WO2010026294A1 - Composition, process for preparing the composition, and use of the composition - Google Patents

Composition, process for preparing the composition, and use of the composition Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010026294A1
WO2010026294A1 PCT/FI2009/050701 FI2009050701W WO2010026294A1 WO 2010026294 A1 WO2010026294 A1 WO 2010026294A1 FI 2009050701 W FI2009050701 W FI 2009050701W WO 2010026294 A1 WO2010026294 A1 WO 2010026294A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
composition
water
provided inside
particle
structures
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2009/050701
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Mikko Tilli
Original Assignee
A. Graveolens Oy
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by A. Graveolens Oy filed Critical A. Graveolens Oy
Publication of WO2010026294A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010026294A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
    • C08F2/12—Polymerisation in non-solvents
    • C08F2/16—Aqueous medium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
    • C09K21/06—Organic materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
    • C08J3/24—Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
    • C08J3/241—Preventing premature crosslinking by physical separation of components, e.g. encapsulation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2383/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2385/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing atoms other than silicon, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
    • C08K9/10—Encapsulated ingredients

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the composition as defined in the preamble of claim 1, to the process for preparing the composition as defined in the preamble of claim 12 and to the use of the composition as defined in the preamble of claim 20.
  • silanes react with moisture by hydrolyzing into silones which react with each other, forming polysiloxanes .
  • catalysts these compounds can be reacted by the effect of mois- ture already at room temperature.
  • Typical applications for these binder products are high temperature coatings.
  • these binders cannot be used widely as binders in composites because a film which forms quickly on the surface of the binder prevents the ac- cess of moisture deep into the structure and the binder will not react internally.
  • the objective of the invention is to eliminate the drawbacks referred to above and to disclose a composition and a process for preparing the composition, wherein water is provided in the composition in a particle structure.
  • Another objective of the invention is to disclose a novel ingredient, preferably a binder, for use in coatings and composite structures which may contain organic materials.
  • compositions, preparation of the composition and use of the composition according to the in- vention are characterized by what has been presented in the claims.
  • the invention is based on a composition containing an organometal-based compound.
  • water is provided in the composition in such manner that the water, preferably liquid or solid water, is provided inside particle structures of a predetermined desired shape, the particle structures are provided inside the composition, and the water reacts with the organometallic compound as it is re- leased from the particle structure substantially inside the composition.
  • the particle structure may be any particle, fragment, corpuscle, colloid, molecular structure or the like.
  • the particle structure may have a droplet, spherical, granular, elongated, particulate or other suitable shape.
  • the particle structure is formed from any material or compound suitable for the application and it may contain various additives, auxiliaries or binders.
  • the size of the particle structure is preferably of the micro or the nano order. Further, the invention is based on a corresponding process for preparing the composition.
  • the invention is specifically based on adding water as a particle structure to a composition containing an organometal-based compound and being used e.g. as a binder or the like.
  • the water contained in the particle structure reacts with the organometallic compound throughout, substantially inside the composition, either without separate activation or alternatively after activation.
  • the composition also includes a reaction product which is an organometal-based compound as well.
  • an organometal-based compound refers to any organometallic compound which con- tains a suitable metal, e.g. silicon, titanium and/or aluminium, as well as carbon in varying proportions as elements, different compounds or their derivatives.
  • the organometal-based compound contains siloxane, polysilox- ane, alkyl polysiloxane, chlorine-terminated polysilox- ane, amino-terminated polysiloxane, ethoxy-terminated polysiloxane, methoxy-terminated polysiloxane, urethane siloxane copolymer, polyether siloxane copolymer, silicon organohybride, poly (diethoxy siloxane), po- ly(dimethoxy siloxane), poly(dibutyl titanate) , diethoxy siloxane s-butyl aluminate copolymer, diethoxy siloxane ethyl phosphate copolymer, diethoxy siloxane ethyl titanate copolymer, silasane, polysilasane, poly- carbosilane, siloxane ester, organometallic compound, precer
  • the organometallic compound is a metal alkoxide compound, preferably an oligomeric or polymeric metal alkoxide.
