WO2010060122A9 - Élément de boulon d'ancrage - Google Patents

Élément de boulon d'ancrage Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2010060122A9
WO2010060122A9 PCT/ZA2009/000101 ZA2009000101W WO2010060122A9 WO 2010060122 A9 WO2010060122 A9 WO 2010060122A9 ZA 2009000101 W ZA2009000101 W ZA 2009000101W WO 2010060122 A9 WO2010060122 A9 WO 2010060122A9
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
component
formations
rock bolt
undercut
sleeve
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ZA2009/000101
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2010060122A1 (fr
Inventor
Jarmo Uolevi Leppanen
Original Assignee
Sandvik Mining And Construction Rsa (Pty) Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sandvik Mining And Construction Rsa (Pty) Ltd filed Critical Sandvik Mining And Construction Rsa (Pty) Ltd
Priority to CN2009801459661A priority Critical patent/CN102239310A/zh
Priority to AU2009316296A priority patent/AU2009316296A1/en
Publication of WO2010060122A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010060122A1/fr
Publication of WO2010060122A9 publication Critical patent/WO2010060122A9/fr
Priority to ZA2011/02954A priority patent/ZA201102954B/en

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
    • E21D21/0046—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts formed by a plurality of elements arranged longitudinally
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B7/00—Connections of rods or tubes, e.g. of non-circular section, mutually, including resilient connections
    • F16B7/22—Connections of rods or tubes, e.g. of non-circular section, mutually, including resilient connections using hooks or like elements

