WO2010076686A2 - Tissue with improved dispersibility - Google Patents
Tissue with improved dispersibility Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010076686A2 WO2010076686A2 PCT/IB2009/055326 IB2009055326W WO2010076686A2 WO 2010076686 A2 WO2010076686 A2 WO 2010076686A2 IB 2009055326 W IB2009055326 W IB 2009055326W WO 2010076686 A2 WO2010076686 A2 WO 2010076686A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tissue
- percent
- dispersibility
- opacity
- weight percent
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
- A47K10/00—Body-drying implements; Toilet paper; Holders therefor
- A47K10/16—Paper towels; Toilet paper; Holders therefor
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/002—Tissue paper; Absorbent paper
Definitions
- the invention resides in a soft tissue having a bone dry basis weight from about 15 to about 35 grams per square meter, a geometric mean tensile strength from about 500 to about 1000 grams per 3 inches of width and a Dispersibility (hereinafter defined) of about 1.5 cycles or less.
- the invention resides in a soft tissue having a bone dry basis weight from about 15 to about 35 grams per square meter and from about 0.5 to about 5 dry weight percent of an Enhanced Fiber Additive (hereinafter defined), said tissue having a geometric mean tensile strength from about 500 to about 1000 grams per 3 inches of width and a Dispersibility of about 1.5 cycles or less.
- a "soft tissue” is sheet of cellulosic papermaking fibers suitable for use as a bath tissue. Such soft tissue sheets are characterized by a relatively high bulk and low stiffness (as measured by the geometric mean slope).
- the soft tissue sheet bulk can be about 3 cubic centimeters or greater per gram of fiber, more specifically from about 4 to about 20 cubic centimeters per gram of fiber (cc/g), and still more specifically from about 5 to about 10 cc/g.
- the geometric mean slope of the soft tissue sheet can be from about 1 to about 10 kilograms, more specifically from about 1.5 to about 8 kilograms, and still more specifically from about 2 to about 6 kilograms.
- an "Enhanced Fiber Additive" is a known seed-based fiber additive, such as fibers derived from corn or soybeans, which have been modified by acid treatment. The acid treatment may optionally be followed by a mild acid chlorite solution, a peroxide solution, or a combination of both.
- the resulting Enhanced Fiber Additive is high in hemicellulose, which increases fiber- to-fiber bonding, and is normally used as a strength agent in high density papers.
- the production and uses of Enhanced Fiber Additives is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 6,902,649 B1 entitled "Enhanced Fiber Additive; and Use", issued June 7, 2005 to Satyavolu et al., which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- a commercially available line of Enhanced Fiber Additive is available from Cargill, Incorporated, Minneapolis, Minnesota, under the trade name HemiForceTM.
- the amount of Enhanced Fiber Additive in the soft tissue can be from about 0.5 to about 5 dry weight percent, more specifically from about 0.5 to about 4 dry weight percent, and still more specifically from about 1 to about 3 dry weight percent.
- the bone dry basis weight of the soft tissues of this invention can be from about 15 to about 15 to about 35 grams per square meter (gsm), more specifically from about 15 to about 30 gsm, and more specifically from about 15 to about 25 gsm.
- the geometric mean tensile strength (GMT) of the soft tissues of this invention can be from about 500 to about 1000 grams per 3 inches of width, more specifically from about 500 to about 900 grams per 3 inches of width, and still more specifically from about 550 to about 650 grams per 3 inches of width.
- the GMT is sometimes reported as "grams”.
- the Dispersibility of the soft tissues of this invention can be about 1.5 cycles or less, more specifically from about 0.5 to about 1.5 cycles, more specifically from about 0.5 to about 1.0 cycle, and still more specifically about 1.0 cycle.
- the opacity of the soft tissues of this invention can be from about 42.0 to about 47.0 percent, more specifically from about 42.0 to about 46.5 percent, and still more specifically from about 42.5 to about 46.5 percent.
- the fiber opacity efficiency for the tissues of this invention which is the ratio of the opacity divided by the bone dry basis weight and is a measure of the efficiency of the fibers in providing opacity to the tissue sheet, can be about 2.5 percent/gsm or greater, more specifically from about 2.5 to about 3.0 percent/gsm , and still more specifically from 2.56 to 2.70 percent/gsm.
