WO2010016828A1 - Procédé et appareil pour réduire des dépôts dans des tuyaux de pétrole - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour réduire des dépôts dans des tuyaux de pétrole Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010016828A1
WO2010016828A1 PCT/US2008/072137 US2008072137W WO2010016828A1 WO 2010016828 A1 WO2010016828 A1 WO 2010016828A1 US 2008072137 W US2008072137 W US 2008072137W WO 2010016828 A1 WO2010016828 A1 WO 2010016828A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
approximately
pipe
electric wave
petroleum
magnetic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2008/072137
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Qi Ning Mai
Original Assignee
Qi Ning Mai
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Qi Ning Mai filed Critical Qi Ning Mai
Priority to PCT/US2008/072137 priority Critical patent/WO2010016828A1/fr
Priority to CN200880130584.7A priority patent/CN102027192B/zh
Publication of WO2010016828A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010016828A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/24—Preventing accumulation of dirt or other matter in the pipes, e.g. by traps, by strainers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto 
    • B08B9/02—Cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes
    • B08B9/027—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages

Definitions

  • the present patent application generally relates to petroleum production and more particularly to methods and apparatus for preventing, reducing, or removing deposits in petroleum pipes or pumping rods of pumping units.
  • an apparatus for removing deposits from a petroleum flow line can include a pipe that can be attached to a petroleum flow line.
  • the pipe can have a pipe axis that defines a direction for fluid flow in the petroleum flow line.
  • the apparatus can also include a first and a second field winding circumferentially disposed around the pipe, and an electric wave generator adapted to electrically communicate an electric wave to the first field winding and the second field winding.
  • the first field winding is adapted to produce a first magnetic field having a first magnetic axis
  • the second field winding is adapted to produce a second magnetic field having a second magnetic axis.
  • the first magnetic axis can be noncollinear with respect to the second magnetic axis, and at least the first magnetic axis can be noncollinear with respect to the pipe axis.
  • An embodiment of an apparatus for reducing deposits in a petroleum pipe can include a field winding disposed adjacent a petroleum pipe that has a passageway for flow of a petroleum fluid.
  • the field winding can be adapted to produce a magnetic field the extends into the passageway of the pipe.
  • the apparatus can include an electric wave generator adapted to communicate an electric wave to the field winding such that in response to the electric wave the field winding produces the magnetic field.
  • the electric wave can include a high frequency component, a low frequency component, and an ultralow frequency component.
  • the high frequency component can include a high frequency in a range from approximately 25 kHz to approximately 65 kHz
  • the low frequency component can include a low frequency in a range from approximately 25 Hz to approximately 240 Hz
  • the ultralow frequency component can include an ultralow frequency in a range from approximately 0.1 Hz to approximately 10 Hz.
  • at least one of the high frequency, the low frequency, and the ultralow frequency is selected based at least in part on the properties of the petroleum fluid that can flow in the petroleum pipe.
  • An embodiment of a method of reducing deposits in a petroleum pipe includes generating an electric wave comprising a high frequency component, a low frequency component, and an ultralow frequency component.
  • the high frequency component may include a high frequency in a range from approximately 25 kHz to approximately 65 kHz
  • the low frequency component may include a low frequency in a range from approximately 25 Hz to approximately 240 Hz
  • the ultralow frequency component may include an ultralow frequency in a range from approximately 0.1 Hz to approximately 10 Hz.
  • the method further includes applying the electric wave to a plurality of field windings circumferentially disposed around a petroleum pipe while a petroleum fluid is flowing through the petroleum pipe.
  • an apparatus for resisting wax and dirt build up in an oil well includes an exciter comprising a plurality of segmented field windings, and an electric wave generator adapted for generating an electric wave and providing the electric wave to the plurality of field windings.
  • the exciter may be mounted externally around a nonmagnetic pipe at a Christmas tree on a wellhead of the oil well, and the plurality of field windings can be adapted for producing a plurality of serially connected and continuously inverting magnetic poles upon application of the electric wave.
  • the electric wave generator may be adapted for receiving an alternating current input, rectifying the alternating current input, and outputting, as the electric wave, a pulse current having wide spectrum high order harmonics and a pulse excited waveform that periodically changes in an ultralow frequency selected from 0.5-10 Hz.
  • the exciter includes fifty segmented field windings or fewer.
  • the plurality of field windings are connected with one another in any one of a series connection, parallel connection, and phased array connection so as to produce corresponding electromagnetic fields having different strengths and frequencies.
  • the electric wave generator includes at least one bridge-type thyristor adapted for rectifying the alternating current input.
  • a conduction angle of the at least one bridge type thyristor is controlled by a trigger potential that periodically changes in the ultralow frequency selected from 0.5-10 Hz.
  • the pulse excited waveform outputted by the at least one bridge-type thyristor includes approximate square wave front edges.
  • the apparatus for resisting wax and dirt build up in an oil well additionally includes a temperature feedback controller adapted for controlling the electric wave generator based upon a representation of a temperature feedback from the exciter.
  • the apparatus for resisting wax and dirt build up in an oil well additionally includes a controller adapted for setting up at least one of magnetic field strength to be produced by the exciter, initial values of the electric wave generator, and the ultralow frequency.
  • Embodiments of the present invention may reduce petroleum viscosity and prevent paraffin wax and dirt from deposition in oil pipes, which eliminates or reduces the necessity of washing oil wells. Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention may reduce pumping resistance in oil pipes, reduce driving current provided to pumping units, and increase flow velocity of petroleum within oil pipes. All these may enhance petroleum production and transportation efficacy.
  • Figure 1 schematically illustrates an embodiment of an apparatus for reducing deposits in which an exciter is mounted on an outlet pipe of a Christmas tree at an oil well;
  • Figure 2 is schematically illustrates an example of a winding arrangement in an embodiment of an exciter;
  • Figures 3, 4 and 5 schematically illustrates examples of a relationship between one of the field windings and the pipe illustrated in Figure 2;
  • FIGS 6, 7, 8 and 9 schematically illustrate other examples of possible winding arrangements in embodiments of an exciter
  • Figure 10 is a cross-section view that schematically illustrates an embodiment of a winding frame for mounting a field winding circumferentially around a pipe;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an electric wave generator
  • Figure HA schematically illustrates an example envelope of an embodiment of an electric wave
  • Figure 1 IB schematically illustrates examples of switch and timing diagrams for a phased array for an embodiment of an exciter comprising five windings;
  • Figure 12 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method of reducing or preventing deposits in a petroleum pipe.
