WO2010034244A1 - 路由发布、安装方法及网络节点设备 - Google Patents

路由发布、安装方法及网络节点设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010034244A1
WO2010034244A1 PCT/CN2009/074180 CN2009074180W WO2010034244A1 WO 2010034244 A1 WO2010034244 A1 WO 2010034244A1 CN 2009074180 W CN2009074180 W CN 2009074180W WO 2010034244 A1 WO2010034244 A1 WO 2010034244A1
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Prior art keywords
route
network
node device
routing
attribute
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PCT/CN2009/074180
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐小虎
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华为技术有限公司
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/16Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
    • H04L69/167Adaptation for transition between two IP versions, e.g. between IPv4 and IPv6
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/02Topology update or discovery
    • H04L45/033Topology update or discovery by updating distance vector protocols

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to network communication technologies, and in particular, to a route advertisement, installation method, and network node device
  • IPv4 Internet Protocol Version 4
  • IPv6 IPv6
  • tunneling technology IP address translation technology with protocol conversion (Network Address).
  • Tunnel technology is mainly divided into the following two categories: manual tunneling technology and automatic tunneling technology. Among them, manual tunneling technology is generally low in usage due to the large amount of manual configuration required.
  • IPv4-compatible tunneling technology There are two main types of automatic tunnels: One is IPv4-compatible tunneling technology, and the IPv4-compatible IPv6 address format is ": :IPv4", that is, 96 bits (bit) are added in front of the IPv4 address to form a special IPv6 address. .
  • IPv4-compatible IPv6 address format is ": :IPv4", that is, 96 bits (bit) are added in front of the IPv4 address to form a special IPv6 address.
  • This tunneling technology does not solve the problem of insufficient IPv4 addresses, so it is not optimistic.
  • 6to4 (IPv6 to IPv4) tunneling technology Another type of tunneling technology.
  • the tunneling technology is applicable to multiple IPv6 island networks interconnected through IPv4 networks, where IPv4 and IPv6 routers are called 6to4 border routers.
  • Each IPv6 site network obtains a special IPv6 address prefix with an embedded IPv4 address in the format "2002: IPv4 addr::/48".
  • Inside The embedded IPv4 address is an IPv4 address of the interface of the 6to4 border router of the IPv6 site that is reachable in the IPv4 network.
  • the 6to4 tunnel technology can automatically obtain the end point of the tunnel by using the IPv4 address embedded in the destination address of the IPv6 packet.
  • the inventor found in the process of implementing the present invention that, due to the 6to4 tunneling technology, the IPv6 address is automatically derived from a globally unique IPv4 address of the 6to4 node of the site network, and the IPv6 address and the IPv4 address of the 6to4 border router. There is a strong correlation, which leads to poor IPv6 address allocation and usage. For example: When an IPv6 site network is replaced with a 6to4 border router connected to an IPv4 network, the IPv6 site network must be re-addressed internally.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a route publishing, installation method and network node device, which solves the technical problem that the IPv6 address allocation and the use flexibility are poor after the interconnection of multiple IP v6 networks through the IPv4 network.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a route installation method, where at least two first IP networks are interconnected by a second IP network, and the first IP network and the second IP network are connected by a border router.
  • the routing installation method includes:
  • the node device in the second IP network detects whether the route in the route entry in the local routing information database carries the originator attribute, and the value of the originator attribute is the boundary router in the second a second IP network address reachable in the IP network;
  • the virtual aggregation node is responsible for issuing a super prefix route, and is responsible for installing a detailed prefix route covered by the super prefix.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a route publishing method, where at least two first IP networks are interconnected by a second IP network, and the first IP network and the second IP network are connected by a border router, Route publishing methods include:
  • the node device of the second IP network carries an originator attribute in a route update message for advertising the first IP network route, and the value of the originator attribute is the border router in the second IP network. Reachable second IP network Network address
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a network node device, where at least two first IP networks are interconnected by a second IP network, and the first IP network and the second IP network are connected by a border router, where the network The node device is located on the second IP network, and includes:
  • the detecting unit is configured to detect whether a route in the routing entry in the local routing information database carries an originator attribute, where the value of the originator attribute is reachable by the border router in the second IP network. Second IP network address;
  • a determining unit configured to: when the detecting unit detects that the route in the routing entry carries the originator attribute, determine whether the network node device is a virtual aggregation node of the route;
  • a routing table installation unit when the judging unit judges that the network node device is a virtual aggregating node of the route, installing the route to a routing table, and setting the originator as the route One hop, the outbound interface type is a tunnel interface; or when the route in the routing entry does not carry the originator attribute, the route is installed to the routing table;
  • the virtual aggregation node is responsible for issuing a super prefix route, and is responsible for installing a detailed prefix route covered by the super prefix.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a network node device, where at least two first IP networks are interconnected by a second IP network, and the first IP network and the second IP network are connected by a border router, where the network node device Located on the second IP network, including:
  • an adding unit where the route update message used to advertise the first IP network route carries an originator attribute, where the value of the originator attribute is the number that the border router is reachable in the second IP network The second IP network address; [25] a sending unit, configured to send the routing update message processed by the adding unit.
  • the first IP network assigns an IP address without any coupling relationship with the IP address of the second IP network of the border router, thereby improving address allocation and use. flexibility.
  • the IPv6 site network user can flexibly replace the Internet service provider (ISP) or Change the 6to4 border router connected to the IPv4 network without re-addressing the internal address of the IPv6 site network, improving the allocation and use of IPv6 addresses. Flexibility.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a route installation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a route publishing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a network node device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a network node device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a determining unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a network node device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a Value field in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a route installation method includes:
  • the node device in the second IP network detects whether the route in the route entry in the local routing information database carries the originator attribute, and the value of the originator attribute is the border router in the a second IP network address reachable in the second IP network;
  • step S2 when it is detected in step S1 that the route in the routing entry carries the originator attribute, and further determines whether the node device is a virtual aggregation node of the route, when the node The device is a virtual aggregating node of the route, and the route is installed to the routing table, and the originator is set as the next hop of the route, and the outbound interface type is a tunnel interface;
  • the step of determining whether the node device is a virtual aggregation node of the route specifically: determining whether the prefix of the route is covered by a super prefix route that is responsible for the node device. In the range, if yes, the node device is a virtual aggregation node of the route, otherwise, the node device is not a virtual aggregation node of the route.
