WO2010082099A2 - Water treatment - Google Patents
Water treatment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010082099A2 WO2010082099A2 PCT/IB2009/055903 IB2009055903W WO2010082099A2 WO 2010082099 A2 WO2010082099 A2 WO 2010082099A2 IB 2009055903 W IB2009055903 W IB 2009055903W WO 2010082099 A2 WO2010082099 A2 WO 2010082099A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- water treatment
- liquid
- electrodes
- water
- chamber
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
Definitions
- This invention relates to water treatment.
- the invention relates to a water treatment cell, to a water treatment arrangement, and to a method of treating water.
- the inventors are aware of chemical dosing treatment methods that are often used at municipal potable water plants. In these methods sludge is normally generated, but the sludge is of no commercial use and is therefore not used in industry.
- Municipal wastewater treatment methods of which the inventor is aware mainly employ a screening process, primary settlement, activated sludge treatment, use of bio filtration and chemical dosing. Sludge generated during these processes is sometimes used for agricultural purposes if it does not contain too much chemicals.
- a water treatment cell which includes an enclosure defining a longitudinal chamber having a liquid inlet at one end of the chamber for receiving water to be treated and a liquid outlet at another end of the chamber for discharging treated water, the longitudinal chamber defining a liquid flow path between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet along which water can be treated, before being discharged from the liquid outlet; a set of electrodes extending longitudinally along the liquid flow path, the electrodes being arranged radially about a centre of the liquid flow path; and electric terminals connectable to an electric power source, the terminals connected to the set of electrodes.
- the chamber may be circular in cross section.
- the set of electrodes may thus be arranged radially about the centre of the circular treatment chamber.
- the water treatment cell may include electrode mounting means for mounting the electrodes in the chamber.
- the electrode mounting means may be in the form of spoked wheels.
- the electrode mounting means may be longitudinally spaced along the water treatment cell to maintain a uniform spacing of the electrodes along the length of the chamber.
- the electrodes may be grouped according to an electrical source to which they are connected.
- the electrodes may be arranged in groups, each of which is connectable to a particular phase. More particularly, the multi-phase electrode groups may be arranged to expose liquid in the chamber uniformly to all electrodes of each phase group.
- a water treatment arrangement which includes multiple water treatment cells arranged in parallel flow with each other.
- the water treatment arrangement may include an input header, connected in flow communication with the liquid inlets of the water treatment cells and an output header connected in flow communication with the liquid outlets of the water treatment cells, the input header feeding operable to feed liquid to be treated into the water treatment cells and the output header operable to discharge treated water from the water treatment cells.
- a method of treatment of water including feeding water into at least one treatment cell, the treatment cell having an enclosure defining a treatment chamber through which liquid to be treated can be directed, in which chamber is disposed a set of electrodes extending longitudinally along a liquid flow path, the electrodes being arranged radially about a centre of the liquid flow path and connectable to an electrical power source; and applying an electrical current via the electrodes through liquid passing along the liquid flow path.
- Applying an electrical current may include any one of applying a direct current and an alternating current through the liquid.
- Applying an alternating current electrical current through the liquid may include applying a multi-phase electrical current through the liquid.
- Figure 1 shows a top section of a water treatment cell in accordance with the invention
- Figure 2 shows a cross section of the water treatment cell of Figure 1 taken at l-l
- Figure 3 shows a water treatment arrangement in accordance with the invention, the water treatment arrangement comprising a number of water treatment cells as in Figure 1 ;
- Figure 4 shows a water treatment plant including the water treatment arrangement of Figure 3, in use
- Figure 5 shows a cross section of another embodiment of a water treatment cell in accordance with the invention.
- Figure 6 shows a cross section of yet another embodiment of a water treatment cell in accordance with the invention.
- a water treatment cell 10 is shown in top section.
