WO2010129967A1 - Antenne à large bande 3g ou 4g à gain élevé - Google Patents

Antenne à large bande 3g ou 4g à gain élevé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010129967A1
WO2010129967A1 PCT/US2010/035407 US2010035407W WO2010129967A1 WO 2010129967 A1 WO2010129967 A1 WO 2010129967A1 US 2010035407 W US2010035407 W US 2010035407W WO 2010129967 A1 WO2010129967 A1 WO 2010129967A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cavity
halves
antenna
edge
antenna element
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2010/035407
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Sheng Peng
Original Assignee
Sheng Peng
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US12/419,213 external-priority patent/US8063841B2/en
Application filed by Sheng Peng filed Critical Sheng Peng
Publication of WO2010129967A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010129967A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/08—Radiating ends of two-conductor microwave transmission lines, e.g. of coaxial lines, of microstrip lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/064—Two dimensional planar arrays using horn or slot aerials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to broadband antennas for transmission and reception of radio frequency communications m arrays using multiple broadcast and reception streams. More particularly it relates to planar shaped antenna elements which are especially well adapted for cellular telephone communications and which are employable individually or using individual elements integrated into arrays
  • the formed elements of the array may be closely spaced yet broadcasted and received concurrently without the need for multiplexing.
  • the element and assembled array performs especially well in the 700Mhz, 900Mhz, 1710 Mhz, 1800Mhz, and 1900Mhz-2100Mhz frequency ranges
  • a unique flare angle change at a mid section of the formed aperture m each element enhances performance m the middle portion of the frequency bands.
  • cellular service providers Since the inception of cellular telephones, cellular service providers have had the task of installing a plurality of antenna sites over a geographic area to establish cells for communication with cellular telephones located in the cell From inception to the current mode of cellular broadcasting and reception, providers have each installed their own plurality of large external cellular antennas for such cell sites Generally, such antennas are or cable hookup is necessary to provide a television receiver with the required signal strength to provide a perfect picture and sound to the viewer.
  • antenna sites with large towers and large masts are generally considered eyesores by the public Because each provider has their own system of cell sites and because each geographic area has a plurality of providers, antenna blight is a common problem in many urban and suburban areas
  • the many different service providers employ many different technologies such as GSM and CDMA using industry standards for 3G and 4G (short for 3rd and 4th generation). They also employ these technologies on bandwidths the provider either owns or leases, and which are adapted to the technologies. Consequently, the different carriers tend to operate on different frequencies and since conventional dipole and other cell antennas are large by conventional construction, even where the different providers are positioning sites near each other, they still have their own cell towers adapted to the length and configuration of the large antennas they employ for their systems and which are adapted to their individual broadcast and receiving bands in the RF spectrum
  • data is broadcast in multiple independent RF streams in schemes such as MIMO to communicated data and voice to and from multiple antennas adapted to handle the frequency of each stream
  • Antennas conventionally must be spaced from each other at least Vi a wavelength of the RF frequency on which they operate to avoid problems with interference.
  • a broadband antenna with a low end frequency of 700Mhz this can be at least a 17 inch spacing requirement of each of the plurality of antenna elements from each other This physical requirement can be overcome using multiplexing of adjacent antennas to turn them off when one antenna is in broadcast mode or using complicated and expensive smart antenna schemes and switching techniques.
  • such a device should employ individual antenna elements which provide a very high potential for the as-needed configuration for frequency, polarization, gain, direction, steering and other factors desired in a cellular system for the varying servicing requirements of varying numbers of users over a day's time Further, such a device should employ a wideband antenna radiator element able to service all of the frequencies employed by the multiple carriers from 700MHz to 2100MHz using MIMO or other multiple broadcast and reception data and voice streams without the need for individual antennas for each band. Such a device should also allow one antenna site to service multiple carriers and providers operating in their respective frequency ranges and eliminate the need for many towers virtually in the same position with each servicing a single carrier
  • the disclosed antenna herein is especially adapted to handle the wide range of frequencies employed by multiple carriers in multiple cell systems in a geographic area Formed of individual elements electrically connected to an elongated array, the individual arrays may be employed for MIMO and other multi-stream 3G and 4G communication's schemes with exceptional performance
  • the unique configuration of the individual antenna radiator elements provides excellent transmission and reception performance in a wide band of frequencies between 680MHz to 1900MHz and maybe adapted easily to the 2100-2200 MHz. Such performance in such a wide bandwidth is accomplished with an array of antennas having spacing at 5 1 A inches instead of 1 A the wavelength of the lowest frequency, which in this case would be at least 17 inches.
