WO2010078795A1 - 提高数据传输质量的方法、装置和系统 - Google Patents

提高数据传输质量的方法、装置和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010078795A1
WO2010078795A1 PCT/CN2009/075628 CN2009075628W WO2010078795A1 WO 2010078795 A1 WO2010078795 A1 WO 2010078795A1 CN 2009075628 W CN2009075628 W CN 2009075628W WO 2010078795 A1 WO2010078795 A1 WO 2010078795A1
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Prior art keywords
data
transmission
bit
message
rtp
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PCT/CN2009/075628
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨义成
赖志昌
唐欣
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2010078795A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010078795A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10Flow control; Congestion control
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0014Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the source coding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/08Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by repeating transmission, e.g. Verdan system
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/24Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
    • H04L47/2416Real-time traffic
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/24Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
    • H04L47/2441Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS relying on flow classification, e.g. using integrated services [IntServ]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/38Flow control; Congestion control by adapting coding or compression rate
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/65Network streaming protocols, e.g. real-time transport protocol [RTP] or real-time control protocol [RTCP]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/80Responding to QoS
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/04Protocols for data compression, e.g. ROHC

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communications, and more particularly to a method, apparatus, and system for improving data transmission quality. Background technique
  • IP networks Packet-switched networks based on the Internet Protocol (IP) have been booming in recent decades and become a global communication network. IP networks have the advantage of low cost. With the development of communication, traditional telecommunication services, including voice services, are increasingly using IP networks.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • VoIP Voice over IP
  • RTP real time protocol
  • UDP User Datagram Protocol
  • Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the VoIP protocol stack.
  • the IP network is originally designed to transmit asynchronous and non-real-time data services and is inherently unstable, the use of real-time voice services can bring inevitable transmission errors (including delay, jitter, packet loss, and chaos). Order), resulting in a decline in voice quality.
  • the general transmission protocol such as RTP itself, only guarantees the transmission of real-time data, and cannot provide a reliable transmission mechanism for transmitting packets in sequence.
  • the IP network is an unreliable network for wireless connection, but Real-time services require network service quality QoS to meet certain requirements. For example: Typical requirements are packet loss rate less than 1%, delay less than 100ms, and network jitter less than 20ms. Therefore, when the real-time service such as voice is carried over the IP network, in order to reduce the packet loss rate of the real-time service in the IP network, in addition to optimizing the IP bearer network, the network can also be used to resist network packet loss. Redundancy is the additional information other than the service information, which can be used to resist errors in the transmission. The proportion of redundant information in the total transmission information is called redundancy.
  • the redundancy mechanism can be used to resist errors in transmission
  • the redundant mechanism carries redundant information, which causes waste of network bandwidth; and increased bandwidth and redundant data packet length and The number is related, which results in lower transmission efficiency and increases the operator's operating costs. Summary of the invention
  • the embodiments of the present invention solve the problem that the existing redundancy mechanism carries redundant information, which causes waste of network bandwidth, thereby resulting in lower transmission efficiency and increasing the operating cost of the operator.
  • a method for improving the quality of data transmission including:
  • the performing the redundancy processing on the transport packet is specifically: the transport packet carries the content of the transport packet before the transport packet.
  • a data receiving method including:
  • the data receiving method uses the relatively important bits of the previous frame or frames and the non-significant bits of the current frame to recover the data of the previous frame or frames.
  • a data transmitting apparatus for improving data transmission quality including a data classification module and a data redundancy module;
  • the data classification module is configured to determine a classification condition of the transmission data or classify the transmission data;
  • the data redundancy module is configured to perform classification according to the transmission data determined by the data classification module, Redundant processing of transmitted messages;
  • a data transmission system for improving data transmission quality comprising a data receiving device and the above-mentioned data transmitting device;
  • a method for improving the quality of data transmission including:
  • a data transmitting apparatus including:
  • the redundancy module is configured to redistribute relatively important bits in the service data carried by the RTP packet that has been sent in the current real-time transport protocol RTP packet;
  • the sending module is configured to send the current RTP packet to the sending end.
  • a data receiving device including:
  • a receiving module configured to receive the RTP packet sent by the data sending apparatus
  • the recovery module recovers the lost service data by using relatively important bits of the RTP message redundancy.
  • the embodiment of the present invention classifies the transmission data, and performs redundancy processing on the transmission message according to the classification of the transmission data, so as not only the reorganization and recovery of the lost data packet can be realized in the case of packet loss, and The quality and transmission efficiency of data transmission can be further ensured when the packet loss rate is constant.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for improving data transmission quality according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • 2 is a schematic diagram of a VoIP voice message protocol stack in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a definition of an AMR voice frame format in the prior art
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a format of an RTP packet in the prior art
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a packet sending process when a previous RTP packet is redundant in the second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a packet sending process when multiple RTP packets are redundant before in the second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of a method for improving data transmission quality according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmitting apparatus and a data receiving apparatus according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. detailed description
  • the embodiment of the present invention performs redundancy processing on the transmission packet, which can not only reorganize and recover the lost data packet in the case of packet loss, but also can be lost in the packet.