Definitions

  • rock includes rock strata, a cementitious body or similar hard material.
  • Support structures such as hydraulically or mechanically extensible steel jacks, elongate wooden supports, mat packs, mechanically actuated or grouted rock bolts or cable anchors, and bags or tubes which are filled with a settable material, have all been used to provide support.
  • the volume of resin which is needed to fill an annular space in a hole, around a bolt shank, can be high and the resin is expensive. Moreover, if the quantity of resin is large, then the bonding strength of the resin could be reduced and the steel anchor might not be able to carry its designed load. It is also difficult to assess the quality of the installation because the shank must be rotated, at the time of installation, to break the resin capsules and to mix the resin. Inadequate or excessive rotation adversely affects the shear strength of the resin.
  • a nut which is engaged with a protruding threaded end of the shank is tightened against a face plate which is engaged with the shank and which bears against the rock face.
  • the protruding end of the shank remains exposed. This is undesirable because the protruding shank can severely restrict movement of men and machinery in a shallow excavation.
  • the invention provides a rock bolt component which includes an elongate rod which has a body with opposed first and second ends and, at the first end, a set of first locking formations and wherein at least one of the locking formations has a undercut surface which is transverse to a longitudinal axis of the rod.
  • Each locking formation may be in the form of a rib and a respective recess may be positioned between each adjacent pair of ribs.
  • undercut implies that the respective formation is only engageable with a complemental formation in a similar rod with a sliding action in which one rod is moved transversely to a longitudinal axis of the other rod.
  • the undercut locking formation is such that when a complemental formation on a second rod is engaged therewith there is a natural tendency for the rods to be longitudinally aligned with each other.
  • This may be achieved by forming the undercut surface with an arcuate or V-shape when viewed from one side (not in cross section).
  • the rod may include a set of second locking formations at the second end.
  • the second formations may be complemental to the shape of the first locking formations.
  • An objective is that if the first formations on a first component are engaged with the second formations on a second component a joint which is thereby established between the components is able to transfer tensile stress in excess of a predetermined minimum and the maximum width of the joint (in a direction which is transverse to a longitudinal axis of the joint) should not be meaningfully greater than the width or diameter of the body of either component.
  • the first formations are undercut formations which are arcuate with respect to a longitudinal axis of the rod.
  • Each formation may be a rib which is flanked by opposed recesses and which has opposed side walls which are inclined to a longitudinal axis of the body so that an outermost surface of the rib is wider than a base of the rib.
  • the first formations may be axially displaced from one other at the first end.
  • the second formations are complemental in shape to the first formations the aforementioned features, relating to the first formations, appiy with equal effect to the second formations.
  • a surface of the body may include mixing or anchoring formations of any suitable type.
  • the component includes an anchoring formation or mechanism at one end of the rod.
  • This formation or mechanism can be of any suitable form.
  • a wedge arrangement is used which, when activated, expands or increases the effective cross-sectional dimension of this end of the rod.
  • the invention also provides a rock bolt which includes at least first and second rock bolt components, each rock bolt component being of th i e aforementioned kind, wherein the first formations of the first component are engaged with the second formations of the second component by moving one component laterally relatively to a longitudinal axis of the other component. The lateral movement may take place in a straight line or alternatively with an arcuate motion.
  • the rock bolt may include a third rock bolt component, of the aforementioned kind, which is engaged in a similar manner to what has been described, to the second component. The process may be repeated to increase the overall length of the rock bolt.
  • a tubular sleeve may be threadedly engaged with the second end of the first rock bolt component.
  • the sleeve may include a formation which is engageable with an external tool so that the sleeve can be rotated in a first direction or in a second direction which opposes the first direction.
  • An end of the sleeve, remote from the first rock bolt component, may be engagable with a load-distributing washer.
  • the invention also provides a rock bolt which includes a first component which has a body with a first end and a second end, a tubular sleeve which is threadedly engaged with the second end, a lock which allows for the transfer of torque between the first component and the sleeve so that the sleeve and the first component can be rotated, in unison, in a first direction, and which allows the sleeve to be rotated relatively to the first component in a second direction which is opposite the first direction, and a second component which is axially aligned with the first component, the two components including complementary interengaged tensile load and torque-transferring undercut formations at abutting ends.
  • the sleeve which is engaged with the first component is preferably connected to a load-transferring washer.
  • the undercut formations of the first and second components may be interengaged with one another by moving one component transversely to a longitudinal axis of the other component. This movement may be in a straight line but preferably is along an arcuate path.
  • the invention also provides a method of extending the length of a shank of a rock bolt which includes a first component with an elongate body and a plurality of tensile load and torque-transferring undercut formations at one end of the body, the method including the step of engaging tensile load and torque-transferring undercut formations at an end of a second component with the formations on the first component.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of a rock bolt according to one form of the invention
  • Figure 2 shows the rock bolt of Figure 1 in cross section
  • Figure 3 is a side view on an enlarged scale of a joint which is being made between two adjacent components in the rock bolt of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 4 is a view on an enlarged scale and in cross-section of one end of the rock bolt in Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 5 is a view on an enlarged scale and in cross-section of a joint between two adjacent components in the rock boit;
  • Figures 6 shows the rock bolt in the process of installation
  • Figure 7 illustrates an upper end of the rock bolt
  • Figures 8 and 9 are similar to Figures 5 and 6 respectively, illustrating a variation of the invention.
  • Figure 10 is similar to Figure 4, illustrating a variation of the invention. DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
  • Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings illustrates from one side a rock bolt 10 according to the invention which includes a first component 12 and a number of additional components 14. As will become apparent from the following description the components 14 are substantially identical except for one uppermost component (in Figure 1) designated 14A.
  • the number of components which can be included in the rock bolt can be varied according to requirement.
