WO2010028532A1 - 一种水平旋喷施工装置及施工方法 - Google Patents

一种水平旋喷施工装置及施工方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010028532A1
WO2010028532A1 PCT/CN2009/000301 CN2009000301W WO2010028532A1 WO 2010028532 A1 WO2010028532 A1 WO 2010028532A1 CN 2009000301 W CN2009000301 W CN 2009000301W WO 2010028532 A1 WO2010028532 A1 WO 2010028532A1
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Prior art keywords
pressure
mud
valve
nozzle
pipe
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PCT/CN2009/000301
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
彭少杰
白云
Original Assignee
上海市第二市政工程有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 上海市第二市政工程有限公司 filed Critical 上海市第二市政工程有限公司
Publication of WO2010028532A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010028532A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a soil reinforcement construction device for underground space construction, in particular to a device capable of automatically balancing the surrounding soil pressure during horizontal vortex reinforcement construction and reducing surface deformation caused by superhigh pressure horizontal rotary jet reinforcement construction.
  • Rotary spray reinforcement is the use of equipment such as drilling rigs.
  • the high-pressure cement slurry is sprayed from the injection holes through the high-pressure generating device, and the grouting pipe is rotated to cut the damaged soil.
  • Body, part of the soil is replaced by sprayed slurry, and the other part is mixed with cement slurry to form cement soil.
  • the rest of the soil is rearranged in cross section under the action of jet dynamic pressure, centrifugal force and gravity, and the surrounding soil is squeezed.
  • the grouting pipe rotates and sprays high-pressure cement slurry, and gradually withdraws toward the orifice to form a pile composed of cement and rock.
  • the MJS method of Suiben's invention in China and the West considers the pressure balance problem of the surrounding soil during horizontal swirling construction, but the method of MJS controlling pressure balance is very complicated.
  • a pressure sensor 20 cm away from the injection point at the rear of the nozzle it is considered that the mud pressure measured by the sensor acts on the circumference.
  • the pressure around the soil is then pumped through the mud straight pump to keep the measured pressure data consistent with the soil pressure around it.
  • the cross-section shape of the spray pile is fan-shaped rather than round, the construction efficiency is very low, and the lap quality between the jet grouting piles is difficult to ensure.
  • the grouting pipe is continuously rotated. Therefore, the mud pressure measured by the pressure sensor installed at the rear of the spray head fluctuates greatly, and the mud pressure is controlled based on the pressure data. More difficult to achieve the desired control effect.
  • the mud pressure measured by the pressure sensor installed at the rear of the spray head fluctuates greatly, and the mud pressure is controlled based on the pressure data. More difficult to achieve the desired control effect.
  • the mud between the grouting pipe at the back of the sprinkler and the surrounding soil will flow out through a pipe in the grouting pipe and exit from a grouting pipe that is broken at the back.
  • the mud pressure that was originally maintained is suddenly released, causing a certain displacement of the surrounding soil.
  • the accumulation of soil displacement will produce a larger surface. Deformation. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a device for automatically balancing the pressure of the surrounding soil during horizontal blasting reinforcement according to the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, which does not require the installation of a pressure measuring device on the nozzle and the grouting pipe.
  • the mud pressure between the rotary jet grouting pipe and the surrounding soil body and the pressure of the surrounding soil body are always automatically balanced.
  • the invention relates to a device for automatically balancing the pressure of surrounding soil during construction of a horizontal rotary jet blasting, the device comprising a nozzle, a grouting pipe, an orifice sealing device, a valve for adjusting the opening pressure, and a pressure detecting device, wherein the nozzle
  • the inside of the hole is provided with a non-return device; the orifice sealing device is fixed to the working well wall, and the inside of the orifice sealing device is connected with the mud formed by the cutting body of the nozzle, and the pressure of the mud is installed on the orifice sealing device.
  • Valve control with adjustable opening pressure when the mud pressure is higher than the opening pressure value set by the valve with adjustable opening pressure, the valve is automatically opened, when the mud pressure is lower than the opening pressure value set by the valve with adjustable opening pressure, the valve Automatically closing;
  • the orifice sealing device is concentric with the spray head and the grouting pipe; the grouting pipe passes through the center of the orifice sealing device;
  • the pressure detecting device is mounted on the orifice sealing device to measure the pressure of the mud slurry in real time.
  • the apparatus further includes a mud box and a mud active pumping device, the mud active pumping device including a mud suction pump and a valve and a pipe, the mud box being connected to a valve that can adjust an opening pressure, the mud pumping
  • the pump and the mud box are connected by valves and pipes.
  • the mud suction pump and the orifice sealing device are connected by a valve and a pipe.
  • the spray head comprises at least two types of nozzles: 1) a high pressure water jet cutting nozzle for reaming the soil and forming a slurry; 2) a nozzle for the high pressure solidified material slurry.
  • the pressure detecting device is a pressure gauge or a pressure sensor.
  • the adjustable opening pressure valve is a flange for manually adjusting the opening pressure, or a valve for controlling the opening pressure by a control signal, and the pressure signal measured by the pressure sensor passes through the signal control device when the valve for controlling the opening pressure is controlled by the control signal.
