WO2010015061A2

WO2010015061A2 - Sliding hydraulic turbine

Info

Publication number: WO2010015061A2
Application number: PCT/BR2009/000266
Authority: WO
Inventors: Wilson Pierazoli Filho
Original assignee: Hoffmann, Johann
Priority date: 2008-08-08
Filing date: 2009-08-10
Publication date: 2010-02-11
Also published as: WO2010015061A3; BRPI0802828A2

Abstract

The sliding Hydraulic Turbine for generating electricity, which includes an automatic operating system, with control sensors far rotation, vibration, temperature, flow and water level, monitored at distance by several cameras positioned at strategic points. The turbine has a central valve (11 ) with blade movement type at the bottom of the housing in order to control the flow of water passing that exerts hydraulic pressure on the flexible blades (38) arranged in the outer perimeter of the rotor (37), thus starting rotation and the consequent production of electricity. The turbine, designed in modular components, allows us to produce various possible assembly combinations. Its rotation produces natural oxygenation of water caused by the flexible blades (38), thereby providing benefits to microorganisms and all aquatic species.

Description

"SLIDING HYDRAULIC TURBINE"

This patent refers to a sliding hydraulic turbine that has the function of generating electricity, using water resources in their natural form, thus, preserving the water course and its bedding and banks while also preserving the ecosystem.

In order to address the problems arising from hydroelectric facilities which are aggressors of the ecosystem, we have developed the present turbine, whereby the generation of electricity does not depend on fixed dams, or any flooding, providing thus a more efficient use of potential hydropower energy directly from the river in its course on the rotor of the turbine.

The hydraulic sliding turbine consists of casings, deflector plate, spacer module blocks, reservoirs of water for cooling, sealing caps, suction chambers, rotors, flexible blades with different shapes and lengths, elastic couplings, low speed electric generators, frequency converters, electrical panels, water pumps, drawer valve type blockages, central blockages, rubber sheet, sliding bearings, fixed bearings, hydraulic units, rooms for hydraulic units, hydraulic cylinders, transversal cylindrical base, piping for passage of fish, flow controls, level control, vibration control, rotation control, temperature control, internal and external cameras, presence sensors, speakers, sirens, computer control room, satellite controlled proprietary software for each installation, room for electric transformer and assistant generator, pre-made reinforced concrete modules, handrail stairs access, caged walkway, they are a set of turbines in line crossing the river.

The hydraulic turbine slider can be better understood through the following detailed description, according to the figures attached, where:

FIGURE 1 represents a frontal view of a set of six turbines. FIGURE 2 is a top view of the set of six turbines.

FIGURE 3 represents a section of the set of turbines, of the side fixed bearing and of the piping for passage of aquatic beings. FIGURE 4 is a side view of the fixed bearing central and lateral spacer module with output electric cables.

FIGURE 5 represents a side view of the command chamber between the central fixed bearings and central floodgate of the turbine. FIGURE 6 represents a section of the turbine with rotor and flexible blades fixed on a flat bar.

FIGURE 7 represents a section of the turbine with rotor and flexible blades fixed on a "U" profile bar.

FIGURE 8 represents a view of the flexible blade fixed on a flat bar. FIGURE 9 is a view of the flexible blade fixed profile "U".

FIGURE 10 represents a section of the spacing module of the turbine with low rotation speed electric generator mounted.

FIGURE 11 represents a magnified view of the assembly of spacing modules, casing and the turbine rotor. FIGURE 12 is a side view of the low rotation speed electric generator.

The FIGURE 13 represents an enlarged detail of the assembly of magnetic polar plates, the permanent magnets and sectors of silicon steel blades with an adjustable key of low rotation speed electric generator.

FIGURE 14 is a front view of the low rotation speed generator with the assembly of its components.

FIGURE 15 represents an enlarged detail of the assembly of the sectors of silicon steel blades.

With reference to Figure (1) we can see that the casing (1) has a structural function and protects the turbine rotor installed in its interior against external elements that are moving within the river. Spacing modules (2) accommodate the low rotation speed electrical generators (3), directly coupled to the turbines rotors with elastic couplings (4). A deflector plate (5) regulates the height of the water column formed in front of the turbines through the action of hydraulic cylinders (6) driven simultaneously by the corresponding hydraulic central.

