WO2010096605A2 - Compositions and methods for protecting hair from chemical and thermal damage - Google Patents
Compositions and methods for protecting hair from chemical and thermal damage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010096605A2 WO2010096605A2 PCT/US2010/024650 US2010024650W WO2010096605A2 WO 2010096605 A2 WO2010096605 A2 WO 2010096605A2 US 2010024650 W US2010024650 W US 2010024650W WO 2010096605 A2 WO2010096605 A2 WO 2010096605A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hair
- composition
- tourmaline
- energy
- intensity
- Prior art date
Links
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 188
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title abstract description 28
- 230000003685 thermal hair damage Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052613 tourmaline Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000011032 tourmaline Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 229940070527 tourmaline Drugs 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 29
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 125000002228 disulfide group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 15
- 102000011782 Keratins Human genes 0.000 description 14
- 108010076876 Keratins Proteins 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 238000004736 wide-angle X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000254 damaging effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000001464 small-angle X-ray scattering data Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 7
- 108090000288 Glycoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 102000003886 Glycoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 6
- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- -1 alkalis Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 5
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000861 blow drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013175 Crataegus laevigata Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000004662 dithiols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000037308 hair color Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003806 hair structure Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001436 Cr3+ Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000333 X-ray scattering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003426 chemical strengthening reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001447 ferric ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 231100000640 hair analysis Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 108700041430 link Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002843 nonmetals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004761 scalp Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000002453 shampoo Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000235 small-angle X-ray scattering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 2
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N α-D-glucopyranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCDWFXQBSFUVSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenoxyethanol Chemical compound OCCOC1=CC=CC=C1 QCDWFXQBSFUVSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000195940 Bryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010019049 Hair texture abnormal Diseases 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004264 Petrolatum Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002385 Sodium hyaluronate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-WSWWMNSNSA-N Trehalose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-WSWWMNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001457 V3+ Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000018936 Vitellaria paradoxa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001135917 Vitellaria paradoxa Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-LIZSDCNHSA-N alpha,alpha-trehalose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-LIZSDCNHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010975 amethyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003796 beauty Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JJWKPURADFRFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyl sulfide Chemical compound O=C=S JJWKPURADFRFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940081733 cetearyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000541 cetyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000018417 cysteine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cysteine Natural products SCC(N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000151 cysteine group Chemical group N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006355 external stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010437 gem Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001751 gemstone Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003370 grooming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000118 hair dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003646 hair health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003719 hair strength Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004001 molecular interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011929 mousse Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000344 non-irritating Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940100460 peg-100 stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940066842 petrolatum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005323 phenoxyethanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 235000004252 protein component Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940057910 shea butter Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940010747 sodium hyaluronate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YWIVKILSMZOHHF-QJZPQSOGSA-N sodium;(2s,3s,4s,5r,6r)-6-[(2s,3r,4r,5s,6r)-3-acetamido-2-[(2s,3s,4r,5r,6r)-6-[(2r,3r,4r,5s,6r)-3-acetamido-2,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2- Chemical compound [Na+].CC(=O)N[C@H]1[C@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O3)C(O)=O)O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)NC(C)=O)[C@@H](C(O)=O)O1 YWIVKILSMZOHHF-QJZPQSOGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CRPCXAMJWCDHFM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1CCC(=O)N1 CRPCXAMJWCDHFM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002076 thermal analysis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000231 tourmaline group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
- A61K8/965—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution of inanimate origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
- A61K8/26—Aluminium; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
- A61Q5/04—Preparations for permanent waving or straightening the hair
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
- A61Q5/12—Preparations containing hair conditioners
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/80—Process related aspects concerning the preparation of the cosmetic composition or the storage or application thereof
- A61K2800/81—Preparation or application process involves irradiation
Definitions
- the invention is in the field of hair conditioning and protection. More particularly, it is in the field of conditioning and protecting hair by non-chemical means.
- the hair is routinely assaulted by exposure to high heat and/or by exposure to chemicals that are reactive with hair.