  • the PLC program controls the opening and closing or opening pressure value of the valve that can adjust the opening pressure to realize automatic control.
  • the utility model relates to a construction method capable of automatically balancing the pressure of surrounding soil during construction by horizontal jet blasting.
  • the material sprayed by the grouting pipe and the nozzle comprises at least high pressure water, compressed air and high pressure solidified material slurry, and high pressure water jet
  • the cut soil is reamed and the mud is always ahead of the jet of the high pressure solidified material slurry.
  • the adjustable opening pressure valve and the mud box used in the construction method are installed in the working well, and the opening pressure value of the valve for adjusting the opening pressure and the actual soil pressure value in the soil layer of the swirling hole depth are used. be consistent.
  • the adjustable opening pressure valve and the mud box used in the construction method are installed on the ground through a vertical pipe connection, and the opening pressure value of the adjustable opening pressure valve is equal to the actual soil in the soil layer at the depth of the rotary injection hole.
  • the pressure value is subtracted from the absolute value of the differential pressure between the upper and lower muds in the vertical pipe.
  • the device capable of automatically balancing the surrounding soil pressure during the horizontal rotary jet reinforcement construction has reasonable control method, and the surrounding soil pressure is always automatically balanced and the control precision is high, the device structure is simple, the construction speed is fast, and the safety is high. Strong, less impact on the environment, suitable for horizontal swirling construction of various soil conditions.
  • the invention has better control effect on the surface deformation if it is used in combination with the construction method completed by drilling and spinning once.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the apparatus of Embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a main part of the apparatus of Embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the device of Embodiment 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a main part of the apparatus of Embodiment 2;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the apparatus of Embodiment 3.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a main portion of the apparatus of Embodiment 3.
  • nozzle 1 grouting pipe 2
  • adjustable opening pressure valve 3 pressure detecting device 4
  • valve 5 pipe 6 suction pump 7, pipe 8, pipe 9, valve 10
  • mud box mud take-over 11.
  • Mud box 12 pressure valve drain connector 13, built-in check device 14, orifice wall flat seal 15, flat flange seal 16, left flange 17, orifice seal five-way nozzle 18, flange Connecting bolt and nut 19, flange connecting bolt nut 21, right flange 22, flat flange sealing ring 23, end sealing flange 24, end rotary seal 25, flange connecting bolt nut 26, flange connecting bolt nut 27
  • the orifice wall sealing flange 28 the expansion bolt nut 29, the nozzle 30, the nozzle 31, the orifice sealing four-way nozzle 32, the pipe 33, the pipe 34, and the pipe 35.
  • the compressed air of the nozzle envelops the high-pressure water nozzle to cut the soil, and the compressed air of the nozzle encloses the solidified material slurry.
  • the nozzle sprays the solidified material slurry at a high pressure to mix it with the soil to form a rotary jet pile having a certain diameter and strength.
  • the orifice wall having a certain strength and planar flatness is the condition of the following examples.
  • the invention can be applied to the following three embodiments according to the actual situation, wherein the embodiment 1 is suitable for all working conditions, and the second embodiment is suitable for small particle size and small particle size in the mud. Or in the same pile construction, the construction of the soil pressure changes little, the third embodiment is suitable for the large amount of sand, the particle size of the mud is large or the soil pressure changes during the same pile construction. Construction in the stratum.
  • Example 1
  • a nozzle with compressed air enveloping high-pressure water to cut the soil to form mud and a nozzle device with a built-in check device 2) fixed to the orifice wall, the grouting pipe passes through the center, the inside and the sprinkler a hole sealing device for cutting mud formed by cutting soil; 3) an automatic balancing surrounding soil pressure device consisting of a pressure detecting device, an adjustable opening pressure valve and a mud box; 4) by a suction pump, a valve and a pipe The mud is actively pumped out.
  • the nozzle 30 is mounted on the nozzle 1, between the nozzle 31 and the grouting pipe 2, and communicates with the high-pressure water pipe output from the high-pressure water pump through the pipe inside the nozzle 1 and the grouting pipe 2.
  • a built-in non-return device 14 is installed, which is located behind the nozzle 30, the nozzle 3 1 and the first section of the grouting pipe 2, and has a built-in check The allowable flow direction of the device 14 is towards the nozzle.
  • the orifice sealing device is composed of an orifice wall plane sealing ring 15, an orifice wall sealing flange 28, a flat flange sealing ring 16, an expansion bolt nut 29, a left flange 17, an orifice sealing five-way connecting pipe 18, and a right flange 22
  • the end seal flange 24, the flat flange seal 23, the flange connection bolt nut 21, and the end rotary seal 25 are formed.
  • the two ends of the orifice sealing five-way connecting pipe 18 are respectively welded with the left flange 17 and the right flange 22, and three openings are opened in the middle, respectively, through the flange, the flange connecting bolt and nut 19, the flange connecting bolt nut 27, the flange
  • the connecting bolt nut 26 is connected to the pressure detecting device 4, the valve 3 for adjusting the opening pressure, and the valve 5.
