WO2010017685A1 - 一种呼吸辅助系统 - Google Patents

一种呼吸辅助系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010017685A1
WO2010017685A1 PCT/CN2009/000869 CN2009000869W WO2010017685A1 WO 2010017685 A1 WO2010017685 A1 WO 2010017685A1 CN 2009000869 W CN2009000869 W CN 2009000869W WO 2010017685 A1 WO2010017685 A1 WO 2010017685A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
outer sheath
pipe
inner tube
opening
assistance system
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2009/000869
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘春江
刘文畅
刘雯佳
王�锋
Original Assignee
Liu Chunjiang
Liu Wenchang
Liu Wenjia
Wang Feng
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Liu Chunjiang, Liu Wenchang, Liu Wenjia, Wang Feng filed Critical Liu Chunjiang
Publication of WO2010017685A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010017685A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0488—Mouthpieces; Means for guiding, securing or introducing the tubes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0402—Special features for tracheal tubes not otherwise provided for
    • A61M16/0409—Special features for tracheal tubes not otherwise provided for with mean for closing the oesophagus

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to mechanical, materials science, and medical medical technologies, and in particular to a respiratory assistance system.
  • a specially trained professional medical staff member can successfully intubate the patient into the trachea in order to rescue the patient.
  • the number of professional and technical personnel is too small, and the distribution is relatively concentrated, so that the actions of the rescued drowners are often not implemented; at the same time, the technical operation of the existing rescue is complicated, and the success rate is low.
  • the commonly used respirator is to insert the tracheal intubation into the trachea through the glottis, block the central side of the trachea with a gas sputum, and connect the artificial respirator outside the body for artificial respiration.
  • Its disadvantages are: 1) When there is a large amount of water and secretions in the trachea and bronchi, it can not be properly ventilated to cause hypoxia in the body; 2) The tracheal intubation needs to be assisted by the laryngoscope and bronchoscope. Staff can be implemented.
  • BIPAP, etc. need to close the breathing mask on the facial belt for pressurized breathing.
  • the breathing assistance system inserts a thin catheter into the trachea and bronchi under the guidance of the endotracheal intubation aid.
  • the trachea, the bronchus, the water, the secretions, and the carbon dioxide in the lungs are discharged through the suction portion of the thin catheter to keep the airway unobstructed, and the oxygen is directly sent to the trachea and the bronchus for artificial respiration.
  • the present invention provides a breathing assistance system, characterized in that: the breathing assistance system includes an intubation assisting device And breathing aids are two parts.
  • the breathing assisting device is specifically an outer sheath 1 with two ends open, and a hollow pipeline between the two open ends; wherein: the small end of the outer sheath 1 is open to the outside and the tube wall is relatively uniform and has certain toughness.
  • the empty tube, the foremost end of the outer end of the outer sheath 1 is a closed esophageal top cap 101, the end of the esophageal top cap 101 has a substantially conical shape, and the end with a small cross-sectional area is at the proximal end of the large end;
  • the specific structure of the cap 101 can be one of the following two conditions: external closure without opening, in order to better seal the esophagus to prevent reflux of the esophagus and stomach contents or intragastric infusion; there is an opening, the opening has independent communication
  • the tubing is directly connected to the small end of the outer sheath 1. With this opening, we can attract the esophagus and the contents or connect the separate substance delivery line, or it can be turned off.
  • the overall effect is the same as the aforementioned esophagus cap. 101
  • the external closing technique has the same effect; there is another pipe opening connecting the small end pipe opening at a distance of 3 to 200 m from the large end of the outer sheath 1.
  • the hollow tube tube in the outer sheath 1 is 1 to 10 relatively independent pipelines;
  • the operation of sucking water and other retentate from the hollow hollow tube into the trachea or/and the bronchus is either an operation such as intake or exhaust; or arranging a line connecting the illumination device 6 or the image acquisition device 4; It is directly used as an inflation gas cylinder inflation line, or a charging/discharging line connecting the inflation gas chamber and the device for supplying/discharging the inflatable gas cylinder 201 is disposed inside.
  • the endotracheal intubation auxiliary device is characterized in that: the outer sheath 1 has a pipe opening position adjusting device 2 near the open end pipe opening near the large end end; specifically, the outer sheath 1 is disposed near the large end end
  • the outer sheath 1 in the endotracheal intubation device is further provided with one or a combination of the following components: an image collecting device is disposed near the open end pipe opening near the large end
  • the image acquisition device 4 is a combination of the following components: a camera, an image transmission line connected to the camera, an image processing and display device connected to the camera through the image transmission line; and an open end of the outer sheath 1 near the large end
  • An illumination device 6 is disposed near the opening of the pipeline for illumination for image acquisition for observation and operation.
  • the total length of the tracheal intubation auxiliary device may be 10 cm to 65 cm, and the hollow tube having two openings inside the outer sheath 1 has a cross-sectional diameter of l ⁇ 60 mm.
  • the breathing assistance system further includes a breathing assistance device.
  • the insertion end 501 of the inner tube 5 is also provided with a hole on the wall of the tube which is open near the end.
  • the inner tube 5 has 1 to 10 relatively independent pipes inside; preferably 2 relatively independent One of the pipes is an air supply pipe, and the other is a drain pipe; each of the holes provided in the pipe end of the inner pipe 5 near the end port communicates with a pipe inside the inner pipe 5. Road; each hole preferably only communicates with one of the pipes inside the inner pipe 5; 'to facilitate drainage and air supply separation to ensure better technical effect.