- hair may be exposed to damaging heat from a hair dryer, a flat iron curler, or the sun. Hair begins to denature at temperatures that routinely achieved by these sources, 150 - 250 0 C, for example. Hair may be intentionally exposed to damaging chemicals during straightening, perming, coloring or other cosmetic treatment, for example. Hair may also be exposed to chemicals unintentionally, as from pollution, for example.
- this energy may be supplied from a single photon or from a series of photons.
- photon frequencies There is a range of photon frequencies that may be used to cleave the disulfide bonds, however, the most efficient process takes advantage of a resonance condition.
- the '490 reference suggests that the energy levels of an isolated S 2 molecule lie within a frequency range of 2 x 10 13 to 1 x 10 15 Hz (corresponding to about 0.30 to 15 ⁇ m wavelength or about ⁇ .08 to 4.13 eV).
- the '490 patent applies radiation to the disulfide bonds from complicated high and low frequency wave form generators and supporting electronics.
- the present invention suggests a device no more complicated than a hair dryer.
- '490 discloses a range of photon energies 0.04 to 8.3eV, that includes the dissociation energy Of S 2 , about 2.2eV. This is unlike the present invention where a device capable of producing photons at 2.2eV is neither required, nor preferred.
- WO/1994/010873 and WO/1994/010874 disclose methods of treating hair, in particular human head hair, for cosmetic purposes.
- the hair is exposed to light with an intensity and wavelength chosen so that the protein structure of the hair is altered to produce the desired cosmetic effect.
- the effect is shaping hair.
- the reference discloses using light of wavelength 400 to 600 nm (0.4 - 0.6 ⁇ m), well below the approximately 20 ⁇ m described in the present invention.
- a single photon having wavelength of 400 to 600 nm "carries" about 2.05 - 3.0 eV of energy (which lies within the 0.04 to 8.3 eV range of the '490 patent, above).
- the energy required to raise a disulfide bond from its ground state to the continuum is, reportedly, about 2.2eV.
- the '873 reference suggests using a narrower range of frequencies than the '490 patent, but centered around the S 2 dissociation energy. It is reasonable to expect that a wider range of frequencies disclosed in the '490 patent will be more efficient at cleaving disulfide bonds than the narrow range of frequencies disclosed in the '873 reference.
- the cosmetic effect in view is improved hair coloring.
- WO/1994/010873 and WO/1994/010874 fail to disclose a composition that comprises a material that is able to radiate in a wavelength range around 20 ⁇ m. They fail to disclose applying such a composition to the hair. They fail to disclose activating the material in the composition to radiate in a wavelength range around 20 ⁇ m. They fail to disclose methods of treating the hair, as disclosed herein.
- electromagnetic energy is supplied by a device; an argon laser, for example. This is unlike the present invention where a device capable of producing photons at 2.2eV is neither required, nor preferred.
- the present invention does not require lasers and the supporting electronics to apply radiation to the disulfide bonds, as described in these patents. In fact, the present invention suggests a device no more complicated than a hair dryer.
- US 5,858,179 does not use electromagnetic radiation directly on the disulfide bond, to break the bond. Rather, the radiation used is chosen to convert free disulfide into dithiol using a reported wavelength of 200 to 530 nm (2.3 to 6.2 eV). Furthermore, the present invention does not require a device to generate electromagnetic radiation at specific frequencies. Rather, the present invention suggests a device no more complicated than a hair dryer.
- US 3,863,653 discloses a method and apparatus for treating fibers by enclosing them within a resonant cavity to which high frequency current is supplied, the resonant frequency and impedance of said cavity being matched to that of its supply. This method is really an adjunct to a chemical treatment method.
- US 3,863,653 uses high frequency radiation to heat hair from the inside, thereby accelerating the chemical reactions and reducing the time that the hair must be exposed to the potentially damaging chemicals.