  • step S3 when it is detected in step S1 that the route in the routing entry does not carry the originator attribute, The route is installed to the routing table.
  • the virtual aggregation node is responsible for issuing a super prefix route, and is responsible for installing a detailed prefix route covered by the super prefix.
  • the originator attribute may be an optional (optive), transitive type of Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) attribute, which is also called a path attribute. (path attribute).
  • BGP Border Gateway Protocol
  • the second IP network is an IPv4 network; when the first IP network is an I Pv4 network, and the second IP network is an IPv6 network.
  • the route update message is a Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) route update message.
  • BGP Border Gateway Protocol
  • the route installation method before the step S1, the route installation method further includes:
  • the node device receives a route update message of the first IP network, where the route update message carries the originator attribute;
  • the node device installs the route in the routing update message to the local routing information base of the node device according to the routing rule.
  • a route installation method by adding a field in a route update message to carry an originator attribute, that is, the border router is reachable in the second IP network.
  • the IP network address, and the IP address assigned by the first IP network does not have any coupling relationship with the IP address of the second IP network, which improves the flexibility of address allocation and use.
  • a route publishing method includes:
  • the node device of the second IP network carries an originator attribute in a route update message for advertising the first IP network route, where the value of the originator attribute is the border router in the second IP.
  • the second IP network address that is reachable in the network.
  • the originator attribute (originator attribute) can be an optional (optional), transitive type of BGP attribute, also known as the path attribute attribute.
  • S200 Send the routing update message to another node device in the second IP network.
  • the second IP network node device is a BGP router or a node device that issues BGP routing update messages.
  • the originator attribute in the S100 can be carried in many fields in the BGP message, for example, it can be the next hop (ne xthop).
  • Level field such as local priority (LOCAL_PREF), multi-exit discrimination (MED) or regular community field, or extended community singular community (extended community) The field is based on the regular community extension, etc., and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific bearer field.
  • LOCAL_PREF local priority
  • MED multi-exit discrimination
  • regular community field or extended community singular community (extended community)
  • extended community singular community extended community singular community
  • the extended community attribute field is a TLV (Type Type, Length Length, Value Value) field.
  • TLV Type Type, Length Length, Value Value
  • AS Autonomous System
  • IP IP
  • the embodiment of the present invention is applicable to any of the above three types.
  • the value of the Type low (*) field is the originator attribute.
  • Value field Used to carry the originator attribute, for example, the second IP network address reachable by the border router in the second IP network.
  • a route issuance method in which a second IP network address reachable by an originating node in a second IP network is carried in a route update message, and the first IP network allocates an IP address and The IP address of the second IP network does not have any coupling relationship, which improves the flexibility of address allocation and use.
  • the first IP network is an IPv6 network
  • the second IP network is an IPv4 network, as described in detail in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network application scenario according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first IP network in this example, the IPv6 network (such as IPv6 site A, IPv6 site B, and IPv6 site C shown in Figure 1) passes the 6to4 border router (such as router ITR1, router ETR1, and router ETR2).
  • the second IP network is an IPv4 network.
  • the route issuance process including: Configuring IPv6 on the router (ie originator or originating node) ETR1 By “2002: : 1.1.0/120", and by IPv4
  • the BGP session issues the IPv6 route "2002:: 1.1.0/120", and sets the originator attribute of the route to an IPv4 address of the router ETR1 that is reachable within the IPv4 network (such as 1.1). ⁇ 1) , Similarly, the router ETR2 advertises the IPv6 route "2003: : 1.1.0/120" through the IPv4 BGP session, and sets the originator attribute of the route to its own IPv4 address that is reachable within the IPv4 network ( Such as 1 ⁇ 1.2).
  • the routing installation process includes: When the BGP router (such as the router VAP1 and the router VAP2 in FIG. 1) receives the IPv6 routing update packet, selects the best BGP route and installs the BGP local routing information according to the BGP routing rule.
  • the BGP router such as the router VAP1 and the router VAP2 in FIG. 1
  • receives the IPv6 routing update packet selects the best BGP route and installs the BGP local routing information according to the BGP routing rule.
  • loc-RIB for the common route in loc-RIB (P: route that does not carry the originator attribute), all routers need to be installed by default into the routing table (Routing Table), and the loc-RIB carries
  • the route of the originator attribute needs to be selectively installed in the routing table, that is, only the virtual aggregation node corresponding to the route needs to be installed in the routing table.
  • Router VAP1 is configured as a "2002 : : /16" virtual aggregation node, and the "2002::/16" super prefix route is released through the Internal Gateway Protocol (IGP) or BGP.
  • IGP Internal Gateway Protocol
  • BGP BGP
  • the router VAP2 is configured as a "2003 : : /16" virtual aggregation node, and the "2003::/16" super prefix route is released through IGP or BGP.
  • the loc-RIB needs to be "2003::/16".
  • the routing information covered, such as "2003 :: 1.1.0/120", is installed into the routing table.
  • the router VAP1 After receiving the BGP route update message advertised by the router ETR1, the router VAP1 installs the IPv6 route "2002:: 1.1.0/120" into the Loc-RIB according to the BGP routing rule, and detects the route update.
  • the message carries the originator attribute (its value is: 1.1.1.1), and optionally installs the IPv6 route "2002:: 1.1.0/120" into the routing table.
  • the router VAP1 determines its own super prefix. Whether the route "2002 :: 16" overrides the IPv6 detailed prefix route. If yes, the IPv6 route is installed to the routing table. Otherwise, the IPv6 route is not installed to the routing table.