  • the pipe 8 and the pipe 6 are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the suction pump 7 through a flange and a number of bolts and nuts, and the other end of the pipe 8 passes through the flange and a number of bolts and nuts and the valve 5 Connected, the pipe 8 is open at the middle, connected to the pipe 9 by a pair of flanges and a number of bolts and nuts.
  • the pipe 9 is connected to the valve 10 through a flange and a number of bolts and nuts.
  • the valve 10 passes through the flange and a number of bolts.
  • the nut and the mud box drain pipe joint 1 1 are connected, and the mud box mud joint pipe 1 1 is welded to the lower part of the mud box 12 and communicates with the inside of the mud box 12, and all the connecting flanges are provided with a flat sealing gasket.
  • Example 2
  • the nozzle 30 is mounted on the spray head 1 between the nozzle 3 1 and the grouting pipe 2,
  • the pipe inside the nozzle 1 and the pipe 2 is connected to the high-pressure water pipe output from the high-pressure water pump.
  • a built-in non-return device 14 is installed, which is located behind the nozzle 30, the nozzle 31 and the first section of the grouting pipe 2, and the built-in non-return device The allowable flow direction of 14 is toward the nozzle.
  • the orifice sealing device is composed of an orifice wall plane sealing ring 15, an orifice wall sealing flange 28, a flat flange sealing ring 16, an expansion bolt nut 29, a left flange 17, an orifice sealing four-way connecting pipe 32, and a right flange 22
  • the end seal flange 24, the flat flange seal 23, the flange connection bolt nut 21, and the end rotary seal 25 are formed.
  • the two ends of the orifice sealing four-way connecting pipe 32 are respectively welded with the left flange 17 and the right flange 22, and two openings are opened in the middle, respectively, through the flange, the flange connecting bolt and nut 19, the flange connecting bolt nut 27 and the pressure
  • the detecting device 4 is connected to a valve 3 that can adjust the opening pressure.
  • the pipe 33 and the pipe 6 are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the suction pump 7 through a flange and a number of bolts and nuts, and the other end of the pipe 33 passes through the flange and a number of bolts and nuts and the valve 10
  • the valve 10 is connected by a flange and a number of bolts and nuts and a mud box drain pipe 1 1
  • the mud box drain pipe 1 1 is welded to the lower part of the mud box 12 and communicates with the inside of the mud box 12, all the connecting flanges Flat gaskets are fitted between each.
  • one end of the valve 3 for adjusting the opening pressure is connected to the orifice sealing device, and the other end is provided with a pressure valve draining pipe 13 for adjusting the mud overflowing from the valve 3 for opening the pressure. It is discharged into the mud box 12 through the pressure valve drain pipe 13 .
  • the automatic balance surrounding soil pressure device consisting of a pressure detecting device, a suction pump, a valve and a pipe.
  • the nozzle 30 is mounted on the nozzle 1, between the nozzle 31 and the grouting pipe 2, and communicates with the high-pressure water pipe output from the high-pressure water pump through the pipe inside the nozzle 1, the grouting pipe 2.
  • a built-in non-return device 14 is installed, which is located behind the nozzle 30, the nozzle 31 and the first section of the grouting pipe 2, and the built-in non-return device The allowable flow direction of 14 is toward the nozzle.
  • the orifice sealing device is composed of an orifice wall plane sealing ring 15, an orifice wall sealing flange 28, a flat flange sealing ring 16, an expansion bolt nut 29, a left flange 17, an orifice sealing four-way connecting pipe 32, and a right flange 22
  • the end seal flange 24, the flat flange seal 23, the flange connection bolt nut 21, and the end rotary seal 25 are formed.
  • the two ends of the orifice sealing four-way connecting pipe 32 are respectively welded with the left flange 17 and the right flange 22, and two openings are opened in the middle, respectively, through the flange, the flange connecting bolt and nut 19, the flange connecting bolt nut 27 and the pressure
  • the detecting device 4 is connected to the valve 5.
  • the pipe 35 and the pipe 34 are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the suction pump 7 through a flange and a number of bolts and nuts, and the other end of the pipe 35 passes through the flange and a number of bolts and nuts and the valve 5 Connected.
  • the real-time mud pressure data signal detected by the pressure detecting device 4 is transmitted to the automatic control device, and the preset PLC program in the device will control the driving variable frequency motor of the suction pump 7 in real time.
  • the input current frequency value controls the real-time displacement of the suction pump 7, so that the mud pressure between the soil, the injection pipe and the orifice seal is always consistent with the surrounding soil pressure.
  • the orifice wall flat seal ring 15, the orifice wall seal flange 28 and the left flange 17 are firmly inserted into the orifice wall through one end, and the other end is in the form of a thread.
  • the number of expansion bolts and nuts 29 are connected, and a flat flange seal ring 16 is disposed between the orifice wall seal flange 28 and the left flange 17.
