WO2010089095A1 - Process for the recovery of betaines from electrodialysis waste streams - Google Patents

Process for the recovery of betaines from electrodialysis waste streams Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2010089095A1
WO2010089095A1 PCT/EP2010/000655 EP2010000655W WO2010089095A1 WO 2010089095 A1 WO2010089095 A1 WO 2010089095A1 EP 2010000655 W EP2010000655 W EP 2010000655W WO 2010089095 A1 WO2010089095 A1 WO 2010089095A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
process according
betaines
membrane
betaine
retention
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2010/000655
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Markus Bicker
Miguel CARAUCÁN
Original Assignee
Lonza Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lonza Ltd filed Critical Lonza Ltd
Priority to JP2011548598A priority Critical patent/JP6242565B2/en
Priority to EP10705792.9A priority patent/EP2393578B1/en
Priority to CN201080006621.0A priority patent/CN102307651B/en
Priority to US13/147,902 priority patent/US9415346B2/en
Priority to KR1020117020315A priority patent/KR101728562B1/en
Publication of WO2010089095A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010089095A1/en
Priority to HK12104000.6A priority patent/HK1163584A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/58—Multistep processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
    • B01D61/422—Electrodialysis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
    • B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
    • C02F1/4693—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C227/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C227/38—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
    • C07C227/40—Separation; Purification
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P13/00—Preparation of nitrogen-containing organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C13—SUGAR INDUSTRY
    • C13B—PRODUCTION OF SUCROSE; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • C13B20/00—Purification of sugar juices
    • C13B20/16—Purification of sugar juices by physical means, e.g. osmosis or filtration
    • C13B20/165—Purification of sugar juices by physical means, e.g. osmosis or filtration using membranes, e.g. osmosis, ultrafiltration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C13—SUGAR INDUSTRY
    • C13B—PRODUCTION OF SUCROSE; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • C13B20/00—Purification of sugar juices
    • C13B20/18—Purification of sugar juices by electrical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/027—Nanofiltration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
    • B01D61/145—Ultrafiltration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
    • B01D61/147—Microfiltration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/442—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by nanofiltration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/34—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32
    • C02F2103/36—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32 from the manufacture of organic compounds

