handovers in the terminal, mainly considering that the terminal can switch in time after the access point moves.
- the walking speed is 4 km/h
- the marching speed is 5 km/h
- the emergency march is 6 km/h, which is very low relative to the speed.
- V 0 6 km / h can be directly set, the access point will broadcast to the UE, or it can be set in the UE.
- the following is an embodiment of the method for calculating the relative speed between the UE and the access point by the Doppler shift method.
- the basic principle is as follows: that the Doppler shift of the access point is proportional to the relative speed. (1)
- the detection of Doppler shift is the content of classical signal detection technology. There are many detection methods related to specific signal characteristics, such as signal modulation mode, signal working frequency band, and propagation environment. How to detect can be found in the relevant literature for reference.
- the standards organization represented by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has written the GPS speed measurement function as one of the UE capabilities.
- the method by which the access point provides the GPS speed measurement function is similar to that of the terminal.
- the GPS-based speed measurement method has a large number of mature technologies, such as single-point speed measurement, differential speed measurement, position differential smooth speed measurement, etc., and the present invention is not limited thereto.
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing an embodiment of a method for calculating a relative speed of a UE using GPS according to the present invention. Including step 401, the GPS-enabled UE and the accessible point each use the received GPS signal to perform its own speed measurement.
- Step 402 The access point broadcasts information about whether the speed is changed/ ⁇ and the specific speed information to the UE according to the event triggering or the timing triggering manner.
- the access point can selectively broadcast its own measured acceleration information to the UE.
- Step 403 The UE receives the speed change information, the speed or the acceleration according to a rule set in advance with the access point.
- Step 405 If the UE obtains the acceleration information of the accessible point, the acceleration may be utilized.
- the relative speed of the future moment of information prediction v ue - ( ⁇ ⁇ + a ap At).
- step 402 the receiving speed changes information / ⁇ when the UE measures the accessible point for the first time. If the speed change information / ⁇ indicates a change, the terminal immediately receives the speed and acceleration information on the fast channel and then saves the information. Otherwise the terminal receives the speed P and acceleration information on the slow channel and saves the information.
- FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of an embodiment of a UE according to the present invention.
- the calculating unit 501 is configured to calculate a relative speed of the UE and all accessible points.
- the access unit 502 is configured to select the access point that is less than or equal to the threshold to perform access.
- the UE can select an access point with a suitable relative speed for access, thereby reducing the unsuccessful access in the mobile access point scenario.
- FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of another embodiment of a UE according to the present invention.
- a calculating unit 601 configured to calculate a relative speed of the UE and all accessible points
- the access unit 602 is configured to select the access point that is less than or equal to the threshold to perform access. Also included is a memory 603 for storing the predetermined settings.
- the calculating unit 601 measures a Doppler shift of the transmission signal of the access point, and obtains the f from it.
- a satellite positioning system (GPS) unit 604 is further included,
- the speed information of the UE is transmitted to the calculating unit 601, and the calculating unit 601 calculates the relative speed by using the speed information collected by the UE and the GPS unit of the access point.
- GPS satellite positioning system
- the access unit 602 when the UE and the access point are in a non-connected state, if the UE and the plurality of accessible points respectively are less than or equal to a threshold, the access unit 602 is One of the plurality of accessible points selects an access point with the highest signal strength for access.
- the access unit 602 selects the The smallest accessible point is accessible.
- the switching unit 605 is further included, and if the UE is in a connected state with the service access point, the switching unit 605 switches the UE.
- the switching unit 605 if the UE is in a connected state with a certain service access point and is greater than a threshold value of the serving access point in the connected state, The switching unit 605 switches from the serving access point in the connected state to the neighboring accessible point that is less than or equal to the threshold.
- the access unit 602 selects a signal among the neighborable access points.
- the most intensive access point is switched by the switching unit 605. If the UE and the all access points are greater than the threshold, the switching unit 605 uses the hysteresis plus margin method. Switch.
- the switching unit 605 uses a hysteresis plus margin method. Switch.
- a train stops and is ready to be opened after 10 minutes.
- the UE on the car may have selected AP 2, and the UE on the station may select the API.