- the frequency of radiation disclosed is from 10 - 4000 MHz, wholly unsuitable for use in the present invention.
- Tourmaline Tourmaline is an acentric rhombohedral borosilicate characterized by six-membered tetrahedral rings. It is a semi-precious stone, and a crystal silicate compounded with varying amount of elements such as aluminium, iron, magnesium, sodium, lithium, or potassium.
- compositions of tourmaline vary widely, and one general formula has been written as
- X Ca, Na, K, vacancy
- Y Li, Mg, Fe 2+ , Mn 2+ , Zn, Al, Cr 3+ , V 3+ , Fe 3+ , Ti 4+
- Z Mg, Al, Fe 3+ , Cr 3+ , V 3+
- V OH, O;
- W OH, F, O
- IMA IMA
- Hawthorne and Henry (1999) have grouped these into three principal groups, based on the dominant occupancy of the X site. These groups are the alkali group, the calcic group and the X-site vacant group.
- the following table with updated information is reproduced from http://www.geol.lsu.edu/henry/Research/tourmaline/TourmalineClassification.htm.
- performance may vary from one variety to another.
- emissivity and absorption spectra may vary from one variety to another.
- intensity of emitted radiation and the activation energy may vary from one variety to another.
- Tourmaline hair dryers are also known. Such hair dryers contain tourmaline crystals that deliver negative ions and far-infrared heat, which, reportedly, dries hair from the inside out. As a result, a person can dry hair faster, and the hair is left healthy and shiny with optimum manageability.
- Flat irons for shaping hair are also known to contain tourmaline.
- the tourmaline supplies negative ions that yield softer and shinier hair, while infrared heat is associated with improved hair moisture and luster. Hair brushes and hair setting rollers with tourmaline are known. Often, the benefit associated with tourmaline is less frizz, due to an ionic effect.
- the invention includes compositions that may be washed out of the hair after a period of time, and compositions that are intended to remain in the hair for additional or extended benefits.
- the invention includes methods of using a topical composition that comprises one or more materials that emit or are induced to emit electromagnetic radiation at wavelengths that leads to a strengthening of the hair.
- the present invention lies in the unexpected discovery that hair may be strengthened, via non-chemical means, with electromagnetic energy that is supplied by a tourmaline containing topical composition.
- non-chemical we mean that the materials in the compositions disclosed herein, do not act as reagents or catalysts with hair.
- non- chemical we further mean that pure energy is supplied to the hair.
- topical means applied to the surface of the hair, particularly human head hair.
- the present invention also lies in the surprising discovery that certain materials can be incorporated into stable, commercially acceptable, topical hair products in quantities that are sufficient to strengthen human head hair. By strengthening the hair, the hair is protected from damaging effects, including the damaging effects of chemical and heat exposure.
- compositions of the present invention will generally be exposed to temperatures between about 25°C and 175°C. Therefore, a suitable material is one that, between about 25°C and 175°C, emits electromagnetic radiation in a range of wavelengths that are able to increase break strength. We have achieved significant, unexpected results with a range of wavelengths of about 0.15 to 30 ⁇ m.
- a suitable material of the present invention is one that, between about 25°C and 175°C, emits electromagnetic radiation at an intensity that is useful to strengthen human hair.
- An intensity is considered “useful to strengthen human hair” if the hair being treated can be strengthened in a commercially acceptable amount of time.
- commercially acceptable amount of time we mean less than about one hour, more preferably, less than about 30 minutes, more preferably still, less than about 10 minutes, most preferably less than about 5 minutes. This time to strengthen hair is measured from the moment the composition is placed on the hair and activated. So, if an otherwise useful material would require an unacceptably long time to effect the desired change (3 hours, for example), then that material is less suitable or not at all suitable for use in the present invention, because such a product has low commercial viability.
