WO2010109001A1 - Electric battery unit - Google Patents

Electric battery unit Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010109001A1
WO2010109001A1 PCT/EP2010/053971 EP2010053971W WO2010109001A1 WO 2010109001 A1 WO2010109001 A1 WO 2010109001A1 EP 2010053971 W EP2010053971 W EP 2010053971W WO 2010109001 A1 WO2010109001 A1 WO 2010109001A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery unit
unit according
heat sink
battery
receptacles
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2010/053971
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Martin Michelitsch
Original Assignee
Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik Ag & Co Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik Ag & Co Kg filed Critical Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik Ag & Co Kg
Publication of WO2010109001A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010109001A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H01M10/6557—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/643—Cylindrical cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical battery unit consisting of battery cells with a layered layer of cylindrical structure and a battery pack composed of such battery units.
  • Battery cells of this kind e.g. Lithium ion cells
  • Battery cells of this kind because of their layer structure of flexible coiled layers only low mechanical stability and are therefore currently provided with a supporting cell jacket in the form of a metal or plastic.
  • Each battery cell thus forms a self-contained, stable component.
  • the support structure for the battery cells must be sufficiently rigid to provide protection in the event of a crash, otherwise there is a risk of short circuit in case of excessive deformation of the cells.
  • the cell jacket is usually a cause for achieving good heat dissipation.
  • ration compensation layer between the battery cell cells, and their support is required to prevent air leakage. This means a sub-optimal heat transfer due to the large number of layers to be overcome, from the cell chemistry layer structure to the cell shell, from the cell shell to the tolerance compensation layer and from the tolerance compensation layer to the partition wall to the coolant.
  • the object of the invention is to create an electrical battery unit consisting of battery cells, each with a cylindrical layered layer structure, which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • This object is achieved with a battery unit of the type mentioned, which is distinguished according to the invention by a heat sink of thermally conductive material with cylindrical receptacles, m is used in each case a coiled layer structure without supporting cell casing. In this way several advantages are achieved:
  • the heat sink of thermally conductive material is also the carrier of the cell chemistry layer structure.
  • Cost optimization Em separate cell casing omitted, and there is also no further Verbauvorgang for the individual battery cells longer necessary, since they are directly m integrated in the combined support and heat sink. Cooling optimization: With the elimination of the separate cell jacket for each battery cell is also unnecessary Installation of a tolerance compensation layer, whereby there are less to be overcome layers for heat transfer and a much better heat can be achieved. Safety optimization: Compared to conventional cell mantles, which have a wall thickness of less than 1 mm, the heat sink according to the invention with its cylindrical receptacles offers a considerably higher resistance to deformation when force is applied from the outside, eg in the event of a crash. This can greatly reduce the risk of short circuits and cell explosion.
  • Modular design The ability to arbitrary long changes of the heat sink and changes in the number of its recordings different requirements can be met with a uniform modular design principle.
  • the cooling body is penetrated by Kuhlstoffkanalen, which are particularly preferably parallel to and between the cylindrical receptacles. As a result, a uniform and effective cooling of the battery cells can be achieved.
  • a particularly compact construction results when the cylindrical receptacles are arranged in mutually half-offset rows.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the heat sink is an extrusion press. profile is, in which the cylindrical receptacles and optional Kuhlstoffkanale are formed by extrusion.
  • the battery unit m any length and thus nominal power can be made simply by Ab Siemens an extruded.
  • the heat sink ausmundenden cylindrical receptacles are covered by a common, attached to the heat sink lid, whereby a mechanically stable and tightly sealed, easy to manufacture arrangement is achieved.
  • the lid can have openings for the passage of electrical connections of the rolled-up layer structures, which facilitates the electrical contacting and interconnection of the battery cells.
  • cover connects the coolant channels which emanate on one side of the heat sink with one another and / or with cover medium outside coolant connections.
  • the extruded profile is provided on its two end faces, each with a lid, whereby the Stirnmundungen the Kuhlstoffkanale of the extruded profile connected on each side according to, for. summarized and / or diverted.
  • the cylindrical receptacles are provided with an electrically insulating coating, which is preferably applied in a plastic spine method.
  • an electrically insulating coating which is preferably applied in a plastic spine method.
  • the invention provides in a second aspect, a battery pack that is composed of a plurality of battery units of the type here made before ⁇ which have each deckeiau- , mixed minerale Kuhlstoffan somebody of the type mentioned, wherein the Kuhlstoffan gleiche of the battery units are connected via a preferably pluggable manifold system with one another.
  • the rated power of the battery pack can thus be modularly designed by arbitrary grouping and interconnecting of Düngsgebounden battery units are adapted to different requirements.
  • FIG. 1 shows the layer structure of a battery cell before rolling m a partial perspective view.