  • An embodiment of an apparatus for reducing deposits in a pipe includes an exciter and an electric wave generator.
  • the exciter includes a plurality of field windings (also referred to in some embodiments as segmented field windings) that can be externally mounted to a length of the pipe.
  • the field windings can substantially surround a length of a petroleum pipe.
  • the petroleum pipe can be, for example, a portion of an oil pipe for outputting crude oil from an oil well or a portion of an oil pipeline for transporting the crude oil.
  • the exciter is externally mounted to a length of the pipe that is substantially non-magnetic.
  • a possible advantage of some embodiments of the disclosed apparatus is that the apparatus can be externally mounted on a portion of the pipe that is readily accessible (e.g., above ground).
  • the electric wave generator includes circuits for generating an electric wave.
  • the electric wave generator provides the generated electric wave to the field windings of the exciter.
  • the electric wave includes several wave components such as, for example, a high frequency alternating wave, a low frequency pulse wave, and/or an ultralow frequency rectangular pulse wave having an approximately square wave front edge.
  • the field windings upon application of the electric wave, produce a magnetic field at least within a portion of the pipe.
  • the produced magnetic field may have a serially changed, erratic, twist axial angle with respect to an axis of the petroleum pipe.
  • the produced magnetic field includes high frequency alternating magnetic fields.
  • the time- varying magnetic field in the pipe may induce an electric field (e.g., via Faraday's principle).
  • the electric field and/or the magnetic field (which are components of the electromagnetic field) may provide resonance excitation energies to particles in the fluids in the pipe (e.g., petroleum and mud water).
  • the produced magnetic field includes low frequency magnetic fields that may provide energies to separate wax molecules or dirt clusters that have been segregated from the petroleum and mud water so that the wax molecules or dirt clusters have a lower probability of depositing on inner surfaces of petroleum pipes or outer surfaces of pumping rods.
  • the produced magnetic field includes ultralow frequency magnetic fields that may provide micro-surge hydraulic effects to dissolve wax molecules or dirt clusters that have already deposited on inner surfaces of the petroleum pipes or outer surfaces of pumping rods. In other embodiments, other effects may contribute to the reduction or prevention of deposits in the pipe.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an embodiment of an apparatus for reducing (or preventing) deposits in a pipe.
  • an exciter 1 is externally disposed around a pipe 7.
  • the pipe 7 is connected, at one of its ends, with an outlet branch of a Christmas tree 4.
  • the pipe 7 is also connected, at its other end, with an oil pipeline 9.
  • Flanges 5 and 6 can be used to connect the outlet branch of the Christmas tree 4 and the pipeline 9, respectively, to the ends of the pipe 7.
  • the pipe 7 can be connected to other fluid connectors, flow apparatus, pumps, etc.
  • the exciter 1 can be disposed around portions of other pipes than the pipe 7 shown in Figure 1.
  • the exciter 1 can be disposed around a portion of the oil pipeline 9, the oil pipe 8, or some other pipe or fitting.
  • the Christmas tree 4 is an assembly comprising valves, spools and fittings for an oil pipe 8 secured within an oil well.
  • the Christmas tree 4 functions to prevent the release of oil from the oil pipe 8 into the environment and to direct and control the flow of formation fluids from the oil well.
  • the crude oil is brought to the ground surface within the oil pipe 8 by underground pressure and collected by the Christmas tree 4.
  • the crude oil thus produced by the Christmas tree 4 subsequently flows through the pipe 7 and into the oil pipeline 9 for transporting, for example, to an oil tank, a refinery, or other oil facility.
  • Figure 1 illustrates use of the Christmas tree 4 for producing the oil from the well
  • any lifting mechanism such as a pumping unit, an artificial lifting method, water injection, etc., can be utilized to produce the crude oil after pressure in the oil well has depleted.
  • the exciter 1 is electrically connected with an electric wave generator 3 through a plug 2.
  • the plug 2 includes one or more (e.g., 20) cores to provide electrical connections to components of the exciter 1.
  • the electric wave generator 3 generates an electric wave and communicates the electric wave to the exciter 1 via the plug 2.
  • FIG 2 schematically illustrates an example of a winding arrangement in an embodiment of the exciter 1.
  • the exciter 1 includes at least two field windings.
  • the number of field windings ranges from two (2) to fifty (50). In other embodiments, the number of field windings can be greater then fifty (50).
  • the exciter 1 includes five field windings 10, 1 1, 12, 13, 14. One or more of the field windings 10, 1 1, 12, 13, 14 can be spaced from one another longitudinally along the pipe 7.
  • the exciter 1 also includes a protection housing Ia that encloses a length of the pipe 7, the field windings 10, 1 1, 12, 13, 14, and corresponding electrical cables and connections (not illustrated).
  • the protection housing Ia can include a magnetic material (e.g., a high permeability metal) to shield the exterior regions of the exciter 1 from magnetic fields generated in the windings 10-14.
  • the pipe 7 is above the ground and is made of nonmagnetic material.
  • the pipe 7 has a length in a range from about fifty to one hundred centimeters and can be substantially surrounded by two to about fifty field windings. In one embodiment, seven windings are used.
  • the pipe 7 is eighty (80) centimeters long and is made of nonmagnetic material. Cables can be used to connect the field windings 10, 1 1, 12, 13, 14 to the plug 2 which may be removably attached to an external surface of the housing Ia.
  • the field windings 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 are externally mounted around a length of the pipe 7, which has a pipe axis 15.
  • the field windings can be adapted for producing two magnetic poles (e.g., North (N) and South (S)) upon application of an electric wave generated by the electric wave generator 3.
