WO2010112959A1 - Ensemble moteur à combustion interne comprenant un système de recirculation des gaz d'échappement avec un dispositif thermoélectrique - Google Patents

Ensemble moteur à combustion interne comprenant un système de recirculation des gaz d'échappement avec un dispositif thermoélectrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010112959A1
WO2010112959A1 PCT/IB2009/005627 IB2009005627W WO2010112959A1 WO 2010112959 A1 WO2010112959 A1 WO 2010112959A1 IB 2009005627 W IB2009005627 W IB 2009005627W WO 2010112959 A1 WO2010112959 A1 WO 2010112959A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
egr
line
exhaust
internal combustion
combustion engine
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2009/005627
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Luc Aixala
Original Assignee
Renault Trucks
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Renault Trucks filed Critical Renault Trucks
Priority to PCT/IB2009/005627 priority Critical patent/WO2010112959A1/fr
Publication of WO2010112959A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010112959A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
    • F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
    • F01N5/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat the device being thermoelectric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
    • F02M26/05—High pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust system upstream of the turbine and reintroduced into the intake system downstream of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
    • F02M26/06—Low pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust downstream of the turbocharger turbine and reintroduced into the intake system upstream of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/35—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with means for cleaning or treating the recirculated gases, e.g. catalysts, condensate traps, particle filters or heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
    • H10N10/10—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects
    • H10N10/13—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects characterised by the heat-exchanging means at the junction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an internal combustion engine arrangement comprising an exhaust gas recirculation system, especially such an engine arrangement for a vehicle.
  • a significant amount of energy is included in the exhaust gases, which have a high speed and a high temperature, and in particular in EGR gases.
  • thermoelectric device is capable of producing electricity by the conversion of a heat flux between the hot exhaust gases flowing in the EGR line and a cold source. The generated electricity can then be used for the operation of various elements of the vehicle, and/or can be stored in an energy storage component such as a battery.
  • one important limit of this conventional system is that the flow of exhaust gases in the EGR line depends on the engine operating conditions, and can be very low, or even nonexistent if the valve provided in the EGR line is closed. As a consequence, the thermoelectric device is not fully used. In particular, when the EGR valve is closed, the thermoelectric device cannot produce electricity since there is no hot source. Therefore, the significant amount of energy contained in the hot exhaust gases is lost.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an internal combustion engine having an EGR system equipped with a thermoelectric device which can effectively increase the amount of energy recovered.
  • such an internal combustion engine arrangement comprises:
  • an exhaust line capable of collecting exhaust gas from the engine;
  • - at least one turbocharger having at least one compressor driven by at least one turbine located in the exhaust line;
  • an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system comprising an EGR line rerouting a portion of the engine's exhaust gases into the air intake line, said EGR line including an EGR valve and a thermoelectric device capable of producing electricity by Seebeck effect by the conversion of the temperature difference between the hot exhaust gases flowing in the EGR line and a cold source.
  • EGR exhaust gas recirculation
  • the EGR valve is located downstream from the thermoelectric device and the EGR system further comprises a return conduit having an inlet connected to the EGR line downstream from the thermoelectric device and upstream from the EGR valve and an outlet by which gases can flow towards the atmosphere, preferably through the exhaust line, said EGR system being arranged so that, when said EGR valve is closed, the whole flow of exhaust gases coming out of the engine passes through the turbine.
  • the whole amount of hot exhaust gases entering the EGR line can be used to produce electricity by means of the thermoelectric device, whatever the aperture rate of the EGR valve. Even when the EGR valve is closed, all exhaust gases in the EGR line flow along the thermoelectric device, which means that the energy due to their high temperature can be used.
  • the invention by forcing all exhaust gases to flow through the turbine when the EGR valve is closed, makes it possible also to use the whole kinetic energy contained in exhaust gases.
  • both the thermal energy of the exhaust gases in the EGR line and the kinetic energy of the exhaust gases are fully used respectively by the thermoelectric device and by the turbine to generate energy, which enables a decrease of fuel consumption.
  • the EGR line inlet and the return conduit outlet may be connected to the exhaust line on a same side of the turbine, with respect to the flow of exhaust gases in the exhaust line.
  • the EGR line inlet is connected to the exhaust line upstream from the turbine, and the return conduit outlet is connected to the exhaust line upstream from the turbine.