Definitions

  • the present invention discloses a process to recover betaines from electrodialysis waste streams from betaine production processes by pressure driven membrane processes.
  • Electrodialysis is a membrane technology used to purify organic products in liquid mixtures.
  • the ED can be used to reduce the salt concentration in a mixture in a discretionary way and furthermore for the selective removing of organic compounds contained in a liquid solution.
  • the driving force for this separation is an electric field over the membranes. Due to diffusion phenomena and/or osmotic pressure, product losses into the waste stream are inevitable, (see EP 0163222 B2, example 1c, disclosing a yield of 82%)
  • Pressure driven membrane processes such as Reverse Osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration or microfiltration can be applied to concentrate/retain organic compounds. The salts will only be partially concentrated/retained, depending on the type of membrane used.
  • the present state of the art suffers from several major disadvantages.
  • the product losses in the waste stream due to e.g. diffusion and/or osmotic pressure decrease the yield of the ED process and contribute to the organic freight (total organic carbon, TOC) of the waste stream. Consequently, the waste stream can frequently not be properly treated in a biological waste stream treatment plant if the product is poorly biodegradable, requiring a subsequent incineration step with prohibitive costs for the industrial production.
  • TOC total organic carbon
  • Fig. 1 depicts the process according to the invention with one ED and one recovery unit.
  • Fig. 2 depicts the process according to the invention with two ED and one recovery unit.
  • the operating parameters of the ED are controlled in such a way as to achieve two goals simultaneously during this purification step.
  • the first one consists in the reduction of inorganic salts like sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), tetramethylammonium, etc. present in the liquid solutions of the betaines.
  • the second goal consists in the selective removing of organic compounds like 4-hydroxybutanoic acid, (E)-4-Hydroxycrotonic acid, thmethylamine, etc.
  • the ED parameters to be adjusted in each ED stream are pH, concentration of salts and organic compounds, electrical conductivity, temperature, etc. Said adjustment is within the routine capability of the skilled person.
  • the applied membranes for the ED should allow a high grade of desalting and removing of undesirable organic compounds like 4-hydroxybutanoic acid or (E)-4-Hydroxycrotonic acid and should at the same time minimize losses of betaine compounds into the concentrate stream of the ED.
  • the applied membranes for the pressure driven processes such as Reverse Osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration or microfiltration should retain the desired betaines to the highest degree possible, whereas the retention of the salts and undesirable organic compounds like 4-hydroxybutanoic acid or (E)-4-Hydroxycrotonic acid should be minimized.
  • the betaine compounds e.g. 4-butyrobetain and L-camitine
  • the respective organic compounds e.g. 4-hydroxybutanoic acid and (E)-4-Hydroxycrotonic acid
  • the grade of retention of betaines like 4-butyrobetain and L-carnitine and their impurities like 4-hydroxybutanoic acid and (E)-4-Hydroxycrotonic acid, respectively, can be controlled adjusting the operating parameters: temperature, pressure, flux, filtration cycles and concentration factor during the filtration process. Again, said adjustments are within the routine capability of the skilled person.
  • the retention grade achieved for the betaines is preferably between 1-100%, more preferably between 50-100%, even more preferably between 80-100% and most preferably 100%.
  • the retention grade achieved for the organic impurities is preferably between 30 - 95%.
  • the process according to the invention allows for a great degree of flexibility with regards to separating the impurities present in the mixture of betaines.
  • the adjustment of the filtration parameter mentioned above will determine whether a high grade of separation is achieved. It can become a key benefit in order to achieve a significant reduction of the organic freight (total organic carbon, TOC) of the waste stream of the ED and in order to avoid an accumulation of impurities like 4-hydroxybutanoic acid and (E)-4-
  • the retention grade of the salts is preferably below 100%, more preferably in the range of 0-50% and most preferably 0-10%.
  • the membranes according to the present invention are those which are routinely used in the field. Specifically, they include polymeric membranes, ceramic membranes and special organic solvent stable polymeric membranes in case the ED waste stream contains organic solvents like alcohols, ketones, esters, ethers, aromatic or chlorinated solvents.
  • the pressure driven membrane process is reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration or microfiltration.
  • the desired products according to the invention are betaines.
  • said betaines are selected from the group consisting of 4-butyrobetain and L-camitine.
  • the products according to the invention preferably have a good solubility in water.
  • the present invention also contemplates a process whereby the ED waste streams are treated with a pressure driven membrane process and subsequently channelled into a second ED unit as depicted in Fig. 2 to improve the yield of the betaines
  • the present invention achieves a remarkable yield increase in the purification of betaine products like 4-butyrobetain and L-carnitine using ED and at the same time a substantial reduction of the organic freight (total organic carbon, TOC) of the waste stream of the ED. Both aspects are economically significant for the competitiveness of the production of betaines like 4-butyrobetain and L-carnitine.
  • the setup used to carry out the ED treatments consisted of an ED miniplant equipped with a stack with 10 pairs of PES-Membranes of 64 cm 2 .
  • the experiments were carried out in batch-mode; however, a continuous operation mode can be also implemented.
  • 3 pumps were responsible to circulate the concentrate (waste water stream), dilute (product stream) and electrolyte (service stream) solutions to the membrane stack. The flux of these 3 streams were adjusted and measured with 3 rotameters.
  • the above described setup was also used to desalt and purify L-carnitine from a liquid reaction mixture.
  • the yield of L-carnitine obtained under optimized conditions was 88 - 94%.
  • the waste stream of a commercial scale ED plant was treated in a nanofiltration pilot plant.
  • a commercial four inch spiral wound membrane module from Kochmembranes Type TFC-SR-3 with 7.9m 2 membrane area was used to concentrate 500kg of the waste stream to 126kg.
  • the initial temperature was 23°C and was adjusted to 44°C during the experiment.
  • the initial pressure was 14bar and was adjusted during the experiment up to 30bar.
  • Samples were taken from the retentate (concentrate) and the permeate (waste water).
  • the concentration of Butyrobetain rose from an initial 2.6weight% to 8.4weight%.
  • the retention was calculated to be 80-100% during the course of the concentration phase.
  • the retention of 4-hydroxybutanoic acid was calculated to be 30-95% during the course of the concentration phase.
  • Sodium chloride was not retained by the membrane during the course of the experiment.
  • the waste stream of the ED plant on lab scale described above was treated in a nanofiltration plant on lab scale.
  • a membrane module filled with NittoDenko ' s flat sheets membrane Type NTR-729HG S4F with 0.02m 2 membrane area was used to concentrate 2.648 kg of the waste stream to 0.835 kg.
  • the temperature was 23°C during the experiment.
  • the pressure was 32bar.
  • Samples were taken from the retentate (concentrate) and the permeate (waste water).
  • the concentration of L- camitine in retentate rose from an initial 1.3 weight% to 3.3 weight%.
  • the retention was calculated to be 80-100% during the course of the concentration phase.
  • the retention of (E)-4-Hydroxycrotonic acid was calculated to be 30-95% during the course of the concentration phase.
  • Sodium chloride was not retained by the membrane during the course of the experiment.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a process for the recovery of betaines from electrodialysis (ED) waste streams, whereby said waste streams are treated with a pressure driven membrane process.

