WO2010025582A1 - 太阳能聚光集热片 - Google Patents

太阳能聚光集热片 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010025582A1
WO2010025582A1 PCT/CN2008/001573 CN2008001573W WO2010025582A1 WO 2010025582 A1 WO2010025582 A1 WO 2010025582A1 CN 2008001573 W CN2008001573 W CN 2008001573W WO 2010025582 A1 WO2010025582 A1 WO 2010025582A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
heat collecting
strip
solar concentrating
sheet according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2008/001573
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
肖立峰
Original Assignee
Xiao Lifeng
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xiao Lifeng filed Critical Xiao Lifeng
Priority to PCT/CN2008/001573 priority Critical patent/WO2010025582A1/zh
Publication of WO2010025582A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010025582A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/10—Prisms
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to solar energy collection and utilization technology, and more particularly to a solar concentrating heat collecting sheet which converts solar energy into heat energy at low cost and high efficiency.
  • solar energy is inexhaustible, but it is not yet an important source of energy that can be used on a large scale.
  • fossil energy such as coal, oil, natural gas and rising prices
  • photoelectric conversion and photothermal conversion devices have been used, such as photoelectric conversion and photothermal conversion devices.
  • a common photothermal conversion device typically has a heat collecting tube coated with light absorbing and converted into heat energy in each of the plurality of glass tubes. The disadvantage is obvious, since the light energy density per unit area irradiated on the heat collecting tube is small, Therefore, the heat collecting efficiency is low, and the solar energy utilization cost is high; and because the heat dissipating surface is large, a high temperature cannot be obtained.
  • the invention aims to solve the defects of the common solar heat collecting device, and provides a high-density concentrating light by using multiple specular reflection and total reflection of light, high light-heat conversion efficiency, low cost, convenient installation and maintenance, and A larger power solar concentrating heat collecting sheet is obtained by array combination.
  • the present invention provides a solar concentrating heat collecting sheet, the solar energy
  • the concentrating heat collecting sheet has a V-shaped strip-shaped body made of a transparent material, the strip-shaped body is formed by a sloped surface, the inclined surface is plated as a mirror surface, and a longitudinal direction is provided inside the strip body.
  • a heat collecting tube is provided, and both ends of the heat collecting tube are provided with a conduit which is sealed and fixed to the end cover and takes out heat.
  • n the refractive index of the strip-shaped transparent material relative to air
  • a 2 is the angle between the planes formed between the light-transmissive surfaces (13, 14) and the opposite ends of the line.
  • the cavity boundary should satisfy the incident angle ⁇ arcs in ⁇ of the light reaching the boundary.
  • the collector tube is made of a highly thermally conductive metal material, and its outer surface is coated with a highly light-absorbing photothermal conversion material.
  • the two inclined faces of the strip are transitioned by a curved surface or a plane which is plated as a reflecting mirror, and the two transparent surfaces are transitioned by a transparent curved surface or plane.
  • Both end faces of the strip in the longitudinal direction are plated as mirror surfaces.
  • the light entering the strip through the light transmitting surface is concentrated to the collecting chamber by refraction, multiple reflection, and total reflection.
  • the contribution of the present invention is that since the solar concentrating heat collecting sheet is in the form of a sheet, the size is very thin. Therefore, the volume is small and the production cost is low. Also due to its unique solar agglomeration structure, the optical density on the heat collecting tube is greatly increased, so that the photothermal conversion efficiency and the temperature at which the collector tube is balanced (ie, the highest temperature that can be obtained) can be greatly improved. It also has the characteristics of simple and reliable structural process, easy availability of materials, and high-volume, modular production. And because of its plate-like structure and the characteristics of not needing to track the sun, it can be easily arranged into a large-area array to achieve greater power output, and installation and maintenance are simple.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention, wherein Fig. 1A is a schematic perspective view, Fig. 1B is a plan view, Fig. 1C is a schematic view of the end face, Fig. 1D is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the light transmitting surface of the strip, and Fig. 1E is a strip along the strip. A cross-sectional view of the plane of symmetry.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the concentrating light of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a view of a collecting light path of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the solar concentrating heat collecting sheet of the present invention has a strip 10 made of a transparent material such as glass, plexiglass or transparent resin, preferably a glass material having a high refractive index or a transparent resin, and the length thereof can be Determined by actual needs. More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1A to 1E, the strip 10 has two symmetrical downwardly inclined light-transmissive surfaces 13, 14 and two symmetrical bevels located at the lower portions of the light-transmitting surfaces 13, 14. 11, 12 constitutes, of which The two symmetrical slopes 11, 12 are plated with a reflective material to form a mirror surface.