  • Each of the field windings can generate a magnetic field having a magnetic axis.
  • the field windings 10, 1 1, 12, 13, and 14 each have a respective magnetic axis 10a, 1 Ia, 12a, 13a, and 14a.
  • the plurality of field windings includes a plurality of magnetic axes.
  • the field windings of the exciter 1 can be adapted so that their respective magnetic axes form a variety of magnetic configurations.
  • the magnetic axis of one field winding is nonollinear with the magnetic axes of at least one other field winding.
  • the magnetic axes of one or more of the field windings can be noncollinear with respect to the pipe axis 15.
  • the magnetic axis of one field winding and the magnetic axis of another field winding are substantially parallel to each other but are spatially displaced from each other.
  • the magnetic axis of one field winding and the magnetic axis of another field winding are in substantially the same plane but intersect to define an angle therebetween.
  • the magnetic axis of one field winding and the magnetic axis of another field winding are displaced from each other and form an angle with respect to each other (e.g., the respective magnetic axes can lie in different planes).
  • the angle formed between the magnetic axes of field windings can include 0 degrees (e.g., the two magnetic axes are parallel).
  • the magnetic axis of one field winding is in a different plane from the magnetic axis of another field winding. Examples of possible arrangements of the field windings in the exciter 1 are shown and described with reference to Figures 3 to 9.
  • Figure 3 is a top view schematically illustrating an example of the relationship between one of the field windings, e.g., field winding 11, and the pipe 7.
  • the magnetic axis 1 1a of the field winding 11 is illustrated by a dot-dash line
  • the axis 15 of the pipe 7 is illustrated by a dotted line.
  • the field winding 1 1 is rotated (relative to the plane shown in Figure 3) by an angle ⁇ l with respect to the pipe axis 15.
  • the angle ⁇ l is in a range from approximately 0 degrees to approximately 30 degrees. In other embodiments, the angle ⁇ l is greater than approximately 30 degrees.
  • Figure 4 is a top view schematically illustrating another example of the relationship between field winding 12 with magnetic axis 12a and the pipe 7.
  • the angle ⁇ l is rotated in an opposite direction as compared to the example shown in Figure 3.
  • the angle ⁇ l is in a range from approximately 0 degrees to approximately 30 degrees. In other embodiments, the angle ⁇ l is greater than approximately 30 degrees.
  • Figure 5 is a top view illustrating another example of the relationship between one of the field windings, e.g., field winding 21 (not illustrated in Figure 2), and the pipe 7.
  • the field winding 21 is tilted (relative to the plane of Figure 4) by an angle ⁇ 2. Therefore, the magnetic axis of the field winding 21 forms an angle ⁇ 2 with respect to the axis 15 of the pipe 7.
  • the angle ⁇ 2 is in a range from approximately 0 degrees to approximately 30 degrees. In other embodiments, the angle ⁇ 2 is greater than approximately 30 degrees.
  • a field winding can be rotated by a rotation axis ⁇ l about a first direction (see, e.g., Figures 3, 4) as well as tilted by a tilt axis ⁇ 2 about a second direction (see, e.g., Fig. 5).
  • the first direction can be perpendicular to (e.g., orthogonal to) the second direction.
  • one or both of the angles ⁇ l and ⁇ 2 can be in the range from approximately 0 degrees to approximately 30 degrees. Other angles can be used in other embodiments.
  • Figures 6, 7 and 8 are top views schematically illustrating three other examples of possible winding arrangements in the exciter 1.
  • field windings 22, 23, and 24 have respective magnetic axes 22a, 23 a, and 24a.
  • the magnetic axes 22a-24a are substantially parallel to each other and substantially parallel to the pipe axis 15.
  • the rotation and tilt angles ⁇ l and ⁇ 2 for each of the field windings 22-24 are small (near 0 degrees).
  • the magnetic axes 22a-24a are displaced from the pipe axis 15. by varying amounts, for example, the magnetic axis 22a is displaced less from the pipe axis 15 than the magnetic axis 24a.
  • the magnetic axis 23a is displaced above the pipe axis 15 (in the plane of Figure 6), and the magnetic axes 22a and 24a are displaced below the pipe axis 15 (in the plane of Figure 6).
  • Other displacement amounts (and directions relative to the pipe axis 15) can be used in other embodiments.
  • Figures 7 and 8 are top views schematically illustrating field windings 25, 26 and 27 (with respective magnetic axes 25a, 26a, and 27a) and field windings 28, 29 and 30 (with respective magnetic axes 28a, 29a, and 30a).
  • the magnetic axes are substantially parallel to each other but form angles with respect to the pipe axis 15.
  • the magnetic axes 25a-27a are rotated counterclockwise with respect to the pipe axis 15 and in the example shown in Figure 8, the magnetic axes 28a-30a are rotated clockwise with respect to the pipe axis 15.
  • FIG. 9 is a top view schematically illustrating another example of a possible winding arrangement of the exciter 1.
  • the exciter 1 includes field windings 31, 32, 33, and 34 with respective magnetic axes 31a, 32a, 33a, and 34a.
  • the magnetic axis 3 Ia is rotated clockwise and displaced from the pipe axis 15.
  • the magnetic axis 32a is tilted (and may be displaced from) the pipe axis 15.
  • the magnetic axis 33a is rotated counterclockwise from the pipe axis 15.
  • the magnetic axis 34a is substantially parallel to but displaced from the pipe axis 15.
  • FIG. 3-9 The example configurations of the field windings and magnetic axes shown in Figures 3-9 are intended to be illustrative and not to limit the types of magnetic field arrangements usable in the exciters described herein.
  • different numbers of field windings may be used than are shown in Figures 3-9.
  • the spatial separation between field windings may be different than shown.
  • a magnetic axis of any field winding may have a different rotation angle, tilt angle, and/or displacement from the pipe axis 15 than shown in Figures 3-9. Many variations are possible.
  • the field windings of the exciter can be electrically connected in any suitable electrical configuration.
  • the windings can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a phased array in order to provide different field effects for different crude oil compounds.
  • the phased array connection can be similar to the connection of phased array radars or phased array antennas.