  • the end seal flange 24 and the right flange 22 are connected by a flange connection bolt nut 21, and a flat flange seal ring 23 is arranged between the end seal flange 24 and the right flange 22, and the grouting pipe 2 is sealed from the end.
  • the inner bore of the flange 24 is passed through, and an end rotary seal 25 is provided in the recess in the bore of the end seal flange 24 between the grouting tube 2 and the end seal flange 24.
  • the non-return device disposed inside the nozzle used in the above embodiment causes the slurry between the soil and the grouting pipe to not flow through the high pressure water, the compressed air and the solidified material slurry pipe under any circumstances; the orifice seal used
  • the device is fixed to the working well wall, and is concentric with the nozzle and the grouting pipe, so that the compressed air encloses the mud between the soil formed by the high-pressure water cutting body and the grouting pipe, maintains the state of the mud sleeve, and does not always pass from the hole.
  • the gap between the mouths flows out, and the active pumping device used has two functions: 1) When the mud discharged automatically in the mud box reaches a certain capacity, the mud suction pump is turned on, and the mud slurry in the mud box is pumped to the mud water treatment device on the ground for mud water separation treatment; 2) as an auxiliary for the valve that can adjust the opening pressure, Actively discharge mud from the mud jacket.
  • the valve connected with the orifice sealing device can be opened. Start the suction pump to actively row the paddle.
  • the discharge flow rate of the suction pump should always be lower than the inlet flow rate of the high pressure water that is pressed into the soil by the high pressure water pump.
  • the device for automatically balancing the pressure of the surrounding soil during the horizontal rotary jet reinforced construction of the invention does not need to install a pressure measuring device on the nozzle and the grouting pipe, and can ensure the rotary jet injection in the whole process of horizontal rotary jet reinforced construction.
  • the mud pressure between the slurry pipe and the surrounding soil is always balanced with the pressure of the surrounding soil.