  • the rate is certain, the data transmission quality and transmission efficiency are further guaranteed.
  • Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a method for improving data transmission quality. As shown in FIG. 1, the following steps are included:
  • Step 101 classify the transmitted data
  • the transmission data may be voice data or other service data. There may also be many methods for classifying the transmission data. Generally, in the data transmission field, the data may be classified according to the priority of the data, or may be based on the importance of the data. Classification, or classification according to different data types, the above classification methods generally have a certain correlation, such as data of higher importance The general priority will be higher.
  • transmission data has been classified, for example, for identifying and classifying certain data bits.
  • Step 102 Perform redundancy processing on the transmission packet according to the classification of the transmission data.
  • the redundant processing of the transmission message refers to resisting the packet loss during the transmission through the redundancy mechanism.
  • Redundancy is the extra transmission of information other than business information. It can be used to prevent errors in the transmission.
  • the proportion of redundant information in the total transmission information is called redundancy.
  • the transmission message In the transmission with the redundancy mechanism, the transmission message generally carries the content of the previous one or several messages, so that in the network environment where the packet is lost, the receiver can obtain relevant data from the subsequent packet, and realize the lost data. Packet reorganization and recovery, to solve the transmission quality problems caused by network packet loss.
  • the transmission data has been classified, when the transmission message is redundantly processed, it can be performed according to the classification of the transmission data. Specifically, according to the network transmission situation, priority can be given to those data classifications to improve the transmission quality.
  • the larger data classification is redundant.
  • the network congestion may be redundant or non-redundant. That is, in the transmission packet, the priority of carrying the previous one or more packets is more beneficial to improve the transmission quality.
  • Data classification similarly, it is also possible to classify data, for example, to classify relatively important data, such as data classification that has the greatest benefit to improve transmission quality, that is, carry only one or more of the previous ones in the transmission message. The data classification in the message that has the greatest benefit to improving transmission quality.
  • the above methods for improving the quality of data transmission can be dynamically triggered or statically configured.
  • the triggering threshold may be set according to the packet loss rate or the congestion indication.
  • the packet loss rate or the congestion indication exceeds the predetermined threshold, the method for improving the data transmission quality in the embodiment of the present invention is started.
  • the transmission data is classified, and the transmission packet is redundantly processed according to the classification of the transmission data, so that the reassembly and recovery of the lost data packet can be realized not only in the case of packet loss. Moreover, the quality of the data transmission and the transmission efficiency can be further ensured under the condition that the packet loss rate is constant.
  • Embodiment 2
  • AMR adaptive multi-rate
  • VoIP is a service with high real-time requirements, and the RTP protocol is generally used as a bearer protocol.
  • RTP is a transport protocol for multimedia data streams over IP networks.
  • RTP is defined as a one-to-one or one-to-many transmission case, the purpose of which is to provide time information and media stream synchronization.
  • the typical application of RTP is based on UDP.
  • the typical VoIP voice message protocol stack is shown in Figure 2.
  • Step 201 classify the transmitted voice data.
  • the common AMR voice frame format definition is as shown in FIG. 3, and includes an AMR header (AMR Header), which is composed of a frame type (Frame Type) and a frame quality indicator (Frame Quality Indicator); AMR auxiliary information (AMR Auxiliary) Information), consisting of Mode Indication, Mode Request, and Codec Cyclic Redundancy Check (Codec CRC); AMR Core Frame, as can be seen from Figure 3,
  • the AMR core frame (that is, the normal AMR voice frame) includes three types of bits: A, B, and C.
  • the class A bit is the most important bit and is most sensitive to errors. Any error of class A bit can cause serious distortion of speech quality. Errors in Class B and Class C bits only reduce voice quality.
  • Step 202 Perform redundancy processing on the transmission packet according to the classification of the voice data.
  • the proportion of the class A bit in the entire voice frame is less than 50%, so the solution in the embodiment of the present invention
  • the bit type that has a significant impact on the voice quality such as the class A bit in the normal AMR coding mode, can save the transmission overhead, improve the transmission efficiency, and save the voice quality.
  • Operator's OPEX Of course, it is also possible to only redefine Class B bits, but the effect will be worse than Class A.
  • the bits of the previous or previous frames that have a significant impact on the voice quality are redundant.
  • the important bits of the previous frame or frames and the non-significant bits of the current frame are used to recover.
  • Voice data of one frame or several frames are used to recover.
  • the packet sending process is as shown in FIG. 5: (where T is the interval at which the packet is received, and t is the packet processing delay).
  • the redundancy scheme of this embodiment can be triggered by events, that is, packets are redundant, and no packets are not redundant. For example, packets 1, 2, 3, and 4 are received in sequence, and the processing delay of the packets is assumed to be t.
  • Voice quality affects important bits, such as Class A bits, and so on.
  • the timestamp offset in the redundant message is a signed value, which can be positive or negative. It can be calculated according to the actual situation of the received message, which can indicate whether it is out of order.
  • the solution can be dynamically triggered or statically configured.
  • the dynamic triggering of the solution may depend on the packet loss rate, and the user sets the trigger threshold according to the packet loss rate or the congestion indication.