- the treatment cell 10 includes an enclosure 12 defining a longitudinal chamber having a liquid inlet 14 at one end of the chamber for receiving water to be treated and a liquid outlet 16 at another end of the chamber for discharging treated water.
- the enclosure 12 defines a liquid flow path as indicated by the arrows 18.1 , 18.2 between the liquid inlet 14 and the liquid outlet 16 along which water can be treated.
- a set of electrodes 20 extending longitudinally along the liquid flow path 18.
- the electrodes are arranged radially about a centre of the liquid flow path, as can be seen in Figure 2.
- Electric terminals 22 which are connectable to an electric power source are connected to the set of electrodes 20.
- the water treatment cell 10 is circular in cross section.
- the set of electrodes are therefore arranged radially about the centre of the treatment enclosure 12.
- Electrode mounting means in the form of two spoked wheel-like spacers 24, 26 are provided to space the set of electrodes 20 in the chamber. As can be seen, the spacers 24, 26 are spaced inside the enclosure 12 to maintain the spacing of the set of electrodes 20 in the enclosure 12.
- a cross section of the enclosure 12 shows the spacer 26 and the layout of the set of electrodes 20 in more detail.
- the treatment cell 10 is arranged for a three-phase alternating current electrical power source.
- the spacer 26 has a body 30, which is cast from an insulating material, which in this instance is Polyvinyl chloride.
- Three concentric conducting rings 28.1 , 28.2, 28.3 are moulded onto a wheel portion of the body 30 of the spacer 26.
- Each of the rings carries a phase of the electrical power.
- Twelve conductive studs 32.1 to 36.4 are connected to the three concentric rings 28.1 , 28.2, 28.3.
- the studs 32.1 to 32.4 for the white phase are connected to 28.2, the studs 34.1 to 34.3 for the red phase are connected to 28.1 and the studs 36.1 to 36.4 for the black phase are connected to 28.3.
- Three of the studs 32.1 , 34.1 , 36.1 are arranged on three spokes of the body 30 of the spacer 26, while nine studs 32.2 to 32.4, 34.2 to 34.4, 36.2 to 36.4 are arranged around the circumference of the spacer.
- Three shaded portions 38.1 , 38.2, 38.3 show where the water to be treated will flow, during use.
- a water treatment arrangement 50 is shown.
- the water treatment arrangement 50 comprises ten water treatment cells 52 to 70.
- the water treatment cells 52 to 70 are the same as the water treatment cell 10.
- An input header 73 is connected to the liquid inlets 52.2 to 70.2 of the water treatment cells 52 to 70 via inlet valves 106 to 124 to feed water in the direction of arrow 75.
- output header 72 is connected to liquid outlets via outlet valves 82 to 100 to drain water in the direction of arrow 74.
- the water treatment arrangement 50 is designed so that liquid will flow through by hydraulic pressure.
- FIG 4 the integration of the water treatment arrangement 50 into an existing wastewater treatment plant 130 is shown.
- the only integration between the existing plant and the water treatment arrangement 50 is the wastewater inlet 132 which is directed to the treatment arrangement 50 via a turbine 134 and, if needed, two feeding reservoirs 136, 138.
- the hydro turbine is electrically connected to the water treatment arrangement 50 to generate electricity from the feeding of the water, thereby to power the water treatment arrangement 50, at least partially.
- the water is fed to retention dams 140, 142.
- a sludge pump 144 feeds to a belt press 146 where the sludge is dewatered and cakes are formed.
- the water is fed via a chlorination plant 148 to end users 150.
- FIG. 5 another arrangement of electrodes inside a water treatment cell 200 is shown.
- a tube 202 defines a body of the treatment cell 200.
- a conductive inner tube 204 is connected to a first phase of a three phase electrical supply.
- Smaller tubular conductors 210.1 to 210.4 are also connected to the first phase tube 204.
- Tubular conductors 206.1 to 206.4 are connected to a second phase of the three phase electrical supply.
