WO2010022785A1 - Positionnement d'un terminal d'utilisateur - Google Patents

Positionnement d'un terminal d'utilisateur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010022785A1
WO2010022785A1 PCT/EP2008/061344 EP2008061344W WO2010022785A1 WO 2010022785 A1 WO2010022785 A1 WO 2010022785A1 EP 2008061344 W EP2008061344 W EP 2008061344W WO 2010022785 A1 WO2010022785 A1 WO 2010022785A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
polarization
unit
units
antenna
antenna function
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2008/061344
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Henrik Asplund
Bo Hagerman
Arne Simonsson
Original Assignee
Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) filed Critical Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ)
Priority to PCT/EP2008/061344 priority Critical patent/WO2010022785A1/fr
Publication of WO2010022785A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010022785A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
    • G01S3/02—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
    • G01S3/14—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
    • G01S3/146—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction by comparing linear polarisation components
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
    • G01S1/02—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using radio waves
    • G01S1/08—Systems for determining direction or position line

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system for determining a position of an object within a volume, the object comprising a first antenna function.
  • the system comprises at least one node for wireless communication, the node comprising a second antenna function.
  • a transmitted polarisation is detected.
  • the present invention also relates to a first unit which is arranged for transmitting signals via a corresponding antenna function, and a corresponding second unit.
  • the present invention also relates to a third unit which is arranged for receiving signals.
  • the present invention also relates to a corresponding method
  • DECCA enables passive positioning based on frequency phase difference.
  • Each pair of radio beacons creates a hyperbola, and with three beacons the intersection defines the two dimensional position.
  • Global Positioning System GPS
  • GPS enables positioning by triangulation based on time delay from synchronized satellite radio transmissions of a timing signal. Accuracy is around ⁇ 15 meters.
  • VOR short for VHF (Very High Frequency) Omni-directional Radio Range, uses the phase relationship between a reference-phase and a rotating-phase signal to encode direction.
  • the reference 30 Hz signal is frequency modulated (FM) on a 9960 Hz sub-carrier.
  • a second 30 Hz signal is derived from the electronic rotation of a directional antenna array 30 times a second.
  • the predictable accuracy of the VOR system is ⁇ 1.4°.
  • Tactical Air Navigation called TACAN. It also provides the user with a distance by the Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) system.
  • DME Distance Measuring Equipment
  • CGI + TA Cell Global Identity + Timing Advance
  • E-OTD Enhanced Observed Time Difference
  • the phone compares the time it takes for a signal to be received from each of the three base stations and uses measurement equipment called a Location Management Unit (LMU) consisting of the GSM radio, a GPS (Global Positioning System) receiver and the mobile phone and a reference time transmitted by a GPS satellite to calculate the position.
  • LMU Location Management Unit
  • the system which is commercially available in the US, has an accuracy of 50 to 250 meters.
  • GPS and DECCA require reception from 3 transmitters for two dimensional positioning, and GPS from 4 transmitters for three dimensional positioning.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an enhanced positioning of user terminals.
  • Said object is achieved by means of a system for determining a position of an object within a volume, the object comprising a first antenna function.
  • the system comprises at least one node for wireless communication, the node comprising a second antenna function.
  • a transmitted polarisation is detected, where the polarization of at least one of said antenna functions is variable within the volume.
  • the system is arranged for at least partly determining the position of the object by means of the detected polarization.
  • variable polarisation is a function of a polarization angle which starts at a first reference line and runs around the node, thus constituting a range of angular values, where the first reference line extends radially out from the node at a certain fixed point.
  • the position is in the form of an angular position which is defined between the first reference line, and a second reference line, extending radially out from the node and passing trough the object, the angular position being one of said angular values.
  • the second antenna function is arranged for presenting a varying polarization.
  • variable polarisation is a function of a polarization angle which starts at a first reference line and runs around the object, thus constituting a range of angular values.
  • the first reference line extends radially out from the object at a certain fixed point.
  • the position is in the form of an angular position which is defined between the first reference line, and a second reference line, extending radially out from the object and passing trough the node, the angular position being one of said angular values.
  • the first antenna function is arranged for presenting a varying polarization.
  • At least one of the antenna functions comprises a number of sector antennas, each sector antenna covering a corresponding sector.
  • the antenna function that presents a varying polarization uses two different frequencies, where the polarization variation is different for each one of the two frequencies, or where the antenna has a polarization variation that varies with time.
  • Said object is also achieved by means of a first unit which is arranged for transmitting signals via a corresponding antenna function.
  • the signals have a polarization that is variable within a volume, where a second unit receives the signals and detects the received polarization, which enables the position of the first and/or the second unit to, at least partly, be determined by means of the detected polarization.