- Suitable papermaking fibers particularly include, without limitation, softwood and hardwood fibers.
- the term "furnish” means the papermaking fibers, such as the softwood and hardwood fibers, used to make the tissue, excluding other furnish components or additives, such as EFA.
- the amount of softwood fibers in the furnish can be from about 5 to about 40 dry weight percent, more specifically from about 10 to about 40 percent, more specifically from about 10 to about 30 percent, and still more specifically from about 10 to about 20 percent.
- the amount of hardwood fibers in the furnish can be from about 60 to about 95 dry weight percent, more specifically from about 60 to about 90 dry weight percent, more specifically from about 70 to about 90 percent, and still more specifically from about 80 to about 90 dry weight percent. Relatively speaking, higher amounts of softwood fibers will increase tensile strength, while higher levels of hardwood fibers will increase surface softness and opacity.
- any ranges of values set forth in this specification contemplate all values within the range and are to be construed as written description support for claims reciting any sub-ranges having endpoints which are whole number or otherwise of like numerical values within the specified range in question.
- a disclosure in this specification of a range of from 1 to 5 shall be considered to support claims to any of the following ranges: 1-5; 1-4; 1-3; 1-2; 2-5; 2-4; 2-3; 3-5; 3-4; and 4-5.
- a disclosure in this specification of a range from 0.1 to 0.5 shall be considered to support claims to any of the following ranges: 0.1-0.5; 0.1-0.4; 0.1- 0.3; 0.1-0.2; 0.2-0.5; 0.2-0.4; 0.2-0.3; 0.3-0.5; 0.3-0.4; and 0.4-0.5.
- any values prefaced by the word "about” are to be construed as written description support for the value itself.
- a range of "from about 1 to about 5" is to be interpreted as also disclosing and providing support for a range of "from 1 to 5", “from 1 to about 5" and “from about 1 to 5".
- sheet “bulk” is calculated as the quotient of the sheet “caliper” (hereinafter defined), expressed in microns, divided by the basis weight, expressed in grams per square meter. The resulting sheet bulk is expressed in cubic centimeters per gram. More specifically, the sheet caliper is the representative thickness of a single sheet measured in accordance with TAPPI test methods T402 "Standard Conditioning and Testing Atmosphere For Paper, Board, Pulp Handsheets and Related Products” and T41 1 om-89 “Thickness (caliper) of Paper, Paperboard, and Combined Board” with Note 3 for stacked sheets.
- the micrometer used for carrying out T41 1 om-89 is an Emveco 200-A Tissue Caliper Tester available from Emveco, Inc., Newberg, Oregon.
- the micrometer has a load of 2 kilo-Pascals, a pressure foot area of 2500 square millimeters, a pressure foot diameter of 56.42 millimeters, a dwell time of 3 seconds and a lowering rate of 0.8 millimeters per second.
- the "geometric mean tensile strength” is the square root of the product of the machine direction tensile strength multiplied by the cross- machine direction tensile strength.
- the "machine direction (MD) tensile strength” is the peak load (grams-force) per 3 inches (76.2 mm) of sample width when a sample is pulled to rupture in the machine direction.
- the "cross-machine direction (CD) tensile strength” is the peak load per 3 inches (76.2 mm) of sample width when a sample is pulled to rupture in the cross-machine direction.
- the “stretch” is the percent elongation of the sample at the point of rupture during tensile testing. The procedure for measuring tensile strength is as follows.
- Samples for tensile strength testing are prepared by cutting a 3 inches (76.2 mm) wide by 5 inches (127 mm) long strip in either the machine direction (MD) or cross-machine direction (CD) orientation using a JDC Precision Sample Cutter
- the instrument used for measuring tensile strengths is an MTS Systems Sintech 11 S, Serial No. 6233.
- the data acquisition software is MTS TestWorks® for Windows Ver. 3.10 (MTS Systems Corp., Research Triangle Park, NC).
- the load cell is selected from either a 50 Newton or 100 Newton maximum, depending on the strength of the sample being tested, such that the majority of peak load values fall between 10 - 90% of the load cell's full scale value.
- the gauge length between jaws is 4 ⁇ 0.04 inches (101.6 ⁇ 1 mm). The jaws are operated using pneumatic-action and are rubber coated.