Description

Process for the recovery of betaines from electrodialysis waste streams
The present invention discloses a process to recover betaines from electrodialysis waste streams from betaine production processes by pressure driven membrane processes.
The synthesis of betaines very often goes along with the production of stoichiometric amounts of organic or inorganic salts in the reaction mixture. Usually the products are further separated from the salts by various purification methods such as distillation, extraction, crystallization, electrodialysis or other unit operations. Every purification/separation process inevitably suffers from product losses.
Electrodialysis (ED) is a membrane technology used to purify organic products in liquid mixtures. The ED can be used to reduce the salt concentration in a mixture in a discretionary way and furthermore for the selective removing of organic compounds contained in a liquid solution. The driving force for this separation is an electric field over the membranes. Due to diffusion phenomena and/or osmotic pressure, product losses into the waste stream are inevitable, (see EP 0163222 B2, example 1c, disclosing a yield of 82%) Pressure driven membrane processes such as Reverse Osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration or microfiltration can be applied to concentrate/retain organic compounds. The salts will only be partially concentrated/retained, depending on the type of membrane used.
The present state of the art suffers from several major disadvantages. The product losses in the waste stream due to e.g. diffusion and/or osmotic pressure decrease the yield of the ED process and contribute to the organic freight (total organic carbon, TOC) of the waste stream. Consequently, the waste stream can frequently not be properly treated in a biological waste stream treatment plant if the product is poorly biodegradable, requiring a subsequent incineration step with prohibitive costs for the industrial production. Thus, there is a need for a novel method for the minimization of product losses during the purification of betaine compounds.
The drawbacks of the state of the art outlined above can be overcome by the process according to the present invention, whereby ED waste streams are treated with a pressure driven membrane process and the recovered betaines are returned into the ED unit to improve the yields. Fig. 1 depicts the process according to the invention with one ED and one recovery unit.
Fig. 2 depicts the process according to the invention with two ED and one recovery unit.
The production of betaines according to the invention such as 4-butyrobetain and L- carnitine comprises their purification using ED. The operating parameters of the ED are controlled in such a way as to achieve two goals simultaneously during this purification step. The first one consists in the reduction of inorganic salts like sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), tetramethylammonium, etc. present in the liquid solutions of the betaines. The second goal consists in the selective removing of organic compounds like 4-hydroxybutanoic acid, (E)-4-Hydroxycrotonic acid, thmethylamine, etc. The ED parameters to be adjusted in each ED stream (feed, diluate, concentrate and electrolyte) in order to achieve these goals are pH, concentration of salts and organic compounds, electrical conductivity, temperature, etc. Said adjustment is within the routine capability of the skilled person. The applied membranes for the ED should allow a high grade of desalting and removing of undesirable organic compounds like 4-hydroxybutanoic acid or (E)-4-Hydroxycrotonic acid and should at the same time minimize losses of betaine compounds into the concentrate stream of the ED.
The applied membranes for the pressure driven processes such as Reverse Osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration or microfiltration should retain the desired betaines to the highest degree possible, whereas the retention of the salts and undesirable organic compounds like 4-hydroxybutanoic acid or (E)-4-Hydroxycrotonic acid should be minimized. Due to the similarities of the structure of the betaine compounds (e.g. 4-butyrobetain and L-camitine) with the respective organic compounds (e.g. 4-hydroxybutanoic acid and (E)-4-Hydroxycrotonic acid), it is surprising that a good retention grade for the betaine compounds and a substantially reduced grade of retention for the organic compounds, respectively can be achieved by the process according to the invention. This difference in the retention grade of the compounds of a mixture allows their separation.
The grade of retention of betaines like 4-butyrobetain and L-carnitine and their impurities like 4-hydroxybutanoic acid and (E)-4-Hydroxycrotonic acid, respectively, can be controlled adjusting the operating parameters: temperature, pressure, flux, filtration cycles and concentration factor during the filtration process. Again, said adjustments are within the routine capability of the skilled person.
Thus, the retention grade achieved for the betaines is preferably between 1-100%, more preferably between 50-100%, even more preferably between 80-100% and most preferably 100%. Meanwhile, the retention grade achieved for the organic impurities is preferably between 30 - 95%. The process according to the invention allows for a great degree of flexibility with regards to separating the impurities present in the mixture of betaines. The adjustment of the filtration parameter mentioned above will determine whether a high grade of separation is achieved. It can become a key benefit in order to achieve a significant reduction of the organic freight (total organic carbon, TOC) of the waste stream of the ED and in order to avoid an accumulation of impurities like 4-hydroxybutanoic acid and (E)-4-