  • FIG. 2 shows the layer structure of FIG. 1 in the rolled-up state
  • FIG. 3 shows the heat sink of a battery unit according to the invention in perspective view
  • FIG. 4 shows the two covers of a battery unit m according to the invention in perspective view
  • FIG. 5 shows a battery unit according to the invention in perspective view
  • FIG. 6 shows a battery pack assembled from a plurality of battery units according to the invention m in perspective view.
  • Fig. 1 shows an exemplary layer structure 1 of conventional type for an electrochemical battery cell, e.g. a lithium-ion cell, of individual flexible layers 2 with interposed terminal lugs 3 for electrical contacting.
  • an electrochemical battery cell e.g. a lithium-ion cell
  • a coiled layer structure 4 with terminal lugs 3 emerging at the end is obtained, as shown in FIG.
  • the layer structure 4 has only low mechanical stability because the layers th 2 are flexible and the layer structure 4 "naked", that is, apart from a allfalligen electrical isolation m the form of a thin outer plastic coating no mecha nically ⁇ bearing cells sheath, such as a metal or plastic stoffhulse is provided.
  • the rolled-up layer structure 4 is inserted into cylindrical receptacles 5 of a heat sink 6 made of thermally conductive material, preferably metal, see Fig. 3.
  • the receptacles 5 can be drilled in the heat sink 6.
  • the heat sink 6 is a Extruded profile and the receptacles 5 are formed by tubular profile seals 7 of the extruded profile 6.
  • the receptacles 5 are preferably arranged in mutually half-staggered rows ( "dense packing").
  • the cylindrical housings 5 may additionally be provided on the inside with an electrically insulating coating to building the layer on ⁇ to isolate 4 from a metallic heat sink 6.
  • the coating is preferably applied in a plastic vortex sintering process, in which plastic granules are introduced into the individual receptacles 5 and melted by heating and allowing the heat sink 6 to rotate on the inside of the receptacles 5.
  • each Kuhlstoffkanale 8 for a coolant, eg Kuhlmannmaschine or air, provided.
  • the Kuhlstoffkanale 8 can also be drilled in any way m the heat sink 6; preferably they pass pa ⁇ Rallel to and between the cylindrical receptacles 5.
  • the Kuhlstoffkanale 8 are formed during manufacture of the heat sink 5 as an extruded through the spaces between the tube section sections 7.
  • the Kuhlstoffkanale 8 may be separated by webs 9 between the tube profile sections 7 from each other, for example, to form juxtaposed return and return ducts. In "tightest packing" of Rohrprofllabitese 8, the webs 9 can also be omitted.
  • the mouths of the receptacles 5 are covered or closed at both ends of the heat sink 6, each with a cover 10, 11. If the receptacles 5 and Kuhlstoffkanale 8 are formed by blind holes in the heat sink 6, the rear lid 11 deleted.
  • the front cover 10 is provided with openings 12 for the passage of the terminal lugs 3 and electrical connections formed therefrom.
  • One or both covers 10, 11 are provided on their inner sides with Kuhlstoffubertritten 13 for mutual connection of the Kuhlstoffkanale 8 and / or connection thereof with deckelau- dated massen Kuhlstoffan gleichen 14, 15.
  • the coolant sub-steps 13 can be formed, for example, by gaps between ring stubs 16, which extend from the openings 12 and can be placed sealingly on the pipe profile sections 8 of the heat sink 6. By webs 17 between the annular nozzle 16, any interconnection of Kuhlmit- telkanäle 8 and deflection of the coolant flowing therein can be achieved.
  • the coolant port 14 is the supply and the coolant port 15 is the discharge for coolant.
  • the coolant ports 14, 15 may also be located on different sides of the heat sink 6 and / or more than two coolant ports may be provided.
  • FIG. 5 shows a battery unit 18 assembled from twelve rolled-up layer structures 4, a heat sink 6 and two covers 10, 11.
  • the coolant connections 14, 15 of a plurality of battery units 18 can be connected to a battery pack via a preferably pluggable manifold system 19. 20 are interconnected with a common coolant circuit.
  • the size and number of receptacles 5 with the layer structures 4 and the number of battery units 18 in a battery pack 20 a wide range of power requirements are modularly covered.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric battery unit (18) consisting of battery cells each having a cylindrically rolled-up layered structure. Said unit comprises a cooling body (6) consisting of a heat-conductive material with cylindrical recesses (5) into which a rolled-up layered structure (4) is respectively inserted without a supporting cell cover.

Description

Elektrische Batterieeinheit Electric battery unit
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine elektrische Batte- rieeinheit aus Batteriezellen mit [jeweils zylinderförmig zusammengerolltem Schichtaufbau sowie ein Batteriepack, das aus solchen Batterieeinheiten zusammengesetzt ist.The present invention relates to an electrical battery unit consisting of battery cells with a layered layer of cylindrical structure and a battery pack composed of such battery units.