Directly coupled to the ends of the hydraulic cylinder rods (7), the sliding bearings (8) support and slide on the side fixed bearings (9) and on the fixed central bearings (10). At the bottom of the casings or housings (1), drawer type valve locks (11) are installed with the purpose of regulating the flow passage of water from the river, used to propel the rotor of each turbine, individually activated by hydraulic cylinders (12 ).

Central Valve (13) with opening and closing activation via the hydraulic cylinder (14), which transfers the entire weight of the valve to the metal beam

(36) where it is mounted. All hydraulic cylinders are powered by the hydraulic units (15) installed inside the rooms (16), accessed via the stairs (17) and

(18). The hydraulic oil used to drive the cylinder is driven by hydraulic tubing

(19). Stairs (20) and (21) allow the access to the command chambers (22) and (23) of the electric transformer.

Inside the room of the electric transformer (23) it is installed an auxiliary generator engine to supply electricity when there is no external power. At the top of each set consisting of three turbines it is mounted a beam (24) prefabricated in reinforced concrete which interconnects the fixed side bearing (9) with the central fixed bearing (10) forming a frame and is used as bridge to access all control systems of turbines. On each side of the beam (24) there is mounted a cage (25) for protection.

Between the side fixed bearings and the central ones it is installed a rod (26) made of carbon steel round bars which are used for the leveling of the fixed bearings and the transverse bracing. The support structure for the turbine system is composed of a transversal cylindrical basis (27), formed by prefabricated modules with reinforced concrete, where openings (28) allow the access of aquatic life to its interior and is supported and fixed on transversal (29) and longitudinal (30) beams. Piping for the passage of fish and other aquatic beings, are composed of tubular modules (31) pre-fabricated in reinforced concrete having vertical tubes for inspection (32) and horizontal output tubes (33).

With reference to Figure (2) you can see the tubular modules (31), vertical tubes for inspection (32), horizontal output tubes (33), all pre-built with reinforced concrete, assembled along the banks of the river and interconnected the transversal cylindrical base (27), they enable the transposing of fish and other aquatic beings to the tank of water formed in front of the turbines, to continue its journey. Casings (1), spacing modules (2), sliding bearings (8), hydraulic cylinders (6) activation of slide valves, central valve (13), with activation of opening and closing via the hydraulic cylinder (14), stairs for access (17) and (18) the rooms (16) of hydraulic units (15), ladders (20) and (21) for access to the command rooms and the electric transformer room, suction chambers (34).

With reference to Figure (3) you can see the piping for the passage of fish is composed by tubular modules (31) with pre-fabricated reinforced concrete that are assembled on the river with a slope of 4° degrees in relation to the horizontal plane. They do not align with the center lines of the modules for the purpose of formation of inverted steps in order to reduce the speed and control pressure of water flow to the internal tubing. The vertical pipes for inspection (32) allow access to its interior, horizontal output tubes (33), pre-fabricated in reinforced concrete, allow the output of fish and other aquatic beings concluding the transposing of the system of turbines Together make up the piping for passage of fish and other aquatic beings. A transverse cylindrical base (27) and the side fixed bearing (9) are mounted and fixed on the transversal (29) and longitudinal (30) beams, where the hydraulic cylinder (7) is used for ascent and descent of all the turbines, attached to the sliding bearing (8). A cage or guard-body (25) is installed on both sides of the beam (24), access ladders (17) and (18) to room (16) and to the hydraulic unit (15). With reference to Figure (4) you can see the central fixed bearing (10) prefabricated in reinforced concrete that has a support track (35) in one of its upper side with an inclination of 70° in relation to the horizontal plane in order to facilitate the sliding of any equipment supported on it with the activation of the hydraulic cylinder (7). A transverse cylindrical base (27) is formed by the junction of pre-built reinforced concrete modules with differentiated matching shapes, supported and fixed on the transversal or cross beam (29) and longitudinal beam (30). Their function is to support the horizontal load imposed by the volume of water from the river and the vertical loads of equipment mounted on them, keeping them stable.

Electrical Cables (42) leaving the lateral spacer module and are connected to the frequency converters installed in the electrical panel, then connected to the electric transformer.

With reference to figure (5) we can observe the central floodgate (13), constructed with sheets of carbon steel either galvanized or not, is mounted between and supported on central fixed bearings (10), where the movement of opening and closing is done through the hydraulic cylinder (14) fixed on the metal beam (36).