Hydroxycrotonic due to the recycling of some ED streams inside the purification process.
According to the invention, the retention grade of the salts is preferably below 100%, more preferably in the range of 0-50% and most preferably 0-10%.
The membranes according to the present invention are those which are routinely used in the field. Specifically, they include polymeric membranes, ceramic membranes and special organic solvent stable polymeric membranes in case the ED waste stream contains organic solvents like alcohols, ketones, esters, ethers, aromatic or chlorinated solvents. Preferably, the pressure driven membrane process is reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration or microfiltration.
The desired products according to the invention are betaines.
Preferably, said betaines are selected from the group consisting of 4-butyrobetain and L-camitine.
The products according to the invention preferably have a good solubility in water.
The present invention also contemplates a process whereby the ED waste streams are treated with a pressure driven membrane process and subsequently channelled into a second ED unit as depicted in Fig. 2 to improve the yield of the betaines The present invention achieves a remarkable yield increase in the purification of betaine products like 4-butyrobetain and L-carnitine using ED and at the same time a substantial reduction of the organic freight (total organic carbon, TOC) of the waste stream of the ED. Both aspects are economically significant for the competitiveness of the production of betaines like 4-butyrobetain and L-carnitine.
The present invention will be described in more detail in the following examples.
Comparative Example: Setup and description of ED experiments on miniplant scale:
The setup used to carry out the ED treatments consisted of an ED miniplant equipped with a stack with 10 pairs of PES-Membranes of 64 cm2. The experiments were carried out in batch-mode; however, a continuous operation mode can be also implemented. 3 pumps were responsible to circulate the concentrate (waste water stream), dilute (product stream) and electrolyte (service stream) solutions to the membrane stack. The flux of these 3 streams were adjusted and measured with 3 rotameters.
In order to guarantee a selective removal of the side-products during the ED- treatment and hence a maximisation of the process yield, a control of pH and temperature in the concentrate and dilute streams was implemented. During the ED- experiments pH, electrical conductivity, temperature and flux of these 3 streams are controlled und recorded.
The above described setup was used to desalt and purify 4-Butyrobetain from a liquid reaction mixture. The yield of 4-Butyrobetain obtained under optimized conditions was 88%.
The above described setup was also used to desalt and purify L-carnitine from a liquid reaction mixture. The yield of L-carnitine obtained under optimized conditions was 88 - 94%.
Example 1 : Recovery of 4-Butyrobetain (CAS-Nr. 407-64-7) from ED waste stream
The waste stream of a commercial scale ED plant was treated in a nanofiltration pilot plant. A commercial four inch spiral wound membrane module from Kochmembranes Type TFC-SR-3 with 7.9m2 membrane area was used to concentrate 500kg of the waste stream to 126kg. The initial temperature was 23°C and was adjusted to 44°C during the experiment. The initial pressure was 14bar and was adjusted during the experiment up to 30bar. Samples were taken from the retentate (concentrate) and the permeate (waste water). The concentration of Butyrobetain rose from an initial 2.6weight% to 8.4weight%. The retention was calculated to be 80-100% during the course of the concentration phase. The retention of 4-hydroxybutanoic acid was calculated to be 30-95% during the course of the concentration phase. Sodium chloride was not retained by the membrane during the course of the experiment.
Based on the results from the nanofiltration experiment and data from the ED plant, a total mass balance was calculated. The total yield of 4-Butyrobetain can be raised significantly from 88% as shown in the Comparative Example to 98% if the nanofiltration process is used as a post-treatment of the ED waste stream and the retained product is recycled to the ED.
Example 2: Recovery of L-carnitine (CAS-Nr. 541 -15-1 ) from ED waste stream
The waste stream of the ED plant on lab scale described above was treated in a nanofiltration plant on lab scale. A membrane module filled with NittoDenko's flat sheets membrane Type NTR-729HG S4F with 0.02m2 membrane area was used to concentrate 2.648 kg of the waste stream to 0.835 kg. The temperature was 23°C during the experiment. The pressure was 32bar. Samples were taken from the retentate (concentrate) and the permeate (waste water). The concentration of L- camitine in retentate rose from an initial 1.3 weight% to 3.3 weight%. The retention was calculated to be 80-100% during the course of the concentration phase. The retention of (E)-4-Hydroxycrotonic acid was calculated to be 30-95% during the course of the concentration phase. Sodium chloride was not retained by the membrane during the course of the experiment.
Based on the results from the nanofiltration experiment and data from the ED miniplant, a total mass balance was calculated. The total yield of L-carnitine can be raised significantly from 88% as shown in the Comparative Example to 98% if the nanofiltration process is used as a post-treatment of the ED waste stream and the retained product is recycled to the ED.