  • a geopolymer refers to mineral molecule chain and network structures which are bound by covalent bonds. Geopolymers may contain the following chemical groups: siloxo, polysiloxo, sialate, polysialate, sialate-siloxo, poly (sialate-siloxo) , sia- late-disiloxo, poly (sialate-disiloxo) , phosphate, polyphosphate, phospho-siloxo, poly (phospho-siloxo) , phos- pho-sialate, poly (phospho-sialate) , organo-siloxo and/or polysilicon groups.
  • a preceramic and ceramic compound refers to an oligomeric or polymeric ceramic compound wherein the chain and/or the network structure consists of inorganic and organic components, wherein the organic component may be preferably removed by chemical reaction.
  • the organometal-based compound is in the form of a solution. In one embodiment, the organometallic compound is substantially in the solid form. In one embodiment, a polymeric metal oxide compound, Met ⁇ or the like is provided as the product of the reaction between the organometal-based compound and water. In one embodiment, a polymeric silicon oxide compound, SiO x or the like is provided as the product of the reaction between the organosilicon- based compound and water. In one embodiment, the provided compound is substantially in the form of a network matrix structure.
  • water e.g. liquid or solid water
  • water is provided inside the composition without reacting with the organometal- based compound before it is released from the particle structure by means of a predetermined activator.
  • the water is released from the particle structure inside the composition by the activator, whereupon the re- leased water activates a reaction with the organometal- lic compound.
  • water inside the particle structure can be released by an activator selected from the group of temperature change, e.g. elevation of temperature, electromagnetic radiation, pH change, chemical change, mechanical stress, pressure, underpressure and their combinations.
  • the composition is provided with a catalyst to improve the reaction between the organometallic compound and water.
  • a catalyst to improve the reaction between the organometallic compound and water.
  • titanium butylate is used as the catalyst.
  • the water- containing particle structures are provided inside the composition by mechanical mixing, e.g. utilizing high shear forces.
  • the water-containing particle structures are provided inside the composition by strong mixing, preferably without auxiliaries or solvents. Strong mixing generates high shear forces in the solution, whereby the aqueous structures are com- posed in droplets inside the organometallic compound.
  • the water-containing particle structures are provided inside the composition by ultrasound.
  • water is bound by chemical bond to the particle structure, preferably to the material or compound that forms the particle structure. In one embodiment, water is bound to the particle structure covalently.
  • water is bound to a binder or an auxiliary and provided, together with the binder or the auxiliary, in particle structures inside the composition.
  • auxiliaries which aid in mixture formation are used.
  • mono-, di-, oligo- and/or polysaccharides are used as the auxiliary.
  • water is provided inside particle structures, wherein the structures are formed from a non-hydrolysable material or compound. Preferably, this improves the stability and therefore storability of the water-containing struc- tures.
  • water is provided first inside self-organizing molecular structures and then inside the composition as contained inside the self-organizing molecular structures.
  • water is encapsulated inside inverse micelles, and the encapsulated water is provided inside the composition.
  • an inverse emulsion or inverse dispersion i.e. a water-in-oil effect, is provided wherein the water as encapsulated or bound to the structure is brought inside the composition, wherein the organometallic compound is outside and the water is inside of the capsules or the structures.
  • water is provided inside inverse micelles which are provided inside a non-hydrolysable medium to form the particle structures.
  • the particle structures in the form of e.g.
  • a micelle or an inverse micelle refers to a colloidal particle consisting of a number of molecules.
  • the micelle may be a spherical, elongated, vesicle or a more complex structure.
  • the walls of the micelle may be either single or formed from more than one molecular layer.
  • the micelle may be formed by one molecule or molecular structure or by those of more than one type.
  • the molecules are polar.
  • the walls of the microscopic micelle prevent water from being released into the composition, so that it may be stored inside the composition until it can be released by the desired activator.
  • the strength of the walls of the micelle may be enhanced by adding weak interaction van-der-Waals bonds, ionic bonds or covalent bonds.
  • the composition may be prepared into binders or so-called prepreg composite structures which may be cured afterwards e.g. by heat, underpressure or electromagnetic radiation, so as to release the water through the wall into the composition which activates the reaction.
  • the walls of the micelle may also be polymerized to withstand e.g. longer periods of storage and greater temperature variations during storage.
  • water is provided inside zeolite structures coated with self-organized molecules to form the particle structures.