- intensity (or better, radiance) of a material, is the energy per second emitted from a unit area of the material, into a unit solid angle. Radiance depends on the temperature of the material. Thus, to find a suitable material, one could begin by looking at radiance verses wavelength curves of various materials, to find those materials that have a more prominent intensity in the 0.15 to 30 ⁇ m wavelength range, when heated to the temperature range of interest, i.e. 25°C - 175°C or 40 0 C - 60 0 C or 60 0 C - 80 0 C and so forth. Determining what is a useful intensity may best be done by trial and error. A candidate material may be incorporated into a base hair composition, and applied to the hair in commercially reasonable amounts. If the hair is strengthened (i.e. increased break strength) in a commercially acceptable amount of time, then the intensity may be considered useful.
- the source of radiation is a sophisticated electronic, multi-frequency electromagnetic wave generating device, that has its own power source.
- the power source is the heat supplied to the suitable material (as from a hair dryer or flat iron), which is re-radiated in a wavelength- intensity spectrum that is characteristic of the material.
- the input power is limited to what is safely supplied by a generic consumer hair dryer or flat iron.
- an inefficient material for the present invention is one that radiates at a suitable wavelength, but the amount of material needed to strengthen the hair is commercially and/or cosmetically infeasible.
- the emissivity of a material also depends on the temperature of the material.
- emissivity verses wavelength curves to find materials in the 0.15 to 30 ⁇ m wavelength range that have high emissivity, in a temperature range of interest, i.e. 25°C - 175°C or 40 0 C - 60 0 C or 60 0 C - 80 0 C and so forth.
- Suitable materials have emissivity greater than about 0.50.
- Preferred materials have an emissivity greater than about 0.80. Materials most preferred have emissivity greater than about 0.90.
- initial requirements for a suitable material include: one that that has emissivity greater than about 0.50, so that when heated to 25°C - 175°C the material emits in the 0.15 to 30 ⁇ m wavelength range, at an intensity that is useful to strengthen human hair in a commercially acceptable amount of time. It was wholly unclear that such a material should exist or that human hair could be strengthened by radiation coming from a material that is activated with heat. This is because, in general, we think of heat and radiation as damaging to human hair.
- a suitable material is one that is suitable for use in cosmetic preparations, from a safety standpoint; at a minimum meeting all relevant controlling regulations for cosmetic products. So, if an otherwise useful material is banned by all or some regulatory authorities, then that material is less suitable or not at all suitable, because a commercial product cannot be achieved. It was surprising that material(s) meeting all of the physical, formulary and commercial requirements herein discussed, could be found.
- a preferred suitable material is one that must be activated before it will significantly affect the break strength of human hair, and which can be deactivated to stop the effect. It is realized that many materials, even at room temperature, emit some radiation in the 0.15 to 30 ⁇ m wavelength range. However, by “activated”, we mean that the intensity of radiation emitted by the suitable material is "useful to strengthen human hair by increasing the break strength of the hair" in a "commercially acceptable amount of time”.
- a preferred suitable material is one that does not produce effective wavelengths and/or intensity, until the material is heated to 40 0 C to 60 0 C, more preferably above 80 0 C, and most preferably between 60 0 C and 80 0 C.
- a minimum of 40 0 C is useful to prevent unwanted activation of the composition.
- Temperatures above 80 0 C can be used to activate the suitable material, but the temperature itself begins to have a detrimental effect on the hair. Therefore, the most preferred activation temperatures are between about 60 0 C and 80 0 C. These temperatures are achievable with a handheld hair dryer, even though the source of hot air is several inches from the hair and the hot air flow may not be continuously directed on the same portion of hair.
- activation is achievable within ten minutes of blow drying, more preferably, within five minutes of blow drying, most preferably, within one minute of blow drying.
- devices other than hair dryers may be used; for example flat irons. However, if a flat iron is used, it is preferably used to heat the suitable material to it's most preferred temperature, and no more, thereby limiting any damage from excessive heat.
- activation depending on the emitting material, may be achievable by light.
