WO2010091525A1 - Multi protection function composite - Google Patents

Multi protection function composite Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010091525A1
WO2010091525A1 PCT/CH2010/000033 CH2010000033W WO2010091525A1 WO 2010091525 A1 WO2010091525 A1 WO 2010091525A1 CH 2010000033 W CH2010000033 W CH 2010000033W WO 2010091525 A1 WO2010091525 A1 WO 2010091525A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pressure
glass
temperature
composite
fire protection
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CH2010/000033
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Udo Gelderie
Norbert Schwankhaus
Original Assignee
Vetrotech Saint-Gobain (International) Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vetrotech Saint-Gobain (International) Ag filed Critical Vetrotech Saint-Gobain (International) Ag
Publication of WO2010091525A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010091525A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10311—Intumescent layers for fire protection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B32B17/10045—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/1077—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polyurethane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10788—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing ethylene vinylacetate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B17/10816—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing
    • B32B17/10871—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing in combination with particular heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B17/1088—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by superposing a plurality of layered products
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0407—Transparent bullet-proof laminatesinformative reference: layered products essentially comprising glass in general B32B17/06, e.g. B32B17/10009; manufacture or composition of glass, e.g. joining glass to glass C03; permanent multiple-glazing windows, e.g. with spacing therebetween, E06B3/66

Definitions

  • the invention is in the field of protective glasses as for heat or fire insulation by means that hinder the spread of fire, but also protective glasses such as safety glasses against mechanical intrusion. It relates to a method for producing a protective glass composite body and a protective glass composite body.
  • fire protection glass There are different types of protective glass against fire spread according to the requirements in case of fire.
  • One category of fire protection glass has two or more transparent support elements (usually made of tempered or non-tempered flat glass) and, between the support elements, a so-called fire protection layer or interlayer.
  • the fire protection layer has an intumescent, heat-insulating and / or cooling material.
  • Water-containing alkali metal silicates, but also hydrous hydrogels, are known for this purpose.
  • EP 0 620 781 shows a light-transmitting heat protection element whose fire protection layer is formed from alkali silicate and at least one hardener Polysilicate is.
  • Such polysilicates are completely transparent under normal conditions of use, but the transparency is not heat-resistant, even at temperatures of about 80 0 C they begin to irreversibly cloud and foam.
  • a safety glass according to DE-OS 2 347 955 is done by applying a hot melt adhesive film, for example. PVB on a glass surface and after placing the second glass surface of the composite is pressed together under heat and connected in this way.
  • the softening to melting temperatures of such films vary between 70 to 180 0 C.
  • a chamber is formed from two discs and sealants along the edge region of the discs, which with a fire protection compound filled and closed, whereupon the fire protection compound is cured to the fire protection layer. It is also known to apply a fire protection compound on a first support member (a first disc), there to dry until they hard, and then attach the second support element on the resulting fire protection layer.
  • the material of the fire protection layer is usually an alkali metal polysilicate with, for example, the highest possible water content.
  • Water-containing, organic, gel-like "polymer hydrogels" are also known as the material for fire protection layers.
  • the fire protection layers have in common that they are transparent at room temperature but cloudy and foam under the action of heat.A visible opaquing can be achieved even at relatively low temperatures, eg. between 60 and 70 ° C.
  • a method according to the invention for joining a prefabricated fire-resistant glass as the first component, consisting of at least one water-containing fire protection compound filled, closed chamber of two spaced glass panes and all-round seal, with at least one further glass pane as a second component, is characterized essentially by the fact that on a broadside (ie a flat side) of one of the two components, a hot melt adhesive film is applied, the other component is brought to the hot melt adhesive sheet and the components in the resulting composite under pressure and temperature are joined together to form a transparent composite body.
  • the fire protection compound (or fire protection layer) is a composition which foams under the action of heat, advantageously a polysilicate, for example of the type known from EP 0 620 781.
  • a polysilicate for example of the type known from EP 0 620 781.
  • other water-containing, intumescent fire protection compositions are also conceivable, for example hydrogels.
  • the first component is produced, for example, first by a method in which a chamber, formed by the gap between two (or more) panes and sealing means along the edge region of the panes, is passed through a fireproofing compound (eg alkali silicate solution) in the liquid or pasty state Breakthrough filled by the sealant through, closed the breakthrough and then, for example, the fire protection compound is cured to fire protection layer.
  • a fireproofing compound eg alkali silicate solution
  • the second component has at least one glass pane; this can be a safety glass or a part of a laminated safety glass in a manner known per se. Also, the glass sheets of the first component may have additional security features, for example. In which they are biased.
  • the hot melt adhesive sheet is applied to one or the other component prior to being exposed to the temperature and pressure at which it is subjected, for example, to adhesion and / or other effects (gravitation when applied to the component; adhesive coating, evacuation ) or - depending on the effect and the softening temperature - even stronger.
  • adhesion and / or other effects gravitation when applied to the component; adhesive coating, evacuation ) or - depending on the effect and the softening temperature - even stronger.
  • the other component is provided with a film before the components are connected, for example by appropriate fusion of the two films.
  • the invention is based on the idea that the haze and foaming of a fire protection layer on exposure to heat is (co-) caused by the water in the fire protection layer by evaporating existing when heated in fire protection layer - for example. Aggregated in the silicate matrix - water, bubbles and forms thereby the foaming (co-) caused.
  • the invention uses the approach that in the chamber with the hydrous fire protection layer when heated, the bubbles and even more a stronger vapor formation must be prevented until foaming. Because once a turbidity is irreversible.
  • the haze can be prevented by foaming at higher temperatures when the fire glass is kept under pressure. It is known from physics that the boiling point of a liquid is dependent on the prevailing ambient pressure. The higher the ambient pressure, the higher the boiling point. Likewise, the solubility of gases in liquids is usually higher when the pressure rises. Bubble formation in the heat-insulating and / or cooling material can therefore be deliberately suppressed by an applied higher ambient pressure.
  • the invention is based on the fact that the aggregation of the water to the substrate is also pressure-dependent, that is to say that the de-aggregation of the water is delayed at elevated pressure.
  • Typical transparent hot melt adhesive films or composite films for bonding glass panes are, for example, PVB (polyvinyl butyral), EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate), THV (fluoropolymers), PU (thermoplastic polyurethanes). These films have a softening start at temperatures of 75-140 ° C. Fluoropolymers must be pressed at even higher temperatures of 150-180 ° C. These are all temperatures at which the polysilicate laminated glass clouds and would foam up when they are glued by means of a film with the safety glass composite. The composite body produced would then no longer be completely transparent and thus ultimately useless.
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
  • THV fluoropolymers
  • PU thermoplastic polyurethanes
  • the polysilicate fire-resistant glass has, as mentioned above, at least one completely sealed chamber with at least two spaced-apart transparent carrier elements (eg glass panes), wherein the chamber formed between the glass panes is sealed along the edge regions of the glass panes by means of an all-round seal and the water-containing Fire protection layer fills the chamber between the glass panes.
  • This fire protection layer is incompressible, it behaves under pressure almost like a solid, which means that a pressure from the outside on the glass panes propagates inwards, so that the matrix with the stored or aggregated water is under pressure and thus the water.
  • this pressure must be practically arbitrarily high, at least so high that at the required bonding temperature of the desired film no bubble formation begins, in other words, the silicate matrix does not cloud and foams.
  • the all-round seal around the chamber is formed by a so-called edge bond known per se.
  • This edge compound has the task to connect the two, the chamber bounding glass panes together and, for example. During filling with the fire protection compound at the correct distance from each other, and it also forms the seal of the chamber.
  • edge composites are known, for example, from EP 0 590 978, EP 0 970 930 or WO 2008/1 1021.
  • 'glass panes' are not only used to refer to glass in the narrower sense, but also, for example, to (partially) crystalline, glassy, generally transparent elements; such can be obtained, for example, by amorphous glasses curing treatments.
  • the components are exposed to the intermediate adhesive film over a course, with a certain holding time the pressure and temperature.
  • the course can be stepped, i. It may follow a first hold time at first pressure / temperature conditions, a second hold time at second pressure / temperature conditions.