  • water is provided inside other equivalent porous structure to form the particle structures.
  • the invention is based on the use of the composition, wherein the composition is used as structural material in a composite structure, e.g. a plastic or a wood structure.
  • the composition is used as structural material together with fibrous raw material.
  • fibrous raw material refers to any fibrous raw material which may contain various fibres, porous material, fillers and/or additives.
  • the fibrous raw material contains reinforcing fibre which may be an inorganic fibre and/or a natural fibre such as glass, basalt, wood, flax, bamboo or palsa fibre and/or a synthetic fibre.
  • the fibrous raw material contains short and/or long fibres, and the fibres may be in the form of single fibres, fibre bundles, woven and/or braided fibres.
  • the porous material is inorganic and/or organic flat material. Any materials and sub- stances known per se e.g. silicon dioxides, titanium dioxides, carbides, melamine, sand, talc, various mineral or metal derivatives or other suitable fillers may be used as the composite material or the filler.
  • the compo- sition is used as a binder in a composite structure.
  • the binder and fibrous raw material are formed into a surface structure for protecting e.g. a structure which contains organic material, such as a plastic or a wood structure, against high temperatures or fire.
  • the composition is used as a resin in a composite structure.
  • the composition is used as a coating.
  • the water contained in the composition used as structural material may have reacted with the or- ganometallic compound inside the composition before preparing the composite structure, or the water may be released substantially in connection with the prepara- tion of the composite structure so as to react with the organometallic compound.
  • the provided composite structure may be a solid, porous or a partly void structure.
  • the composite structure and/or surface struc- ture may be formed by any process and/or device known per se.
  • the invention provides the advantage that the internal water reacts with the organometal-based compound inside the composition, i.e. inside a compound, and the compound is made to react throughout.
  • the composition according to the invention provides new uses for composite structures.
  • a composite structure containing the composition according to the invention may be used as such or e.g. as a surface structure.
  • the invention may be utilized e.g. in items requiring materials that withstand high temperatures and heavy stress.
  • Materials prepared from the composition according to the invention may be used e.g. as fire-retardant materials, coatings, thin coatings, electrical insulating materials, skeleton structures, industrial profiles, heat shields, aircraft components, ship structures, components of transportation equipment, tubular structures or in equivalent applications.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that the composition and the composite structure may be prepared by the existing apparatuses and in the existing plants. Furthermore, the composition may be utilized and used in connection and together with the ex- isting products.
  • Tests were carried out to form a polysilox- ane-based composition from an alkyl silicone resin which contained methyl and methoxy groups and inside which water was provided (0.1; 0.25; 0.5; 2.5; 5.0; and 10.0 % by mass) as encapsulated inside micelles.
  • water was released from the micelles by raising the temperature which acted as the activator so as to react with the alkyl polysilox- ane compound, and the siloxane compound reacted fur- ther by itself by the effect of hydrolytic polyconden- sation, forming chained and networked oligomeric and polymeric R 2 - (SiO x ) n molecules which reacted further to form different types of SiO x compounds.
  • dioctyl sulphosuccinate sodium salt was used for preparing the inverse micelles in excess of the critical micelle concentration.
  • an amphiphilic block polymer was used for preparing the micelles in excess of the critical micelle concentration.
  • compositions according to the tests were found to act well as binders in a composite structure.
  • the composite structure contained, in addition to the binder according to the invention (30 to 60 % by weight), reinforcing fibre and/or porous material (40 to 70 % by weight) .
  • the composite structure exhibited good heat and fire resistance properties. It was found to be possible not to react the water inside the binder from the micelles until in connection with the preparation of the composite structure, whereby the structure could be cured into the desired shape in a controlled manner.
  • composition according to the invention is applicable as different embodiments for different uses, e.g. as a binder in composite materials.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a composition containing an organometal-based compound. According to the invention, water is provided in the composition in such manner that it is provided inside particle structures, the particle structures are provided inside the composition, and the water reacts with the organometallic compound as it is released from the particle structure substantially inside the composition. Further, the invention relates to a corresponding process for preparing the composition and to the use of the composition as structural material in a composite structure.