- shining a visible light (red, blue, green etc) on the suitable material causes the suitable material to radiate in the 0.15 to 30 ⁇ m wavelength range.
- the intensity of the emitted radiation in general, depends on the intensity of the visible light activation source. But we expect that an effective and commercially viable combination of visible source light and suitable radiating material may be found.
- Deactivation is achieved by removing the visible light source. Activation and deactivation by this method would be essentially immediate, since there is no waiting for the suitable material to heat up.
- this particular red tourmaline heated to 78°C, has emissivity well over 0.9 in the wavelength range with which we are concerned. At 20 ⁇ m wavelength, the emissivity is about 0.93. Though not shown, the emissivity of this material, at 20 ⁇ m, drops to about 0.75 when the temperature is reduced to about 44°C.
- red tourmaline the energy output of this particular red tourmaline, heated to 78°C, peaks between about 10 and 20 ⁇ m wavelength.
- 78°C is a temperature that is not unusual when styling the hair. But having identified a material (red tourmaline, for example) with the right wavelength and high emissivity, the question remained, is the intensity sufficient to make a commercial product. In other words, what surface area of red tourmaline will emit enough energy to effectively strengthen human hair in a commercially acceptable amount of time?
- the activation of tourmaline is achieved by shining a visible light on the tourmaline.
- a visible light For example, we note that red and pink tourmalines have absorption lines at 458 and 451 nm, as well as a broad absorption band in the green spectrum. Blue and green tourmalines have a strong, narrow absorption band at 498nm and almost complete absorption of red, down to 640nm. In turn, these materials re-emit a portion of the incident light energy in the 0.15 to 30 ⁇ m wavelength range, and therefore, may be useful in strengthening human hair. Suitable sources of visible light include LEDs and lasers. With these devices, the light can be concentrated and directed.
- Protein denaturation is a process in which proteins lose their secondary, tertiary or quaternary structure by application of some external stress or compound, such as a strong acid or base, a concentrated inorganic salt, an organic solvent (e.g., alcohol or chloroform), or heat, but the peptide bonds between the amino acids (primary structure) are left intact.
- Denaturation of tertiary structure includes disruption of interactions between amino side chains, such as covalent disulfide bridges between cysteine groups, non-covalent dipole-dipole interactions between polar groups, and Van der Waals interactions between non-polar groups in the side chains.
- Denaturation of secondary structure means that proteins lose all regular repeating patterns (such as alpha-helix structure and beta-pleated sheets), and adopt a random coil configuration.
- DSC differential scanning calorimetry
- Denaturation measurements were made on untreated hair (control), a base formula (no tourmaline), 5% red tourmaline in the base formula, and MIZ ANI® Rhelaxer, a commercially available sodium hydroxide hair straightening conditioning product.
- Samples were prepared for DCS by placing small cut pieces (2- lOmg) of hair into a 50 ⁇ l aluminum pans, then hermetically sealing each pan with an aluminum lid and crimping tool.
- a Perkin Elmer Pyris 1 DSC was programmed to perform the following thermal profile: stabilize at 25C for 2 minutes, heat at IOC/minute to 260C, end test and return to 25 C. Endothermic calculations were performed by identifying the beginning temperature of the transition and the end temperature of the transition. The area under each transition curve (enthalpy) was calculated based on the sample weight and energy required during the transition. Transition temperature peak and transition onset temperature are generated during the enthalpy calculation. Results were as follows:
- the fibers were then equilibrated to 80% relative humidity and run to break on the Dia- stron MTT675 automated tensile testing machine. Results of the tensile testing are shown in the following table.
- the MIZ ANI® Rhelaxer treatment caused a significant increase in Young's Modulus, while reducing the yield parameters (stress at 15% strain and Work Done at 15% strain).
- the increase in Young's modulus implies that the fibers became more brittle as a result of treatment.
- this treatment significantly reduced the covalent parameters (break stress, work done to break, and post yield extension), clearly indicating a weakening of the fiber's protein structure due to molecular damage.