  • the hole of the gas supply pipe 5 communicating with the gas supply pipe and the hole communicating with the drainage exhaust pipe are alternately arranged at a length of 0 to 50 cm at the end of the insertion end 501 of the inner pipe 5; the hole at the end of the insertion end 501 of the inner pipe 5 It can be simplified into two: only the end of the insertion end 501 of the inner tube 5 is arranged, and it can also be changed to a plurality of uniform or arranged according to a certain rule.
  • the breathing assistance device in the breathing assistance system further has one or a combination of the following features: the insertion end 501 of the inner tube 5 communicates with the outside through the hole in the tube wall; the surface of the insertion end 501 of the inner tube 5 is provided with 1 to 90
  • An airway pressure sensor is used to measure the tracheal bronchial pressure, regulate the flow of the gas, adjust the drainage and exhaust flow to control the tracheobronchial pressure, and prevent damage to the trachea, bronchi and lungs.
  • One of the two relatively independent pipes in the inner tube 5 of the breathing assistance system is a gas supply line, the gas supply pressure is 1 ⁇ 1000cmH 2 O; the other line is a drainage exhaust pipe.
  • the breathing assistance system also has a gas supply pipe connecting the inner pipe 5 and/or a breathing control device for draining the exhaust pipe for controlling the inlet/exit, the water absorption action and the process parameters; or the connecting inner pipe
  • the drain and exhaust pipe can also be connected to a pumping device or device that operates manually or automatically.
  • the end of the insertion end 501 of the inner tube 5 can be closed to damage the lungs due to excessive pressure in the distal airway when the insertion end 501 is supplied with air.
  • a pressure sensor can be placed on the surface of the inner tube 5 to be inserted into the end 501, and the endotracheal tube pressure can be measured to better ensure that the lungs of the person are not injured.
  • One of the two relatively independent pipes in the inner tube 5 in the breathing assistance system is a gas supply line, the gas supply pressure is l-1000 cm O; the other line is a drainage exhaust pipe.
  • the breathing assistance system also has a breathing control device for connecting the inner tube 5 for controlling the intake/exhaust, the water absorption action and the process parameters, such as the intake/exhaust mode, the frequency, the supply air pressure, the water absorption flow rate, The frequency of water absorption, etc.; or there is a pressurized breathing air supply connecting the air supply pipe of the inner pipe 5 and/or the drain exhaust pipe.
  • the drain and exhaust pipe can also be connected to a pumping device or device that operates manually or automatically.
  • the specific alignment condition is observed by the image pickup device 4, and the inner tube opening near the large end of the outer sheath 1 is specifically finely adjusted by the inflatable gas cylinder 201 disposed near the inner tube opening near the large end of the outer sheath 1. , so that it can better align with the tracheal opening.
  • the inner tube 5 from the inner tube of the outer sheath 1 up to the throat of the person, in particular, the end of the insertion end 501 of the inner tube 5 can be inserted into the trachea or even the inside of the bronchus.
  • Artificial respiration is performed by supplying oxygen directly to the trachea or even the bronchus, discharging carbon dioxide, and water that enters the trachea and bronchi.
  • the oxygen delivery of the inner tube 5, the exhaust gas discharge, the elimination of water, secretions, and the intratracheal bronchial pressure or the like can be controlled by the respiratory control device in the external respiratory assist system according to appropriate control laws. It can also be manually controlled with pressurized breathing apparatus and pumping equipment that operates manually or automatically.
  • the specific conditions of the throat can be better understood with the help of the following components, and the operator can be made to make the best judgment, so as to better adjust and other various operations. They may specifically be one or a combination of the following: an illumination device 6 and an image acquisition device 4 disposed at the large end of the outer sheath 1 and an airway pressure sensor disposed on the surface of the insertion end 501.
  • the use of a dedicated outer sheath 1 to block the esophagus of a person and to facilitate the operation of the airway for a person provides various possibilities, such as an endotracheal intubation, by which the inner tube 5 can be inserted Carry out operations such as water absorption and oxygen supply to save the drowning person.
  • the invention is convenient to operate, can remove the water and secretions in the trachea, the bronchus, the lungs to ensure the airway is unobstructed, and can perform the passive 4 von assist breathing operation in vitro.
  • the invention can be arranged in beaches, swimming pools and various other public places. It can also be set up in medical institutions such as ambulances and hospitals.
  • the design of the inner tube 5 has an original active gas transmission design, and a special arrangement of internal pipes and holes is also provided for the convenience of gas and water absorption operations.
  • the inner tube 5 can be conveniently inserted into the human trachea or bronchi under the guidance of the tracheal intubation assisting device and can be conveniently carried out. Continued water absorption, intake / exhaust and other operations.
  • the present invention creatively provides a special device for drowning personnel that requires a significant reduction in operational requirements relative to the prior art, which can be used to rescue drowning or other need to supply oxygen or/and exhaust gas or/and to perform water or clearing of the trachea or bronchi. Other patients with retentate.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of the human throat airway being connected to the respiratory assist system of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the outer sheath of the respiratory assist system Schematic diagram of the structural principle of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the inner tube 5 in the respiratory assist system.
  • Embodiment 1 A respiratory assist system, specifically referring to FIGS.
  • the tracheal intubation auxiliary device is specifically an outer sheath 1 with open ends, and two open ends
  • the hollow tube is hollow; wherein: the small end of the outer sheath 1 is a hollow tube which is open to the outside and has a relatively uniform wall and a certain toughness, and the foremost end of the outer end of the outer sheath 1 is a closed esophageal cap without opening 101, the end of the esophageal top cap 101 has a basic contour and a smaller cross-sectional area. At the proximal end of the big end.
  • the end of the esophageal cap 101 is specifically closed to facilitate closure of the esophagus from communication with the trachea or the outside.