  • the inclined surface 11 of the strip 10 and the inclined surface 12 are transitioned by a curved surface 16 which is plated as a mirror surface.
  • the light transmissive surface 13 and the light transmissive surface 14 are transitioned by a transparent plane 17 . Both end faces of the strip 10 in the longitudinal direction are also plated as mirror surfaces.
  • a cavity 15 extending from one end of the strip to the other end is provided inside the strip 10 in the longitudinal direction. As shown in Fig. 1D, the cavity has an inverted triangle in cross section and a bottom portion is transitioned by a circular arc surface.
  • Sealed end caps 20 are provided at both ends of the cavity 15, and the sealed end caps are made of a transparent or non-transparent low thermal conductive material, such as engineering plastic or organic plastic, which is sealingly bonded to the end faces of the strips 10.
  • the cavity 15 and the end caps 20 at both ends define an inner hollow closed light collecting chamber 30, preferably evacuating the collecting chamber.
  • a heat collecting tube 40 is disposed in the light collecting chamber 30 along the length direction, and the heat collecting tube is made of a metal tube having good heat conductivity, such as an aluminum tube, a copper tube, a silver tube, etc., wherein an aluminum tube is preferable, and the cross section thereof may be a triangle. , round, elliptical, preferably triangular and circular. More specifically, in FIG.
  • two axial wing-shaped heat collecting sheets 42 are disposed on the outer wall of the heat collecting tube 40, which are made of a metal sheet with good thermal conductivity, such as aluminum or copper. Silver, etc., among which an aluminum plate is preferred, and the heat collecting tube and the heat collecting sheet thereon are used to collect sunlight entering the collecting chamber from various directions.
  • the heat collecting tube 40 and the heat collecting sheet 42 are made of a highly thermally conductive metal material, and the outer surface thereof is coated with a highly light absorbing photothermal conversion material such as carbon black.
  • a conduit 41 is disposed at each end of the heat collecting tube 40.
  • the heat collecting tube 40 is connected to the strip body through the duct, and the duct 41 is sealed and fixed to the end cover 20 of the light collecting chamber 30 for heat. Lead out.
  • the heat collecting tube 40 has a gap with the light collecting chamber 30.
  • the angle between 14 and the bevel 12 oc must satisfy 0 ⁇ > ⁇ ( arcs in ⁇ - arcs in ⁇ s in a
  • nn 2 the refractive index of the strip-shaped transparent material with respect to air
  • oc 2 the angle between the planes formed between the light-transmitting surfaces (13, 14) and the opposite ends of the connecting lines.
  • the light When connecting the plane formed between the two ends of the line, the light enters the light transmitting surface 13 and 14 at a certain angle with the light transmitting surfaces 13, 14 , and reaches the reflecting surface 11 and 12 through the refraction, and is reflected to the light transmitting surface 13 and 14 through the deflection angle. At this time, the incident angle x ⁇ arcs in ⁇ is totally reflected on the light transmitting surface.
  • the light is reflected back and forth between the two faces toward the collecting chamber 30, and finally satisfies the incident angle ⁇ arcs in ⁇ at the boundary of the cavity 15, and is transmitted to the heat collecting tube 40 and the heat collecting sheet 42 to be absorbed and converted.
  • the present invention can collect 70% to 90% of the scattered light received on the light-transmitting surface 13, 1 into the light collecting chamber 30. Become heat.
  • the ratio of the width to the height of the solar concentrating heat collecting sheet of the present invention depends on the refractive index of the material. According to the refractive index of ordinary glass and plexiglass, the width can be 5 to 8 times the height. Therefore, it approximates a sheet shape.
  • the solar concentrating heat collecting sheets of the present invention can be used in combination, and the plurality of solar concentrating heat collecting sheets 100 can be combined into a large-area array of solar thermal conversion devices.