  • the rock bolt is shown from one side and in cross-section in Figure 2.
  • the component 12 also partially shown in enlarged cross-section in Figure 4, has an elongate body 16 with a first end 8 and a second end 20.
  • the body externally, has a number of fluted formations 22, see Figure 1 , which assist with resin or grout mixing and which also act as retention or keying formations, when the rock bolt is installed.
  • the first end 18 is formed with a first plurality of formations 24 which are shown on an enlarged scale and in cross-section in Figure 5 and in Figure 6.
  • the formations are irregular in shape but, generally speaking, are undercut.
  • the formations can be categorised as two ribs 24A and 24B respectively and two slots 24C and 24D respectively.
  • the rib 24A has a flat outer surface 26 which is substantially parallel to longitudinal axes 28 and 28A of the components, and sloping walls 28 and 30 respectively with surfaces which taper towards each other away from the flat outer surface 26.
  • the slot 24C has a flat base 32 and is bounded by the wall 30 on one side and by a wali 34 which is substantially at a right angle to the longitudinal axes 28 and 28A.
  • the rib 24B has a flat outer face surface 36 and is flanked by the wall 34 and a wall 38 with a surface which slopes away from the surface 36 so that this rib, too, is undercut.
  • the slot 24D has a flat base 40 which is bounded by the sloping wall 38 and an opposed wall 42.
  • the component 14 which is adjacent the component 12 has a first end 40 and a second end 46.
  • the second end shown in enlarged detail and in cross-section in Figure 5 is configured with a plurality of formations 48 which conform in cross-sectional shape to the formations 24. Due to the undercut nature of the ribs and slots it is evident that the formations 48 are only engageable with the formations 24 if one set of formations is moved transversely to the longitudinal axes 28 and 28A so that the formations can be interengaged with a sliding action with each other.
  • Figure 3 is a view which is displaced by 90°, about the axes 28 and 28A, relative to the view in Figure 5.
  • the component 12 is shown in dotted outline at a position at which the component is aligned with the component 14, and in solid outline at a position at which the longitudinal axis 28 of the component 2 is inclined to the longitudinal axis 28A of the component 14.
  • the formations 24A to 24D extend transversely to the longitudinal axis 28. There are two possibilities in this connection. If the sides of the ribs and slots (30, 34, 38 and 42) are each at a right angle to the longitudinal axes 28 and 28A then one component is moved linearly transversely to the other component in order to cause interengagement of the complemental ribs and slots.
  • the surfaces 30, 34, 38 and 42 can each lie on an arc which is centred on the longitudinal axis 28.
  • An opposing end of the sleeve 68 has an enlarged flared section 76 which abuts a rim 78 of a load-distributing washer 80 which has a central hole 82 through which the sleeve extends.
  • a drive formation 84 is formed internally on the projecting flared section 76.
  • the component 4A which is at an end of the rock bolt 0 which is remote from the load-distributing washer 80 has an inner end 88 which carries formations 90 which are similar to the formations 24.
  • An outer end 92 of the body 94 of the component 14A is split in an axial sense by a longitudinally extending slot 96, see Figure 7.
  • An elongate wedge member 98 has a leading end 100 which is inserted into the slot 96 so that sides of the wedge member are frictiona!ly engaged with opposing sides of the slot.
  • Figure 2 shows the assembled rock bolt in cross-section and Figure 6 shows the rock bolt on an enlarged scale and installed in a hole 102 formed in a body of rock 104 from a rock face 106.
  • the rock bolt 10 is readily assembled on site.
  • the component 14A with the wedge member 98 is inserted into the hole 102 but with the end 88 projecting slightly from the hole.
  • An adjacent component 14 is then connected to the component 14A essentially in the manner shown in Figure 3 i.e. by tilting the member 14 relatively to a longitudinal axis of the member 14A and then with a sideways, slightly arcuate motion causing the undercut formations at abutting ends of the components to engage with each other.
  • the component 14 is moved into the hole and the component 14A is advanced towards an end of the hole.
  • the last component to be added to the assembly is the component 12 which carries the load-distributing washer 80.
  • the component 12 and washer 80 are delivered to an installation site in an assembled state.
  • the threaded shank 64 is screwed home fully into the sleeve 68 so that the sleeve protects the thread on the shank against damage.
  • the washer is displaced from the rock face 106.
  • the hole 102 is drilled to a length which ensures that a leading end 108 of the wedge member 98 abuts an end 10 of the hole 102. It is therefore possible to set the rock bolt, in a mechanical sense, by applying an impact force to the protruding end 76 in order to drive the components axiaiiy into the hole 102.
  • the wedge member 98 is then driven into the slot 96 and the end 92 of the component 14A is thereby expanded in a radial sense.
  • Torque can be transferred in an anti-clockwise direction from the sleeve 68 to a remainder of the rock bolt by virtue of the locking wire 74 which prevents the sleeve from unscrewing from the threaded shank 64.
  • the settable material resin or grout
  • the sleeve can then advance in a threaded manner along the shank 64 and, in the process, the distributing washer 80 is compressed against the rock face 106 and the bolt is stressed in an axial direction.
  • the direction of the thread on the shank, and hence on the sleeve is exemplary only for a right hand thread may conventionally prevail in some countries and a left hand thread in other countries.
  • FIG. 8 which is similar to Figure 5, illustrates interengaged formations 124 and 146 at abutting ends 118 and 146 respectively of modified components 12 and 114 respectively.
  • a comparison of Figure 5 with Figure 8 shows that the formations 124 and 48 are each in the nature of a dove tail whereas in Figure 5 one set of formations has flat sides which are at a right angle to the longitudinal axes 28 and 28A.
  • the dove tail arrangement shown in Figure 8 is slightly more difficult to machine than the arrangement shown in Figure 5.
  • Figure 9 is similar to Figure 6 and shows the components 12 and 114 in a rock bolt 10A.
  • a leading end of the rock bolt does not have the wedge structure shown in Figure 7.
  • the rock bolt is grouted or fixed by means of a resin in place and thereafter is tensioned by advancing the threaded sleeve 68 which is located at a mouth of the hole 102 at the rock face 106.
  • Figure 10 shows another variation of the invention.
  • a resiliently compressible element 184 made for example from a rubber block, lies on an inner surface 186 of the washer 80.
  • the rubber element has a central passage 188 through which the tubular sleeve 68 passes.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un boulon d'ancrage (10) qui comprend au moins deux tiges (14) allongées, alignées axialement et dotées d'extrémités (18) adjacentes qui communiquent par un mouvement (50) relatif transversal à un axe longitudinal (28A), ce qui permet de mettre en prise par transfert de charge et de traction de couple des formes crénelées (24) sur une tige avec des formes complémentaires présentes sur l'autre tige.
PCT/ZA2009/000101 2008-11-18 2009-11-18 Élément de boulon d'ancrage WO2010060122A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2009801459661A CN102239310A (zh) 2008-11-18 2009-11-18 岩栓部件
AU2009316296A AU2009316296A1 (en) 2008-11-18 2009-11-18 Rock bolt component
ZA2011/02954A ZA201102954B (en) 2008-11-18 2011-04-20 Rock bolt component