  • the packet loss rate exceeds the predetermined threshold, the RTP packet redundancy in the embodiment of the present invention is started. Program.
  • the trigger threshold can also be manually configured by the user, and is not described here.
  • the solution of the second embodiment of the present invention performs RTP redundancy only for the class A bits that have a significant impact on the voice quality, thereby ensuring voice quality and saving bandwidth, thereby saving the operator's OPEX.
  • A is the subjective average score value (MOS, Mean Opinion Score) of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • B is the MOS value without the redundancy scheme, and C is the MOS value using the existing redundancy scheme.
  • the MOS value of the embodiment of the present invention can reach 3.45972.
  • the definition of VoIP voice quality in Table 2 can still reach the upper-middle level.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can also preferentially classify the class A bits according to the network congestion condition. For example, when the network is congested, the priority class A bits are preferentially When the network congestion condition is improved, the B-class and/or C-type bits with lower redundancy priority are continued, and the redundancy can be dynamically performed according to the network congestion condition to ensure the voice quality to the utmost.
  • Embodiment 3
  • the third embodiment of the present invention can perform redundancy processing on two or more types of classified data according to the classification of the data; for example, the normal AMR voice frame includes A, B, C three types of bits, when the AMR CODEC MODE is 10.2 or 12.2, this embodiment can preferentially redeem the bits of the A and B types, that is, the current message preferentially contains the first or a few messages.
  • Class A and Class B bits, or only Class A and Class B bits are redundant, and Class C bits are not redundantly processed, that is, the current message contains only Class A and B in the previous or several texts.
  • the bit of the class; the specific processing manner and the process are similar to the foregoing embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the performing the redundancy processing on the transmission packet is: the transmission packet carries the content of the transmission packet before the transmission packet.
  • the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk or the like.
  • the fourth embodiment of the present invention provides a data transmitting apparatus 81 for improving transmission quality, and the apparatus includes a data classification module 811 and a data redundancy module 812;
  • the data classification module 811 is configured to determine a classification of the transmission data or to classify the transmission data.
  • the data redundancy module 812 is configured to perform redundancy on the transmission packet according to the classification of the transmission data determined by the data classification module 811. Specifically, the data redundancy module 812 performs redundancy processing on data of a relatively important classification in the transmission data; or, the data redundancy module is optimized. The data of the relatively important classification in the transmission data is first processed redundantly.
  • the data transmitting apparatus in the fourth embodiment of the present invention performs the redundancy processing on the transmission data by classifying the transmission data according to the classification condition of the transmission data, so that the lost data can be realized not only in the case of packet loss.
  • the reassembly and recovery of the packet, and the quality and transmission efficiency of the data transmission can be further ensured under the condition that the packet loss rate is constant.
  • the present invention further provides a system for data transmission.
  • the system includes the data transmitting device 81 in the foregoing fourth embodiment.
  • the data transmission system in this embodiment further includes a data receiving device.
  • the data receiving apparatus includes a data recovery module 821.
  • the data recovery module 821 uses the relatively important bits of the previous frame or frames and the non-significant bits of the current frame to recover the previous frame or A few frames of data.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 provides a method for improving the quality of data transmission, including the following steps:
  • Step 91 In the current RTP packet, redundantly the relatively important bits in the service data carried by the RTP packet that has been sent.
  • the transmitting end uses the RTP packet to carry the service data to be sent, and in the RTP packet, the relatively important bits in the service data carried by the RTP packet that has been sent are redundant.
  • the service data refers to data carried in the payload area of the RTP packet, such as VoIP data or AMR voice data.
  • the RTP packet that has been sent may be one or more RTP packets sent before the current RTP packet.
  • the service data may be voice data
  • a relatively important bit is a bit that has an important influence on voice quality in voice data carried by an RTP message.
  • the RTP message carries AMR voice data
  • the AMR voice data is classified into Class A bits, Class B bits, and Class C bits
  • Class A bits are compared to Class B bits.
  • a relatively important bit; Class A bits and Class B bits are relatively important bits relative to Class C bits.
  • Step 92 Send the current RTP packet to the receiving end.
  • the method provided in this embodiment may further include the following steps:
  • Step 93 After receiving the RTP packet, the receiving end recovers the service data by using the redundant relatively important bits in the RTP packet.
  • the receiver finds that the previous RTP packet of the RTP packet is lost, and the receiving end recovers the redundant significant bit in the RTP packet.
  • the service data carried by the lost RTP packet is not limited to the RTP packet.
  • the recovery method may be: using the relatively important bits of the current RTP message redundancy, filling the relatively important bits in the lost service data, and filling the relatively non-important with other data (such as the data in the current RTP message). Bit.
  • the embodiment shown in Fig. 10 shows a data transmitting apparatus 101 and a data receiving apparatus 102.
  • the data transmitting device 101 includes the following modules:
  • the redundancy module 1011 is configured to carry the service data to be sent in the RTP packet, and the relatively important bits in the service data carried by the RTP packet that has been sent in the RTP packet;
  • the sending module 1012 is configured to send the current RTP packet to the data receiving device 102.