Description

COMPOSITION, PROCESS FOR PREPARING THE COMPOSITION, AND USE OF THE COMPOSITION
FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to the composition as defined in the preamble of claim 1, to the process for preparing the composition as defined in the preamble of claim 12 and to the use of the composition as defined in the preamble of claim 20.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Known from the prior art is the reaction, polymerization and cross-linking of silanes, polysilox- anes, siloxane esters and other silicon-containing or- ganosilicon compounds as well as pre-ceramic polymers by moisture of air. Typically, silanes react with moisture by hydrolyzing into silones which react with each other, forming polysiloxanes . With catalysts, these compounds can be reacted by the effect of mois- ture already at room temperature. Typical applications for these binder products are high temperature coatings. However, these binders cannot be used widely as binders in composites because a film which forms quickly on the surface of the binder prevents the ac- cess of moisture deep into the structure and the binder will not react internally.
It is known that the use of materials which contain organic matter, such as wood structures, plastic composites and other organic matter containing ma- terials, e.g. as structural materials or in industrial applications is limited by their flammability and poor resistance to high temperatures. According to the current building codes, organic structures cannot be used for example in large multi-storey buildings. In addi- tion, many provisions of seafaring, aviation and ground transport restrict the use of flammable materials in a number of applications. Furthermore, many industrial processes require materials withstanding high temperatures. Yet, organic structures are typically light and possess good ballistic properties.
OBJECTIVE OF THE INVENTION
The objective of the invention is to eliminate the drawbacks referred to above and to disclose a composition and a process for preparing the composition, wherein water is provided in the composition in a particle structure. Another objective of the invention is to disclose a novel ingredient, preferably a binder, for use in coatings and composite structures which may contain organic materials.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The composition, preparation of the composition and use of the composition according to the in- vention are characterized by what has been presented in the claims.
The invention is based on a composition containing an organometal-based compound. According to the invention, water is provided in the composition in such manner that the water, preferably liquid or solid water, is provided inside particle structures of a predetermined desired shape, the particle structures are provided inside the composition, and the water reacts with the organometallic compound as it is re- leased from the particle structure substantially inside the composition. The particle structure may be any particle, fragment, corpuscle, colloid, molecular structure or the like. The particle structure may have a droplet, spherical, granular, elongated, particulate or other suitable shape. The particle structure is formed from any material or compound suitable for the application and it may contain various additives, auxiliaries or binders. The size of the particle structure is preferably of the micro or the nano order. Further, the invention is based on a corresponding process for preparing the composition.
The invention is specifically based on adding water as a particle structure to a composition containing an organometal-based compound and being used e.g. as a binder or the like. The water contained in the particle structure reacts with the organometallic compound throughout, substantially inside the composition, either without separate activation or alternatively after activation. After the reaction of water and the organometal-based compound, the composition also includes a reaction product which is an organometal-based compound as well.
In this context, an organometal-based compound refers to any organometallic compound which con- tains a suitable metal, e.g. silicon, titanium and/or aluminium, as well as carbon in varying proportions as elements, different compounds or their derivatives.
In one embodiment of the invention, the organometal-based compound contains siloxane, polysilox- ane, alkyl polysiloxane, chlorine-terminated polysilox- ane, amino-terminated polysiloxane, ethoxy-terminated polysiloxane, methoxy-terminated polysiloxane, urethane siloxane copolymer, polyether siloxane copolymer, silicon organohybride, poly (diethoxy siloxane), po- ly(dimethoxy siloxane), poly(dibutyl titanate) , diethoxy siloxane s-butyl aluminate copolymer, diethoxy siloxane ethyl phosphate copolymer, diethoxy siloxane ethyl titanate copolymer, silasane, polysilasane, poly- carbosilane, siloxane ester, organometallic compound, preceramic compound, geopolymer, their derivative or their mixtures. In one preferred embodiment, the organometal- lic compound is an oligomeric or polymeric compound.
In one embodiment, the organometallic compound is a metal alkoxide compound, preferably an oligomeric or polymeric metal alkoxide.