  • tunnel is a Generic Routing Encapsulation (ORE) tunnel
  • ORE Generic Routing Encapsulation
  • Alternative tunneling techniques are used, such as:
  • the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to connect to an IPv4 site network through an IP v6 transit network, that is, the IPv4 network traverses the IPv6 network through the v4 over IPv6 tunneling scheme.
  • a new field is added in a route update message to carry an originator attribute, that is, the border router is reachable in the second IP network.
  • the second IP network address, and the first IP network assigned IP address does not have any coupling relationship with the IP address of the second IP network, which improves the flexibility of address allocation and use.
  • the IPv6 site network user can flexibly replace the Internet service provider (ISP) or Changing the 6to4 border router connected to the IPv4 network does not require re-addressing the internal IPv6 site address, which increases the flexibility of IPv6 address allocation and usage. Further, the distributed relationship between the IPv6 address prefix and the IPv4 address of the 6to4 border router is implemented, thereby greatly improving the scalability and stability of the mapping system.
  • ISP Internet service provider
  • the method for issuing and installing a cross-network route based on the foregoing embodiment requires functional improvement on the related network node device.
  • the network node device has route advertisement, installation, and path finding.
  • Functional entities such as routers, switches, etc.
  • FIG. 4 a schematic structural diagram of a network node device according to an embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.
  • the network scenario of the network node device application is that at least two first IP networks are interconnected by a second IP network, where the first IP network and the second IP network are connected by a border router, where the network node device is located in the second IP
  • the internet
  • the network node device includes:
  • the detecting unit 4100 is configured to detect whether a route in the routing entry in the local routing information base 4400 carries an originator attribute, where the value of the originator attribute is in the second IP network.
  • a determining unit 4200 configured to: when the detecting unit 4100 detects that the route in the routing entry carries the The originator attribute ⁇ , determining whether the network node device is a virtual aggregation node of the route;
  • the routing table installation unit 4300 when the determining unit 4200 determines that the network node device is the virtual aggregation node of the route, installs the route to the routing table 4500, and sets the originator to the The next hop of the route, the outbound interface type is a tunnel interface; or when the detecting unit 4100 detects that the route in the routing entry does not carry the originator attribute, the route is installed to the routing table 4500;
  • the virtual aggregation node is a node responsible for issuing a super prefix route, and is responsible for installing a detailed prefix route covered by the super prefix.
  • the network node device further includes:
  • the receiving unit 4600 is configured to receive a routing update message (for example, a BGP routing update message) for issuing a route of the first IP network, where the route update message carries the originator attribute;
  • a routing update message for example, a BGP routing update message
  • the routing information database installation unit 4700 is configured to: after receiving the routing update message, the receiving unit 4600 installs the route in the routing update message to the local routing information base 4400 according to the routing rule.
  • the determining unit 4200 includes:
  • a prefix obtaining unit 4201 configured to acquire a prefix of the route and a super prefix that is responsible for the network node device;
  • the comparing unit 4202 is configured to compare whether the prefix of the route is within the range covered by the super prefix, and when the prefix of the route is within the range covered by the super prefix, the network node device is A virtual aggregation point of the route. When the prefix of the route is not within the coverage of the super prefix, the network node device is not a virtual aggregation point of the route.
  • FIG. 7 a schematic structural diagram of a network node device according to an embodiment of the present invention is illustrated, wherein the network node device is located in a second IP network, and at least two first IP networks pass the second The IP network is interconnected, and the first IP network and the second IP network are connected by a border router, where the network node device includes:
  • the adding unit 6100 is configured to carry an originator attribute in a route update message (such as a BGP route update message) for issuing a first IP network route, where the value of the originator attribute is the a second IP network address reachable by the border router in the second IP network;
  • a route update message such as a BGP route update message
  • the sending unit 6200 is configured to send the route update message processed by the adding unit 6100.
  • the software can be implemented by adding the necessary hardware platform, and of course, it can all be implemented by hardware.
  • all or part of the technical solution of the present invention contributing to the background art may be embodied in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a storage medium such as a ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or the like.
  • a number of instructions are included to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention or portions of the embodiments.
  • the first IP network allocation IP address does not have any coupling relationship with the IP address of the second IP network, thereby improving the flexibility of address allocation and use.
  • Sex Taking the first IP network as the IPv6 network and the second IP network as the IPv4 network, since the IPv4 address of the 6to4 border router does not need to be embedded in the IPv6 address, the IPv6 site network user can flexibly replace the Internet service provider (ISP) or Changing the 6to4 border router connected to the IPv4 network does not require re-addressing the internal address of the IPv6 site network, which improves the flexibility of IPv6 address allocation and usage. Further, the mapping relationship between the IPv6 address prefix and the IPv4 address of the 6to4 border router is distributed, thereby greatly improving the scalability and stability of the mapping system.