  • the service data may be voice service data, and the relatively important bit is a bit that has an important influence on voice quality in voice data carried by an RTP message.
  • the voice data may be AMR voice data, and the relatively important bit is A.
  • the class bits, or the relatively important bits, are class A bits plus class B bits.
  • the data receiving device 102 includes the following modules:
  • the receiving module 1021 is configured to receive the RTP packet sent by the data sending apparatus 101.
  • the recovery module 1022 recovers the lost service data by using the redundant relatively important bits in the RTP packet received by the receiving module 1021.
  • the apparatus provided in this embodiment only redundantly stores relatively important bits when the service data has been redundantly transmitted in the RTP packet, thereby ensuring both voice quality and bandwidth.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Description

提高数据传输质量的方法、 装置和系统
本申请要求于 2008 年 12 月 29 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 200810241964. X , 发明名称为"一种提高数据传输质量的方法、 装置和系 统"的中国专利申请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及通信领域, 尤其是一种提高数据传输质量的方法、 装 置和系统。 背景技术
基于网际互联协议 ( IP, Internet Protocol )的分组交换网络在近几十年来 得到了蓬勃的发展, 成为覆盖全球的通信网络。 IP网络具有低成本等优势。 随着通信的发展, 包括语音业务在内的传统的电信业务也越来越多的使用 IP 网络 载。
基于 IP的语音(VoIP, Voice over IP )是实时性要求较高的业务, 一般 使用实时传输协议(RTP, real time protocol )作为承载协议。 RTP是针对 IP 网络上多媒体数据流的一个传输协议。 RTP被定义为一对一或一对多的传输 情况下工作, 其目的是提供时间信息和媒体流同步。 RTP的典型应用是建立 在用户数据报协议( UDP , User Datagram Protocol )之上, 典型的 VoIP语音 •艮文协议栈如图 2所示, 为 VoIP协议栈示意图。
但是由于 IP网络最初是为传输异步且非实时的数据业务以及它自身具有 不稳定性, 所以用来承载实时的语音业务会带来不可避免的传输错误(包括 时延、 抖动、 丟包以及乱序) , 从而造成语音质量的下降。
一般的传输协议, 如 RTP本身只保证实时数据的传输, 不能为按顺序传 送数据包提供可靠的传输机制, 同时 IP网络是面向无线接的不可靠网络, 但 实时业务又要求网络服务质量 QoS达到一定的要求。 例如: 典型要求为丟包 率小于 1%、 延时小于 100ms、 网络抖动小于 20ms。 因此, 在 IP网络上承载 语音等实时业务时, 为减少 IP网络中实时业务的报文丟包率, 除了优化 IP 承载网络外, 还可以通过冗余机制抵抗网络丟包。 冗余即为额外传输的除业 务信息以外的信息, 可以用来抵抗传输中出现的错误, 冗余信息在总的传输 信息中的比例称为冗余度。
发明人发现, 冗余机制虽然可以用来抵抗传输中出现的错误, 但是由于 冗余机制携带了多余的信息, 会造成网络带宽的浪费; 并且增加的带宽和冗 余的数据报文长度和个数有关, 由此带来较低的传输效率, 增加了运营商的 运营成本。 发明内容
本发明实施例解决了现有的冗余机制携带多余的信息, 造成网络带宽的 浪费, 并由此带来较低的传输效率, 增加了运营商的运营成本的问题。
一方面, 提供了一种提高数据传输质量的方法, 包括:
根据传输数据的分类, 对传输报文进行冗余处理;
所述对传输报文进行冗余处理具体为: 所述传输报文携带该传输报文之 前的传输报文的内容。
另一方面, 还提供了一种数据接收方法, 包括:
按数据帧的顺序接收数据; 并且, 所述数据接收方法在发生网络丟包时, 使用前一帧或者几帧的相对重要比特和当前帧的非重要比特来恢复前一帧或 者几帧的数据。
再一方面, 还提供了一种提高数据传输质量的数据发送装置, 包括数据 分类模块和数据冗余模块;