Claims

Claims
1. A process for the recovery of betaines from electrodialysis (ED) waste streams from betaine production processes, whereby said waste streams are treated with a pressure driven membrane process.
2. Process according to claim 1 , whereby said betaines are selected from the group consisting of 4-butyrobetaine and L-carnitine
3. Process according to claim 1 and/or 2, whereby said waste streams contain salts.
4. Process according to at least one of claims 1 -3, whereby the recovered betaine is returned into an ED unit.
5. Process according to at least one of claims 1-4, whereby the applied membrane in the recovery unit retains the desired betaine to the highest degree possible, whereas the retention for the salts is minimized.
6. Process according to claim 5, whereby the retention of the betaine is in the range of 1-100%, more preferably in the range of 50-100%, even more preferably in the range of 80-100% and most preferably 100%.
7. Process according to claim 5, whereby the retention of the salts is preferably below 100%, more preferably in a range of 0-50% and most preferably 0-10%.
8. Process according to at least one of claims 1-7, whereby said membrane is a polymer, a ceramic or a special organic solvent stable polymer membrane.
9. Process according to at least one of claims 1-8, whereby the recovered betaine is channelled into a second ED unit.
PCT/EP2010/000655 2009-02-04 2010-02-03 Process for the recovery of betaines from electrodialysis waste streams WO2010089095A1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2011548598A JP6242565B2 (en) 2009-02-04 2010-02-03 Method for recovering betaine from waste stream in electrodialysis
EP10705792.9A EP2393578B1 (en) 2009-02-04 2010-02-03 Process for the recovery of betaines from electrodialysis waste streams
CN201080006621.0A CN102307651B (en) 2009-02-04 2010-02-03 Process for the recovery of betaines from electrodialysis waste streams
US13/147,902 US9415346B2 (en) 2009-02-04 2010-02-03 Process for the recovery of betaines from electrodialysis waste stream
KR1020117020315A KR101728562B1 (en) 2009-02-04 2010-02-03 Process for the recovery of betains from electrodialysis waste streams
HK12104000.6A HK1163584A1 (en) 2009-02-04 2012-04-23 Process for the recovery of betaines from electrodialysis waste streams

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14989309P 2009-02-04 2009-02-04
EP09001502.5 2009-02-04
EP09001502A EP2216088A1 (en) 2009-02-04 2009-02-04 Recovery of product losses from ED waste streams
US61/149,893 2009-02-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010089095A1 true WO2010089095A1 (en) 2010-08-12