  • the antenna function has a first polarization and a second polarization and is continuously variable, from the first polarization to the second polarization.
  • each antenna function with a continuously variable polarization comprises a first element with a first polarization vector and a second element with a second polarization vector, the polarization vectors presenting an angle between them, where the elements radiate essentially equal radiation patterns, the elements being separated by a distance.
  • the elements radiate unequal radiation patterns.
  • Said object is also achieved by means of a corresponding second unit.
  • Said object is also achieved by means of a third unit which is arranged for receiving signals and for handling information from the first and second units according to the following: rreceiving information regarding the manner in which the polarizations of one or more first units are varying, and/or receiving information originating from one or more second units on the detected polarizations of transmissions from one or more first units, or a combination thereof, and evaluating this information in order to determine the desired positions of the first or the second units.
  • Said object is also achieved by means of a method for determining a position of an object within a volume, the object comprising a first antenna function, where at least one node for wireless communication comprises a second antenna function. The method comprises the step of detecting a transmitted polarisation. The method further comprises the steps: using one antenna function for transmitting signals where the polarization is variable within the volume (10); and at least partly determining the position of the object (1 ) using the detected polarization.
  • Figure 1 shows a simplified view of a base station and a user terminal
  • Figure 2a shows a simplified top view of a first type of antenna arrangement which is arranged to present an angularly varying polarization
  • Figure 2b shows a simplified front view of a first type of antenna arrangement which is arranged to present an angularly varying polarization
  • Figure 3a shows a simplified top view of a second type of antenna arrangement which is arranged to present an angularly varying polarization
  • Figure 3b shows a simplified front view of a second type of antenna arrangement which is arranged to present an angularly varying polarization.
  • a user terminal 1 is present in an area 2.
  • the area 2 there is also a base station 3.
  • a certain antenna 4 at the base station covers the user terminal.
  • the user terminal 1 is equipped with means 5 for determining its position within the area 2 by measuring and evaluating the polarization of the signals received from the base station 3.
  • Said position is in the form of an angular position ⁇ which is defined between a first reference line 6 extending radially out from the base station at a certain fixed point, and a second reference line 7, extending radially out from the base station 3 and passing trough the user terminal 1.
  • the base station 3 may comprise several antennas in order to cover the area 2.
  • the angular position ⁇ is preferable used in combination with other information from other existing methods to improve the granularity and accuracy of the positioning. Different combinations are exemplified in the following embodiment examples.
  • the polarization p(* ) is measured by the user terminal 1.
  • the polarisation p is a function of a polarization angle • which starts at the first reference line 6 and runs around the base station 3, thus constituting a range of angular values.
  • the angular position ⁇ is one of those angular values.
  • the angular position ⁇ can either be compared to a gravity reference or a reference signal.
  • a reference signal can for example be broadcast by a pilot antenna with a fixed polarization.
  • the polarization information gives the transmission direction, the angular position ⁇ , which can be used together with the CGI+TA method refining the position information within a cell.
  • the polarization of neighbour cells can be measured further improving the accuracy or replacing the reference by measuring the difference in polarization.
  • the polarization information can be reported from the user terminal 1 to the network for network based positioning services such as emergency call positioning. It can also be used in the user terminal 1 for terminal services.
  • a second embodiment example for positioning is related to GPS.
  • the geographical position can not be defined with existing GPS. This can for example be the case indoor where two satellites are found through a window.
  • the position is then detected to be anywhere on a line. If the GPS signals are polarized as a function of angle, the position on this line can be defined by measuring their polarization difference.
  • the altitude can be based on only three satellites.
  • a third embodiment example for positioning is related to terrestrial radio beacons.
  • One radio beacon and polarization gives the bearing, either by comparing to a reference signal polarization or to a gravity reference.
  • two radio beacons give the position.
  • the altitude can be estimated. This can be done from a single radio beacon if combined with VOR and DME which then supports with azimuth and distance.
  • a fourth embodiment example for positioning is related to a simplified antenna embodiment.
  • the method can also improve the positioning accuracy with a simpler antenna solution.
  • the simplest is transmitting only two polarisations with 90 degrees differentiated polarizations on each half of the antenna diagram. This reduces the uncertainty of the positioning method to the half.
  • a cellular three sector site comprising a base station with three antenna functions
  • this is 60° transmitted with each polarisation.
  • the position can be measured down to half the cell and combined with the CGI+TA even more accurate.
  • Such simplified antenna solutions are also applicable to the terrestrial radio beacon positioning both on direction and elevation angle.
  • the antenna 4 in a first version of the antenna 4 as used in the present invention, it is composed of a first element 4a and a second element 4b with a corresponding first radiation pattern 8a and second radiation pattern 8b, the radiation patterns 8a, 8b being essentially similar.
