WO2010096949A1 - 在利用网络编码重传的系统中的解码方法和接收设备 - Google Patents

在利用网络编码重传的系统中的解码方法和接收设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010096949A1
WO2010096949A1 PCT/CN2009/000197 CN2009000197W WO2010096949A1 WO 2010096949 A1 WO2010096949 A1 WO 2010096949A1 CN 2009000197 W CN2009000197 W CN 2009000197W WO 2010096949 A1 WO2010096949 A1 WO 2010096949A1
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Prior art keywords
packet
network
soft information
decoded
packets
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PCT/CN2009/000197
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李纪
胡中骥
汪勇刚
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Nokia Shanghai Bell Co Ltd
Alcatel Lucent SAS
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Alcatel Lucent Shanghai Bell Co Ltd
Alcatel Lucent SAS
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Application filed by Alcatel Lucent Shanghai Bell Co Ltd, Alcatel Lucent SAS filed Critical Alcatel Lucent Shanghai Bell Co Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2009/000197 priority Critical patent/WO2010096949A1/zh
Priority to CN200980155154.5A priority patent/CN102292926B/zh
Publication of WO2010096949A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010096949A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L2001/0092Error control systems characterised by the topology of the transmission link
    • H04L2001/0093Point-to-multipoint

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mobile communication system. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method of decoding a packet in a receiving device of a communication system that implements multicast retransmission using network coding, and a receiving device capable of improving decoding performance by using soft combining at the time of decoding, and saving Retransmit resources.
  • Background technique
  • the transmitting device e.g., base station or relay station
  • the transmitting device multicasts the packets (P1, P2, ...) to the receiving devices 1 and 2 (e.g., mobile terminals).
  • the two error packets (the simplest network coding method) at different receiving devices are XORed into one packet P1 ® P2 and re-transmitted.
  • the XOR packet can be network decoded by XORing with the previously successfully received packet. For example, at the receiving device 1, P1 can be decoded by XORing the correctly decoded P2 with PI® P2. At the receiving device 2, P2 can be decoded by XORing the correctly decoded P1 with P1® P2.
  • the retransmitted P1 may be soft combined with the previously received version to obtain more accurate soft information to improve channel decoding performance.
  • NRC network coded
  • the present invention has been made in order to overcome the above drawbacks of network code retransmission. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for decoding a packet in a receiving device of a communication system that implements multicast retransmission using network coding, and a receiving device capable of improving decoding performance by using soft combining at the time of decoding, and saving Retransmitted resources.
  • a method for decoding a packet in a receiving device of a communication system that implements multicast retransmission using network coding comprising: receiving a packet transmitted from a transmitting device; a coding indicator bit included in the received packet, determining whether the received packet is a network coded packet; if it is determined that the received packet is a network coded packet, determining two packets constituting the network coded packet Whether there is a packet to be decoded in the packet; and if it is determined that there are packets to be decoded among the two packets constituting the network-coded packet, the respective soft information of the two packets constituting the network-coded packet and the network The soft information of the encoded packet is soft combined and the packet to be decoded is decoded.
  • the correctly decoded packet is stored.
  • the packet to be decoded is not correctly decoded, then requesting retransmission of the packet to be decoded continues.
  • the soft information of the uncoordinated single retransmission packet is soft merged with the soft information of the previously received corresponding packet, And decoding the single network retransmitted packet that is not network coded.
  • the correctly decoded packet is stored.
  • the received unrecoded single retransmission packet is not correctly decoded, then requesting retransmission of the uncoordinated single retransmission packet is continued.
  • the network-encoded packet is discarded if it is determined that there are no packets to be decoded in the two packets constituting the packet encoded.
  • the step of soft combining the soft information of the two packets constituting the network coded packet and the soft information of the network coded packet comprises: reading the stored two packets constituting the network coded packet a respective estimated soft information of the packet, the estimated soft information being output soft information obtained by previously performing channel decoding on the received two packets respectively; acquiring, for the currently received network-coded packet Initial soft information; and pre-processing the read estimated soft information for the two packets and the obtained initial soft information for the network-coded packet, and inputting the pre-processed result into the channel Decoder to decode the packet to be decoded directly.
  • the step of soft combining the soft information of the two packets constituting the network coded packet and the soft information of the network coded packet includes: reading two previously stored packets constituting the network coded packet The last iteration value of the respective feedback information of the group, the last iteration value of the feedback information is the output feedback value obtained by previously performing channel decoding on the received two packets respectively; obtaining for the currently received Determining initial soft information of the network coded packet; preprocessing the last iteration value of the read feedback information for the two packets, and obtaining the preprocessed result and the obtained network for the network
  • the initial soft information of the encoded packet is input to a channel decoder for channel decoding the network coded packet, and 'network decoding the packet to be decoded.
  • the step of soft combining the soft information of the two packets constituting the network coded packet and the soft information of the network coded packet comprises: reading the stored two packets constituting the network coded packet a respective estimated soft information of the packet, the estimated soft information being output soft information obtained by previously performing channel decoding on the received two packets respectively; acquiring, for the currently received network-coded packet Initial soft information; pre-processing the read estimated soft information for the two packets and the obtained initial soft information for the network-coded packet, and inputting the pre-processed result into the channel decoding Means for channel decoding the network coded packet, And performing network decoding on the packet to be decoded.
  • the soft information is a log-bit likelihood ratio for each bit in the packet.
  • the network coding is an exclusive OR operation.
  • the receiving device is a mobile terminal
  • the transmitting device is a base station, a relay station or a mobile terminal.
  • a receiving device for a communication system for implementing multicast retransmission using network coding comprising: a receiving device that receives a packet transmitted from a transmitting device; and a first determining device, according to the received a coding indicator bit included in the packet, determining whether the received packet is a network-encoded packet; and second determining means, if it is determined that the received packet is a network-encoded packet, determining that the network coding is formed Whether there are packets to be decoded among the two packets of the packet; and soft combining and decoding means, if it is determined that there are packets to be decoded among the two packets constituting the network-coded packet, then two of the packets constituting the network coding are The respective soft information of the packet and the soft information of the network coded packet are soft combined, and the packet to be decoded is decoded.
  • the receiving device further comprises: a packet storage device, if the packet to be decoded is correctly decoded, storing the correctly decoded packet.
  • the receiving device further comprises: a retransmission requesting device, if the packet to be decoded is not correctly decoded, continuing to request retransmission of the packet to be decoded.
  • the soft combining and decoding apparatus soft information of the uncoordinated single retransmission packet with the previously received corresponding packet The soft information is soft merged and the single network-recoded single retransmission packet is decoded.
  • the packet storage device stores the correctly decoded packet.
  • the retransmission requesting device continues to request retransmission of the uncoordinated single retransmission packet.
  • the receiving device further comprises: a packet discarding device, discarding the network-coded packet if it is determined that there are no packets to be decoded in the two packets constituting the network-encoded packet.
  • said soft combining and decoding means comprises: reading means for reading respective stored estimated soft information for two packets constituting the network coded packet, said estimated soft information being previously received Outputting soft information obtained by performing channel decoding on two packets respectively; acquiring means for obtaining initial soft information for the currently received network-coded packet; and pre-processing means for reading the Pre-processing of the respective estimated soft information of the two packets and the obtained initial soft information for the network-coded packet; and a channel decoder for inputting the result of the pre-processing and directly decoding the packet to be decoded .