  • the hollow tube tube in the outer sheath 1 is two through tubes, wherein one hollow tube has a relatively large cross-sectional area, and can be inserted relatively in the middle
  • the thin hollow tube is used to perform water absorption and other retentate operations in the tracheobronchial or to supply air or exhaust; or to perform endotracheal intubation.
  • Another hollow tube having a relatively small cross-sectional area may be arranged in a connection line connecting the illumination device 6 and the image acquisition device 4; of course, it may be directly used as an inflation gas cylinder 201 inflation line or the like, or may be arranged inside the hollow gas tube 201.
  • the outer sheath 1 has a pipe opening position adjusting device 2 near the open end pipe opening near the large end; specifically, is disposed near the open end of the outer sheath 1 near the large end
  • the outer sheath 1 in the endotracheal intubation device is further provided with one or a combination of the following components: an image collecting device 4 is disposed near the open end pipe opening near the large end; the image is The collecting device 4 is a combination of the following components: a camera, an image transmission line connecting the cameras, an image processing and display device connected to the camera through the image transmission line; and the outer sheath 1 is disposed near the opening end of the opening end near the large end There is a lighting device 6 for illumination to facilitate image acquisition for observation and operation.
  • the total length of the endotracheal intubation device is about 45 cm, and the outer diameter of the hollow tube inside the outer sheath 1 is 30 mm.
  • the breathing assistance system also includes an inner tube 5 that has a certain toughness for smooth insertion into the human trachea or into the bronchus. It is inserted from the small end of the opening of the outer sheath 1 and protrudes from the opening near the large end of the outer sheath 1 into the tracheobronchial; the inner tube 5 has two relatively independent tubes inside: one of which is for The trachea, the other is a drain exhaust pipe; the insertion end 501 of the inner tube 5 is further provided with a hole on the wall of the pipe near the end opening.
  • the insertion end 501 of the inner tube 5 is adjacent to each of the holes provided in the wall of the end opening to communicate with a certain inner pipe of the inner tube 5: a gas supply pipe or a drainage exhaust pipe; each hole only communicates with the inner pipe 5 One of the pipelines; in order to separate the drainage and air supply, to ensure better technical results.
  • the hole communicating with the air supply pipe and the hole communicating with the drain exhaust pipe are alternately arranged at the end of the insertion end 501 of the inner tube 5, and the length of the end of the insertion end 501 of the inner tube 5 can be simplified to two. : Only the end of the insertion end 501 of the inner tube 5 is arranged, or it may be a plurality of uniform or arranged according to a certain rule.
  • the end of the insertion end 501 of the inner tube 5 is closed to damage the lungs due to excessive pressure in the distal airway when the insertion end 501 is supplied with air.
  • a pressure sensor is disposed on the surface of the insertion end 501 of the inner tube 5, and the endotracheal pressure is measured to facilitate better protection against injury to the human lung.
  • One of the two relatively independent pipelines in the inner tube 5 of the breathing assistance system is a gas supply pipeline, and the gas supply pressure is adjustable within a range of l-1000 cm 3 ⁇ 4 O; the other pipeline is a drainage exhaust pipe, a drainage row
  • the pumping device is externally connected to a pumping device or device that operates in a manual or automatic mode of operation; the breathing assistance system also has a breathing control that connects the inner tube 5 for controlling the intake/exhaust, water absorption, and process parameters.
  • Devices such as the way of intake/exhaust, frequency, air supply pressure, water absorption flow rate, water absorption frequency, etc.
  • the specific alignment condition is observed by the image pickup device 4, and the inner tube opening near the large end of the outer sheath 1 is specifically finely adjusted by the inflatable gas cylinder 201 disposed near the inner tube opening near the large end of the outer sheath 1. , so that it can better align with the tracheal opening.
  • the oxygen supply, the exhaust gas discharge, the elimination of water, secretions, and the intratracheal bronchial pressure or the like of the inner tube 5 can be controlled by the respiratory control device in the external respiratory assist system according to an appropriate control law.
  • the specific conditions of the throat can be better understood with the help of the following components, and the operator can be made to make the best judgment, so as to better adjust and other various operations.
  • they may be one of the following or a combination thereof: the illumination device 6 and the image acquisition device disposed at the large end of the outer sheath 1 4.
  • An airway pressure sensor disposed on the surface of the insertion end 501 of the inner tube 5.
  • Embodiment 2 The content of this embodiment is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, and the main difference is that:
  • the hollow tube pipeline in the outer sheath 1 is 10 relatively independent pipelines
  • the inflatable gas cylinder 201 has eight specific openings for finely adjusting the opening position of the outer end of the outer sheath 1 near the large end end;
  • the inner tube 5 has 10 relatively independent pipes inside: 4 of which are air supply pipes, and the other 6 are drainage exhaust pipes; the insertion end 501 of the inner pipe 5 is disposed near the end of the pipe wall Each hole communicates with a certain pipe inside the inner pipe 5; each hole only communicates with one of the pipes inside the inner pipe 5; so that the drainage gas supply is separated to ensure better technical effect.
  • a hole communicating with the air supply pipe and a hole communicating with the drain exhaust pipe are alternately arranged on a section of the end of the insertion end 501 of the inner tube 5 having a length of 30 cm; 5) the total length of the endotracheal intubation auxiliary device may be 65 cm.
  • the outer sheath 1 has two hollow openings inside the opening, and the outer diameter of the hollow pipe is 60 mm;
  • the outer part of the esophageal cap 101 may have an opening in the direction of the esophagus, and the opening has an independent connecting line directly Connected to the small end of the outer sheath 1, with this opening we can connect the device such as a single source, or it can be turned off, the overall effect and the above-mentioned external esophageal cap 101
  • the closed technology has the same effect.