  • the device has simple structure, fast construction speed, strong safety and little impact on the environment, and is suitable for horizontal swirling construction of various soil conditions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)

Description

一种水平旋喷施工装置及施工方法 技术领域
本发明涉及地下空间施工土体加固装置， 具体地说， 涉及一种水平旋喷 加固施工时可自动平衡周围土体压力、 减少超高压水平旋喷加固施工引起地 表变形的装置。 背景技术
旋喷加固是利用钻机等设备， 将带有特殊喷嘴的注浆管， 置入土层的预 定位置后， 通过高压发生装置， 使高压水泥浆液从喷射孔喷出， 注浆管旋转 切割破坏土体， 部分土体被喷射浆液所置换， 另一部分与水泥浆混合形成水 泥土， 其余土体在喷射动压、 离心力和重力的共同作用下， 在横断面上重新 排列， 周围土体则被挤密压实， 注浆管一边旋转并喷射高压水泥浆液， 一边 朝孔口方向逐渐退出， 从而形成一个由水泥和岩土组成的桩体。
根据钻孔或成桩的方向， 一般分竖直旋喷和水平旋喷两种加固方式。 随 着地下空间开发的不断深入， 水平旋喷加固技术逐渐被应用于一些地下工程 中。 但是， 现有的水平旋喷加固技术如果要用于城巿建筑物和地下管线密集 的地区， 还有一些关键的技术问题需要解决， 其中， 最为关键的问题就是水 平旋喷加固施工对地表变形、 地下构筑物和地下管线的影响。
目前大部分的水平旋喷加固施工釆用的方法是： 注桨管旋转并喷射高压 水泥浆液时， 多余的水泥桨液和泥土的混合浆液， 从注浆管和钻孔的间隙自 然流向孔口排出。 这样会造成两种不利情况： 一是， 在旋喷初期阶段， 周围 土体本身存在的压力和旋喷施工挤压周围土体产生的压力， 使注浆管和钻孔 的间隙被逐渐填实， 在此过程中， 钻孔上方的土体发生了一定的竖向向下位 移， 从而造成地表沉降变形； 二是， 一旦注浆管和钻孔的间隙被填实， 旋喷 施工挤压周围土体产生的压力无法释放， 将使钻孔上方的土体发生了一定的 竖向向上位移， 从而造成地表隆起变形和土体水平位移。 如果在加固体附近 存在地面建筑物、 地下管线或地下构筑物等， 很容易产生重大事故。
曰本的中西涉发明的 MJS工法， 考虑了水平旋喷施工时周围土体的压力 平衡问题， 但 MJS控制压力平衡的方法十分复杂。 通过在喷头后部距离喷射 点 20cm处设置一个压力传感器，认为该传感器测出的泥桨压力即为作用于周 围土体的压力， 然后通过泥浆直空泵抽取该处的泥浆， 使测得的压力数据始 终与该处周围土体压力保持一致。 MJS 法存在几大缺陷： 首先， 喷头安装了 压力传感器， 传感器测得的数据信号必须连接电缆， 使旋喷施工时喷头和注 浆管无法连续旋转， 只能在 360度范围内摆动旋转， 旋喷桩的断面形状是扇 形而不是圆形， 施工效率非常低， 旋喷桩间的搭接质量较难保证； 第二， 由 于需要增加电缆通道， 使喷头和注浆管和水平钻机结构复杂， 注浆管的直径 较大， 分节的注浆管之间只能通过若干螺栓连接， 而每次需要进行电缆的转 接， 安装注浆管时间较长， 而一般的旋喷施工， 每节注浆管两端釆用螺紋连 接形式， 每节注浆管的拆装可以通过机械装置完成； 第三， 旋喷施工时， 一 方面喷射压力较高， 对周围土体扰动较大， 另一方面注浆管是不断旋转的， 因此， 安装在喷头后部的压力传感器所测得的泥浆压力波动很大， 以此压力 数据为依据控制泥浆压力， 较难达到理想的控制效果。 第四， 每节注浆管拆 卸施工时， 喷头后部的注浆管与周围土体之间的泥浆， 会通过注浆管内的管 道， 从后面断开的一节注浆管处流出， 使原先保持的泥浆压力突然释放， 造 成周围土体可能产生一定的位移， 在旋喷桩长度较长、 注浆管拆卸搡作次数 较多的情况下， 土体位移的累积将产生较大的地表变形。 发明内容
本发明的目的是根据上述现有技术的不足之处， 提供一种水平旋喷加固 施工时可自动平衡周围土体压力的装置， 该装置不需要在喷头和注浆管上安 装压力测量装置， 可在水平旋喷加固施工的全过程中保证旋喷注浆管和周围 土体之间的泥浆压力与周围土体的压力始终自动保持平衡。
本发明的一种水平旋喷加固施工时可自动平衡周围土体压力的装置， 该 装置包括喷头、 注浆管、 孔口密封装置、 可调节开启压力的阀门、 压力检测 装置， 其中所述喷头的内部设有止回装置； 所述的孔口密封装置固定于工作 井壁， 所述孔口密封装置内部与喷头切割土体形成的泥浆相通， 泥浆压力的 大小通过安装在孔口密封装置上的可调节开启压力的阀门控制， 当泥浆压力 高于可调节开启压力的阀门设定的开启压力值， 阀门自动开启， 当泥浆压力 低于可调节开启压力的阀门设定的开启压力值， 阀门自动关闭； 所述孔口密 封装置与喷头和注浆管保持同心；所述注浆管沿所述孔口密封装置中心穿过； 所述压力检测装置安装在所述孔口密封装置上， 实时测定泥桨的压力。
所述装置还包括泥浆箱和泥浆主动抽排装置， 所述泥浆主动抽排装置包 括泥浆抽吸泵以及阀门和管道， 所述泥浆箱与可调节开启压力的阀门接通， 所述泥浆抽吸泵与泥浆箱之间通过阀门、 管道连通。