- the minimum grip face width is 3 inches (76.2 mm), and the approximate height of a jaw is 0.5 inches (12.7 mm).
- the crosshead speed is 10 ⁇ 0.4 inches/min (254 ⁇ 1 mm/min), and the break sensitivity is set at 65%.
- the sample is placed in the jaws of the instrument, centered both vertically and horizontally. The test is then started and ends when the specimen breaks. The peak load is recorded as either the "MD tensile strength" or the "CD tensile strength" of the specimen depending on direction of the sample being tested. At least six (6) representative specimens are tested for each product or sheet, taken “as is", and the arithmetic average of all individual specimen tests is either the MD or CD tensile strength for the product or sheet.
- GM Slope The "geometric mean slope” is the square root of the product of the machine direction tensile slope and the cross-machine direction tensile slope.
- the tensile slope is the least squares regression slope of the load/elongation curve described above measured over the range of 70-157 grams (force). The slope is in kilograms per unit elongation (i.e. 100% strain) for a 76.2 mm (3 inches) wide sample, but for purposes of simplicity sometimes reported herein as "kilograms”.
- "Dispersibility” is a measure of the propensity of a tissue product to break apart when placed in water under mild agitation.
- the sample to be tested is a single "sheet" which, for purposes herein and well understood within the tissue industry, is the segment of the bath tissue sheet located between consecutive lines of perforation. It can consist of one or more plies. Such sheets are typically about 4 inches square. The actual size, however, is not particularly important since the size of the slosh box is sufficiently large to accommodate any known tissue sheets. For purposes of testing tissue sample basesheets, which have not been converted into actual final product, a 4 inches-by- 4 inches sample is sufficient.
- the slosh box used for the dynamic break-up of the sample consists of a plastic box having inside dimensions measuring 18 inches wide (as viewed from the front), 12 inches deep (front to back) and 6.5 inches high. It is constructed from 0.5 inch thick Plexiglas® and is provided with a tightly fitting lid. The slosh box rests securely on a rocking platform and rocks back and forth from short side (12 inch end) to short side (opposite 12 inch end). The underside of the platform is attached to a reciprocating cam. In operation, the rotational movement of the cam cyclically raises one side of the platform and thereby also lowers the corresponding side of the slosh box, pivoting at the center of the box.
- the amplitude of the rocking motion of the one side of the slosh box is + 2 inches (a range of 4 inches from the top to the bottom of the rocking cycle).
- the rotational speed of the cam is set to a constant speed of 26 revolutions per minute (+ 2 revolutions per minute), which results in 43 slosh cycles per minute.
- a "cycle” consists of one "up and down" motion of the slosh box.
- the slosh box Prior to testing, the slosh box is filled with 2000 ml ⁇ 20 ml of a soak solution.
- the soak solution consists of distilled water mixed with 0.25 teaspoon of sodium bicarbonate in order to keep the pH of the soak solution higher than 7.
- the temperature of the soak solution is maintained at 23°C ⁇ 3°C.
- Solution is drained and the box chamber is rinsed and refilled between each specimen characterization.
- the tissue sample is placed flat on the surface of the water in the slosh box and the slosh box is started immediately. The break-up of the sample in the slosh box is visually observed and the number of complete cycles required to separate the sample into two distinct pieces is recorded.
- ply separation does not constitute separation of the sample into two distinct pieces for purposes of this test. Instead, at least one of the plies must separate into two distinct pieces.
- Five replicates of the tissue sample are tested. The observed number of cycles needed to break up the test samples is averaged to achieve a Dispersibility value (in “cycles") for the product sample.
- "opacity” is measured using a Technibrite Micro TB-1 C tester, which is well known in the paper industry, available from Technidyne Corporation, 100 Quality Avenue, New Albany, Indiana, USA.
- the Technibrite Micro TB-1 C tester which is a dual beam optical system, is a fully automatic microprocessor-controlled instrument that provides brightness, color, opacity and fluorescence in conformance with ISO and other international standards. Tests are conducted in a standard laboratory atmosphere (23°C ⁇ 1 0 C and 50% ⁇ 2 % humidity) following the instructions for the instrument. For measuring tissue opacity, the QC routine is used with the black body cup and with the Y (green) filter in the active position. When taking measurements, the operator should avoid taking readings in areas of the sample which contain printing or perforations. Measurements should be taken on the outside of the sheet (the side of the sheet that consumers would see). Fifteen representative samples should be tested and the results averaged to obtain a value for the particular product. The measurement values represent reflectance and are expressed as a percent.