  • the pressure profile is superimposed on the temperature profile, i. the application of the increased pressure takes place before the temperature exceeds a certain value (for example 60 ° C.), and the pressure is reduced again to normal conditions only after the temperature has fallen below this value again.
  • the temperature to be applied is largely determined by the properties of the hot-melt adhesive film; In many cases, it will be at least temporarily marked above 80 ° C, marked above 100 0 C and even up to 170 0 C or more.
  • the course is driven so that the pressure is always so high that the boiling point of water or the respective boiling point of the hydrous fire protection layer when applied is always below the applied temperature.
  • the determination of the respective boiling point of the fire protection layer is - if the boiling point can not be looked up - experimentally by observing the onset of blistering easily possible and easily reproducible for a particular fire protection layer composition. In some fire-retardant compositions, blistering may begin even before the water-boiling point is reached. If the onset of blistering is not known, then, in order to prevent this, the applied pressure can always be so high that the boiling point of the water is always a certain ⁇ or a certain percentage above the applied temperature.
  • the pressure curve can be selected so that the temperature is always at least 15 ° C, preferably at least 20 0 C below the boiling point. Comparable is the approach to adjust the pressure curve so the temperature profile that the pressure is always by a certain percentage - for example, by at least 50% - above the pressure at which water would boil at the applied temperature
  • the pressure curve can be adapted to the temperature profile so that the pressure is always above the pressure by a certain percentage, for example by at least 30% in which bubbles would form in the water-containing fire protection layer or that the temperature is always at a certain value ⁇ of, for example, at least 10 ° or a certain percentage below the boiling point.
  • the pressure is preferably applied in an autoclave, that is, as a hydrostatic '(static) pressure, for example.
  • a hydrostatic '(static) pressure for example.
  • Pneumatically ie in the form of compressed air.
  • FIGS. 1-5 show, in a sectional view and not to scale, arrangements of components for forming a composite body.
  • An exemplary procedure for connecting a finished polysilicate composite unit and a ballistic laminated glass to a transparent composite comprises the following steps:
  • the desired hot-melt adhesive film having a melting temperature of 125 ° C., for example, is applied to the already prepared fire-resistant glass with the polysilicate intermediate layer at room temperature.
  • the other component or, depending on the glass structure, the other components are placed precisely over the fire-resistant glass. 3.
  • the thus created loose composite can be placed in a vacuum bag and this evacuated. Another way to remove residual air from the pre-composite, lies in a plastic lip applied over the glass edge, by means of which a vacuum can be applied.
  • the autoclave is then pressurized and then heated. While the pressure increases relatively quickly, the heating of the materials to be pressed takes longer.
  • the steps 1 and 2 can also be carried out deviating by the hot melt adhesive film is applied to the component with at least one glass and then the fire protection glass is placed as another component fit.
  • the autoclave itself as well as the material to be processed i. up to several
  • Heat treatment extends over a longer time. From closing the Autoclave until it reached the bonding temperature of the hot melt adhesive of 125 ° C it took about 90 minutes. The connection temperature is maintained for approx. 165 minutes. Approximately Cooling lasts 60 minutes to 75 ° C, where this temperature is maintained for about 130 minutes. Cooling to room temperature takes another 60 (up to 30 ° C) or 120 minutes (up to 25 0 C). Of course, the regulation of the pressure profile is faster than the slow regulation of the heat profile. After relaxing the reactor, the finished composite can be removed from the autoclave. Surprisingly, it was found that despite a critical ambient temperature for normal pressures, one still finds a bubble-free and non-foamed fire-resistant layer.
  • the transparency of the heat-insulating and / or cooling polysilicate composition was in no way adversely affected.
  • the use of an autoclave has the advantage that one has pneumatic pressure conditions, that one can control pressure and temperature together and that the pressure and the temperature distribution uniformly acts everywhere on the process material. Pressures up to 12 bar are common in autoclaves, even temperatures up to 200 ° C are common, in which case it arrives in each case to the good in the autoclave. i
  • pressurization e.g. heated presses, where the pressure is applied mechanically, but only in one direction and the pressed material can be heated via the press ram.
  • the heat latency is lower, because the press can cool faster, for example.
  • integrated cooling coils This can shorten the heating time and cooling time.
  • heat profiles or heat treatments applicable which is always important to ensure that the pressure is always applied as long as the temperature exceeds a certain threshold temperature
  • the method according to the invention for connecting these components leads to further advantages.
  • the multi-layer safety glass does not necessarily have to be produced as a prefabricated component by means of an additional working method. It is possible, in the method step 2 exemplified above, to place the not yet connected parts of the multilayer safety glass accurately on the fire protection glass and the hot melt adhesive film and also to join the glass sheets and composite films of the multilayer safety glass during the application of the following process steps 3 to 9. Thus, an additional step can be saved. Also in this variant, the product of this process is a transparent composite fire safety glass.
  • the composite body or composite fire safety glass has a fire protection side and a laminated glass side.
  • the fire protection side consists of at least two or more, spaced glass panes. Between each pair of glass panes, a water-containing interlayer (an aqueous, eg alkali silicate-containing intermediate layer) is arranged in a chamber, and the chamber is sealed in the edge region by an edge seal.
  • the laminated glass side consists of a single or multi-layer safety glass.
  • the composite has high protection and resistance to fire, fire or explosion and also protects against terrorist attacks.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first component with a first glass pane 1, a second glass pane 2, a fire protection compound 4 located between them and a sealing compound 6 sealing them all around against the narrow sides.
  • This first component is provided with a safety glass pane 7 as a second component by the lamination-type structure described above Method connected to a composite body, wherein a corresponding hot melt adhesive film 8 is first applied either to the first component ( Figure 2) or the second component ( Figure 3).
  • the safety glass pane can be in a manner known per se, for example as (tempered) toughened safety glass, as illustrated below as part of a composite safety glass, etc.
  • FIG. 4 shows the safety glass as part of a multilayer safety glass composite with a plurality of glass panes 7, 10 bonded to an adhesive layer 9 (which may also be a hot melt adhesive film).
  • the safety glass composite can be prefabricated and assembled in the autoclave with the fireproof glass composite as illustrated in FIG. 4, or its components can only be assembled in the autoclave upon completion of the composite body.
  • FIG. 5 shows, as the first component, a fire protection glass composite which has more than two glass panes 1, 2, 3, wherein in each case a fire protection layer 4, 5 is present in intermediate spaces; the glasses and / or the fire protection layers may have the same or different thicknesses.
  • the safety glass 7 in the embodiment according to FIG. 5 is further provided with a coating 12. Other combinations of these or other additional elements are possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)

Abstract

When fire-resistant glass having an aqueous alkali silicate-containing intermediate layer is to be combined with safety glass, the problem that arises is how to bring an existing fabricated fire-resistant glass having heat-insulating and/or cooling material in the intermediate layer together with a safety glass by way of gluing using a film, while applying the heat necessary for the gluing process, without producing any clouding of the fire-resistant glass. The invention solves said problem. In the method for connecting a prefabricated, planar composite body, which comprises at least one closed chamber that is filled with heat-insulating and/or cooling material and composed of two glass panes and a peripheral seal, to at least one further glass pane, a hot-melt adhesive film is applied to the other component, and the resulting combination is connected by applying pressure and heat.

Description

MULTI-SCHUTZFUNKTION-VERBUND MULTI-FUNCTION PROTECTION COMPOSITE
Die Erfindung liegt auf dem Gebiet der Schutzgläser wie für Hitze- bzw. Branddämmung durch Mittel, welche die Brandausbreitung behindern, aber auch Schutzgläser wie Sicherheitsgläser gegen mechanische Intrusion. Sie betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Schutzglas- Verbundkörpers sowie einen Schutzglas- Verbundkörper.The invention is in the field of protective glasses as for heat or fire insulation by means that hinder the spread of fire, but also protective glasses such as safety glasses against mechanical intrusion. It relates to a method for producing a protective glass composite body and a protective glass composite body.