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA200809513 2008-11-18
ZA2008/09513 2008-11-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010060122A1 WO2010060122A1 (fr) 2010-05-27
WO2010060122A9 true WO2010060122A9 (fr) 2010-07-15

Family

ID=41572359

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/ZA2009/000101 WO2010060122A1 (fr) 2008-11-18 2009-11-18 Élément de boulon d'ancrage

Country Status (4)

Country Link
CN (1) CN102239310A (fr)
AU (1) AU2009316296A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010060122A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA201102954B (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106014462A (zh) * 2016-05-26 2016-10-12 孙清 一种锚索防截的方法

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7704156U1 (fr) * Knorr-Bremse Gmbh, 8000 Muenchen
US2192048A (en) * 1937-09-11 1940-02-27 Mueller Carl Expansion coupling
FR2304770A1 (fr) * 1975-03-18 1976-10-15 Bergwerksverband Gmbh Ancrage de roche
DE2707304C3 (de) * 1977-02-19 1980-01-24 Bergwerksverband Gmbh, 4300 Essen Mehrteiliger Versenk-Klebanker
US4293244A (en) * 1979-07-30 1981-10-06 Waimea Company Inc. Pick arm anchor assembly
AUPQ623300A0 (en) * 2000-03-15 2000-04-06 Celtite Pty Ltd Improvements to strata control
US20030231925A1 (en) * 2002-06-13 2003-12-18 Ching-Cheng Chen Visual inspection coupler
AU2003902774A0 (en) * 2003-06-03 2003-06-19 Dunefire Pty Ltd Rock bolt
CN2756707Y (zh) * 2003-11-17 2006-02-08 陶纪南 后胀开胀裂式速效预应力注浆锚杆

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2010060122A1 (fr) 2010-05-27
CN102239310A (zh) 2011-11-09
ZA201102954B (en) 2011-12-28
AU2009316296A1 (en) 2010-05-27

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