- Tubular conductors 208.1 to 208.4 are connected a third phase of the three phase electrical supply.
- the electrodes 206, 208, 210 can also by in plate form, arranged in similar fashion.
- FIG. 6 yet another arrangement of electrodes inside a water treatment cell 250 is shown.
- a tube 252 defines a body of the treatment cell 250.
- a conductive inner tube 254 is connected to a first phase of a three phase electrical supply.
- Tubular conductors 256.1 to 256.6 are connected to a second phase of the three phase electrical supply and tubular conductors 258.1 to 258.6 are connected a third phase of the three phase electrical supply.
- the electrodes 256 and 258 can also by in plate form, arranged in similar fashion.
- wastewater is fed through the treatment plant 50, by means of gravity. Wastewater is directed through the treatment cells 52 to 70 past electrodes 20.
- the electrodes being powered by three-phase alternating current electric power, dissociates the wastewater.
- the treatment cells produce heat in excess of 100 0 C in the electron configuration described in Figure 5 and Figure 6 only as a result of the electrical current being passed through the wastewater.
- the wastewater is left to settle in a settling tank and the dissociated wastewater goes through a filtration process. After filtration the water is disinfected and stabilised.
- the inventor believes that the invention provides a new method and apparatus for treating wastewater.
- the apparatus provides an efficient and cost effective method of treating wastewater.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Abstract
A water treatment cell, which includes an enclosure defining a longitudinal chamber having a liquid inlet at one end of the chamber for receiving water to be treated and a liquid outlet at another end of the chamber for discharging treated water, the longitudinal chamber defining a liquid flow path between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet along which water can be treated, before being discharged from the liquid outlet, a set of electrodes extending longitudinally along the liquid flow path, the electrodes being arranged radially about a centre of the liquid flow path, and electric terminals connectable to an electric power source, the terminals connected to the set of electrodes.
Description
WATER TREATMENT
This invention relates to water treatment. In particular, the invention relates to a water treatment cell, to a water treatment arrangement, and to a method of treating water.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The inventors are aware of chemical dosing treatment methods that are often used at municipal potable water plants. In these methods sludge is normally generated, but the sludge is of no commercial use and is therefore not used in industry.
Municipal wastewater treatment methods of which the inventor is aware mainly employ a screening process, primary settlement, activated sludge treatment, use of bio filtration and chemical dosing. Sludge generated during these processes is sometimes used for agricultural purposes if it does not contain too much chemicals.
It is often found that the chemical content of treated water is very high, which have a negative impact on commercial- and domestic users.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a water treatment cell, which includes an enclosure defining a longitudinal chamber having a liquid inlet at one end of the chamber for receiving water to be treated and a liquid outlet at another end of the chamber for discharging treated water, the longitudinal
chamber defining a liquid flow path between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet along which water can be treated, before being discharged from the liquid outlet; a set of electrodes extending longitudinally along the liquid flow path, the electrodes being arranged radially about a centre of the liquid flow path; and electric terminals connectable to an electric power source, the terminals connected to the set of electrodes.
In one embodiment of the water treatment cell the chamber may be circular in cross section. The set of electrodes may thus be arranged radially about the centre of the circular treatment chamber.
The water treatment cell may include electrode mounting means for mounting the electrodes in the chamber. The electrode mounting means may be in the form of spoked wheels. The electrode mounting means may be longitudinally spaced along the water treatment cell to maintain a uniform spacing of the electrodes along the length of the chamber.
The electrodes may be grouped according to an electrical source to which they are connected. In one embodiment, for a multi-phase alternating current electrical source, the electrodes may be arranged in groups, each of which is connectable to a particular phase. More particularly, the multi-phase electrode groups may be arranged to expose liquid in the chamber uniformly to all electrodes of each phase group.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a water treatment arrangement, which includes multiple water treatment cells arranged in parallel flow with each other.