  • Embodiment 3 The content of this embodiment is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, and the main difference is that:
  • the inflatable gas cylinder 201 has one specific one, which is specifically arranged on the outer sheath 1 between the pipeline opening position near the large end end and the esophageal top cap 101, for finely adjusting the pipeline on the outer sheath 1 near the large end end. Opening position; 4)
  • the inner tube 5 has a pipeline inside: it is used as a gas supply pipe and also as a drainage exhaust pipe, and the operation of gas transmission or water delivery is alternate intermittent operation; the insertion end 501 of the inner tube 5 a hole is arranged on the wall of the end opening; the holes are staggered on a section of the end of the insertion end 501 of the inner tube 5 having a length of 10 cm;
  • Embodiment 4 The content of this embodiment is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, and the main differences are as follows:
  • the outer sheath 1 has no illumination device near the opening of the large end end 6 and the image acquisition device 4;
  • Embodiment 5 The content of this embodiment is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, and the main difference is that:
  • the inner tube 5 is not provided with a pressure sensor on the surface of the insertion end 501;
  • the air supply pipe of the inner pipe 5 is connected to the pressurized breathing gas, and the air is pressurized by hand;
  • the drain pipe of the inner pipe 5 is connected with an automatic working suction device or equipment.
  • Industrial Applicability The respiratory assist system of the present invention can be applied to civilian fields such as medical treatment, and can remove air and secretions in the trachea, bronchus, and lungs to ensure airway patency, and can perform passive assisted breathing operations in vitro.

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Description

一种呼吸辅助系统
技术领域 本发明涉及机械、 材料科学与医学医疗技术， 特別提供了一种呼吸辅 助系统。 背景技术 现有技术中， 在对气管或支气管积水的溺水者进行抢救的过程中， 需 要经过特别培训的专业医护人员才可以成功的向病人的气管内插管，以便 对患者进行抢救。 但是专业技术人员太少， 且分布相对集中， 使得救助溺 水者的行动往往不能实施； 同时其存在的技术操作复杂， 且成功率低等突 出问题。 目前常用的呼吸器是把气管插管通过声门插入到气管内，用气嚢堵塞 气管中央一侧， 在体外连接人工呼吸器， 进行人工呼吸。 它的缺点是： 1 ) 当气管、 支气管内有大量的水及分泌物时不能正常换气造成体内缺氧； 2 ) 气管插管需在喉头镜，支气管镜的辅助下，需有经验的专业人员才能实施。 除此之外， 还有 BIPAP 等， 需在面部带上封闭呼吸面罩进行加压呼吸。 它的缺点是当口腔、 鼻腔、 咽喉、 气管、 支气管内有大量的水及分泌物时 不能正常换气造成体内缺氧。 急救时口对口的人工呼吸效果更不好。 该呼吸辅助系统是在气管插管辅助装置的引导下将细导管插入气管、 支气管内。 