WO2010015143A1 - 一种分布式文件系统及其数据块一致性管理的方法 - Google Patents
一种分布式文件系统及其数据块一致性管理的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010015143A1 WO2010015143A1 PCT/CN2009/000855 CN2009000855W WO2010015143A1 WO 2010015143 A1 WO2010015143 A1 WO 2010015143A1 CN 2009000855 W CN2009000855 W CN 2009000855W WO 2010015143 A1 WO2010015143 A1 WO 2010015143A1
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- data block
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/16—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
- G06F11/20—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements
- G06F11/202—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where processing functionality is redundant
- G06F11/2048—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where processing functionality is redundant where the redundant components share neither address space nor persistent storage
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/10—File systems; File servers
- G06F16/18—File system types
- G06F16/182—Distributed file systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to error detection, to error correction, and to monitoring
- G06F2201/82—Solving problems relating to consistency
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to error detection, to error correction, and to monitoring
- G06F2201/88—Monitoring involving counting
Definitions
- the invention relates to a large-capacity storage distributed file system and a management method thereof in the field of computer application, in particular to a large-scale distributed data processing file system and a redundant backup data block consistency check and backup management thereof Methods. Background technique
- a large-scale distributed data processing file system is generally designed as a centralized management server for metadata (for example: file location registration server, FLR, File) in order to ensure efficient data processing and centralized management of metadata.
- metadata for example: file location registration server, FLR, File
- Location Register and several other data files store the architecture of the server (eg File Access Server, FAS, File Access Service).
- the file access client (FAC, File Access Client) must first ask the FLR for the specific storage location of the data, and then the FAC initiates a read and write data request to the specific FAS.
- the way FAS manages data files is to divide the file data into blocks of one piece (CHUNK), each of which consists of several blocks of data.
- CHUNK blocks of one piece
- the correspondence between the data block and the file is identified by the unified identifier FILEID.
- Each file has a FILEID different from the other files.
- the identifier of each data block CHUNK is the FILEID + CHUNK number. All CHUNK distribution information of the file is managed by the FLR unified database.
- the data blocks are redundantly backed up, that is, the same data block copy backup exists on multiple FASs.
- multiple copies of the data blocks thus backed up in the prior art are difficult to ensure consistency, which is a serious problem, mainly in the following cases: How to ensure that multiple FASs are simultaneously in the process of writing operations Write backup data corresponding to each other; if there is an FAS abnormality or damage, how can the data on the FAS be reconstructed; if the FLR is abnormal during the writing process, how to ensure that the FLR record is consistent with the FAS Sex.
- a method for data block consistency management in a distributed file system comprising the following steps:
- the value of the corresponding counter is generated by the file location registration server, and is stored on the file access server and the file location registration server;
- the file access client When writing data to a data block, the file access client simultaneously writes data to the primary and secondary file access servers. If the data is successfully written, the value of the counter is not modified; otherwise, the file access server is normal for writing data.
- the value of the data block counter in is incremented by a predetermined step size;
- the file location registration server reconstructs the abnormal data block according to the value of the corresponding data block counter reported by the primary and backup file access servers, and the data block of the maximum counter value is normal and valid.
- the method further includes:
- the file location registration server returns the primary and secondary file access server information of the data block to the file access client, and the file access client initiates the file access server to the primary and secondary file access servers. Modify the data operation;
- the modification of the data block counter value is not initiated; otherwise, the value of the counter of the file access server where the data block of the normal change data is located is increased by a predetermined step size, and at a predetermined step size. The value of the counter of the data block on the file location registration server is incremented.
- the predetermined step size is 1.
- the step C further includes: the file location registration server initiating a data block verification request to the file access server at a startup time and at a certain time interval.
- the method further includes a data block verification process, where the data block is verified
- the process includes:
- the file access server reports all the local data block identifiers to the file location registration server, and the file location registration server firstly receives the data block identifiers into a HASH table, and the subsequently received data block identifiers are in the HASH table. Find in the middle, find success, indicating that it is a set of primary and backup data blocks;
- the file location registration server divides the primary and secondary file access servers storing the same data block copy backup into a group, and divides all file access servers in the system into groups.
- the step of performing the data block corresponding to each group of data block identifiers in the step D2 in the step D2 further includes:
- step D21 checking whether the data block has a record in the file location registration server; if not, directly delete; otherwise, proceeds to step D22;
- step D2 further includes:
- the record of the data block is deleted in the file location registration server database.
- step D2 further includes:
- the file location registration server initiates a data block reconstruction request from the other file access server where the data block having the smaller counter value is located, from the valid data block. Copy to the abnormal data block;
- the value of the counter for modifying the corresponding data block on each file access server is the same as the maximum value.
- step D2 further includes:
- the value of the counter of the data block on the file location registration server is greater than the file access If the server is small, the value of the counter of the corresponding data block in the file location registration server database is synchronously modified.