- the UE accessing the API on the platform will quickly detect the relative speed of the API > 5 km / h, then immediately start the handover and switch from API to AP2.
- the UE accessing the AP2 in the train will soon detect the relative speed of AP2 > 5 km / h, then immediately initiate the handover, and switch from AP2 to AP1.
- a train T1 is waiting on the platform, and another train ⁇ 2 passes by in the waiting process.
- UE1 When the train T2 drives over the station, one UE1 on the train T2 is about to initiate the access. UE1 may detect that the API in the vehicle and the signal strength of the AP2 on the station can meet the access requirements, but at the same time UE1 will detect If the relative speed with the API satisfies ⁇ 5 km/h, and the relative speed with AP2 is not satisfied, UE1 will choose to access AP1.
- UE2 may detect that the API in the car and the signal strength of AP2 on the station can meet the access requirements, but at the same time UE2 will detect that the relative speed with AP2 meets ⁇ 5 Km/h, and the relative speed with the API is not satisfied, then UE2 will choose to access AP2.
- the UEs after a large number of UEs are accessed, the UEs cannot be cut out in time after the mobile access point moves from the stationary state, and the UE that has accessed the ground access point in the vehicle cannot be timely. Cut into the problem.
- the ground UE can be prevented from accessing the mobile access point on the vehicle passing by.
- An advantageous effect of the embodiment of the present invention is that the access between the UE and the access point can be performed according to the relative speed between the UE and the access point, and the terminal on the ground in time when the MRS starts to move, the MRS is cut out in time.
- the terminal on the vehicle cuts into the MRS in time; ensures that the ground terminal does not access the moving MRS as much as possible, and the terminal on the vehicle does not access the fixed base station on the ground or other MRSs as far as possible; in the user-intensive area such as the station, when all When the access node does not move, it should be ensured that the user terminal avoids ping-pong switching as much as possible.