Description

太阳能聚光集热片
【技术领域】
本发明涉及太阳能收集利用技术，特别是涉及一种低成本、 高效 率地将太阳能转化成热能的太阳能聚光集热片。
【背景技术】
众所周知， 太阳能是取之不尽， 用之不竭， 但人们尚未能大规模 利用的重要能源。随着煤、 石油、 天然气等化石能源的减少及价格的 不断上涨，人类直接从太阳能中获取能量已变得越来越重要。 目前已 有各种各样的太阳能利用设备被使用， 如光电转换及光热转换设备 等。普通的光热转换设备典型的是在多根玻璃管中各装有一根涂有吸 光并转换为热能的集热管，其缺点显而易见， 由于照射在集热管上的 单位面积上光能量密度较小， 因此其集热效率低，且太阳能利用成本 较高； 还由于其散热面大， 因此不能获得较高的温度。
【发明内容】
本发明旨在解决普通太阳能集热设备的缺陷，而提供一种利用光 的多次镜面反射、 全反射而高密度聚集光线， 光热转换效率高， 成本 低，安装使用及维护方便， 并可通过阵列组合获取较大功率的太阳能 聚光集热片。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种太阳能聚光集热片，该太阳能 聚光集热片有一个透明材料制成的橫截面为 V形的条状体，该条状体 的斜面构成，所述斜面镀为反射镜面，在该条状体内部沿长度方向设 有一个从条状体一端贯通至另一端的空腔， 空腔的两端设有密封端 盖， 空腔与其两端的端盖围成一个内部中空的密闭的集光室，在集光 室内沿长度方向设有一根集热管，集热管的两端设有与端盖密封固定 并将热量引出的导管。
两个透光面与两个斜面间的夹角 α !须满足 e , > - ( arcs in丄―
2 n arcs in丄 s in a 2 )， 其中 n 为条状体透明材料相对于空气的折射率，
n
a 2为透光面 （13、 14 )和与其相对的连接两端线间所形成的平面间 的夹角。
所述空腔边界应满足到达边界上的光线的入射角 <arcs in丄。
n 集热管由高导热金属材料制成，其外表面涂有高吸光的光热转换 材料。
集热管与集光室之间具有间隙。
条状体的两斜面之间由一曲面或平面过渡，该曲面或平面镀为反 射镜面， 所述两个透光面之间由一透光的曲面或平面过渡。
所述条状体的长度方向的两端面镀为反射镜面。
经透光面进入条状体的光线经折射和多次反射、全反射聚集到集 光室。
多片太阳能聚光集热片可组合成大面积阵列。
本发明的贡献在于，由于该太阳能聚光集热片呈片状，尺寸很薄， 因此体积小， 制作成本低。 还由于其独特的阳光聚集结构， 而大大提 高了照在集热管上的光密度，因此能较大幅度地提高光热转换效率以 及集热管平衡时的温度（即可以获得的最高温度）。 它还具有结构工 艺简单可靠， 材料易得， 可以大批量、 模块化生产等特点。 且由于它 的类板状结构以及不需跟踪太阳的特性使得它可以方便地排成大面 积板阵， 实现较大功率输出， 同时安装维护简单。
【附图说明】
图 1是本发明的结构示意图， 其中， 图 1A为立体示意图， 图 1B 为平面示意图， 图 1C为端面示意图， 图 1D为垂直于条状体透光面的 剖视图， 图 1E为沿条状体对称面的剖视图。
图 2是本发明的聚光原理图。
图 3是本发明的实施例的聚光光路图。
【具体实施方式】
下列实施例是对本发明的进一步解释和说明，对本发明不构成任 何限制。
参阅图 1 , 本发明的太阳能聚光集热片有一个条状体 10， 它由玻 璃、有机玻璃、 透明树脂等透明材料制成， 优选折射率高的玻璃材料 或透明树脂， 其长度可以根据实际需要而确定。 更具体地说， 如图 1A〜图 1E所示， 该条状体 10两个对称的向下倾斜的透光面 13、 14 和两个位于透光面 13、 14下部的两个对称的斜面 11、 12构成， 其中 的两个对称斜面 11、 12上镀有反光材料而形成反射镜面。 所述条状 体 10的斜面 11与斜面 12之间由一曲面 16过渡， 该曲面 16镀为反 射镜面。 所述透光面 13与透光面 14之间由一透光的平面 17过渡。 条状体 10的长度方向的两端面也镀为反射镜面。在该条状体 10内部 沿长度方向设有一个从条状体一端贯通至另一端的空腔 15，如图 1D, 该空腔的横截面为倒三角形， 其底部由圆弧面过渡。 在空腔 15的两 端设有密封端盖 20， 该密封端盖用透明或非透明的低导热材料， 如 工程塑料或有机塑料制成， 它与条状体 10的端面密封粘接固定。 空 腔 15与其两端的端盖 20围成一个内部中空的密闭的集光室 30, 最 好将集光室内抽真空。在集光室 30内沿长度方向设有一根集热管 40, 该集热管是由导热性能好的金属管， 如铝管、 铜管、 银管等， 其中优 选铝管，其横截面可以是三角形、 圓形、椭圆形，优选三角形和圓形。 更具体地， 图 1A、 图 1C、 图 ID中， 在集热管 40外壁上间隔地设有 两条轴向的翼状集热片 42 , 它由导热性能好的金属板材， 如铝材、 铜材、银材等， 其中优选铝板， 该集热管和其上的集热片用于收集由 各个方向进入集光室内的太阳光。集热管 40与集热片 42由高导热金 属材料制成， 其外表面涂有高吸光的光热转换材料， 如炭黑。 图 1E 中， 在集热管 40的两端各设有一根导管 41， 集热管 40通过该导管 与条状体相连接， 导管 41则与集光室 30的端盖 20密封固定， 用于 将热量引出。 所述集热管 40与集光室 30具有间隙。