所述泥浆抽吸泵与孔口密封装置之间通过阀门、 管道连通。
所述喷头至少包含了两种喷嘴： 1) 高压水喷射切割土体扩孔并形成泥浆 的喷嘴； 2) 高压固化材料浆液的喷嘴。
所述压力检测装置为压力表或压力传感器。
所述可调节开启压力的阀门是手动调节开启压力的法兰、 或者是通过控 制信号控制开启压力的阀门， 通过控制信号控制开启压力的阀门时， 采用压 力传感器测出的压力信号通过信号控制装置和 PLC程序， 控制可调节开启压 力的阀门的启闭或开启压力值， 实现自动控制。
一种水平旋喷加固施工时可自动平衡周围土体压力的施工方法， 该施工 方法通过注浆管和喷头喷射而出的物质至少包括高压水、 压缩空气和高压固 化材料浆液， 且高压水喷射切割土体扩孔并形成泥浆始终领先于高压固化材 料浆液的喷射。
该施工方法所釆用的可调节开启压力的阀门和泥浆箱，安装在工作井内， 所述可调节开启压力的阀门的开启压力值与旋喷孔位深度的土层中的实际土 体压力值保持一致。
该施工方法所釆用的可调节开启压力的阀门和泥浆箱通过垂直管道连接 安装在地面， 所述可调节开启压力的阀门的开启压力值等于旋喷孔位深度的 土层中的实际土体压力值减去垂直管道内上下泥浆压力差的绝对值。
本发明水平旋喷加固施工时可自动平衡周围土体压力的装置， 其控制方 法合理、 旋喷施工时周围土体压力始终自动保持平衡、 控制精度高， 装置结 构简单、 施工速度快、 安全性强、 对环境影响小， 适合于各种土层条件的水 平旋喷施工。 本发明如果结合钻孔和旋喷一次性完成的施工方法使用， 对地 表变形控制效果更好。 附图说明
图 1为实施例 1所述装置的总体结构示意图；
图 2为实施例 1所述装置的主体部分结构示意图；
图 3为实施例 2所述装置的总体结构示意图；
图 4为实施例 2所述装置的主体部分结构示意图；
图 5为实施例 3所述装置的总体结构示意图；
图 6为实施例 3所述装置的主体部分结构示意图。
其中： 喷头 1、 注浆管 2、 可调节开启压力的阀门 3、 压力检测装置 4、 阀 门 5、 管道 6、 抽吸排浆泵 7、 管道 8、 管道 9、 阀门 10、 泥浆箱排泥接管 11、 泥 浆箱 12、 压力阀排泥接管 13、 内置式止回装置 14、 孔口壁平面密封圈 15、 平 面法兰密封圈 16、 左法兰 17、 孔口密封五通接管 18、 法兰连接螺栓螺母 19、 法兰连接螺栓螺母 21、 右法兰 22、 平面法兰密封圈 23、 端部密封法兰 24、 端 部旋转密封 25、 法兰连接螺栓螺母 26、 法兰连接螺栓螺母 27、 孔口壁密封法 兰 28、 膨胀螺栓螺母 29、 喷嘴 30、 喷嘴 31、 孔口密封四通接管 32、 管道 33、 管道 34、 管道 35。
具体实施方式
以下实施例用于说明本发明， 但不用来限制本发明的范围。
如图 1-6所示， 在水平旋喷加固施工的旋喷阶段， 即注浆管回缩时， 喷头 的压缩空气包裹高压水的喷嘴先导切割土体， 喷头的压缩空气包裹固化材料 浆液的喷嘴高压喷射固化材料浆液， 使之与泥土混合形成一定直径和强度的 旋喷桩体。
具有一定强度和平面平整度的孔口壁是采用下述实施例的条件。
本发明可以根据实际情况釆用以下三种实施例的实施方式，其中实施例 1 适用于所有的工况条件施工， 实施例 2适用于在含砂量小、 泥浆中所含颗粒粒 径较小或在同一桩施工中土体压力变化不大的地层中施工， 实施例 3适用于在 含砂量大、 泥浆中所含颗粒粒径较大或在同一桩施工中土体压力有一定变化 的地层中施工。 实施例 1
涉及四个组成部分： 1 ) 具有压缩空气包裹高压水切割土体形成泥浆的喷 嘴和内置止回装置的喷头装置； 2) 固定于孔口壁、 注浆管在其中心穿过、 内 部与喷头切割土体形成的泥浆相通的洞口密封装置； 3) 由压力检测装置、 可 调节开启压力的阀门和泥浆箱组成的自动平衡周围土体压力装置； 4) 由抽吸 排浆泵、 阀门和管道组成的泥浆主动抽排装置。
如图 1和 2所示， 喷嘴 30装在喷头 1上， 位于喷嘴 31和注浆管 2之间， 通过 喷头 1、 注浆管 2内部的管道与高压水泵输出的高压水管路相通。 喷头 1内部的 高压水管道、 压缩空气管道和固化材料浆液管道中间， 分别装有内置式止回 装置 14, 位于喷嘴 30、 喷嘴 3 1之后和第 1节注浆管 2之前， 内置式止回装置 14 的允许通流方向是朝向喷嘴。
孔口密封装置由孔口壁平面密封圈 15、 孔口壁密封法兰 28、 平面法兰密 封圈 16、 膨胀螺栓螺母 29、 左法兰 17、 孔口密封五通接管 18、 右法兰 22、 端 部密封法兰 24、 平面法兰密封圈 23、 法兰连接螺栓螺母 21、 端部旋转密封 25 组成。
孔口密封五通接管 18两端分别与左法兰 17、 右法兰 22相焊接， 中间开有 三个开口， 分别通过法兰、 法兰连接螺栓螺母 19、 法兰连接螺栓螺母 27、 法 兰连接螺栓螺母 26与压力检测装置 4、 可调节开启压力的阀门 3和阀门 5相连 接。
管道 8和管道 6分别与抽吸排浆泵 7的进泥口和出泥口通过法兰和若干数 量的螺栓螺母相连接，管道 8的另一端通过法兰和若干数量的螺栓螺母与阀门 5相连接，管道 8中间开口，通过一对法兰和若干数量的螺栓螺母与管道 9连接， 管道 9通过法兰和若干数量的螺栓螺母与阀门 10连接， 阀门 10通过法兰和若干 数量的螺栓螺母和泥浆箱排泥接管 1 1连接， 泥浆箱排泥接管 1 1焊接于泥浆箱 12下部并与泥浆箱 12内部相通， 所有的连接法兰之间均装有平面密封垫圈。 实施例 2