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Description
一种用户设备及其接入方法 技术领域 本发明涉及无线网络通信领域, 具体涉及一种用户设备及其接入方法。 背景技术
在传统的蜂窝通信系统中, 基站的覆盖范围一般为 2至 5 km, 如果仅仅 依靠视距路径 (L0S)传输, 由于存在高大建筑物,信道的阴影衰落会非常明显, 信号的质量和速率都会降低。 在现有技术中安装了中继站, 在移动台与基站 之间建立了一条速率高、 衰落小的信息通道, 通信质量会得到非常大的提升。 这种安装于建筑物或者街道上的中继站称之为固定中继站。
移动中继站 (MRS )是安放在诸如交通工具等可移动载体上的中继站。 在 交通工具上安装一个中继节点, 当用户位于交通工具上时, 用户设备 (UE) 通过这个中继站点与地面基站建立连接, 能够解决交通工具内部覆盖问题, 减少终端能量消耗。 这种中继站就称为移动中继站 (MRS ) 。 如图 1所示为现 有技术中移动中继站的系统结构图。
在上述现有技术中的蜂窝系统采用迟滞加余量的方法进行切换。
E PCCPCH _ Ncell - ^ PCCPCH _ Serving 〉 ^ arS Z"
其中 EPCCPCH N ^为 UE测量的目标小区基本公共控制信道 (PCCPCH) 的信 号强度, EPc;m;ii— &„;„g为 UE测量的当前服务小区 PCCPCH的信号强度。 M 为 切换余量。
EPCCPCH NceU > E:pccPCH—Serving + Marg in的时间 T大于门限值 TO (迟滞) 时才 就进行切换, 将 UE从服务小区切换到目标小区。
本发明的发明人发现现有技术至少存在以下问题, 上述现有技术是针对 传统蜂窝网提出的, 移动中继站 (MRS ) 从静止到移动的过程中很可能导致一 群接入到其上的 UE发生相对移动, 这时需要及时启动切换, 但此时却因为迟
滞效应可能导致一群 UE不能及时完成切换,
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种用户设备及其接入方法, 该方法能够使用户设备 在移动接入点和固定接入点之间及时切换。
本发明实施例提供了一种用户设备接入的方法, 该方法包括: 计算 UE 与所有可接入点的相对速度 ; 选择所述 小于等于门限值 的可接入点进 行接入。
本发明实施例还提供了一种用户设备, 其特征在于该用户设备包括: 计算单元, 用于计算该 UE与所有可接入点的相对速度 接入单元, 用 于选择所述 小于等于门限值 的可接入点进行接入。
本发明的实施例, 实现了用户设备在移动接入点和固定接入点之间及时 切换, 通过合理选择接入点以优化无线资源利用率并减少切换。 附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解, 构成本申请的一部 分, 并不构成对本发明的限定。 在附图中:
图 1所示为现有技术中移动中继站的系统结构图;
图 2所示为本发明一种 UE接入的方法的实施例流程图;
图 3所示为本发明处于非连接状态 UE接入方法实施例流程图;
图 4所示为本发明 UE利用 GPS进行相对速度计算的方法实施例流程图; 图 5所示为本发明一种 UE的实施例结构图;
图 6所示为本发明一种 UE的另一实施例结构图。 具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚明白, 下面结合实施方式
和附图, 对本发明做进一步详细说明。 在此, 本发明的示意性实施方式及其 说明用于解释本发明, 但并不作为对本发明的限定。
本发明实施例提供一种用户设备及其接入方法。 以下结合附图对本发明 进行详细说明。
如图 2所示为本发明一种 UE接入的方法的实施例流程图。
步骤 201, UE计算该 UE与所有可接入点的相对速度 。
步骤 202, 选择所述 小于等于门限值 的可接入点进行接入。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 所述步骤 201之前还包括, 所述 UE接收所述 接入点的广播信息, 从所述广播信息中获取是否采用本方法进行切换或接入 判决的指示, 以及所述 , 或者所述 UE使用存储于该 UE上预先设定的是否 采用本方法进行切换和接入判决的指示, 以及所述 。 其中作为优选的可以 根据 代表指示 UE适用本发明方法进行接入或者切换。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 所述广播信息仅由移动可接入点发送, 或者 仅由固定可接入点发送, 或者由移动可接入点和固定可接入点发送。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 所述可接入点根据该接入点覆盖范围内 UE的 平均速度获取所述 , 其中 UE的平均速度指的是用户步行的速度。