  • This embodiment will be preferred when the EGR system has a "short route EGR" configuration, where the EGR line is connected to the intake line downstream of the compressor, or a “mixed route EGR” configuration where the EGR line is connected to the intake line upstream of the compressor.
  • the EGR line inlet is connected to the exhaust line downstream from the turbine, and the return conduit outlet is connected to the exhaust line downstream from the turbine.
  • This embodiment will be preferred when the EGR system has a "long route EGR" configuration, where the EGR line is connected to the intake line upstream of the compressor. With this configuration, the gas temperatures are lower at the EGR line inlet. Therefore, materials having a lower maximum temperature threshold can be used in the thermoelectric device, which is advantageous since these materials are less expensive.
  • the return conduit outlet is connected to the exhaust line downstream from the EGR line inlet.
  • thermoelectric device is a built-in part of an EGR cooler located in the EGR line.
  • the cold source can be the engine cooling fluid, an auxiliary cooling fluid, or ambient air.
  • thermoelectric device can be connected to an electrical circuit which may comprise a battery and / or one or more vehicular component that are electrically operated.
  • the electrically circuit is preferably equipped with control means for controlling the current in the circuit.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic drawing of an internal combustion engine arrangement according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic drawing of an internal combustion engine arrangement according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • an internal combustion engine 1 typically comprises an engine block 2 defining a plurality of cylinders (not shown). Intake air is carried towards the engine, for feeding the cylinders, through an air intake line 3 which can comprise an intake manifold.
  • the gases formed in each cylinder can be collected by an exhaust line 4, which may comprise an exhaust manifold, and the exhaust gases are then carried towards the atmosphere through exhaust line 4 which may comprise various exhaust gases after treatment systems and silencers.
  • the engine 1 includes a turbocharger which comprises a turbine 5 located on the exhaust line 4 and a compressor 6 located on the air intake line 3, said compressor being driven by the turbine 5. After being compressed by the compressor 6, and before entering the engine, air flowing in the intake line 3 may go through a charge air cooler 7 which can be provided in the intake line.
  • the engine 1 further includes an EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) system which comprises an EGR line 8 capable of rerouting a portion of the engine's exhaust gases into the air intake line 3.
  • Said EGR line 8 may comprise an EGR cooler 9.
  • the EGR cooler 9 uses the engine coolant which flows in an auxiliary coolant circuit 10 equipped with a radiator 11 located close to a fan 12.
  • An EGR valve 13 is located in the EGR line 8 downstream from the EGR cooler 9. The aperture rate of said EGR valve 13 is controlled according to the engine operating conditions to allow an appropriate amount of exhaust gases to be rerouted towards the engine intake line through the EGR line 8.
  • the EGR line 8 is further provided with a thermoelectric device 14 capable of producing electricity by Seebeck effect.
  • the thermoelectric device can be a built-in part of the EGR cooler 9, but could also be a stand alone unit on the EGR line.
  • the thermoelectric device 14 comprises thermoelectric elements 15 which are subject, directly or indirectly, on one side to a hot source, namely the hot temperature of the EGR gases flowing in the EGR line 8, and, on the other side, to a relatively cold temperature of a cold source.
  • the cold source can comprise the engine cooling fluid carried by the coolant circuit 10 or by a derivation thereof.
  • thermoelectric elements 15 may comprise materials such as Bi 2 Te 3 , PbTe 1 SiGe, or other appropriate materials which can convert the temperature difference between the hot source and the cold source in to an electric voltage, thereby converting a heat flux between the hot and cold sources into electric power.
  • the thermoelectric device will have a cooling effect on the EGR gases which flow through it, and can be considered in itself as an EGR cooler.
  • the cold source for the thermoelectric device 14 can comprise, alone or in combination, ambient air or a cooling fluid from an auxiliary cooling circuit such as a charge air cooling circuit or a vehicle cabin air-conditioning circuit.
  • the EGR system further comprises a return conduit 16 having an inlet connected to the EGR line 8 downstream from the thermoelectric device 14 (i.e., here, downstream from the EGR cooler 9) and upstream from the EGR valve 13. If a separate further EGR cooler is provided downstream of the thermoelectric device 14 on the EGR line 8, the return conduit inlet is preferably arranged between the thermoelectric device and the separate EGR cooler.