通过细导管的吸引部分把气管、 支气管、 肺内的水、 分泌物、 二氧化碳排出， 保持气道通畅， 通过送氧气部分把氧气直接送到气管、 支 气管内进行人工呼吸。 因此， 人们渴望获得一种操作更为简单和便利的呼吸辅助系统， 以便 于在实际应用中更好地解决现有的技术难题。 发明内容 本发明的目的是提供一种可以应用于医用领域或者民用领域的呼吸 辅助系统， 本发明提供了一种呼吸辅助系统， 其特征在于： 所述呼吸辅助系统中 包含有气管插管辅助装置和呼吸辅助装置两部分。其呼吸辅助装置具体为 两端开口的外护套 1， 两开口端之间为中空的管路； 其中： 外护套 1的小 头端为对外开口且管壁较为均匀且有一定韧性的中空管，外护套 1大头端 的最前端为封闭无开口的食道顶帽 101， 食道顶帽 101的端部基本轮廓为 锥形， 横截面积较小的一端在大头端的近端部； 食道顶帽 101 的具体结构可以是以下两种情况之一： 外部封闭无开 口， 以便于对食道实行较好的密封防止食道和胃内容物逆流或胃内灌气； 有开口， 此开口有独立的连通管路直接连接到外护套 1的小头端， 利用此 开口我们可以吸引食道和冒内容物或连接独立的物质输送管路，也可以将 其关闭不用， 总体效果与前述的将食道顶帽 101 外部封闭的技术效果相 同； 在距离外护套 1 的大头端端部 3 ~ 200m m处有连通其小头端管路开 口的另一个管路开口。 本发明所述呼吸辅助系统中的气管插管辅助装置中，所述外护套 1内 的中空管管路为 1 ~ 10 条相对独立各自贯通的管路； 可以通过它插入较 细的中空管到气管或 /和支气管内进行吸除水及其他滞留物的操作或者 是进气或排气等操作；或者布置连接照明装置 6或者图像采集装置 4等的 线路； 当然还可以直接将其作为充气气嚢充气管路， 或在其内部布置连接 充气气嚢和对可充气气嚢 201进行供 /排气操作的装置的充 /放气管路。 所述气管插管辅助装置， 其特征在于： 所述外护套 1上靠近大头端的 开口端管路开口附近有管路开口位置调整装置 2; 具体为布置在所述外护 套 1靠近大头端的开口端附近的可充气气嚢 201 ; 所述可充气气嚢 201具 体有 1 ~ 8个，可充气气嚢 201中的部分或全部有连接到外护套 1小头端 附近的充 /放气管路。 在所述气管插管辅助装置中的所述外护套 1 上还设置有以下零部件 之一或其组合：在靠近大头端的开口端管路开口附近设置有图像采集装置
4; 所述图像采集装置 4为以下部件的组合： 摄像头、 连接摄像头的图像 传输线路、 通过图像传输线路与摄像头相连接的图像处理与显示装置； 所 述外护套 1上靠近大头端的开口端管路开口附近设置有照明装置 6， 用于 照明以便于进行图像采集进行观察， 操作。 所述气管插管辅助装置的总长度可以为 10 cm ~ 65cm， 所述外护套 1 内部有两个开口内部贯通的中空管路横截面直径为 l ~ 60mm。 本发明的另一个重要的创造性体现是：所述呼吸辅助系统中还包含有 呼吸辅助装置。其具体为通过外护套 1开口的小头端插入并从外护套 1大 头端附近的开口伸出到气管或 /和支气管内的内管 5。 内管 5的插入端 501靠近端部开口的管壁上还设置有孔。 所述内管 5内部有 1 ~ 10个相对独立的管路；优选为 2个相对独立的 管路； 其中之一为供气管， 另一为排水排气管； 内管 5的插入端 501靠近端部幵口的管壁上所设置的每一个孔连通着 内管 5内部的某一条管路；每个孔优选只连通内管 5内部的其中一条管路;' 以便于排水和供气分开保证技术效果更佳。供气管内管 5连通着供气管的 孔和连通着排水排气管的孔交错布置在内管 5插入端 501端部长度为 0 ~ 50cm的一段； 内管 5的插入端 501端部的孔可以简化为两个： 只布置在 内管 5的插入端 501端部， 也可以变为多个均匀或按照某种规律布置。 所述呼吸辅助系统中的呼吸辅助装置还具有以下特征之一或其组合： 内管 5的插入端 501通过管壁上的孔连通其外部； 内管 5的插入端 501表面设置有 1 ~ 90个气道压力传感器，以便于测 量气管支气管内压， 调节输气流量， 调节排水排气流量来控制气管支气管 内压， 防止气管， 支气管和肺脏的损伤。 所述呼吸辅助系统中的内管 5 内两条相对独立的管路其中之一为供 气管路， 供气气压为 1 ~ 1000cmH2O; 另一管路为排水排气管。 ； 所述呼吸辅助系统中还有连接内管 5 的供气管和 /或排水排气管的 呼吸控制装置， 用于对进 /排气、 吸水的动作和过程参数进行控制； 或有 连接内管 5的供气管和 /或排水排气管的加压呼吸气嚢。排水排气管也可 连接有手动或自动工作方式工作的抽水用器具或设备。 内管 5的插入端 501端部可以封闭以便当插入端 501供气时由于末梢 气道内压过高损伤肺脏。 内管 5插入端 501表面可以设置压力传感器， 测 定气管支气管内压以便于更好的保证避免伤害人的肺脏。 所述呼吸辅助系统中的内管 5 内两条相对独立的管路其中之一为供 气管路， 供气气压为 l-1000cm O; 另一管路为排水排气管。 所述呼吸辅 助系统中还有连接内管 5用于对进 /排气、吸水的动作和过程参数进行控 制的呼吸控制装置， 例如进 /排气的方式、 频率、 供气气压， 吸水流量、 吸水频率等等；或有连接内管 5的供气管和 /或排水排气管的加压呼吸气 嚢。 排水排气管也可连接有手动或自动工作方式工作的抽水用器具或设 备。 我们在实际使用中，首先将外护套 1塞入人的喉部以便于使用外护套 1大头端的食道顶帽 101顶住食道开口并使之封闭防止食道内进气进水、 防止胃内容物流入到气管内。在将外护套 1塞入人的喉部时需注意外护套 1的方向，要保证外护套 1大头端附近的内部管路开口基本对准气管开口， 然后我们在照明装置 6帮助下利用图像采集装置 4观察具体的对准情况， 同时利用布置在外护套 1 大头端附近的内部管路开口附近的可充气气嚢 201来具体精细调节外护套 1大头端附近的内部管路开口， 使其能更好的 对准气管开口。 