  • the soft combining and decoding device comprises: a reading device, reading a previously stored last feedback value of respective feedback information for two packets constituting the network coded packet, the last iteration value of the feedback information Is an output feedback value obtained by previously performing channel decoding on the received two packets respectively; acquiring means, acquiring initial soft information for the currently received network-coded packet; Reading the last iteration value of the respective feedback information for the two packets for preprocessing; a channel decoder for inputting the result of the preprocessing and the obtained initial soft information for the network coded packet, And performing channel decoding on the network coded packet; and network decoding means, configured to perform network decoding on the packet to be decoded.
  • said soft combining and decoding means comprises: reading means for reading respective stored estimated soft information for two packets constituting the network coded packet, said estimated soft information being previously received Deriving means for obtaining initial soft information for the currently received network-coded packet; and pre-processing means for reading the two Pre-processing of the respective estimated soft information of the packets and the obtained initial soft information for the network-coded packets; a channel decoder for inputting the result of the pre-processing, and performing the network-coded packet Channel decoding; and network decoding means for performing network decoding on the packet to be decoded.
  • 1 is a schematic diagram of network coded multicast retransmission without soft combining
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of network coded multicast retransmission using soft combining according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram of a method for decoding a packet in a mobile terminal of a communication system implementing multicast retransmission using network coding according to the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a mobile terminal of a communication system for implementing multicast retransmission using network coding in accordance with the present invention
  • Figure 5a is a block diagram showing channel decoding for a single new packet
  • Figure 5b is a block diagram showing a soft combining and decoding apparatus utilizing classical merging for a single retransmission packet
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a soft combining and decoding apparatus for implementing Policy 1 for network coded packets in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a soft combining and decoding apparatus for implementing Policy 2 for network coded packets in accordance with the present invention
  • Figure 8 is a block diagram of a soft combining and decoding apparatus for implementing policy 3 for network coded packets in accordance with the present invention
  • Figure 9 is a simulation graph illustrating the performance of network coding soft combining in accordance with the present invention. detailed description
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of network coded retransmission with soft combining in accordance with the present invention.
  • network coding soft combining is the basic principle of using MAP (Maximum A Posteriori Probability Criterion) using received packets P1, P2 and network-coded packets PI @ P2.
  • MAP Maximum A Posteriori Probability Criterion
  • the received P1, P2 are the two packets constituting the received network-encoded packet PI ⁇ ⁇ 2.
  • the symbol X denotes P1, that is, the packet to be decoded by the receiving device 1, which is erroneous in the last transmission, and P2 is erroneous at the receiving device 2.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of a method of decoding a packet in a mobile terminal of a communication system that implements multicast retransmission using network coding in accordance with the present invention.
  • the mobile terminal receives the packet from the base station at the new packet time interval.
  • the mobile terminal reads the coded indication bit included in the received packet.
  • the received packet is a single packet that is not network coded, it can be divided into the following two cases:
  • the symbol likelihood is calculated by the classical MAP detection by the received packet P1 and the bit likelihood ratio (LLR) is further calculated.
  • the log likelihood likelihood of the symbol can be obtained by equation (2) - Where is the ith possible value of the symbol under the current modulation type (eg BPSK, QPS, 16QAM, 64QAM, etc.). h' is an estimate of the channel. ⁇ is the variance of the noise is the signal to noise ratio.
  • the bit sequence transmitted by the transmitting device (which may be a base station, 'may be a relay station, and may be a mobile terminal) is assumed to be equally probable For:
  • Figure 5a shows a block diagram of channel decoding for a single new packet.
  • the likelihood sequence is input to the channel decoder.
  • the following output is obtained:
  • fe), l,... w , ie estimated soft information;
  • output (4) n bits of feedback w The last iteration value, the output feedback value.
  • Output (1) is not required for subsequent processing and is therefore not shown in Figure 5a.
  • a CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) bit check is performed on the output (2). If the CRC check is consistent, the output (2) is stored, and the output (3) and output (4) are discarded. If the CRC check is inconsistent, the output (3) and the output (4) are stored in a storage device for subsequent processing, such as the soft combining process of the present invention, and the mobile terminal feeds back a negative acknowledgement NACK to the base station requesting retransmission of the current packet. .
  • the entire process of the above case 1.1 is a general process known in the art. In FIG. 3, if the same packet that was previously received (which is a single new packet received) is retrieved in step 317, step 305 directly proceeds to step 319, and details are not described herein again. Case 1. 2: The single packet received is a single retransmission packet
  • step 317 if it is determined that a single packet is received, and in step 317, a version previously received by the same packet is searched (indicating that the received single packet is a single retransmission packet), then a classic soft merge is performed, ie The soft information of the single network retransmitted packet that is not network coded is soft combined with the soft information of the corresponding received packet.
  • Figure 5b is a block diagram showing a soft combining and decoding apparatus utilizing classical merging for a single retransmission packet.
  • LLR (s) (LLR, (S) + LLR 2 (s)) /2 (4)
  • the result is input to equation (3), and the obtained bit likelihood sequence (initial soft information) is input to the channel decoder, performing channel decoding and performing hard decision.
  • the CRC bits of the packet are checked.
  • the output (2) is stored.
  • the outputs (3) and (4) are saved for subsequent processing, such as the soft combining process of the present invention, and the mobile terminal sends a NACK to the base station, requiring again The current packet is passed as long as the number of retransmissions does not exceed the predetermined threshold.
  • step 307 it is judged whether or not there are two packets to be decoded in the two packets constituting the network-encoded packet, which are classified into the following two cases.
  • the mobile terminal After the mobile terminal determines that the received packet is a network-encoded packet, the mobile terminal continues to read the network coding coefficients to identify which original packets the network-coded packet consists of, and thereby determine two of the packets that constitute the network-encoded packet. Whether there are packets to be decoded in the packets. At step 309, if it is determined that both packets constituting the network-encoded packet have been correctly decoded, the network-encoded packet is discarded to simplify the receiving process. Case 2. 2: There are packets to be decoded in the two packets that make up the network-encoded packet.
  • step 311 if it is determined that there are packets to be decoded among the two packets constituting the network-coded packet, soft information of each of the two packets constituting the network-coded packet and soft information of the network-coded packet Soft combining is performed, and the packet to be decoded is decoded, which will be combined later with a soft combining and decoding device for implementing soft combining and decoding processes for policies 1, 2 and 3 of network coded packets. Make a detailed description.
  • the decoded packet is subjected to a CRC check to determine if the decoding is correct.
  • step 315 if the decoding is correct, the correctly decoded packet is stored.
  • 4 is a block diagram of a mobile terminal of a communication system that implements multicast retransmission using network coding in accordance with the present invention.
  • the mobile terminal includes: a receiving device 401, a first judging device 403, a second judging device 405, a soft combining and decoding device 407, a packet storage device 409, a retransmission requesting device 411, and a packet discarding. Device 413.
  • the receiving device 401 receives the packet from the base station.
  • the first judging means 403 judges whether or not the received packet is a network-encoded packet based on the encoding indication bit included in the received packet. If it is judged that the received packet is a network-encoded packet, the second judging means 405 judges whether or not there is a packet to be decoded among the two packets constituting the network-encoded packet.
  • the soft combining and decoding means 407 softens the soft information of the two packets constituting the network-coded packet and the soft-coded packet. The information is soft merged and the packet to be decoded is decoded. If it is determined that the received packet is a single retransmission packet that is not network coded, the soft combining and decoding means 407 softens the soft information of the unrecoded single retransmission packet with the soft information of the previously received corresponding packet. Merging, and decoding the unrecoded single retransmission packet.
  • the packet storage device 409 stores the correctly decoded packet. If the received unrecoded single retransmission packet is correctly decoded, the packet storage device 409 stores the correctly decoded packet. If the packet to be decoded among the two packets constituting the network-encoded packet is not correctly decoded, the retransmission requesting means 411 continues to request retransmission of the packet to be decoded. If the received uncocoded single retransmission packet is not correctly decoded, the retransmission requesting device 411 continues to request retransmission of the uncoordinated single retransmission packet.