In this context, a geopolymer refers to mineral molecule chain and network structures which are bound by covalent bonds. Geopolymers may contain the following chemical groups: siloxo, polysiloxo, sialate, polysialate, sialate-siloxo, poly (sialate-siloxo) , sia- late-disiloxo, poly (sialate-disiloxo) , phosphate, polyphosphate, phospho-siloxo, poly (phospho-siloxo) , phos- pho-sialate, poly (phospho-sialate) , organo-siloxo and/or polysilicon groups. In this context, a preceramic and ceramic compound refers to an oligomeric or polymeric ceramic compound wherein the chain and/or the network structure consists of inorganic and organic components, wherein the organic component may be preferably removed by chemical reaction.
In one embodiment, the organometal-based compound is in the form of a solution. In one embodiment, the organometallic compound is substantially in the solid form. In one embodiment, a polymeric metal oxide compound, Metθχ or the like is provided as the product of the reaction between the organometal-based compound and water. In one embodiment, a polymeric silicon oxide compound, SiOx or the like is provided as the product of the reaction between the organosilicon- based compound and water. In one embodiment, the provided compound is substantially in the form of a network matrix structure.
In one embodiment of the invention, water, e.g. liquid or solid water, is provided inside the composition without reacting with the organometal- based compound before it is released from the particle structure by means of a predetermined activator. The water is released from the particle structure inside the composition by the activator, whereupon the re- leased water activates a reaction with the organometal- lic compound. In one embodiment, water inside the particle structure can be released by an activator selected from the group of temperature change, e.g. elevation of temperature, electromagnetic radiation, pH change, chemical change, mechanical stress, pressure, underpressure and their combinations.
In one embodiment of the invention, the composition is provided with a catalyst to improve the reaction between the organometallic compound and water. In one embodiment, titanium butylate is used as the catalyst.
In one embodiment of the invention, the water- containing particle structures are provided inside the composition by mechanical mixing, e.g. utilizing high shear forces. In one embodiment, the water-containing particle structures are provided inside the composition by strong mixing, preferably without auxiliaries or solvents. Strong mixing generates high shear forces in the solution, whereby the aqueous structures are com- posed in droplets inside the organometallic compound. In one embodiment, the water-containing particle structures are provided inside the composition by ultrasound.
In one embodiment of the invention, water is bound by chemical bond to the particle structure, preferably to the material or compound that forms the particle structure. In one embodiment, water is bound to the particle structure covalently.
In one embodiment, water is bound to a binder or an auxiliary and provided, together with the binder or the auxiliary, in particle structures inside the composition. In one preferred embodiment, auxiliaries which aid in mixture formation are used. In one embodiment, mono-, di-, oligo- and/or polysaccharides are used as the auxiliary. In one embodiment of the invention, water is provided inside particle structures, wherein the structures are formed from a non-hydrolysable material or compound. Preferably, this improves the stability and therefore storability of the water-containing struc- tures.
In one embodiment of the invention, water is provided first inside self-organizing molecular structures and then inside the composition as contained inside the self-organizing molecular structures. In one embodiment, water is encapsulated inside inverse micelles, and the encapsulated water is provided inside the composition. Preferably, an inverse emulsion or inverse dispersion, i.e. a water-in-oil effect, is provided wherein the water as encapsulated or bound to the structure is brought inside the composition, wherein the organometallic compound is outside and the water is inside of the capsules or the structures. In one embodiment, water is provided inside inverse micelles which are provided inside a non-hydrolysable medium to form the particle structures. The particle structures in the form of e.g. an inverse emulsion are then provided into the composition. Preferably, this improves the stability and therefore storability of the water- containing structures. In this context, a micelle or an inverse micelle refers to a colloidal particle consisting of a number of molecules. The micelle may be a spherical, elongated, vesicle or a more complex structure. The walls of the micelle may be either single or formed from more than one molecular layer. The micelle may be formed by one molecule or molecular structure or by those of more than one type. Preferably, the molecules are polar. The walls of the microscopic micelle prevent water from being released into the composition, so that it may be stored inside the composition until it can be released by the desired activator. The strength of the walls of the micelle may be enhanced by adding weak interaction van-der-Waals bonds, ionic bonds or covalent bonds. In this case, the composition may be prepared into binders or so-called prepreg composite structures which may be cured afterwards e.g. by heat, underpressure or electromagnetic radiation, so as to release the water through the wall into the composition which activates the reaction. The walls of the micelle may also be polymerized to withstand e.g. longer periods of storage and greater temperature variations during storage.