- WAXS Wide angle x-ray scattering
- SAXS small angle x-ray scattering
- the WAXS data provides information about secondary protein keratin structures such as: alpha, beta, alpha+beta, etc. of the hair fiber, where as the SAXS data provides information about longitudinal distance structure in the hair fiber between 1-lOOnm such as coiled-coil, amorphous, ordered glycoprotein molecules, etc.
- SAXS data provides information about longitudinal distance structure in the hair fiber between 1-lOOnm such as coiled-coil, amorphous, ordered glycoprotein molecules, etc.
- strong is defined as a dominant/sharp protein structure of the sample
- weak is defined as existing/broad/vague protein structure
- abent means the structure is not present in the hair fiber.
- Appearing is defined as the space where the x-ray measured the protein structure.
- the control sample has a strong alpha keratin structure, weak beta structure, and a weak alpha+beta structure. It has a coiled-coil structure. It should be noted that WAXS shows a very weak peak at .40nm for this sample, however its protein structure is not identified, and could be due to non-homogeneous hair structure. The SAXS data shows that the control sample has the 6.7nm meridional reflection, which corresponds to the coil-coil keratin structure.
Abstract
Description
Claims
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EP10744328.5A EP2398447A4 (en) | 2009-02-19 | 2010-02-19 | Compositions and methods for protecting hair from chemical and thermal damage |
US13/201,083 US20120111351A1 (en) | 2009-02-19 | 2010-02-19 | Compositions And Methods For Protecting Hair From Thermal Damage |
KR1020117021626A KR101372072B1 (en) | 2009-02-19 | 2010-02-19 | Compositions and methods for protecting hair from chemical and thermal damage |
AU2010215976A AU2010215976B2 (en) | 2009-02-19 | 2010-02-19 | Compositions and methods for protecting hair from chemical and thermal damage |
JP2011551231A JP2012518643A (en) | 2009-02-19 | 2010-02-19 | Compositions and methods for protecting hair from chemicals and heat damage |
CA2752341A CA2752341A1 (en) | 2009-02-19 | 2010-02-19 | Compositions and methods for protecting hair from chemical and thermal damage |
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US15382809P | 2009-02-19 | 2009-02-19 | |
US61/153,828 | 2009-02-19 |
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PCT/US2010/024641 WO2010096598A2 (en) | 2009-02-19 | 2010-02-19 | Compositions and methods for permanent shaping of hair |
PCT/US2010/024655 WO2010096610A2 (en) | 2009-02-19 | 2010-02-19 | Compositions and methods for increasing tightly bound water in hair |
PCT/US2010/024650 WO2010096605A2 (en) | 2009-02-19 | 2010-02-19 | Compositions and methods for protecting hair from chemical and thermal damage |
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PCT/US2010/024655 WO2010096610A2 (en) | 2009-02-19 | 2010-02-19 | Compositions and methods for increasing tightly bound water in hair |
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EP (3) | EP2398447A4 (en) |
JP (3) | JP2012518644A (en) |
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US9011828B2 (en) | 2011-01-25 | 2015-04-21 | Elc Management, Llc | Compositions and methods for permanent straightening of hair |
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KR101372072B1 (en) * | 2009-02-19 | 2014-03-14 | 이엘씨 매니지먼트 엘엘씨 | Compositions and methods for protecting hair from chemical and thermal damage |
DE102012210272A1 (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2013-12-19 | BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH | Hair styling device with radiation source |
EP3383498A4 (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2019-08-14 | ISP Investments LLC | A hair care composition, process for preparing the same and method of use thereof |
EP3606615A1 (en) | 2017-04-07 | 2020-02-12 | Yissum Research and Development Company of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem Ltd. | Hair care compositions |
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US9011828B2 (en) | 2011-01-25 | 2015-04-21 | Elc Management, Llc | Compositions and methods for permanent straightening of hair |
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