如图 2、 图 3所示， 条状体 10的透光面 13与斜面 11和透光面
14与斜面 12 间的夹角 oc ,须满足 0^ >丄 （ arcs in丄 - arcs in丄 s in a
I n n 2 )，其中 n为条状体透明材料相对于空气的折射率， oc 2为透光面（13、 14 )和与其相对的连接两端线间所形成的平面间的夹角。 本例中， 条 状体由 n > 1. 55的玻璃制成， 0^ = 18°， α 2 = 9°。 须指出的是，条状体 10的透光面 13、 14和与其相对的连接两端 线间所形成的平面与端面的交线 Α安装使用时最好与太阳光线垂直， 使该太阳能聚光集热片无需跟踪太阳光线方向的变化，同时能捕获最 多的太阳光。
本发明的工作原理可以结合图 2加以说明，按照 e ! >丄（arcs in丄
2 n
- arcs in丄 s in a 2 ) 的条件， 当光线垂直于与透光面 13、 14相对的
n
连接两端线间所形成的平面时， 光线与透光面 13、 14呈一定角度进 入透光面 13、 14 , 经折射到达反射面 11、 12， 经偏转角度反射至透 光面 13、 14 , 此时入射角 x^arcs in丄， 在透光面发生全反射， 这样
n
光在两个面之间来回反射向集光室 30运动，最后在空腔 15边界上满 足入射角 <arcs in丄， 并透射到集热管 40、 集热片 42而被吸收转换
Π
成热能。 由此可知， 经透光面 13、 14进入条状体 10的光线是经折射 和多次反射、 全反射而聚集到集光室 30的， 它使得本太阳能聚光集 热片的体积可以做得很小。
若光线倾斜于与透光面 13、 1 相对的连接两端线间所形成的平面 射入时，光线经反射面 11、 12反射回透光面 13、 14时的入射角更大， 形成全反射， 光线成空间折线向光室集中， 因此本太阳能聚光集热片 不需要跟踪太阳变化。 另外， 结合图 2， 并经计算可知， 本发明可以 把透光面 13、 1 上接收到 70% ~ 90%的散射光聚集到集光室 30转换 成热能。
此夕卜，本发明的太阳能聚光集热片的宽度与高度之比取决于材料 的折射率，根据普通玻璃及有机玻璃的折射率经计算可知，其宽度可 以是高度的 5 ~ 8倍， 因而近似于薄片状。
很显然， 本发明的太阳能聚光集热片可组合使用， 多片太阳能聚 光集热片 100可组合成大面积阵列的太阳能光热转换装置。
尽管通过以上实施例对本发明进行了揭示，但是本发明的范围并不局 限于此，在不偏离本发明构思的条件下， 以上各构件可用所属技术领 域人员了解的相似或等同元件来替换。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种太阳能聚光集热片， 其特征在于， 它有一个透明材料制 成的横截面为 V形的奈状体（10), 该条状体由两个对称的向下倾斜 的透光面（13、 14)和两个位于透光面（13、 14)下部的两个对称的 斜面（11、 12)构成， 所述斜面（11、 12)镀为反射镜面， 在该条状 体（10)内部沿长度方向设有一个从条状体一端贯通至另一端的空腔
( 15), 空腔（15)的两端设有密封端盖（20), 空腔（15)与其两端 的端盖 （20) 围成一个内部中空的密闭的集光室 （30), 在集光室内 沿长度方向设有一根集热管 （40), 集热管 （40) 的两端设有与端盖
(20) 密封固定并将热量引出的导管 （41)。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的太阳能聚光集热片， 其特征在于， 所述 透光面（13)与斜面（11 )和透光面（14)与斜面（12)间的夹角 ct
,须满足 α, >丄 （ arcsin丄 - arcsin丄 sina2 )， 其中 n为条状体透明
I n
材料相对于空气的折射率， oc2为透光面 （13、 14)和与其相对的连 接两端线间所形成的平面间的夹角。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的太阳能聚光集热片， 其特征在于， 所述 空腔（15)边界应满足到达边界上的光线的入射角 <arcsin丄。
n
4、 如权利要求 1所述的太阳能聚光集热片， 其特征在于， 所述 集热管（40)上由高导热金属材料制成， 其外表面涂有高吸光的光热 转换材料。
5、 如权利要求 1所述的太阳能聚光集热片， 其特征在于， 所述 集热管 （40) 与集光室 （30)之间具有间隙。
6、 如权利要求 1所述的太阳能聚光集热片， 其特征在于， 所述 条状体（10) 的斜面 （11) 与斜面 （12)之间由一曲面或平面 （16) 过渡， 该曲面或平面（ 16 )镀为反射镜面； 所述透光面（ 13 )与透光 面 （14)之间由一透光的曲面或平面 （17)过渡。