  • the packet discarding means 413 discards the network-encoded packet.
  • the softening of strategies 1, 2, 3 for implementing network-coded packets when determining that a received packet is a network-encoded packet will be described below with reference to Figures 6, 7, and 8, respectively.
  • the previously received packets P1, P2 and the newly received retransmitted network-encoded packet can be used.
  • Pl the following soft combining strategies can also be used when both P1 and P2 forming the previous transmission are wrong.
  • Table 1 shows all possible values for , , and 2 .
  • the numerator of the above equation contains the probability of the following two rows, and the denominator contains the probability of the above two rows.
  • the a priori soft information is estimated by the soft information Hfe) and
  • the estimated information iJW sum is the channel decoding of the previously received packets P1 and P2.
  • the soft combining and decoding apparatus implementing the strategy 1 includes: a reading apparatus that reads the stored estimates of the respective m bits of the two packets P1 and P2 constituting the network-coded packet P1@P2.
  • Soft information and i?, (), the estimated soft information Hfo) and ⁇ , () is the output soft information (3) obtained after channel decoding of the received two packets P1 and P2 respectively; Obtaining means (equation (2) and equation (3)), acquiring m-bit current soft information ⁇ ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 ) for the currently received network-coded packet P14 P2, ie initial soft information; pre-processing device Equation (5)), And the initial soft information LL?(6, ffi2 ) of the network coded packet PI®P2 is preprocessed, and the bit-preprocessed m-bit Jj?" soft information sequence input channel decoder; and channel decoding The channel is directly decoded by the pre-processed result ZZT( ) for the packet P1 to be decoded.
  • the input of the channel decoder for P1 is derived from Equation (5).
  • the soft packet sequence of the entire packet is input to the channel decoder, and after channel decoding and hard decision on P1, n bits of "0" or "1" data bits are obtained, and CRC check is performed on the P1 data bits. . If the CRC check is consistent, the P1 data bits are stored. If the CRC check is still inconsistent, the mobile terminal sends a NACK requesting that the PI be retransmitted again.
  • equation (6) is transformed into:
  • the log-bit likelihood ratio of the derived network-coded packet includes the prior probability of the sum of 3 ⁇ 41 , so it is lost; l + exp( fe)+ fe)) 1 2
  • the soft combining and decoding apparatus implementing the soft combining and decoding process of Strategy 2 includes: a reading device that reads the stored feedback for two packets P1 and P2 constituting the network-coded packet P1®P2.
  • the last iteration of the information value w' nM fo), the last iteration values of the feedback information M fe) and ⁇ ,) are the output feedback values obtained by previously performing channel decoding on the received two packets P1 and P2 respectively ( Output (4)); acquires the device (Equation (2) and Equation (3)), and obtains the m-bit current soft information LLR(b W2 ) for the packet PI ® ⁇ 2 of the currently received ⁇ network code, that is, the initial Soft information; preprocessing device (Equation 7), two packets P1 and P2 W, (pretreatment, and the result of the preprocessing w (2) input channel decoder; channel decoder, using the result of the preprocessing w fe ffi2) and the network have been encoded packets P14 P2 initial soft information [zeta] ( ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 ;), performing channel decoding on the network-encoded packet PI ⁇ 2, obtaining a data bit sequence of PI ⁇ 2 after hard
  • Equation (8) LL R m )-LLR ⁇ bm2 ) + lo gp( J (8)
  • Equation (8- a) The max approximation algorithm.
  • the soft combining and decoding device implementing strategy 3 includes: a reading device that reads the stored packet PIs that constitute the network coded ® P2 two packets P1 and P2 respective m-bit estimated soft information Ji? ⁇ ) and ?'(), the estimated soft information '(b 2 ) is output soft information (3) obtained by previously performing channel decoding on the received two packets P1 and P2, respectively; acquiring means (equations (2) and (3)), Obtaining m-bit current soft information ⁇ ( ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 ;) for the currently received network-encoded packet P1®P2, ie initial soft information; pre-processing device (etc.
  • Equation (8) pre-processing the read m-bit estimated soft information and zJ?'), and the network-coded packet PI ® P2 initial soft information J?( 2 ), and pre-processing
  • the result is £ ⁇ , ( ⁇ 2 ) input channel decoder; channel decoder, using the pre-processed result ⁇ ,, ( 2 ) to perform channel decoding on the network-encoded packet PI @ P2, and obtain PI after hard decision a data bit sequence of the P2; and a network decoding device (the XOR device shown in FIG. 8), and the data bit sequence of the network-coded packet P1 @P2 is XORed with the data bit sequence of the P2 to be decoded.
  • the packet P1 data bit sequence is subjected to network decoding.
  • the P1 data bit sequence is CRC checked. If the CRC check is consistent, the P1 data bit sequence is stored. If the CRC check is still inconsistent, the mobile terminal sends a NACK requesting that Pl be retransmitted again.
  • FIG. 9 is a simulation graph illustrating the performance of network coding soft combining in accordance with the present invention. The simulation results of strategies 1-3 are shown in Fig.
  • NC ARQ is a method for realizing multicast retransmission without packet softening using a network-encoded packet, which is a prior application filed by the applicant in the prior art, PCT/International Application PCT/ The scheme presented in CN2008/001442.
  • the conventional HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request) shown in Figure 9 is a classic soft combining of a single retransmission packet.
  • the NC HARQ of the present invention is superior to the NC ARQ below the lower SNR value below 2 db. Between -2.5 and -1.2db, the NC HARQ of the present invention is even superior to conventional HARQ.
  • the NC HARQ of the present invention is superior to the NC ARQ by about 2.4 dB, and is only about 0.3 dB lower than the conventional HARQ, while saving half of the transmission resources in the retransmission period. If you use an approximation algorithm, you only need to increase the amount of calculations before the channel decoder.
  • the management module only includes the maximum calculation and addition and subtraction operations.
  • the approximation algorithm performance is about 0.5 dB lower than the exact algorithm, which is not shown in the simulation diagram.
  • the reception performance of about 1. 9 dB over the NC ARQ can be obtained with the same transmission resource.