涉及四个组成部分： 与实施例 1相同。
如图 3和图 4所示， 喷嘴 30装在喷头 1上， 位于喷嘴 3 1和注浆管 2之间， 通 过喷头 1、 注浆管 2内部的管道与高压水泵输出的高压水管路相通。 喷头 1内部 的高压水管道、 压缩空气管道和固化材料浆液管道中间， 分别装有内置式止 回装置 14， 位于喷嘴 30、 喷嘴 31之后和第 1节注浆管 2之前， 内置式止回装置 14的允许通流方向是朝向喷嘴。
孔口密封装置由孔口壁平面密封圈 15、 孔口壁密封法兰 28、 平面法兰密 封圈 16、 膨胀螺栓螺母 29、 左法兰 17、 孔口密封四通接管 32、 右法兰 22、 端 部密封法兰 24、 平面法兰密封圈 23、 法兰连接螺栓螺母 21、 端部旋转密封 25 组成。
孔口密封四通接管 32两端分别与左法兰 17、 右法兰 22相焊接， 中间开有 两个开口， 分别通过法兰、 法兰连接螺栓螺母 19、 法兰连接螺栓螺母 27与压 力检测装置 4和可调节开启压力的阀门 3相连接。
管道 33和管道 6分别与抽吸排浆泵 7的进泥口和出泥口通过法兰和若干数 量的螺栓螺母相连接， 管道 33的另一端通过法兰和若干数量的螺栓螺母与阀 门 10连接， 阀门 10通过法兰和若干数量的螺栓螺母和泥浆箱排泥接管 1 1连接， 泥浆箱排泥接管 1 1焊接于泥浆箱 12下部并与泥浆箱 12内部相通， 所有的连接 法兰之间均装有平面密封垫圈。
实施例 1、 实施例 2中， 可调节开启压力的阀门 3的一端与孔口密封装置相 连接， 另一端装有压力阀排泥接管 13， 可调节开启压力的阀门 3溢流出来的泥 浆， 通过压力阀排泥接管 13， 排放到泥浆箱 12中。
实施例 3
涉及三个组成部分： 1 ) 具有压缩空气包裹高压水切割土体形成泥浆的喷 嘴和内置止回装置的喷头装置； 2) 固定于孔口壁、 注浆管在其中心穿过、 内 部与喷头切割土体形成的泥浆相通的洞口密封装置； 3) 由压力检测装置、 抽 吸排浆泵、 阀门和管道组成的自动平衡周围土体压力装置。
如图 5和图 6所示， 喷嘴 30装在喷头 1上， 位于喷嘴 31和注浆管 2之间， 通 过喷头 1、 注浆管 2内部的管道与高压水泵输出的高压水管路相通。 喷头 1内部 的高压水管道、 压缩空气管道和固化材料浆液管道中间， 分别装有内置式止 回装置 14, 位于喷嘴 30、 喷嘴 31之后和第 1节注浆管 2之前， 内置式止回装置 14的允许通流方向是朝向喷嘴。
孔口密封装置由孔口壁平面密封圈 15、 孔口壁密封法兰 28、 平面法兰密 封圈 16、 膨胀螺栓螺母 29、 左法兰 17、 孔口密封四通接管 32、 右法兰 22、 端 部密封法兰 24、 平面法兰密封圈 23、 法兰连接螺栓螺母 21、 端部旋转密封 25 组成。
孔口密封四通接管 32两端分别与左法兰 17、 右法兰 22相焊接， 中间开有 两个开口， 分别通过法兰、 法兰连接螺栓螺母 19、 法兰连接螺栓螺母 27与压 力检测装置 4和阀门 5相连接。
管道 35和管道 34分别与抽吸排浆泵 7的进泥口和出泥口通过法兰和若干 数量的螺栓螺母相连接， 管道 35的另一端通过法兰和若干数量的螺栓螺母与 阀门 5相连接。
需要在系统中设置一套自动控制装置，压力检测装置 4检测的实时泥浆压 力数据信号传输到自动控制装置， 该装置中预设的 PLC程序， 将实时控制抽 吸排浆泵 7的驱动变频电机的输入电流频率值， 从而控制了抽吸排浆泵 7的实 时排量， 使土体、 注桨管和孔口密封装置之间的泥浆压力始终保持与周围土 体压力一致。
实施例 1、 实施例 2和实施例 3中， 孔口壁平面密封圈 15、 孔口壁密封法兰 28和左法兰 17通过一端牢固置入孔口壁内、 另一端是螺紋形式的若干数量的 膨胀螺栓螺母 29相连接， 孔口壁密封法兰 28和左法兰 17中间装有平面法兰密 封圈 16。 端部密封法兰 24和右法兰 22通过法兰连接螺栓螺母 21相连接， 端部 密封法兰 24和右法兰 22中间装有平面法兰密封圈 23 ,注浆管 2从端部密封法兰 24的内孔穿过， 在注浆管 2和端部密封法兰 24中间、 端部密封法兰 24内孔中的 凹槽中装有端部旋转密封 25。
上述实施例所用的喷头的内部设置的止回装置， 使土体与注浆管之间的 浆液在任何情况下不会通过高压水、 压缩空气和固化材料浆液管道中回流； 所用的孔口密封装置固定于工作井壁， 与喷头和注浆管保持同心， 使压缩空 气包裹高压水切削土体形成的土体和注浆管之间的泥浆，保持泥浆套的状态， 并始终不会从孔口的间隙流出， 所用的泥浆主动抽排装置具有两个作用： 1) 当泥浆箱内自动排放的泥浆达到一定的容量时， 开启泥浆抽吸泵， 将泥浆箱 内的泥浆抽到地面的泥水处理装置进行泥水分离处理； 2) 作为可调节开启压 力的阀门的辅助， 主动排放泥浆套内的泥浆。
对于泥浆主动抽排装置的使用， 当水平旋喷加固土层属于砂性土、 含有 较多易沉淀的固体颗粒、 需要提高泥浆的流动性时， 可以打开与孔口密封装 置相连接的阀门， 启动抽吸排浆泵进行主动排桨。 抽吸排浆泵的排浆流量应 当始终低于通过高压水泵压入喷头切割土体的高压水的进水流量。 工业实用性