  • the device with such close spacing, can concurrently transmit and receive RF streams on all of the plurality of antennas continuously without switching or multiplexing.
  • the disclosed device employed in arrays will enable cellular carriers on widely varying bands to employ a single element for most employed frequencies and even share towers and antennas to reduce tower blight which is ever increasing m most countries.
  • the disclosed device employing changing flare angles to edge sides forms a unique cavity from the widest point at an aperture which changes in its evenly declining slope toward a center line at a first slope, then at a second slope, and then to a third declining slope toward the center line of the aperture.
  • This flare angle change has been found to provide a significant improvement in the cellular frequency ranges of the antenna in the middle portion between the 700-1900MHz operating range of the antenna element
  • each individual antenna is formed of a plurality of individual elements electrically communicating with each other and the transceiver.
  • Each antenna in the array may be employed singularly or engaged with adjacent elements for gam and steering and is planar and formed on a single side of a dielectric substrate of such materials as MYLAR, fiberglass, REXLITE, polystyrene, polyimide, TEFLON, fiberglass or any other such material suitable for the purpose intended
  • the substrate may be flexible However, in the current mode of the device wherein a plurality of antenna elements are engaged to each other to increase gam or broadcast and receipt footprint, the substrate is substantially rigid in nature
  • the antenna element formed on the substrate can be any suitable conductive material, as for example, aluminum, copper, silver, gold, platinum or any other electrically conductive material suitable for the purpose intended.
  • the conductive material is adhered to the substrate by any conventional known technology.
  • the disclosed device forms an array for MIMO type multiple-stream transmission and receiving of individual RF streams All antennas, in the formed array, may concurrently broadcast and receive on all bands, with less than 1 A wavelength spacing, and with no need for complicated multiplexing and switching of adjacent antennas in the array
  • the antenna elements are formed of the conductive material coating on a single first side of the substrate.
  • the cavity has opposing edges of the two halves of the antenna element at different slope angles which both slope toward a mid line of the element at a first slope, rises slightly for a distance toward the mid line, and then again traverses downward and toward the midline for the remainder of the cavity forming the antenna aperture.
  • the formed element as the general appearance of a cross-section of a "whale tail" having two substantially equal sized half-tail components, and with a throat portion therebetween narrowing m size and extending m curvilinear fashion from the perimeter of one tail section into the other forming the horn.
  • a microstrip feed line is engaged to the element half adjacent to the throat at the bottom of the U-shaped curve of the throat The feedlme communicates energy at the communicated frequencies captured and transmitted by the antenna element to and from the antenna element.
  • the antenna element so configured will receive and transmit RF signals in all cellular bands at an improved performance level from conventional, large, unsightly antenna elements now used It can be used by a plurality of different cellular providers on the same tower to thereby alleviate the need for multiple towers adjacent to each other for different carriers.
  • the elements While employable in individual antenna elements, the elements may also be coupled into other arrays for added gain and beam steering and multiple stream MIMO type communications
  • the arrays may be adapted for multiple configurations using software adapted to the task of switching between radiator elements to form or change the form of engaged arrays of such elements.
  • the device uses a plurality of elements, each substantially identical to the other and each capable of RF transmission and reception across a wide array of frequencies to form an array antenna, the device provides an elegantly simple solution to forming antennas which are highly customizable for frequency, gain, polarization, steering, and other factors for that user.
  • the antenna element conductive material coating on a first side of the substrate is formed with a non-plated first cavity or covered surface area m the form of a horn
  • the formed horn antenna has the general appearance of a cross-section of a "whale tail" with two leaves or tail half-sections in a substantially mirrored configuration extending from a center to pointed tips positioned a distance from each other at their respective distal ends
  • mirrored "L" shaped extensions extend from those distal positioned tips.
  • a central aperture or cavity beginning with a large uncoated or unplated surface area of the substrate between the side edges of the two halves forms a mouth of the antenna and is substantially centered between the two distal tip points on each leaf or half-section of the tail shaped radiator element.