Batteriezellen dieser Art, z.B. Lithiumionenzellen, haben wegen ihres Schichtaufbaus aus flexiblen zusammengerollten Schichten nur geringe mechanische Stabilität und werden daher derzeit mit einem tragenden Zellenmantel in Form einer Metalloder Kunststoffhulse versehen. Jede Batteriezelle bildet so einen in sich abgeschlossenen, stabilen Bauteil.Battery cells of this kind, e.g. Lithium ion cells, because of their layer structure of flexible coiled layers only low mechanical stability and are therefore currently provided with a supporting cell jacket in the form of a metal or plastic. Each battery cell thus forms a self-contained, stable component.
Wenn solche Bauteile in größerer Anzahl zu einer elektrischen Batterieeinheit zusammengefaßt werden, z.B. als Energiespeicher für Hybrid- oder Elektrofahrzeuge, müssen die einzelnen Zellen nicht nur mechanisch zusammengehalten, sondern wegen der hohen Energiedichte auch entsprechend gekühlt werden, beispielsweise durch Hindurchleiten von Kuhlflussigkeit oder Kuhlluft durch die Batterieeinheit. Dadurch ergeben sich gleich mehrere Probleme.When such components are combined in greater numbers into an electric battery unit, e.g. As energy storage for hybrid or electric vehicles, the individual cells must not only be held together mechanically, but also be cooled accordingly, for example by passing Kuhlflussigkeit or Kuhlluft through the battery unit because of the high energy density. This results in several problems.
Einerseits muß die Haltestruktur für die Batteriezellen ausreichend steif sein, um im Falle eines Crashs Schutz zu bieten, da sonst die Gefahr eines Kurzschlusses bei übermäßiger Deformation der Zellen besteht. Anderseits ist wegen unvermeidlicher Fertigungstoleranzen der Zellenmantel zur Erreichung eines guten Warmeabtransports üblicherweise eine ToIe- ranzausgleichsschicht zwischen den Batteriezellen-Zellenman™ teln und ihrer Halterung notig, um Luftemschlυsse zu vermeiden. Dies bedeutet einen suboptimalen Warmetransfer wegen der großen Anzahl von zu überwindenden Schichten, und zwar vom Zellchemie-Schichtaufbau zum Zellenmantel, vom Zellenmantel zur Toleranzausgleichsschicht und von der Toleranzausgleichs- schicht zur Trennwand zum Kuhlmittel.On the one hand, the support structure for the battery cells must be sufficiently rigid to provide protection in the event of a crash, otherwise there is a risk of short circuit in case of excessive deformation of the cells. On the other hand, due to unavoidable manufacturing tolerances, the cell jacket is usually a cause for achieving good heat dissipation. ration compensation layer between the battery cell cells, and their support is required to prevent air leakage. This means a sub-optimal heat transfer due to the large number of layers to be overcome, from the cell chemistry layer structure to the cell shell, from the cell shell to the tolerance compensation layer and from the tolerance compensation layer to the partition wall to the coolant.
Die Erfindung setzt sich zum Ziel, eine elektrische Batte- πeemheit aus Batteriezellen mit jeweils zylinderförmig zusammengerolltem Schichtaufbau zu schaffen, welche die Nachteile des Standes der Technik überwindet. Dieses Ziel wird mit einer Batterieeinheit der genannten Art erreicht, die sich gemäß der Erfindung durch einen Kühlkörper aus warmeleitfahigem Material mit zylindrischen Aufnahmen auszeichnet, m die jeweils ein zusammengerollter Schichtaufbau ohne tragenden Zellenmantel eingesetzt ist. Auf diese Weise werden gleich mehrere Vorteile erzielt:The object of the invention is to create an electrical battery unit consisting of battery cells, each with a cylindrical layered layer structure, which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art. This object is achieved with a battery unit of the type mentioned, which is distinguished according to the invention by a heat sink of thermally conductive material with cylindrical receptacles, m is used in each case a coiled layer structure without supporting cell casing. In this way several advantages are achieved:
Gewichtsoptimierung: Der Kühlkörper aus warmeleitfahigem Material ist zugleich Trager des Zellchemie-Schichtauf- baus .Weight optimization: The heat sink of thermally conductive material is also the carrier of the cell chemistry layer structure.