Bei Brandschutzgläsern, welche in transparenten Wänden, Fenstern und Türen Verwendung finden, kommt es darauf an, im Falle eines Brandes eine temporäre Hitzebarriere zu erzeugen, jedoch im Normalbetrieb eine transparente Absperrung zu haben. Dasselbe erwartet man von Sicherheitsgläsern, die im Falle einer Explosion, eines Angriffs mit Schusswaffen oder Einbruchs den Raum schützen.In the case of fire-resistant glass, which is used in transparent walls, windows and doors, it is important to create a temporary heat barrier in the event of a fire, but to have a transparent shut-off during normal operation. The same is expected of safety glasses that protect the room in the event of an explosion, firearm attack or burglary.
Es gibt verschiedene Arten von Schutzgläsern gegen Brandausbreitung entsprechend den Anforderungen im Brandfall. Eine Kategorie von Brandschutzgläsern weist zwei oder mehrer transparente Trägerelemente (meist aus vorgespanntes oder nicht vorgespanntes Flachglas) sowie, zwischen den Trägerelementen, eine sogenannte Brandschutzschicht oder Interlayer auf. Die Brandschutzschicht weist ein aufschäumendes, hitzeisolierendes und/oder kühlendes Material auf. Bekannt dafür sind wasserhaltige Alkalisilikate, aber auch wasserhaltige Hydrogele. Beispielsweise zeigt die EP 0 620 781 ein lichtdurchlässiges Hitzeschutzelement, dessen Brandschutzschicht ein aus Alkalisilikat und mindestens einem Härter gebildetes Polysilikat ist. Solche Polysilikate sind unter üblichen Anwendungsbedingungen völlig transparent, aber die Transparenz ist nicht hitzebeständig, schon bei Temperaturen von gegen 80 0C beginnen sie sich irreversibel zu trüben und aufzuschäumen.There are different types of protective glass against fire spread according to the requirements in case of fire. One category of fire protection glass has two or more transparent support elements (usually made of tempered or non-tempered flat glass) and, between the support elements, a so-called fire protection layer or interlayer. The fire protection layer has an intumescent, heat-insulating and / or cooling material. Water-containing alkali metal silicates, but also hydrous hydrogels, are known for this purpose. For example, EP 0 620 781 shows a light-transmitting heat protection element whose fire protection layer is formed from alkali silicate and at least one hardener Polysilicate is. Such polysilicates are completely transparent under normal conditions of use, but the transparency is not heat-resistant, even at temperatures of about 80 0 C they begin to irreversibly cloud and foam.
Durch Verkleben von flächigen Gläsern - die beispielsweise vorgespannt sein können - mit Folien werden auch Sicherheitsgläser aufgebaut, welche hohen mechanischen Belastungen, (Explosion, Hammer, Pickel, Geschosse) widerstehen sollen. Auch Sicherheitsgläser dieser Art können mehrere Schichten aus Flachglas und Kleber aufweisen. Obschon diese Verbünde also aufgrund der Schichtung eine gewisse Ähnlichkeit aufweisen, unterscheidet sich die Herstellung dieses Sicherheits- Verbundglases wesentlich von der Herstellung von Brandschutz- Verbundgläsern mit aufschäumender Brandschutzschicht. Als Beispiel zum Stand der Technik sei die DE OS 2 347 955 zur Herstellung schlagfester Verglasungstafeln genannt. Gezeigt werden dort im wesentlichen Scheiben, die durch Härtungsbehandlungen verschiedene Stärken aufweisen und die mit Schichten von Kunststoffmaterial zu einem Verbund zusammengefügt sind.By gluing flat glasses - which may be biased for example - with films and safety glasses are built, which should withstand high mechanical loads, (explosion, hammer, pimples, projectiles). Even safety glasses of this type can have several layers of flat glass and adhesive. Although these assemblies therefore have a certain similarity due to the layering, the manufacture of this safety laminated glass differs substantially from the production of fire-resistant laminated glass with an intumescent fire protection layer. As an example of the prior art, DE OS 2 347 955 is known for the production of impact-resistant glazing panels. Shown there are essentially slices, which have different strengths by curing treatments and which are joined together with layers of plastic material to form a composite.
Die Herstellung eines Sicherheitsglases gemäss DE-OS 2 347 955 geschieht durch Aufziehen einer Schmelzklebefolie, bspw. PVB auf die eine Glasfläche und nach Aufsetzen der zweiten Glasfläche wird der Verbund unter Wärmeeinwirkung zusammengepresst und auf diese Weise verbunden. Die Erweichungs- bis Schmelztemperaturen solcher Folien variieren zwischen 70 bis 180 0C. Bei Brandschutzgläsern mit hoher thermischer Dämmleistung, wie oben erwähnt zu EP 0 620 781, wird aus zwei Scheiben und Dichtmitteln entlang des Randbereiches der Scheiben eine Kammer gebildet, welche mit einer Brandschutzmasse gefüllt und verschlossen wird, worauf hin die Brandschutzmasse zur Brandschutzschicht ausgehärtet wird. Es ist auch bekannt, eine Brandschutzmasse auf einem ersten Trägerelement (einer ersten Scheibe) aufzubringen, dort so weit zu trocknen, bis sie hart ist, und anschliessend das zweite Trägerelement auf der entstandenen Brandschutzschicht zu befestigen.The production of a safety glass according to DE-OS 2 347 955 is done by applying a hot melt adhesive film, for example. PVB on a glass surface and after placing the second glass surface of the composite is pressed together under heat and connected in this way. The softening to melting temperatures of such films vary between 70 to 180 0 C. In fire protection glasses with high thermal insulation performance, as mentioned above to EP 0 620 781, a chamber is formed from two discs and sealants along the edge region of the discs, which with a fire protection compound filled and closed, whereupon the fire protection compound is cured to the fire protection layer. It is also known to apply a fire protection compound on a first support member (a first disc), there to dry until they hard, and then attach the second support element on the resulting fire protection layer.
Das Material der Brandschutzschicht ist in der Regel ein Alkalipolysilikat mit einem bspw. möglichst hohen Wassergehalt. Als Material für Brandschutzschichten sind auch wasserhaltige, organische, gelartige „Polymer-Hydrogele" bekannt. Den Brandschutzschichten ist gemeinsam, dass sie bei Raumtemperatur transparent sind, aber unter Hitzeeinwirkung trübe werden und aufschäumen. Eine sichtbare Opakisierung kann schon bei relativ niederen Temperaturen, bspw. zwischen 60 — 70 0C eintreten. Es ist klar, dass bei der Herstellung solcher Verbünde Temperaturen mit dieser Wirkung vermieden werden müssen. Will man aber solche Brandschutzgläser mit Sicherheitsgläsern kombinieren, so steht man vor der Aufgabe, wie man ein vollständig gefertigtes Brandschutz- Verbundglas mit hitzeisolierendem und/oder kühlendem Material als Zwischenschicht mit einem ein- oder mehrschichtigen Sicherheitsglas durch Verkleben mit einer Folie unter der geforderten Wärmeeinwirkung zusammen bringt, ohne dass eine Trübung des Verbundes eintritt. Dieses Problem löst die Erfindung.The material of the fire protection layer is usually an alkali metal polysilicate with, for example, the highest possible water content. Water-containing, organic, gel-like "polymer hydrogels" are also known as the material for fire protection layers.The fire protection layers have in common that they are transparent at room temperature but cloudy and foam under the action of heat.A visible opaquing can be achieved even at relatively low temperatures, eg. between 60 and 70 ° C. It is clear that in the production of such composites temperatures with this effect must be avoided, but if one wants to combine such fire-resistant glasses with safety glasses, one faces the task of producing a completely manufactured fire-resistant laminated glass with heat-insulating and / or cooling material as an intermediate layer with a single-layer or multi-layered safety glass by gluing with a film under the required heat effect brings together without turbidity of the composite occurs.This problem solves the invention.