  • the field windings shown in Figure 9 can be connected as a phased array. Examples of switch and timing diagrams for an embodiment of a five winding exciter connected as a phased array are described below with reference to Figure HB.
  • the field windings produce two magnetic poles upon application of the electric wave provided by the electric wave generator 3. Accordingly, the field windings of the exciter 1, if applied with the electric wave generated by the electric wave generator 3, collectively produce a resultant magnetic field that advantageously can extend at least into the pipe 7.
  • the elective wave generated by the electric wave generator 3 may include alternating components.
  • the magnetic poles produced by the field windings can alternate in response to the electric wave supplied by the generator 3.
  • Figure 9 schematically illustrates a possible sequence of North (N) and South (S) magnetic poles for each of the field windings 31-34 at a particular time.
  • fluid flowing through the pipe 7 would experience a sequence NSNSNSNS of magnetic poles.
  • the polarity of one or more of the magnetic axes 31a-34a may be different than shown in Figure 9.
  • the polarity of a magnetic axis may be changed by changing the wiring connections of the field windings and/or by changing the direction of the current (and/or voltage) applied to particular field windings.
  • the electric wave is a direct current that changes amplitude as a function of time.
  • the electric wave may include an alternating current component.
  • the resultant magnetic field produced by the windings 31 -34 shown in Figure 9 can have a field geometry that includes magnetic field lines that are not substantially parallel to and/or not substantially perpendicular to the pipe axis 15.
  • the resultant magnetic field lines include portions that are curved or wavy relative to the pipe axis 15.
  • the magnetic axis of at least one field winding and the pipe axis 15 are noncollinear.
  • the magnetic axis of a first winding and the magnetic axis of a second winding are noncollinear. Consequently, fluid flowing through such exciter embodiments may experience a magnetic field whose magnitude and/or direction (relative to the fluid) appears to vary spatially and/or temporally as the fluid passes through the exciter 1.
  • the electric wave is communicated to the field windings of the exciter as a direct current (DC) in which the direction of the current does not change with time.
  • the amplitude of the DC current can vary in time as discussed below.
  • the magnetic poles (termed DC magnetic poles) produced by one or more field windings upon application of the direct current may be selected to be in conformity with Earth's magnetic field at the location of the exciter. For example, for an oil well that is located in the Northern Hemisphere, one DC magnetic pole closer to the Christmas tree 4 is a North magnetic pole; another DC magnetic pole farther from the Christmas tree 4 is a South magnetic pole.
  • the magnetic fields produced by the field windings may be propagated along other pipes in the system if the pipes are formed from a magnetic material (e.g., a ferromagnetic material such as iron, cobalt, etc.).
  • a magnetic material e.g., a ferromagnetic material such as iron, cobalt, etc.
  • the magnetic field produced by the exciter 1 may propagate to the pipe 8 into deeper portions of the oil well, which advantageously may reduce (or prevent) or remove deposits in deeper portions of the oil pipe 8.
  • the magnetic field produced by the exciter may propagate to other pipes, connections, fittings, etc. that are formed from a suitably magnetic material.
  • Figure 10 is a cross-section view schematically illustrating a winding frame
  • the field winding 31 can be coiled in the winding frame 32.
  • the pipe 7 passes through an opening
  • the winding frame 32 can be rotated, tilted, and/or displaced with respect to the pipe 7 to provide desired arrangements of the field windings and magnetic axes.
  • the winding frame 32 can be securely attached to the outer surface of the pipe 7.
  • the winding frame 32 is adjustable relative to the pipe 7 so that the arrangement of the frame 32 and the pipe 7 can be changed as desired.
  • a first, inner winding frame can be nested within at least one second, outer winding frame.
  • FIG. 1 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the electric wave generator 3.
  • the electric wave generator 3 includes a microprocessor 1101, a wave generator 1102, a rectifying circuit 1103, a swing oscillator 1104, a rectifier 1 105, an oscillator 1106, an amplifier 1 107, and a capacitor 1 108.
  • a microprocessor 1101 a wave generator 1102
  • a rectifying circuit 1103 a swing oscillator 1104
  • a rectifier 1 105 an oscillator 1106, an amplifier 1 107, and a capacitor 1 108.
  • additional and/or different components can be used, and some or all of the functionality of the components shown in Figure 1 1 can be integrated. Many variations are possible.
  • the rectifier 1 105 receives an alternating current (AC).
  • the alternating current is 50 Hz, 220 VAC.
  • the alternating current is 60 Hz, 1 10 VAC. Alternating currents of other frequencies and other voltages are used in other embodiments. For example, 660 VAC is used in one embodiment.
  • the rectifier 1105 converts the alternating current into a direct current.
  • the rectifier 1105 can include a nonlinear circuit component that allows more current to flow in one direction than in the other.
  • a full-wave rectifier 1 105 is utilized.
  • a half- wave rectifier 1 105 is utilized.
  • the oscillator 1106 can include an electronic circuit that converts energy from a direct current source into a periodically varying electrical output.
  • the high frequency alternating wave output by the oscillator 1106 includes a sinusoidal wave.
  • the oscillator 1106 converts the direct current from the rectifier 1105 into a high frequency alternating wave.
  • the high frequency is selected in a range from approximately 25 kHz to approximately 65 kHz. The choice of the high frequency can be chosen based on the fact that the wax at different oil fields may possibly have different geology. For example, the value of the high frequency may be selected based upon experiments at and/or statistical data from an oil field in order to better conform to the wax geology at the particular oil field.
  • the amplifier 1107 can include a device capable of increasing the power level of a physical quantity that is varying with time, without substantially distorting the wave shape of the quantity.
  • the amplifier 1 107 amplifies the power level of the high frequency alternating wave output by the oscillator 1 106.
  • the amplitude of the high frequency wave (without load) may be in a range from approximately 15V to approximately 25V, peak to peak.
  • the amplitude of the high frequency wave may be in a range from approximately 2V to approximately 4V (in an example exciter having 5 windings connected in series).