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Description

在利用网络编码重传的系统中的解码方法和接收设备
技术领域
本发明涉及移动通信系统。 更具体地, 本发明涉及一种在利用网 络编码实现组播重传的通信系统的接收设备中对分组进行解码的方法 以及接收设备, 能够在解码时利用软合并来提高解码性能, 并节省了 重传资源。 背景技术
在 LTE (长期演进) 和 802. 16标准中, 定义了组播服务的重传, 但是现在并未决定详细的重传策略。 在组播传输中, 存在的致命问题 在于重传率非常高, 这占用了太多资源。 在本申请人于 2008年 8月 7日 递交的 PCT国际申请 PCT/CN2008/001442中, 提出了一种利用网络编码 的有效组播重传策略。其基本概念如图 1所示, 发送设备(例如基站或 中继站) 将分组 (Pl、 P2、 ……) 组播传输到接收设备 1和 2 (例如移 动终端)。在接收设备 1处通过 CRC校验判断出 P1发生错误,而在接收设 备 2处判断出 P2发生错误。然后,将在不同接收设备处的两个错误分组 (最简单的网络编码方式) 异或为一个分组 P1 ® P2并重新进行组播传 输。 在接收侧, 可以通过与前面成功接收到的分组进行异或运算, 可 以对异或的分组进行网络解码。例如, 在接收设备 1处, 可以通过将正 确解码的 P2与 PI ® P2进行异或运算来对 P1进行解码。 在接收设备 2处, 可以通过将正确解码的 P1与 P1 ® P2进行异或运算来对 P2进行解码。
通过该网络编码组播重传策略, 可以在该轮重传中节省 50 %的重 传资源。 然而, 对于正常重传策略, 可以将所重传的 P1与前面所接收 到的版本进行软合并以获得更为精确的软信息以改善信道解码性能。 但是对于网络编码 (NC) 的重传分组, 其无法直接进行软合并。 如果 针对一个已网络编码的分组, CRC校验为不一致,则丢弃该分组而不进 行软合并。 这使得资源节省低于 50 %。 实际上, 本申请的申请人发现 在该已网络编码的分组中存在新信息。 将该已网络编码的分组与前面 接收到的单个分组进行软合并可能解得所需要的分组。 由此, 根据本 发明, 可以针对网络编码后的信息设计一些特定的软合并方式。
目前还没有采用网络编码后的组播重传, 也就是, 不存在现有最 佳方案。 本发明中设计的针对网络编码组播重传策略的软合并算法将 改善网络编码重传策略的性能, 因而使得该策略更为实用。 发明内容
为了克服网络编码重传的上述缺陷提出了本发明。 因此, 本发明 的目的是提出一种在利用网络编码实现组播重传的通信系统的接收设 备中对分组进行解码的方法以及接收设备, 能够在解码时利用软合并 来提高解码性能, 并节省了重传资源。
为了实现上述目的, 根据本发明, 提出了一种在利用网络编码实 现组播重传的通信系统的接收设备中对分组进行解码的方法, 包括: 接收从发送设备发送来的分组; 根据所接收到的分组中所包括的编码 指示位, 判断所接收到的分组是否为已网络编码的分组; 如果断定所 接收到的分组是已网络编码的分组, 则判断构成已网络编码的分组的 两个分组中是否存在要解码的分组; 以及如果断定构成已网络编码的 分组的两个分组中存在要解码的分组, 则对构成已网络编码的分组的 两个分组各自的软信息和所述已网络编码的分组的软信息进行软合 并, 并对所述要解码的分组进行解码。
优选地, 如果所述要解码的分组被正确解码, 则存储该正确解码 后的分组。
优选地, 如果所述要解码的分组未被正确解码, 则继续请求对所 述要解码的分组的重传。
优选地, 如果断定所接收到的分组为未网络编码的单个重传分 组, 则对所述未网络编码的单个重传分组的软信息与先前所接收到的 相应分组的软信息进行软合并, 并对所述未网络编码的单个重传分组 进行解码。
优选地, 如果所接收到的未网络编码的单个重传分组被正确解 码, 则存储该正确解码后的分组。 ' 优选地, 如果所接收到的未网络编码的单个重传分组未被正确解 码, 则继续请求对所述未网络编码的单个重传分组的重传。
优选地, 如果断定构成已网^编码的分组的两个分组中不存在要 解码的分组, 则丢弃所述已网络编码的分组。
优选地, 对构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组各自的软信息和所 述已网络编码的分组的软信息进行软合并的步骤包括: 读取存储的针 对构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组的各自的估计软信息, 所述估计 软信息是先前对接收到的所述两个分组分别进行信道解码后所获得的 输出软信息; 获取针对当前接收到的所述已网络编码的分组的初始软 信息; 以及对所读取的针对所述两个分组的各自的估计软信息和所获 取的针对所述已网络编码的分组的初始软信息进行预处理, 并将预处 理的结果输入信道解码器, 以便直接对要解码的分组进行解码。
优选地, 对构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组各自的软信息和所 述已网络编码的分组的软信息进行软合并的步骤包括: 读取先前存储 的针对构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组的各自的反馈信息最后一次 迭代值, 所述反馈信息最后一次迭代值是先前对接收到的所述两个分 组分别进行信道解码后所获得的输出反馈值; 获取针对当前接收到的 所述已网络编码的分组的初始软信息; 对所读取的针对所述两个分组 的各自的反馈信息最后一次迭代值进行预处理, 并将预处理的结果和 所获取的针对所述已网络编码的分组的初始软信息输入信道解码器, 以便对所述已网络编码的分组进行信道解码, '并对所述要解码的分组 进行网络解码。
优选地, 对构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组各自的软信息和所 述已网络编码的分组的软信息进行软合并的步骤包括: 读取存储的针 对构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组的各自的估计软信息, 所述估计 软信息是先前对接收到的所述两个分组分别进行信道解码后所获得的 输出软信息; 获取针对当前接收到的所述已网络编码的分组的初始软 信息; 对所读取的针对所述两个分组的各自的估计软信息和所获取的 针对所述已网络编码的分组的初始软信息进行预处理, 并将预处理的 结果输入信道解码器, 以便对所述已网络编码的分组进行信道解码, 并对所述要解码的分组进行网络解码。
优选地, 所述软信息为针对分组中每个比特的对数比特似然率。 优选地, 所述网络编码为异或运算。
.优选地, 所述接收设备是移动终端, 并且所述发送设备是基站、 中继站或者移动终端。
另外, 根据本发明, 还提出了一种在利用网络编码实现组播重传 的通信系统的接收设备, 包括: 接收装置, 接收从发送设备发送来的 分组; 第一判断装置, 根据所接收到的分组中所包括的编码指示位, 判断所接收到的分组是否为已网络编码的分组; 第二判断装置, 如果 断定所接收到的分组是已网络编码的分组, 则判断构成已网络编码的 分组的两个分组中是否存在要解码的分组; 以及软合并和解码装置, 如果断定构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组中存在要解码的分组, 则 对构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组各自的软信息和所述已网络编码 的分组的软信息进行软合并, 并对所述要解码的分组进行解码。
优选地, 所述接收设备还包括: 分组存储装置, 如果所述要解码 的分组被正确解码, 则存储该正确解码后的分组。
优选地, 所述接收设备还包括: 重传请求装置, 如果所述要解码 的分组未被正确解码, 则继续请求对所述要解码的分组的重传。
优选地, 如果断定所接收到的分组为未网络编码的单个重传分 组, 则所述软合并和解码装置对所述未网络编码的单个重传分组的软 信息与先前所接收到的相应分组的软信息进行软合并, 并对所述未网 络编码的单个重传分组进行解码。
优选地, 如果所接收到的未网络编码的单个重传分组被正确解 码, 则所述分组存储装置存储该正确解码后的分组。
优选地, 如果所接收到的未网络编码的单个重传分组未被正确解 码, 则所述重传请求装置继续请求对所述未网络编码的单个重传分组 的重传。