Ein erfindungsgemässes Verfahren zum Verbinden eines vorgefertigten Brandschutzglases als erste Komponente, bestehend aus mindestens einer wasserhaltigen Brandschutzmasse gefüllten, geschlossenen Kammer aus zwei voneinander beabstandeten Glasscheiben und Rundumdichtung, mit mindestens einer weiteren Glasscheibe als zweite Komponente, zeichnet sich im Wesentlichen dadurch aus, dass auf einer Breitseite (d.h. einer Flachseite) einer der beiden Komponenten eine Schmelzklebefolie aufgebracht wird, die andere Komponente an die Schmelzklebelblie gebracht wird und die Komponenten im so erhaltenen Verbund unter Druck und Temperatur miteinander zu einem transparenten Verbundkörper verbunden werden. - A -A method according to the invention for joining a prefabricated fire-resistant glass as the first component, consisting of at least one water-containing fire protection compound filled, closed chamber of two spaced glass panes and all-round seal, with at least one further glass pane as a second component, is characterized essentially by the fact that on a broadside (ie a flat side) of one of the two components, a hot melt adhesive film is applied, the other component is brought to the hot melt adhesive sheet and the components in the resulting composite under pressure and temperature are joined together to form a transparent composite body. - A -
Die Brandschutzmasse (oder Brandschutzschicht) ist eine unter Hitzeeinwirkung aufschäumende Masse, mit Vorteil ein Polysilikat, beispielsweise von der aus der EP 0 620 781 bekannten Art. Es sind jedoch auch andere wasserhaltigen, aufschäumenden Brandschutzmassen denkbar, beispielsweise Hydrogele. Die erste Komponente wird beispielsweise zunächst durch ein Verfahren hergestellt, in welchem eine Kammer, gebildet durch den Zwischenraum zwischen zwei (oder mehr) Scheiben und mit Dichtmitteln entlang des Randbereiches der Scheiben durch eine Brandschutzmasse (bspw. Alkalisilikatlösung) im flüssigen oder pastösen Zustand durch einen Durchbruch durch die Dichtmittel hindurch gefüllt, der Durchbruch verschlossen und anschliessend bspw. die Brandschutzmasse zur Brandschutzschicht ausgehärtet wird.The fire protection compound (or fire protection layer) is a composition which foams under the action of heat, advantageously a polysilicate, for example of the type known from EP 0 620 781. However, other water-containing, intumescent fire protection compositions are also conceivable, for example hydrogels. The first component is produced, for example, first by a method in which a chamber, formed by the gap between two (or more) panes and sealing means along the edge region of the panes, is passed through a fireproofing compound (eg alkali silicate solution) in the liquid or pasty state Breakthrough filled by the sealant through, closed the breakthrough and then, for example, the fire protection compound is cured to fire protection layer.
Die zweite Komponente weist mindestens eine Glasscheibe auf; diese kann in an sich bekannter Art ein Sicherheitsglas oder ein Teil eines Verbundsicherheitsglases sein. Auch die Glasscheiben der ersten Komponente können zusätzliche Sicherheitsmerkmale aufweisen, bspw. in dem sie vorgespannt sind.The second component has at least one glass pane; this can be a safety glass or a part of a laminated safety glass in a manner known per se. Also, the glass sheets of the first component may have additional security features, for example. In which they are biased.
Dass die Komponenten ,unter Druck und Temperatur' miteinander verbunden werden, impliziert selbstverständlich, dass sowohl der Druck als auch die Temperatur zu einem Zeitpunkt des Verfahrens signifikant über den entsprechenden Normwerten (Atmosphären-Normdruck, Raumtemperatur) liegen.The fact that the components are connected under pressure and temperature implies, of course, that both the pressure and the temperature at a point in time of the process are significantly above the corresponding standard values (atmospheric pressure, room temperature).
Die Schmelzklebefolie wird beispielsweise vor dem Beaufschlagen mit der Temperatur und dem Druck an die eine oder die andere Komponente angelegt, an der sie bspw. aufgrund der Adhäsion und/oder anderer Effekte (Gravitation, wenn sie auf die Komponente draufgelegt wird; klebende Beschichtung, Evakuation) leicht oder - je nach Effekt und je nach Erweichungstemperatur - auch schon stärker anhaftet. Im Prinzip wäre es auch möglich, die Schmelzklebefolie erst bei erhöhter Temperatur und erhöhtem Druck in einem Zustand aufzubringen, in welchem sie weich ist; es ist auch nicht ausgeschlossen, die Schmelzklebefolie als Beschichtung auf die entsprechende Komponente aufzutragen.For example, the hot melt adhesive sheet is applied to one or the other component prior to being exposed to the temperature and pressure at which it is subjected, for example, to adhesion and / or other effects (gravitation when applied to the component; adhesive coating, evacuation ) or - depending on the effect and the softening temperature - even stronger. In principle, it would also be possible to apply the hot melt adhesive film only at elevated temperature and pressure in a state in which it is soft; it is also not excluded to apply the hot melt adhesive film as a coating on the corresponding component.
Weiter sei es auch nicht ausgeschlossen, dass auch die andere Komponente mit einer Folie versehen wird, bevor die Komponenten verbunden werden, bspw. durch entsprechendes Verschmelzen der beiden Folien.Further, it is also not excluded that the other component is provided with a film before the components are connected, for example by appropriate fusion of the two films.
Die Erfindung geht von dem Gedanken aus, dass die Trübung und Aufschäumung einer Brandschutzschicht bei Hitzeeinwirkung wesentlich vom Wasser in der Brandschutzschicht (mit-)verursacht wird, indem bei Erwärmung in Brandschutzschicht vorhandenes — bspw. in der Silikatmatrix aggregiertes — Wasser verdampft, Blasen bildet und dadurch die Aufschäumung (mit-)verursacht. Weiter bedient sich die Erfindung des Ansatzes, dass in der Kammer mit der wasserhaltigen Brandschutzschicht bei Erwärmung die Blasen- und erst recht eine stärkere Dampfbildung bis zum Aufschäumen verhindert werden muss. Denn eine einmal erfolgte Trübung ist irreversibel.The invention is based on the idea that the haze and foaming of a fire protection layer on exposure to heat is (co-) caused by the water in the fire protection layer by evaporating existing when heated in fire protection layer - for example. Aggregated in the silicate matrix - water, bubbles and forms thereby the foaming (co-) caused. Next, the invention uses the approach that in the chamber with the hydrous fire protection layer when heated, the bubbles and even more a stronger vapor formation must be prevented until foaming. Because once a turbidity is irreversible.
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass die Trübung durch das Aufschäumen bei höheren Temperaturen verhindert werden kann, wenn das Brandschutzglas unter Druck gehalten wird. Aus der Physik ist bekannt, dass der Siedepunkt einer Flüssigkeit vom herrschenden Umgebungsdruck abhängig ist. Der Siedepunkt ist umso höher, je höher der Umgebungsdruck ist. Ebenso ist die Löslichkeit von Gasen in Flüssigkeiten in der Regel höher, wenn der Druck steigt. Eine Blasenbildung im hitzeisolierenden und/oder kühlenden Material kann demnach durch einen applizierten höheren Umgebungsdruck gezielt unterdrückt werden. Die Erfindung geht davon aus, dass auch die Aggregation des Wassers an das Substrat druckabhängig ist, also bei erhöhtem Druck die Desaggregation des Wassers verzögert wird. Übliche transparente Schmelzklebefolien bzw. Verbundfolien zum Verbinden von Glasscheiben sind bspw. PVB (Polyvinylbutyral), EVA (Ethylenvinylacetat), THV (Fluorpolymere), PU (thermoplastische Polyurethane). Diese Folien haben einen Erweichungsbeginn bei Temperaturen von 75 - 140 °C. Fluorpolymere müssen bei noch höheren Temperaturen von 150 — 180 °C verpresst werden. Das sind alles Temperaturen, bei denen sich die Polysilikat- Verbundgläser eintrüben und aufschäumen würden, wenn sie mittels einer Folie mit dem Sicherheitsglasverbund verklebt werden. Der hergestellte Verbundkörper wäre dann nicht mehr vollständig transparent und somit letztlich unbrauchbar.It has been found that the haze can be prevented by foaming at higher temperatures when the fire glass is kept under pressure. It is known from physics that the boiling point of a liquid is dependent on the prevailing ambient pressure. The higher the ambient pressure, the higher the boiling point. Likewise, the solubility of gases in liquids is usually higher when the pressure rises. Bubble formation in the heat-insulating and / or cooling material can therefore be deliberately suppressed by an applied higher ambient pressure. The invention is based on the fact that the aggregation of the water to the substrate is also pressure-dependent, that is to say that the de-aggregation of the water is delayed at elevated pressure. Typical transparent hot melt adhesive films or composite films for bonding glass panes are, for example, PVB (polyvinyl butyral), EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate), THV (fluoropolymers), PU (thermoplastic polyurethanes). These films have a softening start at temperatures of 75-140 ° C. Fluoropolymers must be pressed at even higher temperatures of 150-180 ° C. These are all temperatures at which the polysilicate laminated glass clouds and would foam up when they are glued by means of a film with the safety glass composite. The composite body produced would then no longer be completely transparent and thus ultimately useless.