所述数据分类模块用于确定传输数据的分类情况或者对传输数据进行分 类; 所述数据冗余模块用于根据所述数据分类模块确定的传输数据的分类, 对传输报文进行冗余处理;
再一方面, 还提供了一种提高数据传输质量的数据传输系统, 所述系统 包含数据接收装置以及上述提到的数据发送装置;
再一方面, 还提供了一种提高数据传输质量的方法, 包括:
在当前实时传输协议 RTP报文中,冗余已经发送的 RTP报文承载的业务 数据中相对重要的比特位;
向接收端发送所述当前 RTP报文。
再一方面, 还提供了一种数据发送装置, 包括:
冗余模块, 用于在当前实时传输协议 RTP报文中, 冗余已经发送的 RTP 报文承载的业务数据中相对重要的比特位;
发送模块, 用于向发送端发送所述当前 RTP报文。
最后, 还提供了一种数据接收装置, 包括:
接收模块, 用于接收到上述的数据发送装置发送的 RTP报文;
恢复模块, 利用所述 RTP报文冗余的相对重要的比特位恢复丟失的业务 数据。
本发明实施例通过对传输数据进行分类, 并根据传输数据的分类情 况, 对传输报文进行冗余处理, 不但可以在出现丟包的情况下, 实现对已 丟失数据包的重组和恢复, 并且可以在丟包率一定的情况下, 进一步的保 证数据传输的质量和传输效率。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案, 下面将对实 施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面 描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例, 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲, 在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1为本发明实施例一提供的提高数据传输质量的方法流程示意图; 图 2为现有技术中 VoIP语音报文协议栈的示意图;
图 3为现有技术中 AMR语音帧格式定义的示意图;
图 4为现有技术中 RTP报文格式示意图;
图 5为本发明实施例二中冗余前一个 RTP报文时报文发送流程示意图; 图 6为本发明实施例二中冗余前多个 RTP报文时报文发送流程示意图; 图 7为本发明实施例二方案仿真结果示意图;
图 8为本发明实施例四提供的系统结构示意图;
图 9为本发明实施例五提供的提高数据传输质量的方法流程示意图; 图 10为本发明实施例六提供的数据发送装置和数据接收装置的结构示 意图。 具体实施方式
如前所述, 本发明实施例根据传输数据的分类, 对传输报文进行冗余处 理, 不但可以在出现丟包的情况下, 实现对已丟失数据包的重组和恢复, 并 且可以在丟包率一定的情况下, 进一步的保证数据传输质量和传输效率。
为使本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚, 以下以具体实施例的方 式, 结合附图, 对本发明提供的技术方案进行详细描述。 实施例一
本发明实施例一提供了一种提高数据传输质量的方法, 如图 1所示, 包 括下面的步骤:
步骤 101 : 对传输数据进行分类;
传输数据可能是语音数据, 也可能是其他业务数据; 而对传输数据进行 的分类, 也可能有许多方法, 一般在数据传输领域, 可以根据数据的优先级 进行分类, 也可以根据数据的重要程度进行分类, 或者根据数据类型的不同 等进行分类, 上述分类方式一般都有一定的关联, 例如重要性比较高的数据 一般优先级就会比较高。
在某些传输编码格式中, 已经对传输数据进行了分类, 例如对于对某些 特定的数据比特进行标识和分类等。
步骤 102: 根据传输数据的分类, 对传输报文进行冗余处理;
所述对传输报文进行冗余处理, 是指通过冗余机制抵抗传输过程中的丟 包。 冗余即为额外传输除业务信息以外的信息, 可以用来 ·!氏抗传输中出现的 错误, 冗余信息在总的传输信息中的比例称为冗余度。 在采用冗余机制的传 输中, 传输报文一般携带其前一个或几个报文的内容, 以便在丟包的网络环 境下, 接收方可以从后续包中获取相关数据, 实现对已丟失数据包的重组和 恢复, 解决由于网络丟包所导致的传输质量问题。
由于传输数据已经进行过分类, 在对传输报文进行冗余处理的时候, 可 以根据传输数据的分类情况进行, 具体的, 可以根据网络传输情况, 优先对 那些数据分类中, 对提高传输质量益处较大的数据分类进行冗余, 对于其他 分类可以视网络拥塞情况进行冗余或者不冗余, 即在传输报文中, 优先携带 前一个或者多个报文中的对提高传输质量益处较大的数据分类; 类似的, 也 可以只对数据分类中, 对相对重要的数据分类, 例如对提高传输质量益处最 大的数据分类进行冗余, 即在传输报文中, 只携带前一个或者多个报文中的 对提高传输质量益处最大的数据分类。
上述提高数据传输质量的方法可以动态触发也可以静态配置。
如果是动态触发, 则可以依据丟包率或拥塞指示来设置触发门限, 当丟 包率或者拥塞指示超出预定门限时, 则启动本发明实施例提高数据传输质量 的方法。
本发明实施例一通过对传输数据进行分类,并根据传输数据的分类情况, 对传输报文进行冗余处理, 不但可以在出现丟包的情况下, 实现对已丟失数 据包的重组和恢复, 并且可以在丟包率一定的情况下, 进一步的保证数据传 输的质量和传输效率。 实施例二
下面以利用 RTP 的冗余机制传输自适应多速率 (AMR , Adaptive Multi-Rate )语音数据包为例, 详细说明本发明实施例的技术方案。