  • ISP Internet service provider

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Abstract

本发明实施例涉及一种路由发布、安装方法及网络节点设备,所述路由安装方法包括:接收到第一IP网络的路由更新报文后,节点设备根据选路规则将路由更新报文中的路由安装到本地路由信息库,所述路由更新报文中携带有始发者属性;节点设备检测本地路由信息库中的路由条目是否携带了始发者属性,如果是,则根据路由类型确定是否将所述路由安装到路由表中,否则将所述路由安装到路由表。通过实施本发明实施例,解决了在多个IPv6网络通过IPv4网络互连时,IPv6地址分配和使用灵活性差的技术问题。

Description

[1] 本申请要求了 2008年 9月 28日提交的、 申请号为 200810198976.9、 发明名称为" 路由发布、 安装方法及网络节点设备"的中国申请的优先权, 以及要求了 2008年 1 1月 18日提交的、 申请号为 200810181545.1、 发明名称为"路由发布、 安装方法及 网络节点设备 "的中国申请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
[2] 技术领域
[3] 本发明涉及网络通信技术, 尤其涉及一种路由发布、 安装方法及网络节点设备
[4] 发明背景
[5] 随着通信技术的发展, 计算机网络进入了人们生活的方方面面, 基于互联网协 议版本 4 (internet Protocol Version 4, IPv4) 的第二代互联网, 由于其地址资源 的即将用尽, 成为网络业务开展的瓶颈, 为此, 互联网工程任务组 (Internet
Engineering Task Force, IETF) 提出了互联网协议版本 6 (internet Protocol
Version 6, IPv6) 以替换现行 IPv4, 可以提供足够的地址空间。 由于 IPv4到 IPv6 的过渡涉及主机系统和路由系统的大量升级改动工作, 不可能在短吋间内完成 , 因此, IPv4与 IPv6将长期共存。 为此, 提出了一些 IPv4到 IPv6的过渡技术, 包 括隧道技术、 附带协议转换的网络地址翻译技术 (Network Address
Figure imgf000002_0001
[6] 隧道技术主要分为以下两类: 手动隧道技术和自动隧道技术。 其中, 手动隧道 技术由于需要大量人工配置, 使用普遍程度很低。
[7] 自动隧道主要有两类: 一类为 IPv4兼容的隧道技术, 兼容 IPv4的 IPv6地址格式 为": :IPv4", 即在 IPv4地址前面增加 96比特 (bit) 全 0形成特殊的 IPv6地址。 这种 隧道技术本身没有解决 IPv4地址不足问题, 所以不被看好; 另外一类称作 6to4 ( IPv6到 IPv4) 隧道技术, 该隧道技术适用于多个 IPv6孤岛网络通过 IPv4网络互连 , 其中, 连接 IPv4和 IPv6的路由器称为 6to4边界路由器。 每个 IPv6站点网络获得 一个内嵌 IPv4地址的特殊 IPv6地址前缀, 格式如下" 2002: IPv4 addr::/48"。 而内 嵌的这个 IPv4地址就是该 IPv6站点的 6to4边界路由器的一个在 IPv4网络内可达的 接口 IPv4地址。 6to4隧道技术通过 IPv6报文的目的地址中嵌入的 IPv4地址, 可以 自动获取隧道的终点。
[8] 发明人在实现本发明的过程中发现, 由于 6to4隧道技术中, IPv6地址是自动从 站点网络的 6to4节点的一个全球唯一的 IPv4地址派生出来的, IPv6地址与 6to4边 界路由器的 IPv4地址有很强的关联性, 导致了 IPv6地址分配和使用灵活性较差, 比如: 当一个 IPv6站点网络更换了连接 IPv4网络的 6to4边界路由器, 那么 IPv6站 点网络内部必须重新编址。
[9] 发明内容
[10] 本发明实施例提供一种路由发布、 安装方法及网络节点设备, 解决了在多个 IP v6网络通过 IPv4网络互连吋, IPv6地址分配和使用灵活性差的技术问题。
[11] 为此, 本发明实施例提供了一种路由安装方法, 其中, 至少两个第一 IP网络通 过第二 IP网络互连, 第一 IP网络和第二 IP网络通过边界路由器连接, 所述路由安 装方法包括:
[12] 第二 IP网络中的节点设备检测其本地路由信息库中的路由条目中的路由是否携 带了始发者属性, 所述始发者属性的值为所述边界路由器在所述第二 IP网络中可 达的第二 IP网络地址;
[13] 当所述路由条目中的路由携带了所述始发者属性, 且当所述节点设备是所述路 由的虚拟聚合节点, 则将所述路由安装到路由表, 并将所述始发者设置为所述 路由的下一跳, 出接口类型为隧道接口; 或者当所述路由条目中的路由未携带 所述始发者属性吋, 则将所述路由安装到路由表;
[14] 其中, 所述虚拟聚合节点负责发布超级前缀路由, 并负责安装该超级前缀所覆 盖的详细前缀路由。
[15] 相应地, 本发明实施例还提供了一种路由发布方法, 至少两个第一 IP网络通过 第二 IP网络互连, 第一 IP网络和第二 IP网络通过边界路由器连接, 所述路由发布 方法包括:
[16] 第二 IP网络的节点设备在用于发布第一 IP网络路由的路由更新报文中携带始发 者属性, 所述始发者属性的值为所述边界路由器在第二 IP网络中可达的第二 IP网 络地址;
[17] 并将所述路由更新报文发送出去。
[18] 相应地, 本发明实施例提供了一种网络节点设备, 至少两个第一 IP网络通过第 二 IP网络互连, 第一 IP网络和第二 IP网络通过边界路由器连接, 所述网络节点设 备位于第二 IP网络, 包括:
[19] 检测单元, 用于检测本地路由信息库中的路由条目中的路由是否携带了始发者 属性, 所述始发者属性的值为所述边界路由器在第二 IP网络中可达的第二 IP网络 地址;
[20] 判断单元, 用于当检测单元检测到所述路由条目中的路由携带了所述始发者属 性吋, 判断本网络节点设备是否为所述路由的虚拟聚合节点;