With reference to figure (6) can observe the casing (1), the rotor (37), the flexible blades (38), manufactured in rubber or similar material, arranged in equidistant positions in its outer perimeter. The floodgate slide valve (11) designed with dimensions proportional to the turbine housing in which it is mounted, fixed side rails (39) acting as guides, and which is driven by hydraulic cylinder (12) allowing its opening or closing as the need for regulating the flow of water passing to propel the rotor, metal protection (40) of the hydraulic cylinder (12). Rubber sheet (41) mounted on the upper end of the deflector plate with the function to protect the equipment mounted on top of the spacing modules and the housings that comprise the system of turbines.

Suction chamber (34) made of sheets of carbon steel, galvanized or not, that has reinforcements in its length, fixed to the housing and interconnected with ribs to the side spacers by linking screws, rubber sealant (43), supported on the transversal cylindrical base (27). With reference to Figure (7) we can observe the housing (1), the rotor (37), flexible blades (42), manufactured in rubber or similar material, arranged in equidistant order in its outer perimeter. Comport valve (11) designed with dimensions proportional to the turbine housing in which it is mounted, fixed side rails (39) acting as guides are driven by the hydraulic cylinder (12) allowing its opening or closing as the need for regulation of the flow of water passing in order to propel the rotor, metal protection (40) of hydraulic cylinder (12). Rubber sheet (41) mounted on the upper end of the deflector plate with the function of protecting the equipment mounted on top of the spacing modules and of the housing that compose the system of turbines. Suction chamber (34) made of sheets of carbon steel galvanized or not, prepared with reinforcements in length, fixed to the housing and interconnected with the spacer ribs side by linking screws, rubber seal (43), supported on the transversal cylindrical base (27). With reference to figure (8) we can see the shape of the flexible blade (38) and how it is fixed with screws on flat bars welded to backside of rotor.

With reference to Figure (9) you can see the shape of the flexible blade (42) and how it is fixed with screws on the "U" profile soldered on backside rotor.

With reference to Figure (10) we can observe the deflector plate (5) made of sheet of carbon steel either galvanized or not, with structural reinforcements in length and that can be fixed with welding or soldering on the whole set, or made mobile, with joints (44), rubber sealant (45), fixed on the outside of the whole structure. The opening of the deflector plate is made by hydraulic cylinders (6) that, when actuated, the increase in volume of water experienced by the set of turbines, having as a consequence the increase of the water column. The spacing module (2) is constructed with sheets of carbon steel, galvanized or not, and has round shape and proper dimensions which vary depending on the load applied to it.

It has on its top an opening for access with rectangular (46) and round (47) apertures, with holes in the frame around it in order to enable its fixation by stainless steel screws, after vulcanizing and curing to obtain a perfect seal. Within the spacing module it is mounted on the metal base structure (48) the low rotation speed electric generator (3), a water pump (49) to suck water from the reservoir (8) for cooling the outer ring of the housing of the low speed electric generator. The water of the reservoir (8) is cooled using the river water at room temperature in contact with the plate of the outer surface of spacer. A shock absorber (50) of rubber or similar material is placed in the bottom of the spacing module and has the function to regulate, with the help of the hydraulic cylinder (7), the height of the rotor blades according to operational need. Transversal cylindrical base (27), openings (28) to access its interior, modular cards (51) pre-fabricated with reinforced concrete and installed before and after the set of turbines, regulate the flow of water at the entrance and exit of the turbines.

With reference to Figure (11) we can observe that the housing (1), is designed with dimensions that vary with the hydraulic power available. The thicknesses of the plates and the diameters are predetermined depending on the efforts that it will be submitted to and the calculated power generation, is made of sheets of carbon steel either galvanized or not with the purpose of protecting the rotor (37) installed in its interior, against external elements contained and moving within the river. Spacing module (2) houses in its interior the low-speed electrical generator (3) mounted on the structure of the metal base (48) and coupled directly to the tip of the shaft (52) of the rotor (37) with elastic coupling (4). The rotor (37) is constructed with sheets of carbon steel, galvanized or not, with diameter and length that may vary depending on the amount of generation of electricity required. The ends of the shaft (52) are mounted on hubs with bearings and seals possibly with graphite gaskets, hydraulic seals or retainers. The rotor (37) has flexible blades on its outer perimeter (38) that are made from rubber or similar material and fixed throughout length of the rotor and spaced equidistantly around the perimeter. They have flexibility in a counter direction related to the direction of spin of the rotor, in order to allow the passing of stones, sand, gravel, and other elements contained and moving within the river.