VoIP是实时性要求较高的业务, 一般使用 RTP协议作为承载协议。 RTP 是针对 IP网络上多媒体数据流的一个传输协议。 RTP被定义为一对一或一对 多的传输情况下工作, 其目的是提供时间信息和媒体流同步。 RTP的典型应 用是建立在 UDP之上, 典型的 VoIP语音报文协议栈如图 2所示。
步骤 201: 对传输的语音数据进行分类;
在 3GPP TS 26.101中,普通 AMR语音帧格式定义如图 3所示,包含 AMR 头 ( AMR Header ) , 由帧类型 ( Frame Type )和帧质量标识 ( Frame Quality Indicator )组成; AMR辅助信息( AMR Auxiliary Information ) , 由模式标识 ( Mode Indication ) 、 模式请求( Mode Request )和编码解码器循环冗余码校 验( Codec CRC )组成; AMR核心帧( AMR Core Frame ) , 从图 3中可以看 出, AMR核心帧(即普通 AMR语音帧)中包含 A、 B、 C三类比特。 其中 A 类比特是最重要的比特, 对错误最敏感, 任何 A类比特的错误都会导致语音 质量严重失真。 B类和 C类比特的错误只是降低语音质量。
在 8种 AMR语音帧中, A、 B和 C类比特数如表 1所示:
Frame Type AMR Total number Class A Class B Class C codec mode of bits
0 4. 75 95 42 53 0
1 5. 15 103 49 54 0
2 5. 90 118 55 63 0
3 6. 70 134 58 76 0
4 7. 40 148 61 87 0
5 7. 95 159 75 84 0
6 10. 2 204 65 99 40
Figure imgf000009_0001
步骤 202: 根据语音数据的分类情况, 对传输报文进行冗余处理; 从上述表 1中可以看出, A类比特在整个语音帧中所在比例小于 50%, 所以在本发明实施例的方案中, RTP报文中可以仅冗余对语音质量有重要影 响的比特类型, 比如普通 AMR编码模式中的 A类比特, 这样, 可以在保持 语音质量的同时, 节省传输开销, 提高传输效率, 节省运营商的 OPEX; 当 然, 也可以仅冗余 B类比特, 但是效果会比 A类差。
RTP ^艮文格式如图 4所示。
在 RTP报文中冗余前一或者前几帧的对语音质量有重要影响的比特, 在 发生网络丟包时候, 使用前一帧或者几帧的重要比特和当前帧的非重要比特 来恢复前一帧或者几帧的语音数据。
具体的, 当前报文对前一个报文进行冗余时,报文发送流程如图 5所示: (其中 T为接收报文的时间间隔, t为报文处理时延) 。
1.本实施例的冗余方案可以按事件触发, 即有报文就冗余, 没有报文不 冗余。 比如依次收到报文 1、 2, 3、 4, 假设报文的处理时延为 t。 在 T+t时 刻发送报文 1 (没有冗余) , 在 2T+t时刻中发送 RTP报文 1/2 , 2是当前 报文, 1是冗余报文, 其内容是报文 1 的对语音质量影响重要的比特, 如 A 类比特, 以此类推。
2.从每个报文接收时刻算起, 往后一个 T 时间内没有收到新报文, 那么 当前的报文不冗余。 (如图 4中的报文 4就没有进行冗余,只发当前报文 )。
3.冗余报文里面的时间戳偏移是带符号数值, 可正可负, 根据接收到的 报文实际情况计算, 这样可以标示是否乱序。
该方案可以动态触发也可以静态配置。
该方案的动态触发可以依赖于丟包率, 用户依据丟包率或拥塞指示来设 置触发门限, 当丟包率超出预定门限时, 启动本发明实施例的 RTP报文冗余 方案。
触发门限也可以支持用户手工配置, 在此不再贅述。
当前报文对之前多个报文进行冗余时, 采用本发明实施例方法的具体流 程如图 6所示, 与前述流程类似, 在此不再贅述。
本发明实施例二的方案仅对语音质量有重要影响的 A类比特进行 RTP冗 余, 这样既能保证语音质量, 又能节省带宽, 从而节省运营商的 OPEX。
发明人经过仿真,使用本发明实施例二的方法对普通 AMR 12.2K的语音 进行冗余, 其 IP层的效率为 41/(41+11+12+8+20)=51.25%。 和现有的 RTP冗 余方案比效率提升了 17.64%。 大大降低了运营商的 OPEX。
利用本发明实施例二的方法针对普通 AMR 12.2K的语音,其仿真效果如 图 7所示, 图 7中, A为本发明实施例方案的主观平均得分值(MOS , Mean Opinion Score), B为没有采用冗余方案的 MOS值, C为采用现有的冗余方 案的 MOS值。
从图 7可以看出, 在丟包率达到 10%的时候, 本发明实施例方案的 MOS 值还能达到 3.45972。 根据通信行业标准 YD/T 1071-2000 《IP电话网关设备技 术要求》得到的表 2中的 VoIP语音质量定义, 仍能够达到中等偏上的级别。
Figure imgf000010_0001
本领域技术人员可以理解, 本发明实施例也可以根据网络拥塞情况, 优 先对 A类比特进行冗余, 例如, 在网络较为拥塞时, 优先冗余 A类比特, 在 网络拥塞状况改善时, 再视情况继续冗余优先级较低的 B类和 /或 C类比特, 从而能根据网络拥塞状况, 动态的进行冗余, 最大限度的保证语音质量。 实施例三