优选地, 所述接收设备还包括: 分组丢弃装置, 如果断定构成已 网络编码的分组的两个分组中不存在要解码的分组, 则丢弃所述已网 络编码的分组。 优选地, 所述软合并和解码装置包括: 读取装置, 读取存储的针 对构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组的各自的估计软信息, 所述估计 软信息是先前对接收到的所述两个分组分别进行信道解码后所获得的 输出软信息; 获取装置, 获取针对当前接收到的所述已网络编码的分 组的初始软信息; 以及预处理装置, 对所读取的针对所述两个分组的 各自的估计软信息和所获取的针对所述已网络编码的分组的初始软信 息进行预处理; 以及信道解码器, 用于输入预处理的结果并直接对要 解码的分组进行解码。
优选地, 所述软合并和解码装置包括: 读取装置, 读取先前存储 的针对构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组的各自的反馈信息最后一次 迭代值, 所述反馈信息最后一次迭代值是先前对接收到的所述两个分 组分别进行信道解码后所获得的输出反馈值; 获取装置, 获取针对当 前接收到的所述已网络编码的分组的初始软信息; 预处理装置, 对所 读取的针对所述两个分组的各自的反馈信息最后一次迭代值进行预处 理; 信道解码器, 用于输入预处理的结果和所获取的针对所述已网络 编码的分组的初始软信息,并对所述已网络编码的分组进行信道解码; 以及网络解码装置, 用于对所述要解码的分组进行网络解码。
优选地, 所述软合并和解码装置包括: 读取装置, 读取存储的针 对构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组的各自的估计软信息, 所述估计 软信息是先前对接收到的所述两个分组分别进行信道解码后所获得的 输出软信息; 获取装置, 获取针对当前接收到的所述已网络编码的分 组的初始软信息; 预处理装置, 对所读取的针对所述两个分组的各自 的估计软信息和所获取的针对所述已网络编码的分组的初始软信息进 行预处理; 信道解码器, 用于输入预处理的结果, 并对所述已网络编 码的分组进行信道解码; 以及网络解码装置, 用于对所述要解码的分 组进行网络解码。
另外, 根据本发明, 还提出了一种包括发送设备和上述接收设备 的通信系统。 附图说明 通过参考以下结合附图对所釆用的优选实施例的详细描述, 本发 明的上述目的、 优点和特征将变得显而易见, 其中:
图 1是没有软合并的网络编码组播重传的示意图;
图 2是根据本发明的采用软合并的网络编码组播重传的示意图; 图 3是根据本发明的在利用网络编码实现组播重传的通信系统的 移动终端中对分组进行解码的方法的流程图;
图 4是根据本发明的在利用网络编码实现组播重传的通信系统的 移动终端的方框图;
图 5a是示出了针对单个新分组的信道解码的方框图;
图 5b是示出了针对单个重传分组的利用经典合并的软合并和解 码装置的方框图;
图 6是根据本发明的用于实现针对已网络编码的分组的策略 1的 软合并和解码装置的方框图;
图 7是根据本发明的用于实现针对已网络编码的分组的策略 2的 软合并和解码装置的方框图;
图 8是根据本发明的用于实现针对已网络编码的分组的策略 3的 软合并和解码装置的方框图; 以及
图 9是说明根据本发明的网络编码软合并的性能的仿真曲线图。 具体实施方式
下面将结合附图来详细描述本发明的优选实施例。
图 2是根据本发明的釆用软合并的网络编码重传的示意图。
如图 2所示, 根据本发明, 作为示例, 针对 UE1 , 网络编码软合并 是使用接收到的分组 Pl、 P2和已网络编码的分组 PI @ P2由 MAP (最大后 验概率准则) 的基本原理来估计 Pl。 在接收设备 1处, 所接收到的 Pl、 P2是构成所接收到的已网络编码的分组 PI Θ Ρ2的两个分组。 这里, 作 为示例, 在接收设备 1处, 符号 X表示 Pl, 即接收设备 1要解码的分组, 在上次传输中错误, 而 P2在接收设备 2处错误。在重传过程中, 为节省 传输资源, 将 Pl、 P2通过 P1 ® P2在一个分组内重传给 UE1和 UE2。 因此, 需要利用根据本发明的软合并方式来对其进行解码。 下面将主要针对 PI的解码过程来对本发明进行示例性描述。 图 3是根据本发明的在利用网络编码实现组播重传的通信系统的 移动终端中对分组进行解码的方法的流程图。
如图 3所示, 在步骤 301, 在新分组时间间隔, 移动终端从基站接 收分组。在步骤 303,移动终端读取接收到的分组中所包括的编码指示 位。在步骤 305 ,根据所接收到的分组中所包括的编码指示位来判断所 接收到的分组是否为已网络编码的分组。
如果所接收到的分组为未网络编码的单个分组, 可以分为以下两 种情况:
情况 1. 1 : 所接收到的单个分组 P1是新分组
如果接收到的分组是新到达的分组, 则通过接收到的分组 P1利用 经典 MAP检测来计算符号似然率和进一步计算比特似然率 (LLR)。
对于已经经过了瑞利衰落信道的一个接收到的分组, 在该分组中 的一个接收到的符号是- y = hs + n
该符号的对数符号似然率可通过等式 (2)得到-
Figure imgf000009_0001
其中, 是在当前调制类型 (如 BPSK, QPS , 16QAM, 64QAM等) 下的该符号的第 i个可能值。 h' 是信道的估计。 σ是噪声的方差 是信噪比。
因此, 在该符号中的比特 j的对数比特似然率是:
Figure imgf000009_0002
由于之前还未接收到 , 由发送设备 (可以是基站, '也可以是中 继站, 并且可以是移动终端) 发送的比特序列被假定为等概率的, 因 为:
log∑exp(iZR(S,.))- log W(I R(Sl )
Figure imgf000010_0001
图 5a示出了针对单个新分组的信道解码的方框图。 在通过以上操 作得到分组 P1的各比特的似然率 z ? ) (初始软信息)之后, 将该似 然率序列输入到信道解码器。 在信道解码后, 可得到如下输出: 输出 (1): ri比特的用户数据的 LLR软信息; 输出(2) : 对(1)进行硬判决得 到的 匕特的 "0"或 " 1 " 用户数据 输出(3) : m比特 (m>n) 所有编码位的软信息估计值 ?|fe), = l,...w, 即估计软信息;输出(4) : n比特的反馈量 w的最后一次迭代值, 即输出反馈值。输出(1)在后续处 理不需使用, 因此在图 5a中没有标出。 对输出(2)进行 CRC (循环冗余 校验) 比特校验。如果 CRC校验为一致, 则存储输出(2), 丢弃输出(3) 和输出(4)。 如果 CRC校验为不一致, 则将输出(3)和输出(4)存储在存 储装置以备后续处理, 例如本发明的软合并处理, 且该移动终端向基 站反馈否定应答 NACK要求重传当前分组。上述情况 1. 1的整个过程是本 领域已知的一般性过程。 在图 3中, 如在步骤 317检索到无先前接收到 的同一分组 (其为接收到的单个新分组), 则由步骤 305直接进入步骤 319, 对此不再赘述。 情况 1. 2 : 所接收到的单个分组是单个重传分组
如图 3所示, 如果判定接收到的是单个分组, 且在步骤 317搜索到 有相同分组先前接收到的版本 (表明接收到的单个分组为单个重传分 组),则执行经典软合并, 即对所述未网络编码的单个重传分组的软信 息与先前所接收到的相应分组的软信息进行软合并。
图 5b是示出了针对单个重传分组的利用经典合并的软合并和解 码装置的方框图。
如图 5b所示, 首先计算平均对数符号似然率: LLR (s) = (LLR, (S) + LLR2 (s)) /2 (4)
然后,使用该新 ΖΖ^ϊ来通过等式(3 )产生 Ζϋφ) (初始软信息), 其中 LL (s)是针对当前接收到的分组 PI中的符号的似然率, 而 LLR2 (s) 是所存储的先前接收到的相同分组 PI的符号的似然率。
在逐符号进行软合并之后, 结果输入等式(3), 获得的比特似然 率序列(初始软信息)输入信道解码器, 执行信道解码和进行硬判决。 然后, 在步骤 319, 校验该分组的 CRC比特。 在步骤 321, 如果该 CRC校 验是一致的, 则存储输出(2)。 在步骤 323和 325, 如果 CRC校验仍然为 不一致的, 则保存输出(3)和(4)以备后续处理, 例如本发明的软合并 处理, 且该移动终端向基站发送 NACK, 要求再次重传当前的分组, 只 要重传次数未超过预定的阈值。 如果断定所接收到的分组是已网络编码的分组, 则在步骤 307, 则判断构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组中是否存在要解码的分组, 这分为以下两种情况
情况 2. 1 构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组中不存在要解码的分 组