  • inductance of the field windings may effect material properties, which can modify the parameters of the electric wave (e.g., voltage and/or current).
  • the output terminal of the amplifier 1 107 is coupled to an output terminal of the electric wave generator 3 using the capacitor 1 108.
  • the capacitor 1 108 outputs the high frequency alternating wave to an output terminal of the electric wave generator 3 as a first component of the electric wave generated by the electric wave generator 3.
  • the electric wave may also include other components and may be termed a composite wave.
  • the high frequency alternating wave when applied to the field windings of the exciter 1, cause the field windings to produce high frequency alternating electromagnetic fields.
  • the high frequency alternating electromagnetic fields may, in some cases, provide resonance excitation energies to particles in the petroleum and mud water in the pipe 7 (or other pipes fluidly connected thereto).
  • the resonance excitation energies provided to the particles may inhibit (or prevent) the segregation and/or deposition of wax molecules and/or dirt in the petroleum (and/or mud water). For example, during the process of producing petroleum from an oil well, the temperature and pressure of the petroleum drop as the petroleum is pumped to the surface.
  • the excitation levels of wax molecules or dirt in the petroleum generally decrease as the temperature and/or pressure decrease. At lower excitation levels, the wax (and/or dirt) may form wax molecules (and/or dirt clusters).
  • the wax molecules and/or dirt may be inhibited from being segregated from the petroleum and/or mud water. Accordingly, oil wells utilizing embodiments of the exciter may experience fewer deposits on the pipe surfaces and other components in contact with the petroleum. Although this is one possible physical mechanism that may occur in some cases, additional and/or different physical mechanisms may be responsible (at least in part) for reducing the deposits in pipes utilizing embodiments of the disclosed apparatus and methods.
  • Embodiments of the electric wave generator 3 may include additional components besides the first, high-frequency component.
  • one or more additional components can be used to modulate the high frequency alternating wave and/or produce frequency components at lower frequencies.
  • the generator 3 also includes a swing oscillator 1104, which can be used for generating a low frequency time-varying wave, which can be output to the oscillator 1 106.
  • the low frequency time-varying wave includes a sinusoidal wave or a triangular wave.
  • the oscillator 1106 In response to being modulated by the low frequency time-varying wave from the swing oscillator 1 104, the oscillator 1106 alternately increases and decreases the frequency of the high frequency alternating wave by an amount corresponding to the frequency of the low frequency time-varying wave.
  • the frequency of the low frequency time varying wave is sinusoidal with a frequency in a range from approximately 0 Hz to approximately 10 kHz.
  • the oscillator 1106 alternately increases and decreases (e.g., modulates) the frequency of the high frequency alternating wave (which in one case is 40 kHz) by approximately ⁇ 5 kHz.
  • the likelihood of applying a suitable frequency to the wax molecules (and/or or dirt) in the petroleum and/or mud water at the particular oil field can be increased.
  • the electric wave generator 3 can include the rectifying circuit 1 103.
  • the rectifying circuit 1 103 can include at least one thyristor.
  • the rectifying circuit 1103 can include one or more transistors, MOSFETs, IGBTs, TRIACs, silicon controlled rectifiers (SCRs), diodes, etc.
  • the rectifying circuit 1103 can be used to convert the AC input into a low frequency pulse wave that is communicated to the output terminal of the electric wave generator 3 as a second component of the electric wave.
  • the thyristor is controlled by an optical beam (e.g., a light triggered thyristor or a light-activated silicon controlled rectifier).
  • the rectifying circuit 1 103 includes a full-wave two-way thyristor.
  • the low frequency is in a range from approximately 25 Hz to approximately 240 Hz.
  • the low frequency pulse wave output by the rectifying circuit 1103 can be approximately 100 Hz.
  • the amplitude of the low frequency wave (without load) may be in a range from approximately 50V to approximately 100 V.
  • the AC input is approximately 60 Hz
  • the low frequency pulse wave output by the rectifying circuit 1 103 may be approximately 120 Hz.
  • the amplitude of the low frequency wave may be in a range from approximately 55 V to approximately 1 10 V (without load) in some cases. In the presence of load (e.g., when connected to the field windings), the amplitude of the low frequency wave may be approximately 20 V to approximately 60 V (in an example with 5 windings connected in series).
  • frequency dividers and/or frequency multipliers are utilized to decrease and/or increase, respectively, the frequency of the AC input current and/or the frequency of the low frequency pulse wave.
  • transformers can be used to increase the input voltage to hundreds or thousands of volts, depending on the wax properties at the particular oil field.
  • the output terminal of the rectifying circuit 1103 and the output terminal of the amplifier 1107 are electrically isolated by the capacitor 1108. Consequently, the direct current component in the output of the rectifying circuit 1 103 cannot pass the capacitor 1 108. Therefore, in this embodiment, the rectifier 1105, the oscillator 1 106, the amplifier 1107, and the swing oscillator 1 104 are substantially protected from being damaged by a high-amperage current output by the rectifying circuit 1 103.
  • the direct current output by the rectifying circuit 1 103 may be from several amperes to as high as several hundred amperes depending upon, for example, different field winding arrangements.
  • the second, low-frequency component of the electric wave can cause the field windings in the exciter to produce low frequency magnetic fields.
  • the low frequency magnetic fields may also squeeze and/or rub the wax molecule or dirt clusters (or other particulates or bumps) that are floating in the flow and have not deposited onto inner surfaces of the petroleum pipes or onto outer surfaces of pumping rods.
  • the squeezing and rubbing may dissolve and/or reduce the size of wax molecule or dirt clusters. Consequently, the wax molecule or dirt clusters that have been segregated from the petroleum and mud water may have a lower probability of growing into bigger clusters or bumps and depositing onto inner surfaces of the petroleum pipes or outer surfaces of pumping rods. Additional and/or different physical processes may (at least in part) reduce the deposits in other cases.
  • the electric wave generator 3 also includes a rectangular wave generator 1 102.
  • the rectangular wave generator 1 102 can be used to generate an ultralow frequency rectangular wave and communicate the ultralow frequency rectangular wave to a thyristor in the rectifying circuit 1103.