- a distributed file system of the method comprising: a file access server connected through a network, at least one file location registration server; the file access server is correspondingly connected to a database; the user accesses the file through a file access client
- the server and the file location registration server perform a write data request, and increase the value of the data block counter of the file server with normal write data in a predetermined step size; wherein the file access server is configured with at least a primary and backup file access server;
- the file location registration server is configured to generate a value of a counter corresponding to the data block, and control reconstruction of the abnormal data block according to the value of the corresponding data block counter reported by the primary and backup file access servers.
- the invention provides a distributed file system and a method for data block consistency management thereof. Because the data block counter is used, each data block is recorded for abnormality and needs to be reconstructed, in a massive cluster system. The redundantly backed up data blocks can be managed simply and efficiently, maintaining consistency between them, and the abnormal backup data blocks can be reconstructed, which is simple and accurate. BRIEF abstract
- FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a modification of a data block counter when a method of the present invention writes or changes data
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a file location registration server FLR check receiving file access server FAS reporting data block CHUNK of the method of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a FLR specific verification method of a file location registration server according to the method of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed file system according to the present invention. Preferred embodiment of the invention
- the invention discloses a distributed file system and a method for data block consistency management thereof, and proposes a concept of a data block counter, that is, a CHUNK counter, which is given a count for each data block. , indicating the number of times the data block has been modified.
- a CHUNK counter which is given a count for each data block.
- the value of the counter is increased by a predetermined step size, so that if the values of the counters of the primary and secondary data blocks are inconsistent, it means that there is an invalid data block, and the abnormal data block can be reconstructed accordingly.
- the method of the invention satisfactorily solves the management work of the primary and secondary data blocks, and the main implementation contents thereof include:
- a data block When a data block is generated, it is uniformly generated by the file location registration server FLR, and the first created data block has a counter value of 1. This value is stored on both the file access server FAS and the file location registration server FLR.
- the FAC simultaneously writes two pieces of data to the primary and secondary FAS. If the primary and backup FAS write data is successful, the modification process of the CHUNK counter is not initiated. If a FAS writes an abnormality during the writing process, the FAC initiates a counter modification process to the normal FAS to modify the value of the current CHUNK counter of the normal data block, so that the value of the CHUNK counter of the primary and backup FAS of the data block appears. There is an inconsistency, and the value of the CHUNK counter of the normal data block is high. In the later stage, an abnormal data block can be determined by simple verification, and the data block is reconstructed on the abnormal FAS.
- the FLR will return the information of the two FASs corresponding to the data block to the FAC, and the FAC directly initiates the operation of modifying the data to the two FASs. If both the primary and backup FAS modification data are successful, the CHUNK counter modification process is not initiated. If a FAS is found to be abnormal during the writing process, the FAC initiates a CHUNK counter modification process to the normal FAS, so that the value of the corresponding CHUNK counter on the FAS is increased by a predetermined step size, and the value of the CHUNK counter on the FLR is increased. Thus, the values of the CHUNK counters of the corresponding data blocks of the primary and backup FAS are inconsistent. By comparing the value of the counter, the abnormal data block can be determined by a simple check later, and the data block is reconstructed on the abnormal FAS.
- the value of the CHUNK counter is definitely inconsistent.
- the FLR initiates a CHUNK check request process to the FAS at the start time and at certain intervals.
- the value of the CHUNK counter reported by the primary and backup FAS the value of the largest counter can be used to determine which data block on the FAS is valid. This way the data blocks on the exception FAS can be reconstructed.
- the following is a specific example to illustrate the method of data block consistency management in the distributed file system of the present invention:
- the identification of the data block CHUNK is: FILEID (four-byte unsigned integer) + CHU K number (2-byte unsigned integer) + counter (four-byte unsigned integer); there will be database records on the FLR side
- Each CHUNK identifier includes the value of the CHUNK counter of the data block and its FAS location information; each data block is managed on the FAS side, and the value of its CHUNK counter is recorded.
- the FAC first requests the FLR to allocate all FASs with backup relationships. After the assignment is successful, FLR will record the CHUNK identifier in the local database, and the initial value of the CHUNK counter of the data block is set to 1.
- a data write request is then initiated directly by the FAC to the two FASs.
- the status of each FAS write is continuously reported.
- the reported status information includes: the currently written CHUNK identifier, and each FAS write status.
- the FLR After receiving the reporting status, the FLR compares the write status of the two FASs. If the two FAS write statuses are normal, the processing is not processed; if the two FASs are not normal, the value of the FLUN side CHUNK counter is directly increased; If one of the FAS writes an exception and the other FAS writes normally, the FLR will initiate a CHUNK counter modification request to the normal FAS. After receiving the request, the normal FAS increases the value of the CHUNK counter corresponding to the local data block, and returns a modification success message to the FLR.
- the FLR modifies the value in the local database to match the value of the CHUNK counter of the data block of the normal FAS, and the value of the CHUNK counter of the error data block on the abnormal FAS will not be modified.