The flexible blades receive the hydraulic pressure of the river turning it into mechanical energy, then, with the spin of the rotor (37), in electric power. On the spacing modules (2) and housing (1) it is mounted a deflector plate (5), driven by hydraulic cylinders (6), openings or apertures (28) for access to the interior of transversal cylindrical basis are arranged below the spacing modules (2) between the plates of pre-fabricated reinforced concrete (51).

With reference to Figure (12), we can observe the low rotation speed electrical generator, the cylindrical structure of the housing (53) have, mounted in its internal diameter, sections of silicon steel blades (54) on the outside diameter of the rotor (55) are mounted magnetic polar plates (56) and permanent magnets (57).

With reference to Figure (13), we can see the sections of silicon steel blades (54) mounted along the internal diameter of the cylindrical structure of the housing (53), magnetic polar plate (56) fixed around external diameter of the rotor (55) with screws in the transversal bar (58), permanent magnet (57), copper bar (59), steel pin (60), Copper bars connecting ring (61), brace (62), strip of brass (63), flanged pipes (64) for entry and exit of water from the maze (65) outside the housing (53).

With reference to Figure (14), we can observe the structure of the cylindrical housing (53), sections of silicon steel blades (54), flanged pipe (64), maze or labyrinth (65), connecting rod (66), clamping ring (67), copper coil bobbin (68), magnetic polar plates (56), permanent magnet (57), transversal bar (58), rotor (55), axis or shaft (69), brace (70), bearings (71), bearing housing cover (72), closing covers (73), tanks (74), retainers (75), oil level display (76), blades (77) of the internal air revolution.

With reference to Figure (15), we can observe the structure of the cylindrical housing (53), sectors of silicon steel blades (54), rotor (55), magnetic polar plate (56), permanent magnet (57), transversal bar (58), copper bar (59), steel pin (60), copper bars connecting ring (61), brass strips (63), connecting rod (66), non-magnetic clamping ring (67), copper coil (68) with phase electrical isolation, closing covers or caps (73), flanged pipe (64), labyrinth or maze (65), blades (77) of the internal air revolution.

Claims

1. The Sliding Hydraulic Turbine is a device for generating electricity that through the use of an existing water resource in its natural form, produces power for 24 hours of continuous operation, with control sensors for rotation, vibration, temperature, flow and water level, monitored at distance by several cameras positioned at strategic points; the turbine has a comport valve with blade movement type at the bottom of the housing in order to control the flow of water passing that exerts hydraulic pressure on the flexible blades arranged in the outer perimeter of the rotor, thus starting rotation and the consequent production of electricity, It is designed in modular components, allows us to produce various possible assembly combinations and its rotation produces natural oxygenation of water caused by the flexible blades, thereby providing benefits to microorganisms and all aquatic species, characterized by the set is been composed of: housing (1), spacing modules (2), low rotation speed electric generator (3), elastic couplings (4), deflector plate (5), hydraulic cylinders (7), sliding bearings (8), fixed side bearings (9), central fixed bearings (10), Comport blade valve (11), hydraulic cylinders (12), Central comport valve (13), hydraulic cylinder (14), hydraulic units (15), rooms or chambers (16), ladders (17) and (18), hydraulic piping (19), access ladders (20) and (21), control rooms or chambers (22) and the electric transformer (23), beam (24), guard-body cage (25), connecting rod (26), transversal cylindrical base (27), openings (28), transversal beams (29), longitudinal beams (30), tubular modules (31), vertical tubes for inspection (32), horizontal output tubes (33), suction chamber (34), supporting track (35), metal beam (36), rotor (37), flexible blades (38) and (42), fixed side rails (39), metallic protection, (40), rubber sheet (41), rubber sealant (43), articulated joints (44), rubber seals (45), rectangular lid or cover (46), round cover or cap (47), metallic base (48), water pump (49), shock absorber (50), modular plates (51), axis or shaft (52), the generator housing (53), silicon steel blades (54), rotor (55), magnetic polar plates (56), permanent magnets (57), transversal bar (58), copper bar (59), steel pin (60), connecting ring (61), brace (62), brass strips (63), flanged pipe (64), maze or labyrinth (65), connecting rod (66), clamping ring (67), copper coil (68), axis or shaft (69), brace (70), bearings (71), bearing hub cover or lid (72), closing covers (73), tanks (74), retainers (75), oil level display (76), blades (77) for the internal air revolution.