  • the ultralow pulse frequency is selected to be in a range from approximately 0.1 Hz to approximately 10 Hz.
  • the ultralow frequency rectangular wave can be utilized to modulate the thyristor, for example, by switch-modulation in which a conduction angle of the thyristor is controlled. Accordingly, in such embodiments, the thyristor is turned on and off at various phase angles of the low frequency pulse wave depending upon the amplitude (and/or phase) of the ultralow frequency rectangular wave.
  • the thyristor outputs ultralow frequency pulses that approximate a square wave front edge as a third component of the electric wave.
  • the wave generator 1102 can produce waveform shapes that are different from rectangular such as, for example, triangular waves, sawtooth waves, sinusoidal waves, pulse trains, and so forth.
  • the waveform shape produced by the wave generator 1102 can, but need not be, periodic in time.
  • other methods can be used to modulate the thyristor such as, for example, phase-modulation and/or amplitude-modulation.
  • the third, ultralow-frequency component of the electric wave can cause the field windings in the exciter to produce ultralow frequency pulse magnetic fields.
  • the ultralow frequency pulse magnetic fields may provide a micro-surge hydraulic effect to magnetized particles in the flow of petroleum and mud water.
  • the distribution of the magnetized particles may not be uniform in the flow, which may cause wriggling motions of the magnetized particles in the flow, which may achieve a magnetic equilibrium in the flow.
  • the wriggling motions of magnetized particles may help to dissolve wax molecule or dirt clusters that have deposited on inner surfaces of the petroleum pipes or outer surfaces of pumping rods.
  • ultralow frequency micro-surge hydraulic effects are collectively referred to herein as “ultralow frequency micro-surge hydraulic effects.”
  • the viscosity of the petroleum flow may impede rapid reorganization of the magnetized particles in the flow to achieve magnetic equilibrium, which may increase the disordered wriggling motions of the magnetized particles.
  • the wriggling motion of magnetized particles may also result in surging motions of the magnetized particles.
  • the ultralow frequency micro-surge hydraulic effect may be propagated to substantial distances in the petroleum pipes, in some implementations.
  • the ultralow frequency micro-surge hydraulic effect may be propagated by way of a hydraulic press that can effectively push, rub, and/or dissolve wax molecules, dirt clusters, and/or bumps that have deposited on inner surfaces of the petroleum pipes or outer surfaces of pumping rods.
  • the ultralow frequency micro-surge hydraulic effect may be more effective with ultralow frequencies than with higher frequencies, because high frequency motions of particles in the flow of petroleum and mud water may be attenuated within a relatively short distance along the pipe. Additional and/or different physical processes may (at least in part) be present in other cases.
  • a duty ratio of the rectangular wave is dynamically adjusted. Accordingly, the ultralow frequency pulses output by the rectifying circuit 1 103 have continuously changed front edges that approximate a square wave front edge. In some implementations, the continuously changed front edges may strengthen the ultralow frequency micro-surge hydraulic effect.
  • the third, ultralow frequency component of the electric wave can in some implementations include a wave having a substantially square wave front edge.
  • the third component accordingly can include a relatively wide spectrum of high order harmonic waves.
  • the frequencies of the high order harmonic waves can exceed approximately 100 kHz.
  • the high order harmonic waves can increase the resonance excitation energies provided to the particles in the flow of petroleum and mud water.
  • the electric wave generator 3 can include a microprocessor 1101.
  • the microprocessor 1101 can in elude a single chip microprocessor, which can be a central processor on a single integrated circuit chip. In some embodiments, more processors can be included.
  • the microprocessor 1101 provides the functionality of setting up initial values for the exciter 1 and the electric wave generator 3, monitoring and dynamically controlling the working condition of the exciter 1 and the electric wave 3 according to electrical feedback.
  • the microprocessor 1 101 can set up a basic output frequency for the oscillator 1 106 so that the oscillator 1 106 outputs the high frequency alternating wave having this basic output frequency.
  • the basic output frequency is approximately 36 kHz.
  • the microprocessor 1 101 can also set up a swing frequency for the swing oscillator 1104 so that the swing oscillator 1104 outputs a low frequency sine wave having this swing frequency and consequently the oscillator 1106 swings the frequency of the high frequency alternating wave by an amount corresponding to the swing frequency.
  • the microprocessor 1101 can set up a duty ratio so that the rectangular wave generator 1 102 outputs the ultralow frequency rectangular wave having this duty ratio.
  • the duty ratio for the rectangular wave is 20:80.
  • the duty ratio for the rectangular wave is 90:10.
  • the duty ratio is 50:50 (e.g., a square wave).
  • the duty ratio for the rectangular wave is continuously changed in time.
  • the microprocessor 1101 can receive one or more feedbacks from the exciter 1.
  • the microprocessor 1101 can receive one or more of a temperature feedback indicating the temperature of the wires of the field windings, a current feedback indicating the current value in the wires of the field windings, and a pressure feedback indicating the pressure within the oil well. Based at least in part on these feedbacks (and/or other possible feedbacks), the microprocessor 1101 can dynamically adjust the working condition of some or all of the electric wave components produced by the electric wave generator 3.
  • the microprocessor 1101 can dynamically set the excitation current value for the field windings, dynamically set the high frequency, the low frequency, and/or the ultralow frequency of the composite electric wave to accommodate the geology of different oil fields, to prevent the field windings from overheating and/or overloading, to prevent the pumping units from operating while substantially no petroleum is pumped out, and so forth.
  • the flow in the pipe typically includes petroleum and mud water.
  • the petroleum In some oil fields the petroleum is more wax-like whereas in other oil fields the petroleum is more glue-like.
  • the amount of mud water varies from site to site.
  • the properties of the exciter 1 can be adjusted based in part on the properties of the petroleum at a particular site. In some cases, the exciter 1 can be used for a period of time to develop usage statistics that assist in determining the most suitable exciter properties for the site. For example, different currents can be applied to the field windings and the usage statistics can indicate which current is the most effective at reducing deposits.
  • embodiments of the exciter 1 can include a plurality of field windings, which include a number of turns of wire.