  • the cavity extends substantially perpendicular to a horizontal line running between the two distal tip points and then curves into the body portion of one of the tail halves and extends away from the other half
  • the cavity narrows according to a slope of the flare angles formed by the edges of the two halves of the antenna element in its cross sectional area
  • the cavity is at a widest point between the two distal end points and narrows to a narrowest point
  • the cavity from this narrow point curves to extend to a distal end withm the one tail half, where it makes a short right angled extension from the centerline of the curving cavity
  • the widest point of the cavity between the distal end points of the radiator halves determines the low point for the frequency range of the element.
  • the narrowest point of the cavity between the two halves determines the highest frequency to which the element is adapted for use.
  • the disclosed device Using a slope change yielding a change in the linear flare angle of the edge of the two halves toward a midline of the element, the disclosed device has been found to yield exceptional results between 680Mhz to 1900Mhz and up to 2200Mhz
  • the changing flare angle in the mid portion of the converging edges has provided a significant improvement in gain m the middle portion of the frequency range and is especially preferred.
  • a feedlme extends from the area of the cavity intermediate the first and second halves of the antenna element and passes through the substrate to a top position to electrically connect with the element which has the cavity extending therein to the distal end perpendicular extension
  • the location of the feedline connection, the size and shape of the two halves of the radiator element, and the cross-sectional area of the cavity may be of the antenna designers choice for best results for a given use and frequency
  • the disclosed radiator element performs so well and across such a wide bandwidth, the current mode of the radiator element as depicted herein, with the connection point shown, is especially preferred.
  • Another object of the invention is the employment of the antenna elements to form individual antennas m an array which may be closely spaced without the need for smart antenna switching or other schemes
  • Figure 1 depicts a top plan view of the preferred mode of the antenna element herein shaped similarly to a "whale tail" positioned on a substrate showing the distal points forming the widest point of the cavity "W" which narrows to a narrowest point "N" at a position substantially equidistant between the two distal points. Also shown is the slope change of the flare angles defined by the edges of the two halves defining a central aperture The changing slope yields a secondary wide point Wl which has been shown to enhance the mid portion of the spectrum.
  • Figure 2 depicts a rear side of the planar substrate on which the radiator element is mounted showing the feedline engaging the element to capture or transmit energy therefrom
  • Figure 3 depicts an antenna for the array formed of eight individual elements electrically connected.
  • Figure 4 the rear of figure 3 showing the connections of the elements to work in concert
  • Figure 5 depicts an array formed of the elements fo figure 3-4
  • each antenna element 22 of the invention is formed on a substrate 17 which as noted is non conductive and may be constructed of either a rigid or flexible material such as, MYLAR, fiberglass, REXLITE, polystyrene, polyamide, TEFLON fiberglass, or any other such material which would be suitable for the purpose intended
  • a first surface 19 is coated with a conductive material by microstnplme or the like or other metal and substrate construction well known in this art Any means for affixing the conductive material to the substrate is acceptable to practice this invention.
  • the conductive material 23 as for example, include but are not limited to aluminum, copper, silver, gold, platinum or any other electrical conductive material which is suitable for the purpose intended
  • the surface conductive material 23 on first surface 19 is etched away, removed by suitable means, or left uncoated in the coating process to form the first and second halves 13 and 15 of the antenna element, and having a mouth 33 leading to a curvilmeal cavity 35.
  • mirrored "L" shaped extensions 29 extend from those tips 31 to a connection at the lower points of respective halves 13 and 15
  • the extensions 29 have been found to significantly enhance performance of the antenna radiator element device 10 at lower frequency ranges of the spectrum between 680-1900 MHz in which the antenna element excels.
  • the cavity 35 extending from the mouth 33 has a widest point "W” and extends between the curved side edges of the two halves 13 and 15 to a narrowest point "N" which is substantially equidistant between the two distal tips 31 and which is positioned along an imaginary line X substantially perpendicular the line depicting the widest point "W” running between the two distal tips 31 on the two horns 13 and 15.
  • the device 10 is a mid portion of the cavity 35 along side edges of both halves 13 and 15 which have a flare angle slope change 41 toward the mid lme X of the device.
  • This mid portion starting at the ends of the line Wl occurs when the flare angles on the edges of the two halves 13 and 15, changes to a decreasing declining angle for a distance, whereafter the angle of decline toward the midline X increases again
  • This mid portion with the change m the flare angle defined by the edges of the halves 13 and 15 has been found to particularly increase performance in the mid range of the antenna element which currently operates between 680Mhz and 1900Mhz.