Kostenoptimierung: Em gesonderter Zellenmantel entfallt, und es ist auch kein weiterer Verbauvorgang für die einzelnen Batteriezellen mehr notwendig, da sie direkt m den kombinierten Trag- und Kühlkörper integriert sind. Kuhlungsoptimierung: Mit dem Entfall des gesonderten Zellenmantels für jede Batteriezelle erübrigt sich auch der Einbau einer Toleranzausgleichsschicht, wodurch es weniger zu überwindende Schichten für den Wärmeübergang gibt und eine wesentlich bessere Wärmezufuhr erreicht werden kann. Sicherheitsoptimierung: Im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen ZeI- lenmanteln, die eine Wandstarke von weniger als 1 mm haben, bietet der erfmdungsgemaße Kühlkörper mit seinen zylindrischen Aufnahmen einen wesentlich höheren Widerstand gegen eine Verformung bei Krafteinwirkung von außen, z.B. im Falle eines Crash. Dadurch kann die Gefahr von Kurzschlüssen und einer Explosion der Zellen enorm reduziert werden.Cost optimization: Em separate cell casing omitted, and there is also no further Verbauvorgang for the individual battery cells longer necessary, since they are directly m integrated in the combined support and heat sink. Cooling optimization: With the elimination of the separate cell jacket for each battery cell is also unnecessary Installation of a tolerance compensation layer, whereby there are less to be overcome layers for heat transfer and a much better heat can be achieved. Safety optimization: Compared to conventional cell mantles, which have a wall thickness of less than 1 mm, the heat sink according to the invention with its cylindrical receptacles offers a considerably higher resistance to deformation when force is applied from the outside, eg in the event of a crash. This can greatly reduce the risk of short circuits and cell explosion.
Modulare Bauweise: Durch die Möglichkeit zu beliebigen Langenanderungen des Kühlkörpers und Änderungen in der Anzahl seiner Aufnahmen können unterschiedliche Anforderungen mit einem einheitlichen modularen Konstruktionsprinzip erfüllt werden.Modular design: The ability to arbitrary long changes of the heat sink and changes in the number of its recordings different requirements can be met with a uniform modular design principle.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausfuhrungsform der Erfindung ist der Kühlkörper von Kuhlmittelkanalen durchsetzt, welche besonders bevorzugt parallel zu und zwischen den zylindrischen Aufnahmen verlaufen. Dadurch kann eine gleichmäßige und wirksame Kühlung der Batteriezellen erreicht werden.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the cooling body is penetrated by Kuhlmittelkanalen, which are particularly preferably parallel to and between the cylindrical receptacles. As a result, a uniform and effective cooling of the battery cells can be achieved.
Ein besonders kompakter Aufbau ergibt sich, wenn die zylindrischen Aufnahmen in zueinander halb versetzten Reihen angeordnet sind.A particularly compact construction results when the cylindrical receptacles are arranged in mutually half-offset rows.
Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausfuhrungsform der Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dafh der Kühlkörper ein Strangpreß- profil ist, in welchem die zylindrischen Aufnahmen und optionalen Kuhlmittelkanale durch Strangpressen ausgebildet sind. Dadurch kann die Batterieeinheit m beliebiger Lange und damit Nennleistung einfach durch Ablangen eines Strangpreßprofils gefertigt werden.A further preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the heat sink is an extrusion press. profile is, in which the cylindrical receptacles and optional Kuhlmittelkanale are formed by extrusion. As a result, the battery unit m any length and thus nominal power can be made simply by Ablangen an extruded.
Besonders gunstig ist es, wenn die Aufnahmen von in dichter Packung nebenemanderliegenden Rohrprofllabschnitten des Strangpreßprofils gebildet sind, deren Zwischenräume die Kuhlmittelkanale bilden. Dies ergibt ein Strangpreßprofil, das durch seinen wabenartigen Aufbau hohe mechanische Festigkeit hat und durch seine zwischen den Waben verteilten Kuhlmittelkanale auch eine hohe Warmeabfuhrleistung erreicht.It is particularly favorable when the recordings are formed by tightly packed side by side Rohrprofllabschnitten the extruded profile, the intermediate spaces form the Kuhlmittelkanale. This results in an extruded profile, which has high mechanical strength through its honeycomb structure and also achieved by its distributed between the honeycomb Kuhlmittelkanale a high heat dissipation performance.
Bevorzugt sind die auf einer Seite des Kühlkörpers ausmundenden zylindrischen Aufnahmen von einem gemeinsamen, am Kühlkörper befestigten Deckel überdeckt, wodurch eine mechanisch stabile und dicht abgeschlossene, einfach zu fertigende Anordnung erreicht wird.Preferably, on one side of the heat sink ausmundenden cylindrical receptacles are covered by a common, attached to the heat sink lid, whereby a mechanically stable and tightly sealed, easy to manufacture arrangement is achieved.
Gemäß einem weiteren bevorzugten Merkmal kann der Deckel Offnungen für den Durchtritt von elektrischen Anschlüssen der zusammengerollten Schichtaufbauten aufweisen, was die elektrische Kontaktierung und Verschaltung der Batteriezellen erleichtert .According to a further preferred feature, the lid can have openings for the passage of electrical connections of the rolled-up layer structures, which facilitates the electrical contacting and interconnection of the battery cells.
Besonders gunstig ist es ferner, wenn der Deckel die auf einer Seite des Kühlkörpers ausmundenden Kuhlmittelkanale untereinander und/oder mit deckelaußenseitigen Kuhlmittelan- schlussen verbindet. Durch entsprechende Ausgestaltung der De- ckelinnenseite kann so auf einfache Weise eine beliebige vor- defmierbare Fluidverschaltung und -speisυng der Kuhlmittelka- nale erreicht werden.It is also particularly favorable if the cover connects the coolant channels which emanate on one side of the heat sink with one another and / or with cover medium outside coolant connections. By appropriate design of the Inside the cage, any pre-definable fluid connection and feeding of the coolant channels can thus be achieved in a simple manner.