  • the number of turns of wire in a field winding, the number of field windings, and/or the current applied to the windings can be suitably varied based on the usage statistics at the particular oil field. For example, in an oil field producing wax oil, an exciter comprising 5 windings, each with 1240 turns can be used (6200 turns total). In one example oil well, a 5 Ampere current can be used, and the exciter can produce 31,000 ampere-turns (6200 turns times 5 Amperes).
  • an exciter comprising 5 windings, each with 1240 turns can be used (6200 turns total).
  • a 6 Ampere current can be used, and the exciter can produce 37,200 ampere-turns (6200 turns times 6 Amperes).
  • one or more of the field windings of the exciter 1 can be above tens of thousands of ampere-turns.
  • the microprocessor 1 101 can be configured to control relevant components of the electric wave generator 3 to slowly turn on, slowly turn off, and/or slowly modulate the pulses.
  • the microprocessor 1101 can be configured to control cooling, current limitations, etc. of the rectifying circuit 1103 (and/or other components shown in Figure 1 1).
  • the electric wave generator 3 generates an electric wave that includes one or more components.
  • Figure HA schematically illustrates an envelope of the amplitude of the electric wave produced by one embodiment of the electric wave generator 3.
  • the amplitude of the electric wave oscillates in time within the envelope shown in Figure 1 IA.
  • the electric wave includes three components: (1) a high frequency component 1501, (2) a low frequency component 1502, and (3) ultralow frequency components 1503, 1504.
  • the high frequency component 1501 can include a sinusoidal oscillation in a range from approximately 25 kHz to approximately 65 kHz; the low frequency component 1502 can include a sinusoidal oscillation in a range from approximately 25 Hz to approximately 240 Hz; and the ultralow frequency component 1503, 1504 can include a rectangular pulse train at a frequency of approximately 0.1 Hz to approximately 10 Hz.
  • switch-modulation of a thyristor is used to modulate the low frequency component.
  • the thyristor is turned on at times corresponding to front edges 1503 of the ultralow frequency component, and the thyristor is turned off at times corresponding to the tails 1504 of the ultralow frequency component.
  • the ratio of the amplitude of the low frequency wave to the high frequency wave is approximately 10 to 1.
  • the electric wave includes some, but not all, of these three components, for example, the low frequency component and the ultralow frequency component, or the high frequency component and the low frequency component, and so forth.
  • the frequency of the high frequency component if present, can optionally be modulated at a rate between approximately 0 Hz and approximately 10 kHz (e.g., approximately 5 kHz).
  • the amplitude of the low frequency component to the high frequency component is in a range from approximately 10-to-l to approximately 15-to-l . Other amplitude ratios can be used. For example, usage statistics at a particular oil field may be used to select the amplitudes, frequencies, and/or phases of the wave components to provide optimal reduction in deposits for the geology at that oil field.
  • the electric wave generator 3 communicates the electric wave to the field windings of the exciter 1.
  • the electric wave is communicated to each of the field windings of the exciter.
  • electric waves comprising a different selection of frequency components are applied to different field windings of the exciter. For example, a first field winding can receive the high frequency component, and a second field winding can receive the low frequency and ultralow frequency components. Many variations are possible.
  • each winding includes a switch that permits the microprocessor 1 101 to control the times when the electric wave is applied to the winding.
  • Figure 1 IB schematically illustrates a switch timing schematic diagram for an example embodiment of an exciter 1550 comprising five field windings (labeled No. 1 to No. 5).
  • one or more transistors can be used as the switch 1554.
  • the switch 1554 is configured to pass a direct current (e.g., with a time-varying amplitude) to the winding. In other embodiments, the switch 1554 can be configured to pass an alternating current to the winding.
  • the exciter 1550 receives a series of switch pulses from the microprocessor 1101, and in response, the switches for each winding permit current to pass to the winding.
  • a wide variety of phasing effects can be generated in such embodiments.
  • the DC polarities of the current pulses communicated to windings 2 and 4 is opposite in sign to the polarities of the pulses communicated to windings 1, 3, and 5.
  • the arrangement of magnetic poles in this example is NSSNNSSNNS.
  • Insets (B) and (C) schematically illustrate examples of dynamic phasing (termed forwarding and jumping, respectively) in which switch pulses are communicated to the windings in a temporal sequence.
  • windings 1, 3, and 5 are “on” at the times when windings 2 and 4 are “off (e.g., not receiving current), and vice-versa.
  • Many different timing diagrams may be used in different embodiments of the exciter.
  • the field windings produce electromagnetic fields comprising corresponding high frequency, low frequency, and/or ultralow frequency components.
  • the generated electromagnetic fields (which as known from Maxwell's laws may include electric fields and/or magnetic fields) may be useful for reducing or preventing deposits in petroleum pipes.
  • deposits may be produced or formed in one or more of stages, which may include: (1) prior to wax molecules or dirt particles being segregated from the flow of petroleum and mud water; (2) subsequent to wax molecule or dirt clusters or bumps being segregated from the flow but prior to their deposition on the inner surfaces of the petroleum pipes or on the outer surfaces of pumping rods; and (3) subsequent to wax molecule or dirt clusters or bumps having deposited on the inner surfaces of the petroleum pipes or on the outer surfaces of pumping rods.
  • the apparatus and methods described herein may reduce (or prevent) deposits in some or all of these stages as well as in other stages.
  • the advantages of using high frequency, low frequency, and/or ultralow frequency electromagnetic fields can be enhanced by using one or more of the field winding arrangements shown and described with reference to Figures 2 to 9.
  • the field windings of the exciter can be arranged to collectively produce a resultant magnetic field geometry that can have serially changed magnetic poles and field lines that can be substantially non-parallel and/or substantially non-perpendicular with respect to the pipe axis 15.
  • the magnetic field thus produced can have non-fixed magnetic poles, non-fixed frequencies, non-fixed magnetic field strengths, non-pure sine wave and/or pulse excitation, and/or non-collinear and nonsymmetric magnetic fields.