The water treatment arrangement may include an input header, connected in flow communication with the liquid inlets of the water treatment cells and an output header connected in flow communication with the liquid
outlets of the water treatment cells, the input header feeding operable to feed liquid to be treated into the water treatment cells and the output header operable to discharge treated water from the water treatment cells.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of treatment of water, the method including feeding water into at least one treatment cell, the treatment cell having an enclosure defining a treatment chamber through which liquid to be treated can be directed, in which chamber is disposed a set of electrodes extending longitudinally along a liquid flow path, the electrodes being arranged radially about a centre of the liquid flow path and connectable to an electrical power source; and applying an electrical current via the electrodes through liquid passing along the liquid flow path.
Applying an electrical current may include any one of applying a direct current and an alternating current through the liquid.
Applying an alternating current electrical current through the liquid may include applying a multi-phase electrical current through the liquid.
The invention will now be described, by way of example only with reference to the following drawing(s):
DRAWING(S)
In the drawing(s):
Figure 1 shows a top section of a water treatment cell in accordance with the invention; Figure 2 shows a cross section of the water treatment cell of Figure 1 taken at l-l; and
Figure 3 shows a water treatment arrangement in accordance with the invention, the water treatment arrangement comprising a number of water treatment cells as in Figure 1 ;
Figure 4 shows a water treatment plant including the water treatment arrangement of Figure 3, in use;
Figure 5 shows a cross section of another embodiment of a water treatment cell in accordance with the invention; and
Figure 6 shows a cross section of yet another embodiment of a water treatment cell in accordance with the invention.
EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
In Figure 1 a water treatment cell 10 is shown in top section. The treatment cell 10 includes an enclosure 12 defining a longitudinal chamber having a liquid inlet 14 at one end of the chamber for receiving water to be treated and a liquid outlet 16 at another end of the chamber for discharging treated water. The enclosure 12 defines a liquid flow path as indicated by the arrows 18.1 , 18.2 between the liquid inlet 14 and the liquid outlet 16 along which water can be treated.
In the enclosure 12, there is provided a set of electrodes 20 extending longitudinally along the liquid flow path 18. The electrodes are arranged radially about a centre of the liquid flow path, as can be seen in Figure 2.
Electric terminals 22 which are connectable to an electric power source are connected to the set of electrodes 20.
As can be seen in Figure 2, the water treatment cell 10 is circular in cross section. The set of electrodes are therefore arranged radially about the centre of the treatment enclosure 12.
Electrode mounting means in the form of two spoked wheel-like spacers 24, 26 are provided to space the set of electrodes 20 in the chamber. As can be seen, the spacers 24, 26 are spaced inside the enclosure 12 to maintain the spacing of the set of electrodes 20 in the enclosure 12.
In Figure 2, a cross section of the enclosure 12 shows the spacer 26 and the layout of the set of electrodes 20 in more detail. The treatment cell 10 is arranged for a three-phase alternating current electrical power source.
The spacer 26 has a body 30, which is cast from an insulating material, which in this instance is Polyvinyl chloride. Three concentric conducting rings 28.1 , 28.2, 28.3 are moulded onto a wheel portion of the body 30 of the spacer 26.
Electrical power is distributed to the set of electrodes 20 via the rings. Each of the rings carries a phase of the electrical power. Twelve conductive studs 32.1 to 36.4 are connected to the three concentric rings 28.1 , 28.2, 28.3. The studs 32.1 to 32.4 for the white phase are connected to 28.2, the studs 34.1 to 34.3 for the red phase are connected to 28.1 and the studs 36.1 to 36.4 for the black phase are connected to 28.3.
Three of the studs 32.1 , 34.1 , 36.1 are arranged on three spokes of the body 30 of the spacer 26, while nine studs 32.2 to 32.4, 34.2 to 34.4, 36.2 to 36.4 are arranged around the circumference of the spacer.
Three shaded portions 38.1 , 38.2, 38.3 show where the water to be treated will flow, during use.