本发明实施例三与实施例二的区别在于, 本发明实施三可以根据数据的 分类情况, 同时对两类或者两类以上的分类数据进行冗余处理; 例如, 普通 AMR语音帧中包含 A、 B、 C三类比特, 在 AMR CODEC MODE为 10.2或 者 12.2时,本实施例可以优先对 A类和 B类的比特进行冗余, 即当前报文中 优先包含前一个或者几个报文中的 A类和 B类的比特, 或者只对 A类和 B 类的比特进行冗余, 对 C类比特不进行冗余处理, 即当前报文中只包含前一 个或者几个 文中的 A类和 B类的比特; 具体处理方式和流程和前述实施例 类似, 在此不再贅述。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分步骤 是可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成, 的程序可以存储于一种计算机可读 存储介质中, 该程序在执行时, 包括如下步骤:
根据传输数据的分类, 对传输报文进行冗余处理; 所述对传输报文进行 冗余处理具体为: 所述传输报文携带该传输报文之前的传输报文的内容。
上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器, 磁盘或光盘等。 实施例四
如图 8所示, 本发明实施例四提供了一种提高传输质量的数据发送装置 81 , 所述装置包含数据分类模块 811和数据冗余模块 812;
所述数据分类模块 811用于确定传输数据的分类情况或者对传输数据进 行分类; 所述数据冗余模块 812用于根据所述数据分类模块 811确定的传输 数据分类, 对传输报文进行冗余处理; 具体的, 所述数据冗余模块 812只对 传输数据中相对重要分类的数据进行冗余处理; 或者, 所述数据冗余模块优 先对传输数据中相对重要的分类的数据进行冗余处理。
本发明实施例四中的数据发送装置, 通过对传输数据进行分类, 并根据 传输数据的分类情况, 对传输报文进行冗余处理, 不但可以在出现丟包的情 况下, 实现对已丟失数据包的重组和恢复, 并且可以在丟包率一定的情况下, 进一步的保证数据传输的质量和传输效率。
另外, 本发明还提供了一种数据传输的系统, 如图 8所示, 所述系统包 括前述实施例四中的数据发送装置 81 , 同时, 本实施例中的数据传输系统还 包括数据接收装置 82, 所述数据接收装置包含数据恢复模块 821 , 所述数据 恢复模块 821在发生网络丟包时, 使用前一帧或者几帧的相对重要比特和当 前帧的非重要比特来恢复前一帧或者几帧的数据。 实施例五
如图 9所示, 图 9所示的实施例提供了一种提高数据传输质量的方法, 包括如下步骤:
步骤 91、 在当前 RTP报文中, 冗余已经发送的 RTP报文承载的业务数 据中相对重要的比特位。
发送端利用 RTP报文承载待发送的业务数据, 同时, 在该 RTP报文中, 冗余已经发送的 RTP报文承载的业务数据中相对重要的比特位。
业务数据指 RTP报文的净荷区承载的数据, 例如 VoIP数据或者 AMR 语音数据等。
该已经发送的 RTP报文, 可以是当前 RTP报文之前发送的一个或多个 RTP才艮文。
作为一个示例, 该业务数据可以是语音数据, 相对重要的比特位为一个 RTP报文承载的语音数据中, 对语音质量有重要影响的比特位。
例如, 如果 RTP报文承载的是 AMR语音数据, 而 AMR语音数据分 A 类比特位、 B类比特位以及 C类比特位, 则相对于 B类比特位, A类比特位 为相对重要的比特位; 相对于 C类比特位, A类比特位和 B类比特位为相对 重要的比特位。在冗余已经发送的 RTP报文的时候,可以只冗余 A类比特位, 或者可以只冗余 A类比特位和 B类比特位。
步骤 92、 向接收端发送所述当前 RTP报文。
本实施例提供的方法, 在 RTP报文中冗余已经发送的业务数据时, 只冗 余相对重要的比特位, 从而既能够保证语音质量, 又能节省带宽。
进一步的, 本实施例提供的方法, 还可以包括如下步骤:
步骤 93、 接收端接收到 RTP报文后, 利用 RTP报文中冗余的相对重要 的比特位恢复业务数据。
例如, 当接收端接收到步骤 92发送的 RTP报文后, 经解析发现该 RTP 报文的前一 RTP报文丟失,则接收端利用 RTP报文中冗余的相对重要的比特 位, 恢复该丟失的 RTP报文承载的业务数据。
该恢复的方法可以为, 利用当前的 RTP报文冗余的相对重要比特位, 填 充丟失的业务数据中相对重要比特位, 并利用其它数据(如当前 RTP报文中 的数据 )填充相对非重要的比特位。 实施例六
如图 10所示, 图 10所示的实施例给出了一种数据发送装置 101和数据 接收装置 102。
数据发送装置 101包括如下模块:
冗余模块 1011 ,用于在 RTP报文承载需要发送的业务数据,并在该 RTP 报文中冗余已经发送的 RTP报文承载的业务数据中相对重要的比特位;
发送模块 1012, 用于向数据接收装置 102发送所述当前 RTP报文。
该业务数据可以为语音业务数据, 相对重要的比特位为一个 RTP报文承 载的语音数据中, 对语音质量有重要影响的比特位。
例如, 该语音数据, 可以为 AMR语音数据, 该相对重要的比特位为 A 类比特位, 或者该相对重要的比特位为 A类比特位加 B类比特位。
而数据接收装置 102, 则包括如下模块:
接收模块 1021 , 用于接收数据发送装置 101发送的 RTP报文; 恢复模块 1022, 利用接收模块 1021接收的 RTP报文中冗余的相对重要 比特位, 恢复已经丟失的业务数据。