之后， 我们将内管 5从外护套 1的内部管路中插入直到人的喉部， 具 体可以使内管 5的插入端 501端部插入伸到气管甚至支气管内部。 在气管甚至支气管内部直接供氧气、排出二氧化碳及误入到气管和支 气管内的水等， 进行人工呼吸。 然后我们利用内管 5 内部的排水排气管路吸出滞留在人的支气管或 气管处的水或其他滞留物， 排出废气， 通过供气管向肺内主动输入含氧气 体防止肺泡虚脱； 吸水和输 /排气的过程根据实际情况可以交替进行也可 以同时进行， 可以进行平坦式或者脉冲式的工作方式； 也可以执行单一的 针对供气管路或者针对排水排气管路的某一种具体操作或者采取其他的 具体操作形式； 直到被抢救的溺水者气管和支气管处的积水排出病人神志 基本恢复， 且能主动呼吸为止。 内管 5的氧气送入、 废气排出， 水、 分泌 物的排除，以及气管支气管内压等动作或参数都可以由体外的呼吸辅助系 统中的呼吸控制装置按照适当的控制规律进行相应的控制，也可以用加压 呼吸气嚢和手动或自动工作方式工作的抽水用器具进行人工控制。在使用 本发明所述呼吸辅助系统时可以在以下零部件的帮助下更好的了解喉部 的具体情况， 辅助操作人员作出最佳判断， 以便于更好的进行相应的调整 和其他各种操作， 它们具体可以是以下之一或其组合： 布置在外护套 1大 端部的照明装置 6和图像采集装置 4、 布置在插入端 501表面的气道压力 传感器。 本发明的优点：利用专用的外护套 1阻塞人的食道并为针对人的气道 进行的操作提供了便利性和各种可能性， 例如可以进行气管插管、 可以借 此插入内管 5进行吸水、 供氧等操作以便于抢救溺水者。 本发明便于操作， 可以清除气管、 支气管、 肺内的水及分泌物确保气 道通畅， 并可以进行体外的被动的 4翁助呼吸操作。 本发明可以设置在海滩、 游泳池及其他各种公共场所。 也可以设置在 救护车， 医院等医疗机关。 本发明中， 内管 5的设计具有独创性的主动输气设计， 同时为了便于 输气和吸水操作还有内部管路和孔的特殊布置。 内管 5可以在气管插管辅 助装置的引导下很方便的插入人的气管或支气管内并可以方便的进行后 续的吸水、 进 /排气等操作。 本发明创造性地为溺水者提供了一种操作要 求相对现有技术明显降低的专用设备，其可以用于抢救溺水者或其它需要 供应氧气或 /和排出废气或 /和进行气管或支气管吸水或清除其他滞留 物的患者。 本发明可以用于公共场所的急救以及临床应用， 其具有可预见 的巨大的经济价值和社会价值。 附图概述 下面结合附图及实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明： 图 1为人体喉部气管接入本发明所述呼吸辅助系统时的原理示意图； 图 2为呼吸辅助系统中的外护套 1的结构原理示意图； 图 3为呼吸辅助系统中的内管 5的结构原理示意图。 本发明的最佳实施方式 各个附图中数字标号含义说明： 外护套 1、 食道顶帽 101 ; 管路开口 位置调整装置 2、 可充气气嚢 201 ; 图像采集装置 4; 内管 5、 插入端 501 ; 照明装置 6。 实施例 1 一种呼吸辅助系统， 具体参见附图 1 ~ 3， 其包含有气管插管辅助装 置和呼吸辅助装置， 气管插管辅助装置具体为两端开口的外护套 1， 两开 口端之间为中空的管路； 其中： 外护套 1的小头端为对外开口且管壁较为 均匀且有一定韧性的中空管，外护套 1大头端的最前端为封闭无开口的食 道顶帽 101， 食道顶帽 101的端部基本轮廓为锥形， 横截面积较小的一端 在大头端的近端部。食道顶帽 101的端部具体为封闭结构以便于封闭食道 防止其与气管或外界连通。 在距离外护套 1的大头端端部约 6 cm处有连 通其小头端管路开口的另一个管路开口。 所述气管插管辅助装置中，所述外护套 1 内的中空管管路为 2条贯通 的管路， 其中一条中空管路的横截面面积相对较大， 可以在其中插入相对 较细的中空管到气管支气管内进行吸水及其他滞留物的操作或者是供气 或排气等操作； 或进行气管插管。 另一根横截面面积相对较小的中空管内可以布置连接照明装置 6、 图 像采集装置 4的连接线路； 当然还可以直接将其作为充气气嚢 201充气管 路等使用，或在其内部布置连接充气气嚢 201和对可充气气嚢 201进行供 /排气操作的装置的充 /放气管路。 所述气管插管辅助装置中，所述外护套 1上靠近大头端的开口端管路 开口附近有管路开口位置调整装置 2; 具体为布置在所述外护套 1靠近大 头端的开口端附近的可充气气嚢 201 ; 所述可充气气嚢 201具体有 4个， 可充气气嚢 201全部连接到外护套 1小头端附近的充 /放气管路以便于可 以利用其调整外护套 1上靠近大头端的开口端管路开口的具体位置。 在所述气管插管辅助装置中的所述外护套 1 上还设置有以下零部件 之一或其组合：在靠近大头端的开口端管路开口附近设置有图像采集装置 4; 所述图像釆集装置 4为以下部件的组合： 摄像头、 连接摄像头的图像 传输线路、 通过图像传输线路与摄像头相连接的图像处理与显示装置； 所 述外护套 1上靠近大头端的开口端管路开口附近设置有照明装置 6 , 用于 照明以便于进行图像采集进行观察， 操作。 所述气管插管辅助装置的总长度约为 45cm， 所述外护套 1 内部中空 管路的横截面外直径为 30mm。 所述呼吸辅助系统中还包含有内管 5， 其具有一定韧性以便于顺利插 入直到人的气管内或支气管内。其由外护套 1开口的小头端插入并从外护 套 1大头端附近的开口伸出到气管支气管内； 所述内管 5内部有 2个相对 独立的管路： 其中之一为供气管， 另一为排水排气管； 内管 5的插入端 501靠近端部开口的管壁上还设置有孔。