[21] 路由表安装单元, 当判断单元判断出本网络节点设备是所述路由的虚拟聚合节 点, 则将所述路由安装到路由表, 并将所述始发者设置为所述路由的下一跳, 出接口类型为隧道接口; 或者当所述路由条目中的路由未携带所述始发者属性 吋, 则将所述路由安装到路由表;
[22] 其中, 所述虚拟聚合节点负责发布超级前缀路由, 并负责安装该超级前缀所覆 盖的详细前缀路由。
[23] 本发明实施例还提供了一种网络节点设备, 至少两个第一 IP网络通过第二 IP网 络互连, 第一 IP网络和第二 IP网络通过边界路由器连接, 所述网络节点设备位于 第二 IP网络, 包括:
[24] 添加单元, 在用于发布第一 IP网络路由的路由更新报文中携带始发者属性, 所 述始发者属性的值为所述边界路由器在第二 IP网络中可达的第二 IP网络地址; [25] 发送单元, 用于将经所述添加单元处理后的路由更新报文发送出去。
[26] 通过实施本发明的一种路由发布、 安装方法及网络节点设备, 第一 IP网络分配 I P地址与边界路由器的第二 IP网络的 IP地址没有任何耦合关系, 提高了地址分配 和使用的灵活性。 以第一 IP网络为 IPv6网络, 第二 IP网络为 IPv4网络为例, 由于 不需要将 6to4边界路由器的 IPv4地址嵌入 IPv6地址中, 这样 IPv6站点网络用户可 以灵活更换因特网服务提供商 (ISP) 或者更改连接 IPv4网络的 6to4边界路由器 , 而不需要对 IPv6站点网络内部地址进行重新编址, 提高了 IPv6地址分配和使用 的灵活性。
[27] 附图简要说明
[28] 图 1是本发明实施例的一种网络架构示意图;
[29] 图 2是本发明实施例的一种路由安装方法的流程图;
[30] 图 3是本发明实施例的一种路由发布方法的流程图;
[31] 图 4是本发明实施例的一种网络节点设备的结构示意图;
[32] 图 5是本发明实施例的一种网络节点设备的结构示意图;
[33] 图 6是图 5本发明实施例的一种判断单元的结构示意图;
[34] 图 7是本发明实施例的一种网络节点设备的结构示意图;
[35] 图 8是本发明实施例中 Value域示意图。
[36] 实施本发明的方式
[37] 为使本领域的技术人员更加清楚地理解本发明实施例的技术方案, 下面结合附 图详细阐述本发明实施例的一种路由发布、 安装方法及网络节点设备。
[38] 如图 2所示, 本发明实施例的一种路由安装方法, 至少两个第一 IP网络通过第 二 IP网络互连, 第一 IP网络和第二 IP网络通过边界路由器连接, 所述路由安装方 法包括:
[39] Sl, 第二 IP网络中的节点设备检测其本地路由信息库中的路由条目中的路由是 否携带了始发者属性, 所述始发者属性的值为所述边界路由器在所述第二 IP网络 中可达的第二 IP网络地址;
[40] S2, 当步骤 S1中检测到所述路由条目中的路由携带了所述始发者属性, 贝 I」进一 步判断所述节点设备是否为所述路由的虚拟聚合节点, 当所述节点设备是所述 路由的虚拟聚合节点, 则将所述路由安装到路由表, 并将所述始发者设置为所 述路由的下一跳, 出接口类型为隧道接口;
[41] 在本发明实施例中, 判断所述节点设备是否为所述路由的虚拟聚合节点的步骤 , 具体包括: 判断所述路由的前缀是否在所述节点设备负责的超级前缀路由所 覆盖的范围内, 如果是, 则所述节点设备为所述路由的虚拟聚合节点, 否则, 所述节点设备不是所述路由的虚拟聚合节点。
[42] S3 , 当步骤 S1中检测到所述路由条目中的路由未携带所述始发者属性吋, 则将 所述路由安装到路由表。
需要说明的是, 在本发明实施例中, 所述虚拟聚合节点负责发布超级前缀路由 , 并负责安装该超级前缀所覆盖的详细前缀路由。
[44] 所述始发者属性 (originator属性) 可以是一个可选的 (optional) 、 可传递的 ( transitive) 类型的边界网关协议 (Border Gateway Protocol, BGP) 属性, BGP属 性又称为路径属性 (path attribute) 。
[45] 其中, 当第一 IP网络为 IPv6网络吋, 第二 IP网络为 IPv4网络; 当第一 IP网络为 I Pv4网络吋, 第二 IP网络为 IPv6网络。
[46] 所述路由更新报文为边界网关协议 (Border Gateway Protocol, BGP) 路由更新 报文。
[47] 在本发明实施例的另一种实施方式中, 在步骤 S1之前, 所述路由安装方法还包 括:
[48] 所述节点设备接收所述第一 IP网络的路由更新报文, 所述路由更新报文中携带 有所述始发者属性;
[49] 所述节点设备根据选路规则将路由更新报文中的路由安装到该节点设备的本地 路由信息库。
[50] 根据本发明实施例的一种路由安装方法, 通过在路由更新报文中新增一字段携 带始发者属性, 即: 所述边界路由器在所述第二 IP网络中可达的第二 IP网络地址 , 而第一 IP网络分配 IP地址与第二 IP网络的 IP地址没有任何耦合关系, 提高了地 址分配和使用的灵活性。
[51] 参考图 3, 本发明实施例的一种路由发布方法包括:
[52] S100, 第二 IP网络的节点设备在用于发布第一 IP网络路由的路由更新报文中携 带始发者属性, 所述始发者属性的值为所述边界路由器在第二 IP网络中可达的第 二 IP网络地址。 始发者属性 (originator属性) 可以是一个可选的 (optional) 、 可传递的 (transitive) 类型的 BGP属性, BGP属性又称为 path attribute属性。
S200, 将所述路由更新报文发送到第二 IP网络中的其它节点设备。
需要说明的是, 所述第二 IP网络节点设备为 BGP路由器或具有发布 BGP路由更 新报文的节点设备。 具体实现本发明实施例路由发布方法吋, 当路由更新报文是 BGP报文吋, S100 中的始发者属性可以通过 BGP报文中的很多字段承载, 例如, 可以是下一跳 (ne xthop) 级别的字段, 例如本地优先级 (LOCAL_PREF) 、 多出口差分 (multi-ex it discrimination, MED) 或者团体属性 (regular community) 字段,还可以是扩展 团体属十生 (extended community) 字段 (extended community是基于 regular community扩展的字段) 等, 本发明实施例并不限定具体的承载字段。 以下以 ext ended community为 ί列具体举 ί列:
扩展团体属性字段 (extended community) 是一种 TLV (类型 Type, 长度 Length , 值 Value) 字段, 对于 TYPE和 LENGTH在互联网协议的请求注解 RFC(Request for Comments)中有详细定义, 在此不再赞述, 图 8为 VLAUE域示例, 其中, 高类 (Type high) 字段, 可以是自治系统 (Autonomous System, AS ) 相关的 、 IP相关的或者与 AS和 IP相关两者都可以的三种类型, 这在 RFC中也有详细定义
, 本发明实施例对于上述三种类型任意一种都适用。
低类 (Type low) 字段, 为了携带始发者属性, 我们需要向因特网编号分配机 构 IANA申请一个 Type low(*)字段的值进行标记, 例如, 本发明实施例申请到 09 用于标识后面的 Value字段为始发者属性。
[59] 值 (Value) 字段: 用于承载始发者属性, 例如, 边界路由器在第二 IP网络中 可达的第二 IP网络地址。
[60] 根据本发明实施例的一种路由发布方法, 通过将始发节点在第二 IP网络中可达 的第二 IP网络地址携带在路由更新报文中, 第一 IP网络分配 IP地址与第二 IP网络 的 IP地址没有任何耦合关系, 提高了地址分配和使用的灵活性。
[61] 为了进一步说明本发明实施例的一种路由发布及安装方法, 下面以第一 IP网络 为 IPv6网络, 第二 IP网络为 IPv4网络为例, 结合图 1详细阐述。
[62] 参考图 1, 图示了本发明实施例的一种网络应用场景示意图。 第一 IP网络, 本 例中为 IPv6网络 (如图 1所示的 IPv6站点 A、 IPv6站点 B、 IPv6站点 C) 通过 6to4 边界路由器 (如图 1所示的路由器 ITR1、 路由器 ETR1、 路由器 ETR2) 连接到第 二 IP网络, 本例中第二 IP网络为 IPv4网络。
路由发布过程, 包括: 在路由器 (即始发者或始发节点) ETR1上配置 IPv6路 由" 2002: : 1.1.0/120", 并通过 IPv4
BGP会话发布所述 IPv6路由" 2002: : 1.1.0/120", 同吋将该路由的始发者 (origin ator) 属性设置为路由器 ETR1的一个在 IPv4网络内可达的 IPv4地址 (如 1.1丄 1) , 同样地, 路由器 ETR2通过 IPv4 BGP会话发布 IPv6路由" 2003: : 1.1.0/120", 同吋将该路由的 originator属性设置为自己的一个在 IPv4网络内可达的 IPv4地址 ( 如 1丄 1.2) 。
路由安装过程, 包括: 当 BGP路由器 (如图 1中的路由器 VAP1、 路由器 VAP2 ) 收到上述 IPv6路由更新报文吋,依据 BGP选路规则, 选择出最佳 BGP路由并安 装到 BGP本地路由信息库 (loc-RIB) 中, 对于 loc-RIB中的普通路由 ( P : 不携带 originator属性的路由), 所有路由器都需要缺省安装到路由表 (Routing Table) 中, 而 loc-RIB中的携带了 originator属性的路由则需要有选择地安装到路由表中 , 也就是只有该路由对应的虚拟聚合节点才需要安装到路由表中。
[65] 例如: 路由器 VAP1配置为 "2002: :/16"的虚拟聚合节点, 并通过内部网关协议 ( Internal Gateway Protocol, IGP) 或 BGP对外发布" 2002::/16"的超级前缀路由, 需 要将 loc-RIB中由超级前缀路由" 2003: :/16"所覆盖的详细前缀的路由,如" 2002: :1.1. 0/120"安装到路由表中。 同理, 路由器 VAP2配置为 "2003: :/16"的虚拟聚合节点, 通过 IGP或 BGP对外发布" 2003::/16"的超级前缀路由, 需要将 loc-RIB中" 2003::/ 16 "所覆盖的路由信息, 如" 2003: :1.1.0/120"安装到路由表中。
[66] 当路由器 VAP1接收到路由器 ETR1发布的 BGP路由更新报文后, 按照 BGP选路 规则将 IPv6路由" 2002: : 1.1.0/120"安装到 Loc-RIB中, 并检测到该路由更新报 文的携带有 originator属性 (其值为: 1.1.1.1) , 则有选择性将 IPv6路由" 2002: : 1.1.0/120"安装到路由表, 具体地, 路由器 VAP1判断其本身的超级前缀路由 "2002::/16"是否覆盖了 IPv6详细前缀路由, 如果是, 则将所述 IPv6路由安装到路 由表, 否则, 不安装所述 IPv6路由到路由表, 在本例中, "2002: :/16"覆盖了 "200 2: : 1.1.0/120", 因此, 将 IPv6路由" 2002: : 1.1.0/120"安装到路由表, 即: 前 缀 (或目的地址) 为" 2002: : 1.1.0/120" , 同吋设置为 IPv6路由" 2002: : 1.1.0/1 20"的下一跳 (nexthop) 为 originator属性中携带的 IPv4地址,即 1.1.1.1, 出接口类 型为隧道接口, 对于路由器 VAP2的处理与路由器 VAP1类似, 这里不再赞述。 需要说明的是, 上述提到隧道为通用路由封装 (Generic Routing Encapsulation , ORE) 隧道, 本发明实施例不局限于此, 本领域的技术人员应该理解, 本发 明实施例的技术方案完全可以釆用类似的隧道技术进行替代, 如:
Figure imgf000009_0001
Switching, MPLS) 隧道等。 同吋, 本发明实施例的技术方案可以应用到通过 IP v6传送 (transit) 网络连接 IPv4站点 (site) 网络, 即通过 v4 over IPv6隧道方案, 实现 IPv4网络穿越 IPv6网络。