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 。= , 其中, 为 UE平均速度, 通常取 1 < « < 2。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 计算该 UE与所有的可接入点的相对速度 包 括,所述 UE测量所述所有可接入点发送信号的多普勒频移,从中获取所述 。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 所述 UE利用该 UE的全球卫星定位系统 GPS 采集的速度信息和所述可接入点的全球卫星定位系统 GPS采集的位置信息速 度信息计算所述相对速度 。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 在所述步骤 202中还包括, 如果所述 UE分别 与多个可接入点的所述 都小于等于门限值 时, 所述 UE在所述多个可接入
点中选择一个信号强度最大的接入点进行接入。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 在所述步骤 202中还包括, 如果所述 UE分别 与所有可接入点的所述 都大于门限值 时, 所述 UE选择所述 最小的可接 入点进行接入。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 在所述步骤 202中还包括, 如果所述 UE与某 个服务接入点处于连接状态并且与该处于连接状态的服务接入点的所述 大 于门限值 时, 则该 UE从所述处于连接状态的服务接入点切换到所述 小于 等于门限值 的邻近可接入点。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 所述 UE从所述服务接入点切换到所述 Vr小于 等于门限值 的邻近可接入点 UE时还包括, 如果所述 UE分别与多个邻近可 接入点的所述 都小于等于门限值 时, 所述 UE在所述邻近可接入点中选择 一个信号强度最大的接入点进行切换; 如果所述 UE分别与所有可接入点的所 述 都大于门限值 时, 所述 UE采用迟滞加余量的方法进行切换, 以以防止 乒乓切换。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 在所述步骤 202 中还包括, 在选择所述 小 于等于门限值 的可接入点进行接入时还包括, 如果所述 UE与服务接入点处 于连接状态并且所述 UE与服务接入点的 小于等于门限值 时, 所述 UE采 用迟滞加余量的方法进行切换, 以防止乒乓切换。 通过上述实施例, 可以根据 UE与接入点之间的相对速度进行 UE与接入 点之间的接入, 接入点开始移动时地面的终端及时切出移动接入点, 而车上 的终端及时切入移动接入点; 保证地面终端尽量不接入正在移动的接入点, 而移动时车上的终端尽量不接入地面的固定接入点或旁边其它移动接入点; 在用户密集的区域如站台, 当服务接入点与终端没有发生相对移动时可以尽 量的保证用户终端避免乒乓切换。 其中, 在本发明实施例中将基站, 中继站
等统称为接入点 (access point , AP) 。 移动接入点通常位于移动的交通工 具上, 例如高速火车等; 固定接入点位于不移动的交通工具或者固定建筑物 上。 在本发明实施例中, 将接收信号强度满足 UE接入要求的接入点称为可接 入点, 正在为 UE提供服务的接入点称为服务接入点, 除了所述服务接入点外 对该 UE来说其余的可接入点称为邻近接入点。 如图 3所示为本发明处于非连接状态 UE接入方法实施例流程图。
步骤 301, 当 UE处于非连接态时, 测量所有可接入点的信号强度和该 UE与 每个可接入点的相对速度。
步骤 302, UE根据测量结果依据表 1得到每个被测接入点的状态信息, 再 根据该状态信息依据表 2将接入点放入不同的集合中。
假设用逻辑变量/ E表示被测接入点的信号强度是否能满足 UE接入需求, /E = l表示能满足, 即可接入点, /E = 0表示不能满足;
假设用逻辑变量 表示 UE与被测接入点的相对速度 满足条件 ≤ , / = 1表示能满足, / = 0表示不能满足;
表 1 : 被测试接入点的状态
为了方便 UE选择合适的接入点, 可将被测接入点按照状态分为不同的接 入优先级, 用变量 P表示。假设 P的值越大表示接入优先级越大, SPUE优先选
择 P值大的接入点接入。 P = 0表示不能接入, 状态所对应的接入优先级如表 2 所示。
表 2不同状态接入点所属集合以及不同接入优先级定义
将处于不同状态下的接入点置于不同集合 。
步骤 303, 当 UE需要与网络建立连接时, 根据表 2的接入优先级定义 UE首 先检测集合 4是否为空, 如果不为空则进入步骤 304, 如果为空则进入步骤 305。
步骤 304, 选择集合 4中信号强度最大的接入点进行接入。