Das Polysilikat-Brandschutzglas weist wie vorstehend erwähnt mindestens eine rundum verschlossene Kammer mit mindestens zwei, mit Abstand zueinander angeordneten transparenten Trägerelementen (bspw. Glasscheiben) auf, wobei die zwischen den Glasscheiben gebildete Kammer entlang der Randbereiche der Glasscheiben mittels einer Rundumdichtung abgedichtet ist und die wasserhaltige Brandschutzschicht die Kammer zwischen den Glasscheiben ausfüllt. Diese Brandschutzschicht ist inkompressibel, sie verhält sich unter Druck annähernd wie ein Festkörper, das heisst, dass ein Druck von aussen auf die Glasscheiben sich nach innen fortpflanzt, sodass die Matrix mit dem eingelagerten bzw. aggregierten Wasser unter Druck steht und damit das Wasser ebenfalls. Durch die Verbundstabilität der geschlossenen und abgedichteten Kammer darf dieser Druck praktisch beliebig hoch sein, zumindest so hoch, dass bei der nötigen Verbindungstemperatur der gewünschten Folie keine Bläschenbildung einsetzt, mit andern Worten, die Silikatmatrix sich nicht eintrübt und aufschäumt. Die Rundumdichtung um die Kammer ist durch einen, an sich bekannten, sogenannten Randverbund gebildet. Dieser Randverbund hat die Aufgabe die beiden, die Kammer begrenzenden Glasscheiben miteinander zu verbinden und bspw. während des Befüllens mit der Brandschutzmasse im richtigen Abstand zueinander zu halten, und er bildet gleichzeitig die Abdichtung der Kammer. Derartige Randverbunde sind beispielsweise aus EP 0 590 978, EP 0 970 930 oder WO 2008/1 1021 bekannt. Mit , Glasscheiben' werden in diesem Text durchgehend nicht nur Gläser im engeren Sinn bezeichnet, sondern beispielsweise auch (Teil-)kristalline, glasartige im Allgemeinen transparente Elemente; solche können beispielsweise durch Härtungsbehandlungen aus amorphen Gläsern gewonnen werden.The polysilicate fire-resistant glass has, as mentioned above, at least one completely sealed chamber with at least two spaced-apart transparent carrier elements (eg glass panes), wherein the chamber formed between the glass panes is sealed along the edge regions of the glass panes by means of an all-round seal and the water-containing Fire protection layer fills the chamber between the glass panes. This fire protection layer is incompressible, it behaves under pressure almost like a solid, which means that a pressure from the outside on the glass panes propagates inwards, so that the matrix with the stored or aggregated water is under pressure and thus the water. Due to the composite stability of the closed and sealed chamber, this pressure must be practically arbitrarily high, at least so high that at the required bonding temperature of the desired film no bubble formation begins, in other words, the silicate matrix does not cloud and foams. The all-round seal around the chamber is formed by a so-called edge bond known per se. This edge compound has the task to connect the two, the chamber bounding glass panes together and, for example. During filling with the fire protection compound at the correct distance from each other, and it also forms the seal of the chamber. Such edge composites are known, for example, from EP 0 590 978, EP 0 970 930 or WO 2008/1 1021. Throughout this text, 'glass panes' are not only used to refer to glass in the narrower sense, but also, for example, to (partially) crystalline, glassy, generally transparent elements; such can be obtained, for example, by amorphous glasses curing treatments.
Gemäss vorteilhaften Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens werden die Komponenten mit der dazwischen liegenden Klebefolie über einen Verlauf, mit einer gewissen Haltezeit dem Druck und der Temperatur ausgesetzt. Der Verlauf kann gestuft sein, d.h. es kann einer ersten Haltezeit bei ersten Druck/Temperaturbedingungen eine zweite Haltezeit bei zweiten Druck/Temperaturbedingungen folgen. Bevorzugt wird dabei der Druckverlauf dem Temperaturverlauf überlagert, d.h. das Ansetzen des erhöhten Drucks erfolgt bevor die Temperatur einen bestimmten Wert (bspw. 60° C) überschreitet, und der Druck wird erst wieder auf Normalbedingungen reduziert, nachdem die Temperatur diesen Wert wieder unterschritten hat.According to advantageous embodiments of the inventive method, the components are exposed to the intermediate adhesive film over a course, with a certain holding time the pressure and temperature. The course can be stepped, i. It may follow a first hold time at first pressure / temperature conditions, a second hold time at second pressure / temperature conditions. Preferably, the pressure profile is superimposed on the temperature profile, i. the application of the increased pressure takes place before the temperature exceeds a certain value (for example 60 ° C.), and the pressure is reduced again to normal conditions only after the temperature has fallen below this value again.
Die anzulegende Temperatur wird massgeblich von den Eigenschaften der Schmelzklebfolie bestimmt; in vielen Fällen wird sie mindestens zeitweise markant über 80°C, markant über 1000C und gar bis zu 1700C oder mehr betragen.The temperature to be applied is largely determined by the properties of the hot-melt adhesive film; In many cases, it will be at least temporarily marked above 80 ° C, marked above 100 0 C and even up to 170 0 C or more.
Besonders bevorzugt wird der Verlauf so gefahren, dass der Druck immer so hoch ist, dass der Siedepunkt von Wasser oder der jeweilige Siedepunkt der wasserhaltigen Brandschutzschicht beim angelegten immer unter der angelegten Temperatur liegt. Die Bestimmung des jeweiligen Siedepunkts der Brandschutzschicht ist - sofern der Siedepunkt nicht nachgeschlagen werden kann - experimentell durch Beobachten des Einsetzens der Blasenbildung einfach möglich und für eine bestimmte Brandschutzschicht-Zusammensetzung einfach reproduzierbar. Bei manchen Brandschutzschicht-Zusammensetzungen kann die Blasenbildung schon vor dem Erreichen des Wasser-Siedepunkts einsetzen. Wenn das Einsetzen der Blasenbildung nicht bekannt ist, kann um dem vorzubeugen auch der angesetzte Druck jederzeit so hoch sein, das der Siedepunkt des Wassers immer um einen bestimmten Wert Δ oder einen bestimmten Prozentsatz über der angelegten Temperatur liegt. Beispielsweise kann der Druckverlauf so gewählt werden, dass die Temperatur immer mindestens 15°C, vorzugsweise mindestens 200C unter dem Siedepunkt liegt. Vergleichbar ist der Ansatz, den Druckverlauf so dem Temperaturverlauf anzupassen, dass der Druck immer um einen bestimmten Prozentsatz - bspw. um mindestens 50% - über dem Druck liegt, bei welchem Wasser bei der angelegten Temperatur sieden würdeParticularly preferably, the course is driven so that the pressure is always so high that the boiling point of water or the respective boiling point of the hydrous fire protection layer when applied is always below the applied temperature. The determination of the respective boiling point of the fire protection layer is - if the boiling point can not be looked up - experimentally by observing the onset of blistering easily possible and easily reproducible for a particular fire protection layer composition. In some fire-retardant compositions, blistering may begin even before the water-boiling point is reached. If the onset of blistering is not known, then, in order to prevent this, the applied pressure can always be so high that the boiling point of the water is always a certain Δ or a certain percentage above the applied temperature. For example, the pressure curve can be selected so that the temperature is always at least 15 ° C, preferably at least 20 0 C below the boiling point. Comparable is the approach to adjust the pressure curve so the temperature profile that the pressure is always by a certain percentage - for example, by at least 50% - above the pressure at which water would boil at the applied temperature
Ähnlich kann man auch vorgehen, wenn man die Druck- und Temperaturverhältnisse kennt, bei denen die Blasenbildung einsetzt: Der Druckverlauf kann dem Temperaturverlauf so angepasst werden, dass der Druck immer um einen bestimmten Prozentsatz - bspw. um mindestens 30% - über dem Druck liegt, bei welchem sich Blasen in der wasserhaltigen Brandschutzschicht bilden würden bzw. dass die Temperatur immer um einen bestimmten Wert Δ von bspw. mindestens 10° oder einen bestimmten Prozentsatz unter dem Siedepunkt liegt.Similarly, one can proceed if one knows the pressure and temperature conditions in which the formation of bubbles begins: The pressure curve can be adapted to the temperature profile so that the pressure is always above the pressure by a certain percentage, for example by at least 30% in which bubbles would form in the water-containing fire protection layer or that the temperature is always at a certain value Δ of, for example, at least 10 ° or a certain percentage below the boiling point.