在移动终端断定接收到的分组是已网络编码的分组的之后, 则移 动终端继续读取网络编码系数来识别该已网络编码的分组由哪些原始 分组构成, 进而判断构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组中是否存在要 解码的分组。在步骤 309,如果断定构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组 均已经被正确解码,则丢弃该已网络编码的分组, 以便简化接收过程。 情况 2. 2: 构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组中存在要解码的分 组
在步骤 311, 如果断定构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组中存在 要解码的分组, 则对构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组各自的软信息 和所述已网络编码的分组的软信息进行软合并, 并对所述要解码的分 组进行解码, 稍后将结合用于实现针对已网络编码的分组的策略 1、 2 和 3的软合并和解码过程的软合并和解码装置来对此进行具体描述。 在步骤 313, 对解码后的分组进行 CRC校验以判定是否解码正确。 在步骤 315, 如果解码正确, 则对正确解码后的分组进行存储。 图 4是根据本发明的在利用网络编码实现组播重传的通信系统的 移动终端的方框图。
如图 4所示, 根据本发明的移动终端包括: 接收装置 401、 第一判 断装置 403、第二判断装置 405、 软合并和解码装置 407、分组存储装置 409、 重传请求装置 411和分组丢弃装置 413。 接收装置 401从基站接收 分组。 第一判断装置 403根据所接收到的分组中所包括的编码指示位, 判断所接收到的分组是否为已网络编码的分组。 如果断定所接收到的 分组是已网络编码的分组,则第二判断装置 405判断构成已网络编码的 分组的两个分组中是否存在要解码的分组。 如果断定构成已网络编码 的分组的两个分组中存在要解码的分组,则软合并和解码装置 407对构 成已网络编码的分组的两个分组各自的软信息和该已网络编码的分组 的软信息进行软合并, 并对该要解码的分组进行解码。 如果断定所接 收到的分组为未网络编码的单个重传分组, 则软合并和解码装置 407 对该未网络编码的单个重传分组的软信息与先前所接收到的相应分组 的软信息进行软合并, 并对该未网络编码的单个重传分组进行解码。 如果构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组中的要解码的分组被正确解 码,则分组存储装置 409存储该正确解码后的分组。如果所接收到的未 网络编码的单个重传分组被正确解码,则该分组存储装置 409存储该正 确解码后的分组。 如果构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组中的要解码 的分组未被正确解码,则重传请求装置 411继续请求对该要解码的分组 的重传。 如果所接收到的未网络编码的单个重传分组未被正确解码, 则重传请求装置 411继续请求对该未网络编码的单个重传分组的重传。 如果断定构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组中不存在要解码的分组, 则分组丢弃装置 413丢弃该已网络编码的分组。 下面将结合图 6、 图 7和图 8分别描述在断定接收到的分组为已网 络编码的分组时、用于实现针对已网络编码的分组的策略 1、 2、 3的软 合并和解码装置的方框图。
策略 1 :
如先前的图 2所示, 当构成已网络编码的两个分组之一正确而另 一个错误时, 可以使用前面接收到的分组 Pl、 P2和新接收到的被重传 的已网络编码的分组来估计 Pl。 需要指出的是, 当形成前面的传输的 P1和 P2均错误时, 也可以采用以下的软合并策略。
根据基本 MAP原则, 在接收到 P1 @ P2后, P1中 bl的对数比特似然
Figure imgf000013_0001
由于 2是从 和 中推导出的, δ)φ2的概率与&,和& 2的概率相关。 表 1示出了 、 和 2的所有可能值。 在表 1中, 上述等式的分子包 含下面两行的概率, 而分母包含上面两行的概率。 表 1 : 传输的比特的可能值
k b2 ¾Φ2
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0
因此, LLR„
Figure imgf000013_0002
在分子和分母同除以 [j lffi2 I bm2 - 0]P(b} = 0)P(b2 - 0), 其转变为: LLR,、
Figure imgf000013_0003
一 τ (h、 , 1nff exp(LLR{bW2))+ Qxp{La(b2)) 其中, 表示 的先验软信息。 由于已经接收到^
0、
Figure imgf000013_0004
和 , 该先验软信息由估计软信息 Hfe)和
Figure imgf000013_0005
该估计信 息 iJW 和 是先前对接收到的分组 P1和 P2的进行信道解码后 所获得的输出软信息。 因此, LLRU变为: (5)
Figure imgf000014_0001
策略 1的软合并和解码过程如图 6所示。 如图 6所示, 实现策略 1的 软合并和解码装置包括: 读取装置, 读取存储的针对构成已网络编码 的分组 P1@P2的两 1^分组 P1和 P2的各自的 m比特的估计软信息 和 i?,( ), 所述估计软信息 Hfo)和 ^,( )是先前对接收到的所述 两个分组 P1和 P2分别进行信道解码后所获得的输出软信息 (3); 获取 装置(等式(2)和等式 (3)),获取针对当前接收到的已网络编码的分组 P1④ P2的 m比特当前软信息 Ζ1φ2), 即初始软信息; 预处理装置 (等 式(5)),
Figure imgf000014_0002
以及该已 网络编码的分组 PI ®P2的初始软信息 LL?(6,ffi2)进行预处理, 并将逐比 特预处理后的 m比特的 Jj?" 软信息序列输入信道解码器; 以及信道 解码器,利用预处理的结果 ZZT( )直接对要解码的分组 P1进行信道解 码。
总之, 根据策略 1, 在接收到 P1@P2之后,为了得到单个分组的软 合并信息, 由等式 (5) 来推导出信道解码器针对 P1的输入。 逐比特 合并后, 将整个分组的软信息序列输入信道解码器, 在对 P1的进行信 道解码和硬判决之后, 得到 n比特 " 0"或 " 1"数据比特, 对 P1数据比 特进行 CRC校验。如果 CRC校验是一致的, 则存储 P1数据比特。如果 CRC 校验仍为不一致的, 则该移动终端发送 NACK, 要求再次重传 PI。
从图 6中可以注意到, 仅预处理器等式 (5) 特别用于该网络编码 和信道联合解码策略, 该策略并不复杂。 如需降低运算量, 可采用等 式(5- a)的 max近似算法, 近似算法比精确算法性能低 0.5dB。
LLR' LLR' (έ, ) + msix(LLR(bm2 ), LLR' (b2 )) - max(0, LLR(bW2 ) + LLR' (b2 )) ( 5—a) 策略 2:
此此外外,, 可以首先估计 , 。 在接收到 P1@P2时, P1©P2中的 ,的 对数比特似然率为:
Figure imgf000015_0001
其中, 等式(6)的分子包含表 1中中间两行的概率, 而分母包含第
-和第四行的概率。 因此, 等式 (6) 转变为:
LLR,(b )―
Figure imgf000015_0002
在分子和分母处除以 P[yw2 I b 2 = )p(b] = )P{b2 = 0), 则 rrP,(h \ _ 1ntr exp(ZZi?fee2 )+ Xg 》+ Gxp{LLR(biB2)+ La {b, ))
{ im) °S l + exp( a( +4(¾))
= LLRip )+ }ogexp( ( )+exp( (6 ))
其中, θ P2到达时由等式(2)、 (3)
Figure imgf000015_0003
所推导出的已网络编码的分组的对数比特似然率。 先验概率的函数 w(bim ) = log eXp( )) e„ ) (7)包括 ¾1和 的先验概率,因此其被输 ; l + exp( fe)+ fe)) 1 2
入为 6lffi2的先验软信息。 在等式(7)中, La(bX b n=l,2,是 PI和 P2的先验概率, 来自于其信道解码器的反馈信息最后一次迭代值输 出。 如需降低运算量, 可釆用等式(7- a)的 max近似算法。