步骤 305, UE检测集合 4是否为空, 如果不为空则进入步骤 306, 如果为 空则进入步骤 307。
步骤 306, 选择集合 4中相对速度最小的接入点进行接入。
步骤 307, 继续测量以找到合适接入的接入点。 以下描述处于连接状态 UE切换判决方法。
当 UE检测到自己与服务接入点相对移动时应尽快选择邻近满足接入需求 并且相对静止 ( Vr≤V0 )的其他接入点作为目标切换点,进行快速切换, 此时不 用等待信号强度余量和测量时间满足条件, 只要目标接入点能满足 UE接入要 求即可切换; 而在其他情况下, ≤ 时, 只有当被测目标切换接入点的信号 强度和服务接入点的信号强度在被测时间 Γ≥Γ。条件下, 其中 Τ。是迟滞, UE采
用迟滞加余量的方式进行切换, 以防止乒乓切换, 例如, 满足 Ed >Es +Margi" 时才启动切换流程, 其中 Erf为目标切换接入点的信号强度, E为服务接入点 的信号强度, Marg/«为切换余量。 假设用逻辑变量 I 表示 UE与服务接入点的相对速度 Vr满足条件 < , =1表示能满足, =0表示不能满足;
假设用逻辑变量 / 表示 UE与邻近的被测接入点的相对速度 满足条件 vr<v0, /^ = 1表示能满足, /^ = 0表示不能满足;
假设用逻辑变量 表示被测邻近接入点的信号强度 Erf与服务接入点的 信号强度 是否能满足条件 ^^^+^^!^ , 如果满足则 / =1, 否则 / =0; 假设用逻辑变量 / 表示被测邻近接入点的信号强度是否能满足 UE接入条 件, 如果满足则 =1, 否则 =0;
假设用逻辑变量/ Γ表示被测邻近接入点的信号强度已在时长 Γ内满足 UE 接入要求并且 Γ满足条件 ≥7。 如果满足/ Γ = 1, 否则/ Γ = 0;
因此可以用以下逻辑函数 来表示是否需要切换, Fh =l 表示终端需要从服务接入点切换到被测接入点, FA=0表示不切换。 表 3给出 了函数 FA的表达式。
表 3切换判决函数 FA的表达式
Fh = IVS lVJEJEm Jf+ Ws IV EJE T + Ws lV Ed lEm IT + Ws lVdlEdlEm T Q) + Ws Wd IE EJT + IV VJEJE T + IVS lVd IEJEJT
基于逻辑函数 FA的卡诺图进行化简, 可得到 UE进行切换判决的逻辑函数 表达式:
Fh = IEJEJT + JVS lVJEd (2)
如果进行切换, 则在一个或者几个符合要求的接入点中选择信号强度最 大的接入点进行切换。 其中: /Ejr取值为 011和 010是不可能出现的状态, 即当被测接入点 的信号强度 ^不能满足 UE接入需求时却能满足条件 Erf > + Margin的状态是 不可能存在的。 对不可能存在状态用 X表示, 如表 3所示。 当被测接入点的信号强度根本不能满足 UE的接入要求时, 该被测接入点 就不会被选为切换的目标切换接入点, 即 /Erf =0, 此时终端不会切换到被测接 入点, 所以 =0, 如表 3中第一、 第二列所示。 以下为快速切换的过程:
当 UE与服务接入点的相对速度 不满足条件 ≤ , 即 /^ =0时, 如果有 被测接入点信号强度满足接入要求,并且与 UE的相对速度 满足条件^'≤ V0, 即此时 =1并且 /Erf =1时, 则 UE切换到该被测邻近接入点, 如表 3中第二行 的第 5至第 8列部分所示。 如果有多个被测接入点都满足此条件时, 则 UE按 照下表 4所定义的优先级选择最合适的目标切换接入点。
表 4: 取值为 01时, 接入点的状态对应接入优先级
110 111 101 100
优先级 3 4 2 1 其中优先级取值最大的代表最高优先级。 因此当 取值为 01并且有多 个被测接入点都满足作为目标切换接入点的要求时, 首先选择 /Erf/Ejr取值为
111的被测接入点作为目标切换接入点, 如果没有处于高优先级状态的被测接 入点, 则依次选择 110, 101, 100的接入点作为目标切换接入点。 当有多个 /Erf/Ejr取值相同的被测接入点, 则选择其中 取值最大的作为目标切换接入 点。
以下为 UE采用迟滞加余量的方式进行切换的过程:
在服务接入点相对于 UE都没有发生移动, 即相对速度 Vr满足条件 Vr≤ V0 时, 采用迟滞加余量的切换方式。 这种方式下只有在被测接入点与 UE相对速 度 也满足 的条件, 并且其信号强度在大于 7;的时间长度内高于当前 服务接入点信号强度达到 M arg /«表示的门限时, UE才考虑从当前服务接入点 切换到被测接入点, 这样可以较好避免乒乓切换。 这种情况即为当 = 1时, 只有 ¾ ^取值为 111时才进行切换。如表 3中第 6列第 3行和第 4行所示。如果 这种场景下有多个被测接入点都满足作为目标切换接入点的条件, 则 UE按照 下表 5所定义的接入优先级选择最合适的目标切换接入点, 其中优先级取值大 的代表优先级高。 如果在相同的状态下有多个被测邻近接入点满足条件, 则 选择其中 取值最大的作为目标接入点。