Versuche in einem industriellen Druckautoklaven zur Herstellung von Verbundglas haben gezeigt, dass bei Drücken von 5 bar (bei diesem Druck beträgt der Siedepunkt von Wasser etwas Folienverbindungstemperaturen von bspw. 125 °C während 2,5 Stunden aufrechterhalten werden konnten, ohne dass der Polysilikatverbund eine Trübung gezeigt hätte. Der im Autoklaven herrschende Umgebungsdruck (z.B. von 5 bar) unterdrückt den Siedepunkt des Wassers in der Brandschutzscheibe und verhindert dadurch ein Aufschäumen des hitzeisolierenden und/oder kühlenden Materials, welches bei Normaldruck bei der applizierten Umgebungstemperatur vollständig aufschäumt. Die erhaltenen Resultate zeigen überraschenderweise, dass die Übertragung des Drucks auf das hitzeisolierende und/oder kühlende Material gelingt, obwohl es durch ein umlaufendes Abdichtungssystem aus Polymeren vollständig verschlossen ist.Experiments in an industrial pressure autoclave for the production of laminated glass have shown that at pressures of 5 bar (at this pressure, the boiling point of water could maintain some film bond temperatures of, for example, 125 ° C for 2.5 hours without clouding the polysilicate composite The ambient pressure prevailing in the autoclave (eg of 5 bar) suppresses the boiling point of the water in the fire protection pane and thereby prevents foaming of the heat-insulating and / or cooling material, which foams completely under normal pressure at the ambient temperature applied in that the transfer of the pressure to the heat-insulating and / or cooling material Although it is completely closed by a circumferential sealing system made of polymers.
Der Druck wird vorzugsweise in einem Autoklaven angelegt, also als hydrostatischer' (statischer) Druck, bspw. pneumatisch, also in der Form von Druckluft. Das hat den Vorteil, dass kein Element der Brandschutzmasse und des entstehenden Verbundkörpers aufgrund des Druckes einer übermässigen mechanischen Belastung unterworfen wird; vielmehr steht alles unter demselbenThe pressure is preferably applied in an autoclave, that is, as a hydrostatic '(static) pressure, for example. Pneumatically, ie in the form of compressed air. This has the advantage that no element of the fire protection compound and the resulting composite body is subjected to an excessive mechanical stress due to the pressure; everything is under it
Druck. Als Alternative ist es auch möglich, den Druck mechanisch, in der Form einer gerichteten Kraft, bspw. mittels einer beheizbaren Presse anzulegen, soweit die Elemente des Verbundkörpers der entsprechenden Belastung standhalten.Print. As an alternative, it is also possible to apply the pressure mechanically, in the form of a directed force, for example by means of a heatable press, as far as the elements of the composite body withstand the corresponding load.
Nachfolgend werden Beispiele und Ausführungsformen des erfmdungsgemässen Vorgehens beschrieben. In den Figuren bezeichnen gleiche Bezugszeichen gleiche oder analoge Elemente.In the following, examples and embodiments of the procedure according to the invention will be described. In the figures, like reference characters designate like or analogous elements.
- Figuren 1-5 zeigen ausschnitts weise und nicht massstäblich Anordnungen von Komponenten zum Bilden eines Verbundkörpers.FIGS. 1-5 show, in a sectional view and not to scale, arrangements of components for forming a composite body.
Ein beispielsweises Vorgehen zur Verbindung einer fertiggestellten Polysilikatverbund-Einheit und einem ballistischen Verbundglas zu einem transparenten Verbund umfasst folgende Schritte:An exemplary procedure for connecting a finished polysilicate composite unit and a ballistic laminated glass to a transparent composite comprises the following steps:
1. Auf das bereits vorbereitete Brandschutzglas mit der Polysilikat-Zwischen- schicht wird bei Raumtemperatur die gewünschte Schmelzklebefolie mit z.B. einer Schmelztemperatur von 125 0C aufgebracht.1. The desired hot-melt adhesive film having a melting temperature of 125 ° C., for example, is applied to the already prepared fire-resistant glass with the polysilicate intermediate layer at room temperature.
2. Die andere Komponente bzw. je nach Glasaufbau die anderen Komponenten (Multi-Laminate) werden passgenau über das Brandschutzglas aufgelegt. 3. Je nach Notwendigkeit kann der so geschaffene noch lose Verbund in einen Vakuumsack eingebracht und dieser evakuiert werden. Eine weitere Möglichkeit, restliche Luft aus dem Vor-Verbund zu entfernen, liegt in einer über die Glaskante aufgebrachten Kunststofflippe, mittels derer ein Vakuum appliziert werden kann.2. The other component or, depending on the glass structure, the other components (multi-laminates) are placed precisely over the fire-resistant glass. 3. Depending on the need, the thus created loose composite can be placed in a vacuum bag and this evacuated. Another way to remove residual air from the pre-composite, lies in a plastic lip applied over the glass edge, by means of which a vacuum can be applied.
4. Mit oder ohne Vakuumsack wird der nun zu erhitzende Verbund in einen Autoklaven eingefahren und dieser verschlossen.4. With or without vacuum bag the now to be heated composite is retracted into an autoclave and this closed.
5. Der Autoklav wird nun mit Druck beaufschlagt und dann beheizt. Während der Druck relativ rasch steigt, dauert die Aufheizung der zu verpressenden Materialien länger.5. The autoclave is then pressurized and then heated. While the pressure increases relatively quickly, the heating of the materials to be pressed takes longer.
6. Bei ca. 4 bar wird der Druck gehalten, während die Temperatur noch ansteigt.6. At about 4 bar pressure is maintained while the temperature is still rising.
7. Erreicht die Temperatur im Autoklaven ca. 80 °C, wird mit dem Druck sukzessive dem Temperaturverlauf nachgefahren.7. When the temperature in the autoclave reaches approx. 80 ° C, the pressure is successively retraced with the pressure.
8. Ist die Schmelztemperatur von 125 °C erreicht, wird der Druck weiter auf 8 bar erhöht und Temperatur wie Druck gehalten.8. When the melting temperature reaches 125 ° C, the pressure is further increased to 8 bar and the temperature is maintained as pressure.
9. Dieser Druck wird aufrecht erhalten, während die Temperatur wieder abgesenkt wird und erst bei Erreichen der Raumtemperatur vor Öffnen des Autoklaven auf Raumdruck abgesenkt.9. This pressure is maintained while the temperature is lowered again and lowered to room pressure only when room temperature is reached before opening the autoclave.
Die Schritte 1 und 2 können auch abweichend ausgeführt werden, indem die Schmelzklebefolie auf die Komponente mit mindestens einer Glasscheibe aufgebracht wird und anschliessend das Brandschutzglas als andere Komponente passgenau aufgelegt wird.The steps 1 and 2 can also be carried out deviating by the hot melt adhesive film is applied to the component with at least one glass and then the fire protection glass is placed as another component fit.