  • the mid portion adjustment slope change 41 has also provided a means to fine tune the device and enhance impedance matching to allow for common matching circuitry of the device with other antennas of different sizes between W and N
  • the element will work well in other frequency ranges where W equals substantially 1 A the wave length of the lowest frequency and N equals 1 A the wavelength of the highest.
  • narrowest distance "N” is at a distance adapted to receive the highest frequencies up toward and above the 1900MHz high end.
  • the cavity 35 proximate to the narrowest distance "N” curves into the body portion of the first half 13 and extends away from the other the second half 15.
  • the cavity 35 extends to a distal end 37 withm the first half 13 where it makes a short right angled extension 47 away from the centerlme of the curving cavity 35 and toward the midline X
  • This short angled extension 47 has shown improvement in gam for some of the frequencies
  • a feedline 43 extends from the area of the cavity 35 intermediate the two halves 13 and 15 forming the two halves of the radiator element 22 and passes through the substrate 17 to electrically connect to the first half 13 and second half 15 adjacent to the edge of the curved portion of the cavity 35 past the narrowest distance "N"
  • the change in the flare angles at the mid position 41 in the cavity 35 also enhances impedance matching of the device with others
  • the location of the feedlme 43 connection, the size and shape of the two halves 13 and 15, of the radiator element 22, and the cross-sectional area of the widest distance "W” and narrowest distance “N” of the cavity 35, and the change in slope angle along line Wl, are adapted m size and distance to receive captured energy at cellular frequencies and in this configuration performs well and across the entire bandwidth and is especially preferred
  • the radiator element 22 maintaining substantially the same "whale tail" appearance when viewed from above, may be adapted in dimension to optimize it for other RF frequencies between a maximum low frequency and maximum high frequence and those that fall therebetween. This may be done by forming said halves 13 and 15 to position the distal tips 31 at a widest point "W", which is substantially one half the distance of the length of an RF wave radiating at the maximum low frequency desired or alternatively but less preferred at one quarter the distance of the wave To determine the maximum high frequency for the element 22, it would be formed with a narrowest point "N" of the mouth having a distance which is substantially one half or one quarter the distance of the length of the RF wave radiating at the highest frequency desired.
  • the radiator element 22 will receive and transmit well on all frequencies between the maximum high and low frequencies from 6800MHz to 1900MHz and beyond.
  • the slope change 41 of the flare angles on the edges of the halves 13 and 15, toward the center line X, to form the mid portion is also preferred to enhance the mid spectrum gain and provide an aid in impedance matching of the device.
  • the antenna element 22 provides a transmitting and receiving ability across the spectrum from 680MHz to 1900MHz.
  • Each such element 22 is easily combined with others of identical shape, and connected electrically as in figures 3-4 to form an array antenna, which becomes an element and a formed array device 11 as in figure 5.
  • Such an array provides a means to increase gain and steer the beam of the formed antenna array allowing for more precise formation of individual cells in the cellular network.
  • the single antenna element 22 with the changed slope of the flare angles performs well across the entire cellular frequency spectrum between 680MHz to 1900MHz, and up to 2200MHz with an adjustment to the size of N, it can be employed by all carriers, each operating in different bands, instead of the many different large and ungainly antennas each uses on different mounting poles.
  • the element 22 while being shown in figures 1-2 with only one slope change 41 of the flare angles of the cavity, can be formed with multiple such slope changes to enhance other sections of the broadband spectrum it is adapted to receive. While employable in individual antenna elements 22, the elements 22 may also be coupled electrically for added gain and beam steering and for multiple RF stream MIMO type communications for 3 G and 4G cellular systems. As shown in figure 3-5, using a plurality of elements 22 each substantially identical to the other, and each capable of RF transmission and reception across a wide array of frequencies to form an array antenna, the device provides an elegantly simple solution to forming antennas which are highly customizable for frequency, gain, polarization, steering, and other factors, for the user and which will not interfere with each other in close proximity.
  • an array device 11 is formed using the individual elements 22 which are electrically connected to form an elongated array 50 and the individual arrays 50 may be employed as array antennas in parallel mountings preferably with a ground plane 52 for concurrent RF transmission and reception of multiple RF streams in MIMO and other multi stream 3 G and 4G communications schemes and with exceptional performance
  • the unique configuration of the individual antenna radiator elements 22, with the flare angles of the edges of the two halves of the element forming a bump or node in a mid portion, provides excellent transmission and reception performance in a wide band of frequencies between 680MHz to 2200 MHz.