Bei Verwendung eines stranggepreßten Kühlkörpers ist es besonders günstig, wenn das Strangpreßprofil auf seinen beiden Stirnseiten mit je einem Deckel versehen ist, wodurch die Stirnmundungen der Kuhlmittelkanale des Strangpreßprofils auf jeder Seite entsprechend verschaltet, z.B. zusammengefaßt und/oder umgelenkt, werden können.When using an extruded heat sink, it is particularly advantageous if the extruded profile is provided on its two end faces, each with a lid, whereby the Stirnmundungen the Kuhlmittelkanale of the extruded profile connected on each side according to, for. summarized and / or diverted.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausfuhrungsform der Erfindung sind die zylindrischen Aufnahmen mit einer elektrisch isolierenden Beschichtung versehen, die bevorzugt in einem Kunststoff-Wirbelsmterverfahren aufgebracht ist. Mit Hilfe eines derart „vorisolierten" Kühlkörpers kann auf eine zusatz¬ liche elektrische Isolierung der eingesetzten Zellchemie- Schichtaufbauten verzichtet werden, was die Fertigung weiter vereinfacht.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the cylindrical receptacles are provided with an electrically insulating coating, which is preferably applied in a plastic spine method. With the help of such a "pre-insulated" heat sink can be dispensed with an additional ¬ Liche electrical insulation of the cell chemistry layer structures used, which further simplifies the production.
Die Erfindung schafft in einem zweiten Aspekt auch ein Batteriepack, das aus mehreren Batterieeinheiten der hier vor¬ gestellten Art zusammengesetzt ist, welche jeweils deckeiau- ßenseitige Kuhlmittelanschlüsse der genannten Art haben, wobei die Kuhlmittelanschlusse der Batterieeinheiten über ein bevorzugt steckbares Verteilerrohrsystem untereinander verbunden sind. Die Nennleistung des Batteriepacks kann auf diese Weise modular durch beliebiges Gruppieren und Verschalten von erfin- dυngsgemaßen Batterieeinheiten an unterschiedliche Anforderungen angepaßt werden.The invention provides in a second aspect, a battery pack that is composed of a plurality of battery units of the type here made before ¬ which have each deckeiau- ßenseitige Kuhlmittelanschlüsse of the type mentioned, wherein the Kuhlmittelanschlusse of the battery units are connected via a preferably pluggable manifold system with one another. The rated power of the battery pack can thus be modularly designed by arbitrary grouping and interconnecting of Düngsgemaßen battery units are adapted to different requirements.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand eines in den beigeschlossenen Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausfuhrungsbeispieles naher erläutert. In den Zeichnungen zeigt:The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the drawings shows:
Fig. 1 den Schichtaufbau einer Batteriezelle vor dem Zusammenrollen m einer teilweisen Perspektivansicht;1 shows the layer structure of a battery cell before rolling m a partial perspective view.
Fig. 2 den Schichtaufbau von Fig. 1 in zusammengerolltem Zustand;FIG. 2 shows the layer structure of FIG. 1 in the rolled-up state; FIG.
Fig. 3 den Kühlkörper einer erfindungsgemaßen Batterieein- heit in der Perspektivansicht;3 shows the heat sink of a battery unit according to the invention in perspective view;
Fig. 4 die beiden Deckel einer erfmdungsgemaßen Batterieeinheit m der Perspektivansicht;FIG. 4 shows the two covers of a battery unit m according to the invention in perspective view; FIG.
Fig. 5 eine Batterieeinheit gemäß der Erfindung in der Perspektivansicht; und5 shows a battery unit according to the invention in perspective view; and
Fig. 6 ein aus mehreren Batterieeinheiten zusammengebautes Batteriepack gemäß der Erfindung m der Perspektivansicht.6 shows a battery pack assembled from a plurality of battery units according to the invention m in perspective view.
Fig. 1 zeigt einen beispielhaften Schichtaufbau 1 üblicher Art für eine elektrochemische Batteriezelle, z.B. eine Li- thium-Ionen-Zelle, aus einzelnen flexiblen Schichten 2 mit zwischengelegten Anschlußfahnen 3 zur elektrischen Kontaktie- rung. Durch Zusammenrollen des Schichtaufbaus 1 wird ein zusammengerollter Schichtaufbau 4 mit endseitig austretenden Anschlußfahnen 3 erhalten, wie in Fig. 2 gezeigt.Fig. 1 shows an exemplary layer structure 1 of conventional type for an electrochemical battery cell, e.g. a lithium-ion cell, of individual flexible layers 2 with interposed terminal lugs 3 for electrical contacting. By rolling up the layer structure 1, a coiled layer structure 4 with terminal lugs 3 emerging at the end is obtained, as shown in FIG.