Der Autoklav selber wie auch das zu prozessierende Gut, d.h. die bis zu mehrerenThe autoclave itself as well as the material to be processed, i. up to several
Quadratmeter grossen Verbundscheiben, haben ein grosses Wärmeaufnahmevermögen. Daher ist es vorteilhaft, wenn das Temperaturprofil (dieSquare meters large composite disks, have a large heat absorption capacity. Therefore, it is advantageous if the temperature profile (the
Wärmebehandlung) sich über eine längere Zeit erstreckt. Vom Verschliessen des Autoklaven bis zum Erreichen der Verbindungstemperatur des Schmelzklebers von 125 °C dauerte es ca. 90 Minuten. Gehalten wird die Verbindungstemperatur während ca. 165 Minuten. Ca. 60 Minuten dauert das Abkühlen auf 75 °C, wo diese Temperatur weitere ca. 130 Minuten gehalten wird. Die Abkühlung auf Raumtemperatur dauert weitere ca. 60 (bis 30 °C) bzw. 120 Minuten (bis 25 0C). Die Regulierung des Druckprofils verläuft natürlich rascher als die träge Regulierung des Wärmeprofils. Nach dem Entspannen des Reaktors kann der fertige Verbund dem Autoklaven entnommen werden. Überraschenderweise wurde festgestellt, dass man trotz einer für Normaldrucke kritischen Umgebungstemperatur noch einen blasenfreien und nicht aufgeschäumten Brandschutzlayer vorfindet. Die Transparenz der hitzeisolierenden und/oder kühlenden Polysilikatmasse wurde in keiner Weise negativ beeinflusst. Der Einsatz eines Autoklaven hat den Vorteil, dass man pneumatische Druckverhältnisse hat, dass man Druck und Temperatur gemeinsam steuern kann und dass die Druck- sowie die Temperaturverteilung gleichmässig überall auf das Verfahrensgut einwirkt. Drücke bis 12 bar sind in Autoklaven üblich, auch Temperaturen bis 200 °C sind üblich, wobei es dann jeweils auf das Gut im Autoklaven ankommt. iHeat treatment) extends over a longer time. From closing the Autoclave until it reached the bonding temperature of the hot melt adhesive of 125 ° C it took about 90 minutes. The connection temperature is maintained for approx. 165 minutes. Approximately Cooling lasts 60 minutes to 75 ° C, where this temperature is maintained for about 130 minutes. Cooling to room temperature takes another 60 (up to 30 ° C) or 120 minutes (up to 25 0 C). Of course, the regulation of the pressure profile is faster than the slow regulation of the heat profile. After relaxing the reactor, the finished composite can be removed from the autoclave. Surprisingly, it was found that despite a critical ambient temperature for normal pressures, one still finds a bubble-free and non-foamed fire-resistant layer. The transparency of the heat-insulating and / or cooling polysilicate composition was in no way adversely affected. The use of an autoclave has the advantage that one has pneumatic pressure conditions, that one can control pressure and temperature together and that the pressure and the temperature distribution uniformly acts everywhere on the process material. Pressures up to 12 bar are common in autoclaves, even temperatures up to 200 ° C are common, in which case it arrives in each case to the good in the autoclave. i
Es sind aber auch andere Möglichkeiten der Druckbeaufschlagung denkbar, z.B. beheizte Pressen, wo der Druck mechanisch, allerdings nur in einer Richtung aufgesetzt wird und das gepresste Gut über die Pressstempel aufgeheizt werden kann. In diesem Fall ist die Wärmelatenz geringer, weil sich die Presse schneller abkühlen lässt, bspw. durch integrierte Kühlschlangen. Damit lässt sich die Aufheizzeit und Abkühlungszeit verkürzen. Es sind andere Wärmeprofile bzw. Wärmebehandlungen anwendbar, wobei mit Vorteil stets darauf zu achten ist, dass der Druck immer anliegt, solange die Temperatur eine gewisse Schwelltemperatur überschreitetHowever, other possibilities of pressurization are conceivable, e.g. heated presses, where the pressure is applied mechanically, but only in one direction and the pressed material can be heated via the press ram. In this case, the heat latency is lower, because the press can cool faster, for example. By integrated cooling coils. This can shorten the heating time and cooling time. There are other heat profiles or heat treatments applicable, which is always important to ensure that the pressure is always applied as long as the temperature exceeds a certain threshold temperature
Wird als eine Komponente ein vorgefertigtes Brandschutzverbundglas mit einem Interlayer und als andere Komponente ein mehrschichtiges Sicherheitsglas, welches aus mindestens zwei Glasscheiben und einer dazwischen liegenden Verbundfolie besteht, ausgewählt, so fuhrt das erfmdungsgemässe Verfahren zum Verbinden dieser Komponenten zu weiteren Vorteilen. Das mehrschichtige Sicherheitsglas muss nicht zwingend als vorgefertigte Komponente, mittels eines zusätzlichen Arbeitsverfahrens, hergestellt werden. Es ist möglich, in dem oben beispielhaft genannten Verfahrensschritt 2 die noch nicht miteinander verbundenen Teile des mehrschichtigen Sicherheitsglases passgenau auf das Brandschutzglas und die Schmelzklebefolie aufzulegen und auch die Glasscheiben und Verbundfolien des mehrschichtigen Sicherheitsglases während der Anwendung der nachfolgenden Verfahrensschritte 3 bis 9 miteinander zu verbinden. Damit kann ein zusätzlicher Arbeitsschritt eingespart werden. Auch bei dieser Variante ist das Produkt dieses Verfahrens ein transparentes Verbund-Brandschutzsicherheitsglas.Is as a component a prefabricated composite fire-resistant glass with an interlayer and as another component a multi-layered safety glass, which consists of at least two glass panes and an intermediate composite film If selected, the method according to the invention for connecting these components leads to further advantages. The multi-layer safety glass does not necessarily have to be produced as a prefabricated component by means of an additional working method. It is possible, in the method step 2 exemplified above, to place the not yet connected parts of the multilayer safety glass accurately on the fire protection glass and the hot melt adhesive film and also to join the glass sheets and composite films of the multilayer safety glass during the application of the following process steps 3 to 9. Thus, an additional step can be saved. Also in this variant, the product of this process is a transparent composite fire safety glass.
Der Verbundkörper, bzw. das Verbund-Brandschutzsicherheitsglas weist eine Brandschutz-Seite und eine Verbundglas-Seite auf. Die Brandschutz-Seite besteht aus mindestens zwei oder mehreren, voneinander beabstandeten Glasscheiben. Zwischen je zwei Glasscheiben ist in einer Kammer ein wasserhaltiger Interlayer (eine wässrige, bspw. alkalisilikathaltige Zwischenschicht) angeordnet, und die Kammer ist im Randbereich durch einen Randverbund abgedichtet. Die Verbundglas-Seite besteht aus einem ein- oder mehrschichtigen Sicherheitsglas. Der Verbundkörper weist einen hohen Schutz und Widerstand gegen Feuer, Beschuss oder Explosion auf und schützt auch bei terroristischen Angriffen.The composite body or composite fire safety glass has a fire protection side and a laminated glass side. The fire protection side consists of at least two or more, spaced glass panes. Between each pair of glass panes, a water-containing interlayer (an aqueous, eg alkali silicate-containing intermediate layer) is arranged in a chamber, and the chamber is sealed in the edge region by an edge seal. The laminated glass side consists of a single or multi-layer safety glass. The composite has high protection and resistance to fire, fire or explosion and also protects against terrorist attacks.