In Figure 3, a water treatment arrangement 50 is shown. The water treatment arrangement 50 comprises ten water treatment cells 52 to 70. The water treatment cells 52 to 70 are the same as the water treatment cell 10.
An input header 73 is connected to the liquid inlets 52.2 to 70.2 of the water treatment cells 52 to 70 via inlet valves 106 to 124 to feed water in the direction of arrow 75.
Similarly and output header 72 is connected to liquid outlets via outlet valves 82 to 100 to drain water in the direction of arrow 74.
The water treatment arrangement 50 is designed so that liquid will flow through by hydraulic pressure.
In Figure 4, the integration of the water treatment arrangement 50 into an existing wastewater treatment plant 130 is shown. The only integration between the existing plant and the water treatment arrangement 50 is the wastewater inlet 132 which is directed to the treatment arrangement 50 via a turbine 134 and, if needed, two feeding reservoirs 136, 138. The hydro turbine is electrically connected to the water treatment arrangement 50 to generate electricity from the feeding of the water, thereby to power the water treatment arrangement 50, at least partially.
From the treatment arrangement 50, the water is fed to retention dams 140, 142. A sludge pump 144 feeds to a belt press 146 where the sludge is dewatered and cakes are formed.
From the retention dams 140, 142 the water is fed via a chlorination plant 148 to end users 150.
In Figure 5, another arrangement of electrodes inside a water treatment cell 200 is shown. A tube 202 defines a body of the treatment cell 200. A conductive inner tube 204 is connected to a first phase of a three phase electrical supply. Smaller tubular conductors 210.1 to 210.4 are also connected to the first phase tube 204. Tubular conductors 206.1 to 206.4 are connected to a second phase of the three phase electrical supply. Similarly Tubular
conductors 208.1 to 208.4 are connected a third phase of the three phase electrical supply. It is to be appreciated that the electrodes 206, 208, 210 can also by in plate form, arranged in similar fashion.
In Figure 6, yet another arrangement of electrodes inside a water treatment cell 250 is shown. A tube 252 defines a body of the treatment cell 250. A conductive inner tube 254 is connected to a first phase of a three phase electrical supply. Tubular conductors 256.1 to 256.6 are connected to a second phase of the three phase electrical supply and tubular conductors 258.1 to 258.6 are connected a third phase of the three phase electrical supply. It is to be appreciated that the electrodes 256 and 258 can also by in plate form, arranged in similar fashion.
The inventor found that the arrangements of electrodes shown in Figures 5 and 6 resulted in particular effective water treatment arrangements.
In use, wastewater is fed through the treatment plant 50, by means of gravity. Wastewater is directed through the treatment cells 52 to 70 past electrodes 20. The electrodes being powered by three-phase alternating current electric power, dissociates the wastewater. The treatment cells produce heat in excess of 1000C in the electron configuration described in Figure 5 and Figure 6 only as a result of the electrical current being passed through the wastewater. The wastewater is left to settle in a settling tank and the dissociated wastewater goes through a filtration process. After filtration the water is disinfected and stabilised.
The inventor believes that the invention provides a new method and apparatus for treating wastewater. In particular, it is believed that the apparatus provides an efficient and cost effective method of treating wastewater.
Claims
1. According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a water treatment cell, which includes an enclosure defining a longitudinal chamber having a liquid inlet at one end of the chamber for receiving water to be treated and a liquid outlet at another end of the chamber for discharging treated water, the longitudinal chamber defining a liquid flow path between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet along which water can be treated, before being discharged from the liquid outlet; a set of electrodes extending longitudinally along the liquid flow path, the electrodes being arranged radially about a centre of the liquid flow path; and electric terminals connectable to an electric power source, the terminals connected to the set of electrodes.
2. A water treatment cell as claimed in claim 1 , in which the chamber is of circular in cross section.
3. A water treatment cell as claimed in claim 2, in which the set of electrodes is arranged radially about the centre of the circular treatment chamber.