In diesem zusammengerollten Zustand besitzt der Schichtaufbau 4 nur geringe mechanische Stabilität, weil die Schich- ten 2 flexibel sind und der Schichtaufbau 4 „nackt" ist, d.h. abgesehen von einer allfalligen elektrischen Isolierung m Form einer äußeren dünnen Kunststoffbeschichtung kein mecha¬ nisch tragender Zellenmantel, wie eine Metall- oder Kunst- stoffhulse, vorgesehen ist.In this rolled-up state, the layer structure 4 has only low mechanical stability because the layers th 2 are flexible and the layer structure 4 "naked", that is, apart from a allfalligen electrical isolation m the form of a thin outer plastic coating no mecha nically ¬ bearing cells sheath, such as a metal or plastic stoffhulse is provided.
In diesem „nackten" Zustand wird der zusammengerollte Schichtaufbau 4 in zylindrische Aufnahmen 5 eines Kühlkörpers 6 aus warmeleitfahigem Material, bevorzugt Metall, eingesetzt, siehe Fig. 3. Die Aufnahmen 5 können in den Kühlkörper 6 gebohrt sein. Bevorzugt ist der Kühlkörper 6 jedoch ein Strang- preßprofil und die Aufnahmen 5 werden von Rohrprofllabschmt- ten 7 des Strangpreßprofils 6 gebildet.In this "naked" state, the rolled-up layer structure 4 is inserted into cylindrical receptacles 5 of a heat sink 6 made of thermally conductive material, preferably metal, see Fig. 3. The receptacles 5 can be drilled in the heat sink 6. Preferably, however, the heat sink 6 is a Extruded profile and the receptacles 5 are formed by tubular profile seals 7 of the extruded profile 6.
Die Aufnahmen 5 sind bevorzugt in zueinander halb versetzten Reihen angeordnet („dichteste Packung"). Die zylindrischen Aufnahmen 5 können zusätzlich innenseitig mit einer elektrisch isolierenden Beschichtung versehen werden, um die Schichtauf¬ bauten 4 gegenüber einem metallischen Kühlkörper 6 zu isolieren. Die Beschichtung wird bevorzugt in einem Kunststoff- Wirbelsinterverfahren aufgebracht, bei welchem Kunststoffgra- nulat in die einzelnen Aufnahmen 5 eingebracht wird und durch Erwarmen und Rotierenlassen des Kühlkörpers 6 auf die Innenseite der Aufnahmen 5 aufschmilzt.The receptacles 5 are preferably arranged in mutually half-staggered rows ( "dense packing"). The cylindrical housings 5 may additionally be provided on the inside with an electrically insulating coating to building the layer on ¬ to isolate 4 from a metallic heat sink 6. The coating is preferably applied in a plastic vortex sintering process, in which plastic granules are introduced into the individual receptacles 5 and melted by heating and allowing the heat sink 6 to rotate on the inside of the receptacles 5.
Zwischen den Aufnahmen 5 sind jeweils Kuhlmittelkanale 8 für ein Kuhlmittel, z.B. Kuhlflussigkeit oder Luft, vorgesehen. Die Kuhlmittelkanale 8 können ebenfalls in beliebiger Art m den Kühlkörper 6 gebohrt sein; bevorzugt verlaufen sie pa~ rallel zu und zwischen den zylindrischen Aufnahmen 5. Insbesondere werden die Kuhlmittelkanale 8 bei Fertigung des Kühlkörpers 5 als Strangpreßprofil durch die Zwischenräume zwischen den Rohrprofilabschnitten 7 gebildet.Between the receptacles 5 are each Kuhlmittelkanale 8 for a coolant, eg Kuhlflussigkeit or air, provided. The Kuhlmittelkanale 8 can also be drilled in any way m the heat sink 6; preferably they pass pa ~ Rallel to and between the cylindrical receptacles 5. In particular, the Kuhlmittelkanale 8 are formed during manufacture of the heat sink 5 as an extruded through the spaces between the tube section sections 7.
Die Kuhlmittelkanale 8 können durch Stege 9 zwischen den Rohrprofilabschnitten 7 voneinander getrennt sein, beispielsweise um nebenemanderliegende Hin- und Ruckstromungskanale zu bilden. Bei „dichtester Packung" der Rohrprofllabschnitte 8 können die Stege 9 auch entfallen.The Kuhlmittelkanale 8 may be separated by webs 9 between the tube profile sections 7 from each other, for example, to form juxtaposed return and return ducts. In "tightest packing" of Rohrprofllabschnitte 8, the webs 9 can also be omitted.