Family

ID=40793068

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2010/000655 WO2010089095A1 (en) 2009-02-04 2010-02-03 Process for the recovery of betaines from electrodialysis waste streams

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US9415346B2 (en)
EP (2) EP2216088A1 (en)
JP (2) JP6242565B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101728562B1 (en)
CN (2) CN104587836A (en)
AR (1) AR075242A1 (en)
HK (2) HK1163584A1 (en)
TW (1) TW201031603A (en)
WO (1) WO2010089095A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014076110A1 (en) 2012-11-16 2014-05-22 Lonza Ltd. Methods for decolorizing compositions comprising betaines

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10252923B2 (en) 2006-06-13 2019-04-09 Evoqua Water Technologies Llc Method and system for water treatment
US10213744B2 (en) * 2006-06-13 2019-02-26 Evoqua Water Technologies Llc Method and system for water treatment
FR3026104B1 (en) 2014-09-19 2017-11-17 Tetrahedron PROCESS FOR OBTAINING L-HERCYNINE PURE
CN104805225B (en) * 2015-04-02 2018-02-27 广西大学 A kind of processing method of ecosystem brown sugar
US20180056242A1 (en) * 2016-08-30 2018-03-01 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Combined electrodialysis and pressure membrane systems and methods for processing water samples
CN106823814A (en) * 2017-02-09 2017-06-13 纳晶科技股份有限公司 The purification devices of nanocrystal solution, purification process and purification system
AU2018321819B2 (en) 2017-08-21 2024-04-04 Evoqua Water Technologies Llc Treatment of saline water for agricultural and potable use
CN110550707A (en) * 2019-09-06 2019-12-10 温州捷朴环保科技有限公司 Electrodialysis water treatment facilities with middle electrode

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0163222A1 (en) * 1984-05-26 1985-12-04 BASF Aktiengesellschaft Process for obtaining aqueous solutions of carnitine amide
US4708936A (en) * 1985-02-27 1987-11-24 Lonza Ltd. Process for the continuous production of L-carnitine
EP0349297A1 (en) * 1988-07-01 1990-01-03 Takara Shuzo Co. Ltd. Purification of spergualin-related compounds
DE19634640A1 (en) * 1996-08-27 1998-03-05 Basf Ag Process for cleaning solutions containing betaine by electrodialysis and by means of a cation exchange module
US6030535A (en) * 1996-04-24 2000-02-29 Yukiko Hayashi Method of and apparatus for producing potable water and salt
WO2004013048A2 (en) * 2002-08-02 2004-02-12 University Of South Carolina Production of purified water and high value chemicals from salt water
WO2008074042A2 (en) * 2006-12-19 2008-06-26 Gruene-Bioraffinerie.At Gmbh Method for the treatment of a material flow

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3446695A1 (en) * 1984-12-21 1986-06-26 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen METHOD FOR CONCENTRATING AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING SALT, WITH A SIMULTANEOUS REDUCTION OF SALT
IT1243991B (en) * 1990-10-30 1994-06-28 Ionics Italba Spa PROCEDURE FOR WATER PURIFICATION THROUGH A COMBINATION OF MEMBRANE SEPARATION UNIT AND ITS PLANT
IT1248741B (en) * 1991-02-26 1995-01-26 Bracco Spa CONCENTRATION AND PURIFICATION PROCESS OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
US6017433A (en) * 1997-11-12 2000-01-25 Archer Daniels Midland Company Desalting aqueous streams via filled cell electrodialysis
JP4452341B2 (en) * 1999-01-13 2010-04-21 雪印乳業株式会社 L-carnitine preparation
WO2002053781A1 (en) * 2000-12-28 2002-07-11 Danisco Sweeteners Oy Separation process
FI20021251A0 (en) * 2002-06-26 2002-06-26 Finnfeeds Finland Oy Method for the recovery of betaine
DE10320368A1 (en) * 2003-05-07 2004-11-25 Süd-Chemie AG Process for the treatment of nitrate-containing wastewater
TWI400223B (en) * 2007-11-16 2013-07-01 Lonza Ag Process for the preparation of betaines
JP2009280504A (en) * 2008-05-19 2009-12-03 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd Method for producing carnitine