- Single-ply bath tissue basesheet was produced in a conventional manner on a pilot scale tissue machine. More particularly, a tissue web was formed on a forming fabric, transferred to a felt, and thereafter transferred to a Yankee dryer in a conventional manner. The tissue web was dried to approximately 95 percent consistency on the Yankee dryer and creped using standard creping technology. The resulting creped tissue sheet was wound into a parent roll for testing.
- the tissue furnish was a blended furnish comprising eucalyptus hardwood (HW) fibers and refined northern softwood kraft (SW) fibers. Prior to formation of the web, the northern softwood fibers were pulped for 30 minutes at 2.5 percent consistency, while the eucalyptus hardwood fibers were pulped at 2 percent consistency.
- HW eucalyptus hardwood
- SW northern softwood kraft
- the northern softwood fibers were refined for 5 minutes.
- the pulp mix (expressed as bone dry weight percent) was 39.2 percent SW, 58.8 percent HW, and 2 percent Cargill HemiForceTM Enhanced Fiber Additive (EFA).
- EFA Cargill HemiForceTM Enhanced Fiber Additive
- the EFA was diluted to below 2 percent consistency and allowed to mix in the blended stock chest for 20 minutes before starting formation of the tissue web.
- the tissue machine speed (the speed of the Yankee dryer) was 50 feet per minute (fpm).
- a single-ply bath tissue was made as described in Example 1 , except the pulp mix was 19.8 percent SW, 79.2 percent HW and 1 percent EFA.
- a single-ply bath tissue was made as described in Example 1 , except the pulp mix was 9.7 percent SW, 87.3 percent HW and 3 percent EFA.
- a single-ply bath tissue was made as described in Example 1 , except the softwood fibers were not refined and the pulp mix was 40 percent SW and 60 percent HW. No EFA was added to the pulp mix.
- Example 6 A single-ply bath tissue was made as described in Example 1 , except the softwood fibers were refined for 9 minutes and the pulp mix was 40 percent SW and 60 percent HW. No EFA was added to the pulp mix.
- Example 6 Control 3).
- a single-ply bath tissue was made as described in Example 1 , except the pulp mix was 40 percent SW and 60 percent HW. No EFA was added to the pulp mix.
- a single-ply bath tissue was made as described in Example 1 , except the pulp mix was 39.6 percent SW, 59.4 percent HW and 1 percent EFA.
- the tissues of this invention have an improved Dispersibility and better opacity (as measured by the ratio of the opacity divided by the basis weight) at a fixed geometric mean tensile strength.
- the Control 1 sample had very good Dispersibility (1 cycle) by not refining the softwood fibers in the furnish. However, that sample also had a very low geometric mean tensile strength of 311 grams.
- the Control 4 sample which included 1 dry weight percent EFA in the fiber furnish, had a good geometric mean tensile strength of 597 grams, but a higher Dispersibility (1.8 cycles), which was only somewhat better than the best of the commercially available bath tissues (2 cycles for the Albertson's product). Therefore, to further improve the Dispersibility, the furnish was adjusted for the inventive samples to include additional hardwood fiber and/or EFA.
- the EFA content of the furnish was increased to 2 dry weight percent.
- the hardwood portion of the furnish was increased to approximately 80 percent and 90 percent, respectively. In all cases, the Dispersibility was 1 cycle and the geometric mean tensile strength was above 550 grams.
- the increase in the hardwood portion of the furnish increased the Dispersibility of the product (i.e. reduced the number of cycles) and increased the opacity of the product. This is thought to be due to the higher fiber count and reduced fiber length associated with the substitution of hardwood fiber for a portion of the softwood fiber.
- the higher fiber count of the hardwood pulp is thought to have increased the opacity and the lower fiber length is thought to have increased the product Dispersibility.