Figur 1 zeigt eine erste Komponente mit einer ersten Glasscheibe 1, einer zweiten Glasscheibe 2, einer dazwischen liegenden Brandschutzmasse 4 und einem diese rundum gegen die Schmalseiten abdichtenden Dichtmasse 6. Diese erste Komponente wird mit einer Sicherheitsglasscheibe 7 als zweite Komponente durch das vorstehend beschriebene, laminationsartige Verfahren zu einem Verbundkörper verbunden, wobei eine entsprechende Schmelzklebefolie 8 zunächst entweder auf die erste Komponente (Figur 2) oder die zweite Komponente (Figur 3) aufgebracht wird. Die Sicherheitsglasscheibe kann in an sich bekannter Art vorliegen, beispielsweise als (vorgespanntes) Einscheiben-Sicherheitsglas, wie nachstehend illustriert als Teil eines Verbunds-Sicherheitsglases, etc.FIG. 1 shows a first component with a first glass pane 1, a second glass pane 2, a fire protection compound 4 located between them and a sealing compound 6 sealing them all around against the narrow sides. This first component is provided with a safety glass pane 7 as a second component by the lamination-type structure described above Method connected to a composite body, wherein a corresponding hot melt adhesive film 8 is first applied either to the first component (Figure 2) or the second component (Figure 3). The safety glass pane can be in a manner known per se, for example as (tempered) toughened safety glass, as illustrated below as part of a composite safety glass, etc.
Die erste Komponente und/oder die zweite Komponente können zusätzlich zu den vorstehend erwähnten Elementen noch weitere, die Funktion der jeweiligen Komponente und/oder des Gesamtverbundes unterstützende Elemente aufweisen.- Figur 4 zeigt das Sicherheitsglas als Teil eines mehrschichtigen Sicherheitsglasverbunds mit mehreren Glasscheiben 7, 10, die mit einer Kleberschicht 9 (diese kann ebenfalls eine Schmelzklebefolie sein) verbunden sind. Der Sicherheitsglasverbund kann vorgefertigt und wie in Figur 4 illustriert im Autoklaven mit dem Brandschutzglasverbund zusammengefügt werden, oder seine Komponenten können erst beim Fertigstellen des Verbundkörpers im Autoklaven zusammengefügt werden. Figur 5 zeigt als erste Komponente einen Brandschutzlasverbund, welcher mehr als zwei Glasscheiben 1 , 2, 3 aufweist, wobei jeweils in Zwischenräumen eine Brandschutzschicht 4, 5 vorhanden ist; die Gläser und/oder die Brandschutzschichten können untereinander gleiche oder verschiedene Dicken aufweisen. Das Sicherheitsglas 7 in der Ausführungsform gemäss Figur 5 ist ferner mit einer Beschichtung 12 versehen. Auch andere Kombinationen dieser oder anderer zusätzlicher Elemente sind möglich. In addition to the above-mentioned elements, the first component and / or the second component may also have further elements which support the function of the respective component and / or of the overall composite. FIG. 4 shows the safety glass as part of a multilayer safety glass composite with a plurality of glass panes 7, 10 bonded to an adhesive layer 9 (which may also be a hot melt adhesive film). The safety glass composite can be prefabricated and assembled in the autoclave with the fireproof glass composite as illustrated in FIG. 4, or its components can only be assembled in the autoclave upon completion of the composite body. FIG. 5 shows, as the first component, a fire protection glass composite which has more than two glass panes 1, 2, 3, wherein in each case a fire protection layer 4, 5 is present in intermediate spaces; the glasses and / or the fire protection layers may have the same or different thicknesses. The safety glass 7 in the embodiment according to FIG. 5 is further provided with a coating 12. Other combinations of these or other additional elements are possible.

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. Verfahren zum Verbinden eines vorgefertigten Brandschutzglases als erste1. A method for connecting a prefabricated fire protection glass as the first
Komponente, mit mindestens einer mit einer wasserhaltigen Brandschutzmasse gefüllten, geschlossenen Kammer aus zwei voneinander beabstandeten Glasscheiben und Rundumdichtung, mit mindestens einer weiteren Glasscheibe als zweite Komponente, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf einer Breitseite einer der beiden Komponenten eine Schmelzklebefolie aufgebracht wird, die andere Komponente an die Schmelzklebefolie gebracht wird und dieComponent, with at least one filled with a water-containing fire protection compound, closed chamber of two spaced glass panes and all-round seal, with at least one further glass pane as the second component, characterized in that on one broad side of one of the two components, a hot melt adhesive film is applied to the other component the hot melt adhesive film is brought and the
Komponenten unter Druck und Temperatur miteinander zu einem transparenten Verbundkörper verbunden werden.Components under pressure and temperature are connected together to form a transparent composite body.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Komponenten durch pneumatischen Druck und Temperatur verbunden werden.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the components are connected by pneumatic pressure and temperature.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Komponenten durch mechanischen Druck und Temperatur verbunden werden.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the components are connected by mechanical pressure and temperature.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Druck und Temperatur durch einen Autoklaven beaufschlagt werden.4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that pressure and temperature are applied by an autoclave.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Druck und Temperatur mittels einer beheizbaren Presse beaufschlagt werden.5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that pressure and temperature are applied by means of a heated press.
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2-5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zu verbindenden Komponenten vorgefertigte Komponenten sind. 6. The method according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that the components to be connected are prefabricated components.
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2-5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das7. The method according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that the
Brandschutzglas als Komponente vorgefertigt wird und die andereFire protection glass is prefabricated as a component and the other
Komponente in der Form eines mehrschichtigen Verbund-Sicherheitsglases im gleichen Verfahrensschritt hergestellt wird, mit welchem die Komponenten Brandschutzglas und Sicherheitsglas miteinander verbunden werden.Component in the form of a laminated composite safety glass is produced in the same process step, with which the components fire-resistant glass and safety glass are interconnected.
8. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Komponente ein Brandschutzglas mit mindestens einer Alkalisilikat-Brandschutzschicht und die zweite Komponente beispielsweise ein mehrschichtiges Verbund-Sicherheitsglas ist.8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first component is a fire-resistant glass with at least one alkali silicate fire protection layer and the second component, for example, a multi-layer composite safety glass.
9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass einem gewählten Temperaturverlauf ein Druckverlauf überlagert wird.9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a selected temperature profile, a pressure curve is superimposed.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass einem gestuften Temperaturverlauf ein gestufter Druckverlauf überlagert wird.10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that a stepped temperature profile is superimposed on a stepped pressure profile.
11. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Druckverlauf so auf den Temperaturverlauf abgestimmt wird, dass die11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressure profile is adjusted to the temperature profile, that the
Temperatur beim angelegten Druck stets unter der Siedetemperatur der wasserhaltigen Brandschutzmasse ist.Temperature at the applied pressure is always below the boiling point of the aqueous fire protection mass.
12. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass vor dem Beaufschlagen des Druckes der Verbund mit den Komponenten evakuiert wird. 12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that is evacuated before applying the pressure of the composite with the components.
13. Verfahren nach Ansprach 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Verbund mit den Komponenten vor dem Einführen in die druckgebende Einrichtung in einen luftdichten Sack oder Beutel eingebracht und anschli essend oder innerhalb der druckgebenden Einrichtung evakuiert wird.13. The method according to spoke 12, characterized in that the composite is introduced with the components prior to insertion into the pressure-emitting device in an airtight bag or sack and is subsequently evacuated or evacuated within the pressure-generating device.
14. Verbundkörper hergestellt nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13.14. Composite body produced according to one of claims 1 to 13.
15. Verbundkörper nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Brandschutz-Seite einen gegossenen, nicht getrockneten Interlayer aufweist, der mittels eines Giessharzverfahrens hergestellt wurde.15. A composite according to claim 14, characterized in that the fire protection side has a cast, not dried interlayer, which was prepared by means of a Giessharzverfahrens.
16. Verbundkörper nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Interlayer der Brandschutz-Seite in einer Kammer zwischen zwei Glasscheiben angeordnet ist und diese Kammer entlang der Randbereiche der Glasscheiben mittels eines Randverbundes abgedichtet ist. 16. A composite body according to claim 15, characterized in that the interlayer of the fire protection side is arranged in a chamber between two glass panes and this chamber is sealed along the edge regions of the glass panes by means of a marginal composite.
PCT/CH2010/000033 2009-02-10 2010-02-08 Multi protection function composite WO2010091525A1 (en)

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