表 5: jEjr为 nil时, 接入点的状态对应接入优先级
0 1 优先级 1 2
当服务接入点和目标接入点与 UE的相对速度都不满足条件 < V0时, 说 明两个接入点相对都不稳定, 此时 UE切换考虑迟滞加余量的方法进行切换。 这就是表 3中 IVJVJEJEJT職为 00111的情况。 如果有多个被测接入点满足 条件, 则选择其中 Erf取值最大的作为目标切换接入点。 以下是接入点计算基准速度 的实施例。
判决基准速度 应考虑小区覆盖内 UE的统计平均速度 , 的取值可以 此为基准进行设定, 例如以下公式:
V0=aV , 其中 min<«<i¾max
其中, >«min可尽量避免终端发生太多不必要的切换, 主要是考 虑当接入点移动后终端能及时发生切换。
作为优选的实施例令《^=1, «max=2 即 1<«<2。
作为另一个实施例, 《可以固定给出, 也可动态调整, 比如当中午车站人 很多用户密集时 可取小一些, 而清晨用户较少时 可取大一些。
作为另一个实施例, 由于人的步行速度变化范围是很有限的, 通常一般 步行速度是 4公里每小时, 行军速度 5公里 /小时, 急行军 6公里 /小时, 这 个速度相对车速是非常低的。 对于火车高峰运输时刻, 可直接设定 V0 = 6公里 /小时,接入点将该 向 UE进行广播,或者实现在所述 UE中设定该 。 以下是本发明通过多普勒频移方法计算 UE与接入点之间的相对速度方法 的实施例。
基于当前成熟的多普勒频移检测方法, 其基本原理如下式说明, 即接入 点的多普勒频移与相对速度成正比。 (1)
因为光速 c和 /。对 UE来说是已知的, 因此检测出多普勒频移 , 就可以按 照下式计算出相对速度。
yr = ^†c (2) 多普勒频移的检测是经典的信号检测技术的内容, 检测方法很多, 与具 体的信号特点有关, 如信号的调制方式, 信号工作频段, 传播环境等, 如何 检测可参见相关文献进行参考。 以第三代合作伙伴计划 (3GPP) 为代表的标准组织, 已经将 GPS测速功能 作为了 UE能力之一写入了标准。 接入点提供 GPS测速功能的方法与终端类似。 这种基于 GPS测速的方法已有大量成熟技术, 如单点测速, 差分测速, 位置微 分平滑测速等都可以应用, 本发明在此不作限定。
如图 4所示为本发明 UE利用 GPS进行相对速度计算的方法实施例流程图。 包括步骤 401, 具有 GPS功能的 UE和可接入点各自利用接收的 GPS信号进行 自身测速。
步骤 402, 可接入点依据事件触发或定时触发方式向 UE广播自己的速度是 否改变的信息 /^^ 以及具体速度信息 。 另外可接入点可选择地向 UE广播 自己测量的加速度信息 。
步骤 403, UE按照与可接入点事先设定好的规则接收速度改变信息 , 速度 或加速度 5 。
步骤 404, UE根据本地所测 UE速度 和接收到的可接入点速度信息 计算 当前 UE与可接入点之间的相对速度 = vue -vap。
步骤 405, 如果 UE获得了可接入点的加速度信息 ^, 则可以利用加速度
信息预测 的未来时刻的相对速度 = vue - (νψ + aapAt)。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 在步骤 402 中, 令 ^^^ = 1表示速度改变, ivchange = 0表示速度没有改变, 只有当 = 1时, 接入点才在快速信道广播速 度和加速度信息。 可接入点还可以周期性地在慢速信道广播速度和加速度信 息, 不论此时 / ^^的取值。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 在步骤 402中, 当 UE第一次测量该可接入点时 接收速度是否改变信息 / ^。如果速度是否改变信息 / ^指示为改变,则终 端在快速信道上立刻接收速度 和加速度信息 然后保存所述信息。 否则终 端在慢速信道上接收速度 P和加速度信息 并保存所述信息。
当第一次接收后, 以后 UE 定期去接收速度改变信息 / ^^, 只有该信息 指示速度发生改变才重新在快速信道上接收新的速度和加速度信息。 如图 5所示为本发明一种 UE的实施例结构图。
计算单元 501, 用于计算该 UE与所有可接入点的相对速度 。
接入单元 502, 用于选择所述 小于等于门限值 的接入点进行接入。 通过以上实施例, UE可以选择相对速度合适的接入点进行接入, 从而减 少在移动接入点场景中的接入不成功情况。
如图 6所示为本发明一种 UE的另一实施例结构图。
在本实施例中包括:
计算单元 601, 用于计算该 UE与所有可接入点的相对速度
接入单元 602, 用于选择所述 小于等于门限值 的接入点进行接入。 还包括存储器 603, 用于存储预先设定的所述 。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 所述计算单元 601测量所述接入点发送信号 的多普勒频移, 从中获取所述 f 。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 还包括卫星定位系统 (GPS ) 单元 604, 用于