4. A water treatment cell as claimed in claim 3, which includes electrode mounting means for mounting the electrodes in the chamber.
5. A water treatment cell as claimed in claim 4 in which the electrode mounting means is in the form of spoked wheels.
6. A water treatment cell as claimed in claim 5, in which the electrode mounting means are longitudinally spaced along the water treatment cell to maintain a uniform spacing of the electrodes along the length of the chamber.
7. A water treatment cell as claimed in claim 1 , in which the electrodes are grouped according to an electrical source to which they are connected.
8. A water treatment cell as claimed in claim 7, in which for a multiphase alternating current electrical source, the electrodes are arranged in groups, each of which is connectable to a particular phase.
9. A water treatment cell as claimed in claim 8, in which the multiphase electrode groups are arranged to expose liquid in the chamber uniformly to all electrodes of each phase group.
10. A water treatment arrangement, which includes multiple water treatment cells as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, arranged in parallel flow with each other.
11. A water treatment arrangement as claimed in claim 10, which includes an input header, connected in flow communication with the liquid inlets of the water treatment cells and an output header connected in flow communication with the liquid outlets of the water treatment cells, the input header feeding operable to feed liquid to be treated into the water treatment cells and the output header operable to discharge treated water from the water treatment cells.
12. A method of treating water, which includes feeding water into at least one treatment cell, the treatment cell having an enclosure defining a treatment chamber through which liquid to be treated can be directed, in which chamber is disposed a set of electrodes extending longitudinally along a liquid flow path, the electrodes being arranged radially about a centre of the liquid flow path and connectable to an electrical power source; and applying an electrical current via the electrodes through liquid passing along the liquid flow path.
13. A method as claimed in claim 12, in which applying an electrical current includes applying any one of a direct current and an alternating current through the liquid.
14. A method as claimed in claim 13, in which an alternating current is applied through the liquid, which further includes applying a multi-phase electrical current through the liquid.
15. A water treatment cell as claimed in claim 1 , substantially as herein described and illustrated.
16. A water treatment arrangement as claimed in claim 10, substantially as herein described and illustrated.
17. A method of treating water as claimed in claim 12, substantially as herein described and illustrated.
18. A new water treatment cell, a new water treatment arrangement and a new method of treating water, substantially as herein described.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA200900397 | 2009-01-15 | ||
| ZA2009/00397 | 2009-01-15 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2010082099A2 true WO2010082099A2 (en) | 2010-07-22 |
| WO2010082099A3 WO2010082099A3 (en) | 2011-01-27 |
Family
ID=42340156
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IB2009/055903 WO2010082099A2 (en) | 2009-01-15 | 2009-12-22 | Water treatment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2010082099A2 (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040020861A1 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2004-02-05 | Lehmann Nikolaj K.J. | Electrochemical cell and electrochemical treatment of contaminated water |
| US20040026238A1 (en) * | 2000-06-28 | 2004-02-12 | Dietmar Ende | Water treatment device |
| US20040108222A1 (en) * | 2002-09-04 | 2004-06-10 | Michael Gattrell | High volumetric efficiency electrochemical cell design for treatment of low concentrations of contaminants in low conductivity water |
-
2009
- 2009-12-22 WO PCT/IB2009/055903 patent/WO2010082099A2/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040026238A1 (en) * | 2000-06-28 | 2004-02-12 | Dietmar Ende | Water treatment device |
| US20040020861A1 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2004-02-05 | Lehmann Nikolaj K.J. | Electrochemical cell and electrochemical treatment of contaminated water |
| US20040108222A1 (en) * | 2002-09-04 | 2004-06-10 | Michael Gattrell | High volumetric efficiency electrochemical cell design for treatment of low concentrations of contaminants in low conductivity water |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2010082099A3 (en) | 2011-01-27 |
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