  • the return conduit 16 is equipped with a valve 17 and has an outlet by which gases can flow towards the exhaust line 4, preferably downstream from the inlet of the EGR line 8.
  • a first embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Figure 1.
  • the EGR line 8 has an inlet connected to the exhaust line 4 upstream from the turbine 5 and an outlet connected to the intake line 3 downstream from the compressor 6, thereby forming a so-called "short-route EGR". Furthermore, the outlet of the return conduit 16 is connected to the exhaust line 4 upstream from the turbine 5, and downstream from the inlet of the EGR line 8.
  • a flow restriction 19 can be arranged in the exhaust line downstream of the EGR line inlet, and upstream of the return conduit outlet to promote the flow of exhaust gases towards the EGR line 8 rather than directly towards the turbine 5.
  • the flow restriction can be controllable, such as a throttle.
  • thermoelectric device 14 when the EGR valve 13 is open, either fully or partially, i.e. when part of the exhaust gases are rerouted towards the engine intake line, the thermoelectric device 14 can produce electricity thanks to this hot flow of gases. Moreover, when the EGR valve is open, the flow of exhaust gases through the thermoelectric device can be greater than the flow of EGR gases effectively rerouted towards the intake line, because the difference can be rerouted directly to the exhaust line through the return conduit 16
  • thermoelectric device 14 when said EGR valve 13 is closed, part of the exhaust gases can nevertheless enter the EGR line 8 and pass through the thermoelectric device 14 before being reintroduced into the exhaust line 4 by means of the return conduit 16. As a result, the thermal energy of these gases can be used in the thermoelectric device 14 even if no exhaust gas is rerouted towards the engine intake manifold.
  • the proportion of exhaust gases which go through the thermoelectric device can be adjusted by proper control of valve 17 and of flow restriction 19.
  • the EGR line 8 has an inlet connected to the exhaust line 4 downstream from the turbine 5 and an outlet connected to the intake line 3 upstream from the compressor 6, in a so-called "long-route EGR" configuration. Furthermore, the outlet of the return conduit 16 is connected to the exhaust line 4 downstream from the turbine 5, and downstream from the inlet of the EGR line 8.
  • a flow restriction 19 can be arranged in the exhaust line downstream of the EGR line inlet, and upstream of the return conduit outlet to promote the flow of exhaust gases towards the EGR line 8.
  • the flow restriction can be controllable, such as a throttle.
  • thermoelectric device 14 When the EGR valve 13 is open, either fully or partially, the thermoelectric device 14 can produce electricity thanks to this hot flow. When said EGR valve 13 is closed, part of the exhaust gases can nevertheless enter the EGR line 8 and pass through the thermoelectric device before being reintroduced into the exhaust line 4 (or released in the atmosphere) by means of the return conduit 16. As a result, the thermal energy of these gases can be used in the thermoelectric device 14 even if no exhaust gas is rerouted towards the engine intake manifold.
  • the EGR system is arranged so that, when said EGR valve 13 is closed, the whole flow of exhaust gases coming out of the exhaust manifold passes through at least one turbine, and preferable both turbines.
  • the outlet of the return conduit 16 can be connected to the exhaust line between the two turbines, and preferably upstream from the turbine located most upstream.
  • the inlet of the return conduit 16 can be connected to the exhaust line between the two turbines, and preferably downstream from the turbine located most downstream.
  • the invention has been described in an engine arrangement comprising only one exhaust line. It can also be implemented in an arrangement having two parallel exhaust lines, which can each have a separate exhaust manifold or which can share a common exhaust manifold. In both cases, only one or both of the exhaust lines can be implemented according to the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un ensemble moteur à combustion interne qui comprend : une ligne d'admission d'air (3); au moins une ligne d'échappement (4) comprenant un collecteur d'échappement; au moins une turbine (5) située dans la ligne d'échappement (4); un système de recirculation des gaz d'échappement (RGE) qui comprend une ligne RGE (8) comportant une soupape RGE (13) et un dispositif thermoélectrique (14); la soupape RGE (13) étant située en aval du dispositif thermoélectrique (14) et le système RGE comprenant également une conduite de retour (16) possédant une entrée raccordée à la ligne RGE (8) en aval du dispositif thermoélectrique (14) et en amont de la soupape RGE (13) et une sortie, ledit système RGE étant conçu de façon que, lorsque ladite soupape RGE (13) est fermée, l'ensemble de l'écoulement des gaz d'échappement sortant du collecteur d'échappement passe à travers la turbine (5).