- the increase in hardwood fiber content also decreased the tensile strength of the product, perhaps reducing it below the required strength level. This was countered, where necessary, by further increasing the level of EFA as the EFA provided improved strength and fiber opacity efficiency as well as good Dispersibility.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1111298A GB2478491A (en) | 2008-12-29 | 2009-11-25 | Tissue with improved dispersibility |
MX2011007044A MX2011007044A (en) | 2008-12-29 | 2009-11-25 | Tissue with improved dispersibility. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/344,854 US20100163197A1 (en) | 2008-12-29 | 2008-12-29 | Tissue With Improved Dispersibility |
US12/344,854 | 2008-12-29 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2010076686A2 true WO2010076686A2 (en) | 2010-07-08 |
WO2010076686A3 WO2010076686A3 (en) | 2010-09-23 |
Family
ID=42283465
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB2009/055326 WO2010076686A2 (en) | 2008-12-29 | 2009-11-25 | Tissue with improved dispersibility |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20100163197A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2478491A (en) |
MX (1) | MX2011007044A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2010076686A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013013813A1 (en) * | 2011-07-28 | 2013-01-31 | Cargill, Incorporated | Compositions for use in the wet-end of papermaking |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9206555B2 (en) | 2013-01-31 | 2015-12-08 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Tissue having high strength and low modulus |
US8702905B1 (en) | 2013-01-31 | 2014-04-22 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Tissue having high strength and low modulus |
US9890502B2 (en) | 2015-04-30 | 2018-02-13 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Tissue products comprising high carbohydrate content fillers |
EP4232632A1 (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2023-08-30 | Stora Enso Oyj | A moulding material, a method for preparing such material and a moulded product |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5958187A (en) * | 1994-03-18 | 1999-09-28 | Fort James Corporation | Prewettable high softness paper product having temporary wet strength |
US6059928A (en) * | 1995-09-18 | 2000-05-09 | Fort James Corporation | Prewettable high softness paper product having temporary wet strength |
US20050178515A1 (en) * | 2002-06-19 | 2005-08-18 | Michael Ryan | Strong and dispersible paper products |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2253932C (en) * | 1997-03-31 | 2007-12-18 | Fort James Corporation | Soft bulky single-ply tissue paper |
US6979386B1 (en) * | 1999-08-23 | 2005-12-27 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Tissue products having increased absorbency |
KR20020047239A (en) * | 1999-10-15 | 2002-06-21 | 패트릭 알 그루버 | Fibers from plant seeds and use |
US6613954B1 (en) * | 2000-04-20 | 2003-09-02 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Dispersible absorbent products and methods of manufacture and use |
US6630195B1 (en) * | 2000-11-21 | 2003-10-07 | Cargill, Incorporated | Process for producing oilseed protein products |
JP2004530875A (en) * | 2001-04-13 | 2004-10-07 | カーギル、インコーポレイテッド | Agricultural and / or food raw material evaluation methods, applications and products |
US7419569B2 (en) * | 2004-11-02 | 2008-09-02 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Paper manufacturing process |
US8133825B2 (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2012-03-13 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Dispersible wet wipes |
-
2008
- 2008-12-29 US US12/344,854 patent/US20100163197A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2009
- 2009-11-25 MX MX2011007044A patent/MX2011007044A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-11-25 GB GB1111298A patent/GB2478491A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-11-25 WO PCT/IB2009/055326 patent/WO2010076686A2/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5958187A (en) * | 1994-03-18 | 1999-09-28 | Fort James Corporation | Prewettable high softness paper product having temporary wet strength |
US6059928A (en) * | 1995-09-18 | 2000-05-09 | Fort James Corporation | Prewettable high softness paper product having temporary wet strength |
US20050178515A1 (en) * | 2002-06-19 | 2005-08-18 | Michael Ryan | Strong and dispersible paper products |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013013813A1 (en) * | 2011-07-28 | 2013-01-31 | Cargill, Incorporated | Compositions for use in the wet-end of papermaking |
CN103732827A (en) * | 2011-07-28 | 2014-04-16 | 卡吉尔公司 | Compositions for use in the wet-end of papermaking |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB201111298D0 (en) | 2011-08-17 |
US20100163197A1 (en) | 2010-07-01 |
WO2010076686A3 (en) | 2010-09-23 |
GB2478491A (en) | 2011-09-07 |
MX2011007044A (en) | 2011-07-20 |
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