  • Such performance m such a broad bandwidth is accomplished with a plurality of the formed array 50 as individual antennas operating a very close spacing with as little as a 5 1 A inch separation "S" in an array device 11
  • the ability for such close spacing of the radiating and receiving elements provided by the arrays 50 without interference with operation of the adjacent array 50 antennas in the formed array device 11 of figure 5, is a major improvement as no smart antenna switching, or multiplexing or temporary de-energizing of adjacent antennas of the multi stream array is required
  • This allows for a much smaller footprint and much faster 3G and 4G transmissions since all the formed arrays 50 operating as antennas can concurrently operate to transmit and receive individual RF streams concurrently and continuously without switching or multiplexing of the adjacent array 50 which are concurrently handling their own RF streams.
  • This ability overcomes the problems associated with current MIMO and multiple antenna arrays for producing multiple RF streams for 3G and 4G systems which as noted must either separate all the antennas in the array from each other by a distance of 1 A the wavelength of the longest bandwidth, or, use multiplexing and smart switching techniques and software to turn off adjacent closely spaced antennas to avoid interference

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un élément d'antenne à large bande pour la transmission RF et la réception RF sur des fréquences cellulaires. L'élément d'antenne est constitué d'un matériau conducteur situé sur une surface de substrat de matériau conducteur sous forme d'une paire de demi-parties s'étendant dans des directions opposées vers des extrémités distales définissant la distance la plus étendue d'une ouverture d'une cavité. L'ouverture converge pour réduire sa section transversale en direction d'un point le plus étroit au niveau d'une pluralité d'angles d'ouverture différents définis par les bords des deux demi-parties entre la paire de demi-parties formant l'élément. L'élément d'antenne ainsi formé rayonne et reçoit des fréquences cellulaires à large bande permettant à un seul élément de desservir différents fournisseurs opérant sur des bandes de fréquence différentes dans le spectre cellulaire s'étendant entre 680MHz et 1900MHz.
PCT/US2010/035407 2009-04-06 2010-05-19 Antenne à large bande 3g ou 4g à gain élevé WO2010129967A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/419,213 2009-04-06
US12/419,213 US8063841B2 (en) 2008-04-05 2009-04-06 Wideband high gain dielectric notch radiator antenna
US23420009P 2009-08-14 2009-08-14
US23420909P 2009-08-14 2009-08-14
US61/234,209 2009-08-14
US61/234,200 2009-08-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010129967A1 true WO2010129967A1 (fr) 2010-11-11

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PCT/US2010/035407 WO2010129967A1 (fr) 2009-04-06 2010-05-19 Antenne à large bande 3g ou 4g à gain élevé

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0257881A2 (fr) * 1986-08-29 1988-03-02 Decca Limited Antenne à fente constituée par un guide d'onde et réseau de celle-ci
WO2003021715A2 (fr) * 2001-09-04 2003-03-13 Raytheon Company Antenne a fente a ouverture progressive a large bande et procedes de fabrication et de configuration associes
US20040113856A1 (en) * 2002-07-20 2004-06-17 Roke Manor Research Limited Antenna
US20060208954A1 (en) * 2005-03-02 2006-09-21 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Ultra wideband antenna for filtering predetermined frequency band signal and system for receiving ultra wideband signal using the same
US20070257851A1 (en) * 2005-01-19 2007-11-08 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Small ultra wideband antenna having unidirectional radiation pattern

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0257881A2 (fr) * 1986-08-29 1988-03-02 Decca Limited Antenne à fente constituée par un guide d'onde et réseau de celle-ci
WO2003021715A2 (fr) * 2001-09-04 2003-03-13 Raytheon Company Antenne a fente a ouverture progressive a large bande et procedes de fabrication et de configuration associes
US20040113856A1 (en) * 2002-07-20 2004-06-17 Roke Manor Research Limited Antenna
US20070257851A1 (en) * 2005-01-19 2007-11-08 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Small ultra wideband antenna having unidirectional radiation pattern
US20060208954A1 (en) * 2005-03-02 2006-09-21 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Ultra wideband antenna for filtering predetermined frequency band signal and system for receiving ultra wideband signal using the same

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