7、 如权利要求 1所述的太阳能聚光集热片， 其特征在于， 所述 条状体（10) 的长度方向的两端面镀为反射镜面。
8、 如权利要求 1所述的太阳能聚光集热片， 其特征在于， 经透光面 (13、 14)进入条状体（10)的光线经折射和多次反射、 全反射聚集 到集光室 （30)。
9、 如权利要求 1所述的太阳能聚光集热片， 其特征在于， 多片 太阳能聚光集热片 （100)可组合成大面积阵列。
PCT/CN2008/001573 2008-09-04 2008-09-04 太阳能聚光集热片 WO2010025582A1 (zh)

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PCT/CN2008/001573 WO2010025582A1 (zh) 2008-09-04 2008-09-04 太阳能聚光集热片

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4471763A (en) * 1979-09-09 1984-09-18 Solar Power Laboratories, Ltd. Solar energy concentrator
US4723535A (en) * 1981-12-30 1988-02-09 Lew Hyok S Solar trap
CN2197634Y (zh) * 1994-06-13 1995-05-17 杨丕成 箱内反射长筒太阳能热水器
US5977478A (en) * 1996-12-05 1999-11-02 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Solar module
WO2004065861A1 (en) * 2003-01-22 2004-08-05 Osprey Systems Aps Device for heating a container by solar power and a method for positioning a solar collector device
CN1582378A (zh) * 2001-08-24 2005-02-16 国际太阳能顶板公司 多反射器太阳能集热器和系统
CN1288394C (zh) * 2000-06-19 2006-12-06 太阳企业国际有限责任公司 太阳能集光器
US20080142078A1 (en) * 2006-09-30 2008-06-19 Johnson Richard L Optical concentrators having one or more spot focus and related methods
CN101338946A (zh) * 2008-08-01 2009-01-07 肖立峰 太阳能聚光集热片

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4471763A (en) * 1979-09-09 1984-09-18 Solar Power Laboratories, Ltd. Solar energy concentrator
US4723535A (en) * 1981-12-30 1988-02-09 Lew Hyok S Solar trap
CN2197634Y (zh) * 1994-06-13 1995-05-17 杨丕成 箱内反射长筒太阳能热水器
US5977478A (en) * 1996-12-05 1999-11-02 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Solar module
CN1288394C (zh) * 2000-06-19 2006-12-06 太阳企业国际有限责任公司 太阳能集光器
CN1582378A (zh) * 2001-08-24 2005-02-16 国际太阳能顶板公司 多反射器太阳能集热器和系统
WO2004065861A1 (en) * 2003-01-22 2004-08-05 Osprey Systems Aps Device for heating a container by solar power and a method for positioning a solar collector device
US20080142078A1 (en) * 2006-09-30 2008-06-19 Johnson Richard L Optical concentrators having one or more spot focus and related methods
CN101338946A (zh) * 2008-08-01 2009-01-07 肖立峰 太阳能聚光集热片

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