w (& lffi2 ) « max(w' (&, ), w' (b2 )) - max(0, w' (ό, )+w' (b2 )) ( 7-a) 总之, 策略 2的软合并和解码过程如图 7所示。 如图 7所示, 实现 策略 2的软合并和解码过程的软合并和解码装置包括:读取装置,读取 存储的针对构成已网络编码的分组 P1®P2的两个分组 P1和 P2的反馈信 息最后一次迭代值 w' nM fo), 反馈信息最后一次迭代值 M fe)和 π ,)是先前对接收到的所述两个分组 P1和 P2分别进行信道解码后所 获得的输出反馈值 (输出(4)); 获取装置 (等式 (2)和等式(3)), 获取 针对当前接收到的巳网络编码的分组 PI ®Ρ2的 m比特当前软信息 LLR(bW2) , 即初始软信息; 预处理装置 (等式 7), 将两个分组 P1和 P2
Figure imgf000016_0001
w,( 进行预处理,并将预处理的结 果 w( 2)输入信道解码器; 信道解码器, 利用预处理的结果 wfeffi2)和该 已网络编码的分组 P1④ P2的初始软信息 Ζ1φ2;), 对该已网络编码的 分组 PI ©Ρ2进行信道解码, 在硬判决后得到 PI ©Ρ2的数据比特序列; 以及网络解码装置(图 7所示的异或装置)进而通过该已网络编码的分 组 Ρ1@Ρ·2的数据比特序列与 Ρ2的数据比特序列异或运算对要解码的分 组 P1数据比特序列进行网络解码。
在图 7所示的该策略 2中, 由于估计的是 2, 在信道解码之后, 需要执行 1Φ2Φ 来获得 δ,。 在对 PI执行信道解码、 硬判决和网络解码 01820 之后,对 P1数据比特序列进行 CRC校验。如果 CRC校验是一致的, 则存储 P1数据比特序列。如果 CRC校验是不一致的, 该 UE发送 NACK, 要 求再次重传 Pl。 在下次重传时可以将 PI与其他分组进行网络编码。 策略 3:
由于先验概率 仅仅是基于数据比特的,策略 2的性能并不非 常好。类似于策略 1,将该先验概率由针对所有编码比特的后验概率所 替代, 该后验概率是 P1和 P2的信道解码器的输出 z ?, fe) and LLR'{b2) o 因此, LLR,(i ")变为:
, 、 . 、 exp (ILK ' (6, )) + exp (iLR ' .„2. , , .
LLR m)-LLR{bm2) + log p( J (8) 等式 (8) 中的软合并信息用作信道解码器的输入。 如需降低运 算量, 可采用等式(8- a)的 max近似算法。
LLR' (έ1θ2 ) w LLR(b]@2) + max(LLR' (b, ), LLR' (b2》― max(0, LLR'{bx ) + LLR' {b2》(8—a) 策略 3的软合并和解码过程如图 8所示。 如图 8所示, 实现策略 3的 软合并和解码装置包括: 读取装置, 读取存储的针对构成已网络编码 的分组 PI ® P2的两个分组 P1和 P2的各自的 m比特的估计软信息 Ji?^) 和 ?'( ), 所述估计软信息
Figure imgf000016_0002
'(b2)是先前对接收到的所述 两个分组 P1和 P2分别进行信道解码后所获得的输出软信息 (3); 获取 装置(等式 (2)和等式(3) ),获取针对当前接收到的已网络编码的分组 P1®P2的 m比特当前软信息 Ζ1β2;), 即初始软信息; 预处理装置 (等 式(8)), 将所读取的 m比特的估计软信息 和 zJ ?' )、 以及该已 网络编码的分组 PI ® P2的初始软信息 J?( 2)进行预处理, 并将预处 理的结果 £^,(^2)输入信道解码器; 信道解码器, 利用预处理的结果 ^ ?,.( 2)对该已网络编码的分组 PI @ P2进行信道解码, 在硬判决后得 到 PI ® P2的数据比特序列; 以及网络解码装置(图 8所示的异或装置), 进而通过该已网络编码的分组 P1 @ P2的数据比特序列与 P2的数据比特 序列异或运算对要解码的分组 P1数据比特序列进行网络解码。
'总之, 在信道解码和硬判决之后, 对 P1数据比特序列进行 CRC校 验, 如果 CRC校验是一致的, 则存储 P1数据比特序列。 如果 CRC校验仍 为不一致的, 则该移动终端发送 NACK, 要求再次重传 Pl。
根据本发明, 设计软合并算法将提高网络编码重传策略的接收性 能;且软合并策略 1仅在信道解码器前增加一个预处理模块,解码过程 相对于单个分组解码过程并不复杂; 对于策略 2、 3, 除预处理模块, 还需在信道解码器后增加逐位异或的网络解码模块, 该模块运算量很 小; 综上, 软合并算法使得网络编码重传策略更为实用。 图 9是说明根据本发明的网络编码软合并的性能的仿真曲线图。 策略 1-3的仿真结果如图 9所示, 其中策略 3是本发明所提出的三 种策略中的最佳性能的策略。 这里是利用 1/3比率的 3460比特 turbo解 码器所得到的结果。 本发明的这些策略还可应用于其他信道编码。 这 里, 分组通过瑞利信道。 采用精确信道估计。 最大迭代次数为 8。 在该 图 9中, NC ARQ是对利用网络编码的分组来实现组播重传而无软合并的 方式,这是背景技术中提到的本申请人的提出的在先申请 PCT国际申请 PCT/CN2008/001442所呈现的方案。 图 9所示的传统 HARQ (混合自动重 传请求) 是经典的合并单个重传分组的软合并。
从图 9中可以看到, 在低于 2db的较低的 SNR值之下, 本发明的 NC HARQ均优于 NC ARQ。 在- 2. 5和 -1. 2db之间, 本发明的 NC HARQ甚至可优 于传统 HARQ。 在 PER- 1CT2上, 本发明的 NC HARQ优于 NC ARQ大约 2. 4db, 并且仅比传统 HARQ差大约 0. 3dB,同时在该重传周期节省了一半的传输 资源。 如釆用近似算法, 仅需在信道解码器前增加运算量很小的预处 理模块, 仅包括最大值计算和加减运算。 根据经验数据, 近似算法性 能比精确算法约低 0. 5dB, 仿真图中没有绘出。 相对于 NC ARQ, 在 PER = 10_2上, 可在使用相同传输资源的情况下, 获得优于 NC ARQ约 1. 9dB 的接收性能。 相对于传统 HARQ, 在 PER二 10— 2上, 接收性能比传统 HARQ 差大约 0. 8dB, 但同时可在此重传周期获得 50%的资源节省。
尽管以上已经结合本发明的优选实施例示出了本发明, 但是本领 域的技术人员将会理解, 在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下, 可 '以对本发明进行各种修改、 替换和改变。 因此, 本发明不应由上述实 施例来限定, 而应由所附权利要求及其等价物来限定。

Claims

1、 一种在利用网络编码实现组播重传的通信系统的接收设备中 5 对分组进行解码的方法, 包括:
接收从发送设备发送来的分组;
根据所接收到的分组权中所包括的编码指示位, 判断所接收到的分 组是否为己网络编码的分组;
如果断定所接收到的分组是已网络编码的分组, 则判断构成已网 10 络编码的分组的两个分组中是否存在要解码的分组; 以及
如果断定构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组中存在要解码的分 组, 则对构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组求各自的软信息和所述已网 络编码的分组的软信息进行软合并,并对所述要解码的分组进行解码。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于: 如果所述要解码的 15 分组被正确解码, 则存储该正确解码后的分组。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于: 如果所述要解码的 分组未被正确解码, 则继续请求对所述要解码的分组的重传。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于: 如果断定所接收到 的分组为未网络编码的单个重传分组, 则对所述未网络编码的单个重