Gemäß den Fig. 4 und 5 sind die Mundungen der Aufnahmen 5 zu beiden Stirnseiten des Kühlkörpers 6 mit jeweils einem Deckel 10, 11 überdeckt bzw. abgeschlossen. Wenn die Aufnahmen 5 und Kuhlmittelkanale 8 durch Sackbohrungen im Kühlkörper 6 gebildet sind, entfallt der rückwärtige Deckel 11.According to FIGS. 4 and 5, the mouths of the receptacles 5 are covered or closed at both ends of the heat sink 6, each with a cover 10, 11. If the receptacles 5 and Kuhlmittelkanale 8 are formed by blind holes in the heat sink 6, the rear lid 11 deleted.
Der vordere Deckel 10 ist mit Offnungen 12 für den Durchtritt der Anschlußfahnen 3 bzw. daraus gebildeter elektrischer Anschlüsse versehen.The front cover 10 is provided with openings 12 for the passage of the terminal lugs 3 and electrical connections formed therefrom.
Einer oder beide Deckel 10, 11 sind auf ihren Innenseiten mit Kuhlmittelubertritten 13 zur gegenseitigen Verbindung der Kuhlmittelkanale 8 und/oder Verbindung derselben mit deckelau- ßenseitigen Kuhlmittelanschlussen 14, 15 versehen. Die Kuhl- mittelubertritte 13 können beispielsweise durch Zwischenräume zwischen Ringstutzen 16 gebildet sein, welche von den Offnungen 12 ausgehen und abdichtend auf die Rohrprofllabschnitte 8 des Kühlkörpers 6 aufsetzbar sind. Durch Stege 17 zwischen den Ringstutzen 16 kann eine beliebige Verschaltung der Kuhlmit- telkanäle 8 und Umlenkung des darin strömenden Kühlmittels erreicht werden.One or both covers 10, 11 are provided on their inner sides with Kuhlmittelubertritten 13 for mutual connection of the Kuhlmittelkanale 8 and / or connection thereof with deckelau- ßenseitigen Kuhlmittelanschlussen 14, 15. The coolant sub-steps 13 can be formed, for example, by gaps between ring stubs 16, which extend from the openings 12 and can be placed sealingly on the pipe profile sections 8 of the heat sink 6. By webs 17 between the annular nozzle 16, any interconnection of Kuhlmit- telkanäle 8 and deflection of the coolant flowing therein can be achieved.
In dem gezeigten Beispiel stellt der Kühlmittelanschluß 14 die Zufuhr und der Kühlmittelanschluß 15 die Abfuhr für Kühlmittel dar. Die Kühlmittelanschlüsse 14, 15 können auch auf verschiedenen Seiten des Kühlkörpers 6 liegen und/oder es können mehr als zwei Kühlmittelanschlüsse vorgesehen werden.In the example shown, the coolant port 14 is the supply and the coolant port 15 is the discharge for coolant. The coolant ports 14, 15 may also be located on different sides of the heat sink 6 and / or more than two coolant ports may be provided.
Fig. 5 zeigt eine aus zwölf zusammengerollten Schichtaufbauten 4, einem Kühlkörper 6 und zwei Deckeln 10, 11 zusammengebaute Batterieeinheit 18.FIG. 5 shows a battery unit 18 assembled from twelve rolled-up layer structures 4, a heat sink 6 and two covers 10, 11.
Gemäß Fig. 6 können die Kühlmittelanschlusse 14, 15 mehrerer Batterieeinheiten 18 über ein bevorzugt steckbares Verteilerrohrsystem 19 zu einem Batteriepack. 20 mit einem gemeinsamen Kühlmittelkreislauf zusammengeschaltet werden.According to FIG. 6, the coolant connections 14, 15 of a plurality of battery units 18 can be connected to a battery pack via a preferably pluggable manifold system 19. 20 are interconnected with a common coolant circuit.
Wie ersichtlich, kann durch einfaches Variieren der Länge des Kühlkörpers 6, z.B. durch Ablängen eines entsprechenden Strangpreßprofils, der Größe und Anzahl der Aufnahmen 5 mit den Schichtaufbauten 4 sowie der Anzahl von Batterieeinheiten 18 in einem Batteriepack 20 ein großes Spektrum von Leistungsanforderungen modular abgedeckt werden.As can be seen, by simply varying the length of the heat sink 6, e.g. By cutting a corresponding extruded profile, the size and number of receptacles 5 with the layer structures 4 and the number of battery units 18 in a battery pack 20 a wide range of power requirements are modularly covered.
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die dargestellten Ausführungsformen beschränkt, sondern umfaßt alle Varianten und Modifikationen, die in den Rahmen der angeschlossenen Ansprüche fallen. The invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, but includes all variants and modifications that fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

Patentansprüche : Claims:
1. Elektrische Batterieeinheit aus Batteriezellen mit jeweils zylinderförmig zusammengerolltem Schichtaufbau, gekennzeichnet durch einen Kühlkörper (6) aus warmeleitfähigem Material mit zylindrischen Aufnahmen (5), in die jeweils ein zusammengerollter Schichtaufbau (4) ohne tragenden Zellenmantel eingesetzt ist.1. Electric battery unit of battery cells, each with a cylindrical coiled layer structure, characterized by a heat sink (6) made of thermally conductive material with cylindrical receptacles (5), in each of which a coiled layer structure (4) is used without a supporting cell casing.