  • the first element 4a radiates with a first polarization having a first polarization vector vi and the second element 4b radiates with a second polarization, having a second polarization vector V 2 , with an angle • presented between their extensions.
  • the two antenna elements 13, 14 are separated by a small distance d.
  • An incoming time-varying signal x(t) is divided into two signals xi(t), x 2 (t) to the two elements 4a, 4b, where weights w1 , w2 are added to the corresponding signals xi(t), x 2 (t).
  • the net polarization vector for transmissions in a direction ⁇ will be:
  • an antenna 4' in a second version of an antenna 4' as used in the present invention, it is composed of a first element 4a' and a second element 4b' with a corresponding first radiation pattern 8a' and second radiation pattern 8b', the radiation patterns 8a', 8b' being dissimilar.
  • the first element 4a' radiates with a first polarization having a first polarization vector vi' and the second element 4b' radiates with a second polarization, having a second polarization vector V 2 ', with an angle • presented between their extensions.
  • the elements 4a', 4b' preferably have a common phase centre, although this is not required.
  • the net polarization in any given direction will be a result of a weighted sum of the first polarization vector vi' and the second polarization vector V 2 ',
  • An incoming time-varying signal x(t) is divided into two signals xi(t), x 2 (t) to the two elements, where weights w1 , w2 are added to the corresponding signals xi(t), x 2 (t).
  • the weights w1 , w2 are the antenna gains for the elements in that particular direction.
  • the net polarization vector for transmissions in a direction ⁇ is:
  • a number of radio beacons each being equipped with antennas with varying polarization according to the above, are present in a certain area.
  • a number of units not necessarily user terminals such as cell phones etc, may be positioned by means of the method according to the invention.
  • the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but may vary freely within the scope of the appended claims.
  • the polarization variation over angle p( » ) is made time- and/or frequency-dependent.
  • the antenna described with reference to Figure 2 is suitable for this aspect of the invention. For different frequencies, this antenna will provide different polarization variations as a function of the angle • .
  • the weights w1 , w2 may also be given variations in time and/or frequency, resulting in a polarization variation over the corresponding dimension.
  • This aspect is particularly suited to the use of three or more antenna elements, whereby any ambiguities in direction can be resolved.
  • the added granularity in the polarization variations can also be used to improve the accuracy of the positioning.
  • the user terminal 1 may be equipped with an antenna 9 with varying polarization, and the base station antenna 4 detects the polarization of the user terminal 1.
  • the base station 3 is arranged for determining the position of the user terminal 1 in dependence of the detected the polarization of the user terminal 1.
  • Base stations and/or user terminals may communicate with each other, transmitting information regarding which polarizations they estimate and use. In this way it may be communicated how the polarization varies, allowing a receiver to determine the direction from a transmitter, or which polarization that is estimated, allowing the transmitter to determine the direction to the receiver.
  • the present invention is not limited to an area, but may also relate to vertical positions, hence the present invention generally relates to a volume 10 as indicated in Figure 1.
  • volume the corresponding area is also aimed at where applicable.
  • the present invention thus relates to the determining of a position of an object 1 within a volume, the object 1 comprising a first antenna function 9, the system comprising at least one node 3 for wireless communication, the node 3 comprising a second antenna function 4.
  • wireless communication relates to any kind of transmission and/or reception.
  • a node for wireless communication may be any type of suitable node, for example a radio beacon, a satellite or a base station.
  • An object in this case for example refers to a vehicle, a vessel, an aeroplane or a user terminal such as a laptop or a cell phone.
  • the present invention is not limited to geographical positioning, but also applies to relative positioning between two moving objects, such as two aeroplanes.
  • the present invention may be regarded to relate to first unit which is arranged for transmitting signals via a corresponding antenna function 4, 9.
  • the signals have a polarization that is variable within the volume 10, where a second unit receives the signals and detects the received polarization, which enables the position of the first unit and/or the second unit to, at least partly, be determined by means of the detected polarization.
  • the second unit is arranged for receiving signals via a corresponding antenna function, where the signals have a polarization that is variable within the volume 10.
  • the second unit is arranged to detect the received polarization, enabling that the position of the first unit and/or the second unit at least partly is determined by means of the detected polarization.
  • a third unit may be arranged for handling information from said first and second units according to the following: receiving information regarding the manner in which the polarizations of one or more first units are varying, and/or receiving information originating from one or more second units on the detected polarizations of transmissions from one or more first units, or a combination thereof, and evaluating this information in order to determine the desired positions of the first or the second units.
  • the first unit may be arranged to communicate, via wire or wireless, information regarding the manner in which the polarization of the first unit is varying, to either the second unit or to the third unit.