本实施例提供的装置, 在 RTP报文中冗余已经发送的业务数据时, 只冗 余相对重要的比特位, 从而既能够保证语音质量, 又能节省带宽。 最后应说明的是: 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案, 而非对其 限制; 尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明, 本领域的普通技术 人员应当理解: 其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改, 或 者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换; 而这些修改或者替换, 并不使相应技 术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种提高数据传输质量的方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
根据传输数据的分类, 对传输报文进行冗余处理;
所述对传输报文进行冗余处理具体为: 所述传输报文携带该传输报文之 前的传输报文的内容。
2、 根据权利要求 1中所述的提高数据传输质量的方法, 其特征在于, 所 述传输报文携带的之前的传输报文的内容中, 只包含传输数据中相对重要分 类的数据。
3、 根据权利要求 1中所述的提高数据传输质量的方法, 其特征在于, 所 述传输报文携带的之前的传输报文的内容中, 优先包含传输数据中相对重要 分类的数据。
4、 根据权利要求 1中所述的提高数据传输质量的方法, 其特征在于, 所 述传输报文携带该传输报文之前的传输报文内容具体为, 所述传输报文携带 其相邻的前一个或多个传输 ·艮文的内容。
5、根据权利要求 1至 4中所述的提高数据传输质量的方法,其特征在于, 所述传输是使用 RTP 协议作为承载协议进行的数据传输; 所述传输数据为 AMR语音数据; 所述冗余处理为利用 RTP报文冗余机制进行的冗余处理。
6、 一种数据接收方法, 所述方法包括步骤:
按数据帧的顺序接收数据;
其特征在于, 所述数据接收方法在发生网络丟包时, 使用前一帧或者几 帧的相对重要比特和当前帧的非重要比特来恢复前一帧或者几帧的数据。
7、 一种数据发送装置, 其特征在于, 所述装置包括数据分类模块和数据 冗余模块;
所述数据分类模块用于确定传输数据的分类情况或者对传输数据进行分 类;
所述数据冗余模块用于根据所述数据分类模块确定的传输数据的分类, 对传输报文进行冗余处理。
8、 根据权利要求 7中所述的数据发送装置, 其特征在于, 所述数据冗余 模块对传输报文进行冗余处理, 具体包括, 所述数据冗余模块只对传输数据 中相对重要分类的数据进行冗余处理; 或者, 所述数据冗余模块优先对传输 数据中相对重要的分类的数据进行冗余处理。
9、 一种数据传输的系统, 其特征在于, 所述系统包含数据接收装置如权 利要求 7或者 8中所述的数据发送装置; 所述数据接收装置用于接收所述数 据发送装置发送的数据。
10、 根据权利要求 9中所述的数据传输的系统, 其特征在于, 所述数据 接收装置进一步包括数据恢复模块, 所述数据恢复模块在发生网络丟包时, 使用前一帧或者几帧的相对重要比特和当前帧的非重要比特来恢复前一帧或 者几帧的数据。
11、 一种提高数据传输质量的方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
在当前实时传输协议 RTP报文中,冗余已经发送的 RTP报文承载的业务 数据中相对重要的比特位;
向接收端发送所述当前 RTP报文。
12、 如权利要求 11所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述业务数据为语音业务 数据, 所述相对重要的比特位为 RTP报文承载的语音数据中, 对语音质量有 重要影响的比特位。
13、 如权利要求 11所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述业务数据为 AMR语 音数据; 所述相对重要的比特位为 A类比特位, 或者所述相对重要的比特位 为 A类比特位加 B类比特位。
14、 如权利要求 11所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法还包括: 所述接收端接收到所述当前 RTP报文后,利用所述当前 RTP报文冗余的 相对重要的比特位恢复丟失的业务数据。
15、 一种数据发送装置, 其特征在于, 所述装置包括: 冗余模块, 用于在当前实时传输协议 RTP报文中, 冗余已经发送的 RTP 报文承载的业务数据中相对重要的比特位;
发送模块, 用于向发送端发送所述当前 RTP报文。
16、 如权利要求 15所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述业务数据为语音业务 数据, 所述相对重要的比特位为 RTP报文承载的语音数据中, 对语音质量有 重要影响的比特位。
17、 如权利要求 15所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述业务数据为 AMR语 音数据; 所述相对重要的比特位为 A类比特位, 或者所述相对重要的比特位 为 A类比特位加 B类比特位。
18、 一种数据接收装置, 其特征在于, 所述装置包括:
接收模块, 用于接收到如权利要求 15 - 17 所述的数据发送装置发送的 RTP才艮文;
恢复模块, 利用所述 RTP报文冗余的相对重要的比特位恢复丟失的业务 数据。
PCT/CN2009/075628 2008-12-29 2009-12-16 提高数据传输质量的方法、装置和系统 WO2010078795A1 (zh)

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