2. Batterieeinheit nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeich¬ net, daß der Kühlkörper (6} von Kuhlmittelkanalen {8) durch¬ setzt ist.2. Battery unit according to claim 1, characterized in ¬ net, that the heat sink (6} of Kuhlmittelkanalen {8) is set by ¬ .
3. Batterieeinheit nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kuhlmittelkanale (8) parallel zu und zwischen den zylindrischen Aufnahmen (5} verlaufen.3. Battery unit according to claim 2, characterized in that the Kuhlmittelkanale (8) parallel to and between the cylindrical receptacles (5}.
4. Batterieeinheit nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zylindrischen Aufnahmen (5) m zueinander halb versetzten Reihen angeordnet sind.4. Battery unit according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cylindrical receptacles (5) are arranged m mutually half offset rows.
5. Batterieeinheit nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis A1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kühlkörper (6) ein Strangpreß™ profil ist, in welchem die zylindrischen Aufnahmen (5) und optionalen Kuhlmittelkanale (8) durch Strangpressen ausgebildet sind.5. Battery unit according to one of claims 1 to A 1, characterized in that the cooling body (6) is an extrusion profile, in which the cylindrical receptacles (5) and optional Kuhlmittelkanale (8) are formed by extrusion.
6. Batterieeinheit nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Aufnahmen (5) von m dichter Packung nebeneinanderliegenden Rohrprofilabschnitten (7) des Strangpreßprofils gebildet sind, deren Zwischenräume die Kuhlmittelkanale (8) bilden.6. Battery unit according to claim 5, characterized in that the receptacles (5) of m dense packing adjacent tubular profile sections (7) of the extruded profile are formed, whose interstices form the Kuhlmittelkanale (8).
7. Batterieeinheit nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, da¬ durch gekennzeichnet, daß die auf einer Seite des Kühlkörpers (6) ausmündenden zylindrischen Aufnahmen (5) von einem gemeinsamen, am Kühlkörper befestigten Deckel (10, 11) überdeckt sind.7. Battery unit according to one of claims 1 to 6, since ¬ characterized in that on one side of the heat sink (6) ausmündenden cylindrical receptacles (5) by a common, attached to the heat sink lid (10, 11) are covered.
8. Batterieeinheit nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Deckel (10, 11) Offnungen (12) für den Durchtritt von elektrischen Anschlüssen (3} der zusammengerollten Schichtaufbauten (4) aufweist.8. Battery unit according to claim 7, characterized in that the cover (10, 11) has openings (12) for the passage of electrical connections (3} of the rolled-up layer structures (4).
9. Batterieeinheit nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Deckel (10, 11) die auf einer Seite des Kühlkörpers (6) ausmundenden Kuhlmittelkanale (8) untereinander und/oder mit deckelaußenseitigen Kuhlrmttelanschlussen (14, 15) verbindet.9. Battery unit according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the cover (10, 11) on one side of the heat sink (6) ausmundenden Kuhlmittelkanale (8) with each other and / or with cover-outside Kuhlrmttelanschlussen (14, 15) connects.
10. Batterieeinheit nach Anspruch 5 oder 6 xn Verbindung mit einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Strangpreßprofil auf seinen beiden Stirnseiten mit je einem Deckel (10, 11) versehen ist.10. Battery unit according to claim 5 or 6 xn connection with one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the extruded profile is provided on its two end faces, each with a lid (10, 11).
11. Batterieeinheit nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zylindrischen Aufnahmen (5) mit einer elektrisch isolierenden Beschichtung versehen sind, die bevorzugt xn einem Kunststoff-Wirbelsmterverfahren aufgebracht ist. 11. Battery unit according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the cylindrical receptacles (5) are provided with an electrically insulating coating, which is preferably applied xn a plastic-Spinalm.
12. Batteriepack, zusammengesetzt aus mehreren Batterieeinheiten nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11 mit jeweils de- ckelaußenseitigen Kuhlmittelanschlussen nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kuhlmittelanschlusse (14, 15) der Batterieeinheiten (18) über ein bevorzugt steckbares Ver- teilerrohrsystem (19) untereinander verbunden sind. 12. Battery pack, composed of a plurality of battery units according to any one of claims 1 to 11, each with dekelkelßenseitigen Kuhlmittelanschlussen according to claim 9, characterized in that the Kuhlmittelanschlusse (14, 15) of the battery units (18) via a preferably pluggable distributor tube system (19 ) are interconnected.
PCT/EP2010/053971 2009-03-27 2010-03-26 Electric battery unit WO2010109001A1 (en)

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