[68] 通过实施本发明的一种路由发布、 安装方法, 通过在路由更新报文中新增一字 段携带始发者属性, 即: 所述边界路由器在所述第二 IP网络中可达的第二 IP网络 地址, 而第一 IP网络分配 IP地址与第二 IP网络的 IP地址没有任何耦合关系, 提高 了地址分配和使用的灵活性。 以第一 IP网络为 IPv6网络, 第二 IP网络为 IPv4网络 为例, 由于不需要将 6to4边界路由器的 IPv4地址嵌入 IPv6地址中, 这样 IPv6站点 网络用户可以灵活更换因特网服务提供商 (ISP) 或者更改连接 IPv4网络的 6to4 边界路由器, 而不需要对 IPv6站点网络内部地址进行重新编址, 提高了 IPv6地址 分配和使用的灵活性。 进一步地, 由于 IPv6地址前缀与 6to4边界路由器 IPv4地址 的映射关系实现分布式存储, 从而极大地提高了映射系统的可扩展性和稳定性
[69] 基于上述实施例的一种跨网络路由发布及安装方法, 需要对相关的网络节点设 备做功能性改进, 在本发明实施例中所述网络节点设备为具有路由发布、 安装 及寻路功能的功能实体, 如: 路由器、 交换机等。
[70] 参考图 4, 图示了本发明实施例的一种网络节点设备的结构示意图。 所述网络 节点设备应用的网络场景为至少两个第一 IP网络通过第二 IP网络互连, 第一 IP网 络和第二 IP网络通过边界路由器连接, 其中, 所述网络节点设备位于第二 IP网络
, 所述网络节点设备包括:
[71] 检测单元 4100, 用于检测本地路由信息库 4400中的路由条目中的路由是否携带 了始发者属性, 所述始发者属性的值为所述边界路由器在第二 IP网络中可达的第 二 IP网络地址;
[72] 判断单元 4200, 用于当检测单元 4100检测到所述路由条目中的路由携带了所述 始发者属性吋, 判断本网络节点设备是否为所述路由的虚拟聚合节点;
[73] 路由表安装单元 4300, 当判断单元 4200判断出本网络节点设备是所述路由的虚 拟聚合节点, 则将所述路由安装到路由表 4500, 并将所述始发者设置为所述路 由的下一跳, 出接口类型为隧道接口; 或者当检测单元 4100检测到所述路由条 目中的路由未携带所述始发者属性吋, 则将所述路由安装到路由表 4500;
[74] 其中, 所述虚拟聚合节点为负责发布某个超级前缀路由的节点, 并负责安装该 超级前缀所覆盖的详细前缀路由。
[75] 在本发明实施例的另一实施方式中, 如图 5所示, 所述网络节点设备除了具有 图 4所述的结构外, 进一步包括:
接收单元 4600, 用于接收用于发布第一 IP网络路由的路由更新报文 (如: BGP 路由更新报文) , 所述路由更新报文中携带有所述始发者属性;
[77] 路由信息库安装单元 4700, 用于接收单元 4600接收到所述路由更新报文后, 根 据选路规则将路由更新报文中的路由安装到本地路由信息库 4400。
[78] 在本发明实施例中, 如图 6所示, 所述判断单元 4200包括:
[79] 前缀获取单元 4201, 用于获取所述路由的前缀和本网络节点设备负责的超级前 缀;
[80] 比较单元 4202, 用于比较所述路由的前缀是否在所述超级前缀覆盖的范围内, 当所述路由的前缀在所述超级前缀覆盖的范围内, 则本网络节点设备为所述路 由的虚拟聚合点, 当所述路由的前缀不在所述超级前缀覆盖的范围内, 则本网 络节点设备不是所述路由的虚拟聚合点。
[81] 参考图 7, 图示了本发明实施例的一种网络节点设备的结构示意图, 其中所述 网络节点设备位于第二 IP网络中, 并且至少两个第一 IP网络通过所述第二 IP网络 互连, 第一 IP网络和第二 IP网络通过边界路由器连接, 所述网络节点设备包括:
[82] 添加单元 6100, 用于在用于发布第一 IP网络路由的路由更新报文 (如: BGP路 由更新报文) 中携带始发者属性, 所述始发者属性的值为所述边界路由器在第 二 IP网络中可达的第二 IP网络地址;
[83] 发送单元 6200, 用于将经所述添加单元 6100处理后的路由更新报文发送出去。
[84] 通过以上的实施方式的描述, 本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到本发明可借 助软件加必需的硬件平台的方式来实现, 当然也可以全部通过硬件来实施。 基 于这样的理解, 本发明的技术方案对背景技术做出贡献的全部或者部分可以以 软件产品的形式体现出来, 该计算机软件产品可以存储在存储介质中, 如 ROM/ RAM、 磁碟、 光盘等, 包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备 (可以是个人计 算机, 服务器, 或者网络设备等) 执行本发明各个实施例或者实施例的某些部 分所述的方法。
[85] 通过实施本发明的一种跨网络路由发布、 安装方法及网络节点设备, 第一 IP网 络分配 IP地址与第二 IP网络的 IP地址没有任何耦合关系, 提高了地址分配和使用 的灵活性。 以第一 IP网络为 IPv6网络, 第二 IP网络为 IPv4网络为例, 由于不需要 将 6to4边界路由器的 IPv4地址嵌入 IPv6地址中, 这样 IPv6站点网络用户可以灵活 更换因特网服务提供商 (ISP) 或者更改连接 IPv4网络的 6to4边界路由器, 而不 需要对 IPv6站点网络内部地址进行重新编址, 提高了 IPv6地址分配和使用的灵活 性。 进一步地, 由于 IPv6地址前缀与 6to4边界路由器 IPv4地址的映射关系实现分 布式存储, 从而极大地提高了映射系统的可扩展性和稳定性。
[86] 以上所揭露的仅为本发明一种较佳实施例而已, 当然不能以此来限定本发明之 权利范围, 因此依本发明权利要求所作的等同变化, 仍属本发明所涵盖的范围

Claims

权利要求书
[Claim 1] 一种路由安装方法, 其特征在于, 至少两个第一 IP网络分别通过 边界路由器和第二 IP网络连接, 所述路由安装方法包括: 第二 IP网络中的节点设备检测其本地路由信息库中的路由条目中 的路由是否携带了始发者属性, 所述始发者属性的值为所述边界 路由器在所述第二 IP网络中可达的第二 IP网络地址;