内管 5的插 入端 501靠近端部开口的管壁上所设置的每一个孔连通着内管 5内部的某 一条管路： 供气管或排水排气管； 每个孔只连通内管 5内部的其中一条管 路； 以便于排水供气分开， 保证技术效果更佳。 连通着供气管的孔和连通 着排水排气管的孔交错布置在内管 5插入端 501端部， 其长度为 20cm的 一段； 内管 5的插入端 501端部的孔可以简化为两个： 只布置在内管 5的 插入端 501端部， 也可以是多个均匀或按照某种规律布置。 内管 5的插入端 501端部封闭以便当插入端 501供气时由于末梢气道 内压过高损伤肺脏。 内管 5插入端 501表面设置有压力传感器， 测定气管 支气管内压以便于更好的保证避免伤害人的肺脏。 所述呼吸辅助系统中的内管 5 内两条相对独立的管路其中之一为供 气管路， 供气气压在 l-1000cm¾O范围内可调； 另一管路为排水排气管， 排水排气管外部连接有手动或自动工作方式工作的抽水用器具或设备； 所 述呼吸辅助系统中还有连接这内管 5用于对进 /排气、吸水的动作和过程 参数进行控制的呼吸控制装置， 例如进 /排气的方式、 频率、 供气气压， 吸水流量、 吸水频率等等。 我们在实际使用中，首先将外护套 1塞入人的喉部以便于使用外护套 1大头端的食道顶帽 101顶住食道幵口并使之封闭防止食道内进气进水、 防止胃内容物流入到气管内。在将外护套 1塞入人的喉部时需注意外护套 1的方向，要保证外护套〗 大头端附近的内部管路开口基本对准气管开口， 然后我们在照明装置 6帮助下利用图像采集装置 4观察具体的对准情况， 同时利用布置在外护套 1 大头端附近的内部管路开口附近的可充气气嚢 201来具体精细调节外护套 1大头端附近的内部管路开口， 使其能更好的 对准气管开口。 之后， 我们将内管 5从外护套 1的内部管路中插入直到人的喉部， 具 体可以使内管 5的插入端 501端部插入伸到气管甚至支气管内部。 然后我们利用内管 5 内部的排水排气管路吸出滞留在人的支气管或 气管处的水或其他滞留物， 并向肺内主动输入含氧气体排出废气， 防止肺 泡虚脱；吸水和输 /排气的过程根据实际情况可以交替进行也可以同时进 行， 可以进行平坦式或者脉冲式的工作方式； 也可以执行单一的针对供气 管路或者针对排水排气管路的某一种具体操作或者采取其他的具体操作 形式； 直到被抢救的溺水者气管和支气管处的积水排出病人神志基本恢 复， 且能主动呼吸为止。 内管 5的氧气送入、 废气排出， 水、 分泌物的排除， 以及气管支气管 内压等动作或参数都可以由体外的呼吸辅助系统中的呼吸控制装置按照 适当的控制规律进行相应的控制。在使用本发明所述呼吸辅助系统时可以 在以下零部件的帮助下更好的了解喉部的具体情况，辅助操作人员作出最 佳判断， 以便于更好的进行相应的调整和其他各种操作， 它们具体可以是 以下之一或其组合：布置在外护套 1大端部的照明装置 6和图像采集装置 4、 布置在内管 5插入端 501表面的气道压力传感器。 实施例 2 本实施例内容与实施例 1内容基本相同， 其主要不同之处在于：
1 )在距离外护套 1 的大头端端部约 30m m处有连通其小头端管路 开口的另一个管路开口；
2 )所述外护套 1内的中空管管路为 10条相对独立各自贯通的管路；
3 )所述可充气气嚢 201具体有 8个， 用于微调外护套 1上靠近大头 端的开口端管路的开口位置；
4 ) 所述内管 5内部有 10个相对独立的管路： 其中 4个为供气管， 另外 6个为排水排气管； 内管 5的插入端 501靠近端部开口的管壁上所设置的每一个孔连通着 内管 5内部的某一条管路； 每个孔只连通内管 5内部的其中一条管路； 以 便于排水供气分开保证技术效果更佳。连通着供气管的孔和连通着排水排 气管的孔交错布置在内管 5插入端 501端部长度为 30cm的一段上； 5 ) 所述气管插管辅助装置的总长度可以为 65cm， 所述外护套 1 内 部有两个开口内部贯通的中空管路横截面外直径为 60mm;
6 )如有必要对食道内的污物进行清理， 或者需对患者从食道向胃内 输送物质， 则食道顶帽 101的外部向食道的方向可以有开口， 此开口有独 立的连通管路直接连接到外护套 1的小头端，利用此开口我们可以连接独 入源等装置， 也可以将其关闭不用， 总体效果与前述的将食道顶帽 101外 部封闭的技术效果相同。 实施例 3 本实施例内容与实施例 1内容基本相同， 其主要不同之处在于：
1 )在距离外护套 1的大头端端部约 3 m m处有连通其小头端管路开 口的另一个管路开口；
2 ) 所述外护套 1内的中空管管路为 1条；
3 )所述可充气气嚢 201具体有 1个， 其具体布置在外护套 1上靠近 大头端的管路开口位置和食道顶帽 101之间，用于微调外护套 1上靠近大 头端的管路开口位置； 4 )所述内管 5内部有 1个管路： 其作为供气管的同时也作为排水排 气管使用， 输气或输水的操作为交替间歇工作； 内管 5的插入端 501靠近端部开口的管壁上设置有孔；这些孔交错布 置在内管 5插入端 501端部长度为 10cm的一段上；
5 ) 所述气管插管辅助装置的总长度可以为 65cm, 所述外护套 1 内 部有两个开口内部贯通的中空管路横截面外直径为 5mm。 实施例 4 本实施例内容与实施例 1内容基本相同， 其主要不同之处在于：
1 ) 外护套 1大头端开口处附近无照明装置 6和图像采集装置 4;
2 )内管 5的插入端 501只有端部的两个开口， 管壁上的其它位置没 有孔。 实施例 5 本实施例内容与实施例 1内容基本相同， 其主要不同之处在于：
1 ) 内管 5插入端 501表面没有设置有压力传感器；
2 ) 内管 5的供气管连接加压呼吸气嚢， 用手加压供气；