将所述 UE的速度信息传送给所述计算单元 601, 所述计算单元 601利用该 UE 和接入点的 GPS单元采集的速度信息计算所述相对速度 。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 在 UE和接入点处于非连接状态时, 如果所述 UE分别与多个可接入点的所述 都小于等于门限值 时, 所述接入单元 602 在所述多个可接入点中选择一个信号强度最大的接入点进行接入。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 在 UE和接入点处于非连接状态时, 如果所述 UE分别与所有可接入点的所述 都大于门限值 时, 所述接入单元 602选择 所述 最小的可接入点进行接入。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 还包括切换单元 605, 如果所述 UE与所述服 务接入点处于连接状态, 所述切换单元 605对所述 UE进行切换。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 所述切换单元 605, 如果所述 UE与某个服务 接入点处于连接状态并且与该处于连接状态的服务接入点的所述 大于门限 值 时,则该切换单元 605从所述处于连接状态的服务接入点切换到所述 小 于等于门限值 的邻近可接入点。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 如果所述 UE分别与多个邻近可接入点的所述 都小于等于门限值 时, 所述接入单元 602在所述邻近可接入点中选择一 个信号强度最大的接入点, 由所述切换单元 605进行切换; 如果所述 UE分别 与所有可接入点的所述 都大于门限值 时, 所述切换单元 605采用迟滞加 余量的方法进行切换。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 如果所述 UE与服务接入点处于连接状态并且 所述 UE与服务接入点的 小于等于门限值 时, 所述切换单元 605采用迟滞 加余量的方法进行切换。
作为本发明一个应用场景的实施例, 在火车站内, 一列火车停靠并准备 在 10分钟后开出, 站台上和车上都有人, 某些人会上车又下车再上车。 车上 有移动接入点 API , 站台上有固定接入点 AP2。
在火车开动之前, UE收到地面接入点和移动接入点发送的广播消息, 知 道当前需要采用速度辅助的切换判决标准, 并且 = 5公里 /小时, 则开始测量 API和 AP2。 因为当前两个接入点都没有移动, 所以 UE实际上就会采用传统 的基于信号强度判决方法选择接入 API , 还是 AP2。 车上的 UE可能选择了 AP 2, 站台上的 UE可能选择 API。
当火车启动后, 很快站台上接入到 API 的 UE会测到与 API 的相对速度 > 5公里 /小时, 则立刻启动切换, 从 API切换到 AP2。 另一方面火车内的接入 了 AP2的 UE很快就会测到与 AP2的相对速度 > 5公里 /小时,则立刻启动切换, 从 AP2切换到 AP1。
作为本发明另一个应用场景的实施例, 在火车站内, 站台上有人等一列 火车 Tl,在等待的过程中有另外一列火车 Τ2从旁边驶过。车上有移动接入点 API , 站台上有固定接入点 AP2。
当列车 T2驶过站台时, 列车 T2上的有一个 UE1正要发起接入, UE1可能 会检测到车内的 API和站台上的 AP2的信号强度都能满足接入需求, 但是同 时 UE1会检测与 API的相对速度满足 < 5公里 /小时, 而与 AP2的相对速度不 满足, 则 UE1会选择接入 AP1。
另外站台上的一个 UE2正要发起接入, UE2可能会检测到车内的 API和站 台上的 AP2的信号强度都能满足接入需求, 但是同时 UE2会检测到与 AP2的 相对速度满足 < 5公里 /小时, 而与 API的相对速度不满足, 则 UE2会选择接 入 AP2。
通过以上场景的实施例, 可以尽量避免对于有大量 UE接入后, 当移动接 入点从静止开始移动后, 这些 UE不能及时切出, 而车上已接入地面接入点的 UE不能及时切入的问题。另外可尽量避免地面 UE接入从旁边驶过的交通工具 上的移动接入点。
本发明的实施例的有益效果在于, 可以根据 UE与接入点之间的相对速度 进行 UE与接入点之间的接入, MRS开始移动时地面的终端及时切出 MRS, 而