In one embodiment, water is provided inside zeolite structures coated with self-organized molecules to form the particle structures. In an alternative em- bodiment, water is provided inside other equivalent porous structure to form the particle structures.
Further, the invention is based on the use of the composition, wherein the composition is used as structural material in a composite structure, e.g. a plastic or a wood structure.
In one embodiment of the invention, the composition is used as structural material together with fibrous raw material.
In this context, fibrous raw material refers to any fibrous raw material which may contain various fibres, porous material, fillers and/or additives. In one embodiment, the fibrous raw material contains reinforcing fibre which may be an inorganic fibre and/or a natural fibre such as glass, basalt, wood, flax, bamboo or palsa fibre and/or a synthetic fibre. In one embodiment, the fibrous raw material contains short and/or long fibres, and the fibres may be in the form of single fibres, fibre bundles, woven and/or braided fibres. In one embodiment, the porous material is inorganic and/or organic flat material. Any materials and sub- stances known per se e.g. silicon dioxides, titanium dioxides, carbides, melamine, sand, talc, various mineral or metal derivatives or other suitable fillers may be used as the composite material or the filler.
In one embodiment of the invention, the compo- sition is used as a binder in a composite structure. In one embodiment, the binder and fibrous raw material are formed into a surface structure for protecting e.g. a structure which contains organic material, such as a plastic or a wood structure, against high temperatures or fire.
In one embodiment of the invention, the composition is used as a resin in a composite structure.
In one embodiment of the invention, the composition is used as a coating. The water contained in the composition used as structural material may have reacted with the or- ganometallic compound inside the composition before preparing the composite structure, or the water may be released substantially in connection with the prepara- tion of the composite structure so as to react with the organometallic compound.
The provided composite structure may be a solid, porous or a partly void structure.
The composite structure and/or surface struc- ture may be formed by any process and/or device known per se.
The invention provides the advantage that the internal water reacts with the organometal-based compound inside the composition, i.e. inside a compound, and the compound is made to react throughout. The composition according to the invention provides new uses for composite structures. A composite structure containing the composition according to the invention may be used as such or e.g. as a surface structure. The invention may be utilized e.g. in items requiring materials that withstand high temperatures and heavy stress. Materials prepared from the composition according to the invention may be used e.g. as fire-retardant materials, coatings, thin coatings, electrical insulating materials, skeleton structures, industrial profiles, heat shields, aircraft components, ship structures, components of transportation equipment, tubular structures or in equivalent applications. Another advantage of the invention is that the composition and the composite structure may be prepared by the existing apparatuses and in the existing plants. Furthermore, the composition may be utilized and used in connection and together with the ex- isting products.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the following section, the invention will be described by detailed examples of its embodiments.
Example 1
Tests were carried out to form a polysilox- ane-based composition from an alkyl silicone resin which contained methyl and methoxy groups and inside which water was provided (0.1; 0.25; 0.5; 2.5; 5.0; and 10.0 % by mass) as encapsulated inside micelles. In the provided composition, water was released from the micelles by raising the temperature which acted as the activator so as to react with the alkyl polysilox- ane compound, and the siloxane compound reacted fur- ther by itself by the effect of hydrolytic polyconden- sation, forming chained and networked oligomeric and polymeric R2- (SiOx) n molecules which reacted further to form different types of SiOx compounds. In a first test, dioctyl sulphosuccinate sodium salt was used for preparing the inverse micelles in excess of the critical micelle concentration.
In a second test, an amphiphilic block polymer was used for preparing the micelles in excess of the critical micelle concentration.
The compositions according to the tests were found to act well as binders in a composite structure. The composite structure contained, in addition to the binder according to the invention (30 to 60 % by weight), reinforcing fibre and/or porous material (40 to 70 % by weight) . The composite structure exhibited good heat and fire resistance properties. It was found to be possible not to react the water inside the binder from the micelles until in connection with the preparation of the composite structure, whereby the structure could be cured into the desired shape in a controlled manner.
The composition according to the invention is applicable as different embodiments for different uses, e.g. as a binder in composite materials.