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0163222A1 (en) * 1984-05-26 1985-12-04 BASF Aktiengesellschaft Process for obtaining aqueous solutions of carnitine amide
EP0163222B1 (en) 1984-05-26 1987-09-09 BASF Aktiengesellschaft Process for obtaining aqueous solutions of carnitine amide
US4708936A (en) * 1985-02-27 1987-11-24 Lonza Ltd. Process for the continuous production of L-carnitine
EP0349297A1 (en) * 1988-07-01 1990-01-03 Takara Shuzo Co. Ltd. Purification of spergualin-related compounds
US6030535A (en) * 1996-04-24 2000-02-29 Yukiko Hayashi Method of and apparatus for producing potable water and salt
DE19634640A1 (en) * 1996-08-27 1998-03-05 Basf Ag Process for cleaning solutions containing betaine by electrodialysis and by means of a cation exchange module
WO2004013048A2 (en) * 2002-08-02 2004-02-12 University Of South Carolina Production of purified water and high value chemicals from salt water
WO2008074042A2 (en) * 2006-12-19 2008-06-26 Gruene-Bioraffinerie.At Gmbh Method for the treatment of a material flow

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014076110A1 (en) 2012-11-16 2014-05-22 Lonza Ltd. Methods for decolorizing compositions comprising betaines
US9550726B2 (en) 2012-11-16 2017-01-24 Lonza Ltd. Methods for decolorizing compositions comprising betaines

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP6242565B2 (en) 2017-12-06
US9415346B2 (en) 2016-08-16
CN102307651B (en) 2015-03-18
AR075242A1 (en) 2011-03-16
TW201031603A (en) 2010-09-01
KR20110112859A (en) 2011-10-13
HK1163584A1 (en) 2012-09-14
CN102307651A (en) 2012-01-04
KR101728562B1 (en) 2017-04-19
HK1207025A1 (en) 2016-01-22
EP2393578A1 (en) 2011-12-14
CN104587836A (en) 2015-05-06
EP2216088A1 (en) 2010-08-11
JP2016117710A (en) 2016-06-30
JP2012516862A (en) 2012-07-26
EP2393578B1 (en) 2017-11-08
US20120035394A1 (en) 2012-02-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2393578B1 (en) Process for the recovery of betaines from electrodialysis waste streams
US11198097B2 (en) Osmotic pressure assisted reverse osmosis process and method of using the same
JP4805455B2 (en) Method and apparatus for preventing scale generation in an electrodeionization unit
CA2706205C (en) Process for the purification of organic acids
JP3256545B2 (en) Nanofiltration of concentrated salt solution
TWI430965B (en) Method and apparatus for desalination
US20130096343A1 (en) Process for removing, isolating and purifying dicarboxylic acids
WO2007132477A1 (en) A pretreatment process for the saline water feeds of desalination plants
WO2008048103A1 (en) Simultaneous acid and base production from an aqueous stream
Charcosset Ultrafiltration, microfiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis in integrated membrane processes
EP3488911A1 (en) Brine treatment scaling control system and method
CN114906964B (en) PTA wastewater treatment system and application method
CA2878336A1 (en) Nanofiltration process for impurity removal
US8293940B2 (en) Process for recovery and purification of lactic acid
US20020153261A1 (en) Method for producing basic amino acid solution
EP0256576A1 (en) A continuous process for the production of dichlorohydrin
EP2855355B1 (en) Crystallisation assisted membrane separation process
KR100285236B1 (en) Separation and Purification Methods for Phenylalanine by Electrodialysis
CN115403615A (en) Clean production process and method of glufosinate-ammonium
CN117480149A (en) Method and system for recovering glyoxylic acid
TWI432580B (en) Process for the purification of organic acids
CN115403617A (en) Clean production process and method of glufosinate-ammonium

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 201080006621.0

Country of ref document: CN

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 10705792

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

REEP Request for entry into the european phase

Ref document number: 2010705792

Country of ref document: EP

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2010705792

Country of ref document: EP

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2011548598

Country of ref document: JP

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 20117020315

Country of ref document: KR

Kind code of ref document: A

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 6681/DELNP/2011

Country of ref document: IN

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 13147902

Country of ref document: US