本发明的水平旋喷加固施工时可自动平衡周围土体压力的装置， 该装置 不需要在喷头和注浆管上安装压力测量装置， 可在水平旋喷加固施工的全过 程中保证旋喷注浆管和周围土体之间的泥浆压力与周围土体的压力始终自动 保持平衡。 其装置结构简单、 施工速度快、 安全性强、 对环境影响小， 适合 于各种土层条件的水平旋喷施工。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种水平旋喷加固施工时可自动平衡周围土体压力的装置， 其特征在 于该装置包括喷头、 注浆管、 孔口密封装置、 可调节开启压力的阀门、 压力 检测装置， 其中所述喷头的内部设有止回装置； 所述的孔口密封装置固定于 工作井壁， 所述孔口密封装置内部与喷头切割土体形成的泥浆相通， 泥浆压 力的大小通过安装在孔口密封装置上的可调节开启压力的阀门控制， 当泥浆 压力高于可调节开启压力的阀门设定的开启压力值， 阀门自动开启， 当泥浆 压力低于可调节开启压力的阀门设定的开启压力值， 阀门自动关闭； 所述孔 口密封装置与喷头和注桨管保持同心； 所述注浆管沿所述孔口密封装置中心 穿过； 所述压力检测装置安装在所述孔口密封装置上， 实时测定泥浆的压力。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种水平旋喷加固施工时可自动平衡周围土体 压力的装置， 其特征在于所述装置还包括泥浆箱和泥浆主动抽排装置， 所述 泥浆主动抽排装置包括泥浆抽吸泵以及阀门和管道， 所述泥浆箱与可调节开 启压力的阀门接通， 所述泥浆抽吸泵与泥浆箱之间通过阀门、 管道连通。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的一种水平旋喷加固施工时可自动平衡周围土体 压力的装置， 其特征在于所述泥浆抽吸泵与孔口密封装置之间通过阀门、 管 道连通。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种水平旋喷加固施工时可自动平衡周围土体 压力的装置， 其特征在于所述装置还包括泥浆主动抽排装置， 所述泥浆主动 抽排装置包括泥浆抽吸泵以及阀门和管道， 所述泥浆抽吸泵与孔口密封装置 之间通过阀门、 管道连通。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种水平旋喷加固施工时可自动平衡周围土体 压力的装置， 其特征在于所述喷头至少包含了两种喷嘴： 1 ) 高压水喷射切割 土体扩孔并形成泥浆的喷嘴； 2) 高压固化材料浆液的喷嘴。
6. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种水平旋喷加固施工时可自动平衡周围土体 压力的装置， 其特征在于所述压力检测装置为压力表或压力传感器。
7. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种水平旋喷加固施工时可自动平衡周围土体 压力的装置， 其特征在于所述可调节开启压力的阀门为手动调节开启压力的 法兰、 或通过控制信号控制开启压力的阀门。
8. 一种水平旋喷加固施工时可自动平衡周围土体压力的施工方法， 其特 征在于该施工方法通过注浆管和喷头喷射而出的物质至少包括高压水、 压缩 空气和高压固化材料浆液， 且高压水喷射切割土体扩孔并形成泥浆始终先于 高压固化材料浆液的喷射。
9. 根据权利要求 8所述的一种水平旋喷加固施工时可自动平衡周围土体 压力的施工方法， 其特征在于该施工方法所采用的可调节开启压力的阀门和 泥浆箱， 安装在工作井内， 所述可调节开启压力的阀门的开启压力值与旋喷 孔位深度的土层中的实际土体压力值保持一致。
10. 根据权利要求 8所述的一种水平旋喷加固施工时可自动平衡周围土体 泥浆箱通过垂直管道连接安装在地面， 所述可调节开启压力的阀门的开启压 力值等于旋喷孔位深度的土层中的实际土体压力值减去垂直管道内上下泥浆 压力差的绝对值。
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CN111236921A (zh) * 2020-01-08 2020-06-05 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司 一种旋喷注浆加固过程监控系统及方法
CN114279698A (zh) * 2021-12-30 2022-04-05 北京中岩大地科技股份有限公司 一种旋喷效果的测试方法
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CN103743591B (zh) * 2013-12-31 2016-01-20 河海大学 一种泥沙溶液采样装置及采样方法
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CN114635723B (zh) * 2022-04-25 2023-10-03 四川公路桥梁建设集团有限公司 一种用于富水隧道漏水的注浆封堵装置

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CN115387383B (zh) * 2022-09-02 2023-10-10 中铁四局集团有限公司 一种紧邻既有线地铁车站夹层的加固处理新方法

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