The invention is not limited merely to the examples referred to above; instead, many variations are possible within the scope of the inventive idea defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A composition containing an organometal- based compound, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that water is provided in the composition in such manner that it is provided inside particle structures, the particle structures are provided inside the composition and the water reacts with the organometallic compound when released from the particle structure substantially inside the composition.
2. The composition according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that water is provided inside the composition without reacting with the or- ganometal-based compound before it is released from the particle structure by a predetermined activator.
3. The composition according to claim 1 or 2, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that water inside the particle structure can be released by an activator selected from the group of temperature change, electromagnetic radiation, pH change, chemical change, mechanical stress, pressure, underpressure and their combinations .
4. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the composition is provided with a catalyst to improve the reaction between the organometallic compound and water.
5. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the water-containing particle structures are provided in the composition by mechanical mixing.
6. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that water is bound to the particle structure by chemical bond.
7. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that water is provided inside the particle structures, wherein the structures are formed from a non-hydrolysable compound.
8. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that water is provided inside the composition as contained in self- organizing molecular structures.
9. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that water is encapsulated inside inverse micelles and the encapsulated water is provided inside the composition.
10. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that water is provided inside inverse micelles which are provided inside a non-hydrolysable medium to form the particle structures .
11. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the or- ganometal-based compound contains siloxane, polysilox- ane, alkyl polysiloxane, chlorine-terminated polysi- loxane, amino-terminated polysiloxane, ethoxy- terminated polysiloxane, methoxy-terminated polysilox- ane, urethane siloxane copolymer, polyether siloxane copolymer, silicon organohybride, poly (diethoxy siloxane), poly (dimethoxy siloxane), poly(dibutyl titan- ate), diethoxy siloxane s-butyl aluminate copolymer, diethoxy siloxane ethyl phosphate copolymer, diethoxy siloxane ethyl titanate copolymer, silasane, polysila- sane, polycarbosilane, siloxane ester, organometallic compound, preceramic compound, geopolymer, their derivative or their mixtures.
12. A process for preparing a composition con- taining an organometal-based compound, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that water is provided in the composition in such manner that it is provided inside particle structures, the particle structures are provided inside the composition and the water reacts with the or- ganometallic compound when released from the particle structure substantially inside the composition.
13. The process according to claim 12, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that water is released from the particle structure in the composition by means of a predetermined activator so as to react with the or- ganometal-based compound.
14. The process according to claim 12 or 13, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that water inside the particle structure is released by an activator selected from the group of temperature change, electromagnetic radiation, pH change, chemical change, catalyst, mechanical stress, pressure, underpressure and their combinations .
15. The process according to any one of claims 12 to 14, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the water-containing particle structures are provided in the composition by mechanical mixing.
16. The process according to any one of claims 12 to 15, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that water is provided inside the particle structures, wherein the structures are formed from a non-hydrolysable compound.
17. The process according to any one of claims 12 to 16, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that water is provided inside self-organizing molecular struc- tures.
18. The process according to any one of claims 12 to 17, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that water is encapsulated inside inverse micelles and the encapsulated water is provided inside the composition.
19. The process according to any one of claims 12 to 18, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that water is provided inside inverse micelles which are providedt inside a non-hydrolysable medium to form the particle structures .
20. Use of the composition according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the composition is used as structural material in a composite structure.
21. The use of a composition according to claim 20, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the composition is used as structural material together with a fibrous raw material.
22. The use of a composition according to claim 20 or 21, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the composition is used as a binder.
23. The use of a composition according to claim 20 or 22, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the composition is used as a resin.
24. The use of a composition according to any one of claims 20 to 23, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the composition is used as a coating.
PCT/FI2009/050701 2008-09-05 2009-09-03 Composition, process for preparing the composition, and use of the composition WO2010026294A1 (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4918121A (en) * 1987-10-20 1990-04-17 Rhone-Poulenc Chimie Curable organopolysiloxane compositions comprising a hydrogel hardening agent
WO1998026865A1 (en) * 1996-12-17 1998-06-25 Chemcolloids Limited Encapsulation

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4918121A (en) * 1987-10-20 1990-04-17 Rhone-Poulenc Chimie Curable organopolysiloxane compositions comprising a hydrogel hardening agent
WO1998026865A1 (en) * 1996-12-17 1998-06-25 Chemcolloids Limited Encapsulation

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