3 ) 内管 5的排水排气管连接有自动工作的吸引器具或设备。 工业实用性 本发明的呼吸辅助系统可以应用于医用等民用领域， 可以清除气管、 支气管、 肺内的水及分泌物确保气道通畅， 并可以进行体外的被动的辅助 呼吸操作。

Claims

权利 要求
1、 一种呼吸辅助系统， 其特征在于：
所述呼吸辅助系统中包含有气管插管辅助装置和呼吸辅助装置两部 分。
2、 按照权利要求 1所述呼吸辅助系统， 其特征在于： 所述呼吸辅助 系统中的气管插管辅助装置具体为两端开口的外护套 （ 1 ) , 两开口端之 间为中空的管路； 其中： 外护套（ 1 ) 的小头端为对外开口的中空管， 外 护套（1 ) 大头端的最前端为食道顶帽 （101 ) ， 食道顶帽 （101 ) 的端部 基本轮廓为锥形， 横截面积较小的一端在大头端的近端部；
食道顶帽 （101 ) 的具体结构可以是以下两种情况之一： 外部封闭无 开口； 有开口， 此开口有独立的连通管路直接连接到外护套 （ 1 ) 的小头 端；
在距离外护套（ 1 ) 的大头端端部 3 ~ 200m m处有连通其小头端管路 开口的另一个管路开口。
3、按照权利要求 2所述呼吸辅助系统， 其特征在于： 所述外护套（ 1 ) 内的中空管管路为 1 ~ 10条相对独立各自贯通的管路。
4、 按照权利要求 3所述呼吸辅助系统， 其特征在于：
所述外护套 （1 ) 上靠近大头端的开口端管路开口附近有管路开口位 置调整装置（2 )； 具体为布置在所述外护套（1 )靠近大头端的开口端附 近的可充气气嚢 （ 201 ) ； 所述可充气气嚢 （ 201 ) 具体有 1 ~ 8个， 可充 气气囊（201 ) 中的部分或全部有连接到外护套（1 )小头端附近的充 /放 气管路；
所述气管插管辅助装置的总长度为 10cm~65cm, 所述外护套（ 1 ) 内 部有两个开口内部贯通的中空管路横截面直径为 1 ~ 60mm;
在所述气管插管辅助装置中的外护套（] ) 上还设置有以下零部件之 一或其组合： 在靠近大头端的开口端管路开口附近设置有图像采集装置 (4) , 所述图像采集装置（4) 为以下部件的组合： 摄像头、 连接摄像头 的图像传输线路、通过图像传输线路与摄像头相连接的图像处理与显示装 置； 所述外护套 （1 ) 上靠近大头端的开口端管路开口附近设置有照明装 置 （6) 。
5、 按照权利要求 1所述呼吸辅助系统， 其特征在于： 所述呼吸辅助 系统中的呼吸辅助装置， 具体为通过外护套（ 1 ) 开口的小头端插入并从 外护套（1) 大头端附近的开口伸出到气管或 /和支气管内的内管 （5) 。
6、 按照权利要求 5所述呼吸辅助系统， 其特征在于：
内管 （5) 的插入端 （501 ) 靠近端部开口的管壁上设置有孔； 所述内管 （5) 内部有 1 ~ 10个相对独立的管路。
7、 按照权利要求 6所述呼吸辅助系统， 其特征在于： 所述内管 （5) 内部有 2个相对独立的管路： 其中之一为供气管， 另一为排水排气管； 内管（5)的插入端 （501 )靠近端部开口的管壁上所设置的每一个孔 连通着内管 （5) 内部的某一条管路。
8、 按照权利要求 5所述呼吸辅助系统， 其特征在于： 所述内管 （5) 外壁上设置有孔的内管 （5) 的插入端 （501 ) 段为从内管 （5) 的端部开 始长度为 0~ 50cm的一段。
9、 按照权利要求 5所述呼吸辅助系统， 其特征在于：
所述内管 （5) 内部有 2个相对独立的管路；
内管 （5)的插入端（501 )靠近端部开口的管壁上所设置的每一个孔 连通着内管 （5) 内部的其中一条管路， 每个孔只连通内管 （5) 内部的排 水排气管路或供气管路中的其中一条管路；
外壁上设置有孔的内管 （5) 的插入端 （501 ) 段为从内管 （5) 的端 部开始长度为 0 ~ 50cm的一段。 ，
10、 按照权利要求 9所述呼吸辅助系统， 其特征在于：
所述呼吸辅助系统还具有以下特征之一或其组合：
内管 （5) 的插入端 （501)通过管壁上的孔连通其外部；
内管 （5)的插入端（501)表面设置有 1 ~ 90个气道压力传感器， 测 量气管支气管内压， 以便于调节输气流量， 调节排水排气流量来控制气管 支气管内压， 防止气管， 支气管和肺脏的损伤。
所述呼吸辅助系统中的内管 （5) 内两奈相对独立的管路其中之一为 供气管路， 供气气压为 l~ 1000cmH20; 另一管路为排水排气管；
所述呼吸辅助系统中还有连接内管 （5) 的供气管和 /或排水排气管 的呼吸控制装置， 用于对进 /排气、 吸水的动作和过程参数进行控制； 或 有连接内管 （5) 的供气管和 /或排水排气管的加压呼吸气嚢； 排水排气 管也可连接有手动或自动工作方式工作的抽水用器具或设备。
PCT/CN2009/000869 2008-08-13 2009-08-04 一种呼吸辅助系统 WO2010017685A1 (zh)

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WO2023227602A1 (en) * 2022-05-27 2023-11-30 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Endobronchial flow measurement and flow control for regional ventilation

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CN101450235B (zh) * 2007-11-28 2013-03-13 刘春江 一种呼吸辅助系统
CN201263827Y (zh) * 2008-08-13 2009-07-01 刘春江 一种呼吸辅助系统
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