车上的终端及时切入 MRS; 保证地面终端尽量不接入正在移动的 MRS, 而移动 时车上的终端尽量不接入地面的固定基站或旁边其它 MRS;在用户密集的区域 如站台, 当所有接入节点都不移动时, 此时应该保证用户终端尽量避免乒乓 切换。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解: 实现上述方法实施例的全部或部分步骤 可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成, 前述的程序可以存储于一计算机可读 取存储介质中, 该程序在执行时, 执行包括上述方法实施例的步骤, 而前述 的存储介质包括: R0M、 RAM, 磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述的具体实施方式, 对本发明的目的、 技术方案和有益效果进行 了进一步详细说明, 所应理解的是, 以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式而 已, 并不用于限定本发明的保护范围, 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内, 所做 的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims
1 . 一种用户设备 UE接入的方法, 其特征在于该方法包括: 计算 UE与所有可接入点的相对速度 Vr 选择所述 小于等于门限值 的可接入点进行接入。
2.根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 在计算 UE与所有可接入点 权
的相对速度 之前还包括, 所述 UE接收所述所有可接入点的广播信息, 从所 述广播信息中获取所述 , 或者在所述 UE上存储预先设定的所述 。
3.根据权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述广播信息由移动可接 入点发送, 或者由固定可接入点发送, 或者由移动可接入点和固定可接入点 共同发送。 书
4.根据权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述可接入点根据该接入 点覆盖范围内所有 UE的平均速度计算所述 。
5.根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 计算 UE与所有可接入点的 相对速度 包括, 所述 UE测量所述所有可接入点发送信号的多普勒频移, 从 中获取所述 。
6.根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 计算 UE与所有可接入点的 相对速度 包括, 所述 UE利用该 UE的全球卫星定位系统 GPS采集的速度信 息和所述可接入点的 GPS采集的速度信息计算所述相对速度 。
7. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 如果所述 UE分别与多个 可接入点的所述 都小于等于门限值 时, 所述 UE在所述多个可接入点中选 择一个信号强度最大的接入点进行接入。
8.根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 如果所述 UE分别与所有可 接入点的所述 都大于门限值 时, 所述 UE选择所述 Vr最小的可接入点进行 接入。
9.根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 如果所述 UE与服务接入点 处于连接状态并且与该服务接入点的所述 大于门限值 时, 则该 UE从所述 服务接入点切换到所述 Vr小于等于门限值 V0的邻近可接入点。
10.根据权利要求 9所述的方法, 其特征在于, 如果所述 UE分别与多个 邻近可接入点的所述 都小于等于门限值 时, 所述 UE在所述邻近可接入点 中选择一个信号强度最大的接入点进行切换; 如果所述 UE分别与所有可接入 点的所述 都大于门限值 时, 所述 UE采用迟滞加余量的方法进行切换。
11.根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 如果所述 UE与服务接入 点处于连接状态并且所述 UE与服务接入点的 小于等于门限值 时, 所述 U E采用迟滞加余量的方法进行切换。
12. 一种用户设备 UE, 其特征在于该用户设备包括:
计算单元, 用于计算该 UE与所有可接入点的相对速度 ;
接入单元, 用于选择所述 Vr小于等于门限值 的可接入点进行接入。
13.根据权利要求 12所述的 UE, 其特征在于, 还包括存储器, 用于存储 预先设定的所述 。
14.根据权利要求 12所述的 UE, 其特征在于, 还包括全球卫星定位系统 GPS单元, 用于将所述 UE的速度信息传送给所述计算单元, 所述计算单元具 体用于利用该 UE的速度信息和可接入点的速度信息, 计算所述相对速度 。
15.根据权利要求 12所述的 UE, 其特征在于, 还包括切换单元, 如果所 述 UE与服务接入点处于连接状态, 则用于对所述 UE进行切换。
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