当所述路由条目中的路由携带了所述始发者属性, 且当所述节点 设备是所述路由的虚拟聚合节点, 所述虚拟聚合节点负责发布超 级前缀路由, 则将所述路由安装到路由表, 并将所述始发者设置 为所述路由的下一跳, 将出接口类型设置为隧道接口; 或者当所述路由条目中的路由未携带所述始发者属性吋, 则将所 述路由安装到路由表。
[Claim 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的路由安装方法, 其特征在于, 在所述第二 IP
网络中的节点设备检测其本地路由信息库中的路由条目中的路由 是否携带了始发者属性之前, 所述路由安装方法还包括: 所述节点设备接收所述第一 IP网络的路由更新报文, 所述路由更 新报文中携带有所述始发者属性;
所述节点设备根据选路规则将路由更新报文中的路由安装到该节 点设备的本地路由信息库。
[Claim 3] 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的路由安装方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法 还包括判断所述节点设备是否为所述路由的虚拟聚合节点的步骤 , 具体为:
判断所述路由的前缀是否在所述节点设备负责的超级前缀路由所 覆盖的范围内, 如果是, 则所述节点设备为所述路由的虚拟聚合 节点, 否则, 所述节点设备不是所述路由的虚拟聚合节点。
[Claim 4] 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的路由安装方法, 其特征在于, 所述始发 者属性为可传递 transitive类型的边界网关协议 BGP属性。
[Claim 5] 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的路由安装方法, 其特征在于, 当第一 IP 网络为 IPv6网络吋, 第二 IP网络为 IPv4网络;
或者, 当第一 IP网络为 IPv4网络吋, 第二 IP网络为 IPv6网络。
[Claim 6] 根据权利要求 5所述的路由安装方法, 其特征在于, 所述路由更新 报文为边界网关协议 BGP报文。
[Claim 7] 一种跨网络路由发布方法, 其特征在于, 至少两个第一 IP网络通 过第二 IP网络互连, 第一 IP网络和第二 IP网络通过边界路由器连接
, 所述路由发布方法包括:
第二 IP网络的节点设备在用于发布第一 IP网络路由的路由更新报文 中携带始发者属性, 所述始发者属性的值为所述边界路由器在第 二 IP网络中可达的第二 IP网络地址,
并将所述路由更新报文发送到所述第二 IP网络中的其它节点设备
[Claim S] 根据权利要求 7所述的跨网络路由发布方法, 其特征在于, 所述第 二 IP网络的节点设备包括: 位于第二 IP网络中的节点设备或所述 边界路由器。
[Claim 9] 根据权利要求 7所述的跨网络路由发布方法, 其特征在于, 所述始 发者属性为可传递 transitive类型的 BGP属性。
[Claim 10] 根据权利要求 7或 8所述的跨网络路由发布方法, 其特征在于, 当 第一 IP网络为 IPv6网络吋, 第二 IP网络为 IPv4网络;
或者, 当第一 IP网络为 IPv4网络吋, 第二 IP网络为 IPv6网络。
[Claim 11] 根据权利要求 10所述的跨网络路由发布方法, 其特征在于, 所述 路由更新报文为 BGP报文。
[Claim 12] 一种网络节点设备, 其特征在于, 至少两个第一 IP网络分别通过 边界路由器和第二 IP网络连接, 所述网络节点设备位于所述第二 IP 网络, 所述网络节点设备包括:
检测单元, 用于检测本地路由信息库中的路由条目中的路由是否 携带了始发者属性, 所述始发者属性的值为所述边界路由器在第 二 IP网络中可达的第二 IP网络地址; 判断单元, 用于当检测单元检测到所述路由条目中的路由携带了 所述始发者属性吋, 判断本网络节点设备是否为所述路由的虚拟 聚合节点, 其中, 所述虚拟聚合节点负责发布超级前缀路由; 路由表安装单元, 当判断单元判断出本网络节点设备是所述路由 的虚拟聚合节点, 则将所述路由安装到路由表, 并将所述始发者 设置为所述路由的下一跳, 将出接口类型设置为隧道接口; 或者 当所述检测单元检测到所述路由条目中的路由未携带所述始发者 属性吋, 则将所述路由安装到路由表。
[Claim 13] 根据权利要求 12所述的网络节点设备, 其特征在于, 还包括: 接收单元, 用于接收用于发布第一 IP网络路由的路由更新报文, 所述路由更新报文中携带有所述始发者属性; 路由信息库安装单元, 用于接收单元接收到所述路由更新报文后
, 根据选路规则将路由更新报文中的路由安装到本地路由信息库
[Claim 14] 根据权利要求 12或 13所述的网络节点设备, 其特征在于, 所述判 断单元包括:
前缀获取单元, 用于获取所述路由的前缀和本网络节点设备负责 的超级前缀;
比较单元, 用于比较所述路由的前缀是否在所述超级前缀覆盖的 范围内, 当所述路由的前缀在所述超级前缀覆盖的范围内, 则本 网络节点设备为所述路由的虚拟聚合点, 当所述路由的前缀不在 所述超级前缀覆盖的范围内, 则本网络节点设备不是所述路由的 虚拟聚合点。
[Claim 15] 一种网络节点设备, 其特征在于, 至少两个第一 IP网络分别通过 边界路由器和第二 IP网络连接, 所述网络节点设备位于所述第二 IP 网络, 所述网络节点设备包括:
添加单元, 在用于发布第一 IP网络路由的路由更新报文中携带始 发者属性, 所述始发者属性的值为所述边界路由器在第二 IP网络 中可达的第二 IP网络地址;
发送单元, 用于将经所述添加单元处理后的路由更新报文发送出 去。
PCT/CN2009/074180 2008-09-28 2009-09-24 路由发布、安装方法及网络节点设备 WO2010034244A1 (zh)

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