- the difference is that when the data is newly written, the FLR returns the FAS information of the new data block, or the FAS information of the already stored data.
- the FLR will initiate the CHUNK check request process to the FAS at the start time and at certain time intervals.
- the check method is as follows: FLR divides each primary and backup FAS as a group, and the entire cluster data block is divided into Several groups, such as N groups. For each group, a verification request is sent to each member.
- the FAS that receives the request reports the local CHUNK identifier to the FLR.
- the FLR will form the first received identification information into a HASH table. Subsequent receipt of the CHUNK identifier will first be searched in the HASH table, and the search succeeds, indicating that it is a pair of primary and backup data blocks. If it is not found, it may be the main and the backup. At the same time, all the CHUNK identification information of the data block is recorded. After a group of members is successfully verified, the FLR verifies each CHUNK identification information.
- the verification process is shown in Figure 3. Show, including:
- the first step is to check whether the data block CHUNK has a record in the FLR; if there is no record, delete it directly; if there is a record, pass the check;
- the second step is to calculate the value of the FLR database and the CHUNK counter of each FAS, and compare which value is the largest.
- the data block with the largest CHUNK counter value is valid and normal.
- the third step is to verify the value of the CHUNK counter.
- the specific process includes:
- the CHUNK record needs to be deleted in the FLR database.
- the value of the CHUNK counter on the FLR is smaller than the FAS, then the value of the CHUNK counter in the FLR database needs to be modified synchronously.
- the structure of the distributed file system of the present invention is as shown in FIG. 4, which includes a file access server 401 and at least one file location registration server 402 connected via a network connection, such as an Ethernet connection, wherein each file access server 401 is also connected to a corresponding one.
- the database 411, at least one file location registration server 402 is configured to generate a value of a counter corresponding to the data block in the write data operation of the file access server 401.
- the user can make a data access request to the corresponding file access server 401 and the file location registration server 402 through a file access client 403;
- the file access server 401 is provided with at least a primary and backup file access server, and the
- the file access client 403 is configured to write data to the corresponding data block of the primary and secondary file access servers, and increase the value of the data block counter of the file server with normal write data by a predetermined step size;
- the file location registration server 402 It can be used to determine whether the value of the corresponding data block counter reported by the primary and backup file access servers is consistent, determine whether the data block is abnormal or not, and control the reconstruction of the abnormal data block.
- the distributed file system and the data block consistency management method thereof can easily and efficiently manage redundant backup data blocks in a massive cluster system, maintain consistency, and can reconstruct abnormal backup data blocks. Its main performance is:
- the value of the CHUNK counter of the data block on the normal FAS may be increased first, and the data block CHUNK on the abnormal FAS may be maintained.
- the value of the counter is not increased; when the subsequent FLR performs the timing check, the data block on the FAS with the low CHUNK counter value is deleted according to the check of the value of the above CHUNK counter, and the data block on the normal FAS is reconstructed. The corresponding data block on the exception FAS.
- the method of the present invention uses a data block with a high CHUNK counter as a normal and valid data block. If the FLR record is the highest, it indicates that the data blocks on each FAS are unreliable; if the highest recorded on a FAS, then The data block needs to be reconstructed into the FAS with a low value, and the records in the FLR are modified.
- the distributed file system and the data block consistency management method thereof are simple and accurate, and the verification calculation is fast, and can be applied to massive data block processing.
- the invention provides a distributed file system and a method for data block consistency management thereof. Because the data block counter is used, each data block is recorded for abnormality and needs to be reconstructed, in a massive cluster system. The redundantly backed up data blocks can be managed simply and efficiently, maintaining consistency between them, and the abnormal backup data blocks can be reconstructed, which is simple and accurate.
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Priority Applications (2)
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EP09804443A EP2330519A4 (en) | 2008-08-04 | 2009-07-30 | DISTRIBUTED FILE SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DATA BLOCK CONSISTENCY MANAGEMENT THEREFOR |
US13/057,187 US8285689B2 (en) | 2008-08-04 | 2009-07-30 | Distributed file system and data block consistency managing method thereof |
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CN200810142291.2 | 2008-08-04 | ||
CN2008101422912A CN101334797B (zh) | 2008-08-04 | 2008-08-04 | 一种分布式文件系统及其数据块一致性管理的方法 |
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US (1) | US8285689B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2330519A4 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101334797B (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2449358C1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2010015143A1 (zh) |
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- 2009-07-30 US US13/057,187 patent/US8285689B2/en active Active
- 2009-07-30 RU RU2011107514/08A patent/RU2449358C1/ru active
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US20110161302A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
CN101334797A (zh) | 2008-12-31 |
CN101334797B (zh) | 2010-06-02 |
US8285689B2 (en) | 2012-10-09 |
EP2330519A4 (en) | 2011-11-23 |
EP2330519A1 (en) | 2011-06-08 |
RU2449358C1 (ru) | 2012-04-27 |
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