20 传分组的软信息与先前所接收到的相应分组的软信息进行软合并, 并 对所述未网络编码的单个重传分组进行解码。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于: 如果所接收到的未 网络编码的单个重传分组被正确解码, 则存储该正确解码后的分组。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于: 如果所接收到的未 25. 网络编码的单个重传分组未被正确解码, 则继续请求对所述未网络编 码的单个重传分组的重传。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于: 如果断定构成已网 络编码的分组的两个分组中不存在要解码的分组, 则丢弃所述己网络 编码的分组。
30 8、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于: 对构成已网络编码 的分组的两个分组各自的软信息和所述已网络编码的分组的软信息进 行软合并的步骤包括:
读取存储的针对构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组的各自的估 计软信息, 所述估计软信息是先前对接收到的所述两个分组分别进行 信道解码后所获得的输出软信息;
获取针对当前接收到的所述已网络编码的分组的初始软信息; 以 及
对所读取的针对所述两个分组的各自的估计软信息和所获取的 针对所述已网络编码的分组的初始软信息进行预处理, 并将预处理的 结果输入信道解码器, 以便直接对要解码的分组进行解码。
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于: 对构成已网络编码 的分组的两个分组各自的软信息和所述已网络编码的分组的软信息进 行软合并的步骤包括:
读取先前存储的针对构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组的各自 的反馈信息最后一次迭代值, 所述反馈信息最后一次迭代值是先前对 接收到的所述两个分组分别进行信道解码后所获得的输出反馈值; 获取针对当前接收到的所述已网络编码的分组的初始软信息; 对所读取的针对所述两个分组的各自的反馈信息最后一次迭代 值进行预处理, 并将预处理的结果和所获取的针对所述已网络编码的 分组的初始软信息输入信道解码器, 以便对所述已网络编码的分组进 行信道解码, 并对所述要解码的分组进行网络解码。
10、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于: 对构成已网络编 码的分组的两个分组各自的软信息和所述已网络编码的分组的软信息 进行软合并的步骤包括:
读取存储的针对构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组的各自的估 计软信息, 所述估计软信息是先前对接收到的所述两个分组分别进行 信道解码后所获得的输出软信息;
获取针对当前接收到的所述已网络编码的分组的初始软信息; 对所读取的针对所述两个分组的各自的估计软信息和所获取的 针对所述己网络编码的分组的初始软信息进行预处理, 并将预处理的 结果输入信道解码器, 以便对所述已网络编码的分组进行信道解码, 并对所述要解码的分组进行网络解码。
11、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述软信息为针 对分组中每个比特的对数比特似然率。
12、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述网络编码为 异或运算。
13、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述接收设备是 移¾)终端, 并且所述发送设备是基站、 中继站或者移动终端。
14、 一种在利用网络编码实现组播重传的通信系统的接收设备, 包括:
接收装置, 接收从发送设备发送来的分组;
第一判断装置, 根据所接收到的分组中所包括的编码指示位, 判 断所接收到的分组是否为已网络编码的分组;
第二判断装置, 如果断定所接收到的分组是已网络编码的分组, 则判断构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组中是否存在要解码的分组; 以及
软合并和解码装置, 如果断定构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组 中存在要解码的分组, 则对构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组各自的 软信息和所述已网络编码的分组的软信息进行软合并, 并对所述要解 码的分组进行解码。
15、 根据权利要求 14所述的接收设备, 其特征在于还包括: 分组 存储装置, 如果所述要解码的分组被正确解码, 则存储该正确解码后 的分组。
16、 根据权利要求 14所述的接收设备, 其特征在于还包括: 重传 请求装置, 如果所述要解码的分组未被正确解码, 则继续请求对所述 要解码的分组的重传。
•17、 根据权利要求 14所述的接收设备, 其特征在于: 如果断定所 接收到的分组为未网络编码的单个重传分组, 则所述软合并和解码装 置对所述未网络编码的单个重传分组的软信息与先前所接收到的相应 分组的软信息进行软合并, 并对所述未网络编码的单个重传分组进行 解码。
18、 根据权利要求 15所述的接收设备, 其特征在于: 如果所接收 到的未网络编码的单个重传分组被正确解码, 则所述分组存储装置存 储该正确解码后的分组。
19、 根据权利要求 16所述的接收设备, 其特征在于: 如果所接收 到的未网络编码的单个重传分组未被正确解码, 则所述重传请求装置 继续请求对所述未网络编码的单个重传分组的重传。
20、 根据权利要求 14所述的接收设备, 其特征在于还包括: 分组 丢弃装置, 如果断定构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组中不存在要解 码的分组, 则丢弃所述已网络编码的分组。
21、 根据权利要求 14所述的接收设备, 其特征在于: 所述软合并 和解码装置包括:
读取装置, 读取存储的针对构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组的 各自的估计软信息, 所述估计软信息是先前对接收到的所述两个分组 分别进行信道解码后所获得的输出软信息;
获取装置, 获取针对当前接收到的所述已网络编码的分组的初始 软信息; 以及
预处理装置, 对所读取的针对所述两个分组的各自的估计软信息 和所获取的针对所述已网络编码的分组的初始软信息进行预处理; 以 及
信道解码器, 用于输入预处理的结果并直接对要解码的分组进行 解码。
22、 根据权利要求 14所述的接收设备, 其特征在于: 所述软合并 和解码装置包括:
读取装置, 读取先前存储的针对构成已网络编码的分组的两个分 组的各自的反馈信息最后一次迭代值, 所述反馈信息最后一次迭代值 是先前对接收到的所述两个分组分别进行信道解码后所获得的输出反 馈值;
获取装置, 获取针对当前接收到的所述已网络编码的分组的初始 软信息; 预处理装置, 对所读取的针对所述两个分组的各自的反馈信息最 后一次迭代值进行预处理;
信道解码器, 用于输入预处理的结果和所获取的针对所述已网络 编码的分组的初始软信息,并对所述已网络编码的分组进行信道解码; 以及
网络解码装置, 用于对所述要解码的分组进行网络解码。
23、 根据权利要求 14所述的接收设备, 其特征在于: 所述软合并 和解码装置包括:
读取装置, 读取存储的针对构成已网络编码的分组的两个分组的 各自的估计软信息, 所述估计软信息是先前对接收到的所述两个分组 分别进行信道解码后所获得的输出软信息;
获取装置, 获取针对当前接收到的所述已网络编码的分组的初始 软信息;
预处理装置, 对所读取的针对所述两个分组的各自的估计软信息 和所获取的针对所述已网络编码的分组的初始软信息进行预处理; 信道解码器, 用于输入预处理的结果, 并对所述已网络编码的分 组进行信道解码; 以及
网络解码装置, 用于对所述要解码的分组进行网络解码。
24、 根据权利要求 14所述的接收设备, 其特征在于: 所述软信息 为针对分组中每个比特的对数比特似然率。
25、 根据权利要求 14所述的接收设备, 其特征在于: 所述网络编 码为异或运算。
26、 根据权利要求 14所述的接收设备, 其特征在于: 所述接收设 备是移动终端, 并且所述发送设备是基站、 中继站或者移动终端。
27、 一种包括发送设备和根据权利要求 14所述的接收设备的通信 系统。
28、 根据权利要求 27所述的通信系统, 其特征在于: 所述接收设 备是移动终端, 并且所述发送设备是基站、 中继站或者移动终端。
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