PCT/IB2009/005627 2009-03-30 2009-03-30 Ensemble moteur à combustion interne comprenant un système de recirculation des gaz d'échappement avec un dispositif thermoélectrique WO2010112959A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2009/005627 WO2010112959A1 (fr) 2009-03-30 2009-03-30 Ensemble moteur à combustion interne comprenant un système de recirculation des gaz d'échappement avec un dispositif thermoélectrique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2009/005627 WO2010112959A1 (fr) 2009-03-30 2009-03-30 Ensemble moteur à combustion interne comprenant un système de recirculation des gaz d'échappement avec un dispositif thermoélectrique

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012219968A1 (de) * 2012-10-31 2014-06-12 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Abgasanlage mit thermoelektrischem Generator
FR3006377A1 (fr) * 2013-05-31 2014-12-05 Renault Sa Procede de pilotage d'un dispositif de recuperation de l'energie thermique degagee par un moteur a combustion interne
CN107401449A (zh) * 2017-09-06 2017-11-28 哈尔滨工程大学 柴油机废气余热冷却egr风扇增压系统
CN107435574A (zh) * 2017-09-06 2017-12-05 哈尔滨工程大学 柴油机废气余热egr风扇增压系统
US9957876B2 (en) 2016-05-23 2018-05-01 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Methods and systems for controlling air flow paths in an engine
US10041451B2 (en) 2016-05-23 2018-08-07 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Methods and systems for controlling air flow paths in an engine

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0913561A2 (fr) * 1997-10-31 1999-05-06 Valeo Thermique Moteur S.A. Ligne d'échappement et de recirculation des gaz pour moteur de véhicule automobile
EP1475532A2 (fr) * 2003-05-06 2004-11-10 Denso Corporation Générateur thermoélectrique
WO2007026432A1 (fr) * 2005-08-31 2007-03-08 Hitachi, Ltd. Générateur d’énergie à gaz de rge
DE102006019282A1 (de) * 2006-04-26 2007-10-31 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Abgasrückführsystem für eine Brennkraftmaschine
FR2920834A1 (fr) * 2007-09-12 2009-03-13 Valeo Sys Controle Moteur Sas Dispositif et procede de recirculation des gaz d'echappement d'un moteur thermique

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0913561A2 (fr) * 1997-10-31 1999-05-06 Valeo Thermique Moteur S.A. Ligne d'échappement et de recirculation des gaz pour moteur de véhicule automobile
EP1475532A2 (fr) * 2003-05-06 2004-11-10 Denso Corporation Générateur thermoélectrique
WO2007026432A1 (fr) * 2005-08-31 2007-03-08 Hitachi, Ltd. Générateur d’énergie à gaz de rge
DE102006019282A1 (de) * 2006-04-26 2007-10-31 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Abgasrückführsystem für eine Brennkraftmaschine
FR2920834A1 (fr) * 2007-09-12 2009-03-13 Valeo Sys Controle Moteur Sas Dispositif et procede de recirculation des gaz d'echappement d'un moteur thermique

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012219968A1 (de) * 2012-10-31 2014-06-12 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Abgasanlage mit thermoelektrischem Generator
FR3006377A1 (fr) * 2013-05-31 2014-12-05 Renault Sa Procede de pilotage d'un dispositif de recuperation de l'energie thermique degagee par un moteur a combustion interne
US9957876B2 (en) 2016-05-23 2018-05-01 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Methods and systems for controlling air flow paths in an engine
US10041451B2 (en) 2016-05-23 2018-08-07 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Methods and systems for controlling air flow paths in an engine
US10302048B2 (en) 2016-05-23 2019-05-28 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Methods and systems for controlling air flow paths in an engine
RU2697246C2 (ru) * 2016-05-23 2019-08-13 Форд Глобал Текнолоджиз, Ллк Способ и система (варианты) для управления потоками воздуха в двигателе
CN107401449A (zh) * 2017-09-06 2017-11-28 哈尔滨工程大学 柴油机废气余热冷却egr风扇增压系统
CN107435574A (zh) * 2017-09-06 2017-12-05 哈尔滨工程大学 柴油机废气余热egr风扇增压系统

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