  • the second unit may be arranged to communicate, via wire or wireless, information regarding the detected polarization of signals received from the first unit to either the first unit or to the third unit.
  • the first unit may be a base station, and the second unit may be a user terminal, or vice versa.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système pour déterminer une position d'un objet (1) à l'intérieur d'un volume (10), l'objet (1) comprenant une première fonction d'antenne (9). Le système comprend au moins un nœud (3) pour la communication sans fil, le nœud (3) comprenant une seconde fonction d'antenne (4). Dans ledit système une polarisation transmise est détectée. La polarisation d'au moins une desdites fonctions d'antenne (4, 9) est variable à l'intérieur du volume (10), et le système est agencé pour déterminer au moins partiellement la position de l'objet (1) au moyen de la polarisation détectée. La présente invention concerne également des unités contenues dans le système et un procédé correspondant.
PCT/EP2008/061344 2008-08-28 2008-08-28 Positionnement d'un terminal d'utilisateur WO2010022785A1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2008/061344 WO2010022785A1 (fr) 2008-08-28 2008-08-28 Positionnement d'un terminal d'utilisateur

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2008/061344 WO2010022785A1 (fr) 2008-08-28 2008-08-28 Positionnement d'un terminal d'utilisateur

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8447330B2 (en) 2009-10-30 2013-05-21 Tata Consultancy Services Ltd. System for wireless location estimation using radio transceivers with polarization diversity
WO2016026431A1 (fr) 2014-08-18 2016-02-25 Media Tek Inc. Format d'antenne de radiogoniométrie
US10187124B2 (en) 2015-10-01 2019-01-22 Mediatek Inc Beam-change indication for channel estimation enhancement
US10200228B2 (en) 2015-12-17 2019-02-05 Mediatek Inc. Interleaver design for dual sub-carrier modulation in WLAN
US10211948B2 (en) 2015-10-12 2019-02-19 Mediatek Inc. LDPC tone mapping schemes for dual-sub-carrier modulation in WLAN
US10225122B2 (en) 2016-02-04 2019-03-05 Mediatek Inc. Low PAPR dual sub-carrier modulation scheme for BPSK in WLAN
US10264580B2 (en) 2015-09-07 2019-04-16 Mediatek Inc. HE SIG B common field formats and indication
WO2020012575A1 (fr) * 2018-07-11 2020-01-16 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif d'estimation de position
US10594462B2 (en) 2015-09-28 2020-03-17 Mediatek Inc. Structured resource allocation signaling
US10686641B2 (en) 2015-11-05 2020-06-16 Mediatek Inc. Signaling and feedback schemes of time-vary channels in high-efficiency WLAN
US11019559B2 (en) 2015-12-09 2021-05-25 Mediatek Inc. VHT operation information subfield design in WLAN

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8447330B2 (en) 2009-10-30 2013-05-21 Tata Consultancy Services Ltd. System for wireless location estimation using radio transceivers with polarization diversity
WO2016026431A1 (fr) 2014-08-18 2016-02-25 Media Tek Inc. Format d'antenne de radiogoniométrie
EP3167303A4 (fr) * 2014-08-18 2018-03-21 MediaTek Inc. Format d'antenne de radiogoniométrie
US10371783B2 (en) 2014-08-18 2019-08-06 Mediatek Inc. Direction finding antenna format
US11119181B2 (en) 2014-08-18 2021-09-14 Mediatek Inc. Direction finding antenna format
US10264580B2 (en) 2015-09-07 2019-04-16 Mediatek Inc. HE SIG B common field formats and indication
US10594462B2 (en) 2015-09-28 2020-03-17 Mediatek Inc. Structured resource allocation signaling
US10187124B2 (en) 2015-10-01 2019-01-22 Mediatek Inc Beam-change indication for channel estimation enhancement
US10211948B2 (en) 2015-10-12 2019-02-19 Mediatek Inc. LDPC tone mapping schemes for dual-sub-carrier modulation in WLAN
US10686641B2 (en) 2015-11-05 2020-06-16 Mediatek Inc. Signaling and feedback schemes of time-vary channels in high-efficiency WLAN
US11019559B2 (en) 2015-12-09 2021-05-25 Mediatek Inc. VHT operation information subfield design in WLAN
US10200228B2 (en) 2015-12-17 2019-02-05 Mediatek Inc. Interleaver design for dual sub-carrier modulation in WLAN
US10225122B2 (en) 2016-02-04 2019-03-05 Mediatek Inc. Low PAPR dual sub-carrier modulation scheme for BPSK in WLAN
WO2020012575A1 (fr) * 2018-07-11 2020-01-16 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif d'estimation de position

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