  • such a magnetic field may increase efficacy of the disclosed apparatus and methods, e.g., by increasing the micro-surge hydraulic effect.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method of preventing deposits in petroleum pipes.
  • the electric wave can include a high frequency component, a low frequency component, and/or an ultralow frequency component. Some or all of these components can be generated using embodiments of the electric wave generator shown and described with reference to Figure 1 1.
  • the high frequency component may include a high frequency in a range from approximately 25 kHz to approximately 65 kHz
  • the low frequency component may include a low frequency in a range from approximately 25 Hz to approximately 240 Hz
  • the ultralow frequency component may include an ultralow frequency in a range from approximately 0.1 Hz to approximately 10 Hz.
  • the electric wave is applied to one or more field windings circumferentially disposed around a petroleum pipe.
  • the field windings can be configured as shown in the examples illustrated in Figures 2-9.
  • the electric wave applied to the field windings generates magnetic (and/or electromagnetic) fields that extend into petroleum fluid (e.g., petroleum and mud water) flowing in the pipe.
  • the applied magnetic (and/or electromagnetic) fields reduce or prevent deposits in the pipe as described above.
  • the properties of the applied electric wave are varied to determine usage statistics relevant to which properties of the electric wave are most effective at reducing deposits. For example, the current and/or voltage of the wave (or the individual wave components) may be varied.
  • the frequencies of the wave components are varied or modulated.
  • the number of field windings and/or the number of turns in particular field windings are varied.
  • the properties of the system are adjusted based at least in part on the usage statistics to increase or maximize deposit reduction. Accordingly, certain embodiments of the method are used to "tune" the system to increase or optimize the performance of the system at reducing deposits for the particular petroleum fluid at a particular oil field.
  • Embodiments of the example method illustrated in Figure 12 may be implemented on an outlet branch of a Christmas tree at an oil well or on an outlet branch of an oil transporting station.
  • the embodiments described above can be utilized at various types of oil wells, including natural-flow oil wells, and oil wells utilizing artificial lifting mechanisms, such as pump lift mechanisms, chain pumping units, and/or sucker rod bumping units.
  • the exciter 1 includes two to twelve field windings.
  • the embodiments described above can also be utilized at oil transporting stations along petroleum pipelines having lengths of hundreds and thousands of miles.
  • the exciter 1 includes ten to fifty field windings.
  • any of the methods described above may be implemented in a computer system comprising one or more general and/or special purpose computers. Embodiments of the methods may be implemented as hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. Various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware, firmware, or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of this disclosure.
  • any illustrative logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented in or performed by an integrated circuit (IC), an access terminal, or an access point.
  • the IC may include a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, electrical components, optical components, mechanical components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein, and may execute codes or instructions that reside within the IC, outside of the IC, or both.
  • a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine.
  • a processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
  • a software module may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, a DVD, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
  • An example storage medium may be coupled to the processor such the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium.
  • the storage medium may be integral to the processor.
  • the processor and the storage medium may reside in an ASIC.
  • the ASIC may reside in a user terminal.
  • the processor and the storage medium may reside as discrete components in a user terminal.
  • Example embodiments described herein may have several features, no single one of which is indispensible or solely responsible for their desirable attributes.
  • the acts or operations of the method or process may be performed in any suitable sequence and are not necessarily limited to any particular disclosed sequence.
  • the structures, systems, apparatus, and/or devices described herein may be embodied as integrated components or as separate components.
  • certain aspects and advantages of these embodiments are described. Not necessarily all such aspects or advantages are achieved by any particular embodiment.
  • various embodiments may be carried out in a manner that achieves or optimizes one advantage or group of advantages as taught herein without necessarily achieving other aspects or advantages as may also be taught or suggested herein.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

Selon un mode de réalisation, l'invention porte sur un appareil pour retirer des dépôts à partir d'une conduite d'écoulement de pétrole, lequel appareil peut comprendre un tuyau apte à être fixé à une conduite d'écoulement de pétrole. Le tuyau peut avoir un axe de tuyau qui définit une direction pour un écoulement de fluide dans la conduite d'écoulement de pétrole. L'appareil peut également comprendre un premier et un second enroulements de champ circonférentiels Iy disposés autour du tuyau, et un générateur d'onde électrique apte à communiquer électriquement une onde électrique au premier enroulement de champ et au second enroulement de champ. En réponse à l'onde électrique, le premier enroulement de champ est apte à produire un premier champ magnétique ayant un premier axe magnétique, et le second enroulement de champ est apte à produire un second champ magnétique ayant un second axe magnétique. Le premier axe magnétique peut être non colinéaire au second axe magnétique, et au moins le premier axe magnétique peut être non colinéaire à l'axe de tuyau.
PCT/US2008/072137 2008-08-04 2008-08-04 Procédé et appareil pour réduire des dépôts dans des tuyaux de pétrole WO2010016828A1 (fr)

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CN200880130584.7A CN102027192B (zh) 2008-08-04 2008-08-04 减少石油管道中的沉积物的方法和装置

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CN104132215A (zh) * 2014-07-17 2014-11-05 哈尔滨理工大学 输油管道声磁热复合防蜡解堵方法及装置
CN111607429A (zh) * 2020-05-27 2020-09-01 邓斌 一种基于磁吸原理对石油中砂石进行吸附的设备
CN113107865A (zh) * 2021-04-18 2021-07-13 深圳景嘉机电科技有限公司 一种多功能潜油泵地面控制装置

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CN105629789A (zh) * 2016-01-28 2016-06-01 高翔 管线非接触式在线液体介质识别方法及控制系统
CN108672425B (zh) * 2018-05-16 2021-04-27 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 一种深水水下管道自动清管方法
CN113028187A (zh) * 2021-03-25 2021-06-25 王昭霞 一种用于石油输送的管道设备
CN113236186B (zh) * 2021-05-08 2022-07-19 东北石油大学 一种基于超声波技术的油井套管清蜡除垢装置

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CN113107865A (zh) * 2021-04-18 2021-07-13 深圳景嘉机电科技有限公司 一种多功能潜油泵地面控制装置

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